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Zeng S, Jang HM, Park S, Park S, Kan E. Effects of Mechanical Refining on Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Manure. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:16934-16942. [PMID: 34250352 PMCID: PMC8264835 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical refining (MR) is a cost-effective pretreatment in biochemical conversion processes that is employed to overcome biomass recalcitrance. This work studied the effects of MR on biogas and methane produced by the anaerobic digestion (AD) of dairy manure. The cumulative gas volume and yield from the AD of manure refined at 6k revolutions increased by 33.7 and 7.7% for methane and by 32.0 and 6.4% for biogas, respectively, compared to the unrefined manure. This enhancement was reached by increasing manure solubilization, reducing particle size, and achieving external fibrillation and internal delamination of fibers in manure. However, the highly refined manure (subjected to 60k revolutions) exhibited methane and biogas yields that were reduced by 9.5 and 1.5%, respectively. This decrease was observed because the pore structure was ruptured, and finely ground manure particles were aggregated together at high revolutions (60k), thereby inhibiting the release of organic matter from the manure. Therefore, this study indicates that the MR for pretreatment of dairy manure could have great potential for significantly enhancing AD of dairy manure. Further studies will include optimization of conditions of mechanical refining (i.e., mechanical intensity, process time), a continuous AD of dairy manure pretreated by the MR, and scale-up with cost evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengquan Zeng
- Department
of Biological and Agricultural Engineering & Texas A&M AgriLife
Research Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Hyun Min Jang
- Department
of Environmental Engineering and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghyun Park
- Department
of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State
University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
| | - Sunkyu Park
- Department
of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State
University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
| | - Eunsung Kan
- Department
of Biological and Agricultural Engineering & Texas A&M AgriLife
Research Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department
of Wildlife, Sustainability, and Ecosystem Sciences, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, Texas 76401, United States
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52
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Khan N, Chowdhary P, Gnansounou E, Chaturvedi P. Biochar and environmental sustainability: Emerging trends and techno-economic perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125102. [PMID: 33853722 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants including emerging contaminants are a growing concern worldwide. Organic wastes, such as food waste, compost, animal manure, crop residues, and sludge are generally used as feedstock. The conventional treatment methodologies (primary and secondary treatment process) do not mitigate or remove pollutants effectively. Hence, an effective, low-cost, and environmentally friendly tertiary treatment process is an urgent need. Biochar finds interesting applications in environmental processes like pollutant remediation, greenhouse gas mitigation, and wastewater treatment. Studies have shown that different types of adsorbents (biochars) like, native and engineered biochar are being used in the removal or mitigation of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls, pesticides, disinfectants, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and dibenzo-p-dioxins from contaminated sites for environmental management. The review discusses ample studieswhich can offer solutions for environmental sustenance and managementand the emerging trends and techno-economic prospectives of biochar for sustainable environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawaz Khan
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Chowdhary
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Edgard Gnansounou
- Bioenergy and Energy planning, IIC, ENAC, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Station 18, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Preeti Chaturvedi
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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53
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Leininger A, Ren ZJ. Circular utilization of food waste to biochar enhances thermophilic co-digestion performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125130. [PMID: 33857865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Codigestion is an emerging approach to improve wastewater sludge biogas production and valorize food waste (FW). This study explores FW-derived biochar as a codigestion amendment for the first time and reports a matrix experiment using four diverse biochar amendments (mixed food waste, pinewood, bonechar, unamended control) across four FW types (vegetable, rice, chicken, mixed). It demonstrated that biochar derived from mixed FW can greatly improve the performance of biogas production and yield relative to unamended control and other biochars. The mixed food waste (MFW) biochar amendment led to 34.5%, 35.6%, and 47.5% increase in methane production from mixed FW compared to biochars made of wood, bone and non-amendment control, and the maximum methane production rate of MFW biochar reactors could be up to 6.7-9.9 times of the control. These results suggest that a more circular utilization of FW by integrating biochar production with codigestion can bring great benefits to FW management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Leininger
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Zhiyong Jason Ren
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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54
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Su C, Tao AF, Zhao L, Wang P, Wang A, Huang X, Chen M. Roles of modified biochar in the performance, sludge characteristics, and microbial community features of anaerobic reactor for treatment food waste. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:144668. [PMID: 33513502 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a green technology widely applied to food waste treatment. Although the AD has high efficiency, instability often occurs. The main purpose of the study is to understand the mechanism of modified biochar improving AD performance. The effects of different modified biochar on the efficiency and microecology of an anaerobic reactor treating food waste were investigated. Bagasse biochar was used as the substrate to explore the effects of iron-modified (A), chitosan-modified (B), iron-chitosan-modified (C) and iron‑magnesium-chitosan-modified (D) biochar on the anaerobic digestion process, sludge characteristics and microbial community. The results show that the average COD removal efficiency of the four reactors during the last five days of the experimentation period was 86.95%, 85.90%, 92.22% and 93.29%, respectively. Adding iron‑magnesium-chitosan-modified biochar could improve the efficiency of COD removal in the anaerobic reactor under ammonia nitrogen stress. On day 10 of operation, the content of coenzyme F420 in the sludge of anaerobic reactors C and D reached to 0.44 and 0.57 mmol/g, respectively, indicating that the metal-chitosan complex biochar could promote the production of coenzyme F420 in the early stage of the experiment. Within the four anaerobic reactors, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi were the dominant bacteria, and the abundance of Chloroflexi reached a maximum of 26.24% in the reactor C. As for archaea, Methanobacterium and Methanothrix were the most dominant accounting for 44.03%, 49.88%, 31.29%, 52.01% and 38.34%, 34.52%, 50.9%, 35.72% respectively in the four reactors. KEGG functional analysis showed that the energy metabolism of bacteria and archaea in the reactor D was the largest among the four reactors. Meanwhile, the gene abundance associated with carbohydrate metabolism and membrane transport of microorganisms in the reactor D was greater than that of other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; University Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environmental Change of Guangxi Province (Guangxi Normal University), 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - AFeng Tao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Lijian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Anliu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Menglin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
