51
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Zhan D, Li X, Nepomnyashchii AB, Alpuche-Aviles MA, Fan FRF, Bard AJ. Characterization of Ag+ toxicity on living fibroblast cells by the ferrocenemethanol and oxygen response with the scanning electrochemical microscope. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2012.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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52
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Guerrette JP, Percival SJ, Zhang B. Fluorescence Coupling for Direct Imaging of Electrocatalytic Heterogeneity. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 135:855-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ja310401b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Guerrette
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Stephen J. Percival
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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53
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Cornut R, Poirier S, Mauzeroll J. Forced convection during feedback approach curve measurements in scanning electrochemical microscopy: maximal displacement velocity with a microdisk. Anal Chem 2012; 84:3531-7. [PMID: 22385037 DOI: 10.1021/ac203047d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), an approach curve performed in feedback mode involves the downward displacement of a microelectrode toward a substrate while applying a bias to detect dissolved electroactive species at a diffusion-limited rate. The resulting measured current is said to be at steady state. In order to reduce the required measurement time, the approach velocity can be increased. In this paper, we investigate experimentally and theoretically the combination of diffusion and convection processes related to a moving microdisk electrode during feedback approaches. Transient modeling and numerical simulations with moving boundaries are performed, and the results are compared to the experimental approach curves obtained in aqueous solution. The geometry and misalignment of the microelectrode influence the experimental approach curves recorded at high approach velocities. The effects are discussed through the decomposition of the current into transient diffusional, radial convectional, and axial convectional contributions. Finally a ready-to-use expression is provided to rapidly evaluate the maximal approach velocity for steady state measurements as a function of the microelectrode geometry and the physical properties of the media. This expression holds for the more restrictive case of negative feedback as well as other modes, such as SECM approach curves performed at substrates displaying first order kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cornut
- Department of Chemistry, NanoQAM Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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54
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Zhang MMN, Long YT, Ding Z. Filming a live cell by scanning electrochemical microscopy: label-free imaging of the dynamic morphology in real time. Chem Cent J 2012; 6:20. [PMID: 22436305 PMCID: PMC3338092 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-6-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The morphology of a live cell reflects the organization of the cytoskeleton and the healthy status of the cell. We established a label-free platform for monitoring the changing morphology of live cells in real time based on scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The dynamic morphology of a live human bladder cancer cell (T24) was revealed by time-lapse SECM with dissolved oxygen in the medium solution as the redox mediator. Detailed local movements of cell membrane were presented by time-lapse cross section lines extracted from time-lapse SECM. Vivid dynamic morphology is presented by a movie made of time-lapse SECM images. The morphological change of the T24 cell by non-physiological temperature is in consistence with the morphological feature of early apoptosis. To obtain dynamic cellular morphology with other methods is difficult. The non-invasive nature of SECM combined with high resolution realized filming the movements of live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Meng-Ni Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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55
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Cisplatin effects on evolution of reactive oxygen species from single human bladder cancer cells investigated by scanning electrochemical microscopy. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 108:115-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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56
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Tabares JSF, Blas ML, Sereno LE, Silber JJ, Correa NM, Molina PG. Electrochemistry in large unilamellar vesicles. The distribution of 1-naphthol studied by square wave voltammetry. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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57
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Kuss S, Cornut R, Beaulieu I, Mezour MA, Annabi B, Mauzeroll J. Assessing multidrug resistance protein 1-mediated function in cancer cell multidrug resistance by scanning electrochemical microscopy and flow cytometry. Bioelectrochemistry 2011; 82:29-37. [PMID: 21620781 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2011.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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58
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Shevchuk AI, Novak P, Takahashi Y, Clarke R, Miragoli M, Babakinejad B, Gorelik J, Korchev YE, Klenerman D. Realizing the biological and biomedical potential of nanoscale imaging using a pipette probe. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 6:565-75. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells naturally operate on the nanoscale level, with molecules combining together to form complex molecular machines, which can work together to enable normal cell function or go wrong as in the case of many diseases. Visualizing these key processes on the nanoscale has been difficult and two main approaches have been used to date; nanometer resolution imaging of fixed cells using electron microscopy, or imaging live cells using optical or fluorescence microscopy, with a resolution of a few hundred nanometers. Scanning probe microscopy has the potential to allow live cells to be imaged at nanoscale resolution and a noncontact method based on the use of a nanopipette probe has been developed over the last 10 years that allows both topographic and functional imaging. The rapid progress in this area of research over the last 4 years is reviewed in this article, which shows that imaging of complex cellular structures and tissues is now possible and that these methods are now sufficiently mature to provide new insights into important diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pavel Novak
