51
|
Oxytocin and vasopressin V1A receptors as new therapeutic targets in assisted reproduction. Reprod Biomed Online 2011; 22:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
52
|
Wang W, Ollio S, Herdtweck E, Dömling A. Polycyclic compounds by Ugi-Pictet-Spengler sequence. J Org Chem 2010; 76:637-44. [PMID: 21190371 DOI: 10.1021/jo102058s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A general approach to architecturally stimulating polycyclic structures is described by a concise, two-step procedure including a Ugi MCR (multicomponent reaction) and a subsequent Pictet-Spengler reaction starting from phenylethylamine-derived isocyanides. Ten compounds are described in full experimental detail, and yields range from medium to very good. Some of the reactions run with a high degree of stereoselectivity. The compound structures resemble steroid hormones and alkaloid classes of natural products. Exemplary products have been fully reduced to their tertiary amines. As such they could potentially become interesting biological probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Biomedical Science Tower 3, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
53
|
|
54
|
Dietrich J, Kaiser C, Meurice N, Hulme C. Concise Two-Step Solution Phase Syntheses of four novel Dihydroquinazoline scaffolds. Tetrahedron Lett 2010; 51:3951-3955. [PMID: 20625451 PMCID: PMC2897742 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.05.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel two-step solution phase protocols for the synthesis of dihydroquinazolines and fused dihydroquinazoline-benzodiazepine tetracycles are reported. The methodology employs the Ugi reaction to assemble desired diversity and acid treatment enables ring closing transformations. The protocols are further facilitated by the use of microwave irradiation and n-butyl isocyanide to control the rate of each ring forming transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Dietrich
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharm/Tox, Divisions of Medicinal Chemistry & Organic Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- Southwest Comprehensive Center for Drug Discovery and Development
| | - Christine Kaiser
- The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), N 5 Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004
| | - Nathalie Meurice
- Southwest Comprehensive Center for Drug Discovery and Development
- The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), N 5 Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004
| | - Christopher Hulme
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharm/Tox, Divisions of Medicinal Chemistry & Organic Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- Southwest Comprehensive Center for Drug Discovery and Development
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
|
56
|
|
57
|
Borthwick AD, Liddle J. The design of orally bioavailable 2, 5-diketopiperazine oxytocin antagonists: from concept to clinical candidate for premature labor. Med Res Rev 2009; 31:576-604. [PMID: 20027670 DOI: 10.1002/med.20193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A short, efficient and highly stereoselective synthesis has been developed for a series of 6-indanyl-3-alkyl-7-aryl/heterocyclic-(3R, 6R, 7R)-2, 5-diketopiperazine amides that are potent and selective oxytocin (OT) antagonists. Property-based design using an estimate of human oral absorption enabled focus to be directed to those templates with the greatest chance of delivering high bioavailability in humans. This led to the 2', 4'-difluorophenyl dimethylamide 40, a highly potent (pK(i) =9.2) and selective OT antagonist (>1,000-fold selectivity vs. the human vasopressin receptors V1a, V2, and V1b) with good oral bioavailability (>50%) in the rat and dog. Increased solubility and an improved Cyp450 profile was achieved with a range of 2'-substituted 7-(1',3'-oxazol-4'-yl)-(3R,6R,7R)-2,5-diketopiperazine amides and branching at the α-carbon of the 3-butyl group led to a superior rat pharmacokinetic profile that resulted in the discovery of the 2'-methyl-1',3'-oxazol-4'-yl morpholine amide derivative 74 GSK221149A (Retosiban), which had the best oral exposure and bioavailability in the rat. Retosiban has sub-nanomolar affinity (K(i) =0.65 nM) for the oxytocin receptor with >1400-fold selectivity over the closely related vasopressin receptors. It has good solubility, low protein binding and has a good Cyp450 profile with no significant inhibition IC(50) >100 µM. Retosiban is >15-fold more potent at the human oxytocin receptor than atosiban (a marketed i.v, peptide OT antagonist) and it has been shown to be an effective tocolytic by i.v. and by oral administration in rats, and was selected for progression as a potential clinical candidate for preterm labor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Borthwick
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Herts, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
58
|
Abstract