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55
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Effect of Biochar Addition on the Microbial Community and Methane Production in the Rapid Degradation Process of Corn Straw. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14082223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion with corn straw faces the problems of difficult degradation, long fermentation time and acid accumulation in the high concentration of feedstocks. In order to speed up the process of methane production, corn straw treated with sodium hydroxide was used in thermophilic (50 °C) anaerobic digestion, and the effects of biochar addition on the performance of methane production and the microbial community were analyzed. The results showed that the cumulative methane production of all treatment groups reached over 75% of the theoretical methane yield in 7 days and the addition of 4% biochar increased the cumulative methane production by 6.75% compared to the control group. The addition of biochar also decreased the number of biogas and methane production peaks from 2 to 1, and had a positive effect on shortening the digestion start-up period and reducing the fluctuation of biogas production during the digestion process. The addition of 4% biochar increased the abundance of the bacterial family Peptococcaceae throughout the digestion period, promoting the hydrolysis rate of corn straw. The dominant archaeal genus Methanosarcina was significantly more abundant at the peak stage and the end of methane production with 4% biochar added compared to the control group.
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56
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Ma J, Chen F, Xue S, Pan J, Khoshnevisan B, Yang Y, Liu H, Qiu L. Improving anaerobic digestion of chicken manure under optimized biochar supplementation strategies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 325:124697. [PMID: 33461122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of chicken manure was carried out in this study basing on central composite design to identify the most optimal strategy for biochar supplementation. Model of cumulative methane production (CMP) was established by using response surface methodology. The optimal conditions predicted accordingly, including manure loading of 51.8 g VS/L, biochar dosage of 3.3% VSmanure, and cellulose loading of 98.0 g VS/L, were expected to maximize CMP, i.e., 294 mL/g VSmanure. The results also demonstrated that biochar dosage and its interaction with manure loading were key factors with significant impact on CMP. Biochar dosage higher than 3.5% VSmanure was observed to weaken the transformation of organic substances to methane. Higher dosage of biochar could considerably reduce concentration of organic acids, total ammonia nitrogen, as well as soluble salts. Verification experiment supported validity of the optimal strategy and provided data for cost assessment, which showed positive cost balances from biochar supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Ma
- Western Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fengfen Chen
- Western Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuaixing Xue
- Western Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Junting Pan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Benyamin Khoshnevisan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yadong Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Western Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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57
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Wang Q, Ren X, Sun Y, Zhao J, Awasthi MK, Liu T, Li R, Zhang Z. Improvement of the composition and humification of different animal manures by black soldier fly bioconversion. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2021; 278:123397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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58
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Shen R, Jing Y, Feng J, Zhao L, Yao Z, Yu J, Chen J, Chen R. Simultaneous carbon dioxide reduction and enhancement of methane production in biogas via anaerobic digestion of cornstalk in continuous stirred-tank reactors: The influences of biochar, environmental parameters, and microorganisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124146. [PMID: 32977099 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The composition of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion (AD) is typically not ideal due to high CO2 content. In the study, cottonwood biochar was used as an enhanced mediator for the continuously stirred tank reactor AD of cornstalk. The effects of substrate loading and biochar dosage on biogas composition, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), NH3-N, and microbial community characteristics were systematically explored. The results showed that the highest volumetric biogas production rate with biochar was 1.40 L/L/d, at the same time, the CO2 content in the biogas decreased by 5.90%, while the CH4 content increased by 7.40%, compared with the values in AD without biochar. Moreover, VFAs were degraded effectively, in particular, the propionic acid concentration decreased by 55.7%. Besides, microbial abundance had positive correlations with environmental parameters. This study could provide valuable information for both the elucidation of strengthening mechanisms of biochar and further large-scale engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Shen
- Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Yong Jing
- Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Lixin Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zonglu Yao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiadong Yu
- Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Jiankun Chen
- Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Runlu Chen
- Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China
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59
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Huang WH, Lee DJ, Huang C. Modification on biochars for applications: A research update. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124100. [PMID: 32950819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochars are the solid product of biomass under pyrolysis or gasification treatment, whose wholesale prices are lower than commercial activated carbons and other fine materials now in use. The employment of biochars as a renewable resource for field applications, if feasible, would gain apparent economic niche. Modification using physical or chemical protocol to revise the surface properties of biochar for reaching enhanced performances of target application has attracted great research interests. This article provided an overview of biochar application, particularly with the respect to the use of modified biochar as preferred soil amendment, adsorbent, electrochemical material, anaerobic digestion promotor, and catalyst. Based on literature works the current research trends and the prospects and research needs were outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Chihpin Huang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30009, Taiwan
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60