- Division of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Department of Cardiac Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | | | - Richard Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Michele Miragoli
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Department of Cardiac Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | | | - Julia Gorelik
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Department of Cardiac Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Yuri E Korchev
- Division of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
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59
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Beaulieu I, Kuss S, Mauzeroll J, Geissler M. Biological scanning electrochemical microscopy and its application to live cell studies. Anal Chem 2011; 83:1485-92. [PMID: 21214262 DOI: 10.1021/ac101906a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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60
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Scanning electrochemical microscopy measurements of photopolymerized poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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61
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Zhao X, Diakowski PM, Ding Z. Deconvoluting Topography and Spatial Physiological Activity of Live Macrophage Cells by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy in Constant-Distance Mode. Anal Chem 2010; 82:8371-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101524v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Piotr M. Diakowski
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5B7
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62
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Xue Y, Lei J, Xu X, Ding L, Zhai C, Yan F, Ju H. Real-time monitoring of cell viability by its nanoscale height change with oxygen as endogenous indicator. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:7388-90. [PMID: 20830337 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc01700k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A method for real-time evaluation of cell viability was developed by using oxygen as an endogenous indicator in scanning electrochemical microscopy to monitor the nanoscale height change of a single cell in a physiological environment with a novel Pt nanodisk electrode and a newly designed step-approaching strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science (Ministry of Education of China), Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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63
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Bioanalytical tools for single-cell study of exocytosis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:3281-304. [PMID: 20521141 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3843-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Revised: 05/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Regulated exocytosis is a fundamental biological process used to deliver chemical messengers for cell-cell communication via membrane fusion and content secretion. A plethora of cell types employ this chemical-based communication to achieve crucial functions in many biological systems. Neurons in the brain and platelets in the circulatory system are representative examples utilizing exocytosis for neurotransmission and blood clotting. Single-cell studies of regulated exocytosis in the past several decades have greatly expanded our knowledge of this critical process, from vesicle/granule transport and docking at the early stages of exocytosis to membrane fusion and to eventual chemical messenger secretion. Herein, four main approaches that have been widely used to study single-cell exocytosis will be highlighted, including total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, capillary electrophoresis, single-cell mass spectrometry, and microelectrochemistry. These techniques are arranged in the order following the route of a vesicle/granule destined for secretion. Within each section, the basic principles and experimental strategies are reviewed and representative examples are given revealing critical spatial, temporal, and chemical information of a secretory vesicle/granule at different stages of its lifetime. Lastly, an analytical chemist's perspective on potential future developments in this exciting field is discussed.
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64
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Zhao X, Zhang M, Long Y, Ding Z. Redox reactions of reactive oxygen species in aqueous solutions as the probe for scanning electrochemical microscopy of single live T24 cells. CAN J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1139/v10-051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The redox reactions of two main components of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, along with oxygen in aqueous solutions were investigated using a conventional electrochemical technique, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Superoxide undergoes oxidation at a Pt working electrode biased at 0.055 V versus Ag/AgCl, while hydrogen peroxide can be oxidized and reduced at 0.817 and –0.745 V, respectively. Oxygen in the solutions is reduced at the electrode with an applied potential of –0.455 V. Based on these results, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide released from live cells can be successfully monitored, identified, and mapped using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) at different potentials. Single human bladder (T24) cells were imaged using a 5 μm diameter SECM probe biased at –0.400, –0.600, and –0.800 V. Oxygen reduction that seems an interference can be discriminated from that of hydrogen peroxide by means of SECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mengni Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yitao Long
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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65
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Cho YK, Shin H, Lee SK, Kim T. Current application of micro/nano-interfaces to stimulate and analyze cellular responses. Ann Biomed Eng 2010; 38:2056-67. [PMID: 20213211 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-010-9984-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2009] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microfabrication technologies have a high potential for novel approaches to access living cells at a cellular or even at a molecular level. In the course of reviewing and discussing the current application of microinterface systems including nanointerfaces to stimulate and analyze cellular responses with subcellular resolution, this article focuses on interfaces based on microfluidics, nanoparticles, and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). Micro/nanointerface systems provide a novel, attractive means for cell study because they are capable of regulating and monitoring cellular signals simultaneously and repeatedly, leading us to an enhanced understanding and interpretation of cellular responses. Therefore, it is hoped that the integrated micro/nanointerfaces presented in this review will contribute to future developments of cell biology and facilitate advanced biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- School of Nano-Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Banyeon-ri 100, Ulsan 689-798, Korea
