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Butterfield DA, Boyd-Kimball D. Redox proteomics and amyloid β-peptide: insights into Alzheimer disease. J Neurochem 2019; 151:459-487. [PMID: 30216447 PMCID: PMC6417976 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with aging and characterized pathologically by the presence of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neurite and synapse loss. Amyloid beta-peptide (1-42) [Aβ(1-42)], a major component of senile plaques, is neurotoxic and induces oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. Redox proteomics has been used to identify proteins oxidatively modified by Aβ(1-42) in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we discuss these proteins in the context of those identified to be oxidatively modified in animal models of AD, and human studies including familial AD, pre-clinical AD (PCAD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), early AD, late AD, Down syndrome (DS), and DS with AD (DS/AD). These redox proteomics studies indicate that Aβ(1-42)-mediated oxidative stress occurs early in AD pathogenesis and results in altered antioxidant and cellular detoxification defenses, decreased energy yielding metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, loss of synaptic plasticity and cell structure, neuroinflammation, impaired protein folding and degradation, and altered signal transduction. Improved access to biomarker imaging and the identification of lifestyle interventions or treatments to reduce Aβ production could be beneficial in preventing or delaying the progression of AD. This article is part of the special issue "Proteomics".
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506
| | - Debra Boyd-Kimball
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, OH 44601
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52
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Guo X, Lu D, Zhang D, Deng J, Zhang X, Wang Z, Xiao L, Zhao Y. Curved corannulene dually targets mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, and initiates apoptosis via localized ROS induction upon light triggering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 106:110227. [PMID: 31753352 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Organelle-targeting agents are promising in both fundamental and applied biomedicine research, but such materials are very limited. As a curved 2D carbon material, corannulene (Cor) displays an uneven intramolecular electron distribution, producing a large dipole moment that can favor the electrostatic interaction. Based on the large negative mitochondrial membrane potential and the presence of a connection structure between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), we hypothesized that Cor could simultaneously target both mitochondria and ER. Such hypothesis was well validated by using the fluorescence tag-labelled Cor. The co-localization analysis in a model cell line (PC3) revealed a preferred accumulation of Cor in both organelles, as evidenced by a large Pearson correlation coefficient. The large dipole also empowered Cor the ability of controlled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light irradiation. This feature plus mitochondria targeting of Cor induced depletion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and caspase 9/3 activation. The triggered ROS generation in ER caused the calcium dumping in the cytosol, as revealed by a calcium-specific fluorescence probe. A significant degree of apoptosis was induced by Cor as a result of the interplay of dual mitochondria/ER targeting and triggered organelle-specific ROS delivery. This study demonstrated the subcellular targeting ability of Cor for potential ROS-based therapy, and implied that the dipole could be a valuable parameter for efficient design and tailored screening of organelle-targeting materials for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuliang Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Di Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jian Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Lehui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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53
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Veeresh P, Kaur H, Sarmah D, Mounica L, Verma G, Kotian V, Kesharwani R, Kalia K, Borah A, Wang X, Dave KR, Rodriguez AM, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P. Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria crosstalk: from junction to function across neurological disorders. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1457:41-60. [PMID: 31460675 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are fundamental organelles highly interconnected with a specialized set of proteins in cells. ER-mitochondrial interconnections form specific microdomains, called mitochondria-associated ER membranes, that have been found to play important roles in calcium signaling and lipid homeostasis, and more recently in mitochondrial dynamics, inflammation, and autophagy. It is not surprising that perturbations in ER-mitochondria connections can result in the progression of disease, especially neurological disorders; hence, their architecture and regulation are crucial in determining the fate of cells and disease. The molecular identity of the specialized proteins regulating ER-mitochondrial crosstalk remains unclear. Our discussion here describes the physical and functional crosstalk between these two dynamic organelles and emphasizes the outcome of altered ER-mitochondrial interconnections in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabbala Veeresh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.,Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), INSERM U955, Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, UPEC, Cretéil, France
| | - Leela Mounica
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Geetesh Verma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vignesh Kotian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Radhika Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kunjan R Dave
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Anne-Marie Rodriguez
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), INSERM U955, Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, UPEC, Cretéil, France
| | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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54
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Khan N, Haughey NJ, Nath A, Geiger JD. Involvement of organelles and inter-organellar signaling in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorder and Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res 2019; 1722:146389. [PMID: 31425679 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endolysosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and plasma membranes are now known to physically and functionally interact with each other. Such findings of inter-organellar signaling and communication has led to a resurgent interest in cell biology and an increased appreciation for the physiological actions and pathological consequences of the dynamic physical and chemical communications occurring between intracellular organelles. Others and we have shown that HIV-1 proteins implicated in the pathogenesis of neuroHIV and that Alzheimer's disease both affects the structure and function of intracellular organelles. Intracellular organelles are highly mobile, and their intracellular distribution almost certainly affects their ability to interact with other organelles and to regulate such important physiological functions as endolysosome acidification, cell motility, and nutrient homeostasis. Indeed, compounds that acidify endolysosomes cause endolysosomes to exhibit a mainly perinuclear pattern while compounds that de-acidify endolysosomes cause these organelles to exhibit a larger profile as well as movement towards plasma membranes. Endolysosome pH might be an early event in the pathogenesis of neuroHIV and Alzheimer's disease and in terms of organellar biology endolysosome changes might be upstream of HIV-1 protein-induced changes to other organelles. Thus, inter-organellar signaling mechanisms might be involved in the pathogenesis of neuroHIV and other neurological disorders, and a better understanding of inter-organellar signaling might lead to improved therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabab Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, United States
| | - Norman J Haughey
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Avindra Nath
- National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jonathan D Geiger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, United States.