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Wang J, Hao X, Liu Z, Guo Z, Zhu L, Xiong B, Jiang D, Shen L, Li M, Kang B, Tang G, Bai L. Biochar improves heavy metal passivation during wet anaerobic digestion of pig manure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:635-644. [PMID: 32816179 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is regarded as an effective treatment to stabilize organic materials and recycle the energy in pig manure. In this study, 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7% biochar (based on dry weight) were added to pig manure to investigate its influence on improving biogas production and reducing heavy metal bioavailability. The potential ecological risk of heavy metals (namely Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, As, Cd, Pb, and Cr) in digestates was also assessed. Results show that the methane yield was significantly (P < 0.05) increased by 26.7%, 23.0%, and 26.4% following addition of 3%, 5%, and 7% biochar, respectively. Moreover, there was a significant change in the heavy metal speciation in amendment each group. The 5% biochar group showed the highest passivation rate of Ni, As, and Pb, while the highest passivation rate of Cd, Cr, Mn, and Zn was observed with 7% biochar. Although the anaerobic digestion process slightly increased the ecological risk of heavy metals, all tested digestates were still classified as a moderate risk. Results of this study can provide a reference for the treatment of heavy metal pollution in large- and medium-sized anaerobic digesters treating pig manure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Animal Environment Hygiene Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoxia Hao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Animal Environment Hygiene Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zile Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Animal Environment Hygiene Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zili Guo
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Animal Environment Hygiene Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Bangjie Xiong
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Animal Environment Hygiene Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Animal Environment Hygiene Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Linyuan Shen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Bo Kang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Animal Environment Hygiene Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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61
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Yin Q, Gu M, Wu G. Inhibition mitigation of methanogenesis processes by conductive materials: A critical review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 317:123977. [PMID: 32799079 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Methanogenesis can be promoted by the addition of conductive materials. Although stimulating effects of conductive materials on methane (CH4) production has been extensively reported, the crucial roles on recovering methanogenic activities under inhibitory conditions have not been systematically discussed. This critical review presents the current findings on the effects of conductive materials in methanogenic systems under volatile fatty acids (VFAs), ammonia, sulfate, and nano-cytotoxicity stressed conditions. Conductive materials induce fast VFAs degradation, avoiding VFAs accumulation during anaerobic digestion. Under high ammonia concentrations, conductive materials may ensure sufficient energy conservation for methanogens to maintain intracellular pH and proton balance. When encountering the competition of sulfate-reducing bacteria, conductive materials can benefit electron competitive capability of methanogens, recovering CH4 production activity. Conductive nanomaterials stimulate the excretion of extracellular polymeric substances, which can prevent cells from nano-cytotoxicity. Future perspectives about unraveling mitigation mechanisms induced by conductive materials in methanogenesis processes are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidong Yin
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengqi Gu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangxue Wu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.
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62
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Xu S, Wang C, Duan Y, Wong JWC. Impact of pyrochar and hydrochar derived from digestate on the co-digestion of sewage sludge and swine manure. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 314:123730. [PMID: 32615446 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Four kinds of biochar were obtained by pyrolysis carbonization and hydrothermal carbonization from swine manure digestate, i.e. pyrochar (HC, HC-Fe) and hydrochar (HTC, HTC-Fe). Batch fermentation was conducted to compare their effects on the co-digestion of sewage sludge and swine manure. Both pyrochar and hydrochar present positive effect on methane production, nevertheless the higher methane yields were obtained in HTC and HTC-Fe digesters. No advantage was observed for the iron impregnation. The maximum methane yield was 308.4 mL/g VS in HTC digester, which was 27% and 49% higher than HC and Control, respectively. The surface functional groups of hydrochar are more abundant than pyrochar, which is favorable for promoting the syntrophic anaerobic metabolism, as revealed by the promoted substrate hydrolysis and VFAs consumption rate. Thus, it is proposed to convert swine manure digestate to hydrochar, which can be recirculated back to the AD reactor to increase the digestion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyun Xu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, China
| | - Chongyang Wang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, China
| | - Yuting Duan
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, China
| | - Jonathan Woon-Chung Wong
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture and Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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63
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Wang G, Li Y, Sheng L, Xing Y, Liu G, Yao G, Ngo HH, Li Q, Wang XC, Li YY, Chen R. A review on facilitating bio-wastes degradation and energy recovery efficiencies in anaerobic digestion systems with biochar amendment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 314:123777. [PMID: 32665106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this review, progress in the potential mechanisms of biochar amendment for AD performance promotion was summarized. As adsorbents, biochar was beneficial for alleviating microbial toxicity, accelerating refractory substances degradation, and upgrading biogas quality. The buffering capacity of biochar balanced pH decreasing caused by volatile fatty acids accumulation. Moreover, biochar regulated microbial metabolism by boosting activities, mediating electron transfer between syntrophic partners, and enriching functional microbes. Recent studies also suggested biochar as potential useful additives for membrane fouling alleviation in anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR). By analyzing the reported performances based on different operation models or substrate types, debatable issues and associated research gaps of understanding the real role of biochar in AD were critically discussed. Accordingly, Future perspectives of developing biochar-amended AD technology for real-world applications were elucidated. Lastly, with biochar-amended AD as a core process, a novel integrated scheme was proposed towards high-efficient energy-resource recovery from various bio-wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaojun Wang
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yu Li
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Li Sheng
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yao Xing
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Guohao Liu
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Gaofei Yao
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Qian Li
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
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Pytlak A, Kasprzycka A, Szafranek-Nakonieczna A, Grządziel J, Kubaczyński A, Proc K, Onopiuk P, Walkiewicz A, Polakowski C, Gałązka A, Lalak-Kańczugowska J, Stępniewska Z, Bieganowski A. Biochar addition reinforces microbial interspecies cooperation in methanation of sugar beet waste (pulp). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 730:138921. [PMID: 32388369 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biogas production and microbial community structure were analyzed as an effect of biochar addition to a fermentation sludge containing sugar beet pulp. Positive effects of the treatment including an increase in process efficiency and better biogas quality were noted. The effect of biochar on AD (anaerobic digestion process) microbial communities was investigated after total DNA extraction from biochar-amended fermentation mixtures by PCR amplification of bacterial 16S rRNA gene fragments and Illumina amplicon sequencing. A combination of microbiological and physico-chemical analyses was used to study the mechanism by which biochar influences the process of anaerobic digestion of sugar beep pulp. It was found that the main reason of the changes in biogas production was the reshaping of the microbial communities, in particular enrichment of Bacteroidales and Clostridiales. It was proposed that biochar, in addition to being a conductor for mediating interspecies electron transfer, serves also as a habitat for hydrolytic bacteria. It was elucidated that the main driving force for the preferential colonization of biochar surfaces is its hydrophobicity. The presented research indicates the high potential of biochar to stimulate the methane fermentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pytlak
