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Wang X, Yang DY, Yang LQ, Zhao WZ, Cai LY, Shi HP. Anthocyanin Consumption and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. J Am Coll Nutr 2018; 38:470-477. [PMID: 30589398 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1531084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This meta-analysis aimed to summarize the association between anthocyanin consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer. All relative articles were located on online databases, including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library as of June 11, 2018. Risk ratios (RRs) or odds ratio and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated through the STATA 12.0 software package. A total of seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. A significant inverse association was found between total anthocyanin consumption and colorectal cancer risk (RR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.64-0.95). Likewise, there was significant evidence of a relationship between anthocyanin intake and colorectal cancer in the colon site (RR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71-0.92); men (RR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.81-0.95), and case-control studies (RR = 0.69; 95% CI, 0.60-0.78). A dose-response relationship was not found in this meta-analysis. The Grades of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation quality in our study was very low. This meta-analysis indicates that anthocyanin consumption is inversely associated with the risk of colorectal cancer. Anthocyanins may play an active role in the prevention of colorectal cancer. Key teaching points: Some epidemiological studies found an inverse correlation between the high consumption of anthocyanins and low risk of colorectal cancer. Because of this structure, anthocyanins/anthocyanidins have a powerful capability of donating electrons, which can be characterized as antioxidant properties. Anthocyanins can also inhibit colon cancer by interfering in the cell cycle and inducing the effect of anti-proliferation and apoptosis. The formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles in cells also indicates that anthocyanins may induce autophagy. From the findings of nonrandomized controlled trials, anthocyanins may play an active role in the prevention of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- a Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition , Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University/Ninth Clinical Medical College, Peking University , Beijing , China
| | - De-Yi Yang
- b Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Liu-Qing Yang
- a Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition , Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University/Ninth Clinical Medical College, Peking University , Beijing , China
| | - Wen-Zhi Zhao
- a Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition , Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University/Ninth Clinical Medical College, Peking University , Beijing , China
| | - Li-Ya Cai
- a Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition , Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University/Ninth Clinical Medical College, Peking University , Beijing , China
| | - Han-Ping Shi
- a Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition , Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University/Ninth Clinical Medical College, Peking University , Beijing , China
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52
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Li X. Comparative Study of 1,1‐Diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl Radical (DPPH•) Scavenging Capacity of the Antioxidant Xanthones Family. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou China
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53
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A Kinetic Approach of DPPH Free Radical Assay of Ferulate-Based Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs). Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123201. [PMID: 30563037 PMCID: PMC6321392 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The antiradical efficiency (AE) and kinetic behavior of a new ferulate-based protic ionic liquids (PILs) were described using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. The reduction of the DPPH free radical (DPPH•) was investigated by measuring the decrease in absorbance at 517 nm. The time to reach steady state for the reaction of parent acid (ferulic acid) and synthesized PILs with DPPH• was continuously recorded for 1 h. Results revealed that the AE of 2-butylaminoethanol ferulate (2BAEF), 3-dimethylaminopropanol ferulate (3DMAPF) and 3-diethylaminopropanol ferulate (3DEAPF) PILs have improved compared to ferulic acid (FA) as the reaction class changes from low to medium. This attributed to the strong hydrogen abstraction occurred in the PILs. Furthermore, these PILs were found to have a good kinetic behavior compared to FA due to the high rate constant (k₂) (164.17, 242.84 and 244.73 M-1 s-1, respectively). The alkyl chain length and more alkyl substituents on the nitrogen atom of cation were believed to reduce the cation-anion interaction and speed up the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and electron transfer (ET) mechanisms; hence, increased rate constant was observed leading to a strong antioxidant activity of the synthesized PILs.