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55
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Glatzel M, Sepulveda-Falla D. Losing sleep over mitochondria: a new player in the pathophysiology of fatal familial insomnia. Brain Pathol 2019; 27:107-108. [PMID: 27350067 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This commentary highlights the study by Frau-Mendez and coworkers in this issue of Brain Pathology (xxx) in which the authors show evidence for involvement of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of fatal familial insomnia (FFI). Using genetic, biochemical and morphological means, they provide a comprehensive picture of the degree of mitochondrial damage in FFI and show that this leads to increased oxidative stress. This adds FFI to the growing list of dementias with mitochondrial involvement. Future studies will have to address the causality dilemma of which came first, mitochondrial damage and subsequent neurodegeneration or vice versa. Either way, these data provide the basis to devise novel therapeutic strategies for FFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, D-20246, Germany
| | - Diego Sepulveda-Falla
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, D-20246, Germany
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56
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Wang X, Zheng W. Ca 2+ homeostasis dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease: a focus on plasma membrane and cell organelles. FASEB J 2019; 33:6697-6712. [PMID: 30848934 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801751r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that Ca2+ is a vital factor in modulating the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In healthy neurons, Ca2+ concentration is balanced to maintain a lower level in the cytosol than in the extracellular space or certain intracellular compartments such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the lysosome, whereas this homeostasis is broken in AD. On the plasma membrane, the AD hallmarks amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau interact with ligand-gated or voltage-gated Ca2+-influx channels and inhibit the Ca2+-efflux ATPase or exchangers, leading to an elevated intracellular Ca2+ level and disrupted Ca2+ signal. In the ER, the disabled presenilin "Ca2+ leak" function and the direct implications of Aβ and presenilin mutants contribute to Ca2+-signal disorder. The enhanced ryanodine receptor (RyR)-mediated and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-mediated Ca2+ release from the ER aggravates cytosolic Ca2+ disorder and triggers apoptosis; the down-regulated ER Ca2+ sensor, stromal interaction molecule (STIM), alleviates store-operated Ca2+ entry in plasma membrane, leading to spine loss. The increased transfer of Ca2+ from ER to mitochondria through mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) causes Ca2+ overload in the mitochondrial matrix and consequently opens the cellular damage-related channel, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). In this review, we discuss the effects of Aβ, tau and presenilin on neuronal Ca2+ signal, focusing on the receptors and regulators in plasma membrane and ER; we briefly introduce the involvement of MAM-mediated Ca2+ transfer and mPTP opening in AD pathogenesis.-Wang, X., Zheng, W. Ca2+ homeostasis dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease: a focus on plasma membrane and cell organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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57
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Klec C, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Stryeck S, Sachdev V, Duta-Mare M, Gottschalk B, Depaoli MR, Rost R, Hay J, Waldeck-Weiermair M, Kratky D, Madl T, Malli R, Graier WF. Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta Controls Presenilin-1-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca²⁺ Leak Directed to Mitochondria in Pancreatic Islets and β-Cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2019; 52:57-75. [PMID: 30790505 PMCID: PMC6459368 DOI: 10.33594/000000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims In pancreatic β-cells, the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis is an essential regulator of the cells’ major functions. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as interactive intracellular Ca2+ store balances cellular Ca2+. In this study basal ER Ca2+ homeostasis was evaluated in order to reveal potential β-cell-specificity of ER Ca2+ handling and its consequences for mitochondrial Ca2+, ATP and respiration. Methods The two pancreatic cell lines INS-1 and MIN-6, freshly isolated pancreatic islets, and the two non-pancreatic cell lines HeLA and EA.hy926 were used. Cytosolic, ER and mitochondrial Ca2+ and ATP measurements were performed using single cell fluorescence microscopy and respective (genetically-encoded) sensors/dyes. Mitochondrial respiration was monitored by respirometry. GSK3β activity was measured with ELISA. Results An atypical ER Ca2+ leak was observed exclusively in pancreatic islets and β-cells. This continuous ER Ca2+ efflux is directed to mitochondria and increases basal respiration and organellar ATP levels, is established by GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation of presenilin-1, and is prevented by either knockdown of presenilin-1 or an inhibition/knockdown of GSK3β. Expression of a presenlin-1 mutant that mimics GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation established a β-cell-like ER Ca2+ leak in HeLa and EA.hy926 cells. The ER Ca2+ loss in β-cells was compensated at steady state by Ca2+ entry that is linked to the activity of TRPC3. Conclusion Pancreatic β-cells establish a cell-specific ER Ca2+ leak that is under the control of GSK3β and directed to mitochondria, thus, reflecting a cell-specific intracellular Ca2+ handling for basal mitochondrial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Klec
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Corina T Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sarah Stryeck
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vinay Sachdev
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Madalina Duta-Mare
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Benjamin Gottschalk
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Maria R Depaoli
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rene Rost
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jesse Hay
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,University of Montana, Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Structural & Functional Neuroscience, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Markus Waldeck-Weiermair
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Malli
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed, Graz, Austria.,Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cellular Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,
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58
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Fruhmann G, Marchal C, Vignaud H, Verduyckt M, Talarek N, De Virgilio C, Winderickx J, Cullin C. The Impact of ESCRT on Aβ 1-42 Induced Membrane Lesions in a Yeast Model for Alzheimer's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:406. [PMID: 30455629 PMCID: PMC6230623 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aβ metabolism plays a pivotal role in Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we used a yeast model to monitor Aβ42 toxicity when entering the secretory pathway and demonstrate that processing in, and exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is required to unleash the full Aβ42 toxic potential. Consistent with previously reported data, our data suggests that Aβ42 interacts with mitochondria, thereby enhancing formation of reactive oxygen species and eventually leading to cell demise. We used our model to search for genes that modulate this deleterious effect, either by reducing or enhancing Aβ42 toxicity, based on screening of the yeast knockout collection. This revealed a reduced Aβ42 toxicity not only in strains hampered in ER-Golgi traffic and mitochondrial functioning but also in strains lacking genes connected to the cell cycle and the DNA replication stress response. On the other hand, increased Aβ42 toxicity was observed in strains affected in the actin cytoskeleton organization, endocytosis and the formation of multivesicular bodies, including key factors of the ESCRT machinery. Since the latter was shown to be required for the repair of membrane lesions in mammalian systems, we studied this aspect in more detail in our yeast model. Our data demonstrated that Aβ42 heavily disturbed the plasma membrane integrity in a strain lacking the ESCRT-III accessory factor Bro1, a phenotype that came along with a severe growth defect and enhanced loading of lipid droplets. Thus, it appears that also in yeast ESCRT is required for membrane repair, thereby counteracting one of the deleterious effects induced by the expression of Aβ42. Combined, our studies once more validated the use of yeast as a model to investigate fundamental mechanisms underlying the etiology of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christelle Marchal