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Kasprzycka
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Szafranek-Nakonieczna
- Institute of Biological Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 I, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jarosław Grządziel
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute (IUNG-PIB), Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Adam Kubaczyński
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kinga Proc
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paulina Onopiuk
- Institute of Biological Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 I, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Walkiewicz
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Cezary Polakowski
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Gałązka
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute (IUNG-PIB), Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Justyna Lalak-Kańczugowska
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Zofia Stępniewska
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 I, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Bieganowski
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
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65
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Xu S, Wang C, Sun Y, Luo L, Wong JWC. Assessing the stability of co-digesting sewage sludge with pig manure under different mixing ratios. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 114:299-306. [PMID: 32683245 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the digester stability and overall methane production of co-digestion of sewage sludge (SS) and pig manure (PM). Four different ratios of PM were mixed with SS to reach different final concentrations of total solids (TS), i.e. 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%. Volatile solids (VS) reduction rate decreased along with an increase in TS%, and the maximum cumulative methane yield of 342 mL/g VSrem was obtained in treatment with TS of 6%. When TS was ≥ 8%, accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), free ammonium nitrogen (FAN) and total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) were observed. At a TS content of 10%, VFAs accumulated to > 20000 mg/L and the highest FAN was 481 mg/L. The suppression of methanogenesis was negatively correlated with FAN and VFA/TIC (P < 0.05). Co-digestion demonstrated to be an effective way to improve the methane yield from SS due to the enriched biodegradable organic substance and more balanced C/N ratio by incorporating PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyun Xu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Chongyang Wang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Liwen Luo
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture and Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jonathan Woon-Chung Wong
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture and Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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66
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Dróżdż D, Wystalska K, Malińska K, Grosser A, Grobelak A, Kacprzak M. Management of poultry manure in Poland - Current state and future perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 264:110327. [PMID: 32217329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This review aimed to analyse the current state of management practices for poultry manure in Poland and present future perspectives in terms of technologies allowing closing the loops for circular economy, and thus recovery of nutrients and energy. The scope of the review focused primarily on: (1) the analysis of poultry production and generation of poultry manure with special references to quantities, properties (e.g. fertilizing properties), seasonality, etc.; (2) the overview of current practices and methods for managing poultry manure including advantages and limitations; (3) the analysis of potential and realistic threats and risk related to managing poultry manure, and also (4) the analysis of promising technologies for converting poultry manure into added value products and energy. The review addressed the following technologies: composting of poultry manure to obtain fertilizers and soil improvers, anaerobic digestion of poultry manure for energy recovery, and also pyrolysis of poultry manure into different types of biochar that can be applied in agriculture, horticulture and industry. Poultry manure is rich in macro- and micronutrients but also can contain various contaminants such as antibiotics or pesticides, and thus posing a realistic threat to soil and living organisms when applied to soil directly or after biological treatment. The main challenge in poultry manure processing is to assure sufficient closing of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous loops and safe application to soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Dróżdż
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Częstochowa University of Technology, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Wystalska
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Częstochowa University of Technology, Poland.
| | - Krystyna Malińska
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Częstochowa University of Technology, Poland.
| | - Anna Grosser
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Częstochowa University of Technology, Poland.
| | - Anna Grobelak
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Częstochowa University of Technology, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Kacprzak
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Częstochowa University of Technology, Poland.
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67
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Qin Y, Yin X, Xu X, Yan X, Bi F, Wu W. Specific surface area and electron donating capacity determine biochar's role in methane production during anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 303:122919. [PMID: 32035388 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The addition of biochar derived from different materials can have varying effects on anaerobic digestion (AD), depending on its physicochemical properties. Physicochemical properties of biochars, biomethanization performance and microbial communities were examined to evaluate the effectiveness of biochars made from different plant wastes on AD in this study. Results showed that all biochars significantly reduce the lag phases during AD, compared with a control treatment (CK). Woody biochars particularly performed much better than herbal ones. Correlation analysis revealed that specific surface area (SSA) and electron donating capacity (EDC) were the key properties of the plant-feedstock-derived biochar in AD enhancement. Microbial community structure analysis showed that higher SSA and EDC are conducive for the growth of bacteria decomposing glucose, further promoting daily methane production in the early AD stage. The results indicate that it is important to select biochar with higher SSA and EDC to enhance biomethanization in AD systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Qin
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Technology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaosi Yin
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Technology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingkun Xu
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Technology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangrui Yan
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Technology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Bi
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Technology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weixiang Wu
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Technology, Zhejiang, China.
