51
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Lee SR, Nilius B, Han J. Gaseous Signaling Molecules in Cardiovascular Function: From Mechanisms to Clinical Translation. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 174:81-156. [PMID: 29372329 DOI: 10.1007/112_2017_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and nitric oxide (NO) constitute endogenous gaseous molecules produced by specific enzymes. These gases are chemically simple, but exert multiple effects and act through shared molecular targets to control both physiology and pathophysiology in the cardiovascular system (CVS). The gases act via direct and/or indirect interactions with each other in proteins such as heme-containing enzymes, the mitochondrial respiratory complex, and ion channels, among others. Studies of the major impacts of CO, H2S, and NO on the CVS have revealed their involvement in controlling blood pressure and in reducing cardiac reperfusion injuries, although their functional roles are not limited to these conditions. In this review, the basic aspects of CO, H2S, and NO, including their production and effects on enzymes, mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis, and ion channels are briefly addressed to provide insight into their biology with respect to the CVS. Finally, potential therapeutic applications of CO, H2S, and NO with the CVS are addressed, based on the use of exogenous donors and different types of delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ryul Lee
- Department of Convergence Biomedical Science, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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52
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Bis(4-nitrobenzenethiolato)tetranitrosyldiiron: synthesis, structure, and pharmacological activity of a new nitric oxide (NO) donor. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1944-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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53
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Beckett D, Edelmann M, Raff JD, Raghavachari K. Hidden complexities in the reaction of H 2O 2 and HNO revealed by ab initio quantum chemical investigations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:29549-29560. [PMID: 29082395 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05883g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO) and hydrogen peroxide have both been implicated in a variety of reactions relevant to environmental and physiological processes and may contribute to a unique, unexplored, pathway for the production of nitrous acid (HONO) in soil. To investigate the potential for this reaction, we report an in-depth investigation of the reaction pathway of H2O2 and HNO forming HONO and water. We find the breaking of the peroxide bond and a coupled proton transfer in the first step leads to hydrogen nitryl (HNO2) and an endogenous water, with an extrapolated NEVPT2 (multireference perturbation theory) barrier of 29.3 kcal mol-1. The first transition state is shown to possess diradical character linking the far peroxide oxygen to the bridging, reacting, peroxide oxygen. The energy of this first step, when calculated using hybrid density functional theory, is shown to depend heavily on the amount of Hartree-Fock exchange in the functional, with higher amounts leading to a higher barrier and more diradical character. Additionally, high amounts of spin contamination cause CCSD(T) to significantly overestimate the TS1 barrier with a value of 36.2 kcal mol-1 when using the stable UHF wavefunction as the reference wavefunction. However, when using the restricted Hartree-Fock reference wavefunction, the TS1 CCSD(T) energy is lowered to yield a barrier of 31.2 kcal mol-1, in much better agreement with the NEVPT2 result. The second step in the reaction is the isomerization of HNO2 to trans-HONO through a Grotthuss-like mechanism accepting a proton from and donating a proton to the endogenous water. This new mechanism for the isomerization of HNO2 is shown to have an NEVPT2 barrier of 23.3 kcal mol-1, much lower than previous unimolecular estimates not including an explicit water. Finally, inclusion of an additional explicit water is shown to lower the HNO2 isomerization barrier even further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Beckett
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
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54
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Liu K, Kong X, Ma Y, Lin W. Rational Design of a Robust Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Endogenous Carbon Monoxide in Living Zebrafish Embryos and Mouse Tissue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:13489-13492. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keyin Liu
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; 250022 Jinan Shandong China
| | - Xiuqi Kong
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; 250022 Jinan Shandong China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; 250022 Jinan Shandong China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; 250022 Jinan Shandong China
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55
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Liu K, Kong X, Ma Y, Lin W. Rational Design of a Robust Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Endogenous Carbon Monoxide in Living Zebrafish Embryos and Mouse Tissue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keyin Liu
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; 250022 Jinan Shandong China
| | - Xiuqi Kong
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; 250022 Jinan Shandong China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; 250022 Jinan Shandong China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; 250022 Jinan Shandong China
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56