- Institut de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nano-objets, University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Hélène Vignaud
- Institut de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nano-objets, University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | | | - Nicolas Talarek
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Christophe Cullin
- Institut de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nano-objets, University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5248, Pessac, France
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59
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Angebault C, Fauconnier J, Patergnani S, Rieusset J, Danese A, Affortit CA, Jagodzinska J, Mégy C, Quiles M, Cazevieille C, Korchagina J, Bonnet-Wersinger D, Milea D, Hamel C, Pinton P, Thiry M, Lacampagne A, Delprat B, Delettre C. ER-mitochondria cross-talk is regulated by the Ca 2+ sensor NCS1 and is impaired in Wolfram syndrome. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/553/eaaq1380. [PMID: 30352948 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaq1380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Communication between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria plays a pivotal role in Ca2+ signaling, energy metabolism, and cell survival. Dysfunction in this cross-talk leads to metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Wolfram syndrome is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the ER-resident protein WFS1. Here, we showed that WFS1 formed a complex with neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) to promote Ca2+ transfer between the ER and mitochondria. In addition, we found that NCS1 abundance was reduced in WFS1-null patient fibroblasts, which showed reduced ER-mitochondria interactions and Ca2+ exchange. Moreover, in WFS1-deficient cells, NCS1 overexpression not only restored ER-mitochondria interactions and Ca2+ transfer but also rescued mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results describe a key role of NCS1 in ER-mitochondria cross-talk, uncover a pathogenic mechanism for Wolfram syndrome, and potentially reveal insights into the pathogenesis of other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Angebault
- Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France.,PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, CHRU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Jérémy Fauconnier
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, CHRU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Simone Patergnani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.,Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, 48033 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- INSERM U1060, UMR INRA 1397, CarMeN Laboratory, Lyon 1 University, F-69003 Lyon, France
| | - Alberto Danese
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Corentin A Affortit
- Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Jolanta Jagodzinska
- Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Mégy
- Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Mélanie Quiles
- Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Chantal Cazevieille
- Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Julia Korchagina
- Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Bonnet-Wersinger
- Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Dan Milea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Angers University Hospital, 43933 Angers, France.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christian Hamel
- Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France.,CHRU Montpellier, Centre of Reference for Genetic Sensory Diseases, CHU, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marc Thiry
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Liège, Bât. B36 (Tour 4) GIGA-Neurosciences, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège 1, Belgium
| | - Alain Lacampagne
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, CHRU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Benjamin Delprat
- Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France. .,MMDN, Univ. Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM U1198, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Cécile Delettre
- Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France.
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60
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Mustaly-Kalimi S, Littlefield AM, Stutzmann GE. Calcium Signaling Deficits in Glia and Autophagic Pathways Contributing to Neurodegenerative Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1158-1175. [PMID: 29634342 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Numerous cellular processes and signaling mechanisms have been identified that contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology; however, a comprehensive or unifying pathway that binds together the major disease features remains elusive. As an upstream mechanism, altered calcium (Ca2+) signaling is a common driving force for many pathophysiological events that emerge during normal aging and development of neurodegenerative disease. Recent Advances: Over the previous three decades, accumulated evidence has validated the concept that intracellular Ca2+ dysregulation is centrally involved in AD pathogenesis, including the aggregation of pathogenic β-amyloid (Aβ) and phospho-τ species, synapse loss and dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and neurotoxicity. CRITICAL ISSUES Although neuronal Ca2+ signaling within the cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been well studied, other critical central nervous system-resident cell types affected by aberrant Ca2+ signaling, such as astrocytes and microglia, have not been considered as thoroughly. In addition, certain intracellular Ca2+-harboring organelles have been well studied, such as the ER and mitochondria; however other critical Ca2+-regulated organelles, such as lysosomes and autophagosomes, have only more recently been investigated. In this review, we examine Ca2+ dysregulation in microglia and astrocytes, as well as key intracellular organelles important for cellular maintenance and protein handling. Ca2+ dysregulation within these non-neuronal cells and organelles is hypothesized to disrupt the effective clearance of misaggregated proteins and cellular signaling pathways needed for memory networks. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Overall, we aim to explore how these disrupted mechanisms could be involved in AD pathology and consider their role as potential therapeutic targets. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 1158-1175.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mustaly-Kalimi
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alyssa M Littlefield
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Grace E Stutzmann
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , North Chicago, Illinois
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Altered ER-mitochondria contact impacts mitochondria calcium homeostasis and contributes to neurodegeneration in vivo in disease models. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E8844-E8853. [PMID: 30185553 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721136115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is essential for neuronal function and survival. Altered Ca2+ homeostasis has been consistently observed in neurological diseases. How Ca2+ homeostasis is achieved in various cellular compartments of disease-relevant cell types is not well understood. Here we show in Drosophila Parkinson's disease (PD) models that Ca2+ transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to mitochondria through the ER-mitochondria contact site (ERMCS) critically regulates mitochondrial Ca2+ (mito-Ca2+) homeostasis in dopaminergic (DA) neurons, and that the PD-associated PINK1 protein modulates this process. In PINK1 mutant DA neurons, the ERMCS is strengthened and mito-Ca2+ level is elevated, resulting in mitochondrial enlargement and neuronal death. Miro, a well-characterized component of the mitochondrial trafficking machinery, mediates the effects of PINK1 on mito-Ca2+ and mitochondrial morphology, apparently in a transport-independent manner. Miro overexpression mimics PINK1 loss-of-function effect, whereas inhibition of Miro or components of the ERMCS, or pharmacological modulation of ERMCS function, rescued PINK1 mutant phenotypes. Mito-Ca2+ homeostasis is also altered in the LRRK2-G2019S model of PD and the PAR-1/MARK model of neurodegeneration, and genetic or pharmacological restoration of mito-Ca2+ level is beneficial in these models. Our results highlight the importance of mito-Ca2+ homeostasis maintained by Miro and the ERMCS to mitochondrial physiology and neuronal integrity. Targeting this mito-Ca2+ homeostasis pathway holds promise for a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases.