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66
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Moyano F, Molina PG, Silber JJ, Sereno L, Correa NM. An Alternative Approach to Quantify Partition Processes in Confined Environments: The Electrochemical Behavior of PRODAN in Unilamellar Vesicles. Chemphyschem 2010; 11:236-44. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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67
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Comstock DJ, Elam JW, Pellin MJ, Hersam MC. Integrated Ultramicroelectrode−Nanopipet Probe for Concurrent Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy and Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy. Anal Chem 2010; 82:1270-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac902224q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Comstock
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Energy Systems Division and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Jeffrey W. Elam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Energy Systems Division and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Michael J. Pellin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Energy Systems Division and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Mark C. Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Energy Systems Division and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
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68
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Morris CA, Friedman AK, Baker LA. Applications of nanopipettes in the analytical sciences. Analyst 2010; 135:2190-202. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00156b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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69
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Schulte A, Nebel M, Schuhmann W. Scanning electrochemical microscopy in neuroscience. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2010; 3:299-318. [PMID: 20636044 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.anchem.111808.073651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews recent work involving the application of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) to the study of individual cultured living cells, with an emphasis on topographical and functional imaging of neuronal and secretory cells of the nervous and endocrine system. The basic principles of biological SECM and associated negative amperometric-feedback and generator/collector-mode SECM imaging are discussed, and successful use of the methodology for screening soft and fragile membranous objects is outlined. The drawbacks of the constant-height mode of probe movement and the benefits of the constant-distance mode of SECM operation are described. Finally, representative examples of constant-height and constant-distance mode SECM on a variety of live cells are highlighted to demonstrate the current status of single-cell SECM in general and of SECM in neuroscience in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Schulte
- Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
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70
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Rapino S, Valenti G, Marcu R, Giorgio M, Marcaccio M, Paolucci F. Microdrawing and highlighting a reactive surface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm00818d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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71
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Murata T, Yasukawa T, Shiku H, Matsue T. Electrochemical single-cell gene-expression assay combining dielectrophoretic manipulation with secreted alkaline phosphatase reporter system. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 25:913-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2009] [Revised: 08/20/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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72
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Mureşan L, Nistor M, Gáspár S, Popescu IC, Csöregi E. Monitoring of glucose and glutamate using enzyme microstructures and scanning electrochemical microscopy. Bioelectrochemistry 2009; 76:81-6. [PMID: 19520620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2009.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2008] [Revised: 05/01/2009] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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73
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Dolci LS, Zanarini S, Ciana LD, Paolucci F, Roda A. Development of a New Device for Ultrasensitive Electrochemiluminescence Microscopy Imaging. Anal Chem 2009; 81:6234-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ac900756a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa S. Dolci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 40126, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy 00136, and Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 40126
| | - Simone Zanarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 40126, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy 00136, and Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 40126
| | - Leopoldo Della Ciana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 40126, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy 00136, and Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 40126
| | - Francesco Paolucci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 40126, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy 00136, and Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 40126
| | - Aldo Roda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 40126, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy 00136, and Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 40126
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74
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Guadagnini L, Maljusch A, Chen X, Neugebauer S, Tonelli D, Schuhmann W. Visualization of electrocatalytic activity of microstructured metal hexacyanoferrates by means of redox competition mode of scanning electrochemical microscopy (RC-SECM). Electrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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75
