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Phromphithak S, Onsree T, Tippayawong N. Machine learning prediction of cellulose-rich materials from biomass pretreatment with ionic liquid solvents. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 323:124642. [PMID: 33418349 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquid solvents (ILSs) have been effectively utilized in biomass pretreatment to produce cellulose-rich materials (CRMs). Predicting CRM properties and evaluating multi-dimensional relationships in this system are necessary but complicated. In this work, machine learning algorithms were applied to predict CRM properties in terms of cellulose enrichment factor (CEF) and solid recovery (SR), using 23-feature datasets from biomass characteristics, operating conditions, ILSs identities, and catalyst. Random forest algorithm was found to have the highest prediction accuracy with RMSE and R2 of 0.22 and 0.94 for CEF, as well as 0.07 and 0.84 for SR, respectively. Highly influential features on making predictions were mainly from biomass characteristics andILS treatment'soperating conditions, totally contributed 80% on CEF and 60% on SR. One- and two-way partial dependence plots were used to explain/interpret the multi-dimensional relationships of the most important features. Our findings could be applied in designing new ILSs and optimizing the process conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanphawat Phromphithak
- Graduate Program in Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Thossaporn Onsree
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Nakorn Tippayawong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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52
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Haldar D, Purkait MK. A review on the environment-friendly emerging techniques for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass: Mechanistic insight and advancements. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128523. [PMID: 33039689 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The process of pretreatment is considered as an indispensable unit operation in the field of lignocellulosic conversion. The traditional pretreatment operations of lignocellulosic biomass are observed as inefficient to meet the demand for an industrial adaptation. In view of that, numerous investigations are reported on various conventional pretreatment methods but very limited information's are available on the advanced technologies. The present review article provides an exclusive discussion on various emerging and environment-friendly pretreatment methods applied on a number of different feedstock materials. Further, an insight on the reaction mechanism involved with each of the technologies such as microwave, ultrasound, deep eutectic solvent, irradiation, and high force assisted pretreatment methods are elucidated for an effective valorization of lignocellulosic biomass. Hence, in a single article, the readers of this paper will get to know all important aspects of the emerging pretreatment techniques of lignocellulosic biomass including the advancements, and the mechanistic insight which will be highly beneficial towards the selection of an efficient pretreatment method for large scale of commercial implementation in a lignocellulosic biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyajyoti Haldar
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| | - Mihir Kumar Purkait
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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53
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Xu H, Kong Y, Peng J, Song X, Liu Y, Su Z, Li B, Gao C, Tian W. Comprehensive analysis of important parameters of choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvent pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124209. [PMID: 33045547 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents have showed great potential in lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment. In this study, for DES pretreatment with different hydrogen bond donners of different raw materials under different reaction conditions, multivariate analysis methods including principal component analysis and partial least squares analysis were used for reveal the pretreatment mechanism by evaluating the inner relationships among 42 key process factors. Furthermore, based on molecular simulation, the detailed relationships between key variables were further analyzed. Meanwhile, four-dimensional color graphs were used to intuitively reveal the synergistic influence of multivariate conditions variables on pretreatment effect to obtain better economic benefits and energy consumption indicators for DES pretreatment. The results showed that HBD hydrophilic ability, HBD polarity, HBD acidity, HBD ability to form hydrogen bonds, molar ratio of HBD to choline chloride and pretreatment severity had great influence on the Choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents pretreatment effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanfei Xu
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
| | - Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Jianjun Peng
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Song
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Yaoze Liu
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Zhenning Su
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, PR China
| | - Chuanhui Gao
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Wende Tian
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
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54
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Process development for biomass delignification using deep eutectic solvents. Conceptual design supported by experiments. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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55
