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Vandekerckhove B, Missinne J, Vonck K, Bauwens P, Verplancke R, Boon P, Raedt R, Vanfleteren J. Technological Challenges in the Development of Optogenetic Closed-Loop Therapy Approaches in Epilepsy and Related Network Disorders of the Brain. MICROMACHINES 2020; 12:38. [PMID: 33396287 PMCID: PMC7824489 DOI: 10.3390/mi12010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic, neurological disorder affecting millions of people every year. The current available pharmacological and surgical treatments are lacking in overall efficacy and cause side-effects like cognitive impairment, depression, tremor, abnormal liver and kidney function. In recent years, the application of optogenetic implants have shown promise to target aberrant neuronal circuits in epilepsy with the advantage of both high spatial and temporal resolution and high cell-specificity, a feature that could tackle both the efficacy and side-effect problems in epilepsy treatment. Optrodes consist of electrodes to record local field potentials and an optical component to modulate neurons via activation of opsin expressed by these neurons. The goal of optogenetics in epilepsy is to interrupt seizure activity in its earliest state, providing a so-called closed-loop therapeutic intervention. The chronic implantation in vivo poses specific demands for the engineering of therapeutic optrodes. Enzymatic degradation and glial encapsulation of implants may compromise long-term recording and sufficient illumination of the opsin-expressing neural tissue. Engineering efforts for optimal optrode design have to be directed towards limitation of the foreign body reaction by reducing the implant's elastic modulus and overall size, while still providing stable long-term recording and large-area illumination, and guaranteeing successful intracerebral implantation. This paper presents an overview of the challenges and recent advances in the field of electrode design, neural-tissue illumination, and neural-probe implantation, with the goal of identifying a suitable candidate to be incorporated in a therapeutic approach for long-term treatment of epilepsy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Vandekerckhove
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Imec and Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.V.); (J.M.); (P.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Jeroen Missinne
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Imec and Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.V.); (J.M.); (P.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Kristl Vonck
- 4Brain Team, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.V.); (P.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Pieter Bauwens
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Imec and Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.V.); (J.M.); (P.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Rik Verplancke
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Imec and Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.V.); (J.M.); (P.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Paul Boon
- 4Brain Team, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.V.); (P.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Robrecht Raedt
- 4Brain Team, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.V.); (P.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Jan Vanfleteren
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Imec and Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.V.); (J.M.); (P.B.); (R.V.)
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Hojaiji H, Zhao Y, Gong MC, Mallajosyula M, Tan J, Lin H, Hojaiji AM, Lin S, Milla C, Madni AM, Emaminejad S. An autonomous wearable system for diurnal sweat biomarker data acquisition. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:4582-4591. [PMID: 33052990 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00820f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
To track dynamically varying and physiologically relevant biomarker profiles in sweat, autonomous wearable platforms are required to periodically sample and analyze sweat with minimal or no user intervention. Previously reported sweat sensors are functionally limited to capturing biomarker information at one time-point/period, thereby necessitating repeated user intervention to increase the temporal granularity of biomarker data. Accordingly, we present a compact multi-compartment wearable system, where each compartment can be activated to autonomously induce/modulate sweat secretion (via iontophoretic actuation) and analyze sweat at set time points. This system was developed following a hybrid-flex design and a vertical integration scheme-integrating the required functional modules: miniaturized iontophoresis interfaces, adhesive thin film microfluidic-sensing module, and control/readout electronics. The system was deployed in a human subject study to track the diurnal variation of sweat glucose levels in relation to the daily food intake. The demonstrated autonomous operation for diurnal sweat biomarker data acquisition illustrates the system's suitability for large-scale and longitudinal personal health monitoring applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannaneh Hojaiji
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (I2BL), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yichao Zhao
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (I2BL), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Max C Gong
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (I2BL), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mudith Mallajosyula
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (I2BL), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiawei Tan
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (I2BL), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Haisong Lin
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (I2BL), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amir M Hojaiji
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (I2BL), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Shuyu Lin
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (I2BL), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Milla
- The Stanford Cystic Fibrosis Center, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Asad M Madni
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sam Emaminejad
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (I2BL), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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53
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Liu YL, Huang WH. Stretchable Electrochemical Sensors for Cell and Tissue Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2757-2767. [PMID: 32632992 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensing based on conventional rigid electrodes has great restrictions for characterizing biomolecules in deformed cells or soft tissues. The recent emergence of stretchable sensors allows electrodes to conformally contact to curved surfaces and perfectly comply with the deformation of living cells and tissues. This provides a powerful strategy to monitor biomolecules from mechanically deformed cells, tissues, and organisms in real time, and opens up new opportunities to explore the mechanotransduction process. In this minireview, we first summarize the fabrication of stretchable electrodes with emphasis on the nanomaterial-enabled strategies. We then describe representative applications of stretchable sensors in the real-time monitoring of mechanically sensitive cells and tissues. Finally, we present the future possibilities and challenges of stretchable electrochemical sensing in cell, tissue, and in vivo detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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54