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Panthi S, Gautam K. Roles of nitric oxide and ethyl pyruvate after peripheral nerve injury. Inflamm Regen 2017; 37:20. [PMID: 29259719 PMCID: PMC5725928 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-017-0051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-lived reactive nitrogen species and reactive oxygen species have acquired significant attention in the field of biomedical science. Nitric oxide (NO), which was thought to be an unstable gas and pollutant, is now regarded as a gas transmitter like H2S and CO. NO is synthesized inside the mammalian body by l-arginine via three different isoforms of NO synthase whereas pyruvate is a glycolysis product and substrate for TCA cycle. Due to poor solubility and stability, therapeutic potential of pyruvate is limited. Ethyl pyruvate (EP) is now considered as a suitable replacement of pyruvate. In this paper, we will try to focus the effect of NO and EP in Schwann cell dedifferentiation, proliferation, nerve degeneration, and regeneration during Wallerian degeneration (WD) of peripheral nerve injury along with their neuroprotective effects, cardiovascular functioning, support in hepatic complication, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandesh Panthi
- Otago School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Kripa Gautam
- China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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57
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Cortese-Krott MM, Koning A, Kuhnle GG, Nagy P, Bianco CL, Pasch A, Wink DA, Fukuto JM, Jackson AA, van Goor H, Olson KR, Feelisch M. The Reactive Species Interactome: Evolutionary Emergence, Biological Significance, and Opportunities for Redox Metabolomics and Personalized Medicine. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:684-712. [PMID: 28398072 PMCID: PMC5576088 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxidative stress is thought to account for aberrant redox homeostasis and contribute to aging and disease. However, more often than not, administration of antioxidants is ineffective, suggesting that our current understanding of the underlying regulatory processes is incomplete. Recent Advances: Similar to reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, reactive sulfur species are now emerging as important signaling molecules, targeting regulatory cysteine redox switches in proteins, affecting gene regulation, ion transport, intermediary metabolism, and mitochondrial function. To rationalize the complexity of chemical interactions of reactive species with themselves and their targets and help define their role in systemic metabolic control, we here introduce a novel integrative concept defined as the reactive species interactome (RSI). The RSI is a primeval multilevel redox regulatory system whose architecture, together with the physicochemical characteristics of its constituents, allows efficient sensing and rapid adaptation to environmental changes and various other stressors to enhance fitness and resilience at the local and whole-organism level. CRITICAL ISSUES To better characterize the RSI-related processes that determine fluxes through specific pathways and enable integration, it is necessary to disentangle the chemical biology and activity of reactive species (including precursors and reaction products), their targets, communication systems, and effects on cellular, organ, and whole-organism bioenergetics using system-level/network analyses. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Understanding the mechanisms through which the RSI operates will enable a better appreciation of the possibilities to modulate the entire biological system; moreover, unveiling molecular signatures that characterize specific environmental challenges or other forms of stress will provide new prevention/intervention opportunities for personalized medicine. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam M. Cortese-Krott
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anne Koning
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gunter G.C. Kuhnle
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Nagy
- Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Andreas Pasch
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Bern and Calciscon AG, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David A. Wink
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Jon M. Fukuto
- Department of Chemistry, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, California
| | - Alan A. Jackson
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth R. Olson
- Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Martin Feelisch
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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58
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Neglected role of hydrogen sulfide in sulfur mustard poisoning: Keap1 S-sulfhydration and subsequent Nrf2 pathway activation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9433. [PMID: 28842592 PMCID: PMC5572733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09648-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent and a terrorism choice that targets various organs and tissues, especially lung tissues. Its toxic effects are tightly associated with oxidative stress. The signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S) protects the lungs against oxidative stress and activates the NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Here, we sought to establish whether endogenous H2S plays a role in SM induced lesion in mouse lungs and lung cells and whether endogenous H2S plays the role through Nrf2 pathway to protect against SM-induced oxidative damage. Furthermore, we also explored whether activation of Nrf2 by H2S involves sulfhydration of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1). Using a mouse model of SM-induced lung injury, we demonstrated that SM-induced attenuation of the sulfide concentration was prevented by NaHS. Concomitantly, NaHS attenuates SM-induced oxidative stress. We also found that H2S enhanced Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and stimulated expression of Nrf2-targeted downstream protein and mRNA levels. Incubation of the lung cells with NaHS decreased SM-induced ROS production. Furthermore, we also found that H2S S-sulfhydrated Keap1, which induced Nrf2 dissociation from Keap1, and enhanced Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Our data indicate that H2S is a critical, however, being long neglected signal molecule in SM-induced lung injury.
