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Cortés A, Casado JL, Longo F, Serrano JJ, Saavedra C, Velasco H, Martin A, Chamorro J, Rosero D, Fernández M, Gion M, Martínez Jáñez N, Soria Rivas A, Alonso Gordoa T, Martínez Delfrade Í, Lage Y, López Miranda E, Olmedo ME, Reguera Puertas P, Gajate P, Molina Cerrillo J, Guerra Alia E, Fuentes Mateos R, Romero B, Rodríguez-Domínguez MJ, Vallejo A, Carrato A. Limited T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine among patients with cancer receiving different cancer treatments. Eur J Cancer 2022; 166:229-239. [PMID: 35316750 PMCID: PMC8885286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with cancer (PC) are at high risk of acquiring COVID-19 and can develop more serious complications. Deeper understanding of vaccines immunogenicity in this population is crucial for adequately planning vaccines programs. The ONCOVac study aimed to comprehensively assess the immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 vaccine in terms of humoral and cellular response. METHODS We conducted a prospective, single-center study including patients with solid tumours treated with cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), immunotherapy (IT) or chemotherapy (CT). Patients were enrolled previously to vaccination with mRNA-1273. We also involved health care workers (HCW) to serve as a control group. We took blood samples before first dose administration (BL), after first dose (1D), and after second dose (2D). The primary objective was to compare the rate and magnitude of T cell response after second dose whereas safety and humoral response were defined as secondary objectives. We also collected patient reported outcomes after both the first and second vaccine dose and a six-month follow-up period to diagnose incident COVID-19 cases was planned. RESULTS The rate of specific anti-S serologic positivity (anti-S IgG cut-off point at 7,14 BAU/mL) was significantly higher in HCW compared to PC after 1D (100% versus 83.8%; p = 0.04), but similar after 2D (100% versus 95.8%; p = 0.5). This difference after 1D was driven by PC treated with CT (100% versus 64.5%; p = 0.001). Cellular response after 2D was significantly lower in PC than in HCW for both CD4+ (91.7% versus 59.7%; p = 0.001) and CD8+ (94.4% versus 55.6%; p < 0.001) T cells. We found a difference on pre-existing CD4+ T cell response in HCW comparing to PC (36% and 17%, p = 0.03); without difference in pre-existing CD8+ T cell response (31% and 23%, p = 0.5). After excluding patients with pre-existing T cell response, PC achieved even lower CD4+ (50.9% versus 95.5%, p < 0.001) and CD8+ (45.5% versus 95.5%, p < 0.001) T cell response compared with HCW. Regarding safety, PC reported notably more adverse events than HCW (96.6% versus 69.2%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION We demonstrated that PC showed a similar humoral response but a lower T cell response following two doses of mRNA-1273 vaccination. Further studies are needed to complement our results and determine the implication of low T cell response on clinical protection of PC against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Cortés
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Casado
- Infectious Disease Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Longo
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERONC), Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Serrano
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Saavedra
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Héctor Velasco
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Martin
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Chamorro
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Rosero
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Fernández
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Gion
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Martínez Jáñez
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainara Soria Rivas
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Alonso Gordoa
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Íñigo Martínez Delfrade
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Lage
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena López Miranda
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - María E Olmedo
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Reguera Puertas
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Gajate
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Molina Cerrillo
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Guerra Alia
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Fuentes Mateos
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Romero
- Microbiology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario J Rodríguez-Domínguez
- Microbiology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain
| | - Alejandro Vallejo
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERONC), Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.
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Zanwar S, Abeykoon JP. Treatment paradigm in Waldenström macroglobulinemia: frontline therapy and beyond. Ther Adv Hematol 2022; 13:20406207221093962. [PMID: 35510210 PMCID: PMC9058343 DOI: 10.1177/20406207221093962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is an indolent lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Recent strides made in the genomic profiling of patients with WM have led to the identification of many novel therapeutic targets. Patients with WM can present with asymptomatic disease and not all patients require treatment. When criteria for initiating systemic therapy are met, the choice of therapy depends on the tumor genotype (MYD88 and CXCR4 mutation status), patient preference (fixed versus continuous duration therapy, oral versus intravenous route, cost), associated medical comorbidities, and adverse effect profile of the treatment. In the absence of head-to-head comparison between chemoimmunotherapy and Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors in otherwise fit patients with a MYD88L265P mutation, our preference is fixed duration therapy with four to six cycles of chemoimmunotherapy with bendamustine–rituximab. In this review, we discuss the role of MYD88 and CXCR4 mutation in treatment selection, and current data for frontline and salvage treatment options in patients with WM.
