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Saikia P, Gogoi S, Boruah RC. Carbon-Carbon Bond Cleavage Reaction: Synthesis of Multisubstituted Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6885-9. [PMID: 26083788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new carbon-carbon bond cleavage reaction was developed for the efficient synthesis of multisubstituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines. This base induced reaction of 1,3,5-trisubstituted pentane-1,5-diones and substituted pyrazoles afforded good yields of the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallabi Saikia
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Sanjib Gogoi
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Romesh C Boruah
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
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52
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Ma J, Bao G, Wang L, Li W, Xu B, Du B, Lv J, Zhai X, Gong P. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and preliminary mechanism study of novel benzothiazole derivatives bearing indole-based moiety as potent antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 96:173-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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53
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Gill RK, Rawal RK, Bariwal J. Recent advances in the chemistry and biology of benzothiazoles. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2015; 348:155-78. [PMID: 25682746 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201400340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Benzothiazole is a privileged heterocyclic scaffold having a benzene ring fused with a five-membered thiazole ring. This moiety has attracted considerable attention because of its wide range of pharmacological activities such as antitubercular, antimicrobial, antimalarial, anticonvulsant, anthelmintic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antitumor activity, etc. In the last few years, some novel benzothiazoles have been developed with varied biological activities. To access this scaffold in high yield and to introduce diversity, a variety of new synthetic methods have been invented. In this review, we highlight the development of novel benzothiazoles for various biological activities along with the best synthetic protocols for their synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupinder K Gill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India; Research Scholar, Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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54
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Investigation of podophyllotoxin esters as potential anticancer agents: Synthesis, biological studies and tubulin inhibition properties. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 89:128-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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55
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of 7-trifluoromethylpyrazolo[1,5- a ]pyrimidines as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents. J Fluor Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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56
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Hassan AS, Hafez TS, Osman SA. Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity of Some New 5-Aminopyrazole and Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine Derivatives. Sci Pharm 2014; 83:27-39. [PMID: 26839799 PMCID: PMC4727791 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1409-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Amino-N-aryl-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamides 4a–c were synthesized by the reaction of N-(aryl)-2-cyano-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-3-(methylthio)acrylamides 3a–c with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol. The reaction of 5-amino-N-aryl-1H-pyrazoles 4a–c with acetylacetone 5 or 2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)malononitrile 8 yielded the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives 7a–c and 10a–c, respectively. The structures of the synthesized compounds were established based on elemental analysis and spectral data (IR, MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR). Representative examples of the new synthesized products were screened for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf S Hassan
- Department of Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry, National Research Centre, El-Buhoth St, Cairo, Doki, Egypt
| | - Taghrid S Hafez
- Department of Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry, National Research Centre, El-Buhoth St, Cairo, Doki, Egypt
| | - Souad A Osman
- Department of Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry, National Research Centre, El-Buhoth St, Cairo, Doki, Egypt
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57
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Keri RS, Patil MR, Patil SA, Budagumpi S. A comprehensive review in current developments of benzothiazole-based molecules in medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 89:207-51. [PMID: 25462241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Benzothiazole (BTA) and its derivatives are the most important heterocyclic compounds, which are common and integral feature of a variety of natural products and pharmaceutical agents. BTA shows a variety of pharmacological properties, and its analogs offer a high degree of structural diversity that has proven useful for the search of new therapeutic agents. The broad spectrum of pharmacological activity in individual BTA derivative indicates that, this series of compounds is of an undoubted interest. The related research and developments in BTA-based medicinal chemistry have become a rapidly developing and increasingly active topic. Particularly, numerous BTA-based compounds as clinical drugs have been extensively used in practice to treat various types of diseases with high therapeutic potency. This work systematically gives a comprehensive review in current developments of BTA-based compounds in the whole range of medicinal chemistry as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiinflammatory, analgesic, anti-HIV, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antitubercular, antidiabetic, antileishmanial, antihistaminic, antimalarial and other medicinal agents. It is believed that, this review article is helpful for new thoughts in the quest for rational designs of more active and less toxic BTA-based drugs, as well as more effective diagnostic agents and pathologic probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangappa S Keri
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore 562112, Karnataka, India.
