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Caligaris M, Sampaio-Marques B, Hatakeyama R, Pillet B, Ludovico P, De Virgilio C, Winderickx J, Nicastro R. The Yeast Protein Kinase Sch9 Functions as a Central Nutrient-Responsive Hub That Calibrates Metabolic and Stress-Related Responses. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:787. [PMID: 37623558 PMCID: PMC10455444 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Yeast cells are equipped with different nutrient signaling pathways that enable them to sense the availability of various nutrients and adjust metabolism and growth accordingly. These pathways are part of an intricate network since most of them are cross-regulated and subject to feedback regulation at different levels. In yeast, a central role is played by Sch9, a protein kinase that functions as a proximal effector of the conserved growth-regulatory TORC1 complex to mediate information on the availability of free amino acids. However, recent studies established that Sch9 is more than a TORC1-effector as its activity is tuned by several other kinases. This allows Sch9 to function as an integrator that aligns different input signals to achieve accuracy in metabolic responses and stress-related molecular adaptations. In this review, we highlight the latest findings on the structure and regulation of Sch9, as well as its role as a nutrient-responsive hub that impacts on growth and longevity of yeast cells. Given that most key players impinging on Sch9 are well-conserved, we also discuss how studies on Sch9 can be instrumental to further elucidate mechanisms underpinning healthy aging in mammalians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Caligaris
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (M.C.); (B.P.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Belém Sampaio-Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (B.S.-M.); (P.L.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Riko Hatakeyama
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK;
| | - Benjamin Pillet
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (M.C.); (B.P.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (B.S.-M.); (P.L.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Claudio De Virgilio
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (M.C.); (B.P.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium;
| | - Raffaele Nicastro
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (M.C.); (B.P.); (C.D.V.)
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2
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Del Vecchio M, Amado L, Cogan AP, Meert E, Rosseels J, Franssens V, Govers SK, Winderickx J, Montoro AG. Multiple tethers of organelle contact sites are involved in α-synuclein toxicity in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar84. [PMID: 37074954 PMCID: PMC10398879 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-01-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein α-synuclein (α-syn) is one of the major factors linked to Parkinson's disease, yet how its misfolding and deposition contribute to the pathology remains largely elusive. Recently, contact sites among organelles were implicated in the development of this disease. Here, we used the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which organelle contact sites have been characterized extensively, as a model to investigate their role in α-syn cytotoxicity. We observed that lack of specific tethers that anchor the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane resulted in cells with increased resistance to α-syn expression. Additionally, we found that strains lacking two dual-function proteins involved in contact sites, Mdm10 and Vps39, were resistant to the expression of α-syn. In the case of Mdm10, we found that this is related to its function in mitochondrial protein biogenesis and not to its role as a contact site tether. In contrast, both functions of Vps39, in vesicular transport and as a tether of the vacuole-mitochondria contact site, were required to support α-syn toxicity. Overall, our findings support that interorganelle communication through membrane contact sites is highly relevant for α-syn-mediated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Del Vecchio
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
- Department of Biology, Microbial Systems Cell Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Lucia Amado
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Cellular Communication Laboratory, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Alexandra P. Cogan
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Cellular Communication Laboratory, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Els Meert
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joelle Rosseels
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Franssens
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Sander K. Govers
- Department of Biology, Microbial Systems Cell Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Ayelén González Montoro
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Cellular Communication Laboratory, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
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3
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Deprez MA, Caligaris M, Rosseels J, Hatakeyama R, Ghillebert R, Sampaio-Marques B, Mudholkar K, Eskes E, Meert E, Ungermann C, Ludovico P, Rospert S, De Virgilio C, Winderickx J. The nutrient-responsive CDK Pho85 primes the Sch9 kinase for its activation by TORC1. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010641. [PMID: 36791155 PMCID: PMC9974134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Yeast cells maintain an intricate network of nutrient signaling pathways enabling them to integrate information on the availability of different nutrients and adjust their metabolism and growth accordingly. Cells that are no longer capable of integrating this information, or that are unable to make the necessary adaptations, will cease growth and eventually die. Here, we studied the molecular basis underlying the synthetic lethality caused by loss of the protein kinase Sch9, a key player in amino acid signaling and proximal effector of the conserved growth-regulatory TORC1 complex, when combined with either loss of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) Pho85 or loss of its inhibitor Pho81, which both have pivotal roles in phosphate sensing and cell cycle regulation. We demonstrate that it is specifically the CDK-cyclin pair Pho85-Pho80 or the partially redundant CDK-cyclin pairs Pho85-Pcl6/Pcl7 that become essential for growth when Sch9 is absent. Interestingly, the respective three CDK-cyclin pairs regulate the activity and distribution of the phosphatidylinositol-3 phosphate 5-kinase Fab1 on endosomes and vacuoles, where it generates phosphatidylinositol-3,5 bisphosphate that serves to recruit both TORC1 and its substrate Sch9. In addition, Pho85-Pho80 directly phosphorylates Sch9 at Ser726, and to a lesser extent at Thr723, thereby priming Sch9 for its subsequent phosphorylation and activation by TORC1. The TORC1-Sch9 signaling branch therefore integrates Pho85-mediated information at different levels. In this context, we also discovered that loss of the transcription factor Pho4 rescued the synthetic lethality caused by loss of Pho85 and Sch9, indicating that both signaling pathways also converge on Pho4, which appears to be wired to a feedback loop involving the high-affinity phosphate transporter Pho84 that fine-tunes Sch9-mediated responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Anne Deprez
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Marco Caligaris
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Rosseels
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Riko Hatakeyama
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Ruben Ghillebert
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Belém Sampaio-Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Kaivalya Mudholkar
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elja Eskes
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Els Meert
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Christian Ungermann
- Department of Biology/Chemistry & Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs), University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Sabine Rospert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudio De Virgilio
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (CDV); (JW)
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
- * E-mail: (CDV); (JW)
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Caligaris M, Nicastro R, Hu Z, Tripodi F, Hummel JE, Pillet B, Deprez MA, Winderickx J, Rospert S, Coccetti P, Dengjel J, De Virgilio C. Snf1/AMPK fine-tunes TORC1 signaling in response to glucose starvation. eLife 2023; 12:84319. [PMID: 36749016 PMCID: PMC9937656 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) are central kinase modules of two opposing signaling pathways that control eukaryotic cell growth and metabolism in response to the availability of energy and nutrients. Accordingly, energy depletion activates AMPK to inhibit growth, while nutrients and high energy levels activate TORC1 to promote growth. Both in mammals and lower eukaryotes such as yeast, the AMPK and TORC1 pathways are wired to each other at different levels, which ensures homeostatic control of growth and metabolism. In this context, a previous study (Hughes Hallett et al., 2015) reported that AMPK in yeast, that is Snf1, prevents the transient TORC1 reactivation during the early phase following acute glucose starvation, but the underlying mechanism has remained elusive. Using a combination of unbiased mass spectrometry (MS)-based phosphoproteomics, genetic, biochemical, and physiological experiments, we show here that Snf1 temporally maintains TORC1 inactive in glucose-starved cells primarily through the TORC1-regulatory protein Pib2. Our data, therefore, extend the function of Pib2 to a hub that integrates both glucose and, as reported earlier, glutamine signals to control TORC1. We further demonstrate that Snf1 phosphorylates the TORC1 effector kinase Sch9 within its N-terminal region and thereby antagonizes the phosphorylation of a C-terminal TORC1-target residue within Sch9 itself that is critical for its activity. The consequences of Snf1-mediated phosphorylation of Pib2 and Sch9 are physiologically additive and sufficient to explain the role of Snf1 in short-term inhibition of TORC1 in acutely glucose-starved cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Caligaris
- Department of Biology, University of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | | | - Zehan Hu
- Department of Biology, University of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Farida Tripodi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-BicoccaMilanoItaly
| | - Johannes Erwin Hummel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Benjamin Pillet
- Department of Biology, University of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | | | | | - Sabine Rospert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Paola Coccetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-BicoccaMilanoItaly
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
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5
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Vrijsen S, Vrancx C, Del Vecchio M, Swinnen JV, Agostinis P, Winderickx J, Vangheluwe P, Annaert W. Inter-organellar Communication in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Disease: Looking Beyond Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Contact Sites. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:900338. [PMID: 35801175 PMCID: PMC9253489 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.900338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are generally considered proteinopathies but whereas this may initiate disease in familial cases, onset in sporadic diseases may originate from a gradually disrupted organellar homeostasis. Herein, endolysosomal abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and altered lipid metabolism are commonly observed in early preclinical stages of major NDs, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among the multitude of underlying defective molecular mechanisms that have been suggested in the past decades, dysregulation of inter-organellar communication through the so-called membrane contact sites (MCSs) is becoming increasingly apparent. Although MCSs exist between almost every other type of subcellular organelle, to date, most focus has been put on defective communication between the ER and mitochondria in NDs, given these compartments are critical in neuronal survival. Contributions of other MCSs, notably those with endolysosomes and lipid droplets are emerging, supported as well by genetic studies, identifying genes functionally involved in lysosomal homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the molecular identity of the organelle interactome in yeast and mammalian cells, and critically evaluate the evidence supporting the contribution of disturbed MCSs to the general disrupted inter-organellar homeostasis in NDs, taking PD and AD as major examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Vrijsen
