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Todorov S, Nyati H, Meincken M, Dicks L. Partial characterization of bacteriocin AMA-K, produced by Lactobacillus plantarum AMA-K isolated from naturally fermented milk from Zimbabwe. Food Control 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2006.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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52
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Dal Bello F, Clarke C, Ryan L, Ulmer H, Schober T, Ström K, Sjögren J, van Sinderen D, Schnürer J, Arendt E. Improvement of the quality and shelf life of wheat bread by fermentation with the antifungal strain Lactobacillus plantarum FST 1.7. J Cereal Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2006.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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53
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Theron MM, Lues JF. Organic Acids and Meat Preservation: A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/87559120701224964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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54
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Millette M, Luquet FM, Lacroix M. In vitro growth control of selected pathogens by Lactobacillus acidophilus- and Lactobacillus casei-fermented milk. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007; 44:314-9. [PMID: 17309510 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2006.02060.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Food-borne pathogen inhibition was tested in the presence of a mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei during fermentation under controlled pH conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS The growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella serotype Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria innocua, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis was evaluated for 48 h at 37 degrees C. In the presence of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB), an increase of the generation time was observed for all the gram-positive bacteria evaluated. Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive strain showing an increase of the generation time by 210%. However, for all the gram-negative bacteria evaluated, no inhibition occurred after 8 h of fermentation. The soluble portion of Lact. acidophilus- and Lact. casei-fermented milk was recuperated and tested for its antimicrobial activity. Listeria innocua and Staph. aureus were the most sensitive to the presence of fermented milk supernatant showing an inhibition of 85.9% and 84.7%, respectively. This soluble fraction was neutralized to eliminate the antimicrobial effect of the organic acids produced; the most sensitive strains were L. innocua and E. coli O157:H7 showing an inhibition of 65.9% and 61.9%, respectively. Finally, the soluble fraction was neutralized and irradiated at 45 kGy using a (60)Co source to eliminate the possible antimicrobial effect of both organic acids and bacteriocin-like substances. Enterococcus faecalis, E. coli O157:H7 and Staph. aureus were the most affected bacteria by this fraction, showing 39.1, 32 and 31.2% inhibition, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained in this study suggest the implication of both organic acids and bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances in the antimicrobial activity observed in the soluble fraction of the probiotic preparation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study revealed the antimicrobial mechanisms of action of Lact. acidophilus- and Lact. casei-fermented milk used to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhoea.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Millette
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Centre, Laval, Quebec, Canada
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55
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56
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingolf F Nes
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-1432 As, Norway.
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57
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A Bacillus subtilis strain HPC248 from an effluent treatment plant with antimicrobial activity. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-006-9296-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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58
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira S Makarova
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.
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59
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Makarova K, Slesarev A, Wolf Y, Sorokin A, Mirkin B, Koonin E, Pavlov A, Pavlova N, Karamychev V, Polouchine N, Shakhova V, Grigoriev I, Lou Y, Rohksar D, Lucas S, Huang K, Goodstein DM, Hawkins T, Plengvidhya V, Welker D, Hughes J, Goh Y, Benson A, Baldwin K, Lee JH, Díaz-Muñiz I, Dosti B, Smeianov V, Wechter W, Barabote R, Lorca G, Altermann E, Barrangou R, Ganesan B, Xie Y, Rawsthorne H, Tamir D, Parker C, Breidt F, Broadbent J, Hutkins R, O'Sullivan D, Steele J, Unlu G, Saier M, Klaenhammer T, Richardson P, Kozyavkin S, Weimer B, Mills D. Comparative genomics of the lactic acid bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:15611-6. [PMID: 17030793 PMCID: PMC1622870 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0607117103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 944] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid-producing bacteria are associated with various plant and animal niches and play a key role in the production of fermented foods and beverages. We report nine genome sequences representing the phylogenetic and functional diversity of these bacteria. The small genomes of lactic acid bacteria encode a broad repertoire of transporters for efficient carbon and nitrogen acquisition from the nutritionally rich environments they inhabit and reflect a limited range of biosynthetic capabilities that indicate both prototrophic and auxotrophic strains. Phylogenetic analyses, comparison of gene content across the group, and reconstruction of ancestral gene sets indicate a combination of extensive gene loss and key gene acquisitions via horizontal gene transfer during the coevolution of lactic acid bacteria with their habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Makarova