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Lin KP, Feng GJ, Pu FL, Hou XD, Cao SL. Enhancing the Thermostability of Papain by Immobilizing on Deep Eutectic Solvents-Treated Chitosan With Optimal Microporous Structure and Catalytic Microenvironment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:576266. [PMID: 33134288 PMCID: PMC7561714 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.576266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have attracted an increasing attention in the fields of biocatalysis and biopolymer processing. In this study, papain immobilized on choline chloride- lactic acid (ChCl-Lac) DES-treated chitosan exhibited excellent thermostability as compared to the free enzyme. The properties of native or DES-treated chitosan and immobilized enzyme were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, surface area and pore property analysis. Like the common enzyme immobilization, papain immobilized on DES-treated chitosan resulted in a lower catalytic efficiency and a higher thermostability than the free enzyme due to the restricted diffusion. The results also revealed that DES could control the active group content, thus achieving the appropriate microporous structure of immobilized enzyme. Meanwhile, it could also help to construct the optimal microenvironment by hydrogen-bonding interaction between enzyme, chitosan, and residual DES, which are benefit for maintaining an active conformation and subsequently a high thermostability of papain. Moreover, it was found that trace DES (10 mM) significantly promoted the activity of free papain (145%). Deactivation thermodynamics study showed that the DES could enhance the thermostability of papain especially at high temperature (half-life of 7.4 vs. 3.5 h) because of the increased Gibbs free energy of denaturation. Secondary structure analysis by circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD) agreed well with the activity and thermostability data, further confirming the formation of rigid conformation induced by a specific amount of DES. This work provides a new way of enzyme immobilization synergistically intensified by solvents and supporting materials to achieve better microporous structure and catalytic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Peng Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Jian Feng
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fu-Long Pu
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Dan Hou
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Lin Cao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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56
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Cronin DJ, Chen X, Moghaddam L, Zhang X. Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction of High-Purity Lignin from a Corn Stover Hydrolysate. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4678-4690. [PMID: 32671961 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A lactic acid/chlorine chloride-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) was used for the extraction of high-purity lignin (up to 94.7 %) in high yield (up to 75 %) from the hydrolysis/fermentation residue corn stover hydrolysate (CSH), which was generated from a pilot-plant-scale biorefinery. A range of extraction conditions were investigated, which involved varying reaction temperature, time, and DES composition. The relationship between lignin yield, purity, and structural characteristics with DES treatment conditions was determined. The extraction of high-purity lignin from hydrolysis/fermentation residues presents a promising approach for enhancing the economic feasibility of a lignocellulose biorefinery. It was also determined that DES extraction can produce lignin with a controlled range of molecular weight and functional group content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J Cronin
- Bioproducts, Science & Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013, Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO, USA
| | - Lalehvash Moghaddam
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2432, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Bioproducts, Science & Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA, USA
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
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57
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Liang Y, Duan W, An X, Qiao Y, Tian Y, Zhou H. Novel betaine-amino acid based natural deep eutectic solvents for enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis of corncob. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 310:123389. [PMID: 32335347 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel natural deep eutectic solvent (NDES) with water content ranging from 65 to 93 wt%, in which betaine (Bet) acts as the cation and amino acids (AAs) as the anions, was prepared by a simple and green chemical route. [Bet][AA] NDES showed excellent xylan and lignin solubility, however, scare cellulose solubility. A mild and facile pretreatment process with [Bet][AA] NDES was carried out at 60 °C for 5 h. The enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of cellulose and corncob was significantly improved. Detailed characterization showed that the enhancement of cellulose digestibility derived mainly from xylan and lignin removal. Xylan and lignin removal for [Bet][Lys]-W87 was 47.68 and 49.06%, while it was 42.20% and 57.01% for [Bet][Arg]-W82, respectively. FT-IR, SEM, XRD, and HSQC NMR studies confirmed the effectiveness and mechanism of [Bet][Lys]-W87 and [Bet][Arg]-W82 on biomass pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 277590, China
| | - Wenjing Duan
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 277590, China
| | - Xiaoxi An
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 277590, China
| | - Yingyun Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Yuanyu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 277590, China; State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Haifeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 277590, China.