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Céline Vrancx
- Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, VIB-Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mara Del Vecchio
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Johannes V. Swinnen
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Johannes V. Swinnen
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Laboratory of Cell Death Research and Therapy, VIB-Center for Cancer Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Patrizia Agostinis
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
- Joris Winderickx
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Peter Vangheluwe
| | - Wim Annaert
- Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, VIB-Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Wim Annaert
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6
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Hardwick JM, Knorre D, Palkova Z, Winderickx J. Editorial: Yeast Differentiation: From Cell-to-Cell Heterogeneity to Replicative Aging and Regulated Cell Death. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:823447. [PMID: 35059403 PMCID: PMC8764389 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.823447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Marie Hardwick
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dmitry Knorre
- Belozersy Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zdena Palkova
- Faculty of Science, BIOCEV, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
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7
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Randez-Gil F, Bojunga L, Estruch F, Winderickx J, Del Poeta M, Prieto JA. Sphingolipids and Inositol Phosphates Regulate the Tau Protein Phosphorylation Status in Humanized Yeast. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:592159. [PMID: 33282871 PMCID: PMC7705114 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.592159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperphosphorylation of protein tau is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Changes in energy and lipid metabolism have been correlated with the late onset of this neurological disorder. However, it is uncertain if metabolic dysregulation is a consequence of AD or one of the initiating factors of AD pathophysiology. Also, it is unclear whether variations in lipid metabolism regulate the phosphorylation state of tau. Here, we show that in humanized yeast, tau hyperphosphorylation is stimulated by glucose starvation in coincidence with the downregulation of Pho85, the yeast ortholog of CDK5. Changes in inositol phosphate (IP) signaling, which has a central role in energy metabolism, altered tau phosphorylation. Lack of inositol hexakisphosphate kinases Kcs1 and Vip1 (IP6 and IP7 kinases in mammals) increased tau hyperphosphorylation. Similar effects were found by mutation of IPK2 (inositol polyphosphate multikinase), or PLC1, the yeast phospholipase C gene. These effects may be explained by IP-mediated regulation of Pho85. Indeed, this appeared to be the case for plc1, ipk2, and kcs1. However, the effects of Vip1 on tau phosphorylation were independent of the presence of Pho85, suggesting additional mechanisms. Interestingly, kcs1 and vip1 strains, like pho85, displayed dysregulated sphingolipid (SL) metabolism. Moreover, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of SL biosynthesis stimulated the appearance of hyperphosphorylated forms of tau, while increased flux through the pathway reduced its abundance. Finally, we demonstrated that Sit4, the yeast ortholog of human PP2A protein phosphatase, is a downstream effector of SL signaling in mediating the tau phosphorylation state. Altogether, our results add new knowledge on the molecular effectors involved in tauopathies and identify new targets for pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Randez-Gil
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lino Bojunga
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Estruch
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Maurizio Del Poeta
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Northport, NY, United States
| | - Jose A. Prieto
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
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8
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Chen Z, Malia PC, Hatakeyama R, Nicastro R, Hu Z, Péli-Gulli MP, Gao J, Nishimura T, Eskes E, Stefan CJ, Winderickx J, Dengjel J, De Virgilio C, Ungermann C. TORC1 Determines Fab1 Lipid Kinase Function at Signaling Endosomes and Vacuoles. Curr Biol 2020; 31:297-309.e8. [PMID: 33157024 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Organelles of the endomembrane system maintain their identity and integrity during growth or stress conditions by homeostatic mechanisms that regulate membrane flux and biogenesis. At lysosomes and endosomes, the Fab1 lipid kinase complex and the nutrient-regulated target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) control the integrity of the endolysosomal homeostasis and cellular metabolism. Both complexes are functionally connected as Fab1-dependent generation of PI(3,5)P2 supports TORC1 activity. Here, we identify Fab1 as a target of TORC1 on signaling endosomes, which are distinct from multivesicular bodies, and provide mechanistic insight into their crosstalk. Accordingly, TORC1 can phosphorylate Fab1 proximal to its PI3P-interacting FYVE domain, which causes Fab1 to shift to signaling endosomes, where it generates PI(3,5)P2. This, in turn, regulates (1) vacuole morphology, (2) recruitment of TORC1 and the TORC1-regulatory Rag GTPase-containing EGO complex to signaling endosomes, and (3) TORC1 activity. Thus, our study unravels a regulatory feedback loop between TORC1 and the Fab1 complex that controls signaling at endolysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilei Chen