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - A. Slesarev
- Fidelity Systems Inc., 7961 Cessna Avenue, Gaithersburg, MD 20879
| | - Y. Wolf
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - A. Sorokin
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - B. Mirkin
- School of Information Systems and Computer Science, Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom
| | - E. Koonin
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
, , , or
| | - A. Pavlov
- Fidelity Systems Inc., 7961 Cessna Avenue, Gaithersburg, MD 20879
| | - N. Pavlova
- Fidelity Systems Inc., 7961 Cessna Avenue, Gaithersburg, MD 20879
| | - V. Karamychev
- Fidelity Systems Inc., 7961 Cessna Avenue, Gaithersburg, MD 20879
| | - N. Polouchine
- Fidelity Systems Inc., 7961 Cessna Avenue, Gaithersburg, MD 20879
| | - V. Shakhova
- Fidelity Systems Inc., 7961 Cessna Avenue, Gaithersburg, MD 20879
| | - I. Grigoriev
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598
| | - Y. Lou
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598
| | - D. Rohksar
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598
| | - S. Lucas
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598
| | - K. Huang
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598
| | - D. M. Goodstein
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598
| | - T. Hawkins
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598
| | - V. Plengvidhya
- Department of Food Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
- North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Raleigh, NC 27695; Departments of
| | | | | | - Y. Goh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
| | - A. Benson
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
| | - K. Baldwin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - J.-H. Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - I. Díaz-Muñiz
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
| | - B. Dosti
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
| | - V. Smeianov
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
| | - W. Wechter
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
| | - R. Barabote
- Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - G. Lorca
- Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - E. Altermann
- Department of Food Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - R. Barrangou
- Department of Food Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - B. Ganesan
- Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322
| | - Y. Xie
- Nutrition and Food Science and
- Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322
| | - H. Rawsthorne
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; and
| | | | | | - F. Breidt
- Department of Food Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
- North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Raleigh, NC 27695; Departments of
| | | | - R. Hutkins
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
| | - D. O'Sullivan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - J. Steele
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
| | - G. Unlu
- Department of Food Science and Toxicology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844
| | - M. Saier
- Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - T. Klaenhammer
- Department of Food Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
, , , or
| | - P. Richardson
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598
| | - S. Kozyavkin
- Fidelity Systems Inc., 7961 Cessna Avenue, Gaithersburg, MD 20879
| | - B. Weimer
- Nutrition and Food Science and
- Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
, , , or
| | - D. Mills
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; and
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
, , , or
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60
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Burne RA, Bessen DE, Broadbent JR, Claverys JP. The Seventh International Conference on the Genetics of Streptococci, Lactococci, and Enterococci. J Bacteriol 2006; 189:1209-18. [PMID: 17012391 PMCID: PMC1797339 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01363-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Burne
- Department of Oral Biology, Gainesville, FL 32610-0424, USA.
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61
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de Jong A, van Hijum SAFT, Bijlsma JJE, Kok J, Kuipers OP. BAGEL: a web-based bacteriocin genome mining tool. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34:W273-9. [PMID: 16845009 PMCID: PMC1538908 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkl237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A common problem in the annotation of open reading frames (ORFs) is the identification of genes that are functionally similar but have limited or no sequence homology. This is particularly the case for bacteriocins, a very diverse group of antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria and usually encoded by small, poorly conserved ORFs. ORFs surrounding bacteriocin genes are often biosynthetic genes. This information can be used to locate putative structural bacteriocin genes. Here, we describe BAGEL, a web server that identifies putative bacteriocin ORFs in a DNA sequence using novel, knowledge-based bacteriocin databases and motif databases. Many bacteriocins are encoded by small genes that are often omitted in the annotation process of bacterial genomes. Thus, we have implemented ORF detection using a number of published ORF prediction tools. In addition, BAGEL takes into account the genomic context, i.e. for each potential bacteriocin-encoding ORF, the sequence of the surrounding region on the genome is analyzed for genes that might encode proteins involved in biosynthesis, transport, regulation and/or immunity. These innovations make BAGEL unique in its ability to detect putative bacteriocin gene clusters in (new) bacterial genomes. BAGEL is freely accessible at: http://bioinformatics.biol.rug.nl/websoftware/bagel.
