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Kallel F, Driss D, Chaabouni SE, Ghorbel R. Biological Activities of Xylooligosaccharides Generated from Garlic Straw Xylan by Purified Xylanase from Bacillus mojavensis UEB-FK. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:950-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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52
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Bertrand E, Pierre G, Delattre C, Gardarin C, Bridiau N, Maugard T, Štrancar A, Michaud P. Dextranase immobilization on epoxy CIM® disk for the production of isomaltooligosaccharides from dextran. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 111:707-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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53
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Do furanic and phenolic compounds of lignocellulosic and algae biomass hydrolyzate inhibit anaerobic mixed cultures? A comprehensive review. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:934-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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54
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Samanta A, Jayapal N, Kolte A, Senani S, Sridhar M, Dhali A, Suresh K, Jayaram C, Prasad C. Process for Enzymatic Production of Xylooligosaccharides from the Xylan of Corn Cobs. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.K. Samanta
- Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory; Animal Nutrition Division; National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore Karnataka 560030 India
| | - N. Jayapal
- Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory; Animal Nutrition Division; National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore Karnataka 560030 India
| | - A.P. Kolte
- Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory; Animal Nutrition Division; National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore Karnataka 560030 India
| | - S. Senani
- Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory; Animal Nutrition Division; National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore Karnataka 560030 India
| | - M. Sridhar
- Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory; Animal Nutrition Division; National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore Karnataka 560030 India
| | - A. Dhali
- Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory; Animal Nutrition Division; National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore Karnataka 560030 India
| | - K.P. Suresh
- Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory; Animal Nutrition Division; National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore Karnataka 560030 India
| | - C. Jayaram
- Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory; Animal Nutrition Division; National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore Karnataka 560030 India
| | - C.S. Prasad
- Feed Additives and Nutraceuticals Laboratory; Animal Nutrition Division; National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore Karnataka 560030 India
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55
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Zhang Y, Mu X, Wang H, Li B, Peng H. Combined deacetylation and PFI refining pretreatment of corn cob for the improvement of a two-stage enzymatic hydrolysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:4661-7. [PMID: 24810587 DOI: 10.1021/jf500189a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A combined deacetylation and PFI refining pretreatment was applied to corn cob for the improvement of a two-stage enzymatic hydrolysis. In stage 1, the pretreated corn cob was first hydrolyzed by xylanase to produce xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS). In stage 2, the solid residue isolated from stage 1 was further hydrolyzed by cellulase and β-glucosidase. NaOH, Na2CO3, and Ca(OH)2 were tested to remove acetyl groups in the process of deacetylation, and it was found that Ca(OH)2 could be the most suitable alkali for deacetylation in this work. After deacetylation using 0.8 mmol of Ca(OH)2/g of substrate and PFI refining, 50.5% xylan in the raw material could be hydrolyzed into XOS. The corresponding xylan yield of stage 1, the glucan yield of stage 2, and the total sugar yield (all sugars released in the hydrolyzate) after the two-stage enzymatic hydrolysis were 0.306, 0.305, and 0.661 g/g of corn cob, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuedong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Qingdao, Shandong 266101, People's Republic of China
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56
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Kocabas DS, Ozben N. Co-production of xylanase and xylooligosaccharides from lignocellulosic agricultural wastes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02508c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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57
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Zhu J, Zhu Y, Jiang F, Xu Y, Ouyang J, Yu S. An integrated process to produce ethanol, vanillin, and xylooligosaccharides from Camellia oleifera shell. Carbohydr Res 2013; 382:52-7. [PMID: 24188806 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to present an integrated process that can be used to produce ethanol, vanillin, and xylooligosaccharides from Camellia oleifera shell. After the shell was pretreated with NaOH, two fractions were obtained: solid and liquid fractions. The solid fraction was hydrolyzed with cellulase and then fermented with Pichia stipitis to produce ethanol. The liquid fraction was subjected to oxidation to prepare vanillin or hydrolysis with xylanase to prepare xylooligosaccharides. The optimal pretreatment conditions of an orthogonal test were as follows: 12% NaOH concentration; 120°C; 150 min; and liquid-solid ratio of 10.0. After pretreatment, the solid fraction containing cellulose and a small part of xylan at 10% substance concentration via enzymatic hydrolysis and glucose-xylose cofermentation could obtain 17.35 g/L of ethanol, 80.90% of the theoretical yield. The liquid fraction was initially hydrolyzed with xylanase to produce 1758.63 mg/L of xylooligosaccharides (DP2-6) and then oxidized to produce 322.07 mg/L of vanillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuel & Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, China.