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 13, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Pedro Carpio Malia
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 13, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Riko Hatakeyama
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Nicastro
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Zehan Hu
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Pierre Péli-Gulli
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jieqiong Gao
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 13, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Taki Nishimura
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Elja Eskes
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arensberg 31, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christopher J Stefan
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arensberg 31, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Claudio De Virgilio
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Ungermann
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 13, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany; Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück (CellNanOs), University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
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9
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Callewaert G, D'hooge P, Ma TY, Del Vecchio M, Van Eyck V, Franssens V, Winderickx J. Decreased Vacuolar Ca 2+ Storage and Disrupted Vesicle Trafficking Underlie Alpha-Synuclein-Induced Ca 2+ Dysregulation in S. cerevisiae. Front Genet 2020; 11:266. [PMID: 32457789 PMCID: PMC7225347 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a powerful model to study the molecular mechanisms underlying α-synuclein (α-syn) cytotoxicity. This is due to the high degree of conservation of cellular processes with higher eukaryotes and the fact that yeast does not endogenously express α-synuclein. In this work, we focused specifically on the interplay between α-syn and intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Using temperature-sensitive SEC4 mutants and deletion strains for the vacuolar Ca2+ transporters Pmc1 and Vcx1, together with aequorin-based Ca2+ recordings, we show that overexpression of α-syn shifts the predominant temporal pattern of organellar Ca2+ release from a biphasic to a quasi-monophasic response. Fragmentation and vesiculation of vacuolar membranes in α-syn expressing cells can account for the faster release of vacuolar Ca2+. α-Syn further significantly reduced Ca2+ storage resulting in increased resting cytosolic Ca2+ levels. Overexpression of the vacuolar Ca2+ ATPase Pmc1 in wild-type cells prevented the α-syn-induced increase in resting Ca2+ and was able to restore growth. We propose that α-syn-induced disruptions in Ca2+ signaling might be an important step in initiating cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tien-Yang Ma
- The Yeast Hub Lab, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium.,Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Mara Del Vecchio
- Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | | | - Vanessa Franssens
- Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
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10
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Verelst J, Geukens N, Eddarkaoui S, Vliegen D, De Smidt E, Rosseels J, Franssens V, Molenberghs S, Francois C, Stoops E, Bjerke M, Engelborghs S, Laghmouchi M, Carmans S, Buée L, Vanmechelen E, Winderickx J, Thomas D. A Novel Tau Antibody Detecting the First Amino-Terminal Insert Reveals Conformational Differences Among Tau Isoforms. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:48. [PMID: 32296712 PMCID: PMC7136581 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As human Tau undergoes pathologically relevant post-translational modifications when expressed in yeast, the use of humanized yeast models for the generation of novel Tau monoclonal antibodies has previously been proven to be successful. In this study, human Tau2N4R-ΔK280 purified from yeast was used for the immunization of mice and subsequent selection of high affinity Tau-specific monoclonal antibodies. The characterization of four novel antibodies in different Tau model systems yielded a phosphorylation-dependent antibody (15A10), an antibody directed to the first microtubule-binding repeat domain (16B12), a carboxy-terminal antibody (20G10) and an antibody targeting an epitope on the hinge of the first and second amino-terminal insert (18F12). The latter was found to be conformation-dependent, suggesting structural differences between the Tau splicing isoforms and allowing insight in the roles played by the amino-terminal inserts. As this monoclonal antibody also has the capacity to detect tangle-like structures in different transgenic Tau mice and neurofibrillary tangles in brain sections of patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, we also tested the diagnostic potential of 18F12 in a pilot study and found this monoclonal antibody to have the ability to discriminate Alzheimer's disease patients from control individuals based on increased Tau levels in the cerebrospinal fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke Verelst
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | | | - Sabiha Eddarkaoui
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, UMRS1172, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Lille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Bjerke
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Department of Neurology and Center for Neurosciences, UZ Brussel and Vrije Universtieit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Department of Neurology and Center for Neurosciences, UZ Brussel and Vrije Universtieit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Luc Buée
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, UMRS1172, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Lille, France