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Liu Y, Huang W. Stretchable Electrochemical Sensors for Cell and Tissue Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Ling Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Wei‐Hua Huang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
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55
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Fang Y, Meng L, Prominski A, Schaumann EN, Seebald M, Tian B. Recent advances in bioelectronics chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2020. [PMID: 32672777 DOI: 10.1039/d1030cs00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Research in bioelectronics is highly interdisciplinary, with many new developments being based on techniques from across the physical and life sciences. Advances in our understanding of the fundamental chemistry underlying the materials used in bioelectronic applications have been a crucial component of many recent discoveries. In this review, we highlight ways in which a chemistry-oriented perspective may facilitate novel and deep insights into both the fundamental scientific understanding and the design of materials, which can in turn tune the functionality and biocompatibility of bioelectronic devices. We provide an in-depth examination of several developments in the field, organized by the chemical properties of the materials. We conclude by surveying how some of the latest major topics of chemical research may be further integrated with bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fang
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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56
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Fang Y, Meng L, Prominski A, Schaumann E, Seebald M, Tian B. Recent advances in bioelectronics chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:7978-8035. [PMID: 32672777 PMCID: PMC7674226 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Research in bioelectronics is highly interdisciplinary, with many new developments being based on techniques from across the physical and life sciences. Advances in our understanding of the fundamental chemistry underlying the materials used in bioelectronic applications have been a crucial component of many recent discoveries. In this review, we highlight ways in which a chemistry-oriented perspective may facilitate novel and deep insights into both the fundamental scientific understanding and the design of materials, which can in turn tune the functionality and biocompatibility of bioelectronic devices. We provide an in-depth examination of several developments in the field, organized by the chemical properties of the materials. We conclude by surveying how some of the latest major topics of chemical research may be further integrated with bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fang
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lingyuan Meng
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Erik Schaumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Matthew Seebald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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57
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Liu Q, Zhao C, Chen M, Liu Y, Zhao Z, Wu F, Li Z, Weiss PS, Andrews AM, Zhou C. Flexible Multiplexed In 2O 3 Nanoribbon Aptamer-Field-Effect Transistors for Biosensing. iScience 2020; 23:101469. [PMID: 33083757 PMCID: PMC7509003 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible sensors are essential for advancing implantable and wearable bioelectronics toward monitoring chemical signals within and on the body. Developing biosensors for monitoring multiple neurotransmitters in real time represents a key in vivo application that will increase understanding of information encoded in brain neurochemical fluxes. Here, arrays of devices having multiple In2O3 nanoribbon field-effect transistors (FETs) were fabricated on 1.4-μm-thick polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates using shadow mask patterning techniques. Thin PET-FET devices withstood crumpling and bending such that stable transistor performance with high mobility was maintained over >100 bending cycles. Real-time detection of the small-molecule neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine was achieved by immobilizing recently identified high-affinity nucleic-acid aptamers on individual In2O3 nanoribbon devices. Limits of detection were 10 fM for serotonin and dopamine with detection ranges spanning eight orders of magnitude. Simultaneous sensing of temperature, pH, serotonin, and dopamine enabled integration of physiological and neurochemical data from individual bioelectronic devices. We fabricated flexible In2O3 nanoribbon transistors using cleanroom-free processes Flexible In2O3 transistors withstood crumpling and bending with stable performance Flexible aptamer biosensors detect neurotransmitters in real time Multiplexed sensors monitor temperature, pH, serotonin, and dopamine simultaneously
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhou Liu
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.,Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Chuanzhen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mingrui Chen
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yihang Liu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Fanqi Wu
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Paul S Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Departments of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anne M Andrews
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chongwu Zhou
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.,Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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58
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Rodrigues D, Barbosa AI, Rebelo R, Kwon IK, Reis RL, Correlo VM. Skin-Integrated Wearable Systems and Implantable Biosensors: A Comprehensive Review. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10070079. [PMID: 32708103 PMCID: PMC7400150 DOI: 10.3390/bios10070079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biosensors devices have attracted the attention of many researchers across the world. They have the capability to solve a large number of analytical problems and challenges. They are future ubiquitous devices for disease diagnosis, monitoring, treatment and health management. This review presents an overview of the biosensors field, highlighting the current research and development of bio-integrated and implanted biosensors. These devices are micro- and nano-fabricated, according to numerous techniques that are adapted in order to offer a suitable mechanical match of the biosensor to the surrounding tissue, and therefore decrease the body’s biological response. For this, most of the skin-integrated and implanted biosensors use a polymer layer as a versatile and flexible structural support, combined with a functional/active material, to generate, transmit and process the obtained signal. A few challenging issues of implantable biosensor devices, as well as strategies to overcome them, are also discussed in this review, including biological response, power supply, and data communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rodrigues
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (D.R.); (A.I.B.); (R.R.); (I.K.K.); (R.L.R.)