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54
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Jiang X, Li X, Zhu C, Sun J, Tian L, Chen W, Bai W. The target cells of anthocyanins in metabolic syndrome. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:921-946. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1491022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Cuijuan Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lingmin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
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55
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Li J, Zhao A, Yu M, Li Y, Liu X, Chen X. Function analysis of anthocyanidin synthase from Morus alba L. by expression in bacteria and tobacco. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Karasawa MMG, Mohan C. Fruits as Prospective Reserves of bioactive Compounds: A Review. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2018; 8:335-346. [PMID: 30069678 PMCID: PMC6109443 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-018-0186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive natural products have always played a significant role as novel therapeutical agents irrespective of their source of origin. They have a profound effect on human health by both direct and indirect means and also possess immense medicinal properties. Fruit species are largely appreciated and highly consumed throughout the world. Epidemiologic information supports the association between high intake of fruits and low risk of chronic diseases. There are several biological reasons why the consumption of fruits might reduce or prevent chronic diseases. Fruits are rich sources of nutrients and energy, have vitamins, minerals, fiber and numerous other classes of biologically active compounds. Moreover, parts of the fruit crops like fruit peels, leaves and barks also possess medicinal properties and have been included in this review. The most important activities discussed in this review include antidiabetic, anticancer, antihypertensive, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, stimulation of the immune system, cell detoxification, cholesterol synthesis, anticonvulsant and their ability to lower blood pressure. Several phytochemicals involved in this context are described with special emphasis on their structural properties and their relativity with human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chakravarthi Mohan
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Li X, Jiang Q, Chen B, Luo X, Chen D. Structure-Activity Relationship and Prediction of the Electron-Transfer Potential of the Xanthones Series. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:730-736. [PMID: 30258745 PMCID: PMC6148407 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure-activity relationships of 31 xanthones were analyzed by using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay to determine their electron-transfer (ET) potential. It was proven that the ET potential of xanthones was dominated by four moieties (i.e. hydroquinone moiety, 5,6-catechol moiety, 6,7-catechol moiety, and 7,8-catechol moiety) and was only slightly affected by other structural features, including a single phenolic OH group, the resorcinol moiety, the transannular dihydroxy moiety, a methoxy group, a sugar residue, an isoprenyl group, a cyclized isoprenyl group, and an isopentanol group. The results could be used to predict the ET potentials of other antioxidant xanthones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineWaihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterGuangzhou510006China
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCMGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China
| | - Qian Jiang
- School of Chinese Herbal MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineWaihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterGuangzhou510006China
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCMGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China
| | - Ban Chen
- School of Chinese Herbal MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineWaihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterGuangzhou510006China
- Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCMGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- School of Chinese Herbal MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineWaihuan East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterGuangzhou510006China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical ScienceGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China
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Preparation and Antioxidant Activity of Ethyl-Linked Anthocyanin-Flavanol Pigments from Model Wine Solutions. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051066. [PMID: 29751487 PMCID: PMC6100035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanin-flavanol pigments, formed during red wine fermentation and storage by condensation reactions between anthocyanins and flavanols (monomers, oligomers, and polymers), are one of the major groups of polyphenols in aged red wine. However, knowledge of their biological activities is lacking. This is probably due to the structural diversity and complexity of these molecules, which makes the large-scale separation and isolation of the individual compounds very difficult, thus restricting their further study. In this study, anthocyanins (i.e., malvidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside, and peonidin-3-glucoside) and (–)-epicatechin were first isolated at a preparative scale by high-speed counter-current chromatography. The condensation reaction between each of the isolated anthocyanins and (–)-epicatechin, mediated by acetaldehyde, was conducted in model wine solutions to obtain ethyl-linked anthocyanin-flavanol pigments. The effects of pH, molar ratio, and temperature on the reaction rate were investigated, and the reaction conditions of pH 1.7, molar ratio 1:6:10 (anthocyanin/(–)-epicatechin/acetaldehyde), and reaction temperature of 35 °C were identified as optimal for conversion of anthocyanins to ethyl-linked anthocyanin-flavanol pigments. Six ethyl-linked anthocyanin-flavanol pigments were isolated in larger quantities and collected under optimal reaction conditions, and their chemical structures were identified by HPLC-QTOF-MS and ECD analyses. Furthermore, DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays indicate that ethyl-linked anthocyanin-flavanol pigments show stronger antioxidant activities than their precursor anthocyanins.
