51
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Bassey EJ, Cheng JH, Sun DW. Novel nonthermal and thermal pretreatments for enhancing drying performance and improving quality of fruits and vegetables. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tavakoli R, Karami M, Bahramian S, Emamifar A. Production of Low-fat mayonnaise without preservatives: Using the ultrasonic process and investigating of microbial and physicochemical properties of the resultant product. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:2676-2685. [PMID: 34026081 PMCID: PMC8116832 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, ultrasonication was used at 20 kHz, 750 W for 5 min, as a nonthermal alternative to pasteurization and as a substitute for benzoate-sorbate preservatives. Also, its efficiency on microbial and physicochemical properties of low-fat mayonnaise stored at 4°C was investigated. The results showed the reduction of total counts of micro-organisms, acid-tolerant bacteria, molds, and yeasts during six months shelf life compared with the control samples. Sonicated mayonnaise samples had lower pH values and higher acidity in comparison with control samples during the storage. The speculation was verified through the microstructure of mayonnaise samples during storage time observed by SEM micrographs. The overall results indicated that it was possible to produce sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate-free mayonnaise using the ultrasonic nonthermal method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojin Tavakoli
- Department of Food Science and TechnologySanandaj BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySanandajIran
| | - Mostafa Karami
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyBu‐Ali Sina UniversityHamedanIran
| | - Samira Bahramian
- Department of Food Science and TechnologySanandaj BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySanandajIran
| | - Ario Emamifar
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyBu‐Ali Sina UniversityHamedanIran
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53
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Singla M, Sit N. Application of ultrasound in combination with other technologies in food processing: A review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 73:105506. [PMID: 33714087 PMCID: PMC7960546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of non-thermal processing technologies has been on the surge due to ever increasing demand for highest quality convenient foods containing the natural taste & flavor and being free of chemical additives and preservatives. Among the various non-thermal processing methods, ultrasound technology has proven to be very valuable. Ultrasound processing, being used alone or in combination with other processing methods, yields significant positive results on the quality of foods, thus has been considered efficacious. Food processes performed under the action of ultrasound are believed to be affected in part by cavitation phenomenon and mass transfer enhancement. It is considered to be an emerging and promising technology and has been applied efficiently in food processing industry for several processes such as freezing, filtration, drying, separation, emulsion, sterilization, and extraction. Various researches have opined that ultrasound leads to an increase in the performance of the process and improves the quality factors of the food. The present paper will discuss the mechanical, chemical and biochemical effects produced by the propagation of high intensity ultrasonic waves through the medium. This review outlines the current knowledge about application of ultrasound in food technology including processing, preservation and extraction. In addition, the several advantages of ultrasound processing, which when combined with other different technologies (such as microwave, supercritical CO2, high pressure processing, enzymatic extraction, etc.) are being examined. These include an array of effects such as effective mixing, retention of food characteristics, faster energy and mass transfer, reduced thermal and concentration gradients, effective extraction, increased production, and efficient alternative to conventional techniques. Furthermore, the paper presents the necessary theoretical background and details of the technology, technique, and safety precautions about ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Singla
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India
| | - Nandan Sit
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India.