| | - Mahadeo R Patil
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore 562112, Karnataka, India
| | - Siddappa A Patil
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore 562112, Karnataka, India
| | - Srinivasa Budagumpi
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore 562112, Karnataka, India
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58
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Ma J, Zhang G, Han X, Bao G, Wang L, Zhai X, Gong P. Synthesis and biological evaluation of benzothiazole derivatives bearing the ortho-hydroxy-N-acylhydrazone moiety as potent antitumor agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2014; 347:936-49. [PMID: 25230149 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201400230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of benzothiazole derivatives bearing the ortho-hydroxy-N-acylhydrazone moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their procaspase-3 kinase activation activities and antiproliferative activities against five cancer cell lines (NCI-H226, SK-N-SH, HT29, MKN-45, and MDA-MB-231). Most target compounds showed moderate to excellent cytotoxic activity against all five tested cancer lines. The most promising compound 18e (procaspase-3 EC50 = 0.31 µM) with IC50 values ranging from 0.24 to 0.92µM against all tested cell lines was 4.24-12.2 times more active than PAC-1 (procaspase-3 EC50 = 0.41 µM). Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that the phenyl group on the 2-hydroxyphenyl ring (moiety A) was critical for pharmacological activity in vitro. In addition, introduction of a benzyloxyl group on moiety A and a mono-electron-withdrawing group at the 4-position of the benzyloxyl group were more favorable for antitumor activity. Moreover, reduction of the electron density in the phenyl ring of the benzyloxy group led to a dramatic decrease in the procaspase-3 kinase activation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, P. R. China
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Ma J, Chen D, Lu K, Wang L, Han X, Zhao Y, Gong P. Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of novel benzothiazole derivatives bearing the ortho-hydroxy N-carbamoylhydrazone moiety as potent antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:257-69. [PMID: 25171780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel benzothiazole derivatives bearing the ortho-hydroxy N-carbamoylhydrazone moiety were designed and synthesized and their cytotoxic activities against five cancer cell lines (NCI-H226, SK-N-SH, HT29, MKN45, and MDA-MB-231) were screened in vitro. Most of them showed moderate to excellent activity against all the tested cell lines. Among them, compounds 15g (procaspase-3 EC50 = 1.42 μM) and 16b (procaspase-3 EC50 = 0.25 μM) exhibited excellent antitumor activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.14 μM to 0.98 μM against all cancer cell lines, which were 1.8-8.7 times more active than the first procaspase activating compound (PAC-1) (procaspase-3 EC50 = 4.08 μM). The structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses indicated that the introduction of a lipophilic group (a benzyloxy or heteroaryloxy group) at the 4-position of the 2-hydroxy phenyl ring was beneficial to antitumor activity, and the presence of substituents containing nitrogen that are positively charged at physiological pH could also improve antitumor activity. It was also confirmed that the steric effect of the 4-position substituent of the benzyloxy group had a significant influence on cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University) Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Dong Chen
- Qilu Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ji'nan 250100, PR China
| | - Kuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University) Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University College of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaoqi Han
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University) Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University) Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Ping Gong
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University) Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
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60
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Shao KP, Zhang XY, Chen PJ, Xue DQ, He P, Ma LY, Zheng JX, Zhang QR, Liu HM. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrimidine–benzimidazol hybrids as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:3877-81. [PMID: 25001482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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61
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Zhao N, Liu L, Wang F, Li J, Zhang W. Copper/N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylethylenediamine-Catalyzed Synthesis ofN-Substituted BenzoheterocyclesviaCS Cross- Coupling at Ambient Temperature in Water. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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62
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Synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of novel pyrimidine–benzimidazol combinations. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2741-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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63
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Shao K, Zhang X, Zhang X, Xue D, Ma L, Zhang Q, Liu H. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity Evaluation of Pyrimidine Analogues Bearing Urea Moiety. CHINESE J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201400095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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64
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Kamal A, Ashraf M, Khan MNA, Nimbarte VD, Faazil S, Subba Reddy NV, Taj S. Retracted: Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of 2-Anilinopyridine-3-Acrylamides as Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1615. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201400036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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65
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A two-step, single pot procedure for the synthesis of substituted dihydropyrazolo-pyrimidines. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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66
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Zhang X, Song Y, Gao L, Guo X, Fan X. Highly facile and regio-selective synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines via reactions of 1,2-allenic ketones with aminopyrazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:2099-107. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42445f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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67
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Maurya RA, Nayak R, Reddy CN, Kapure JS, Nanubolu JB, Singarapu KK, Ajitha M, kamal A. Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of novel spiropyrrolidines through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of azomethine ylides and 2-styrylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03508a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient regio- and stereoselective synthesis of novel spiropyrrolidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Awatar Maurya
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India-500007
| | - Ranjita Nayak
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India-500007
| | - Chada Narsimha Reddy
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India-500007
| | - Jeevak Sopanrao Kapure
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India-500007
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- Centre for X-ray Crystallography
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500607, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Singarapu
- Centre for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007, India
| | - M. Ajitha
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University
- Hyderabad-500085, India
| | - Ahmed kamal
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India-500007
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68
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Kamal A, Ashraf M, Vishnu Vardhan MVPS, Faazil S, Nayak VL. Synthesis and anticancer potential of benzothiazole linked phenylpyridopyrimidinones and their diones as mitochondrial apoptotic inducers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 24:147-51. [PMID: 24332497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of benzothiazole linked phenylpyridopyrimidinones (8a-g) and their diones (9a-g) have been designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity. Among the series one of the conjugate 8b showed significant cytotoxicity against human cervical cancer cell line ME-180 with IC50 value of 4.01μM. This compound was tested on the cell cycle perturbations and DNA damage. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the compound 8b showed drastic cell cycle perturbations due to concentration dependent increase in the sub-G0 phase in ME-180 cell line. DNA fragmentation and Hoechst staining reveals that this compound induced cell death by apoptosis. Further caspase-3 and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential suggested that the compound induces cell death by apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
| | - Md Ashraf
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - M V P S Vishnu Vardhan
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Shaikh Faazil
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - V Lakshma Nayak
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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