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DeVoe C, Pandey S, Shariff D, Arora S, Henrich TJ, Yokoe DS, Langelier CR, Servellita V, Chiu C, Miller S, Babik JM, Chin‐Hong P, Fung M. COVID-19 in vaccinated versus unvaccinated hematologic malignancy patients. Transpl Infect Dis 2022; 24:e13835. [PMID: 35426225 PMCID: PMC9115335 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of vaccination on severity of subsequent COVID-19 in patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs) is unknown. In this single-center retrospective cohort study, we found no difference in severity of COVID-19 disease in vaccinated (n = 16) versus unvaccinated (n = 54) HM patients using an adjusted multiple logistic regression model. Recent anti-B-cell therapy was associated with more severe illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine DeVoe
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Shraddha Pandey
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Dayana Shariff
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Shagun Arora
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Timothy J. Henrich
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA,Division of Experimental MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Deborah S. Yokoe
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Charles R. Langelier
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA,Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Venice Servellita
- Department of Laboratory MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Charles Chiu
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA,Department of Laboratory MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Steve Miller
- Department of Laboratory MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jennifer M. Babik
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Peter Chin‐Hong
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Monica Fung
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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Immunogenicity after second and third mRNA-1273 vaccination doses in patients receiving chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or both for solid tumours. Lancet Oncol 2022; 23:833-835. [PMID: 35483383 PMCID: PMC9236566 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Seneviratne SL, Yasawardene P, Wijerathne W, Somawardana B. COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients: a narrative review. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221086155. [PMID: 35313761 PMCID: PMC8943636 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221086155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has affected over 220 million individuals worldwide,
and has been shown to cause increased disease severity and mortality in patients
with active cancer versus healthy individuals. Vaccination is important in
reducing COVID-19-associated morbidity and mortality. Thus, the aim of this
article was to review the existing knowledge on effectiveness, immunogenicity
and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cancer. Fifty-four articles
were included following a search of PubMed and Google Scholar databases for
studies published between January 2020 and September 2021 that investigated
humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following COVID-19 vaccination in
patients with cancer. Immunogenicity of vaccines was found to be lower in
patients with cancer versus healthy individuals, and humoral immune responses
were inferior in those with haematological versus solid cancers. Patient-,
disease-, and treatment-related factors associated with poorer vaccine responses
should be identified and corrected or mitigated when possible. Consideration
should be given to offering patients with cancer second doses of COVID vaccine
at shorter intervals than in healthy individuals. Patients with cancer warrant a
third vaccine dose and must be prioritized in vaccination schedules. Vaccine
adverse effect profiles are comparable between patients with cancer and healthy
individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suranjith L Seneviratne
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Nawaloka Hospital Research and Education Foundation, Nawaloka Hospitals, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Pamodh Yasawardene
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Buddhika Somawardana
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Maharagama, Sri Lanka
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Lupo-Stanghellini MT, Di Cosimo S, Costantini M, Monti S, Mantegazza R, Mantovani A, Salvarani C, Zinzani PL, Inglese M, Ciceri F, Apolone G, Ciliberto G, Baldanti F, Morrone A, Sinno V, Locatelli F, Notari S, Turola E, Giannarelli D, Silvestris N. mRNA-COVID19 Vaccination Can Be Considered Safe and Tolerable for Frail Patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:855723. [PMID: 35371993 PMCID: PMC8969577 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.855723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Frail patients are considered at relevant risk of complications due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and, for this reason, are prioritized candidates for vaccination. As these patients were originally not included in the registration trials, fear related to vaccine adverse events and disease worsening was one of the reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Herein, we report the safety profile of the prospective, multicenter, national VAX4FRAIL study (NCT04848493) to evaluate vaccines in a large trans-disease cohort of patients with solid or hematological malignancies and neurological and rheumatological diseases. Methods Between March 3 and September 2, 2021, 566 patients were evaluable for safety endpoint: 105 received the mRNA-1273 vaccine and 461 the BNT162b2 vaccine. Frail patients were defined per protocol as patients under treatment with hematological malignancies (n = 131), solid tumors (n = 