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Shi L, Yin T, Huang Q, You J, Hu Y, Jia D, Xiong S. Effects of filleting methods on composition, gelling properties and aroma profile of grass carp surimi. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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55
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Zhang L, Qiao Y, Wang C, Liao L, Shi D, An K, Hu J. Impact of ultrasound combined with ultrahigh pressure pretreatments on color, moisture characteristic, tissue structure, and sensory quality of freeze‐dried strawberry slices. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhang
- Institute for Farm Products Processing and Nuclear‐Agricultural Technology Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science Wuhan PR China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation Hubei University of Technology Wuhan PR China
| | - Yu Qiao
- Institute for Farm Products Processing and Nuclear‐Agricultural Technology Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science Wuhan PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation Hubei University of Technology Wuhan PR China
| | - Li Liao
- Institute for Farm Products Processing and Nuclear‐Agricultural Technology Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science Wuhan PR China
| | - Defang Shi
- Institute for Farm Products Processing and Nuclear‐Agricultural Technology Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science Wuhan PR China
| | - Kejing An
- Sericulture and Agri‐Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing Guangzhou PR China
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation Hubei University of Technology Wuhan PR China
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56
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Effect of Pretreatment with Low-Frequency Ultrasound on Quality Parameters in Gulupa (Passiflora edulis Sims) Pulp. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Gulupa (Passiflora edulis f. edulis Sims) is an expression of South America’s tropics’ biodiversity, and a source of B vitamins and amino acids. It is a climacteric export fruit for which it is necessary to incorporate emerging technologies for its conservation and transport. This work investigated the effect of ultrasound on gulupa pulp and verified the stability of the characters of interest in the shelf life of 20 days. Six treatments and a control sample were used, evaluated in triplicate, and varied in frequency (30 and 40 kHz) with an exposure time of 10, 20, and 30 min. A statistical analysis of unidirectional variances and Dunnett’s test was used. It was found that the ultrasound treatments did not affect the pH or the titratable acidity. Soluble solid results presented a significant increase (p < 0.05) (from 13.4 to 14.8% w/v) in the antioxidant capacity (from 1.13 to 1.54 µmol Trolox Equivalent (TE)/g by the ABTS•+ (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) Cationic Radical Assay and from 3.3 to 3.7 µmol TE/g by the DPPH· (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhydrazil) Radical Scavenging Assay). During the shelf life, ascorbic acid was the parameter that varied most (p < 0.05). It decreased from 42.7 to 21.6 mg ascorbic acid/100 g of pulp in the control sample. However, a smaller decrease was observed (23.8–24.5 mg ascorbic acid/100 g of pulp) in the 40 kHz treatments. The smallest global color difference (ΔE) for the control was found in the 40 kHz treatment at 30 min through the entire shelf life (day 0 to 20). Ultrasound treatment offers a new strategy to improve and extend the shelf life of chilled gulupa pulp.
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Abstract
Freeze-drying technology is an interdisciplinary and complex technology, combined with freezing and vacuum drying, It has become an important technology for heat-sensitive drugs and food preservation. Freeze-dried foods are classified into meat, vegetables, fruits, fungus, and micro-powders, etc. In this paper, the definition, principle, steps, advantages and disadvantages of freeze-drying are summarized, and the research progress of freeze-drying in food industry in recent years is reviewed, including the technological parameters and influencing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Liandong Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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58
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Yan H, Cui Z, Manoli T, Zhang H. Recent advances in non-thermal disinfection technologies in the food industry. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.27.695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Yan
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology
| | - ZhenKun Cui
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Tatiana Manoli
- Faculty of Technology and Commodity Science of Food Products and Food Business, Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology
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Abstract
Drying is among the most important processes and the most energy-consuming techniques in the food industry. Dried food has many applications and extended shelf life. Unlike the majority of conventional drying methods, lyophilization, also known as freeze-drying (FD), involves freezing the food, usually under low pressure, and removing water by ice sublimation. Freeze-dried materials are especially recommended for the production of spices, coffee, dried snacks from fruits and vegetables and food for military or space shuttles, as well as for the preparation of food powders and microencapsulation of food ingredients. Although the FD process allows obtaining dried products of the highest quality, it is very energy- and time consuming. Thus, different methods of pretreatment are used for not only accelerating the drying process but also retaining the physical properties and bioactive compounds in the lyophilized food. This article reviews the influence of various pretreatment methods such as size reduction, blanching, osmotic dehydration and application of pulsed electric field, high hydrostatic pressure or ultrasound on the physicochemical properties of freeze-dried food and drying rate.