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62
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Xu ZH, Liu CH, Hang JB, Gao BL, Hu JA. Rituximab effectively reverses Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) resistance through inhibiting the accumulation of rictor on mitochondria-associated ER-membrane (MAM). Cancer Biomark 2018; 20:581-588. [PMID: 28946557 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), a novel group of target-specific anti lung cancer drugs, have recently been found to resistant to some NSCLC cells which have the T790M EGFR mutation. However, recent investigations on the therapies of resistance to EGFR-TKIs are very limited. Therefore, it is important to develop more effective therapies to reverse EGFR-TKIs resistance. In our present study, erlotinib was used as the TKIs drug and the effects of the erlotinib on cell growth were evaluated. Cell viability and concentration dependent studies were performed using HCI-H1975 and HCI-H1299 cells alone with erlotinib, respectively. Further combined with rituximab, the results showed that erlotinib and rituximab were significantly inhibited the cell growth. Furthermore, the combination of erlotinib and rituximab greatly decreased the expression of p-mTOR and p-EGFR. Additional results from western blotting and immunofluorescence assays demonstrated that the accumulation of rictor was also decreased on MAM. Thus, all these results suggested that EGFR-TKIs combined with CD20 mono-antibody significantly decrease the cell growth of H1975 cells and H1299, with T790M EGFR mutation, and inhibit the localization of the key mTOR pathway proteins to MAM. So, it may be a promising strategy for overcoming EGFR TKI resistance in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cai-Hong Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Biao Hang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei-Li Gao
- Department of Respiration, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-An Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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63
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Vicario M, Cieri D, Brini M, Calì T. The Close Encounter Between Alpha-Synuclein and Mitochondria. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:388. [PMID: 29930495 PMCID: PMC5999749 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The presynaptic protein alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is unequivocally linked to the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Not only it is the major component of amyloid fibrils found in Lewy bodies but mutations and duplication/triplication in its gene are responsible for the onset of familial autosomal dominant forms of PD. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms leading to neuronal degeneration are not fully understood. Several lines of evidence suggest that impaired autophagy clearance and mitochondrial dysfunctions such as bioenergetics and calcium handling defects and alteration in mitochondrial morphology might play a pivotal role in the etiology and progression of PD, and indicate the intriguing possibility that α-syn could be involved in the control of mitochondrial function both in physiological and pathological conditions. In favor of this, it has been shown that a fraction of cellular α-syn can selectively localize to mitochondrial sub-compartments upon specific stimuli, highlighting possible novel routes for α-syn action. A plethora of mitochondrial processes, including cytochrome c release, calcium homeostasis, control of mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production, is directly influenced by α-syn. Eventually, α-syn localization within mitochondria may also account for its aggregation state, making the α-syn/mitochondria intimate relationship a potential key for the understanding of PD pathogenesis. Here, we will deeply survey the recent literature in the field by focusing our attention on the processes directly controlled by α-syn within mitochondrial sub-compartments and its potential partners providing possible hints for future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Vicario
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Domenico Cieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marisa Brini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tito Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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64
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Moehle EA, Shen K, Dillin A. Mitochondrial proteostasis in the context of cellular and organismal health and aging. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:5396-5407. [PMID: 29622680 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.tm117.000893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As a central hub of cellular metabolism and signaling, the mitochondrion is a crucial organelle whose dysfunction can cause disease and whose activity is intimately connected to aging. We review how the mitochondrial network maintains proteomic integrity, how mitochondrial proteotoxic stress is communicated and resolved in the context of the entire cell, and how mitochondrial systems function in the context of organismal health and aging. A deeper understanding of how mitochondrial protein quality control mechanisms are coordinated across these distinct biological levels should help explain why these mechanisms fail with age and, ultimately, how routes to intervention might be attained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica A Moehle
- From the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Koning Shen
- From the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Andrew Dillin
- From the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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65
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Hirabayashi Y, Kwon SK, Paek H, Pernice WM, Paul MA, Lee J, Erfani P, Raczkowski A, Petrey DS, Pon LA, Polleux F. ER-mitochondria tethering by PDZD8 regulates Ca 2+ dynamics in mammalian neurons. Science 2018; 358:623-630. [PMID: 29097544 DOI: 10.1126/science.aan6009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces between organelles are emerging as critical platforms for many biological responses in eukaryotic cells. In yeast, the ERMES complex is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria tether composed of four proteins, three of which contain a SMP (synaptotagmin-like mitochondrial-lipid binding protein) domain. No functional ortholog for any ERMES protein has been identified in metazoans. Here, we identified PDZD8 as an ER protein present at ER-mitochondria contacts. The SMP domain of PDZD8 is functionally orthologous to the SMP domain found in yeast Mmm1. PDZD8 was necessary for the formation of ER-mitochondria contacts in mammalian cells. In neurons, PDZD8 was required for calcium ion (Ca2+) uptake by mitochondria after synaptically induced Ca2+-release from ER and thereby regulated cytoplasmic Ca2+ dynamics. Thus, PDZD8 represents a critical ER-mitochondria tethering protein in metazoans. We suggest that ER-mitochondria coupling is involved in the regulation of dendritic Ca2+ dynamics in mammalian neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hirabayashi
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seok-Kyu Kwon
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Hunki Paek