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59
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Antioxidant and prebiotic activity of five peonidin-based anthocyanins extracted from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.). Sci Rep 2018; 8:5018. [PMID: 29568082 PMCID: PMC5864876 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23397-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Twelve kinds of anthocyanins from the Chinese purple sweet potato cultivar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) were extracted and identified using LC-MS/MS, which had a high content of peonidin-based anthocyanins. Five peonidin-based anthocyanin monomers (P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5) were isolated by preparative liquid chromatography with structural analyses using an Impact II Q-TOF MS/MS. Then, the functional properties of the anthocyanin monomers, such as the antioxidant activities, proliferative effects on probiotics, and their inhibition on harmful bacteria in vitro, were investigated. The peonidin-based components in purple sweet potato anthocyanins (PSPAs) showed good properties regarding scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and superoxide anions, and had good potential in reducing the total power activity and Fe2+ chelating ability. While the order of the antioxidant abilities was as follows: P4 > P5 > P3 > P2 > P1 > PSPAs. Microbial cultivations showed that P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and PSPAs could induce the proliferation of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium infantis and Lactobacillus acidophilus, and they inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium, suggesting the anthocyanins might have prebiotic-like activity through the modulation of the intestinal microbiota. Our results indicate that peonidin-based anthocyanins could be further utilized in health foods and pharmaceutical developments.
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60
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Synthesis and antiradical activity of novel copper(II) complexes of long chain reduced Schiff base ligands. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-2137-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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61
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Radical Scavenging and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Representative Anthocyanin Groupings from Pigment-Rich Fruits and Vegetables. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010169. [PMID: 29316619 PMCID: PMC5796118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins, the naturally occurring pigments responsible for most red to blue colours of flowers, fruits and vegetables, have also attracted interest because of their potential health effects. With the aim of contributing to major insights into their structure–activity relationship (SAR), we have evaluated the radical scavenging and biological activities of selected purified anthocyanin samples (PASs) from various anthocyanin-rich plant materials: two fruits (mahaleb cherry and blackcurrant) and two vegetables (black carrot and “Sun Black” tomato), differing in anthocyanin content (ranging from 4.9 to 38.5 mg/g DW) and molecular structure of the predominant anthocyanins. PASs from the abovementioned plant materials have been evaluated for their antioxidant capacity using Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assays. In human endothelial cells, we analysed the anti-inflammatory activity of different PASs by measuring their effects on the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. We demonstrated that all the different PASs showed biological activity. They exhibited antioxidant capacity of different magnitude, higher for samples containing non-acylated anthocyanins (typical for fruits) compared to samples containing more complex anthocyanins acylated with cinnamic acid derivatives (typical for vegetables), even though this order was slightly reversed when ORAC assay values were expressed on a molar basis. Concordantly, PASs containing non-acylated anthocyanins reduced the expression of endothelial inflammatory antigens more than samples with aromatic acylated anthocyanins, suggesting the potential beneficial effect of structurally diverse anthocyanins in cardiovascular protection.
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de Sousa Moraes LF, Sun X, Peluzio MDCG, Zhu MJ. Anthocyanins/anthocyanidins and colorectal cancer: What is behind the scenes? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:59-71. [PMID: 28799785 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1357533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cause of cancer death. Phytochemicals, especially anthocyanins/anthocyanidins (A/A), have gathered attention of the scientific community owing to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cancer-inhibitory properties. In this review, we discussed the possible mechanisms whereby A/A exhibit intestinal anticarcinogenic characteristics. Anthocyanins/anthocyanidins inhibit the pro-inflammatory NF-κB pathway, attenuate Wnt signaling and suppress abnormal epithelial cell proliferation. In addition, A/A induce mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and downregulate Akt/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway. Furthermore, activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) also contributes to the anti-carcinogenic effects of A/A. Finally, downregulation of metalloproteinases (MMPs) by A/A inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis. In conclusion, A/A exert their anti-tumor effects against colorectal carcinogenesis via multiple mechanisms, providing insights into the use of A/A as a natural chemopreventive intervention on major colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Fernando de Sousa Moraes
- a School of Food Science , Washington State University , Pullman , WA , USA.,b Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa - Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- a School of Food Science , Washington State University , Pullman , WA , USA
| | | | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- a School of Food Science , Washington State University , Pullman , WA , USA