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60
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Ding A, Zhu M, Qian X, Shi L, Huang H, Xiong G, Wang J, Wang L. Effect of fatty acids on the flavor formation of fish sauce. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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61
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Semenov GV, Krasnova IS, Khvylia SI, Balabolin DN. Freezing and freeze-drying of strawberries with an additional effect of micro-vibrations. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 58:3192-3198. [PMID: 34294981 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04822-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Our research focuses on the formation of ice crystals and evaluating the structure of preserved frozen and freeze-dried strawberries. Strawberries were frozen in two ways. One-half of strawberries were frozen at - 30 °C under conditions of convective heat exchange. The other half of strawberries were frozen under the same conditions with an additional effect on the strawberries of micro-vibrations created in the air of the freezer according to a specific program. A digital frequency synthesizer that generates 250 W/m3 electromagnetic field rectangular pulse packets in the frequency bands of 2500-5000 kHz creates micro-vibrations. The microstructure of strawberries, the number of cells that have retained their structure and firmness were determined in frozen strawberries. The strawberries retained 25-30% of the cell structure of their total number during traditional freezing, and 65-70% of the cell structure when frozen under micro-vibration. The data of the penetration and shear stress showed that the strawberries frozen under micro-vibration conditions were 10-15% stronger. Then researched strawberries were vacuum freeze-dried. The primary drying temperature was 30 + 1 °C below zero and at the secondary drying the temperature was 38-40 °C. The microstructure and firmness of strawberries were researched in dried samples also. Freeze-dried strawberries frozen under micro-vibration had small and evenly distributed capillaries and their firmness was 8-10% higher than freeze-dried strawberries frozen by the traditional method. Thus, freezing strawberries with the additional effect of micro-vibration have a positive effect on the firmness of both frozen strawberries and freeze-dried strawberries.
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Affiliation(s)
- G V Semenov
- Moscow State University of Food Production, Talalikhina Street, 33, Moscow, Russia 109316
| | - I S Krasnova
- Moscow State University of Food Production, Talalikhina Street, 33, Moscow, Russia 109316
| | - S I Khvylia
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Refrigeration Industry - Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Industry RAS, Kostyakova Street, 12, Moscow, Russia 127422
| | - D N Balabolin
- Acoustic Freezing Ltd, Talalikhina Street, 31, Moscow, Russia 109316
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62
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Feng L, Xu Y, Xiao Y, Song J, Li D, Zhang Z, Liu C, Liu C, Jiang N, Zhang M, Zhou C. Effects of pre-drying treatments combined with explosion puffing drying on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activities and flavor characteristics of apples. Food Chem 2020; 338:128015. [PMID: 32932085 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to study the effect of hot air drying, microwave vacuum drying and freeze drying combined with explosion puffing drying (HDEPD, MDEPD and FDEPD) on physicochemical properties, antioxidant activities and flavor characteristics of apples. The results showed that MDEPD and FDEPD products had better color and textural properties, exhibited a homogeneous porous structure. MDEPD and FDEPD better preserved scavenging abilities of DPPH, hydroxyl radical and FRAP, retained values of TFC and TPC. Aroma characteristics and taste properties of apples obviously changed with different drying methods, and drying qualities of products could be classified in terms of volatile compounds and taste profiles. Two principal components were able to describe 90.12% and 69.43% of the total volatile compound variance and total taste profile variance, respectively. Three main clusters of dried apples were identified, MDEPD and FDEPD can be used to enhance drying qualities of apple products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Feng
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yayuan Xu
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yadong Xiao
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangfeng Song
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Dajing Li
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunquan Liu
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunju Liu
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Cunshan Zhou
- Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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63
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Xu Y, Yu Y, Liu M, Li P, Guo J. Synthesis and working mechanism of fluid loss additive by freeze-drying method. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1744010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjin Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengpeng Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jintang Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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64
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Wu XF, Zhang M, Ye Y, Yu D. Influence of ultrasonic pretreatments on drying kinetics and quality attributes of sweet potato slices in infrared freeze drying (IRFD). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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65
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Nanocomplexes derived from chitosan and whey protein isolate enhance the thermal stability and slow the release of anthocyanins in simulated digestion and prepared instant coffee. Food Chem 2020; 336:127707. [PMID: 32763737 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins (ACNs) are naturally derived colorants and antioxidants added to manufactured foods. ACNs were encapsulated in nanocomplexes with chitosan hydrochloride (CHC), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and whey protein isolate (WPI). The ACN-loaded CHC/CMC-WPI nanocomplexes (ACN-CHC/CMC-WPI) showed a preferred particle size (332.20 nm) and zeta potential (+23.65 mV) and a high encapsulation efficiency (60.70%). ACN-CHC/CMC-WPI nanocomplexes exhibited a smooth spherical shape by transmission electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed interactions between the ACNs and the encapsulation materials (CHC/CMC-WPI). The nanocomplexes or the nanocomplexes incorporated into coffee beverage better protected ACNs at high temperature compared to the unencapsulated ACNs. In simulated gastrointestinal fluids, the ACNs in the ACN-CHC/CMC-WPI were more stable and more slower released over time. The nanocomplexes maintained high DPPH and hydroxyl free radical scavenging activities. This study indicated that CHC/CMC-WPI nanocomplexes can improve the thermal stability and slow the release of ACNs added to food products.