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68
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Baltrėnas P, Kolodynskij V. Experimental research of efficiency of semi-continuous and periodic biogas production processes by using chicken manure bioloadings. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:722-730. [PMID: 31665805 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Semi-continuous and periodic biogas production processes were investigated. Dry chicken manure containing 40.0 ± 0.5% volatile solids (VS) was used for the production of bioloading. Semi-continuous operation bioreactor and periodic bioreactor were used to implement research. Bioloading was additionally supplemented with newly prepared parts by removing 10% of decomposed mass and by adding the same amount of preheated mass every 7 days (semi-continuous process). The process was periodic when the mass was completely decomposed (after 45 days of the experiment) and fully removed (bioreactor was loaded with a new portion of raw material to 100% of the working volume again). Total duration of both experiments was 90 days. The results show that biogas production by semi-continuous process is more effective than periodic process due to higher total biogas yield (up to 39.7%) and higher methane yield (up to 33.5%). The maximum concentration of CH4 was determined during the periodic biogas production process, but the difference was only up to 2.1% (68.9% and 66.8%, respectively). Since the produced biogas had quite high average CO2 and H2 S concentrations (<40.0% and 2.1 g/m3 , respectively), it is recommended to use filter-adsorbers or biofilters. According to the results, semi-continuous type bioreactor is more effective than periodic. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Maximum CH4 concentration in biogas, produced during periodic process, is 2.1% higher than during the semi-continuous process. Average CH4 concentration in biogas, produced during periodic and semi-continuous process, reaches 52.7% and 53.0%, respectively. Biogas and methane yield (during periodic process) is 39.7% and 33.5% lower than during the semi-continuous process. CH4 concentration decreases (after supplement) about 6.0%-7.0% (during the semi-continuous process), but increases to the next cyclic bioloading supplement. Semi-continuous biogas production process is more efficient than periodic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranas Baltrėnas
- Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vitalij Kolodynskij
- Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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69
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Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Oil Sludge with Corn Stover for Efficient Biogas Production. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12051861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion for the utilization of oil sludge was verified using corn stover, to assess the influence of different raw material ratios and inoculum volumes on the properties of the generated gas. The anaerobic co-digestion method is a novel treatment technology, which may help to solve the problem of pollution by hazardous waste oil sand from the oil exploitation and smelting process. Results showed that single-oil sludge was not suitable for gas production as a digestive substrate due to the lack of organic materials and possible hazardous materials. With the increase in the quality of exogenous organic matter (corn stover), the cumulative gas production volume was proportional to the amount of corn stover material added. It was established that when the mass ratio of corn stover to oil sludge was 4:1, the gas production performance was optimal, with a cumulative gas yield of 1222.5 mL using an inoculum volume of 30 mL. The results of this study provide a fundamental parameter baseline for the treatment of oil sludge and the improvement of gas production efficiency.
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70
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Indren M, Birzer CH, Kidd SP, Hall T, Medwell PR. Effects of biochar parent material and microbial pre-loading in biochar-amended high-solids anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 298:122457. [PMID: 31862677 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study characterises the effect of biochar (pyrolysed biomass) produced from wood pellets, wheat straw and sheep manure on high-solids anaerobic digestion (HSAD) of poultry litter. Also, pre-loading biochar with microorganisms before addition to HSADs was investigated. The addition of wood pellet biochar provides a 32% increase to the methane yield compared with control digesters. The addition of biochar produced from either wheat straw or sheep manure has detrimental effects on digester performance compared with controls. The addition of wood pellet biochar pre-loaded by placing it in a high-solids digester for 90 days provides a 69% increase in the total methane yield, 44% increase in the peak daily methane yield and a 33% reduction in the lag time compared with controls. This study highlighted a need for careful selection of parent material for biochar production and, for the first time, the opportunities to re-use wood pellet biochar for further improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathu Indren
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Humanitarian and Development Solutions Initiative, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Cristian H Birzer
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Humanitarian and Development Solutions Initiative, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Stephen P Kidd
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Humanitarian and Development Solutions Initiative, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Tony Hall
- Faculty of Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Paul R Medwell
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Humanitarian and Development Solutions Initiative, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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71
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Cimon C, Kadota P, Eskicioglu C. Effect of biochar and wood ash amendment on biochemical methane production of wastewater sludge from a temperature phase anaerobic digestion process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122440. [PMID: 31787514 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical methane production (BMP) assays of acidified municipal sludge were conducted with local char (biochar and wood ash) in granular (0.85-4.75 mm) and powdered (<0.075 mm) form. The effects of char addition on BMP were investigated under high acid stress conditions at substrate to inoculum ratios of 2.2, 3.2 and 4.4 g volatile solids (VS)/g-VS and char dosages of 0.2-3.7 g/g-VSsubstrate. Powdered biochar at dosage of 0.8-3.7 g/g-VSsubstrate achieved the highest improvement in rate of methane production with 192-461% increase from controls, in the first 16 days. This increase was followed by an early stationary methane production phase and a reduction of total methane yield by up to 25%. Results indicated that the early plateau could be caused by adsorption of volatile fatty acids by the biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Cimon
- UBC Bioreactor Technology Group, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Canada
| | - Paul Kadota
- Liquid Waste Services, Metro Vancouver, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cigdem Eskicioglu
- UBC Bioreactor Technology Group, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Canada.