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58
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Xu H, Peng J, Kong Y, Liu Y, Su Z, Li B, Song X, Liu S, Tian W. Key process parameters for deep eutectic solvents pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass materials: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 310:123416. [PMID: 32334906 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvent (DES) has been considered as a novel green solvent for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment. The efficiency of DES pretreatment is affected by the synergy of various process parameters. The study of effect of DES physicochemical properties and pretreatment reaction conditions on the mechanism of lignocellulose biomass fractionation was of great significance for the development of biomass conversion. Form the view of process control, this review summarized recent advances in DES pretreatment, analyzed the challenges, and prospected the future development of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanfei Xu
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Reaction and Separation Engineering of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
| | - Jianjun Peng
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Yaoze Liu
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Zhenning Su
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Song
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Shiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Reaction and Separation Engineering of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Wende Tian
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Reaction and Separation Engineering of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266042, PR China
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Zhong L, Yang L, Wang C, Ji X, Yang G, Chen J, Lyu G, Xu F, Yoo CG. NaOH-Aided Sulfolane Pretreatment for Effective Fractionation and Utilization of Willow (Salix matsudana cv. Zhuliu). Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Liyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Xingxiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Guihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Jiachuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Gaojin Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
- RZBC GROUP CO., LTD., Rizhao, Shandong 276800, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Department of Paper and Bioprocess Engineering, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
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Domański J, Marchut-Mikołajczyk O, Cieciura-Włoch W, Patelski P, Dziekońska-Kubczak U, Januszewicz B, Zhang B, Dziugan P. Production of Methane, Hydrogen and Ethanol from Secale cereale L. Straw Pretreated with Sulfuric Acid. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25041013. [PMID: 32102411 PMCID: PMC7070859 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25041013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The study describes sulfuric acid pretreatment of straw from Secale cereale L. (rye straw) to evaluate the effect of acid concentration and treatment time on the efficiency of biofuel production. The highest ethanol yield occurred after the enzyme treatment at a dose of 15 filter paper unit (FPU) per gram of rye straw (subjected to chemical hydrolysis with 2% sulfuric acid (SA) at 121 °C for 1 h) during 120 h. Anaerobic digestion of rye straw treated with 10% SA at 121 °C during 1 h allowed to obtain 347.42 L methane/kg volatile solids (VS). Most hydrogen was released during dark fermentation of rye straw after pretreatment of 2% SA, 121 °C, 1 h and 1% SA, 121 °C, 2 h—131.99 and 134.71 L hydrogen/kg VS, respectively. If the rye straw produced in the European Union were processed into methane, hydrogen, ethanol, the annual electricity production in 2018 could reach 9.87 TWh (terawatt-hours), 1.16 TWh, and 0.60 TWh, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Domański
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (W.C.-W.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-631-34-84
| | - Olga Marchut-Mikołajczyk
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Weronika Cieciura-Włoch
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (W.C.-W.); (P.D.)
| | - Piotr Patelski
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (P.P.); (U.D.-K.)
| | - Urszula Dziekońska-Kubczak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (P.P.); (U.D.-K.)
| | - Bartłomiej Januszewicz
- Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Bolin Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Piotr Dziugan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (W.C.-W.); (P.D.)