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59
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Abstract
The increasing understanding of the role of nitric oxide (NO) in cancer biology has generated significant progress in the use of NO donor-based therapy to fight cancer. These advances strongly suggest the potential adoption of NO donor-based therapy in clinical practice, and this has been supported by several clinical studies in the past decade. In this review, we first highlight several types of important NO donors, including recently developed NO donors bearing a dinitroazetidine skeleton, represented by RRx-001, with potential utility in cancer therapy. Special emphasis is then given to the combination of NO donor(s) with other therapies to achieve synergy and to the hybridization of NO donor(s) with an anticancer drug/agent/fragment to enhance the activity or specificity or to reduce toxicity. In addition, we briefly describe inducible NO synthase gene therapy and nanotechnology, which have recently entered the field of NO donor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Fu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 211166, P.R. China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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60
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Vorobyev V, Emelyanov VA, Plusnina OA, Makarov EM, Baidina IA, Smolentsev AI, Tkachev SV, Asanova TI. TriamminefacandmerCoordination for Ruthenium-Nitrosyl Complexes: Synthesis and Characterization of [RuNO(NH3)3Cl2]Cl. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasily Vorobyev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science; 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Natural Sciences Department; Novosibirsk State University; 2 Pirogova Str. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Vyacheslav A. Emelyanov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science; 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Natural Sciences Department; Novosibirsk State University; 2 Pirogova Str. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Olga A. Plusnina
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science; 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Edgar M. Makarov
- Natural Sciences Department; Novosibirsk State University; 2 Pirogova Str. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Iraida A. Baidina
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science; 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Anton I. Smolentsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science; 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Sergey V. Tkachev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science; 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Tatyana I. Asanova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science; 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
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61
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Oszajca M, Brindell M, Orzeł Ł, Dąbrowski JM, Śpiewak K, Łabuz P, Pacia M, Stochel-Gaudyn A, Macyk W, van Eldik R, Stochel G. Mechanistic studies on versatile metal-assisted hydrogen peroxide activation processes for biomedical and environmental incentives. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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62
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Electronic structure, stability and spectroscopy of low-lying states of NO−, HNO− and HON− molecular anions. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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63
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Deng G, Wu Z, Li D, Linguerri R, Francisco JS, Zeng X. Simplest N-Sulfonylamine HNSO2. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:11509-12. [PMID: 27575523 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guohai Deng
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhuang Wu
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dingqing Li
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Roberto Linguerri
- Laboratorie
de Modelisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, Universite Paris-Est, 77454 Marne La Vallee, France
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xiaoqing Zeng
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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64
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Bianco CL, Toscano JP, Bartberger MD, Fukuto JM. The chemical biology of HNO signaling. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 617:129-136. [PMID: 27555493 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO) is a simple molecule with significant potential as a pharmacological agent. For example, its use in the possible treatment of heart failure has received recent attention due to its unique therapeutic properties. Recent progress has been made on the elucidation of the mechanisms associated with its biological signaling. Importantly, the biochemical mechanisms described for HNO bioactivity are consistent with its unique and novel chemical properties/reactivity. To date, much of the biology of HNO can be associated with interactions and modification of important regulatory thiol proteins. Herein will be provided a description of HNO chemistry and how this chemistry translates to some of its reported biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John P Toscano
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Michael D Bartberger
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | - Jon M Fukuto
- Department of Chemistry, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA.
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65
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Chinta KC, Saini V, Glasgow JN, Mazorodze JH, Rahman MA, Reddy D, Lancaster JR, Steyn AJC. The emerging role of gasotransmitters in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Nitric Oxide 2016; 59:28-41. [PMID: 27387335 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a facultative intracellular pathogen and the second largest contributor to global mortality caused by an infectious agent after HIV. In infected host cells, Mtb is faced with a harsh intracellular environment including hypoxia and the release of nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) by immune cells. Hypoxia, NO and CO induce a state of in vitro dormancy where Mtb senses these gases via the DosS and DosT heme sensor kinase proteins, which in turn induce a set of ∼47 genes, known as the Mtb Dos dormancy regulon. On the contrary, both iNOS and HO-1, which produce NO and CO, respectively, have been shown to be important against mycobacterial disease progression. In this review, we discuss the impact of O2, NO and CO on Mtb physiology and in host responses to Mtb infection as well as the potential role of another major endogenous gas, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), in Mtb pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna C Chinta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vikram Saini
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; UAB Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joel N Glasgow
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James H Mazorodze
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for TB and HIV (KRITH), Durban, South Africa
| | - Md Aejazur Rahman
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for TB and HIV (KRITH), Durban, South Africa
| | - Darshan Reddy
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Jack R Lancaster
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adrie J C Steyn
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for TB and HIV (KRITH), Durban, South Africa; UAB Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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66
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Ford PC. From curiosity to applications. A personal perspective on inorganic photochemistry. Chem Sci 2016; 7:2964-2986. [PMID: 29997786 PMCID: PMC6003602 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00188b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past several decades, the photochemistry and photophysics of transition metal compounds has blossomed from a relatively niche topic to a major research theme. Applications arising from the elucidation of the fundamental principles defining this field now range from probing the rates and mechanisms of small molecules with metalloproteins to light activated molecular machines. Offered here is a personal perspective of metal complex photochemistry drawn from this author's long involvement with this field. Several examples are described. Topics include characterizing key excited states and tuning these to modify chemical reactivity and/or photoluminescence properties, as well as using photoreactions as an entry to reactive intermediates relevant to homogeneous catalysts. This is followed by discussions of applying these concepts to developing precursors and precursor-antenna conjugates for the photochemical delivery of small molecule bioregulators to physiological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Ford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93110-9510 , USA .
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