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Wolfgang M Pernice
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Maëla A Paul
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jinoh Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Parsa Erfani
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Ashleigh Raczkowski
- Simons Electron Microscopy Center, New York Structural Biology Center (NYSBC), New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Donald S Petrey
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Liza A Pon
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Franck Polleux
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. .,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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66
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Janikiewicz J, Szymański J, Malinska D, Patalas-Krawczyk P, Michalska B, Duszyński J, Giorgi C, Bonora M, Dobrzyn A, Wieckowski MR. Mitochondria-associated membranes in aging and senescence: structure, function, and dynamics. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:332. [PMID: 29491385 PMCID: PMC5832430 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0105-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sites of close contact between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are known as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM) or mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs), and play an important role in both cell physiology and pathology. A growing body of evidence indicates that changes observed in the molecular composition of MAM and in the number of MERCs predisposes MAM to be considered a dynamic structure. Its involvement in processes such as lipid biosynthesis and trafficking, calcium homeostasis, reactive oxygen species production, and autophagy has been experimentally confirmed. Recently, MAM have also been studied in the context of different pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and GM1-gangliosidosis. An underappreciated amount of data links MAM with aging or senescence processes. In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge of basic MAM biology, composition and action, and discuss the potential connections supporting the idea that MAM are significant players in longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Janikiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Szymański
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Malinska
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Bernadeta Michalska
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Duszyński
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Bonora
- Departments of Cell Biology and Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyn
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
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67
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A key role for MAM in mediating mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer disease. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:335. [PMID: 29491396 PMCID: PMC5832428 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, increased emphasis has been devoted to understanding the contribution of mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAM) to human pathology in general, and neurodegenerative diseases in particular. A major reason for this is the central role that this subdomain of the ER plays in metabolic regulation and in mitochondrial biology. As such, aberrant MAM function may help explain the seemingly unrelated metabolic abnormalities often seen in neurodegeneration. In the specific case of Alzheimer disease (AD), besides perturbations in calcium and lipid homeostasis, there are numerous documented alterations in mitochondrial behavior and function, including reduced respiratory chain activity and oxidative phosphorylation, increased free radical production, and altered organellar morphology, dynamics, and positioning (especially perinuclear mitochondria). However, whether these alterations are primary events causative of the disease, or are secondary downstream events that are the result of some other, more fundamental problem, is still unclear. In support of the former possibility, we recently reported that C99, the C-terminal processing product of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) derived from its cleavage by β-secretase, is present in MAM, that its level is increased in AD, and that this increase reduces mitochondrial respiration, likely via a C99-induced alteration in cellular sphingolipid homeostasis. Thus, the metabolic disturbances seen in AD likely arise from increased ER-mitochondrial communication that is driven by an increase in the levels of C99 at the MAM.
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68
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Early Presymptomatic Changes in the Proteome of Mitochondria-Associated Membrane in the APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7839-7857. [PMID: 29468564 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation is an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Recently, it has been uncovered that presenilins (PSs), the key components of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and the β-amyloid producing γ-secretase complex, are highly enriched in a special sub-compartment of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functionally connected to mitochondria, called mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM). A current hypothesis of pathogenesis of Alzheimer's diseases (AD) suggests that MAM is involved in the initial phase of AD. Since MAM supplies mitochondria with essential proteins, the increasing level of PSs and β-amyloid could lead to metabolic dysfunction because of the impairment of ER-mitochondrion crosstalk. To reveal the early molecular changes of this subcellular compartment in AD development MAM fraction was isolated from the cerebral cortex of 3 months old APP/PS1 mouse model of AD and age-matched C57BL/6 control mice, then mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteome analysis was performed. The enrichment and purity of MAM preparations were validated with EM, LC-MS/MS and protein enrichment analysis. Label-free LC-MS/MS was used to reveal the differences between the proteome of the transgenic and control mice. We obtained 77 increased and 49 decreased protein level changes in the range of - 6.365 to + 2.988, which have mitochondrial, ER or ribosomal localization according to Gene Ontology database. The highest degree of difference between the two groups was shown by the ATP-binding cassette G1 (Abcg1) which plays a crucial role in cholesterol metabolism and suppresses Aβ accumulation. Most of the other protein changes were associated with increased protein synthesis, endoplasmic-reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD), oxidative stress response, decreased mitochondrial protein transport and ATP production. The interaction network analysis revealed a strong relationship between the detected MAM protein changes and AD. Moreover, it explored several MAM proteins with hub position suggesting their importance in Aβ induced early MAM dysregulation. Our identified MAM protein changes precede the onset of dementia-like symptoms in the APP/PS1 model, suggesting their importance in the development of AD.