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61
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Tan YT, Chua ASM, Ngoh GC. Deep eutectic solvent for lignocellulosic biomass fractionation and the subsequent conversion to bio-based products - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122522. [PMID: 31818720 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the introduction of deep eutectic solvent (DES) in biomass processing field, the efficiency of DES in lignocellulosic biopolymer model compounds' (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) solubilisation and conversion was widely recognized. Nevertheless, DES's potential for biorefinery application can be reflected more accurately through their performance in raw lignocellulosic biomass processing rather than model compound conversion. Therefore, this review examines the studies on raw lignocellulosic biomass fractionation using DES and the subsequent conversion of DES-fractionated products into bio-based products. The review stresses on three key parts: performance of varying types of DESs and pretreatment schemes for biopolymer fractionation, properties and conversion of fractionated saccharides as well as DES-extracted lignin. The prospects and challenges of DES implementation in biomass processing will also be discussed. This review provides a front-to-end view on the DES's performance, starting from pretreatment to DES-fractionated products conversion, which would be helpful in devising a comprehensive biomass utilization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Tong Tan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Adeline Seak May Chua
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Gek Cheng Ngoh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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63
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Kontogianni N, Barampouti EM, Mai S, Malamis D, Loizidou M. Effect of alkaline pretreatments on the enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:35648-35656. [PMID: 31792789 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06822-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials are mainly consisted of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Lignin is recognized as the main obstacle for the enzymatic saccharification of cellulose towards the fermentable sugars' production. Hence, the removal of lignin from the lignocellulosic feedstock is beneficial for reducing the recalcitrance of lignocellulose for enzymatic attack. For this purpose, various different alkaline pretreatments were examined in order to study their effect on the enzymatic saccharification of wheat straw, as a typical lignocellulosic material. Results revealed that the alkaline pretreatments promoted delignification reactions. Regarding the removal of lignin, the most efficient pretreatments were alkaline treatment with hydrogen peroxide 10% and NaOH 2% autoclave with delignification efficiencies of 89.60% and 84.86% respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to enlighten the structural changes of raw and pretreated materials. The higher the delignification of the raw material, the higher the conversion of cellulose during enzymatic saccharification. In all cases after enzymatic saccharification, the cellulosic conversion was much higher (32-77%) than the untreated wheat straw (8.6%). After undergoing alkaline peroxide 10% pretreatment and cellulase treatment, 99% of the initial raw straw was eventually solubilized. Thus, wheat straw could be considered as an ideal material for the production of glucose with proper pretreatments and effective enzymatic hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoleta Kontogianni
- School of Chemical Engineering, Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Elli Maria Barampouti
- School of Chemical Engineering, Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Mai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Malamis
- School of Chemical Engineering, Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Loizidou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece.
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Liu Y, Zheng J, Xiao J, He X, Zhang K, Yuan S, Peng Z, Chen Z, Lin X. Enhanced Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Lignin Extraction of Wheat Straw by Triethylbenzyl Ammonium Chloride/Lactic Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent Pretreatment. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:19829-19839. [PMID: 31788615 PMCID: PMC6882130 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and feasible pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass waste is an important prerequisite step to promote subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and enhance the economics of biofuels production. This study focuses on the pretreatment of wheat straw (WS) with triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride/lactic acid (TEBAC/LA)-based deep eutectic solvents to enhance biomass fractionation and lignin extraction. Effects of pretreatment time, temperature, and TEBAC/LA molar ratio on pretreatment were evaluated systematically. Results suggested that 89.06 ± 1.05% of cellulose and 71.00 ± 1.03% of xylan were hydrolyzed with enzyme loadings of 35 FPU cellulase and 82 CBU β-glucosidase (per gram of dry biomass) after pretreatment by TEBAC/LA (1:9) at 373 K for 10 h. A total monosaccharide yield of 0.550 g/g WS (91.27% of the theoretical yield) was achieved with 79.73 ± 0.93% of lignin removal. Furthermore, the 1H-13C two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum correlation (2D-HSQC) NMR spectroscopy showed that the regenerated lignin (75.69 ± 1.32% purity) was mainly composed of the syringyl units and the guaiacyl units. Overall, the results in this study provide an effective and facile pretreatment method for lignocellulosic biomass waste to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis saccharification.