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11
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Sampaio‐Marques B, Guedes A, Vasilevskiy I, Gonçalves S, Outeiro TF, Winderickx J, Burhans WC, Ludovico P. α-Synuclein toxicity in yeast and human cells is caused by cell cycle re-entry and autophagy degradation of ribonucleotide reductase 1. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12922. [PMID: 30977294 PMCID: PMC6612645 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
α‐Synuclein (aSyn) toxicity is associated with cell cycle alterations, activation of DNA damage responses (DDR), and deregulation of autophagy. However, the relationships between these phenomena remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that in a yeast model of aSyn toxicity and aging, aSyn expression induces Ras2‐dependent growth signaling, cell cycle re‐entry, DDR activation, autophagy, and autophagic degradation of ribonucleotide reductase 1 (Rnr1), a protein required for the activity of ribonucleotide reductase and dNTP synthesis. These events lead to cell death and aging, which are abrogated by deleting RAS2, inhibiting DDR or autophagy, or overexpressing RNR1. aSyn expression in human H4 neuroglioma cells also induces cell cycle re‐entry and S‐phase arrest, autophagy, and degradation of RRM1, the human homologue of RNR1, and inhibiting autophagic degradation of RRM1 rescues cells from cell death. Our findings represent a model for aSyn toxicity that has important implications for understanding synucleinopathies and other age‐related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belém Sampaio‐Marques
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) University of Minho Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s ‐ PT Government Associate Laboratory Guimarães Portugal
| | - Ana Guedes
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) University of Minho Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s ‐ PT Government Associate Laboratory Guimarães Portugal
| | - Igor Vasilevskiy
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) University of Minho Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s ‐ PT Government Associate Laboratory Guimarães Portugal
| | - Susana Gonçalves
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, CEDOC – Chronic Diseases Research Center Universidade Nova de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Tiago F. Outeiro
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, CEDOC – Chronic Diseases Research Center Universidade Nova de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB) University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration Göttingen Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine Göttingen Germany
| | | | - William C. Burhans
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New York
| | - Paula Ludovico
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) University of Minho Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s ‐ PT Government Associate Laboratory Guimarães Portugal
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12
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Deprez MA, Eskes E, Winderickx J, Wilms T. The TORC1-Sch9 pathway as a crucial mediator of chronological lifespan in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 2019; 18:4980911. [PMID: 29788208 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of ageing is one that has intrigued mankind since the beginning of time and is now more important than ever as the incidence of age-related disorders is increasing in our ageing population. Over the past decades, extensive research has been performed using various model organisms. As such, it has become apparent that many fundamental aspects of biological ageing are highly conserved across large evolutionary distances. In this review, we illustrate that the unicellular eukaryotic organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae has proven to be a valuable tool to gain fundamental insights into the molecular mechanisms of cellular ageing in multicellular eukaryotes. In addition, we outline the current knowledge on how downregulation of nutrient signaling through the target of rapamycin (TOR)-Sch9 pathway or reducing calorie intake attenuates many detrimental effects associated with ageing and leads to the extension of yeast chronological lifespan. Given that both TOR Complex 1 (TORC1) and Sch9 have mammalian orthologues that have been implicated in various age-related disorders, unraveling the connections of TORC1 and Sch9 with yeast ageing may provide additional clues on how their mammalian orthologues contribute to the mechanisms underpinning human ageing and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Anne Deprez
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Elja Eskes
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Tobias Wilms
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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13
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Fichou Y, Al-Hilaly YK, Devred F, Smet-Nocca C, Tsvetkov PO, Verelst J, Winderickx J, Geukens N, Vanmechelen E, Perrotin A, Serpell L, Hanseeuw BJ, Medina M, Buée L, Landrieu I. The elusive tau molecular structures: can we translate the recent breakthroughs into new targets for intervention? Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:31. [PMID: 30823892 PMCID: PMC6397507 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0682-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Insights into tau molecular structures have advanced significantly in recent years. This field has been the subject of recent breakthroughs, including the first cryo-electron microscopy structures of tau filaments from Alzheimer’s and Pick’s disease inclusions, as well as the structure of the repeat regions of tau bound to microtubules. Tau structure covers various species as the tau protein itself takes many forms. We will here address a range of studies that help to define the many facets of tau protein structures and how they translate into pathogenic forms. New results shed light on previous data that need now to be revisited in order to up-date our knowledge of tau molecular structure. Finally, we explore how these data can contribute the important medical aspects of this research - diagnosis and therapeutics.
