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Long non-coding RNA MT1DP shunts the cellular defense to cytotoxicity through crosstalk with MT1H and RhoC in cadmium stress. Cell Discov 2018; 4:5. [PMID: 29507753 PMCID: PMC5824791 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-017-0005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are known to protect cells against oxidative stress, especially providing protection against cadmium (Cd) toxicity in hepatocytes. There are various gene variants and pseudogenes for MTs; however, there is little understanding on the functions of those non-coding MT members that are known to be expressed as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) nowadays. Different from most protein-coding MT members, MT1DP was here found that remarkably induced to provoke cytotoxicity in hepatocytes in response to Cd treatment. MT1DP exerted such a pro-apoptotic function in Cd-treated hepatocytes through interacting with two partners: RhoC and MT1H. On one hand, MT1DP interacted with RhoC protein to increase the latter’s stability by preventing lysosome-dependent protein degradation. Therefore, upon Cd stress, MT1DP/RhoC complex was quickly reinforced to activate RhoC-CCN1/2-AKT signaling and potentiate Ca2+ influx, leading to enhanced Cd uptake and elevated Cd toxicity. On the other hand, MT1H, a protein-coding member of the MT family with little known function, was found to quickly respond to Cd exposure along with MT1DP. Mechanistically, MT1H and MT1DP were uncovered to mutually protect each other through a reciprocal ceRNA mechanism, building up a positive feedback loop to enforce MT1DP-conducted signaling upon Cd exposure. Moreover, MT1DP was found to contribute much more to the activation of RhoC-CCN1/2-AKT signaling than MT1H. Considered together, we here unveiled a mystery whether a pseudogene within the MT family, MT1DP, has actual biological functions in regulating Cd-induced cellular defense. Our findings unearthed an important role of pseudogene MT1DP in calibrating the cellular machinery to switch the cellular defense to cytotoxicity through crosslinking an interplay between its two partners, namely MT1H and RhoC, under cadmium stress.
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Xiao Z, Shen J, Zhang L, Li M, Hu W, Cho C. Therapeutic targeting of noncoding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: Recent progress and future prospects. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:3395-3402. [PMID: 29467864 PMCID: PMC5796293 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the high mortality rate and unsatisfactory treatment options available, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality. Novel therapeutic targets for HCC are urgently required. Advanced RNA sequencing technology enables the identification of considerable amounts of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including small noncoding RNAs and long noncoding RNAs, which exhibit no protein-coding activities. In this respect, ncRNAs and their regulatory processes are important factors in liver tumorigenesis. The present review focuses on the characteristics and biological roles of ncRNAs in HCC. Potential therapeutic applications of ncRNAs in HCC are also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Hu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Chihin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
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53
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Mehra M, Chauhan R. Long Noncoding RNAs as a Key Player in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2017; 9:1179299X17737301. [PMID: 29147078 PMCID: PMC5673005 DOI: 10.1177/1179299x17737301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major malignancy in the liver and has emerged as one of the main cancers in the world with a high mortality rate. However, the molecular mechanisms of HCC are still poorly understood. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently come to the forefront as functional non-protein-coding RNAs that are involved in a variety of cellular processes ranging from maintaining the structural integrity of chromosomes to gene expression regulation in a spatiotemporal manner. Many recent studies have reported the involvement of lncRNAs in HCC which has led to a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms operating in HCC. Long noncoding RNAs have been shown to regulate development and progression of HCC, and thus, lncRNAs have both diagnostic and therapeutic potentials. In this review, we present an overview of the lncRNAs involved in different stages of HCC and their potential in clinical applications which have been studied so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrigaya Mehra
- Studio of Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Chennai, India
| | - Ranjit Chauhan
- Department of Hepatology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Molecular Virology and Hepatology Research Group, Division of BioMedical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Memorial University, St John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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54
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Gao Y, Feng J, Yang G, Zhang S, Liu Y, Bu Y, Sun M, Zhao M, Chen F, Zhang W, Ye L, Zhang X. Hepatitis B virus X protein-elevated MSL2 modulates hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA by inducing degradation of APOBEC3B to enhance hepatocarcinogenesis. Hepatology 2017; 66:1413-1429. [PMID: 28608964 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading cause in the occurrence of hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer, in which nuclear HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the genomic form that templates viral transcription and sustains viral persistence, plays crucial roles. In the present study, we explored the hypothesis that HBV X protein (HBx)-elevated male-specific lethal 2 (MSL2) activated HBV replication by modulating cccDNA in hepatoma cells, leading to hepatocarcinogenesis. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the expression of MSL2 was positively associated with that of HBV and was increased in the liver tissues of HBV-transgenic mice and clinical HCC patients. Interestingly, microarray profiling identified that MSL2 was associated with those genes responding to the virus. Mechanistically, MSL2 could maintain HBV cccDNA stability through degradation of APOBEC3B by ubiquitylation in hepatoma cells. Above all, HBx accounted for the up-regulation of MSL2 in stably HBx-transfected hepatoma cell lines and liver tissues of HBx-transgenic mice. Luciferase reporter gene assays revealed that the promoter region of MSL2 regulated by HBx was located at nucleotide -1317/-1167 containing FoxA1 binding element. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay validated that HBx could enhance the binding property of FoxA1 to MSL2 promoter region. HBx up-regulated MSL2 by activating YAP/FoxA1 signaling. Functionally, silencing MSL2 was able to block the growth of hepatoma cells in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION HBx-elevated MSL2 modulates HBV cccDNA in hepatoma cells to promote hepatocarcinogenesis, forming a positive feedback loop of HBx/MSL2/cccDNA/HBV. Our finding uncovers insights into the mechanism by which MSL2 as a promotion factor in host cells selectively activates extrachromosomal DNA. (Hepatology 2017;66:1413-1429).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinyan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Man Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fuquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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55
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Lin Z, Lai S, He X, Zhuo W, Wang L, Si J, Chen S. Decreased long non-coding RNA MTM contributes to gastric cancer cell migration and invasion via modulating MT1F. Oncotarget 2017; 8:97371-97383. [PMID: 29228617 PMCID: PMC5722569 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) on gastric cancer (GC) are an emerging field. Here, we focused on a cancer-related lncRNA MTM and tried to explore its correlation with the development of GC. The expression of MTM was detected by qRT-PCR in GC cell lines and tissues. The relationship between MTM level and clinicopathological factors was then analyzed. Cell biological assays with overexpression or co-transfection approaches were examined to probe the functional relevance of this lncRNA and its potential targets. The results showed that MTM expression was significantly lower in GC cell lines and tissues, and closely correlated with lymphatic metastasis, invasive depth, tumor staging and overall survival. Overexpression of MTM significantly inhibited GC cell migration and invasion, suppressed cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. In addition, we found a positive correlation between the expression level of MTM and MT1F both in cell and tissue samples. MT1F overexpression decreased GC cell migration and invasion, while knockdown of MT1F restored cell migration and invasion in MTM-overexpressing GC cells, suggesting MT1F as a key target of MTM. Conclusively, abnormal decreased expression of MTM was observed in human GC, which might contribute to gastric carcinogenesis by modulating MT1F expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang Province, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sanchuan Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang Province, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xingkang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang Province, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Zhuo