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63
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Nagaoka SI, Bandoh Y, Nagashima U, Ohara K. Correlation among Singlet-Oxygen Quenching, Free-Radical Scavenging, and Excited-State Intramolecular-Proton-Transfer Activities in Hydroxyflavones, Anthocyanidins, and 1-Hydroxyanthraquinones. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:8069-8079. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b07869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichi Nagaoka
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Science and
Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yuki Bandoh
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Science and
Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Umpei Nagashima
- Foundation for Computational Science, 7-1-28 Minatojima-minami-machi,
Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Keishi Ohara
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Science and
Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
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64
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Chen BY, Hsu AW, Wu CC, Hsueh CC. Feasibility study on biostimulation of dye decolorization and bioelectricity generation by using decolorized metabolites of edible flora-extracts. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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65
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Energetic and electronic computation of the two-hydrogen atom donation process in catecholic and non-catecholic anthocyanidins. Food Chem 2017; 243:145-150. [PMID: 29146321 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.09.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant activity of anthocyanidins is greatly affected by the 3-hydroxyl group and/or a catecholic moiety. The two-hydrogen atom donation process is frequently used to explain the high antioxidant activity of polyphenolic compounds leading to the formation of stable diketones e.g. 1,2-quinones. Thermodynamic parameters, HOMO and spin density were computed to identify the favoured path, either through the 3-hydroxyl group or through the catecholic moiety in a series of catecholic and non-catecholic 3-oxy- (and deoxy)-anthocyanidins. DFT calculations showed that the donation process in non-catecholic anthocyanidins depended on the substituents on ring B. Anthocyanidins with 3',5'-diOMe groups showed donation through 3,4'-OH or, otherwise, through 3,5-OH groups. Catecholic 3-oxyanthocyanidins, on the other hand, showed donation through the 3,4'-OH path rather than the catecholic path (4',3'-path). The 3,4'-path was favoured by the formation of planar 3-radicals in the first step and the stabilization of 4'-radicals in the second step by H-bonding with the 3'-OH group.
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66
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A DFT and QSAR study of the role of hydroxyl group, charge and unpaired-electron distribution in anthocyanidin radical stabilization and antioxidant activity. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1964-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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67
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Chen T, Hu S, Zhang H, Guan Q, Yang Y, Wang X. Anti-inflammatory effects of Dioscorea alata L. anthocyanins in a TNBS-induced colitis model. Food Funct 2017; 8:659-669. [PMID: 28121001 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01273f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The purple yam, Dioscorea alata L., is an important source of starch, vitamins and polyphenols. Five different pigments from the purple tubers of this plant were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the anthocyanin fraction (DACN) was collected. The anti-inflammatory effects of DACNs were investigated at different concentrations and compared with the standard colitis treatment, 5-aminosalicylic acid, in a trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis mouse model. Macro- and microscopic parameters including body weight change, disease activity index (DAI) and intestinal histology were used for the determination of the anti-inflammatory effects of DACNs. The gene expression levels of tight junction-related proteins in the intestine, myeloperoxidase activity, inducible nitric oxide synthase activity in colonic tissues and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in serum were also measured to elucidate the mechanism of DACN action. Eighty micrograms of DACNs per kilogram of body weight produced potent anti-inflammatory effects in the mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as shown by the DAI (2.78 ± 0.38 vs. 0.44 ± 0.51). Therefore, DACNs may be applied as a potential food supplement in IBD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
| | - Shihui Hu
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
| | - Haiwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China. and Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qingfeng Guan
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
| | - Yuhui Yang
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China. and Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China
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68