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58
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Reddy SS, Krishnan C. Characterization of Enzyme Released Antioxidant Phenolic Acids and Xylooligosaccharides from DifferentGraminaceaeorPoaceaeMembers. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2013.840787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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59
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Chapla D, Dholakiya S, Madamwar D, Shah A. Characterization of purified fungal endoxylanase and its application for production of value added food ingredient from agroresidues. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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60
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Battaglia D, Bossi S, Cascone P, Digilio MC, Prieto JD, Fanti P, Guerrieri E, Iodice L, Lingua G, Lorito M, Maffei ME, Massa N, Ruocco M, Sasso R, Trotta V. Tomato below ground-above ground interactions: Trichoderma longibrachiatum affects the performance of Macrosiphum euphorbiae and its natural antagonists. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2013; 26:1249-56. [PMID: 23718124 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-02-13-0059-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Below ground and above ground plant-insect-microorganism interactions are complex and regulate most of the developmental responses of important crop plants such as tomato. We investigated the influence of root colonization by a nonmycorrhizal plant-growth-promoting fungus on direct and indirect defenses of tomato plant against aphids. The multitrophic system included the plant Solanum lycopersicum ('San Marzano nano'), the root-associated biocontrol fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum strain MK1, the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae (a tomato pest), the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi, and the aphid predator Macrolophus pygmaeus. Laboratory bioassays were performed to assess the effect of T. longibrachiatum MK1, interacting with the tomato plant, on quantity and quality of volatile organic compounds (VOC) released by tomato plant, aphid development and reproduction, parasitoid behavior, and predator behavior and development. When compared with the uncolonized controls, plants whose roots were colonized by T. longibrachiatum MK1 showed quantitative differences in the release of specific VOC, better aphid population growth indices, a higher attractiveness toward the aphid parasitoid and the aphid predator, and a quicker development of aphid predator. These findings support the development of novel strategies of integrated control of aphid pests. The species-specific or strain-specific characteristics of these below ground-above ground interactions remain to be assessed.
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61
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Takahashi Y, Kawabata H, Murakami S. Analysis of functional xylanases in xylan degradation by Aspergillus niger E-1 and characterization of the GH family 10 xylanase XynVII. SPRINGERPLUS 2013; 2:447. [PMID: 24083101 PMCID: PMC3786065 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Xylanases produced by Aspergillus niger are industrially important and many types of xylanases have been reported. Individual xylanases have been well studied for their enzymatic properties, gene cloning, and heterologous expression. However, less attention has been paid to the relationship between xylanase genes carried on the A. niger genome and xylanases produced by A. niger strains. Therefore, we examined xylanase genes encoded on the genome of A. niger E-1 and xylanases produced in culture. Seven putative xylanase genes, xynI–VII (named in ascending order of the molecular masses of the deduced amino acid sequences), were amplified from the strain E-1 genome using primers designed from the genome sequence of A. niger CBS 513.88 by PCR and phylogenetically classified into three clusters. Additionally, culture supernatant analysis by DE52 anion–exchange column chromatography revealed that this strain produced three xylanases, XynII, XynIII, and XynVII, which were identified by N-terminal amino acid sequencing and MALDI-TOF-MS analyses, in culture when gown in 0.5% xylan medium supplemented with 50 mM succinate. Furthermore, XynVII, the only GH family 10 xylanase in A. niger E-1, was purified and characterized. The purified enzyme showed a single band with a molecular mass of 35 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The highest activity of purified XynVII was observed at 55°C and pH 5.5. The enzyme was stable in the broad pH range of 3–10 and up to 60°C and was resistant to most metal ions and modifying regents. XynVII showed high specificity against beechwood xylan with Km and Vmax values of 2.8 mg mL–1 and 127 μmol min–1mg–1, respectively. TLC and MALDI-TOF-MS analyses showed that the final hydrolyzed products of the enzyme from beechwood xylan were xylose, xylobiose, and xylotriose substituted with a 4-o-metylglucuronic acid residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Takahashi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571 Japan
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62
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Li H, Long C, Zhou J, Liu J, Wu X, Long M. Rapid analysis of mono-saccharides and oligo-saccharides in hydrolysates of lignocellulosic biomass by HPLC. Biotechnol Lett 2013; 35:1405-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-013-1224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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63
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Carvalho AFA, Neto PDO, da Silva DF, Pastore GM. Xylo-oligosaccharides from lignocellulosic materials: Chemical structure, health benefits and production by chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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64