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72
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Indren M, Birzer CH, Kidd SP, Medwell PR. Effect of total solids content on anaerobic digestion of poultry litter with biochar. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 255:109744. [PMID: 31756577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Methane production via anaerobic digestion of poultry litter provides a pathway for energy production from an abundant waste product. Recent studies have shown the use of biochar (pyrolysed biomass) can decrease methane production lag times and increase peak daily yields from ammonia-stressed low-solids anaerobic digesters. Due to the variety of feedstocks and digester configurations used, research to date has not yet determined the effect of biochar addition as a function of the digester total solids content. This study shows the addition of biochar reduces the lag time by a greater percentage in the digesters with a higher total solids content. There was a 17%, 27% and 41% reduction lag time due to biochar addition at total solids contents of 5%, 10% and 20%, respectively. The peak daily methane yield increased by 136% at 10% total solids. There was no significant increase in the peak yield at 5% total solids, while there was a 46% increase at 20% total solids. Real-time PCR analysis confirms the Methanosaetaceae family, which is a key methanogen due to its ability to facilitate direct interspecies electron transfer while attached to biochar, preferentially attaches to biochar. Furthermore, this research shows the attachment of the Methanosaetaceae family, does not decrease with increasing total solids content. A potential negative effect of biochar addition, a reduced volumetric efficiency, can be negated by using a shorter retention time. This new understanding will help to improve predictions of the impact of biochar addition for new digester designs operating in semi-solids and high-solids conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathu Indren
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; Humanitarian and Development Solutions Initiative, The University of Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
| | - Cristian H Birzer
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; Humanitarian and Development Solutions Initiative, The University of Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Stephen P Kidd
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; Humanitarian and Development Solutions Initiative, The University of Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Paul R Medwell
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; Humanitarian and Development Solutions Initiative, The University of Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
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73
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Sun X, Atiyeh HK, Li M, Chen Y. Biochar facilitated bioprocessing and biorefinery for productions of biofuel and chemicals: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 295:122252. [PMID: 31669180 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is traditionally used to improve soil properties in arable land and as adsorbent or precursor of activated carbon in wastewater treatment. Recent advances have shown biochar potentials in enhancing productions of biofuels and chemicals such as bio-ethanol, butanol, methane, hydrogen, bio-diesel, hydrocarbons and carboxylic acids. The properties of biochar such as high levels of porosity, functional groups, cation exchange capacity, pH buffering capacity, electron conductivity, and macro-/micro- nutrients (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, etc.) provide appropriate conditions to relieve physicochemical stresses on microorganisms through pH buffering, detoxification, nutrients supply, serving as electron carrier and supportive microbial habitats. This paper critically reviewed biochar production and characteristics, biochar utilization in anaerobic digestion, composting, microbial fermentation, hydrolysate detoxification, catalysis in biomass refinery and biodiesel synthesis. This review provides novel vision of biochar application, which could guide future research towards cleaner and more economic production of renewable fuels and bio-based chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul 55108, MN, USA.
| | - Hasan K Atiyeh
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078, OK, USA
| | - Mengxing Li
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583, NE, USA
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
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74
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Zhang M, Li J, Wang Y, Yang C. Impacts of different biochar types on the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. RSC Adv 2019; 9:42375-42386. [PMID: 35542855 PMCID: PMC9076595 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08700a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of nine types of biochar generated from three different feedstocks on the anaerobic digestion (AD) of sewage sludge was investigated. The obtained results indicated that methane production could be significantly enhanced by all types of biochar used in the test. The maximum cumulative methane yield of 218.45 L per kg VS was obtained for the culture with corn straws pyrolyzed at 600 °C which also exhibited the largest specific surface area. Adding an appropriate amount of biochar was beneficial to improve the cumulative methane yield, while excessive addition could inhibit the AD process. Biochar could also enhance AD process stability by increasing buffering capacity, releasing volatile fatty acid accumulation and alleviating ammonia inhibition. Simultaneously, microbial community analysis revealed that biochar addition was able to improve the diversity of archaeal community and adjust the microbial communities. It was notable that biochar treatment facilitated the aceticlastic methanogens (Methanosarcina) compared to the hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Overall, biochar addition could be an ideal approach that is not only expected to successfully improve the performance of AD, but also lay a new path for future biomass energy utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Center for Ecophronetic Practice Research, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-65986707 +86-21-65980253
| | - Jianhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-65986313 +86-21-55962975
| | - Yuncai Wang
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Center for Ecophronetic Practice Research, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-65986707 +86-21-65980253
| | - Changming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-65986313 +86-21-55962975
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75