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Cell Biology and Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang Province, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianmin Si
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang Province, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shujie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang Province, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
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56
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Krizkova S, Kepinska M, Emri G, Eckschlager T, Stiborova M, Pokorna P, Heger Z, Adam V. An insight into the complex roles of metallothioneins in malignant diseases with emphasis on (sub)isoforms/isoforms and epigenetics phenomena. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 183:90-117. [PMID: 28987322 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) belong to a group of small cysteine-rich proteins that are ubiquitous throughout all kingdoms. The main function of MTs is scavenging of free radicals and detoxification and homeostating of heavy metals. In humans, 16 genes localized on chromosome 16 have been identified to encode four MT isoforms labelled by numbers (MT-1-MT-4). MT-2, MT-3 and MT-4 proteins are encoded by a single gene. MT-1 comprises many (sub)isoforms. The known active MT-1 genes are MT-1A, -1B, -1E, -1F, -1G, -1H, -1M and -1X. The rest of the MT-1 genes (MT-1C, -1D, -1I, -1J and -1L) are pseudogenes. The expression and localization of individual MT (sub)isoforms and pseudogenes vary at intra-cellular level and in individual tissues. Changes in MT expression are associated with the process of carcinogenesis of various types of human malignancies, or with a more aggressive phenotype and therapeutic resistance. Hence, MT (sub)isoform profiling status could be utilized for diagnostics and therapy of tumour diseases. This review aims on a comprehensive summary of methods for analysis of MTs at (sub)isoforms levels, their expression in single tumour diseases and strategies how this knowledge can be utilized in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Krizkova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Gabriella Emri
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tomas Eckschlager
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, CZ-150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Pokorna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Department of Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, CZ-150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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57
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Zhang S, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Liu L. MicroRNA-30a-5p suppresses proliferation, invasion and tumor growth of hepatocellular cancer cells via targeting FOXA1. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5018-5026. [PMID: 29085515 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of microRNAs (miRs) has been observed in a variety of types of human cancer. Previously, miR-30a-5p has been demonstrated to exhibit a suppressive role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. The present study aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of miR-30a-5p in proliferation and invasion of HCC cells. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase and western blotting were used to examine mRNA and protein expression of Forkhead box A1 (FOXA1). MTT and Transwell assays were performed to examine proliferation and invasion. Luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the association between miR-30a-5p and FOXA1. The data indicated that miR-30a-5p was significantly downregulated in HCC tissues compared with normal liver tissues. Furthermore, the level of miR-30a-5p was lower in HCC tissues with higher histological grade and advanced tumor stage compared with tissues with lower histological grade and tumor stage. Additionally, restoration of miR-30a-5p expression decreased the proliferation and invasion of HCC HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells. FOXA1, a novel oncogene in HCC, was further identified as a target of miR-30a-5p. Furthermore, high expression of miR-30a-5p suppressed mRNA and protein expression of FOXA1, while overexpression of FOXA1 reversed the suppressive effect of miR-30a-5p on proliferation and invasion of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells. FOXA1 was markedly upregulated in HCC tissues compared with normal liver tissues, and its level was higher in HCC tissues with higher histological grade and advanced tumor stage. In addition, it was found that overexpression of miR-30a-5p significantly suppressed the tumor growth of HCC cells in nude mice. Taken together, the present study supports that miR-30a-5p inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and tumor growth of HCC cells, partly at least, by inhibition of FOXA1 expression, and therefore suggests that miR-30a-5p may serve as a potential candidate for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuliang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Linzi District People's Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, P.R. China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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58
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The Hippo pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma: Non-coding RNAs in action. Cancer Lett 2017; 400:175-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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59
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Wang LL, Xiu YL, Chen X, Sun KX, Chen S, Wu DD, Liu BL, Zhao Y. The transcription factor FOXA1 induces epithelial ovarian cancer tumorigenesis and progression. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317706210. [PMID: 28488543 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317706210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXA1 (forkhead box A1), a member of the FOXA transcription factor superfamily, plays an important role in tumor occurrence and development. However, the relationship between FOXA1 and ovarian cancer has not been reported. We examined normal ovarian tissue and ovarian cancer tissue and found increased FOXA1 expression in the cancer tissue. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and flow cytometry assays demonstrated that transfection with small interfering RNA to silence FOXA1 (si-FOXA1) in ovarian cancer cell lines decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptosis and S-phase arrest. In addition, si-FOXA1 transfection inhibited cell migration and invasion. Western blotting showed that si-FOXA1 transfection decreased the levels of YY1-associated protein 1, cyclin-dependent kinase 1, cyclin D1, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase, E2F transcription factor 1, B-cell lymphoma 2, and vascular endothelial growth factor A protein. Based on these results, we suggest that FOXA1 plays a catalytic role in ovarian cancer pathogenesis and development by affecting the expression of the above-mentioned proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yin-Ling Xiu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kai-Xuan Sun
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo-Liang Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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60
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Mutant p53 Protein and the Hippo Transducers YAP and TAZ: A Critical Oncogenic Node in Human Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050961. [PMID: 28467351 PMCID: PMC5454874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 protein is a well-known tumor suppressor factor that regulates cellular homeostasis. As it has several and key functions exerted, p53 is known as “the guardian of the genome” and either loss of function or gain of function mutations in the TP53 coding protein sequence are involved in cancer onset and progression. The Hippo pathway is a key regulator of developmental and regenerative physiological processes but if deregulated can induce cell transformation and cancer progression. The p53 and Hippo pathways exert a plethora of fine-tuned functions that can apparently be in contrast with each other. In this review, we propose that the p53 status can affect the Hippo pathway function by switching its outputs from tumor suppressor to oncogenic activities. In detail, we discuss: (a) the oncogenic role of the protein complex mutant p53/YAP; (b) TAZ oncogenic activation mediated by mutant p53; (c) the therapeutic potential of targeting mutant p53 to impair YAP and TAZ oncogenic functions in human cancers.