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Takahashi Y, Miyamoto T, Shiku H, Asano R, Yasukawa T, Kumagai I, Matsue T. Electrochemical Detection of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors on a Single Living Cell Surface by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. Anal Chem 2009; 81:2785-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ac900195m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Takahashi
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 6-6-11-605, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, Graduate School of Engineering Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba 6-6-11-607, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 6-6-11-605, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, Graduate School of Engineering Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba 6-6-11-607, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 6-6-11-605, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, Graduate School of Engineering Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba 6-6-11-607, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Asano
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 6-6-11-605, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, Graduate School of Engineering Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba 6-6-11-607, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yasukawa
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 6-6-11-605, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, Graduate School of Engineering Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba 6-6-11-607, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Izumi Kumagai
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 6-6-11-605, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, Graduate School of Engineering Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba 6-6-11-607, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Matsue
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 6-6-11-605, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, Graduate School of Engineering Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba 6-6-11-607, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
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76
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El-Said WA, Yea CH, Kim H, Oh BK, Choi JW. Cell-based chip for the detection of anticancer effect on HeLa cells using cyclic voltammetry. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:1259-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2008] [Revised: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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77
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Hirano Y, Nishimiya Y, Kowata K, Mizutani F, Tsuda S, Komatsu Y. Construction of Time-Lapse Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy with Temperature Control and Its Application To Evaluate the Preservation Effects of Antifreeze Proteins on Living Cells. Anal Chem 2008; 80:9349-54. [DOI: 10.1021/ac8018334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hirano
- Research Institute of Genome-based Biofactory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Nishimiya
- Research Institute of Genome-based Biofactory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Keiko Kowata
- Research Institute of Genome-based Biofactory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Fumio Mizutani
- Research Institute of Genome-based Biofactory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sakae Tsuda
- Research Institute of Genome-based Biofactory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Komatsu
- Research Institute of Genome-based Biofactory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira, Sapporo, Japan
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78
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Zhan D, Fan FRF, Bard AJ. The Kv channel blocker 4-aminopyridine enhances Ag+ uptake: a scanning electrochemical microscopy study of single living cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:12118-22. [PMID: 18719098 PMCID: PMC2527875 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805286105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that silver ion (Ag(+)) uptake is enhanced by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a well known voltage-sensitive potassium ion channel (K(v)) blocker. Both bacterial (Escherichia coli) and mammalian (3T3 fibroblast) cells were used as model systems. Ag(+) uptake was monitored with a scanning electrochemical microscope with an amperometric Ag(+) ion-selective electrode (Ag(+)-ISE) and the respiration rates of E. coli cells were measured by oxygen reduction at an ultramicroelectrode. The results showed that not only the amount but also the rate of silver uptake by the cells increased significantly when 4-AP was added to the solution. For fibroblasts, the Ag(+) uptake rate was 4.8 x 10(7) ions per cell per sec without 4-AP compared with 1.0 x 10(8) ions per cell per sec with 0.2 mM 4-AP. For E. coli cells, the uptake rate was 1.5 x 10(4) ions per cell per sec without 4-AP vs. 3.5 x 10(4) ions per cell per sec with 0.5 mM 4-AP and 5.9 x 10(4) ions per cell per sec with 1 mM 4-AP. Thus, 4-AP might be useful where silver is used as antimicrobial agent to speed its uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Zhan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165
| | - Fu-Ren F. Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165
| | - Allen. J. Bard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165
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79
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Kottke PA, Kranz C, Kwon YK, Masson JF, Mizaikoff B, Fedorov AG. Theory of Polymer Entrapped Enzyme Ultramicroelectrodes: Application to Glucose and Adenosine Triphosphate Detection. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2008; 618:74-82. [PMID: 20445817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2008.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We validate, by comparison with experimental data, a theoretical description of the amperometric response of microbiosensors formed via enzyme entrapment. The utility of the theory is further illustrated with two relevant examples supported by experiments: (1) quantitative detection of glucose and (2) quantitative detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Kottke
- Georgia Institute of Technology, G. W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405
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80