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Samanta AK, Jayapal N, Kolte AP, Senani S, Sridhar M, Mishra S, Prasad CS, Suresh KP. Application of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) Stalks as Raw Material for Xylooligosaccharides Production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 169:2392-404. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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65
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Bian J, Peng F, Peng XP, Peng P, Xu F, Sun RC. Structural features and antioxidant activity of xylooligosaccharides enzymatically produced from sugarcane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 127:236-41. [PMID: 23131647 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 08/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) were prepared from xylan-rich hemicelluloses isolated by potassium hydroxide from sugarcane bagasse by hydrolysis with crude xylanase secreted by Pichia stipitis. Hydrolysis for 12h produced XOS with a maximum yield of 31.8%, equivalent to 5.29 mg mL(-1) in the hydrolyzate. XOS with degrees of polymerization (DP) from 2 to 4 (xylobiose, xylotriose, and xylotetraose) were the major components in the hydrolysates, whereas the oligosaccharides with higher DP of 5-6 (xylopentaose and xylohexose) showed a constant low level. FT-IR and NMR ((1)H, (13)C, HSQC) demonstrated that XOS contained Araf and 4-O-Me-α-D-GlcpA residues. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay showed that the XOS exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant activity. The results obtained indicate that the XOS produced from sugarcane bagasse can be employed in food-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bian
- Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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66
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Alkaline xylanases from Bacillus mojavensis A21: Production and generation of xylooligosaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:647-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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67
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Deutschmann R, Dekker RF. From plant biomass to bio-based chemicals: Latest developments in xylan research. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:1627-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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68
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Panesar PS, Kumari S, Panesar R. Biotechnological approaches for the production of prebiotics and their potential applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2012; 33:345-64. [PMID: 22985065 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2012.709482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide interest in prebiotics have been increasing extensively both as food ingredients and pharmacological supplements, since they have beneficial properties for human health. Prebiotics not only stimulate the growth of healthy bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the gut but also increase the resistance towards pathogens. In addition to this, they also act as dietary fiber, an energy source for intestinal cells after converting to short-chain fatty acids, a stimulator of immune systems, sugar replacer etc. Moreover, due to heat resistant properties, they are able to maintain their intact form during the baking process and allow them to be incorporated into every day food products. Thus, they can be interesting and useful ingredients in the development of novel functional foods. This review provides comprehensive information about the different biotechnological techniques employed in the production of prebiotics and their potential applications in different areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmjit S Panesar
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering & Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology , Longowal, Punjab , India
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69
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Peng F, Peng P, Xu F, Sun RC. Fractional purification and bioconversion of hemicelluloses. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:879-903. [PMID: 22306329 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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70
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Samanta A, Senani S, Kolte AP, Sridhar M, Sampath K, Jayapal N, Devi A. Production and in vitro evaluation of xylooligosaccharides generated from corn cobs. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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71
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Chapla D, Pandit P, Shah A. Production of xylooligosaccharides from corncob xylan by fungal xylanase and their utilization by probiotics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 115:215-221. [PMID: 22100233 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.10.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The selective production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) was carried out using partially purified xylanase from Aspergillus foetidus MTCC 4898. Corncob xylan was extracted using a mild alkali treatment which yielded 178.73±5.8 g of xylan/kg of corncobs. Partially purified β-xylosidase free xylanase was found efficient in releasing xylooligosaccharides from corncob xylan. Maximum yield of xylooligosaccharides was 6.73±0.23 mg/ml after 8 h of reaction time using 20 U of xylanase at 45°C. Purification of XOS was done using activated charcoal column chromatography. The purified XOS preparation contained mainly xylobiose and xylotriose. XOS mixture was found suitable for food industry looking at its high thermal stability at low pH. Prebiotic effect of XOS was evaluated by in vitro fermentation of XOS using known probiotic strains viz. Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus acidophilus. The results of this study revealed better growth of Bifidobacterium spp. on XOS than Lactobacillus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digantkumar Chapla
- BRD School of Biosciences, Sardar Patel Maidan, Satellite Campus, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India.