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66
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Influence of microwave hot-air flow rolling dry-blanching on microstructure, water migration and quality of pleurotus eryngii during hot-air drying. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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67
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Osae R, Essilfie G, Alolga RN, Akaba S, Song X, Owusu-Ansah P, Zhou C. Application of non-thermal pretreatment techniques on agricultural products prior to drying: a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2585-2599. [PMID: 31975406 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most agricultural crops contain high moisture content (80-95% wet basis (wb)) which makes them very susceptible to microbial damage leading to shorter shelf-life and high postharvest losses. The high perishability of these agricultural products requires preservation techniques to prolong their shelf-lives. Drying remains an important component of processing in this regard. Therefore, any pretreatment methods for drying agricultural product that decreases the moisture content and minimizes drying time by conserving the quality of the crop product is of prime significance. This article is a comprehensive review of recent developments of non-thermal pretreatment (NTP) methods. A summary of their significance, emerging and innovative methods of this technology together with its applications and limitations are discussed. This article further examines the environmental impact of NTP techniques. RESULTS NTP techniques, such as high pressure, ultrasound, pulsed electric field and osmotic dehydration methods are essential operations for pre-dehydration of agricultural products prior to drying. These techniques can avoid the deleterious effects of heat on nutritive value, colour and flavour of agricultural products compared to thermal pretreatments. They also enhance the inactivation of the enzymes, improve energy efficiency and mass transfer, reduce processing time, preserve bioactive compounds, improve drying kinetics and drying rate, minimize enzymatic browning, and enhance product quality. CONCLUSION These findings will provide a better understanding of different NTP methods and also make available more information for selecting pretreatment techniques for drying of agricultural products. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Osae
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang P. R., China
- Technology Integration Base for Vegetable Dehydration Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang P. R., China
| | - Gloria Essilfie
- College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Crop Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Raphael N Alolga
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing P. R., China
| | - Selorm Akaba
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, School of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Xiaoqian Song
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang P. R., China
| | - Patrick Owusu-Ansah
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang P. R., China
| | - Cunshan Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang P. R., China
- Technology Integration Base for Vegetable Dehydration Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang P. R., China
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68
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Sun Y, Zhang Y, Xu W, Zheng X. Analysis of the Anthocyanin Degradation in Blue Honeysuckle Berry under Microwave Assisted Foam-Mat Drying. Foods 2020; 9:foods9040397. [PMID: 32244338 PMCID: PMC7231185 DOI: 10.3390/foods9040397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in nutrient content and bioactivity are important indicators to evaluate the quality of products. Berries are rich in antioxidant anthocyanins, which are prone to degradation during drying. The effects of different variables on the stability of anthocyanins in berry puree during microwave assisted foam-mat drying (MFD) was investigated by path analysis and degradation kinetics analysis. The experimental results showed that the degradation of anthocyanins mainly occurred in the last drying stage. The temperature and the moisture content have both direct and indirect effects on the anthocyanin stability. The direct path coefficient of the moisture content on anthocyanins was 0.985, and the direct path coefficient of temperature on anthocyanins was −0.933. The moisture content to temperature ratio (M/T) was first put forward to estimate the anthocyanin degradation. The results of the regression analysis confirmed that the anthocyanins were stable at M/T of 0.96–3.60. A finite element simulation model was established to predict the anthocyanin degradation rate and content. These research results could provide a theoretical reference for use in optimizing the MFD processing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University, Harbin 150086, China; (Y.S.); (W.X.)
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University, Harbin 150086, China; (Y.S.); (W.X.)
| | - Xianzhe Zheng
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-3641-8139
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