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69
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Arenas F, Garcia-Ruiz C, Fernandez-Checa JC. Intracellular Cholesterol Trafficking and Impact in Neurodegeneration. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:382. [PMID: 29204109 PMCID: PMC5698305 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is a critical component of membrane bilayers where it plays key structural and functional roles by regulating the activity of diverse signaling platforms and pathways. Particularly enriched in brain, cholesterol homeostasis in this organ is singular with respect to other tissues and exhibits a heterogeneous regulation in distinct brain cell populations. Due to the key role of cholesterol in brain physiology and function, alterations in cholesterol homeostasis and levels have been linked to brain diseases and neurodegeneration. In the case of Alzheimer disease (AD), however, this association remains unclear with evidence indicating that either increased or decreased total brain cholesterol levels contribute to this major neurodegenerative disease. Here, rather than analyzing the role of total cholesterol levels in neurodegeneration, we focus on the contribution of intracellular cholesterol pools, particularly in endolysosomes and mitochondria through its trafficking via specialized membrane domains delineated by the contacts between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, in the onset of prevalent neurodegenerative diseases such as AD, Parkinson disease, and Huntington disease as well as in lysosomal disorders like Niemann-Pick type C disease. We dissect molecular events associated with intracellular cholesterol accumulation, especially in mitochondria, an event that results in impaired mitochondrial antioxidant defense and function. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the distribution of cholesterol in intracellular compartments may shed light on the role of cholesterol homeostasis disruption in neurodegeneration and may pave the way for specific intervention opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Arenas
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Unit and Hospital Clinic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Garcia-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Unit and Hospital Clinic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
- Southern California Research Center for ALDP and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jose C. Fernandez-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Unit and Hospital Clinic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
- Southern California Research Center for ALDP and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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70
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Nagashima S, Takada T, Yanagi S. Mitochondrial quality control by mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase MITOL/MARCH5. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2017. [PMID: 28626116 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.149.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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71
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Area-Gomez E, Schon EA. On the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: The MAM Hypothesis. FASEB J 2017; 31:864-867. [PMID: 28246299 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently unclear and is the subject of much debate. The most widely accepted hypothesis designed to explain AD pathogenesis is the amyloid cascade, which invokes the accumulation of extracellular plaques and intracellular tangles as playing a fundamental role in the course and progression of the disease. However, besides plaques and tangles, other biochemical and morphological features are also present in AD, often manifesting early in the course of the disease before the accumulation of plaques and tangles. These include altered calcium, cholesterol, and phospholipid metabolism; altered mitochondrial dynamics; and reduced bioenergetic function. Notably, these other features of AD are associated with functions localized to a subdomain of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), known as mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs). The MAM region of the ER is a lipid raft-like domain closely apposed to mitochondria in such a way that the 2 organelles are able to communicate with each other, both physically and biochemically, thereby facilitating the functions of this region. We have found that MAM-localized functions are increased significantly in cellular and animal models of AD and in cells from patients with AD in a manner consistent with the biochemical findings noted above. Based on these and other observations, we propose that increased ER-mitochondrial apposition and perturbed MAM function lie at the heart of AD pathogenesis.-Area-Gomez, E., Schon, E. A. On the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: the MAM hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Area-Gomez
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; and
| | - Eric A Schon
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; and.,Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Schedin-Weiss S, Inoue M, Hromadkova L, Teranishi Y, Yamamoto NG, Wiehager B, Bogdanovic N, Winblad B, Sandebring-Matton A, Frykman S, Tjernberg LO. Monoamine oxidase B is elevated in Alzheimer disease neurons, is associated with γ-secretase and regulates neuronal amyloid β-peptide levels. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2017; 9:57. [PMID: 28764767 PMCID: PMC5540560 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-017-0279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Increased levels of the pathogenic amyloid β-peptide (Aβ), released from its precursor by the transmembrane protease γ-secretase, are found in Alzheimer disease (AD) brains. Interestingly, monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) activity is also increased in AD brain, but its role in AD pathogenesis is not known. Recent neuroimaging studies have shown that the increased MAO-B expression in AD brain starts several years before the onset of the disease. Here, we show a potential connection between MAO-B, γ-secretase and Aβ in neurons. Methods MAO-B immunohistochemistry was performed on postmortem human brain. Affinity purification of γ-secretase followed by mass spectrometry was used for unbiased identification of γ-secretase-associated proteins. The association of MAO-B with γ-secretase was studied by coimmunoprecipitation from brain homogenate, and by in-situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) in neurons as well as mouse and human brain sections. The effect of MAO-B on Aβ production and Notch processing in cell cultures was analyzed by siRNA silencing or overexpression experiments followed by ELISA, western blot or FRET analysis. Methodology for measuring relative intraneuronal MAO-B and Aβ42 levels in single cells was developed by combining immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy with quantitative image analysis. Results Immunohistochemistry revealed MAO-B staining in neurons in the frontal cortex, hippocampus CA1 and entorhinal cortex in postmortem human brain. Interestingly, the neuronal staining intensity was higher in AD brain than in control brain in these regions. Mass spectrometric data from affinity purified γ-secretase suggested that MAO-B is a γ-secretase-associated protein, which was confirmed by immunoprecipitation and PLA, and a neuronal location of the interaction was shown. Strikingly, intraneuronal Aβ42 levels correlated with MAO-B levels, and siRNA silencing of MAO-B resulted in significantly reduced levels of intraneuronal Aβ42. Furthermore, overexpression of MAO-B enhanced Aβ production. Conclusions This study shows that MAO-B levels are increased not only in astrocytes but also in pyramidal neurons in AD brain. The study also suggests that MAO-B regulates Aβ production in neurons via γ-secretase and thereby provides a key to understanding the relationship between MAO-B and AD pathogenesis. Potentially, the γ-secretase/MAO-B association may be a target for reducing Aβ levels using protein–protein interaction breakers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13195-017-0279-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Schedin-Weiss