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62
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Myers GS, Rasko DA, Cheung JK, Ravel J, Seshadri R, DeBoy RT, Ren Q, Varga J, Awad MM, Brinkac LM, Daugherty SC, Haft DH, Dodson RJ, Madupu R, Nelson WC, Rosovitz M, Sullivan SA, Khouri H, Dimitrov GI, Watkins KL, Mulligan S, Benton J, Radune D, Fisher DJ, Atkins HS, Hiscox T, Jost BH, Billington SJ, Songer JG, McClane BA, Titball RW, Rood JI, Melville SB, Paulsen IT. Skewed genomic variability in strains of the toxigenic bacterial pathogen, Clostridium perfringens. Genome Res 2006; 16:1031-40. [PMID: 16825665 PMCID: PMC1524862 DOI: 10.1101/gr.5238106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens is a Gram-positive, anaerobic spore-forming bacterium commonly found in soil, sediments, and the human gastrointestinal tract. C. perfringens is responsible for a wide spectrum of disease, including food poisoning, gas gangrene (clostridial myonecrosis), enteritis necroticans, and non-foodborne gastrointestinal infections. The complete genome sequences of Clostridium perfringens strain ATCC 13124, a gas gangrene isolate and the species type strain, and the enterotoxin-producing food poisoning strain SM101, were determined and compared with the published C. perfringens strain 13 genome. Comparison of the three genomes revealed considerable genomic diversity with >300 unique "genomic islands" identified, with the majority of these islands unusually clustered on one replichore. PCR-based analysis indicated that the large genomic islands are widely variable across a large collection of C. perfringens strains. These islands encode genes that correlate to differences in virulence and phenotypic characteristics of these strains. Significant differences between the strains include numerous novel mobile elements and genes encoding metabolic capabilities, strain-specific extracellular polysaccharide capsule, sporulation factors, toxins, and other secreted enzymes, providing substantial insight into this medically important bacterial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garry S.A. Myers
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | - David A. Rasko
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | - Jackie K. Cheung
- Australian Bacterial Pathogenesis Program, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Jacques Ravel
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | - Rekha Seshadri
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | - Robert T. DeBoy
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | - Qinghu Ren
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | - John Varga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24601, USA
| | - Milena M. Awad
- Australian Bacterial Pathogenesis Program, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | | | | | - Daniel H. Haft
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | - Robert J. Dodson
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | - Ramana Madupu
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | | | - M.J. Rosovitz
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | | | - Hoda Khouri
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | | | - Kisha L. Watkins
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Benton
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | - Diana Radune
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | - Derek J. Fisher
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Helen S. Atkins
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Hiscox
- Australian Bacterial Pathogenesis Program, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - B. Helen Jost
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | | | - J. Glenn Songer
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Bruce A. McClane
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Richard W. Titball
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Julian I. Rood
- Australian Bacterial Pathogenesis Program, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Stephen B. Melville
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24601, USA
| | - Ian T. Paulsen
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
- Corresponding author.E-mail ; fax (301) 838-0208
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63
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Akçelik O, Tükel C, Ozcengiz G, Akçelik M. Characterization of bacteriocins from twoLactococcus lactis subsp.lactis isolates. Mol Nutr Food Res 2006; 50:306-13. [PMID: 16523441 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200500172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, bacteriocins from two Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis isolates from raw milk samples in Turkey designated OC1 and OC2, respectively, were characterized and identified. The activity spectra of the bacteriocins were determined by using different indicator bacteria including Listeria, Bacillus and Staphylococcus spp. Bacteriocins were tested for their sensitivity to different enzymes, heat treatments and pH values. Loss of bacteriocin activities after alpha-amylase treatment suggested that they form aggregates with carbohydrates. Molecular masses of the purified bacteriocins were determined by SDS-PAGE. PCR amplification was carried out with specific primers for the detection of their structural genes. As a result of these studies, the two bacteriocins were characterized as nisin and lacticin 481, respectively. Examination of plasmid contents of the isolates and the results of plasmid curing and conjugation experiments showed that in L. lactis subsp. lactis OC1 strain the 39.7-kb plasmid is responsible for nisin production, lactose fermentation and proteolytic activity, whereas the 16.0-kb plasmid is responsible for lacticin 481 production and lactose fermentation in L. lactis subsp. lactis OC2 strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oya Akçelik
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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64
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Abstract
Twenty-seven Lactobacillus plantarum ssp. plantarum, 11 Lactobacillus paraplantarum and five Lactobacillus casei-related strains, isolated from various autochthonous Serbian and Montenegro-fermented foods, were identified using phenotypical characterization and current PCR methods based on PCR of the recA gene or the 23S-5S rRNA gene intragenic spacer (IS) region. The strains were genotypically characterized by a new method based on the insertion sequence element ISLpl11 that grouped these lactobacilli into 10 IS-fingerprinting groups. Between six and 23 copies of the ISLpl1 were found in each strain and the ISLpl1-fingerprint groups correlated well with the origin of the strains. The method proved suitable for strain typing of lactic acid bacteria at the infraspecies level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Petrovic
- Institute of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro
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65