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Carvalho AV, Ferreira Ferreira da Silveira T, Mattietto RDA, Padilha de Oliveira MDS, Godoy HT. Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of açaí (Euterpe oleracea) genotypes and commercial pulps. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:1467-1474. [PMID: 27384812 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Açaí has been reported to contain many bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition and antioxidant potential of pulps of three different açaí genotypes from the Active Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Eastern Amazon and three commercial açaí pulps from Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. RESULTS Anthocyanin 3-rutinoside was the major anthocyanin present in freeze-dried açaí pulp samples. The commercial sample C showed the greatest amounts of cyanidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside (18 942 and 34 397 µg g-1 respectively). The content of phenolic compounds varied significantly among the commercial and genotype samples, and vanillic acid was found in the highest concentration in the samples studied. All açaí samples showed high DPPH, ORAC and TEAC values, confirming the exceptionally high radical-scavenging capacity of açaí pulp previously reported by other researchers. CONCLUSION The commercial samples showed higher antioxidant capacity and higher levels of anthocyanins and non-anthocyanic compounds than those of the genotype samples. Among the genotypes studied, L4P16 stood out for its higher contents of fibre and bioactive compounds and higher antioxidant capacity, indicating that this genotype has great potential for use in plant breeding programs that should be further explored. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vânia Carvalho
- Embrapa Eastern Amazon Research Center, Food Processing Laboratory, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro s/n, CEP 66095-100, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Tayse Ferreira Ferreira da Silveira
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Monteiro Lobato Street, n. 80, CEP 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafaella de Andrade Mattietto
- Embrapa Eastern Amazon Research Center, Food Processing Laboratory, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro s/n, CEP 66095-100, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Helena Teixeira Godoy
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Monteiro Lobato Street, n. 80, CEP 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Kent K, Charlton KE, Netzel M, Fanning K. Food-based anthocyanin intake and cognitive outcomes in human intervention trials: a systematic review. J Hum Nutr Diet 2016; 30:260-274. [PMID: 27730693 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical evidence suggests that the anthocyanins, which comprise a subclass of dietary flavonoids providing the purple and red pigmentation in plant-based foods, may have a beneficial impact on cognitive outcomes. METHODS A systematic review was conducted to identify the published literature on food-based anthocyanin consumption and cognitive outcomes in human intervention trials. The literature search followed PRISMA guidelines and included six databases, as well as additional hand searching. RESULTS Seven studies were included in this review, comprising acute trials (n = 4) and longer-term (n = 3) interventions that assessed multiple cognitive outcomes in children, adults and older adults with cognitive impairment. Six of seven studies reported improvements in either a single, or multiple, cognitive outcomes, including verbal learning and memory, after anthocyanin-rich food consumption. As a result of methodological limitations and the large clinical and methodological diversity of the studies, the pooling of data for quantitative analysis was not feasible. CONCLUSIONS The impact of food-based anthocyanin consumption on both acute and long-term cognition appears promising. However, adequately powered studies that include sensitive cognitive tasks are needed to confirm these findings and allow the translation of research into dietary messages.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kent
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - K E Charlton
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - M Netzel
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - K Fanning
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland Government, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Strugała P, Dudra A, Gabrielska J. Interaction between Mimic Lipid Membranes and Acylated and Nonacylated Cyanidin and Its Bioactivity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:7414-7422. [PMID: 27624410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of acylated cyanidin-3-O-β-(6″-O-E-p-coumaroyl-sambubioside)-5-O-β-glucoside (C3-cs-5G) and nonacylated cyanidin, cyanidin-3,5-di-O-β-glucoside (C3,5G) and cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside (C3G), on cell-mimic membranes (MM) that reflected the membrane lipid composition of tumor cells. The relationship between structural derivatives of cyanidin (Cy-d), membrane interactivity, their antioxidant activity, and interaction with albumin were characterized. Studies showed that Cy-d caused an increase in packing order mainly in the hydrophilic region of the membranes. Cy-d have shown high antioxidant activity against liposome oxidation induced by AAPH and ability to bind to albumin through a static quenching mechanism. The results showed that glycosylation number and the presence of aromatic acid attached to sugars affected the membrane properties, according to the sequence C3-cs-5G > C3,5G > C3G. It can be stated that Cy-d in the process of interaction with MM caused a rigidifying effect, which is fundamental for understanding their anticancer and antioxidant activity and is one of the possible pharmaceutical mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Strugała
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences , C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Dudra
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences , C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Janina Gabrielska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences , C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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Kim DH, Kim M, Oh SB, Lee KM, Kim SM, Nho CW, Yoon WB, Kang K, Pan CH. The Protective Effect of Antioxidant Enriched Fractions from Colored Potatoes Against Hepatotoxic Oxidative Stress in Cultured Hepatocytes and Mice. J Food Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Da Hye Kim
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Gangneung 25451 Korea
| | - Myungsuk Kim
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Gangneung 25451 Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Gangneung 25451 Korea
| | - Sang-Bin Oh
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Gangneung 25451 Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Lee