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Adams KL, Puchades M, Ewing AG. In Vitro Electrochemistry of Biological Systems. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2008; 1:329. [PMID: 20151038 PMCID: PMC2819529 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.anchem.1.031207.113038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews recent work involving electrochemical methods for in vitro analysis of biomolecules, with an emphasis on detection and manipulation at and of single cells and cultures of cells. The techniques discussed include constant potential amperometry, chronoamperometry, cellular electroporation, scanning electrochemical microscopy, and microfluidic platforms integrated with electrochemical detection. The principles of these methods are briefly described, followed in most cases with a short description of an analytical or biological application and its significance. The use of electrochemical methods to examine specific mechanistic issues in exocytosis is highlighted, as a great deal of recent work has been devoted to this application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L. Adams
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Chemistry, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
- Göteborg University, Department of Chemistry, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Maja Puchades
- Göteborg University, Department of Chemistry, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Andrew G. Ewing
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Chemistry, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
- Göteborg University, Department of Chemistry, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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81
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Honda A, Komatsu H, Kato D, Ueda A, Maruyama K, Iwasaki Y, Ito T, Niwa O, Suzuki K. Newly developed chemical probes and nano-devices for cellular analysis. ANAL SCI 2008; 24:55-66. [PMID: 18187850 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.24.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A cellular analyzing system including a "real-time cellular imaging system" and a "comprehensive analyzing system for cellular responses" was developed. A "real-time cellular imaging system" is a system used to measure real-time imaging of multiple phenomena of a single cell with high special and temporal resolutions for the purpose to understand the pathology and physiology in a single cell and realize to single cell level diagnosis. A "real-time cellular imaging system" includes multi-probe imaging with AFM (atomic force microscopy), optical and SECM (scanning electrochemical microscopy) modes, which provides us with topological information and biochemical reactions at the local area of the interior and exterior of a cell. Scanning electrochemical/optical microscopy was applied to image PC12 cells. On the other hand, cells respond to their specific substances via their ligands. Therefore, the comprehensive analysis of protein-protein interaction is the important issue to determine the functions of cells. For this purpose, a "comprehensive analysis system for cellular responses" was developed. This system is based on SPR (surface plasmon resonance) and MS (mass spectrometry) using a nano-fabricated substrate. The interaction between IL-1 beta and anti-IL-1 beta antibodies was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Honda
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology of Japan Science and Technology, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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82
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Ciobanu M, Taylor DE, Wilburn JP, Cliffel DE. Glucose and lactate biosensors for scanning electrochemical microscopy imaging of single live cells. Anal Chem 2008; 80:2717-27. [PMID: 18345647 PMCID: PMC2836715 DOI: 10.1021/ac7021184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have developed glucose and lactate ultramicroelectrode (UME) biosensors based on glucose oxidase and lactate oxidase (with enzymes immobilized onto Pt UMEs by either electropolymerization or casting) for scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and have determined their sensitivity to glucose and lactate, respectively. The results of our evaluations reveal different advantages for sensors constructed by each method: improved sensitivity and shorter manufacturing time for hand-casting, and increased reproducibility for electropolymerization. We have acquired amperometric approach curves (ACs) for each type of manufactured biosensor UME, and these ACs can be used as a means of positioning the UME above a substrate at a known distance. We have used the glucose biosensor UMEs to record profiles of glucose uptake above individual fibroblasts. Likewise, we have employed the lactate biosensor UMEs for recording the lactate production above single cancer cells with the SECM. We also show that oxygen respiration profiles for single cancer cells do not mimic cell topography, but are rather more convoluted, with a higher respiration activity observed at the points where the cell touches the Petri dish. These UME biosensors, along with the application of others already described in the literature, could prove to be powerful tools for mapping metabolic analytes, such as glucose, lactate, and oxygen, in single cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Ciobanu
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Dale E. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996
| | | | - David E. Cliffel
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
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83
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The interference of HEPES buffer during amperometric detection of ATP in clinical applications. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 390:2067-71. [PMID: 18368390 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2015-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Revised: 01/09/2008] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
HEPES-based biological buffer is subject to photooxidation upon exposure to fluorescent illumination. Thereby hydrogen peroxide is generated, which interferes with amperometric oxidoreductase-based biosensors for glucose or adenosine triphosphate (ATP). These biosensors operate at an oxidation potential above 500 mV vs. the standard calomel electrode (SCE) and involve hydrogen peroxide as the electroactive molecule detected at the electrode surface. False-positive detection of ATP was observed in HEPES buffer utilizing an amperometric microbiosensor based on the co-immobilization of glucose oxidase and hexokinase for detection of ATP in biological specimens. Electrochemical, mass spectrometric, (31)P NMR, and (1)H NMR studies indicate that complexation of ATP and HEPES induced by the presence of Ca(2+) in HEPES buffer decreases the photooxidation of HEPES. Consequently, the hydrogen peroxide background concentration is reduced, thereby leading to erroneous ATP detection at the dual-enzyme microbiosensor, which determines an increase in ATP via a reduced hydrogen peroxide signal.