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Wu B, Yang Q, Yao F, Chen S, He L, Hou K, Pi Z, Yin H, Fu J, Wang D, Li X. Evaluating the effect of biochar on mesophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge and microbial diversity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 294:122235. [PMID: 31610493 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study compared the effects of sewage sludge-derived pyrochar (PC300, PC500, and PC700) and hydrochar (HC180, HC240, and HC300) on mesophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS). It was demonstrated that hydrochar can better promote the methane production compared with pyrochar. The highest accumulative methane yield of 132.04 ± 4.41 mL/g VSadded was obtained with HC180 addition. In contrast, the PC500 and PC700 showed a slightly negative effect on methane production. Sludge-derived HC not only accelerated the solubilization and hydrolysis of sludge floc, but also improved the production of acetic acid and propionate, further resulting in improved methane production. Simultaneously, the syntrophic microbes facilitating direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) such as Syntrophomonas, Peptococcaceae, Methanosaeta and Methanobacterium bred rapidly with the addition of HCs. These results indicated that the hydrochar is more ideal as the accelerant to promote the methane production from mesophilic anaerobic digestion of WAS than the pyrochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Fubing Yao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Shengjie Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Li He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Kunjie Hou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhoujie Pi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huanyu Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jing Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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76
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Thang PQ, Jitae K, Giang BL, Viet NM, Huong PT. Potential application of chicken manure biochar towards toxic phenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol in wastewaters. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 251:109556. [PMID: 31541848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, chicken manure biochar (CBC) was prepared and applied as adsorbent for the removal of phenolic pollutants including phenol (Ph) and 2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) from wastewaters. The feasibility analysis was focused on the adsorption effects of various factors, such as initial concentration, adsorbent dosage and reaction time. The results showed that BC could efficiently remove the Ph and DNP within 90 min of reaction time. Increasing of CBC dosage up to 0.3 g results in the maximum removal efficiency of Ph and DNP and lowers initial concentration which is beneficial for the adsorption of phenolic compounds. The second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm provided the best correlation with the adsorption data. Based on the Langmuir isotherm, maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) of Ph and DNP were found at 106.2 and 148.1 mg g-1, respectively. The obtained qmax values for CB were higher than those reported in literature on the adsorption of Ph and DNP using different biochar. Analyzing the regeneration characteristics, BC displayed high reusability with less than 20% loss in adsorption capacities of Ph and DNP, even after five repeated cycles. Investigation of the adsorption equilibrium under various conditions suggested several possible interaction mechanisms, including hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction and π- π bonding, which were attributed to the binding affinity of the adsorbent-adsorbate interaction. In the field application, the CBC showed an excellent removal efficiencies of Ph and DNP from industrial wastewaters (around 80% phenolic pollutants were removed). These findings support the potential use of CBC as effective adsorbent for treatment of wastewater containing Ph and DNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phan Quang Thang
- Division of Computational Mathematics and Engineering, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Faculty of Environment & Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Kim Jitae
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.
| | - Bach Long Giang
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh Street, Dist. 4, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - N M Viet
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Huong
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.
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77
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Ma J, Pan J, Qiu L, Wang Q, Zhang Z. Biochar triggering multipath methanogenesis and subdued propionic acid accumulation during semi-continuous anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122026. [PMID: 31449922 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The semi-continuous anaerobic digestion (AD) performances of dry chicken manure (DCM) were investigated at the temperature of 35 ± 1 °C with and without biochar. The average specific methane productions of 0.18 L/g VSadded and 0.17 L/g VSadded were achieved without biochar at the organic loading rate (OLR) of 3.125 and 6.25 g VS/L/d, respectively. An increase of 12% in methane production was obtained in the presence of biochar at the two operational OLRs. Accumulation of propionic acid was observed associating with AD of DCM, which was substantially alleviated by biochar supplement. The buffer capacity of biochar was supposed to develop through strengthening the buffer system established by NH4+ and volatile fatty acids. Methanosarcina that can utilize multiple nutrients for methanogenesis was the dominant archaea in the presence of biochar, while the strictly aceticlastic Methanosaeta was dominant in control digester. These results suggest that biochar enhanced methanogenesis through intensifying its available pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Ma
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Western Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Junting Pan
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Western Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Quan Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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78
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Yin Q, Wu G. Advances in direct interspecies electron transfer and conductive materials: Electron flux, organic degradation and microbial interaction. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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79
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Pan J, Ma J, Zhai L, Luo T, Mei Z, Liu H. Achievements of biochar application for enhanced anaerobic digestion: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:122058. [PMID: 31488335 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) and pyrolysis are two promising technologies used worldwide for waste biomass treatment. Interests on intensification techniques of AD has been increasing to obtain sufficient and sustainable methane production with stable digester performance. For instance, considerable attention has been devoted to the coupling of AD with biochar, which is produced by biomass thermochemical conversion. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review about recent achievements in enhancing AD efficiency with the utilization of biochar. The key roles of biochar include enhancing and equilibrating hydrolysis, acidogenesis-acetogenesis, and methanogenesis, as well as alleviating inhibitor stress were summarized. Biochar can promote biomethane process mainly by serving as a provision for bioelectrical connections between fermentative bacteria and methanogens, a support for microbial colonies, and a reinforcer for buffer capacity. Through an overview of the early applications, this paper aims to pinpoint the potential mechanism and future explorative directions of biochar enhancing AD performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Pan
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, PR China
| | - Junyi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, PR China; College of Mechanic and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, PR China
| | - Limei Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, PR China
| | - Tao Luo
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture (BIOMA), 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zili Mei
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture (BIOMA), 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, PR China.