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72
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Li X, Li E, Zhu Y, Teng C, Sun B, Song H, Yang R. A typical endo-xylanase from Streptomyces rameus L2001 and its unique characteristics in xylooligosaccharide production. Carbohydr Res 2012; 359:30-6. [PMID: 22925761 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The activity of the extracellular xylanase produced by Streptomyces rameus L2001 against different xylans and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) was investigated. The main products of hydrolysis of birchwood xylan and oat-spelt xylan by the S. rameus L2001 xylanase were xylobiose (X2) and xylotriose (X3), suggesting that this is an endo-acting xylanase. This was confirmed by analysis of XOS degradation products. The enzyme hardly hydrolyzed X2 and X3, but hydrolyzed xylotetraose (X4) and xylopentaose (X5) producing mainly X2 and X3 through transglycosylation. Depending on the substrate, different quantities of reducing sugars were produced by the xylanase: 150 mg/g from corncob, 105 mg/g from bean culms, and 133 mg/g from bagasse. With the bagasse substrate, the xylanase yielded 2.36, 2.76, 2.03, and 2.17 mg/mL of X2, X3, X4, and X5, respectively. The structure of xylobiose and xylotriose from the hydrolysis of corncob xylan was identified by MS and NMR. The production of XOS from various agricultural wastes has potential industrial applications. This is the first report of XOS production by S. rameus L2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuting Li
- Department of Food Science, School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
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73
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Samanta AK, Jayapal N, Kolte AP, Senani S, Sridhar M, Suresh KP, Sampath KT. Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from alkali solubilized xylan of natural grass (Sehima nervosum). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 112:199-205. [PMID: 22414575 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a process for producing XOS from Sehima nervosum grass was developed. The grass contains 28.1% hemicellulose. NaOH and steam application yielded 98% of original xylan in contrast to 85% by KOH application. Hydrolysis of xylan with commercial xylanase caused breakdown into XOS comprising of xylobiose, xylotriose along with xylose. Response surface model (RSM) revealed highest xylobiose yield (11 g/100g xylan) at pH 5.03, temperature 45.19°C, reaction time 10.11h with enzyme dose 17.41 U. Similarly for maximizing xylotriose yield, ideal hydrolysis conditions were pH 5.11, temperature 40.33°C, reaction time 16.55 h with enzyme dose 13.20 U. A two step process encompassing xylan fractionation and enzymatic hydrolysis enabled XOS production from the S. nervosum grass.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Samanta
- National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore 560030, India.