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84
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Kottke PA, Kranz C, Kwon YK, Masson JF, Mizaikoff B, Fedorov AG. Theory of Polymer Entrapped Enzyme Ultramicroelectrodes: Fundamentals. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2008; 612:208-218. [PMID: 20445818 PMCID: PMC2863126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a theoretical description of the amperometric response of ultramicroelectrode (UME) biosensors formed via enzyme entrapment. Our model allows for multiple enzymes and co-substrates, and results in a closed-form analytical expression for the steady-state current response of the disk ultramicroelectrode. It captures the effects of enzyme-entrapment domain size, species transport properties (which can be different in the polymer and surrounding electrolyte), enzyme kinetics, and axisymmetric diffusion. Assumptions inherent in the derivation are carefully explained, as are the resulting limits on the applicability of the results. The ability to theoretically predict the response of enzyme entrapped UMEs should enable improved design, operation, and data interpretation for this important class of biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Kottke
- Georgia Institute of Technology, G. W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405
| | - Christine Kranz
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400
| | - Yong Koo Kwon
- Georgia Institute of Technology, G. W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405
| | | | - Boris Mizaikoff
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400
| | - Andrei G. Fedorov
- G. W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering & Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405
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85
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Abstract
There is a significant current interest in development of new techniques for direct characterization of the intracellular redox state and high-resolution imaging of living cells. We used nanometer-sized amperometric probes in combination with the scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) to carry out spatially resolved electrochemical experiments in cultured human breast cells. With the tip radius approximately 1,000 times smaller than that of a cell, an electrochemical probe can penetrate a cell and travel inside it without apparent damage to the membrane. The data demonstrate the possibility of measuring the rate of transmembrane charge transport and membrane potential and probing redox properties at the subcellular level. The same experimental setup was used for nanoscale electrochemical imaging of the cell surface.
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86
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Hillard EA, de Abreu FC, Ferreira DCM, Jaouen G, Goulart MOF, Amatore C. Electrochemical parameters and techniques in drug development, with an emphasis on quinones and related compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:2612-28. [DOI: 10.1039/b718116g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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87
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Chen Z, Xie S, Shen L, Du Y, He S, Li Q, Liang Z, Meng X, Li B, Xu X, Ma H, Huang Y, Shao Y. Investigation of the interactions between silver nanoparticles and Hela cells by scanning electrochemical microscopy. Analyst 2008; 133:1221-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b807057a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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88
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Amemiya S, Bard AJ, Fan FRF, Mirkin MV, Unwin PR. Scanning electrochemical microscopy. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2008; 1:95-131. [PMID: 20636076 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.anchem.1.031207.112938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This review describes work done in scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) since 2000 with an emphasis on new applications and important trends, such as nanometer-sized tips. SECM has been adapted to investigate charge transport across liquid/liquid interfaces and to probe charge transport in thin films and membranes. It has been used in biological systems like single cells to study ion transport in channels, as well as cellular and enzyme activity. It is also a powerful and useful tool for the evaluation of the electrocatalytic activities of different materials for useful reactions, such as oxygen reduction and hydrogen oxidation. SECM has also been used as an electrochemical tool for studies of the local properties and reactivity of a wide variety of materials, including metals, insulators, and semiconductors. Finally, SECM has been combined with several other nonelectrochemical techniques, such as atomic force microscopy, to enhance and complement the information available from SECM alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Amemiya
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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89
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Fabrication of Prussian Blue modified ultramicroelectrode for GOD imaging using scanning electrochemical microscopy. Bioelectrochemistry 2007; 72:102-6. [PMID: 18203668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2007.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2007] [Accepted: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Prussian Blue (PB) film modified disk ultramicroelectrode (UME) was fabricated by electrochemical deposition technique on a Pt-disk UME. The electrocatalytical reductions of hydrogen peroxide derived from glucose oxidase (GOD) on this modified UME were investigated. The enzymatic biochemical reactivity was imaged by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) utilizing the PB film modified UME. It is evident that sensitivity and spatial resolution for hydrogen peroxide measurement were improved obviously. SECM images obtained clearly revealed the concentration profile of the reaction products around the enzymes. The PB film modified microelectrode is in the nature of simple preparation, high catalytic activity on hydrogen peroxide and substrate selectivity for SECM etc.