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61
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12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is anti-tumorigenic in liver cancer cells via inhibiting YAP through AMOT. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44940. [PMID: 28322318 PMCID: PMC5359578 DOI: 10.1038/srep44940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
TPA stimulates carcinogenesis in various types of cancers. However, we found that TPA inhibits transformative phenotypes in liver cancer cells via the translocation of YAP from the nucleus, where it functions as a transcriptional co-factor, to the cytoplasm. Such effects led to a separation of YAP from its dependent transcription factors. The inhibitory effects of TPA on YAP were AMOT dependent. Without AMOT, TPA was unable to alter YAP activity. Importantly, the depletion of YAP and AMOT blocked the TPA-reduced transformative phenotypes. In sum, TPA has been established as an anti-tumorigenic drug in liver cancer cells via YAP and AMOT.
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62
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Wahid B, Ali A, Rafique S, Idrees M. New Insights into the Epigenetics of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1609575. [PMID: 28401148 PMCID: PMC5376429 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1609575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most predominant malignancies with high fatality rate. This deadly cancer is rising at an alarming rate because it is quite resistant to radio- and chemotherapy. Different epigenetic mechanisms such as histone modifications, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, and expression of noncoding RNAs drive the cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, initiation, progression, and development of HCC. These epigenetic alterations because of potential reversibility open way towards the development of biomarkers and therapeutics. The contribution of these epigenetic changes to HCC development has not been thoroughly explored yet. Further research on HCC epigenetics is necessary to better understand novel molecular-targeted HCC treatment and prevention. This review highlights latest research progress and current updates regarding epigenetics of HCC, biomarker discovery, and future preventive and therapeutic strategies to combat the increasing risk of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braira Wahid
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Rafique
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
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63
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Passaniti A, Brusgard JL, Qiao Y, Sudol M, Finch-Edmondson M. Roles of RUNX in Hippo Pathway Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 962:435-448. [PMID: 28299672 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-3233-2_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Runt-domain (RD) transcription factors (RUNX genes) are an important family of transcriptional mediators that interact with a variety of proteins including the Hippo pathway effector proteins, YAP and TAZ. In this chapter we focus on two examples of RUNX-TAZ/YAP interactions that have particular significance in human cancer. Specifically, recent evidence has found that RUNX2 cooperates with TAZ to promote epithelial to mesenchymal transition mediated by the soluble N-terminal ectodomain of E-Cadherin, sE-Cad. Contrastingly, in gastric cancer, RUNX3 acts as a tumor suppressor via inhibition of the YAP-TEAD complex and disruption of downstream YAP-mediated gene transcription and the oncogenic phenotype. The reports highlighted in this chapter add to the growing repertoire of instances of Hippo pathway crosstalk that have been identified in cancer. Elucidation of these increasingly complex interactions may help to identify novel strategies to target Hippo pathway dysregulation in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Passaniti
- Department of Pathology and Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, and the Veterans Administration Health Service, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Jessica L Brusgard
- Department of Pathology and Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, and the Veterans Administration Health Service, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yiting Qiao
- The Mechanobiology Institute (MBI) and the NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Marius Sudol
- The Mechanobiology Institute (MBI) and the NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Megan Finch-Edmondson
- The Mechanobiology Institute (MBI) and the NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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64
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Xu Y, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Guan Y, Zhang X, Chen Y, Wu Q, Zhu G, Chen Y, Sun F, Wang J, Yu Y. Blocking inhibition to YAP by ActinomycinD enhances anti-tumor efficacy of Corosolic acid in treating liver cancer. Cell Signal 2017; 29:209-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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65
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Luo F, Sun B, Li H, Xu Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Lu L, Li J, Wang Q, Wei S, Shi L, Lu X, Liu Q, Zhang A. A MALAT1/HIF-2α feedback loop contributes to arsenite carcinogenesis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:5769-87. [PMID: 26735578 PMCID: PMC4868720 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is well established as a human carcinogen, but the molecular mechanisms leading to arsenic-induced carcinogenesis are complex and elusive. It is also not known if lncRNAs are involved in arsenic-induced liver carcinogenesis. We have found that MALAT1, a non-coding RNA, is over-expressed in the sera of people exposed to arsenite and in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), and MALAT1 has a close relation with the clinicopathological characteristics of HCC. In addition, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α is up-regulated in HCCs, and MALAT1 and HIF-2α have a positive correlation in HCC tissues. During the malignant transformation of human hepatic epithelial (L-02) cells induced by a low concentration (2.0 μM) of arsenite, MALAT1 and HIF-2α are increased. In addition, arsenite-induced MALAT1 causes disassociation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) protein from HIF-2α, therefore, alleviating VHL-mediated HIF-2α ubiquitination, which causes HIF-2α accumulation. In turn, HIF-2α transcriptionally regulates MALAT1, thus forming a positive feedback loop to ensure expression of arsenite-induced MALAT1 and HIF-2α, which are involved in malignant transformation. Moreover, MALAT1 and HIF-2α promote the invasive and metastatic capacities of arsenite-induced transformed L-02 cells and in HCC-LM3 cells. The capacities of MALAT1 and HIF-2α to promote tumor growth are validated in mouse xenograft models. In mice, arsenite induces an inflammatory response, and MALAT1 and HIF-2α are over-expressed. Together, these findings suggest that the MALAT1/HIF-2α feedback loop is involved in regulation of arsenite-induced malignant transformation. Our results not only confirm a novel mechanism involving reciprocal regulation between MALAT1 and HIF-2α, but also expand the understanding of the carcinogenic potential of arsenite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luo
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Baofei Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqiao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlu Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingling Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaofeng Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Shi
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
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66
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Long non-coding RNA TUC338 is functionally involved in sorafenib-sensitized hepatocarcinoma cells by targeting RASAL1. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:273-280. [PMID: 27878301 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of novel targeted therapy holds promise for conquering chemotherapy resistance, one of major hurdles in current liver cancer treatment. We found that long non-coding RNA TUC338 is involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and sorafenib resistance. HCC cell lines were transfected with siTUC338, then cell proliferation and invasion ability were investigated by MTT and Transwell assay. Sorafenib resistance HepG2 cells were generated to test the role of TUC338 in sorafenib sensitivity. Intratumoral delivering of siTUC338 was used to analyze the sorafenib treatment response in HepG2/Sor xenografts in vivo. Higher levels of TUC338 were found both in HCC tissues and cell lines, knockdown of TUC338 was accompanied with increased expression of RASAL1 in HCC cell line with increased proliferation and invasion ability, knockdown of TUC338 could activate the RASAL1 pathway and inhibit tumor growth genes by directly targeting RASAL1 3'-UTR. Furthermore, knockdown of TUC338 in HepG2 sorafenib sensitized its reaction to the treatment of sorafenib, which was accompanied by increased expression RASAL1; intratumoral delivering of siTUC338 could also restore sorafenib treatment response in HepG2/Sor xenografts in vivo. These findings provide direct evidence that the TUC338/RASAL1 axis might play an essential role in sorafenib-resistance of liver cancer cells, suggesting the signaling cohort could serve as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of chemotherapy resistant liver cancer.
