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Chaiprapat S, Laklam T. Enhancing digestion efficiency of POME in anaerobic sequencing batch reactor with ozonation pretreatment and cycle time reduction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:4061-4068. [PMID: 21215615 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ozonation pretreatment was applied to palm oil mill effluent (POME) prior to anaerobic digestion using the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR). Ozonation increased BOD/COD by 37.9% with a COD loss of only 3.3%. At organic loads of 6.48-12.96 kg COD/m(3)/d, feeding with non-ozonated POME caused a system failure. The ozonated POME gave significantly higher TCOD removal at loadings 6.52 and 9.04 kg COD/m(3)/d but failed to sustain the operation at loading 11.67 kg COD/m(3)/d. Effects of cycle time (CT) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were determined using quadratic regression model. The generated response surface and contour plot showed that at this high load conditions (6.52-11.67 kg COD/m(3)/d), longer HRT and shorter CT gave the ASBR higher organic removal efficiency and methane yield. The model was able to satisfactorily describe the relationship of these two key operating parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumate Chaiprapat
- Green Technology Research Unit, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
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Effects of physicochemical parameters on the production of phenolic acids from palm oil mill effluent under liquid-state fermentation by Aspergillus niger IBS-103ZA. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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53
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Brigham CJ, Budde CF, Holder JW, Zeng Q, Mahan AE, Rha C, Sinskey AJ. Elucidation of beta-oxidation pathways in Ralstonia eutropha H16 by examination of global gene expression. J Bacteriol 2010; 192:5454-64. [PMID: 20709892 PMCID: PMC2950501 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00493-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ralstonia eutropha H16 is capable of growth and polyhydroxyalkanoate production on plant oils and fatty acids. However, little is known about the triacylglycerol and fatty acid degradation pathways of this bacterium. We compare whole-cell gene expression levels of R. eutropha H16 during growth and polyhydroxyalkanoate production on trioleate and fructose. Trioleate is a triacylglycerol that serves as a model for plant oils. Among the genes of note, two potential fatty acid β-oxidation operons and two putative lipase genes were shown to be upregulated in trioleate cultures. The genes of the glyoxylate bypass also exhibit increased expression during growth on trioleate. We observed that single β-oxidation operon deletion mutants of R. eutropha could grow using palm oil or crude palm kernel oil as the sole carbon source, regardless of which operon was present in the genome, but a double mutant was unable to grow under these conditions. A lipase deletion mutant did not exhibit a growth defect in emulsified oil cultures but did exhibit a phenotype in cultures containing nonemulsified oil. Mutants of the glyoxylate shunt gene for isocitrate lyase were able to grow in the presence of oils, while a malate synthase (aceB) deletion mutant grew more slowly than wild type. Gene expression under polyhydroxyalkanoate storage conditions was also examined. Many findings of this analysis confirm results from previous studies by our group and others. This work represents the first examination of global gene expression involving triacylglycerol and fatty acid catabolism genes in R. eutropha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Brigham
- Department of Biology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Division of Health Sciences Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Charles F. Budde
- Department of Biology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Division of Health Sciences Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Jason W. Holder
- Department of Biology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Division of Health Sciences Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Qiandong Zeng
- Department of Biology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Division of Health Sciences Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Alison E. Mahan
- Department of Biology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Division of Health Sciences Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - ChoKyun Rha
- Department of Biology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Division of Health Sciences Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Anthony J. Sinskey
- Department of Biology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Division of Health Sciences Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Sim EYS, Wu TY. The potential reuse of biodegradable municipal solid wastes (MSW) as feedstocks in vermicomposting. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2010; 90:2153-2162. [PMID: 20718020 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need globally to find alternative sustainable steps to treat municipal solid wastes (MSW) originated from mismanagement of urban wastes with increasing disposal cost. Furthermore, a conglomeration of ever-increasing population and consumerist lifestyle is contributing towards the generation of more MSW. In this context, vermicomposting offers excellent potential to promote safe, hygienic and sustainable management of biodegradable MSW. It has been demonstrated that, through vermicomposting, MSW such as city garbage, household and kitchen wastes, vegetable wastes, paper wastes, human faeces and others could be sustainably transformed into organic fertiliser or vermicompost that provides great benefits to agricultural soil and plants. Generally, earthworms are sensitive to their environment and require temperature, moisture content, pH and sometimes ventilation at proper levels for the optimum vermicomposting process. Apart from setting the optimum operational conditions for the vermicomposting process, other approaches such as pre-composting, inoculating micro-organisms into MSW and redesigning the conventional vermireactor could be introduced to further enhance the vermicomposting of MSW. Thus the present mini-review discusses the potential of introducing vermicomposting in MSW management, the benefits of vermicomposted MSW to plants, suggestions on how to enhance the vermicomposting of MSW as well as risk management in the vermicomposting of MSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Yih Shyang Sim