191), immune-rheumatological diseases (n = 86), and neurological diseases (n = 158), including multiple sclerosis and generalized myasthenia. The impact of the vaccination on the health status of patients was assessed through a questionnaire focused on the first week after each vaccine dose. Results The most frequently reported moderate–severe adverse events were pain at the injection site (60.3% after the first dose, 55.4% after the second), fatigue (30.1%–41.7%), bone pain (27.4%–27.2%), and headache (11.8%–18.9%). Risk factors associated with the occurrence of severe symptoms after vaccine administration were identified through a multivariate logistic regression analysis: age was associated with severe fever presentation (younger patients vs. middle-aged vs. older ones), female individuals presented a higher probability of severe pain at the injection site, fatigue, headache, and bone pain; and the mRNA-1237 vaccine was associated with a higher probability of severe pain at the injection site and fever. After the first dose, patients presenting a severe symptom were at a relevant risk of recurrence of the same severe symptom after the second one. Overall, 11 patients (1.9%) after the first dose and 7 (1.2%) after the second one required postponement or suspension of the disease-specific treatment. Finally, two fatal events occurred among our 566 patients. These two events were considered unrelated to the vaccine. Conclusions Our study reports that mRNA-COVID-19 vaccination is safe also in frail patients; as expected, side effects were manageable and had a minimum impact on patient care path.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena Di Cosimo
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Sara Monti
- Department of Rheumatology, Policlinico San Matteo IRCCS Fondazione, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Isitituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Humanitas, Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milano, Italy
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carlo Salvarani
- Unità di Reumatologia, Azienda unità sanitaria locale-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Unità di Reumatologia, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Zinzani
- Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli” Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, IRCCS, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matilde Inglese
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Apolone
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Regina Elena, National Cancer Institute, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri (IFO), Rome, Italy
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostics and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Aldo Morrone
- Scientific Directorate, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Sinno
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics and Pediatrics, University “La Sapienza”, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefania Notari
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L Spallanzani–IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Turola
- Infrastruttura Ricerca e Statistica, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Diana Giannarelli
- Biostatistical Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena IRCCS-IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Bari, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- *Correspondence: Nicola Silvestris,
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Lee ARYB, Wong SY, Chai LYA, Lee SC, Lee MX, Muthiah MD, Tay SH, Teo CB, Tan BKJ, Chan YH, Sundar R, Soon YY. Efficacy of covid-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2022; 376:e068632. [PMID: 35236664 PMCID: PMC8889026 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of covid-19 vaccines between immunocompromised and immunocompetent people. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, Central Register of Controlled Trials, COVID-19 Open Research Dataset Challenge (CORD-19), and WHO covid-19 databases for studies published between 1 December 2020 and 5 November 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched in November 2021 to identify registered but as yet unpublished or ongoing studies. STUDY SELECTION Prospective observational studies comparing the efficacy of covid-19 vaccination in immunocompromised and immunocompetent participants. METHODS A frequentist random effects meta-analysis was used to separately pool relative and absolute risks of seroconversion after the first and second doses of a covid-19 vaccine. Systematic review without meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 antibody titre levels was performed after first, second, and third vaccine doses and the seroconversion rate after a third dose. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed. RESULTS 82 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Of these studies, 77 (94%) used mRNA vaccines, 16 (20%) viral vector vaccines, and 4 (5%) inactivated whole virus vaccines. 63 studies were assessed to be at low risk of bias and 19 at moderate risk of bias. After one vaccine dose, seroconversion was about half as likely in patients with haematological cancers (risk ratio 0.40, 95% confidence interval 0.32 to 0.50, I2=80%; absolute risk 0.29, 95% confidence interval 0.20 to 0.40, I2=89%), immune mediated inflammatory disorders (0.53, 0.39 to 0.71, I2=89%; 0.29, 0.11 to 0.58, I2=97%), and solid cancers (0.55, 0.46 to 0.65, I2=78%; 0.44, 0.36 to 0.53, I2=84%) compared with immunocompetent controls, whereas organ transplant recipients were 16 times less likely to seroconvert (0.06, 0.04 to 0.09, I2=0%; 0.06, 0.04 to 0.08, I2=0%). After a second dose, seroconversion remained least likely in transplant recipients (0.39, 0.32 to 0.46, I2=92%; 0.35, 0.26 to 0.46), with only a third achieving seroconversion. Seroconversion was increasingly likely in patients with haematological cancers (0.63, 0.57 to 0.69, I2=88%; 0.62, 0.54 