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67
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Zhu L, Huang F, Deng G, Nie W, Huang W, Xu H, Zheng S, Yi Z, Wan T. MicroRNA-212 targets FOXA1 and suppresses the proliferation and invasion of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3790-3796. [PMID: 28105112 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are a class of small RNAs, have been shown to negatively regulate the expression of their target genes by directly binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNA. miRNA dysregulation has been associated with the pathogenesis of numerous types of human cancer. However, the role of miRNAs in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has yet to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-212 in the growth and metastasis of ICC in vitro, as well as the underlying mechanism. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were used to examine mRNA and protein expression. An MTT assay and transwell assay were conducted to determine cell proliferation and invasion rates. The results of the RT-qPCR demonstrated that miR-212 was downregulated in the majority of investigated ICC tissues, as compared with their matched adjacent non-tumor tissues. In addition, miR-212 expression was shown to be markedly downregulated in three ICC cell lines, as compared with human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells. Furthermore, restoration of miR-212 expression significantly suppressed the proliferation and invasion of ICC QBC939 cells. Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) was predicted to be a putative target of miR-212 by bioinformatics analysis with TargetScan. Therefore, a luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm that miR-212 was able to directly bind to the 3'-UTR of FOXA1 mRNA. In addition, using western blot analysis, the protein expression of FOXA1 was shown to be negatively regulated by miR-212 in ICC QBC939 cells. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that FOXA1 was frequently upregulated in various ICC tissues and cell lines. The results of the present study suggested that miR-212 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of ICC cells by directly targeting FOXA1, and thus may be considered a potential candidate for the treatment of ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Feizhou Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wanpin Nie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Shaopeng Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zhongjie Yi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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68
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TCF-1 participates in the occurrence of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14129-14140. [PMID: 27522523 PMCID: PMC5097086 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrated that T cell factor 1 (TCF-1) protein, a component of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, can regulate the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (runx2) gene and Sry-related HMG box 9 (sox9) gene, which may participate in the differentiation of chondrosarcoma. Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DDCS) is a special variant of conventional chondrosarcoma (CCS), associated with poor survival and high metastasis rate. However, little is known about the mechanism of its occurrence; thus, no effective treatment is available except surgery. Earlier, high expression of runx2 and low expression of sox9 were found in DDCS compared with CCS. Using Western blot to detect clinical tissue samples (including 8 CCS samples and 8 DDCS samples) and immunohistochemistry to detect 85 different-grade chondrosarcoma specimens, a high expression of TCF-1 in DDCS tissues was found compared with CCS tissues. This difference in expression was related to patients' prognosis. Results of luciferase, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and gel electrophoresis mobility shift assays demonstrated that TCF-1 protein could bind to the promoter of runx2 gene directly and sox9 gene indirectly. Hence, it could regulate expression of runx2 gene positively and sox9 gene negatively. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that TCF-1 protein was closely related to the phenotype and aggressiveness of chondrosarcoma. In conclusion, this study proved that TCF-1 participates in the dedifferentiation of DDCS, which may be mediated by runx2 gene and sox9 gene. Also, TCF-1 can be of important prognostic value and a promising therapeutic target for DDCS patients.
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69
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Ma W, Jiang J, Li M, Wang H, Zhang H, He X, Huang L, Zhou Q. The clinical significance of forkhead box protein A1 and its role in colorectal cancer. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2625-31. [PMID: 27484093 PMCID: PMC4991678 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) is a transcription factor; recent studies have reported that FOXA1 has an oncogenic or tumor suppressive role in human malignancies, and its expression is associated with the prognosis of patients with cancer. However, further studies are required to determine the clinical significance of FOXA1 and its role in colorectal cancer (CRC). In the present study, FOXA1 expression was detected in 90 samples of CRC tissues and matched noncancerous tissues using immunohistochemistry. In these cases, FOXA1 expression was detected in 57.8% (52/90) of the CRC samples, whereas only 37.8% (34/90) of the noncancerous specimens exhibited a positive FOXA1 signal. In addition, the present study demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels of FOXA1 were significantly increased in CRC tissues compared with in matched tumor-adjacent tissues. Furthermore, the positive expression of FOXA1 was associated with poor clinicopathological characteristics of CRC, including poor tumor differentiation, large tumor size, lymph node metastases and advanced tumor-node-metastasis tumor stage. Notably, patients with CRC with positive FOXA1 expression exhibited a significantly reduced 5-year survival rate compared with those with negative FOXA1 expression. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that FOXA1 expression was an independent prognostic indicator for patients with CRC. In addition, FOXA1 knockdown evidently inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in SW480 and HCT116 CRC cells. Notably, FOXA1 knockdown also prominently reduced the expression of yes-associated protein (YAP) in SW480 and HCT116 cells. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that FOXA1 may be considered a potential prognostic marker, and may promote tumor growth of CRC by upregulating YAP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Ma
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Jue Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Lili Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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70
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Zhang R, Xia LQ, Lu WW, Zhang J, Zhu JS. LncRNAs and cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1233-1239. [PMID: 27446422 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs composed of >200 nucleotides. Recent studies have revealed that lncRNAs exert an important role in the development and progression of cancer. In this review, the involvement of the most extensively investigated lncRNAs in cancers of the digestive, respiratory, reproductive, urinary and central nervous systems are discussed. LncRNAs function via molecular and biochemical mechanisms that include cis- and trans-regulation of gene expression, epigenetic modulation in the nucleus and post-transcriptional control in the cytoplasm. Although the detailed biological functions and molecular mechanisms of the majority of lncRNAs remain to be elucidated, this review aims to provide a novel insight into the diagnosis and treatment of cancer using lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Li Qiong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Wen Wen Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Shui Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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71
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Guo ZJ, Yang L, Qian F, Wang YX, Yu X, Ji CD, Cui W, Xiang DF, Zhang X, Zhang P, Wang JM, Cui YH, Bian XW. Transcription factor RUNX2 up-regulates chemokine receptor CXCR4 to promote invasive and metastatic potentials of human gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:20999-1012. [PMID: 27007162 PMCID: PMC4991507 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) is a regulator of embryogenesis and development, but has also been implicated in the progression of certain human cancer. This study aimed to elucidate the role of RUNX2 in the invasive and metastatic potentials of human gastric cancer (GC) and the underlying mechanisms. We found that the levels of RUNX2 expression in gastric cancer tissues were correlated with the differentiation degrees, invasion depth and lymph node metastasis. COX regression analysis indicated that RUNX2 was an independent prognostic indicator for GC patients. RUNX2 significantly increased the migration and invasion ability of GC cells in vitro and enhanced the invasion and metastatic potential of GC cells in an orthotopic GC model of nude mice. Mechanistically, RUNX2 directly bound to the promoter region of the gene coding for the chemokine receptor CXCR4 to enhance its transcription. CXCR4 knockdown or treatment with AMD3100, a CXCR4 inhibitor, attenuated RUNX2-promoted invasion and metastasis. These results demonstrate that RUNX2 promotes the invasion and metastasis of human GC by transcriptionally up-regulating the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Therefore, the RUNX2-CXCR4 axis is a potential therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Jun Guo