A convergent 2-step procedure toward an array of indole derivatives involving an Ugi reaction and a Pictet-Spengler reaction is described. The reactions are versatile regarding different starting materials. Hexacyclic 24 can be produced with unprecedented complexity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
59
|
Hulme C, Chappeta S, Griffith C, Lee YS, Dietrich J. An efficient solution phase synthesis of triazadibenzoazulenones: ‘designer isonitrile free’ methodology enabled by microwaves. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.02.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
60
|
Abstract
While the placebo responses in various medical conditions have been shown to follow a few basic principles such as expectancies, reward learning and Pavlovian conditioning, the underlying neurobiology and the mediating hormonal and/or neuromodulating processing have remained obscure. We here report the collected evidence that oxytocin (OXT), a 389-amino acid polypeptide located on chromosome 3p25 that is released in the brain (hypothalamus) and in peripheral tissue, is the central mediator of the placebo response: we hypothesize that exogenous OXT via an OXT agonist will enhance the placebo response, while exogenous OXT blockade by an antagonist will reduce the placebo response in placebo analgesia and other placebo models. It is furthermore proposed that the placebo response in trials may be predicted by circulating plasma OXT levels, the OXT receptor density in the brain and/or the presence of one or more of the single nucleotide polymorphisms of the OXT promoter gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Enck
- Department of Internal Medicine VI: Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
61
|
Weill N, Rognan D. Development and Validation of a Novel Protein−Ligand Fingerprint To Mine Chemogenomic Space: Application to G Protein-Coupled Receptors and Their Ligands. J Chem Inf Model 2009; 49:1049-62. [DOI: 10.1021/ci800447g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael Weill
- Structural Chemogenomics Group, Laboratory of Therapeutic Inovation, UMR 7200 CNRS-UdS (Université de Strasbourg), 74 route du Rhin, B.P.24, F-67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Didier Rognan
- Structural Chemogenomics Group, Laboratory of Therapeutic Inovation, UMR 7200 CNRS-UdS (Université de Strasbourg), 74 route du Rhin, B.P.24, F-67400 Illkirch, France
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Moos WH, Hurt CR, Morales GA. Combinatorial chemistry: oh what a decade or two can do. Mol Divers 2009; 13:241-5. [PMID: 19255865 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-009-9127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This short commentary takes a stroll through the early days of the field of combinatorial chemistry and molecular diversity. It offers a high-level perspective on the field's beginnings--and its future--as it relates to journals, books, pioneers, and advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walter H Moos
- SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
63
|
Dömling A, Srivastava S, Beck B, Herdtweck E, Khoury K. A Novel Δ-Thiolactone Scaffold by a Versatile Intramolecular Multicomponent Reaction. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/com-08-s(f)101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
64
|
Barton NP, Bellenie BR, Doran AT, Emmons AJ, Heer JP, Salvagno CM. Discovery and optimisation of a potent and selective tertiary sulfonamide oxytocin antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:528-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2008] [Revised: 11/05/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
65
|
Bellenie BR, Barton NP, Emmons AJ, Heer JP, Salvagno C. Discovery and optimization of highly ligand-efficient oxytocin receptor antagonists using structure-based drug design. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:990-4. [PMID: 19095447 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2008] [Revised: 11/17/2008] [Accepted: 11/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel oxytocin antagonist was identified by 'scaffold-hopping' using Cresset FieldScreen molecular field similarity searching. A single cycle of optimization driven by an understanding of the key pharmacophoric elements required for activity led to the discovery of a potent, selective and highly ligand-efficient oxytocin receptor antagonist. Selectivity over vasopressin receptors was rationalized based on differences in the structure of the natural ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Bellenie
- GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, New Frontiers Science Park (North), Coldharbour Road, Harlow, Essex CM19 5AD, England, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
66
|
|
67
|
Akritopoulou-Zanze I. Isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions in drug discovery. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2008; 12:324-31. [PMID: 18312861 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Revised: 02/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|