- Chemical and Sustainable Process Engineering Research Group, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 46150 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Mumtaz T, Yahaya NA, Abd-Aziz S, Abdul Rahman N, Yee PL, Shirai Y, Hassan MA. Turning waste to wealth-biodegradable plastics polyhydroxyalkanoates from palm oil mill effluent – a Malaysian perspective. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2010; 18:1393-1402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Dellomonaco C, Rivera C, Campbell P, Gonzalez R. Engineered respiro-fermentative metabolism for the production of biofuels and biochemicals from fatty acid-rich feedstocks. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:5067-78. [PMID: 20525863 PMCID: PMC2916504 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00046-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although lignocellulosic sugars have been proposed as the primary feedstock for the biological production of renewable fuels and chemicals, the availability of fatty acid (FA)-rich feedstocks and recent progress in the development of oil-accumulating organisms make FAs an attractive alternative. In addition to their abundance, the metabolism of FAs is very efficient and could support product yields significantly higher than those obtained from lignocellulosic sugars. However, FAs are metabolized only under respiratory conditions, a metabolic mode that does not support the synthesis of fermentation products. In the work reported here we engineered several native and heterologous fermentative pathways to function in Escherichia coli under aerobic conditions, thus creating a respiro-fermentative metabolic mode that enables the efficient synthesis of fuels and chemicals from FAs. Representative biofuels (ethanol and butanol) and biochemicals (acetate, acetone, isopropanol, succinate, and propionate) were chosen as target products to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed platform. The yields of ethanol, acetate, and acetone in the engineered strains exceeded those reported in the literature for their production from sugars, and in the cases of ethanol and acetate they also surpassed the maximum theoretical values that can be achieved from lignocellulosic sugars. Butanol was produced at yields and titers that were between 2- and 3-fold higher than those reported for its production from sugars in previously engineered microorganisms. Moreover, our work demonstrates production of propionate, a compound previously thought to be synthesized only by propionibacteria, in E. coli. Finally, the synthesis of isopropanol and succinate was also demonstrated. The work reported here represents the first effort toward engineering microorganisms for the conversion of FAs to the aforementioned products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementina Dellomonaco
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005, Glycos Biotechnologies Inc., 711 Leverkuhn St., Houston, Texas 77007, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Carlos Rivera
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005, Glycos Biotechnologies Inc., 711 Leverkuhn St., Houston, Texas 77007, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Paul Campbell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005, Glycos Biotechnologies Inc., 711 Leverkuhn St., Houston, Texas 77007, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Ramon Gonzalez
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005, Glycos Biotechnologies Inc., 711 Leverkuhn St., Houston, Texas 77007, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005
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Chan YJ, Chong MF, Law CL. Effects of Temperature on Aerobic Treatment of Anaerobically Digested Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie901952m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jing Chan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mei Fong Chong
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chung Lim Law
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
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Wu TY, Mohammad AW, Jahim JM, Anuar N. Pollution control technologies for the treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) through end-of-pipe processes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2010; 91:1467-1490. [PMID: 20231054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Revised: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Palm oil production is one of the major industries in Malaysia and this country ranks one of the largest productions in the world. In Malaysia, the total production of crude palm oil in 2008 was 17,734,441 tonnes. However, the production of this amount of crude palm oil results in even larger amounts of palm oil mill effluent (POME). In the year 2008 alone, at least 44 million tonnes of POME was generated in Malaysia. Currently, the ponding system is the most common treatment method for POME but other processes such as aerobic and anaerobic digestion, physicochemical treatment and membrane filtration may also provide the palm oil industries with possible insights into the improvement of POME treatment processes. Generally, open ponding offers low capital and operating costs but this conventional method is becoming less attractive because the methane produced is wasted to the atmosphere and the system can not be certified for Carbon Emission Reduction trading. On the other hand, anaerobic digestion of POME provides the fastest payback of investment because the treatment enables biogas recovery for heat generation and treated effluent for land application. Lastly, it is proposed herewith that wastewater management based on the promotion of cleaner production and environmentally sound biotechnologies should be prioritized and included as a part of the POME management in Malaysia for attaining sustainable development. This paper thus discusses and compares state-of-the-art POME treatment methods as well as their individual performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta Yeong Wu
- Chemical and Sustainable Process Engineering Research Group, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 46150, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. wu.ta.yeong@eng
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Yang YH, Brigham CJ, Budde CF, Boccazzi P, Willis LB, Hassan MA, Yusof ZAM, Rha C, Sinskey AJ. Optimization of growth media components for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production from organic acids by Ralstonia eutropha. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 87:2037-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Alam MZ, Kabbashi NA, Hussin SNIS. Production of bioethanol by direct bioconversion of oil-palm industrial effluent in a stirred-tank bioreactor. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 36:801-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0554-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2008] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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