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lang Yang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan-Xia Wang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng-Dong Ji
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong-Fang Xiang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - You-Hong Cui
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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72
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Dou C, Wang Y, Li C, Liu Z, Jia Y, Li Q, Yang W, Yao Y, Liu Q, Tu K. MicroRNA-212 suppresses tumor growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting FOXA1. Oncotarget 2016; 6:13216-28. [PMID: 25965836 PMCID: PMC4537009 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-212 (miR-212) has been reported to play oncogenic or tumor suppressive role in different human malignancies. Here, we demonstrated that the mean level of miR-212 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues was significantly lower than that in matched tumor-adjacent tissues. Similarly, the expression of miR-212 was obviously reduced in HCC cell lines as compared with a nontransformed hepatic cell line. Ectopic expression of miR-212 inhibited cell viability and proliferation, and induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. In contrast, down-regulation of miR-212 increased cell viability and proliferation, and suppressed apoptosis in Bel-7402 cells. In vivo studies showed that miR-212 inhibited tumor growth of HCC via suppressing proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, we confirmed that Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) was a direct target of miR-212, and it abrogated the function of miR-212 in HCC. Finally, we disclosed that the aberrant expression of miR-212 and FOXA1 was evidently correlated with poor prognostic features of HCC. MiR-212, FOXA1 and their combination were valuable prognostic markers for predicting survival of HCC patients. In conclusion, miR-212 may serve as a prognostic indicator for HCC patients and exerts tumor suppressive role, at least in part, by inhibiting FOXA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Dou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhikui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuli Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingmin Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kangsheng Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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73
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Lu S, Ma Y, Sun T, Ren R, Zhang X, Ma W. Expression of α-fetoprotein in gastric cancer AGS cells contributes to invasion and metastasis by influencing anoikis sensitivity. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:2984-90. [PMID: 26986949 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
α-fetoprotein (AFP) is a valuable tumor marker for many types of cancers, including primary gastric cancer (GC). However, the effects of AFP expression on the metastasis and anoikis sensitivity of GC remain unclear. The present study aimed to explore the role and possible mechanism of AFP in the invasion and metastasis of GC AGS cells, particularly in the anoikis sensitivity of AGS cells. In the present study, the expression of AFP in cultured AGS cells was assayed firstly by RT-PCR, western blotting and sequencing. Then, a specific AFP siRNA was applied to interfere with AFP expression and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly-HEMA) was used to block cell anchorage. The invasion and metastatic ability, and anoikis sensitivity detections were conducted based on Transwell chamber assay, anoikis assay kit and western blotting. Our results confirmed the expression of AFP in AGS cells. Then, we found that interference of AFP with siRNA attenuated the invasion and metastasis of AGS cells and induced a significant upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin expression (P<0.05). Cell apoptosis and anoikis were induced when cell anchorage was blocked by poly-HEMA treatment, which was exacerbated significantly when cells were exposed to AFP siRNA. Moreover, interference of AFP when cell anchorage was blocked enhanced the expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, caspase-3 and -9, and decreased the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that interference of AFP reduced AGS cell invasion and metastasis by enhancing anoikis sensitivity. The present study provides new insight for the treatment of GC and suggests AFP as a potential therapeutic target by regulating anoikis sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Rui Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoning Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Wanshan Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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74
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Zhang L, Yu Z, Xian Y, Lin X. microRNA-497 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting YAP1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:155-64. [PMID: 27239437 PMCID: PMC4821345 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in human cancers by targeting mRNAs for degradation and/or translational repression. miR‐497 has been proposed as a tumor suppressive miRNA and its deregulation is observed in human cancers. However, the prognostic value of miR‐497 and its underlying molecular pathways involved in the initiation and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are poorly investigated. In the present study, we found that the mean level of miR‐497 in HCC tissues was lower than that in adjacent nontumor tissues. Clinical data indicated that low expression of miR‐497 was prominently associated with adverse prognostic features of HCC including high serum alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) level, large tumor size, high Edmondson–Steiner grading and advanced tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) stage. Furthermore, miR‐497 was an independent prognostic factor for indicating both 5‐year overall survival and disease‐free survival of HCC patients. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function studies showed that miR‐497 reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in HCC cells. Yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP1) was identified as a direct target of miR‐497 in HCC. An inverse correlation between YAP1 and miR‐497 expression was observed in HCC tissues. Notably, YAP1 knockdown abrogated the effects of miR‐497 deletion on HCC cells with decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. In conclusion, we report that miR‐497 is a potent prognostic indicator and may suppress tumor growth of HCC by targeting YAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University China
| | - Zhaoxiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College China
| | - Yao Xian
- Department of Nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University China
| | - Xiaobo Lin
- Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College China
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75
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Liu YR, Tang RX, Huang WT, Ren FH, He RQ, Yang LH, Luo DZ, Dang YW, Chen G. Long noncoding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: Novel insights into their mechanism. World J Hepatol 2015; 7:2781-2791. [PMID: 26668690 PMCID: PMC4670950 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i28.2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant subject of liver malignancies which arouse global concern. Advanced studies have found that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are differentially expressed in HCC and implicate they may play distinct roles in the pathogenesis and metastasis of HCC. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. In this review, we summarized the functions and mechanisms of those known aberrantly expressed lncRNAs identified in human HCC tissues. We hope to enlighten more comprehensive researches on the detailed mechanisms of lncRNAs and their application in clinic, such as being used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and the targets for potential therapy. Although studies on lncRNAs in HCC are still deficient, an improved understanding of the roles played by lncRNAs in HCC will lead to a much more effective utilization of those lncRNAs as novel candidates in early detection, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of HCC.