| | - Ana I. Barbosa
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (D.R.); (A.I.B.); (R.R.); (I.K.K.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Rita Rebelo
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (D.R.); (A.I.B.); (R.R.); (I.K.K.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Il Keun Kwon
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (D.R.); (A.I.B.); (R.R.); (I.K.K.); (R.L.R.)
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (D.R.); (A.I.B.); (R.R.); (I.K.K.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Vitor M. Correlo
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (D.R.); (A.I.B.); (R.R.); (I.K.K.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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59
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Fiber-shaped organic electrochemical transistors for biochemical detections with high sensitivity and stability. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9779-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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60
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Wang B, Wen X, Cao Y, Huang S, Lam HA, Liu TL, Chung PS, Monbouquette HG, Chiou PY, Maidment NT. An implantable multifunctional neural microprobe for simultaneous multi-analyte sensing and chemical delivery. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:1390-1397. [PMID: 32211718 PMCID: PMC7192313 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00021c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A multifunctional chemical neural probe fabrication process exploiting PDMS thin-film transfer to incorporate a microfluidic channel onto a silicon-based microelectrode array (MEA) platform, and enzyme microstamping to provide multi-analyte detection is described. The Si/PDMS hybrid chemtrode, modified with a nano-based on-probe IrOx reference electrode, was validated in brain phantoms and in rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
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61
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Obidin N, Tasnim F, Dagdeviren C. The Future of Neuroimplantable Devices: A Materials Science and Regulatory Perspective. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901482. [PMID: 31206827 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The past two decades have seen unprecedented progress in the development of novel materials, form factors, and functionalities in neuroimplantable technologies, including electrocorticography (ECoG) systems, multielectrode arrays (MEAs), Stentrode, and deep brain probes. The key considerations for the development of such devices intended for acute implantation and chronic use, from the perspective of biocompatible hybrid materials incorporation, conformable device design, implantation procedures, and mechanical and biological risk factors, are highlighted. These topics are connected with the role that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) plays in its regulation of neuroimplantable technologies based on the above parameters. Existing neuroimplantable devices and efforts to improve their materials and implantation protocols are first discussed in detail. The effects of device implantation with regards to biocompatibility and brain heterogeneity are then explored. Topics examined include brain-specific risk factors, such as bacterial infection, tissue scarring, inflammation, and vasculature damage, as well as efforts to manage these dangers through emerging hybrid, bioelectronic device architectures. The current challenges of gaining clinical approval by the FDA-in particular, with regards to biological, mechanical, and materials risk factors-are summarized. The available regulatory pathways to accelerate next-generation neuroimplantable devices to market are then discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Obidin
- MIT Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Farita Tasnim
- MIT Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Canan Dagdeviren
- MIT Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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62
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Won SM, Song E, Reeder JT, Rogers JA. Emerging Modalities and Implantable Technologies for Neuromodulation. Cell 2020; 181:115-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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63
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Zhao Y, Wang B, Hojaiji H, Wang Z, Lin S, Yeung C, Lin H, Nguyen P, Chiu K, Salahi K, Cheng X, Tan J, Cerrillos BA, Emaminejad S. A wearable freestanding electrochemical sensing system. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz0007. [PMID: 32219164 PMCID: PMC7083607 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To render high-fidelity wearable biomarker data, understanding and engineering the information delivery pathway from epidermally retrieved biofluid to a readout unit are critical. By examining the biomarker information delivery pathway and recognizing near-zero strained regions within a microfluidic device, a strain-isolated pathway to preserve biomarker data fidelity is engineered. Accordingly, a generalizable and disposable freestanding electrochemical sensing system (FESS) is devised, which simultaneously facilitates sensing and out-of-plane signal interconnection with the aid of double-sided adhesion. The FESS serves as a foundation to realize a system-level design strategy, addressing the challenges of wearable biosensing, in the presence of motion, and integration with consumer electronics. To this end, a FESS-enabled smartwatch was developed, featuring sweat sampling, electrochemical sensing, and data display/transmission, all within a self-contained wearable platform. The FESS-enabled smartwatch was used to monitor the sweat metabolite profiles of individuals in sedentary and high-intensity exercise settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Zhao