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14
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Fruhmann G, Marchal C, Vignaud H, Verduyckt M, Talarek N, De Virgilio C, Winderickx J, Cullin C. The Impact of ESCRT on Aβ 1-42 Induced Membrane Lesions in a Yeast Model for Alzheimer's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:406. [PMID: 30455629 PMCID: PMC6230623 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aβ metabolism plays a pivotal role in Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we used a yeast model to monitor Aβ42 toxicity when entering the secretory pathway and demonstrate that processing in, and exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is required to unleash the full Aβ42 toxic potential. Consistent with previously reported data, our data suggests that Aβ42 interacts with mitochondria, thereby enhancing formation of reactive oxygen species and eventually leading to cell demise. We used our model to search for genes that modulate this deleterious effect, either by reducing or enhancing Aβ42 toxicity, based on screening of the yeast knockout collection. This revealed a reduced Aβ42 toxicity not only in strains hampered in ER-Golgi traffic and mitochondrial functioning but also in strains lacking genes connected to the cell cycle and the DNA replication stress response. On the other hand, increased Aβ42 toxicity was observed in strains affected in the actin cytoskeleton organization, endocytosis and the formation of multivesicular bodies, including key factors of the ESCRT machinery. Since the latter was shown to be required for the repair of membrane lesions in mammalian systems, we studied this aspect in more detail in our yeast model. Our data demonstrated that Aβ42 heavily disturbed the plasma membrane integrity in a strain lacking the ESCRT-III accessory factor Bro1, a phenotype that came along with a severe growth defect and enhanced loading of lipid droplets. Thus, it appears that also in yeast ESCRT is required for membrane repair, thereby counteracting one of the deleterious effects induced by the expression of Aβ42. Combined, our studies once more validated the use of yeast as a model to investigate fundamental mechanisms underlying the etiology of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christelle Marchal
- Institut de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nano-objets, University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Hélène Vignaud
- Institut de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nano-objets, University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | | | - Nicolas Talarek
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Christophe Cullin
- Institut de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nano-objets, University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5248, Pessac, France
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15
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Dumbacher M, Van Dooren T, Princen K, De Witte K, Farinelli M, Lievens S, Tavernier J, Dehaen W, Wera S, Winderickx J, Allasia S, Kilonda A, Spieser S, Marchand A, Chaltin P, Hoogenraad CC, Griffioen G. Modifying Rap1-signalling by targeting Pde6δ is neuroprotective in models of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2018; 13:50. [PMID: 30257685 PMCID: PMC6158915 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-018-0283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuronal Ca2+ dyshomeostasis and hyperactivity play a central role in Alzheimer’s disease pathology and progression. Amyloid-beta together with non-genetic risk-factors of Alzheimer’s disease contributes to increased Ca2+ influx and aberrant neuronal activity, which accelerates neurodegeneration in a feed-forward fashion. As such, identifying new targets and drugs to modulate excessive Ca2+ signalling and neuronal hyperactivity, without overly suppressing them, has promising therapeutic potential. Methods Here we show, using biochemical, electrophysiological, imaging, and behavioural tools, that pharmacological modulation of Rap1 signalling by inhibiting its interaction with Pde6δ normalises disease associated Ca2+ aberrations and neuronal activity, conferring neuroprotection in models of Alzheimer’s disease. Results The newly identified inhibitors of the Rap1-Pde6δ interaction counteract AD phenotypes, by reconfiguring Rap1 signalling underlying synaptic efficacy, Ca2+ influx, and neuronal repolarisation, without adverse effects in-cellulo or in-vivo. Thus, modulation of Rap1 by Pde6δ accommodates key mechanisms underlying neuronal activity, and therefore represents a promising new drug target for early or late intervention in neurodegenerative disorders. Conclusion Targeting the Pde6δ-Rap1 interaction has promising therapeutic potential for disorders characterised by neuronal hyperactivity, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13024-018-0283-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dumbacher
- reMYND NV, Gaston Geenslaan 1, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium.,Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Van Dooren
- reMYND NV, Gaston Geenslaan 1, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Katrien Princen
- reMYND NV, Gaston Geenslaan 1, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Koen De Witte
- reMYND NV, Gaston Geenslaan 1, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Mélissa Farinelli
- E-Phy-Science, IPMC, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Sam Lievens
- Orionis Biosciences, Technologiepark 12B, Zwijnaarde-Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Cytokine Receptor Lab, Flanders Institute of Biotechnology, Medical Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Tavernier
- Cytokine Receptor Lab, Flanders Institute of Biotechnology, Medical Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f - box 2404, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Stefaan Wera