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76
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Zhao M, Kim P, Mitra R, Zhao J, Zhao Z. TSGene 2.0: an updated literature-based knowledgebase for tumor suppressor genes. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:D1023-31. [PMID: 26590405 PMCID: PMC4702895 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are a major type of gatekeeper genes in the cell growth. A knowledgebase with the systematic collection and curation of TSGs in multiple cancer types is critically important for further studying their biological functions as well as for developing therapeutic strategies. Since its development in 2012, the Tumor Suppressor Gene database (TSGene), has become a popular resource in the cancer research community. Here, we reported the TSGene version 2.0, which has substantial updates of contents (e.g. up-to-date literature and pan-cancer genomic data collection and curation), data types (noncoding RNAs and protein-coding genes) and content accessibility. Specifically, the current TSGene 2.0 contains 1217 human TSGs (1018 protein-coding and 199 non-coding genes) curated from over 9000 articles. Additionally, TSGene 2.0 provides thousands of expression and mutation patterns derived from pan-cancer data of The Cancer Genome Atlas. A new web interface is available at http://bioinfo.mc.vanderbilt.edu/TSGene/. Systematic analyses of 199 non-coding TSGs provide numerous cancer-specific non-coding mutational events for further screening and clinical use. Intriguingly, we identified 49 protein-coding TSGs that were consistently down-regulated in 11 cancer types. In summary, TSGene 2.0, which is the only available database for TSGs, provides the most updated TSGs and their features in pan-cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia
| | - Pora Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ramkrishna Mitra
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Junfei Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37212, USA School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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77
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Zhang K, Qi HX, Hu ZM, Chang YN, Shi ZM, Han XH, Han YW, Zhang RX, Zhang Z, Chen T, Hong W. YAP and TAZ Take Center Stage in Cancer. Biochemistry 2015; 54:6555-66. [PMID: 26465056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway was originally identified and named through screening for mutations in Drosophila, and the core components of the Hippo pathway are highly conserved in mammals. In the Hippo pathway, MST1/2 and LATS1/2 regulate downstream transcription coactivators YAP and TAZ, which mainly interact with TEAD family transcription factors to promote tissue proliferation, self-renewal of normal and cancer stem cells, migration, and carcinogenesis. The Hippo pathway was initially thought to be quite straightforward; however, recent studies have revealed that YAP/TAZ is an integral part and a nexus of a network composed of multiple signaling pathways. Therefore, in this review, we will summarize the latest findings on events upstream and downstream of YAP/TAZ and the ways of regulation of YAP/TAZ. In addition, we also focus on the crosstalk between the Hippo pathway and other tumor-related pathways and discuss their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University , 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Hai-Xia Qi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , 300052 Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Mei Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University , 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Ya-Nan Chang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University , 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe-Min Shi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University , 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Han
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University , 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Ya-Wei Han
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University , 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Rui-Xue Zhang
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , 300020 Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University , 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University , 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University , 300070 Tianjin, China
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78
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Ren H, Zhang P, Tang Y, Wu M, Zhang W. Forkhead box protein A1 is a prognostic predictor and promotes tumor growth of gastric cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:3029-39. [PMID: 26527889 PMCID: PMC4621220 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s91035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the cancer-type specific role of forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) in human malignancies. However, the clinical significance of FOXA1 and its biological function in gastric cancer remain unknown. In this study, the expression of FOXA1 in 80 pairs of gastric cancer tissues and corresponding non-tumor tissues was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We found that the levels of FOXA1 protein and mRNA in gastric cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in matched tumor-adjacent tissues. Furthermore, clinical association analysis indicated that the positive expression of FOXA1 was associated with adverse clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients including poor tumor differentiation, large tumor size, and advanced tumor-node-metastasis tumor stage. Notably, gastric cancer patients with positive expression of FOXA1 had a poorer 5-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival. In addition, FOXA1 knockdown remarkably inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in both SGC-7901 and MGC-803 cells. In vivo studies indicated that FOXA1 knockdown prominently suppressed tumor growth of gastric cancer in a nude mouse xenograft model. Mechanistically, we disclosed that the expression of Yes-associated protein was decreased accordingly after FOXA1 knockdown in both SGC-7901 and MGC-803 cells. Taken together, our data suggest that FOXA1 may serve as a promising prognostic indicator and an attractive therapeutic target of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengping Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weikang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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79
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Li H, Zhang Z, Chen Z, Zhang D. Osteogenic growth peptide promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells mediated by LncRNA AK141205-induced upregulation of CXCL13. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 466:82-8. [PMID: 26321662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.08.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of present study was to characterize long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) AK141205 as a cellular regulator of osteogenic differentiation of mice mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) towards osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) stimulation. Mice MSCs cells were isolated, transfected with si-AK141205, pcDNA-AK141205 or control, and stimulated with OGP. The AK141205, CXC chemokine ligand-13 (CXCL13), and osteogenic differentiation-associated parameters were determined by western blotting or quantitative RT-PCR. To determine the role of AK141205/CXCL13 in SMCs osteogenic differentiation, SMCs subjected to co-transfection of pcDNA-AK141205 and si-CXCL13 or si-AK141205 and pcDNA-CXCL13, and were submitted for osteogenic differentiation-associated parameters analyses. The results showed that stimulation of SMCs with OGP induced upregulation of both AK141205 and CXCL13, and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Transfection of si-AK141205 partly suppressed OGP-induced formation of calcium salt nodules, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteogenic differentiation-associated gene expression, suggesting key regulatory role of AK141205. Analysis of CXCL13 expression in SMCs(pcDNA-AK141205) revealed that AK141205 positively promoted CXCL13 expression via acetylation of H4 histone in the promoter region. This signal transduction was demonstrated to be essential for OGP-induced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs through osteogenic differentiation analysis in simultaneously AK141205/CXCL13 controlled SMCs. In summary, we report a completely novel role of AK141205/CXCL13 as a regulator of OGP-induced osteogenic differentiation of SMCs. Our finding provides a potential therapeutic targeting of AK141205 for enhancing disease-treatment effect of SMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Zhonghe Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Liaocheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Liaocheng People's Hospital, 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng 252000, China.