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Mitsuhiro Inoue
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden.,Present address: Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd, Drug Development Research Laboratories, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lenka Hromadkova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Yasuhiro Teranishi
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden.,Present address: Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd, Drug Development Research Laboratories, Osaka, Japan
| | - Natsuko Goto Yamamoto
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden.,Present address: Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd, Drug Development Research Laboratories, Osaka, Japan
| | - Birgitta Wiehager
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nenad Bogdanovic
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University in Oslo, Memory Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anna Sandebring-Matton
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Susanne Frykman
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lars O Tjernberg
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden
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73
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Szymański J, Janikiewicz J, Michalska B, Patalas-Krawczyk P, Perrone M, Ziółkowski W, Duszyński J, Pinton P, Dobrzyń A, Więckowski MR. Interaction of Mitochondria with the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Plasma Membrane in Calcium Homeostasis, Lipid Trafficking and Mitochondrial Structure. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071576. [PMID: 28726733 PMCID: PMC5536064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying organelles in isolation has been proven to be indispensable for deciphering the underlying mechanisms of molecular cell biology. However, observing organelles in intact cells with the use of microscopic techniques reveals a new set of different junctions and contact sites between them that contribute to the control and regulation of various cellular processes, such as calcium and lipid exchange or structural reorganization of the mitochondrial network. In recent years, many studies focused their attention on the structure and function of contacts between mitochondria and other organelles. From these studies, findings emerged showing that these contacts are involved in various processes, such as lipid synthesis and trafficking, modulation of mitochondrial morphology, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation and Ca2+ handling. In this review, we focused on the physical interactions of mitochondria with the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane and summarized present knowledge regarding the role of mitochondria-associated membranes in calcium homeostasis and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jędrzej Szymański
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Justyna Janikiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Bernadeta Michalska
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Paulina Patalas-Krawczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mariasole Perrone
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Wiesław Ziółkowski
- Department of Bioenergetics and Nutrition, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Duszyński
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyń
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mariusz R Więckowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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74
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Chen YC. Impact of a discordant helix on β-amyloid structure, aggregation ability and toxicity. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2017; 46:681-687. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-017-1235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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75
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Identifying mitotane-induced mitochondria-associated membranes dysfunctions: metabolomic and lipidomic approaches. Oncotarget 2017; 8:109924-109940. [PMID: 29299119 PMCID: PMC5746354 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitotane (o,p’DDD), the most effective drug in adrenocortical carcinoma, concentrates into the mitochondria and impacts mitochondrial functions. To address the molecular mechanisms of mitotane action and to identify its potential target, metabolomic and lipidomic approaches as well as imaging analyses were employed in human adrenocortical H295R cells allowing identification of Mitochondria-Associated Membranes dysfunction as a critical impact of mitotane. Study of intracellular energetic metabolites by NMR spectroscopy showed that mitotane significantly decreased aspartate while concomitantly increased glutamate content in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Such alterations were very likely linked to the previously described, mitotane-induced respiratory chain defect. Lipidomic studies of intracellular and intramitochondrial phospholipids revealed that mitotane exposure markedly reduced the phosphatidylserine/phosphatidylethanolamine ratio, indicative of a dysfunction of phosphatidylserine decarboxylase located in Mitochondria-Associated Membranes. Expression levels of Mitochondria-Associated Membranes proteins phosphatidylserine decarboxylase, DRP1, ATAD3A or TSPO were greatly reduced by mitotane as assessed by western blot analyses. Mitotane exposure markedly altered endogenous Mitochondria-Associated Membranes integrity and reduced the magnitude of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum interactions as demonstrated by high resolution deconvolution microscopy and quantification. Finally, we showed that PK11195, a pharmacological inhibitor of the cholesterol translocator TSPO, embedded in Mitochondria-Associated Membranes, exerts a synergetic effect with mitotane in inducing Mitochondria-Associated Membranes disruption, apoptosis and in inhibiting steroid secretion. Altogether, our results demonstrate Mitochondria-Associated Membranes dysfunction in H295R cells treated with mitotane and that TSPO inhibition significantly potentiates mitotane antitumoral and antisecretory actions in vitro. This constitutes a potential and promising pharmacological strategy for patients with adrenocortical carcinoma.