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Gangneung 25451 Korea
| | - Sang Min Kim
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Gangneung 25451 Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Gangneung 25451 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Science and Technology (UST); Dajeon 34113 Korea
| | - Chu Won Nho
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Gangneung 25451 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Science and Technology (UST); Dajeon 34113 Korea
| | - Won Byong Yoon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon Korea
| | - Kyungsu Kang
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Gangneung 25451 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Science and Technology (UST); Dajeon 34113 Korea
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Gangneung 25451 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Science and Technology (UST); Dajeon 34113 Korea
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72
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Yeoh WK, Ali A. Ultrasound treatment on phenolic metabolism and antioxidant capacity of fresh-cut pineapple during cold storage. Food Chem 2016; 216:247-53. [PMID: 27596416 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound treatment at different power output (0, 25 and 29W) and exposure time (10 and 15min) was used to investigate its effect on the phenolic metabolism enzymes, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of fresh-cut pineapple. Following ultrasound treatment at 25 and 29W, the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) was increased significantly (P<0.05) by 2.0 and 1.9-fold, when compared to control. Meanwhile, both the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and polyphenol peroxidase (POD) in fresh-cut pineapple was significantly (P<0.05) lower than control upon subjected to ultrasound treatment. In the present study, induction of PAL was found to significantly (P<0.001) correlate with higher total phenolic content and thus higher antioxidant capacity in fresh-cut pineapple. Results suggest that hormetic dosage of ultrasound treatment can enhance the activity of PAL and total phenolic content and hence the total antioxidant capacity to encounter with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Keat Yeoh
- Centre of Excellence for Postharvest Biotechnology (CEPB), School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Asgar Ali
- Centre of Excellence for Postharvest Biotechnology (CEPB), School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Mäkilä L, Laaksonen O, Alanne AL, Kortesniemi M, Kallio H, Yang B. Stability of Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives, Flavonol Glycosides, and Anthocyanins in Black Currant Juice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:4584-98. [PMID: 27147482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The stability of phenolic compounds was followed in black currant juice at ambient temperatures (in light and in dark conditions) and at +4 °C for a year. Analyses were based on high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (or tandem mass spectrometry) and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry methods supported by nuclear magnetic resonance after selective high-performance liquid chromatography isolation. Altogether, 43 metabolites were identified, of which 2-(Z)-p-coumaroyloxymethylene-4-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-2-(Z)-butenenitrile, 2-(E)-caffeoyloxymethylene-4-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-2-(Z)-butenenitrile, 1-O-(Z)-p-coumaroyl-β-d-glucopyranose, (Z)-p-coumaric acid 4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and (Z)-p-coumaric acid were novel findings in black currant juice. Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives degraded 20-40% at room temperature during one year of storage, releasing free hydroxycinnamic acids. O-Glucosides of hydroxycinnamic acid compounds were the most stable, followed by O-acylquinic acids, acyloxymethyleneglucosyloxybutenenitriles, and O-acylglucoses. Light induced the isomerization of (E)-coumaric acid compounds into corresponding Z-isomers. Flavonol glycosides stayed fairly stable. Flavonol aglycones were derived mainly from malonylglucosides. Over 90% of anthocyanins were lost at room temperature in a year, practically independent of light. Storage at low temperatures, preferably excluding light, is necessary to retain the original composition of phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Heikki Kallio
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University , 510632 Guangzhou, China
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Klein E, Rimarčík J, Senajová E, Vagánek A, Lengyel J. Deprotonation of flavonoids severely alters the thermodynamics of the hydrogen atom transfer. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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75
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Wang Y, Li B, Ma Y, Wang X, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Meng X. Lonicera caerulea berry extract attenuates lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in BRL-3A cells: Oxidative stress, energy metabolism, hepatic function. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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76
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León-Carmona JR, Galano A, Alvarez-Idaboy JR. Deprotonation routes of anthocyanidins in aqueous solution, pKavalues, and speciation under physiological conditions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra10818k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The most likely deprotonation route of 12 anthocyanidins was elucidated, their pKas are calculated and used to estimate the populations of the different species depending on the pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Rafael León-Carmona
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México DF 04510
- Mexico
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa
- México D. F
- Mexico
| | - Juan Raúl Alvarez-Idaboy
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México DF 04510
- Mexico
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