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hannaneh Hojaiji
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhaoqing Wang
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shuyu Lin
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Yeung
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Haisong Lin
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peterson Nguyen
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- College of Letters and Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kaili Chiu
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- College of Letters and Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kamyar Salahi
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xuanbing Cheng
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiawei Tan
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Betto Alcitlali Cerrillos
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sam Emaminejad
- Interconnected & Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (IBL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Lin S, Wang B, Zhao Y, Shih R, Cheng X, Yu W, Hojaiji H, Lin H, Hoffman C, Ly D, Tan J, Chen Y, Di Carlo D, Milla C, Emaminejad S. Natural Perspiration Sampling and in Situ Electrochemical Analysis with Hydrogel Micropatches for User-Identifiable and Wireless Chemo/Biosensing. ACS Sens 2020; 5:93-102. [PMID: 31786928 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in microelectronics, microfluidics, and electrochemical sensing platforms have enabled the development of an emerging class of fully integrated personal health monitoring devices that exploit sweat to noninvasively access biomarker information. Despite such advances, effective sweat sampling remains a significant challenge for reliable biomarker analysis, with many existing methods requiring active stimulation (e.g., iontophoresis, exercise, heat). Natural perspiration offers a suitable alternative as sweat can be collected with minimal effort on the part of the user. To leverage this phenomenon, we devised a thin hydrogel micropatch (THMP), which simultaneously serves as an interface for sweat sampling and a medium for electrochemical sensing. To characterize the performance of the THMP, caffeine and lactate were selected as two representative target molecules. We demonstrated the suitability of the sampling method to track metabolic patterns, as well as to render sample-to-answer biomarker data for personal monitoring (through coupling with an electrochemical sensing system). To inform its potential application, this biomarker sampling and sensing system is incorporated within a distributed terminal-based sensing network, which uniquely capitalizes on the fingertip as a site for simultaneous biomarker data sampling and user identification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Milla
- The Stanford Cystic Fibrosis Center, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
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Sung C, Jeon W, Nam KS, Kim Y, Butt H, Park S. Multimaterial and multifunctional neural interfaces: from surface-type and implantable electrodes to fiber-based devices. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:6624-6666. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00872a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Development of neural interfaces from surface electrodes to fibers with various type, functionality, and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhoon Sung
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Jeon
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kum Seok Nam
- School of Electrical Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Haider Butt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Khalifa University
- Abu Dhabi 127788
- United Arab Emirates
| | - Seongjun Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (KIHST)
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66
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Chen C, Guo Y, Chen P, Peng H. Recent advances of tissue-interfaced chemical biosensors. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:3371-3381. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02476j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses recent advances of tissue interfaced chemical biosensors, highlights current challenges and gives an outlook on future possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanrui Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200438
- China
| | - Yue Guo
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200438
- China
| | - Peining Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200438
- China
| | - Huisheng Peng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200438
- China
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67
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Wang B, Wen X, Chiou P, Maidment NT. Pt Nanoparticle‐modified Carbon Fiber Microelectrode for Selective Electrochemical Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Shirley and Stephan Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human BehaviorUniversity of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Ximiao Wen
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Pei‐Yu Chiou
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Nigel T. Maidment
- Shirley and Stephan Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human BehaviorUniversity of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA USA
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