- ViroVet NV, Ambachtenlaan 1, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 box 2433, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Sara Allasia
- Cistim Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Amuri Kilonda
- Cistim Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Spieser
- Cistim Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Marchand
- Cistim Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Patrick Chaltin
- Cistim Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium.,Center for Drug Design and Development (CD3), KU Leuven, Waaistraat 6, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Casper C Hoogenraad
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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16
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Zheng J, Winderickx J, Franssens V, Liu B. A Mitochondria-Associated Oxidative Stress Perspective on Huntington's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:329. [PMID: 30283298 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00329/xml/nlm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is genetically caused by mutation of the Huntingtin (HTT) gene. At present, the mechanisms underlying the defect of HTT and the development of HD remain largely unclear. However, increasing evidence shows the presence of enhanced oxidative stress in HD patients. In this review article, we focus on the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of HD and discuss mediators and potential mechanisms involved in mutant HTT-mediated oxidative stress generation and progression. Furthermore, we emphasize the role of the unicellular organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae in investigating mutant HTT-induced oxidative stress. Overall, this review article provides an overview of the latest findings regarding oxidative stress in HD and potential therapeutic targets for HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Zheng
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Franssens
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Beidong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Large-scale Cell-based Screening, Faculty of Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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17
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Zheng J, Winderickx J, Franssens V, Liu B. A Mitochondria-Associated Oxidative Stress Perspective on Huntington's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:329. [PMID: 30283298 PMCID: PMC6156126 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is genetically caused by mutation of the Huntingtin (HTT) gene. At present, the mechanisms underlying the defect of HTT and the development of HD remain largely unclear. However, increasing evidence shows the presence of enhanced oxidative stress in HD patients. In this review article, we focus on the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of HD and discuss mediators and potential mechanisms involved in mutant HTT-mediated oxidative stress generation and progression. Furthermore, we emphasize the role of the unicellular organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae in investigating mutant HTT-induced oxidative stress. Overall, this review article provides an overview of the latest findings regarding oxidative stress in HD and potential therapeutic targets for HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Zheng
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium.,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Franssens
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Beidong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China.,Center for Large-scale Cell-based Screening, Faculty of Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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18
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Seynnaeve D, Vecchio MD, Fruhmann G, Verelst J, Cools M, Beckers J, Mulvihill DP, Winderickx J, Franssens V. Recent Insights on Alzheimer's Disease Originating from Yeast Models. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1947. [PMID: 29970827 PMCID: PMC6073265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review article, yeast model-based research advances regarding the role of Amyloid-β (Aβ), Tau and frameshift Ubiquitin UBB+1 in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are discussed. Despite having limitations with regard to intercellular and cognitive AD aspects, these models have clearly shown their added value as complementary models for the study of the molecular aspects of these proteins, including their interplay with AD-related cellular processes such as mitochondrial dysfunction and altered proteostasis. Moreover, these yeast models have also shown their importance in translational research, e.g., in compound screenings and for AD diagnostics development. In addition to well-established Saccharomyces cerevisiae models, new upcoming Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Candida glabrata and Kluyveromyces lactis yeast models for Aβ and Tau are briefly described. Finally, traditional and more innovative research methodologies, e.g., for studying protein oligomerization/aggregation, are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Seynnaeve
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Mara Del Vecchio
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Gernot Fruhmann
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Joke Verelst
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Melody Cools
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jimmy Beckers
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Daniel P Mulvihill
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, Kent, UK.