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Freitas DA, Leclerc S, Miyoshi A, Oliveira SC, Sommer PSM, Rodrigues L, Correa Junior A, Gautier M, Langella P, Azevedo VA, Le Loir Y. Secretion of Streptomyces tendae antifungal protein 1 by Lactococcus lactis. Braz J Med Biol Res 2005; 38:1585-92. [PMID: 16258626 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2005001100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactococcus lactis, the model lactic acid bacterium, is a good candidate for heterologous protein production in both foodstuffs and the digestive tract. We attempted to produce Streptomyces tendae antifungal protein 1 (Afp1) in L. lactis with the objective of constructing a strain able to limit fungal growth. Since Afp1 activity requires disulfide bond (DSB) formation and since intracellular redox conditions are reportedly unfavorable for DSB formation in prokaryotes, Afp1 was produced as a secreted form. An inducible expression-secretion system was used to drive Afp1 secretion by L. lactis; Afp1 was fused or not with LEISSTCDA, a synthetic propeptide (LEISS) that has been described to be a secretion enhancer. Production of Afp1 alone was not achieved, but production of LEISS-Afp1 was confirmed by Western blot and immunodetection with anti-Afp1 antibodies. This protein (molecular mass: 9.8 kDa) is the smallest non-bacteriocin heterologous protein ever reported to be secreted in L. lactis via the Sec-dependent pathway. However, no anti-fungal activity was detected, even in concentrated samples of induced supernatant. This could be due to a too low secretion yield of Afp1 in L. lactis, to the absence of DSB formation, or to an improper DSB formation involving the additional cysteine residue included in LEISS propeptide. This raises questions about size limits, conformation problems, and protein secretion yields in L. lactis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Freitas
- Laboratory of Microbiology, UMR1253 STLO, Agrocampus INRA (National Institute for Agricultural Research), Rennes Cedex, France
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Abstract
Bacteriocins are bacterially produced antimicrobial peptides with narrow or broad host ranges. Many bacteriocins are produced by food-grade lactic acid bacteria, a phenomenon which offers food scientists the possibility of directing or preventing the development of specific bacterial species in food. This can be particularly useful in preservation or food safety applications, but also has implications for the development of desirable flora in fermented food. In this sense, bacteriocins can be used to confer a rudimentary form of innate immunity to foodstuffs, helping processors extend their control over the food flora long after manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Cotter
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Microbiology Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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67
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Klaenhammer TR, Barrangou R, Buck BL, Azcarate-Peril MA, Altermann E. Genomic features of lactic acid bacteria effecting bioprocessing and health. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmrre.2005.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Todorov SD, Wachsman MB, Knoetze H, Meincken M, Dicks LMT. An antibacterial and antiviral peptide produced by Enterococcus mundtii ST4V isolated from soya beans. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005; 25:508-13. [PMID: 15869868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2004] [Accepted: 02/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Enterococcus mundtii ST4V, isolated from soya beans, produces a 3950Da antibacterial peptide active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. The peptide also inactivated the herpes simplex viruses HSV-1 (strain F) and HSV-2 (strain G), a polio virus (PV3, strain Sabin) and a measles virus (strain MV/BRAZIL/001/91, an attenuated strain of MV). MV, HSV-1 and HSV-2 were 95.5%-99.9% inactivated by peptide ST4V at 400 microg/ml. Monkey kidney Vero cells were not inactivated, even at four times the level peptide ST4V displayed antiviral activity, indicating that the effect was not due to cytotoxicity. Complete inactivation or significant reduction in antimicrobial activity was observed after treatment of peptide ST4V with Proteinase K, pronase, pepsin and trypsin. No change in antimicrobial activity was recorded after treatment with alpha-amylase, suggesting that peptide ST4V was not glycosylated. This is the first description of an antibacterial and antiviral peptide with such broad-spectrum of activity, produced by a lactic acid bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetoslav D Todorov
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, 7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa
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69
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Todorov SD, Dicks LMT. Screening of lactic-acid bacteria from South African barley beer for the production of bacteriocin-like compounds. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2004; 49:406-10. [PMID: 15530005 DOI: 10.1007/bf02931601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Strains of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei (strain ST11BR), L. pentosus (strain ST151BR), L. plantarum (strain ST13BR), and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (strain ST34BR) producing bacteriocin-like peptides were isolated from barley beer produced in the Western, Northern and Eastern provinces of South Africa. The peptides (bacST11BR, bacST151BR, bacST13BR and bacST34BR) lost their activity after treatment with proteinase K, a proteinase, papain, chymotrypsin, trypsin, pepsin and pronase, but not when they were treated with alpha-amylase, suggesting that the peptides are not glycosylated. The peptides inhibited the growth of Lactobacillus casei, L. sakei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis, but not Enterobacter cloacae, Lactobacillus bulgaricus subsp. delbrueckii, L. plantarum, L. salivarius, Listeria innocua, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis, S. agalactiae, S. caprinus and S. pneumoniae. Peptides bacST11BR and bacST13BR differed from the other 2 peptides by failing to kill Klebsiella pneumoniae and one of the E. coli strains. Peptides were stable after 2 h of incubation at pH 2.0-12.0, and after 90 min at 100 degrees C. When autoclaved (121 degrees C, 20 min), only bacST13BR lost its activity. The bacteriocin-like peptides were produced at a growth temperature of 30 degrees C, but not at 37 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Todorov
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, 7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Current Awareness on Comparative and Functional Genomics. Comp Funct Genomics 2004. [PMCID: PMC2447475 DOI: 10.1002/cfg.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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