to 0.70, I2=90%), immune mediated inflammatory disorders (0.75, 0.69 to 0.82, I2=92%; 0.77, 0.66 to 0.85, I2=93%), and solid cancers (0.90, 0.88 to 0.93, I2=51%; 0.89, 0.86 to 0.91, I2=49%). Seroconversion was similar between people with HIV and immunocompetent controls (1.00, 0.98 to 1.01, I2=0%; 0.97, 0.83 to 1.00, I2=89%). Systematic review of 11 studies showed that a third dose of a covid-19 mRNA vaccine was associated with seroconversion among vaccine non-responders with solid cancers, haematological cancers, and immune mediated inflammatory disorders, although response was variable in transplant recipients and inadequately studied in people with HIV and those receiving non-mRNA vaccines. CONCLUSION Seroconversion rates after covid-19 vaccination were significantly lower in immunocompromised patients, especially organ transplant recipients. A second dose was associated with consistently improved seroconversion across all patient groups, albeit at a lower magnitude for organ transplant recipients. Targeted interventions for immunocompromised patients, including a third (booster) dose, should be performed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021272088.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shi Yin Wong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Louis Yi Ann Chai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
| | - Soo Chin Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital, 119228, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matilda Xinwei Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital, 119228, Singapore
| | - Mark Dhinesh Muthiah
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, Singapore
| | - Sen Hee Tay
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Chong Boon Teo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raghav Sundar
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital, 119228, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Gastric Cancer Consortium, Singapore
| | - Yu Yang Soon
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
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Tomalka JA, Suthar MS, Deeks SG, Sekaly RP. Fighting the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic requires a global approach to understanding the heterogeneity of vaccine responses. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:360-370. [PMID: 35210622 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Host genetic and environmental factors including age, biological sex, diet, geographical location, microbiome composition and metabolites converge to influence innate and adaptive immune responses to vaccines. Failure to understand and account for these factors when investigating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine efficacy may impair the development of the next generation of vaccines. Most studies aimed at identifying mechanisms of vaccine-mediated immune protection have focused on adaptive immune responses. It is well established, however, that mobilization of the innate immune response is essential to the development of effective cellular and humoral immunity. A comprehensive understanding of the innate immune response and environmental factors that contribute to the development of broad and durable cellular and humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and other vaccines requires a holistic and unbiased approach. Along with optimization of the immunogen and vectors, the development of adjuvants based on our evolving understanding of how the innate immune system shapes vaccine responses will be essential. Defining the innate immune mechanisms underlying the establishment of long-lived plasma cells and memory T cells could lead to a universal vaccine for coronaviruses, a key biomedical priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Tomalka
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mehul S Suthar
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Steven G Deeks
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rafick Pierre Sekaly
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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59
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van Dam P, Debie Y, Teuwen L, Verbruggen L, Vanhoutte G, Peeters B, Croes L, Vulsteke C, Anguille S, Vandamme T, Peeters M. Comparison of S1 antibody titers between BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100414. [PMID: 35305399 PMCID: PMC8818384 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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60
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Fucà G, Lecchi M, Ciniselli CM, Ottini A, Spagnoletti A, Mazzeo L, Morelli D, Frati P, Stroscia M, Ebrahem E, Sottotetti E, Galli G, D’Elia MG, Lobefaro R, Ducceschi M, Di Guardo L, Bhoori S, Provenzano S, Platania M, Niger M, Colombo E, Nichetti F, Duca M, Rivoltini L, Mortarini R, Baili P, Apolone G, de Braud F, Verderio P, Damian S. Efficacy of mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and dynamics of humoral immune response in patients with solid tumors: results from the institutional registry of an Italian tertiary cancer center. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221108687. [PMID: 35923922 PMCID: PMC9340426 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221108687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Systemic immunosuppression characterizing cancer patients represents a concern regarding the efficacy of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination, and real-world evidence is needed to define the efficacy and the dynamics of humoral immune response to mRNA-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Methods: We conducted an observational study that included patients with solid tumors who were candidates for mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination at the Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy. The primary objective was to monitor the immunologic response to the mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in terms of anti-spike antibody levels. All the patients received two doses of the mRNA-1273 vaccine or the BNT162b2 vaccine. Healthcare workers served as a control group of healthy subjects. Results: Among the 243 patients included in the present analysis, 208 (85.60%) and 238 (97.94%) resulted seroconverted after the first and the second dose of vaccine, respectively. Only five patients (2.06%) had a negative titer after the second dose. No significant differences in the rate of seroconversion after two vaccine doses were observed in patients as compared with the control group of healthy subjects. Age and anticancer treatment class had an independent impact on the antibody titer after the second dose of vaccination. In a subgroup of 171 patients with available data about the third timepoint, patients receiving immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors seem to have a higher peak of antibodies soon after the second dose (3 weeks after), but a more pronounced decrease at a late timepoint (3 months after). Conclusions: The systemic immunosuppression characterizing cancer patients did not seem to dramatically affect the humoral response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in our population of patients with solid tumors. Further investigation is needed to dissect the interplay between immunotherapy and longitudinal dynamics of humoral response to mRNA vaccines, as well as to analyze the cellular response to mRNA vaccines in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Fucà
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Lecchi
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Maura Ciniselli
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Ottini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Spagnoletti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Mazzeo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Morelli
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Frati
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Stroscia
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabella Ebrahem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Sottotetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Galli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia D’Elia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Lobefaro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Monika Ducceschi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Di Guardo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sherrie Bhoori
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Provenzano
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Platania
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Niger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Colombo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Nichetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Computational Oncology, Molecular Diagnostics Program, National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matteo Duca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Licia Rivoltini
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Mortarini
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Baili
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Apolone
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy Oncology and Hemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Damian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Giacomo Venezian, 1, Milan 20133, Italy
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61
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Gagelmann N, Passamonti F, Wolschke C, Massoud R, Niederwieser C, Adjallé R, Mora B, Ayuk F, Kröger N. Antibody response after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in adults with hematological malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Haematologica 2021; 107:1840-1849. [PMID: 34911284 PMCID: PMC9335098 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.280163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have shown remarkable efficacy and thus constitute an important preventive option against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in fragile patients. We aimed to systematically analyze the outcomes of patients with hematological malignancies who received vaccination and to identify specific groups with differences in outcomes. The primary end point was antibody response after full vaccination (2 doses of mRNA or one dose of vectorbased vaccines). We identified 49 studies comprising 11,086 individuals. Overall risk of bias was low. The pooled response for hematological malignancies was 64% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 59-69; I²=93%) versus 96% (95% CI: 92-97; I²=44%) for solid cancer and 98% (95% CI: 96-99; I²=55%) for healthy controls (P<0.001). Outcome was different across hematological malignancies (P<0.001). The pooled response was 50% (95% CI: 43-57; I²=84%) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 76% (95% CI: 67-83; I²=92%) for multiple myeloma, 83% (95% CI: 69-91; I²=85%) for myeloproliferative neoplasms, 91% (95% CI: 82-96; I²=12%) for Hodgkin lymphoma, and 58% (95% CI: 44-70; I²=84%) for aggressive and 61% (95% CI: 48-72; I²=85%) for indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The pooled response for allogeneic and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation was 82% and 83%, respectively. Being in remission and prior COVID-19 showed significantly higher responses. Low pooled response was identified for active treatment (35%), anti-CD20 therapy ≤1 year (15%), Bruton kinase inhibition (23%), venetoclax (26%), ruxolitinib (42%), and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (42%). Studies on timing, value of boosters, and long-term efficacy are needed. This study is registered with PROSPERO (clinicaltrials gov. Identifier: CRD42021279051).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Gagelmann
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg.