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80
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Tu H, Wei G, Cai Q, Chen X, Sun Z, Cheng C, Zhang L, Feng Y, Zhou H, Zhou B, Zeng T. MicroRNA-212 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting FOXA1. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:2227-35. [PMID: 26347321 PMCID: PMC4556035 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s87976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MircroRNA-212 (miR-212) is proposed as a novel tumor-related miRNA and has been found to be significantly deregulated in human cancers. In this study, the miR-212 expression was found to be obviously downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues as compared with adjacent nontumor tissues. Clinical association analysis indicated that low expression of miR-212 was prominently correlated with poor prognostic features of HCC, including high AFP level, large tumor size, high Edmondson-Steiner grading, and advanced tumor-node-metastasis tumor stage. Furthermore, the miR-212 expression was an independent prognostic marker for predicting both 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival of HCC patients. Our in vitro studies showed that upregulation of miR-212 inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. On the contrary, downregulation of miR-212 promoted cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in Huh7 cells. Interestingly, we found that upregulation of miR-212 decreased FOXA1 expression in HepG2 cells. Significantly, FOXA1 was identified as a direct target of miR-212 in HCC. FOXA1 was downregulated in HCC tissues as compared with noncancerous tissues. An inverse correlation between FOXA1 and miR-212 expression was observed in HCC tissues. Notably, FOXA1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, miR-212 is a potent prognostic marker and may suppress HCC tumor growth by inhibiting FOXA1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghe Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianxiang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zequn Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Caitao Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linfei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huadong Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiancai Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
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81
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Qiu M, Xu Y, Wang J, Zhang E, Sun M, Zheng Y, Li M, Xia W, Feng D, Yin R, Xu L. A novel lncRNA, LUADT1, promotes lung adenocarcinoma proliferation via the epigenetic suppression of p27. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1858. [PMID: 26291312 PMCID: PMC4558496 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to regulate the development and progression of various cancers. However, few lncRNAs have been well characterized in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Here, we identified the expression profile of lncRNAs and protein-coding genes via microarrays analysis of paired LUAD tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues from five female non-smokes with LUAD. A total of 498 lncRNAs and 1691 protein-coding genes were differentially expressed between LUAD tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues. A novel lncRNA, LUAD transcript 1 (LUADT1), which is highly expressed in LUAD and correlates with T stage, was characterized. Both in vitro and in vivo data showed that LUADT1 knockdown significantly inhibited proliferation of LUAD cells and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0–G1 phase. Further analysis indicated that LUADT1 may regulate cell cycle progression by epigenetically inhibiting the expression of p27. RNA immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that LUADT1 binds to SUZ12, a core component of polycomb repressive complex 2, and mediates the trimethylation of H3K27 at the promoter region of p27. The negative correlation between LUADT1 and p27 expression was confirmed in LUAD tissue samples. These data suggested that a set of lncRNAs and protein-coding genes were differentially expressed in LUAD. LUADT1 is an oncogenic lncRNA that regulates LUAD progression, suggesting that dysregulated lncRNAs may serve as key regulatory factors in LUAD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China.,The Fourth Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China.,The First Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Scientific Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - E Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - M Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Y Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - W Xia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China.,The Fourth Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - D Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China.,The Fourth Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - R Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - L Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China
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82
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Lisitsyn NA, Chernyi AA, Karpov VL, Beresten SF. A role of long noncoding RNAs in carcinogenesis. Mol Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s002689331504010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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83
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Wang C, Nie Z, Zhou Z, Zhang H, Liu R, Wu J, Qin J, Ma Y, Chen L, Li S, Chen W, Li F, Shi P, Wu Y, Shen J, Chen C. The interplay between TEAD4 and KLF5 promotes breast cancer partially through inhibiting the transcription of p27Kip1. Oncotarget 2015; 6:17685-97. [PMID: 25970772 PMCID: PMC4627338 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that YAP/TAZ are mediators of the Hippo pathway and promote breast cancer. However, the roles of YAP/TAZ transcription factor partners TEADs in breast cancer remain unclear. Here we found that TEAD4 was expressed in breast cancer cell lines, especially in triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) cell lines. TEAD4 binds to KLF5. Knockdown of either TEAD4 or KLF5 in HCC1937 and HCC1806 cells induced the expression of CDK inhibitor p27. Depletion of either TEAD4 or KLF5 activated the p27 gene promoter and increased the p27 mRNA levels. Depletion of p27 partially prevents growth inhibition caused by TEAD4 and KLF5 knockdown. TEAD4 overexpression stimulated proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in mice, while stable knockdown of TEAD4 inhibited proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in mice. Thus TEAD4 and KLF5, in collaboration, promoted TNBC cell proliferation and tumor growth in part by inhibiting p27 gene transcription. TEAD4 is a potential target and biomarker for the development of novel therapeutics for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhi Nie
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junying Qin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Ma
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shumo Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenlin Chen
- Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fubing Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peiguo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jian Shen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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84
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Li S, Yu Z, Chen SS, Li F, Lei CY, Chen XX, Bao JM, Luo Y, Lin GZ, Pang SY, Tan WL. The YAP1 oncogene contributes to bladder cancer cell proliferation and migration by regulating the H19 long noncoding RNA. Urol Oncol 2015; 33:427.e1-10. [PMID: 26163939 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and long noncoding RNA H19 act as potent oncogenes in many human cancers, but little is known about their roles in bladder cancer or their relationship with each other. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed retrospectively on human bladder cancer specimens and on bladder cancer cell lines (UMUC-3, EJ, and 5637). YAP1 and H19 expression levels were detected and correlated with clinical and pathologic grades. To determine whether YAP1 regulates H19 expression, their genes were overexpressed or suppressed in 5637 and UMUC-3 cells. The effects of YAP1/H19 on proliferation and migration were determined by viability, colony formation, transwell migration, and wound-healing assays. RESULTS YAP1 and H19 expression levels were markedly elevated in bladder cancer tissues and cells, and H19 expression was found to be significantly associated with YAP1 expression. Determination of their clinicopathologic significance in 40 human bladder cancer tissues showed that specimens in which YAP1 and H19 were overexpressed were associated with poorer clinicopathologic prognosis. In addition, YAP1 was found to enhance H19 expression, whereas H19 had no significant effect on YAP1 expression in bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, the results of in vitro analyses suggested that this association regulates cell proliferation and migration. CONCLUSION Our results emphasize the importance of YAP1 and H19 in bladder cancer progression and indicate that H19, at least in part, is induced by YAP1 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Li