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74
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NURCHOLIS MOCHAMAD, NURHAYATI NIKNIK, HELIANTI IS, ULFAH MARIA, WAHYUNTARI BUDIASIH, KRISNA WARDANI AGUSTIN. Cloning of α-L-arabinofuranosidase Genes and Its Expression in Escherichia coli: A Comparative Study of Recombinant Arabinofuranosidase Originatingin Bacillus subtilis DB104 and Newly Isolated Bacillus licheniformis CW1. MICROBIOLOGY INDONESIA 2012. [DOI: 10.5454/mi.6.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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75
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Bian J, Peng F, Peng P, Xu F, Sun RC. Chemical composition and structural feature of Populus gansuensis hemicellulosic polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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76
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Yang H, Wang K, Song X, Xu F. Production of xylooligosaccharides by xylanase from Pichia stipitis based on xylan preparation from triploid Populas tomentosa. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:7171-7176. [PMID: 21565493 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) with DP 2-4 are important synbiotics used as food ingredients based on its prebiotic characteristics. In this work, the production of XOS from lignocellulosic material was performed by combined chemical-enzymatic methods. Xylan was prepared from triploid Populas tomentosa, and bioconverted into XOS by crude xylanase solution obtained from Pichia stipitis. The effects of reaction time, temperature, enzyme dosage, and pH value on the production of XOS were fully evaluated. Under the optimal condition (25U g(-1) substrate, pH 5.4 and 50°C), 36.8% of the xylan preparation was converted to XOS, equivalent to 3.95 mg/mL of the hydrolyzate. Xylobiose, xylotriose and xylotetrose were analyzed to be the main products of the enzymatic hydrolyzate, which together accounted for over 95% of the released oligosaccharides. Meanwhile, the effect of sonication pretreatment on the conversion efficiency of the xylan preparation was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yang
- Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Technology, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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77
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Qing Q, Wyman CE. Hydrolysis of different chain length xylooliogmers by cellulase and hemicellulase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:1359-66. [PMID: 20943381 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Revised: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Commercial cellulase complexes produced by cellulolytic fungi contain enzyme activities that are capable of hydrolyzing non-cellulosic polysaccharides in biomass, primarily hemicellulose and pectins, in addition to cellulose. However, xylanase activities detected in most commercial enzyme preparations have been shown to be insufficient to completely hydrolyze xylan, resulting in high xylooligomer concentrations remaining in the hydrolysis broth. Our recent research showed that these xylooligomers are stronger inhibitors of cellulase activity than others have previously established for glucose and cellobiose, making their removal of great importance. In this study, a HPLC system that can measure xylooligomers with degrees of polymerization (DP) up to 30 was applied to assess how Spezyme CP cellulase, Novozyme 188 β-glucosidase, Multifect xylanase, and non-commercial β-xylosidase enzymes hydrolyze different chain length xylooligomers derived from birchwood xylan. Spezyme CP cellulase and Multifect xylanase partially hydrolyzed high DP xylooligomers to lower DP species and monomeric xylose, while β-xylosidase showed the strongest ability to degrade both high and low DP xylooligomers. However, about 10-30% of the higher DP xylooligomers were difficult to be breakdown by cellulase or xylanase and about 5% of low DP xylooligomers (mainly xylobiose) proved resistant to hydrolysis by cellulase or β-glucosidase, possibly due to low β-xylosidase activity in these enzymes and/or the precipitation of high DP xylooligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Qing
- Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 1084 Columbia Avenue, CA 92507, USA
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Akpinar O, Erdogan K, Bakir U, Yilmaz L. Comparison of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of tobacco stalk xylan for preparation of xylooligosaccharides. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2009.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Akpinar O, Erdogan K, Bostanci S. Production of xylooligosaccharides by controlled acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:660-6. [PMID: 19211099 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2008] [Revised: 01/12/2009] [Accepted: 01/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Different agricultural wastes, namely tobacco stalk (TS), cotton stalk (CS), sunflower stalk (SS), and wheat straw (WS), were used for the production of xylooligosaccharide (XO). XO production was performed by acid hydrolysis of xylan, which was obtained by alkali extraction from these agricultural wastes. The major component of these agricultural wastes was determined as cellulose (30-42%), followed by xylan (20%) and lignin (20-27%). Xylans from these wastes had mainly xylose (85-96%) with small amount of glucose, while wheat straw xylan contained also arabinose. The best xylan conversion into XOs was achieved with 0.25M H(2)SO(4) with 30-min reaction time. Under these conditions, the XO yield was between 8% and 13%. The yield of XOs depends on both acid concentration and hydrolysis time, but the yield of monosaccharide depends on the structure and composition of xylan besides acid concentration and the time. The more branched xylan, WSX, gave the highest monosaccharide ( approximately 16%) and furfural ( approximately 49mg/100g xylan) yield. This research showed that all xylans from selected agricultural wastes generated XOs with similar profiles, and these oligosaccharides could be used as functional food ingredients or soluble substrates for xylanases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Akpinar
- Gaziosmanpasa University, Department of Food Engineering, Tasliciftlik, Tr-60250 Tokat, Turkey.
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