| | | | - Christine Wolschke
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Radwan Massoud
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Niederwieser
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Raissa Adjallé
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Francis Ayuk
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicolaus Kröger
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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62
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Lasagna A, Lilleri D, Agustoni F, Percivalle E, Borgetto S, Alessio N, Comolli G, Sarasini A, Bergami F, Sammartino JC, Ferrari A, Zavaglio F, Arena F, Secondino S, Falzoni M, Schiavo R, Lo Cascio G, Cavanna L, Baldanti F, Pedrazzoli P, Cassaniti I. Analysis of the humoral and cellular immune response after a full course of BNT162b2 anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with or without chemotherapy: an update after 6 months of follow-up. ESMO Open 2021; 7:100359. [PMID: 34973510 PMCID: PMC8664661 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The durability of immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in cancer patients remains to be elucidated. We prospectively evaluated the immunogenicity of the vaccine in triggering both the humoral and the cell-mediated immune response in cancer patients treated with anti-programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 with or without chemotherapy 6 months after BNT162b2 vaccine. Patients and methods In the previous study, 88 patients were enrolled, whereas the analyses below refer to the 60 patients still on immunotherapy at the time of the follow-up. According to previous SARS-CoV-2 exposure, patients were classified as SARS-CoV-2-naive (without previous SARS-CoV-2 exposure) and SARS-CoV-2-experienced (with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection). Neutralizing antibody (NT Ab) titer against the B.1.1 strain and total anti-spike immunoglobulin G concentration were quantified in serum samples. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay was used for quantification of anti-spike interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing cells/106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Fifty patients (83.0%) were on immunotherapy alone, whereas 10 patients (7%) were on chemo-immunotherapy. We analyzed separately patients on immunotherapy and patients on chemo-immunotherapy. Results The median T-cell response at 6 months was significantly lower than that measured at 3 weeks after vaccination [50 interquartile range (IQR) 20-118.8 versus 175 IQR 67.5-371.3 IFN-γ-producing cells/106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells; P < 0.0001]. The median reduction of immunoglobulin G concentration was 88% in SARS-CoV-2-naive subjects and 2.1% in SARS-CoV-2-experienced subjects. SARS-CoV-2 NT Ab titer was maintained in SARS-CoV-2-experienced subjects, whereas a significant decrease was observed in SARS-CoV-2-naive subjects (from median 1 : 160, IQR 1 : 40-1 : 640 to median 1 : 20, IQR 1 : 10-1 : 40; P < 0.0001). A weak correlation was observed between SARS-CoV-2 NT Ab titer and spike-specific IFN-γ-producing cells at both 6 months and 3 weeks after vaccination (r = 0.467; P = 0.0002 and r = 0.428; P = 0.0006, respectively). Conclusions Our work highlights a reduction in the immune response in cancer patients, particularly in SARS-CoV-2-naive subjects. Our data support administering a third dose of COVID-19 vaccine to cancer patients treated with programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitors. Median spike-specific T-cell response at 6 months was lower compared with 3 weeks after vaccine in SARS-CoV-2-naive subjects. Median reduction of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin G concentration was 88% in SARS-CoV-2-naive subjects. The SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity was maintained stable in subjects with previous COVID-19. No COVID-19 cases were documented throughout the period of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lasagna
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - D Lilleri
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Agustoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - E Percivalle
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Borgetto
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - N Alessio
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - G Comolli
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Sarasini
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Bergami
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - J C Sammartino
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Ferrari
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Zavaglio
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Arena
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Secondino
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Falzoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - R Schiavo
- Microbiology Unit, Hospital Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza, Italy
| | - G Lo Cascio
- Microbiology Unit, Hospital Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza, Italy
| | - L Cavanna
- Oncology Unit, Hospital Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza, Italy
| | - F Baldanti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Departments of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - P Pedrazzoli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - I Cassaniti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Debie Y, Vandamme T, Goossens M, van Dam P, Peeters M. Antibody Titers Before and After a Third Dose of the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Vaccine in Cancer patients. Eur J Cancer 2021; 163:177-179. [PMID: 35077960 PMCID: PMC8714294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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64
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Takada K, Takamori S, Miura N, Shikada Y, Shimokawa M. Correspondence Regarding "Tolerability of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 in Patients With Thymic Epithelial Tumors". JTO Clin Res Rep 2021; 2:100238. [PMID: 34870248 PMCID: PMC8629511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2021.100238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Takada
- Department of Surgery, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinkichi Takamori
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoko Miura
- Department of Surgery, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasunori Shikada
- Department of Surgery, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Shimokawa
- Department of Biostatistics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
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