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Yu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - San-San Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Yong Lei
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Xing Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Ming Bao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Zheng Lin
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Yu Pang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Long Tan
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
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85
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Tang X, Chen X, Xu Y, Qiao Y, Zhang X, Wang Y, Guan Y, Sun F, Wang J. CD166 positively regulates MCAM via inhibition to ubiquitin E3 ligases Smurf1 and βTrCP through PI3K/AKT and c-Raf/MEK/ERK signaling in Bel-7402 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cell Signal 2015; 27:1694-702. [PMID: 26004137 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Both Cluster of Differentiation 166 (CD166) and Melanoma Cell Adhesion Molecule (MCAM) play critical roles in maintaining transformative phenotype of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, the relationship between these two membrane proteins remains unknown. Here, we found that CD166 has a positive impact on the expression of MCAM, while MCAM has no feedback on CD166. Tissue microarray analysis (TMA) also showed a positive correlation between CD166 and MCAM. Depletion of CD166-induced anti-carcinogenic phenotype could be reversed by overexpression of MCAM, suggesting MCAM is functional important in the CD166-induced liver tumorigenesis. Furthermore, we found CD166 regulates MCAM mainly through protecting MCAM from ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. Mechanically, CD166 down-regulated two ubiquitin E3 ligases, βTrCP and Smurf1, which play critical roles in the destability of MCAM protein. In addition, overexpression of βTrCP and Smurf1-reduced transformative phenotype could be partially reversed by MCAM, providing evidence that MCAM is a target of βTrCP and Smurf1. Moreover, we identified c-Raf/MEK/ERK signaling acts as a downstream effecter of CD166/PI3K/AKT axis to stimulate ubiquitination and destability of βTrCP and Smurf1. Taken together, we establish a model that CD166 regulates MCAM through a signaling flow from activation of PI3K/AKT and c-Raf/MEK/ERK signaling to the inhibition of potential MCAM ubiquitin E3 ligases, βTrCP and Smurf1, blockage of this signaling cascade may be useful in the treatment of CD166 and MCAM-dependent HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Tang
- Department of Clinical laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xianzhen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yanfeng Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Shanghai TCM University, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Yongxia Qiao
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- Department of Clinical laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yu Guan
- Department of Laboratory Centre, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Shanghai TCM University, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Fenyong Sun
- Department of Clinical laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Clinical laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China; Translation Medicine of High Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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86
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Gao Y, Chen G, Zeng Y, Zeng J, Lin M, Liu X, Liu J. Invasion and metastasis-related long noncoding RNA expression profiles in hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7409-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3408-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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87
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The membrane protein melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) is a novel tumor marker that stimulates tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2015; 34:5781-95. [PMID: 25728681 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is overexpressed and has an oncogenic role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, whether membrane protein can serve not only as a tumor marker that reflects YAP function but also as a therapeutic target that stimulates tumorigenesis in HCC remains unknown. Here we report that the membrane protein melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) was under positive regulation by YAP and was highly elevated in HCC cells. Within the MCAM promoter, we found the presence of a cAMP Response Element (CRE; -32 to -25 nt), which is conserved among species and is essential for YAP- and CREB-dependent regulation. Moreover, the interaction between CREB and YAP at the CRE site was dependent on PTPIY-WW domain interactions. However, MCAM expression was low and could not be regulated by YAP in breast and colon cancer cells because of the low levels of the acetyltransferase p300. In HCC cells, high levels of p300 facilitated the binding of YAP to the MCAM promoter, which in turn enhanced histone acetylation and polymerase II recruitment through the dissociation of the deacetylase Sirt1. These results suggest that MCAM is an HCC-specific target of YAP. In clinical serum samples, we found that the serum levels of MCAM were highly elevated in patients with HCC compared with healthy controls and with patients with cirrhosis, hepatitis, colon cancer and breast cancer. MCAM levels were shown to be a slightly better indicator than serum alpha-fetoprotein for predicting HCC. We further demonstrated that MCAM is essential for the survival and transformation of HCC. Mechanistically, MCAM induced translation initiation and the transcriptional activities of c-Jun/c-Fos. In addition, AKT activation had an essential role in the MCAM-promoted binding of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E to c-Jun/c-Fos mRNA. In conclusion, we demonstrated that MCAM may be a potential tumor marker and therapeutic target for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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88
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Sun SS, Zhang L, Yang J, Zhou X. Role of runt-related transcription factor 2 in signal network of tumors as an inter-mediator. Cancer Lett 2015; 361:1-7. [PMID: 25727319 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) is a member of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor superfamily. RUNX2 is known for its contribution to osteoblast phenotype and bone formation. In recent years, increasing attention has been focused on the relationship of Runx2 with tumorigenesis. In different types of tumor cells, RUNX2 cooperates with its co-activators or co-inhibitors, and mediates the responses of cells to various signaling pathways that are hyperactive in tumors. Thus, several downstream target genes of RUNX2 are activated when RUNX2 interacts with its co-factors, leading to a variety of effects on tumor cells (epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, proliferation, and osteolytic lesion). This review focuses on the involvement of RUNX2 in tumor cells in the crosstalk of diverse signaling pathways and its multiple functions to develop optimal and feasible approaches for clinical treatment based on the functions of RUNX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Sun
- The Maxillary Facial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer, Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer, Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lun Zhang
- The Maxillary Facial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer, Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer, Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jingxuan Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Stanton L. Young Biomedical, Research Center, BRC I264, Oklahoma City, OK 73 104, USA
| | - Xuan Zhou
- The Maxillary Facial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer, Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer, Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China.
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