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Kalhor P, Ghandi K. Deep Eutectic Solvents for Pretreatment, Extraction, and Catalysis of Biomass and Food Waste. Molecules 2019; 24:E4012. [PMID: 31698717 PMCID: PMC6891572 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Valorization of lignocellulosic biomass and food residues to obtain valuable chemicals is essential to the establishment of a sustainable and biobased economy in the modern world. The latest and greenest generation of ionic liquids (ILs) are deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs); these have shown great promise for various applications and have attracted considerable attention from researchers who seek versatile solvents with pretreatment, extraction, and catalysis capabilities in biomass- and biowaste-to-bioenergy conversion processes. The present work aimed to review the use of DESs and NADESs in the valorization of biomass and biowaste as pretreatment or extraction solvents or catalysis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Kalhor
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Khashayar Ghandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Liu X, Wei W, Wu S. Synergism of organic acid and deep eutectic solvents pretreatment for the co-production of oligosaccharides and enhancing enzymatic saccharification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 290:121775. [PMID: 31319212 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel pretreatment using organic acid synergism with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was developed to the co-production of oligosaccharides, especially for the functional oligosaccharides, and enhancement of corn straws enzymatic saccharification. It was found that lactic acid (Lac) pretreatment combined with choline chloride/Lac system could not only selectively convert the hemicellulose to xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS), which account for 89.7% of total xylose in prehydrolysate (the functional XOS (DP < 5) took up about 35%), but also significantly promote the glucose release (33.2 g/100 g material) and well lignin separation (representing 40.9% in whole process), which better than the single organic pretreatment at higher modified severity index (SI). Structural features of various solids were characterized to better comprehend how hemicellulose and lignin removal influenced enzymatic hydrolysis. This work offered the mild and potential method to co-produce fermentable sugars with the effective separation and valorization of lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Weiqi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Shubin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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Chen Z, Jacoby WA, Wan C. Ternary deep eutectic solvents for effective biomass deconstruction at high solids and low enzyme loadings. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 279:281-286. [PMID: 30738354 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ternary deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were developed to enable rapid and high-solid biomass pretreatment as well as concentrated sugar hydrolysate production. Six ternary DESs constituted choline chloride (ChCl) or guanidine hydrochloride (GH) as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), ethylene glycol (EG) or propylene glycol (PG) or glycerin (GLY) as a polyol-based hydrogen bond donor (HBD), and p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) as an acidic HBD. GH-EG-PTSA was the most effective, evidenced by 79% xylan and 82% lignin removal in only 6 min at 120 °C and 10 wt% solid loading. Even at 35 wt% solid loading, both GH-EG-PTSA and ChCl-EG-PTSA still removed more than 60% xylan and lignin in 30 min. Using a 20% solid loading and a low enzyme loading of 5 mg protein/g solid, 128 g/L glucose and 20 g/L xylose was obtained, with a glucose yield of 78.4%. Overall, this study demonstrated novel and high-performance ternary DESs for effective lignocellulose deconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Chen
- Department of Biomedical, Bioengineering, and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA
| | - William A Jacoby
- Department of Biomedical, Bioengineering, and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA
| | - Caixia Wan
- Department of Biomedical, Bioengineering, and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA.
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Contreras MDM, Lama-Muñoz A, Manuel Gutiérrez-Pérez J, Espínola F, Moya M, Castro E. Protein extraction from agri-food residues for integration in biorefinery: Potential techniques and current status. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 280:459-477. [PMID: 30777702 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The biorefinery concept is attracting scientific and policy attention as a promising option for enhancing the benefits of agri-food biomass along with a reduction of the environmental impact. Obtaining bioproducts based on proteins from agri-food residues could help to diversify the revenue stream in a biorefinery. In fact, the extracted proteins can be applied as such or in the form of hydrolyzates due to their nutritional, bioactive and techno-functional properties. In this context, the present review summarizes, exemplifies and discusses conventional extraction methods and current trends to extract proteins from residues of the harvesting, post-harvesting and/or processing of important crops worldwide. Moreover, those extraction methods just integrated in a biorefinery scheme are also described. In conclusion, a plethora of methods exits but only some of them have been applied in biorefinery designs, mostly at laboratory scale. Their economic and technical feasibility at large scale requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Mar Contreras
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Lama-Muñoz
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - José Manuel Gutiérrez-Pérez
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain; Center for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco Espínola
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain; Center for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Manuel Moya
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain; Center for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Eulogio Castro
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain; Center for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
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