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90
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91
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92
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Ueda A, Niwa O, Maruyama K, Shindo Y, Oka K, Suzuki K. Neurite Imaging of Living PC12 Cells with Scanning Electrochemical/Near-Field Optical/Atomic Force Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:8238-41. [PMID: 17899621 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200702617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akio Ueda
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan
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93
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Ueda A, Niwa O, Maruyama K, Shindo Y, Oka K, Suzuki K. Neurite Imaging of Living PC12 Cells with Scanning Electrochemical/Near-Field Optical/Atomic Force Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200702617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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94
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95
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Diakowski PM, Ding Z. Interrogation of living cells using alternating current scanning electrochemical microscopy (AC-SECM). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:5966-74. [PMID: 18004408 DOI: 10.1039/b711448f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we present the application of alternating current scanning electrochemical microscopy (AC-SECM) to the study of living cells. Commercial AFM instrumentation was modified to allow for performing robust AC-SECM measurements. Constant height AC imaging of the Cos-7 cells, performed directly in cell culture medium without the addition of a redox mediator, provided topographical information of the cell. Stationary tip measurements on the AC current were carried out to investigate the cellular activity of a single cell. The dependence of AC current magnitude on tip-to-sample separation distance was used to monitor real time changes in cell height of individual Cos-7 cells. Furthermore, AC-SECM was employed to observe changes in metabolic cellular activity stimulated by ethanol and phorbol-1,2-myristate-acetate-3. The effect of changing cellular activity on constant height AC-SECM imaging was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr M Diakowski
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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96
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Diakowski PM, Ding Z. Novel strategy for constant-distance imaging using alternating current scanning electrochemical microscopy. Electrochem commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2007.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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97
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Lu X, Wang Q, Liu X. Review: Recent applications of scanning electrochemical microscopy to the study of charge transfer kinetics. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 601:10-25. [PMID: 17904468 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2007] [Revised: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 08/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) has been proven to be a valuable technique for the quantitative investigation and surface analysis of a wide range of processes that occur at interfaces. In particular, there is a great deal of interest in studying the kinetics of charge transfer characteristics at the solid/liquid and liquid/liquid interface. This overview outlines recent advances and applications of SECM to the investigation of charge transfer reactions at the solid/liquid interface and liquid/liquid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
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98
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Zhan D, Li X, Zhan W, Fan FRF, Bard AJ. Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. 58. Application of a Micropipet-Supported ITIES Tip To Detect Ag+ and Study Its Effect on Fibroblast Cells. Anal Chem 2007; 79:5225-31. [PMID: 17566982 DOI: 10.1021/ac070318a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the use of a micropipet-supported ITIES (interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions, also called a liquid/liquid (L/L) or water/oil (W/O) interface) as a scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) tip to detect silver ion and explore Ag+ toxicity in living cells. A 1,2-dichloroethane solution containing a commercially available calixarene-based Ag+ ionophore (IV) was injected into a micrometer-size glass pipet to construct an Ag+-selective SECM tip. The local Ag+ concentration, down to the micromolar level, in the vicinity of living fibroblast cells, was monitored by SECM approach curves and through imaging of the uptake and efflux of Ag+ by living fibroblast cells in real time. The results show that several stages of interaction between Ag+ and fibroblast cells exist. Since a number of biological processes of cells are involved with non-redox-active ions, the work presented here provides a new way to explore cell metabolism, drug delivery, and toxicity assessment by SECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Zhan
- Center of Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, USA
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99
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Shitanda I, Yoshida Y, Tatsuma T. Microimaging of Algal Bioconvection by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. Anal Chem 2007; 79:4237-40. [PMID: 17472343 DOI: 10.1021/ac070150t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Local bioconvection generated by algal flagellar movement was imaged by scanning electrochemical microscopy. As a microelectrode probe vertically approached an individual multicellular flagellate alga, Volvox carteri, an oxidation current of a coexisting redox marker ([Fe(CN)6]4-) increased gradually, due to bioconvective enhancement of mass transport, and eventually decreased because the algal body blocked the diffusion of the marker. Two-dimensional imaging of the bioconvection of an individual alga was also possible. The bioconvective enhancement of the current was hindered by a toxic compound that inhibits the flagellar movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Shitanda
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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100
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Wang W, Xiong Y, Du FY, Huang WH, Wu WZ, Wang ZL, Cheng JK, Yang YF. Imaging and detection of morphological changes of single cells before and after secretion using scanning electrochemical microscopy. Analyst 2007; 132:515-8. [PMID: 17525807 DOI: 10.1039/b701880k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Images of Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) have been obtained and the regulation of cell morphology changes after nitric oxide release has been recorded and discerned quantitatively for the first time using scanning electrochemical microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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