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76
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Patent highlights February–March 2017. Pharm Pat Anal 2017; 6:151-159. [DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2017-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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77
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Schrader M, Pellegrini L. The making of a mammalian peroxisome, version 2.0: mitochondria get into the mix. Cell Death Differ 2017; 24:1148-1152. [PMID: 28409773 PMCID: PMC5520164 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A recent report from the Laboratory of Heidi McBride (McGill University) presents a role for mitochondria in the de novo biogenesis of peroxisomes in mammalian cells. Peroxisomes are essential organelles responsible for a wide variety of biochemical functions, from the generation of bile to plasmalogen synthesis, reduction of peroxides, and the oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids. Like mitochondria, peroxisomes proliferate primarily through growth and division of pre-existing peroxisomes. However, unlike mitochondria, peroxisomes do not fuse; further, and perhaps most importantly, they can also be born de novo, a process thought to occur through the generation of pre-peroxisomal vesicles that originate from the endoplasmic reticulum. De novo peroxisome biogenesis has been extensively studied in yeast, with a major focus on the role of the ER in this process; however, in the mammalian system this field is much less explored. By exploiting patient cells lacking mature peroxisomes, the McBride laboratory now assigns a role to ER and mitochondria in de novo mammalian peroxisome biogenesis by showing that the formation of immature pre-peroxisomes occurs through the fusion of Pex3-/Pex14-containing mitochondria-derived vesicles with Pex16-containing ER-derived vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Pellegrini
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Universitè Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
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78
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Casas C. GRP78 at the Centre of the Stage in Cancer and Neuroprotection. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:177. [PMID: 28424579 PMCID: PMC5380735 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein GRP78, also known as BiP and HSP5a, is a multifunctional protein with activities far beyond its well-known role in the unfolded protein response (UPR) which is activated after endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the cells. Most of these newly discovered activities depend on its position within the cell. GRP78 is located mainly in the ER, but it has also been observed in the cytoplasm, the mitochondria, the nucleus, the plasma membrane, and secreted, although it is dedicated mostly to engage endogenous cytoprotective processes. Hence, GRP78 may control either UPR and macroautophagy or may activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pro-survival pathways. GRP78 influences how tumor cells survive, proliferate, and develop chemoresistance. In neurodegeneration, endogenous mechanisms of neuroprotection are frequently insufficient or dysregulated. Lessons from tumor biology may give us clues about how boosting endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms in age-related neurodegeneration. Herein, the functions of GRP78 are revealed at the center of the stage of apparently opposite sites of the same coin regarding cytoprotection: neurodegeneration and cancer. The goal is to give a comprehensive and critical review that may serve to guide future experiments to identify interventions that will enhance neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caty Casas
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
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79
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Tubbs E, Rieusset J. Metabolic signaling functions of ER-mitochondria contact sites: role in metabolic diseases. J Mol Endocrinol 2017; 58:R87-R106. [PMID: 27965371 DOI: 10.1530/jme-16-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Beyond the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and the determination of cell fate, ER-mitochondria contact sites, defined as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM), start to emerge as an important signaling hub that integrates nutrient and hormonal stimuli and adapts cellular metabolism. Here, we summarize the established structural and functional features of MAM and mainly focus on the latest breakthroughs highlighting a crucial role of organelle crosstalk in the control of metabolic homeostasis. Lastly, we discuss recent studies that have revealed the importance of MAM in not only metabolic diseases but also in other pathologies with disrupted metabolism, shedding light on potential common molecular mechanisms and leading hopefully to novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Tubbs
- Department of Clinical SciencesLund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- INSERM UMR-1060CarMeN Laboratory, Lyon 1 University, INRA U1235, INSA of Lyon, Charles Merieux Lyon-Sud medical Universities, Lyon, France
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80
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Abstract
The most widely accepted hypothesis to explain the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD) is the amyloid cascade, in which the accumulation of extraneuritic plaques and intracellular tangles plays a key role in driving the course and progression of the disease. However, there are other biochemical and morphological features of AD, including altered calcium, phospholipid, and cholesterol metabolism and altered mitochondrial dynamics and function that often appear early in the course of the disease, prior to plaque and tangle accumulation. Interestingly, these other functions are associated with a subdomain of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) called mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAM). MAM, which is an intracellular lipid raft-like domain, is closely apposed to mitochondria, both physically and biochemically. These MAM-localized functions are, in fact, increased significantly in various cellular and animal models of AD and in cells from AD patients, which could help explain the biochemical and morphological alterations seen in the disease. Based on these and other observations, a strong argument can be made that increased ER-mitochondria connectivity and increased MAM function are fundamental to AD pathogenesis.
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81
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Briggs CA, Chakroborty S, Stutzmann GE. Emerging pathways driving early synaptic pathology in Alzheimer's disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 483:988-997. [PMID: 27659710 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The current state of the AD research field is highly dynamic is some respects, while seemingly stagnant in others. Regarding the former, our current lack of understanding of initiating disease mechanisms, the absence of effective treatment options, and the looming escalation of AD patients is energizing new research directions including a much-needed re-focusing on early pathogenic mechanisms, validating novel targets, and investigating relevant biomarkers, among other exciting new efforts to curb disease progression and foremost, preserve memory function. With regard to the latter, the recent disappointing series of failed Phase III clinical trials targeting Aβ and APP processing, in concert with poor association between brain Aβ levels and cognitive function, have led many to call for a re-evaluation of the primacy of the amyloid cascade hypothesis. In this review, we integrate new insights into one of the earliest described signaling abnormalities in AD pathogenesis, namely intracellular Ca2+ signaling disruptions, and focus on its role in driving synaptic deficits - which is the feature that does correlate with AD-associated memory loss. Excess Ca2+release from intracellular stores such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been well-described in cellular and animal models of AD, as well as human patients, and here we expand upon recent developments in ER-localized release channels such as the IP3R and RyR, and the recent emphasis on RyR2. Consistent with ER Ca2+ mishandling in AD are recent findings implicating aspects of SOCE, such as STIM2 function, and TRPC3 and TRPC6 levels. Other Ca2+-regulated organelles important in signaling and protein handling are brought into the discussion, with new perspectives on lysosomal regulation. These early signaling abnormalities are discussed in the context of synaptic pathophysiology and disruptions in synaptic plasticity with a particular emphasis on short-term plasticity deficits. Overall, we aim to update and expand the list of early neuronal signaling abnormalities implicated in AD pathogenesis, identify specific channels and organelles involved, and link these to proximal synaptic impairments driving the memory loss in AD. This is all within the broader goal of identifying novel therapeutic targets to preserve cognitive function in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark A Briggs
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Shreaya Chakroborty
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Grace E Stutzmann
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
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