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80
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Li J, Wachemo AC, Yuan H, Zuo X, Li X. Natural freezing-thawing pretreatment of corn stalk for enhancing anaerobic digestion performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 288:121518. [PMID: 31174084 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Natural freezing-thawing (NFT) was proposed as a low energy input and alternative pretreatment method for high biomethane production from corn stalk (CS) by anaerobic digestion (AD). The CS was pretreated by freezing-thawing in winter season using different pretreatment time periods (7d, 14d, 21d and 28d) and solid-to-liquid ratios (1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8 and 1:10). The results showed that CS pretreated for 21d coupled with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:6 achieved the best result among all pretreatment conditions. In this case, the biomethane yield and VS removal rate of CS reached the highest values of 253 mL·gvs-1 and 58.6%, respectively, which were 40.5% and 27.4% higher than that of the untreated. It was also found that the predominant bacterial and archaeal at genus level in AD were Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 (36.1%) and Methanobacterium (54.0%), respectively. This study provided that NFT is a simple pretreatment strategy for efficient AD bioconversion of CS to biomethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Akiber Chufo Wachemo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China; Department of Water Supply and Environmental Engineering, Arba Minch University, P.O. Box 21, Arba, Ethiopia
| | - Hairong Yuan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Zuo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xiujin Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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Akyol Ç, Ince O, Ince B. Crop-based composting of lignocellulosic digestates: Focus on bacterial and fungal diversity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 288:121549. [PMID: 31152953 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, organic matter degradation and microbial diversity were assessed during the composting of lignocellulose-rich digestates. Digestates were collected based on each crop type during anaerobic co-digestion of cow manure and barley, triticale, wheat and rye. Bacterial and fungal diversity in digestate composting systems were determined by 16S and 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, respectively. Crop-based composting of anaerobic digestates showed similar process trends in terms of pH, temperature, moisture content (MC) and C:N ratio. The properties of final compost products were in accordance with the national legislations regarding soil applications, except MC, which were therefore air-dried before being amended to soil. Most abundant bacterial genera were represented by Luteimonas, Bacillus, Ochrobactrum and Thermobifida. Meanwhile, Thermomyces, Aspergillus, Galactomyces and Neurospora were detected as the predominant fungal genera in all compost samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağrı Akyol
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Boğaziçi University, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orhan Ince
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Bahar Ince
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Boğaziçi University, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
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Hoslett J, Ghazal H, Ahmad D, Jouhara H. Removal of copper ions from aqueous solution using low temperature biochar derived from the pyrolysis of municipal solid waste. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 673:777-789. [PMID: 31003106 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable methods to produce filter materials are needed to remove a variety of pollutants found in water including organic compounds, heavy metals, and other harmful inorganic and biological contaminants. This study focuses on the removal of Cu(II) from copper aqueous solutions using non-activated char derived from the pyrolysis of mixed municipal discarded materials (MMDM) using a new heat pipe-based pyrolysis reactor. Adsorption experiments were conducted by adding the char to copper solutions of varying concentration (50-250 mg/L) at a constant temperature of 30 °C. The effect of pH on copper adsorption onto the char was also investigated in the range of pH 3 to 6. Copper removal using the char was found to be heavily dependent on pH, adsorption was observed to decrease below a pH of 4.5. However, the initial copper concentration had a little effect on the sorption of copper at high concentration solutions (above 100 mg/L). Overall, the biochar showed an effective copper adsorption capacity (4-5 mg/g) when using copper solutions with a concentration below100 mg/L and pH >4.5. Copper removal using the char tended to follow the pseudo second order kinetic model. Langmuir isothermal model was shown to be the closest fitting isotherm using the linearized Langmuir equation. However, the variety of feedstock used to produce the char led to a variation in results compared to other studies of more specific feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hoslett
- College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Heba Ghazal
- School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston Upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Darem Ahmad
- College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Hussam Jouhara
- College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK.
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The Effect of Biochar Addition on the Biogas Production Kinetics from the Anaerobic Digestion of Brewers’ Spent Grain. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12081518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) addition is a novel and promising method for biogas yield increase. Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is an abundant organic waste with a large potential for biogas production. In this research, for the first time, we test the feasibility of increasing biogas yield and rate from BSG digestion by adding BC, which was produced from BSG via torrefaction (low-temperature pyrolysis). Furthermore, we explore the digestion of BSG with the presence BCs produced from BSG via torrefaction (low-temperature pyrolysis). The proposed approach creates two alternative waste-to-energy and waste-to-carbon type utilization pathways for BSG: (1) digestion of BSG waste to produce biogas and (2) torrefaction of BSG to produce BC used for digestion. Torrefaction extended the short utility lifetime of BSG waste turned into BC. BSG was digested in the presence of BC with BC to BSG + BC weight ratio from 0 to 50%. The study was conducted during 21 days under mesophilic conditions in n = 3 trials. The content of dry mass 17.6% in all variants was constant. The kinetics results for pure BSG (0% BC) were: reaction rate constant (k) 1.535 d−1, maximum production of biogas (B0) 92.3 dm3∙kg−1d.o.m. (d.o.m. = dry organic matter), and biogas production rate (r), 103.1 dm3∙kg−1d.o.m.∙d−1. his preliminary research showed that the highest (p < 0.05) r, 227 dm3∙kg−1d.o.m.∙d−1 was due to the 5% BC addition. This production rate was significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared with all other treatments (0, 1, 3, 8, 10, 20, 30, and 50% BC dose). Due to the high variability observed between replicates, no significant differences could be detected between all the assays amended with BC and the variant 0% BC. However, a significant decrease of B0 from 85.1 to 61.0 dm3∙kg−1d.o.m. in variants with the high biochar addition (20–50% BC) was observed in relation to 5% BC (122 dm3∙kg−1d.o.m.), suggesting that BC overdose inhibits biogas production from the BSG + BC mixture. The reaction rate constant (k) was not improved by BC, and the addition of 10% and 20% BC even decreased k relatively to the 0% variant. A significant decrease of k was also observed for the doses of 10%, 20%, and 30% when compared with the 5% BC (1.89 d−1) assays.
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