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Vanessa Franssens
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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19
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Pérez-Ruiz E, Decrop D, Ven K, Tripodi L, Leirs K, Rosseels J, van de Wouwer M, Geukens N, De Vos A, Vanmechelen E, Winderickx J, Lammertyn J, Spasic D. Digital ELISA for the quantification of attomolar concentrations of Alzheimer's disease biomarker protein Tau in biological samples. Anal Chim Acta 2018. [PMID: 29530254 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The close correlation between Tau pathology and Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression makes this protein a suitable biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring of the disorder evolution. However, the use of Tau in diagnostics has been hampered, as it currently requires collection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is an invasive clinical procedure. Although measuring Tau-levels in blood plasma would be favorable, the concentrations are below the detection limit of a conventional ELISA. In this work, we developed a digital ELISA for the quantification of attomolar protein Tau concentrations in both buffer and biological samples. Individual Tau molecules were first captured on the surface of magnetic particles using in-house developed antibodies and subsequently isolated into the femtoliter-sized wells of a 2 × 2 mm2 microwell array. Combination of high-affinity antibodies, optimal assay conditions and a digital quantification approach resulted in a 24 ± 7 aM limit of detection (LOD) in buffer samples. Additionally, a dynamic range of 6 orders of magnitude was achieved by combining the digital readout with an analogue approach, allowing quantification from attomolar to picomolar levels of Tau using the same platform. This proves the compatibility of the presented assay with the wide range of Tau concentrations encountered in different biological samples. Next, the developed digital assay was applied to detect total Tau levels in spiked blood plasma. A similar LOD (55 ± 29 aM) was obtained compared to the buffer samples, which was 5000-fold more sensitive than commercially available ELISAs and even outperformed previously reported digital assays with 10-fold increase in sensitivity. Finally, the performance of the developed digital ELISA was assessed by quantifying protein Tau in three clinical CSF samples. Here, a high correlation (i.e. Pearson coefficient of 0.99) was found between the measured percentage of active particles and the reference protein Tau values. The presented digital ELISA technology has great capacity in unlocking the potential of Tau as biomarker for early AD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pérez-Ruiz
- Department of Biosystems, MeBioS-Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Deborah Decrop
- Department of Biosystems, MeBioS-Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Ven
- Department of Biosystems, MeBioS-Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lisa Tripodi
- Department of Biosystems, MeBioS-Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Leirs
- Department of Biosystems, MeBioS-Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joelle Rosseels
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Nick Geukens
- PharmAbs, The KU Leuven Antibody Center, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann De Vos
- ADx NeuroSciences, Gent-Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | | | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- Department of Biosystems, MeBioS-Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Dragana Spasic
- Department of Biosystems, MeBioS-Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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20
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Verstrepen KJ, Derdelinckx G, Delvaux FR, Winderickx J, Thevelein JM, Bauer FF, Pretorius IS. Late Fermentation Expression ofFLO1inSaccharomyces Cerevisiae. Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-59-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. J. Verstrepen
- Centre for Malting and Brewing Science, Department of Food and Microbial Technology, K.U. Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, B-3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - G. Derdelinckx
- Centre for Malting and Brewing Science, Department of Food and Microbial Technology, K.U. Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, B-3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - F. R. Delvaux
- Centre for Malting and Brewing Science, Department of Food and Microbial Technology, K.U. Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, B-3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - J. Winderickx
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biology, K.U. Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, B-3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - J. M. Thevelein
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biology, K.U. Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, B-3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - F. F. Bauer
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Wine Biotechnology, University of Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - I. S. Pretorius
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Wine Biotechnology, University of Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
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21
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Guaragnella N, Stirpe M, Burhans W, Côrte-Real M, Gourlay C, Ludovico P, Madeo F, Petranovic D, Winderickx J, Mazzoni C, Giannattasio S. New perspectives from South-Y-East, not all about death. A report of the 12 th lnternational Meeting on Yeast Apoptosis in Bari, Italy, May 14th-18th, 2017. Microb Cell 2018; 5:112-115. [PMID: 29417059 PMCID: PMC5798410 DOI: 10.15698/mic2018.02.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Guaragnella
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, CNR, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariarita Stirpe
- Pasteur Institute-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - William Burhans
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Campbell Gourlay
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dina Petranovic
- Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department for Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Cristina Mazzoni
- Pasteur Institute-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Giannattasio
- Pasteur Institute-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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22
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Deprez MA, Eskes E, Wilms T, Ludovico P, Winderickx J. pH homeostasis links the nutrient sensing PKA/TORC1/Sch9 ménage-à-trois to stress tolerance and longevity. Microb Cell 2018; 5:119-136. [PMID: 29487859 PMCID: PMC5826700 DOI: 10.15698/mic2018.03.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane H+-ATPase Pma1 and the vacuolar V-ATPase act in close harmony to tightly control pH homeostasis, which is essential for a vast number of physiological processes. As these main two regulators of pH are responsive to the nutritional status of the cell, it seems evident that pH homeostasis acts in conjunction with nutrient-induced signalling pathways. Indeed, both PKA and the TORC1-Sch9 axis influence the proton pumping activity of the V-ATPase and possibly also of Pma1. In addition, it recently became clear that the proton acts as a second messenger to signal glucose availability via the V-ATPase to PKA and TORC1-Sch9. Given the prominent role of nutrient signalling in longevity, it is not surprising that pH homeostasis has been linked to ageing and longevity as well. A first indication is provided by acetic acid, whose uptake by the cell induces toxicity and affects longevity. Secondly, vacuolar acidity has been linked to autophagic processes, including mitophagy. In agreement with this, a decline in vacuolar acidity was shown to induce mitochondrial dysfunction and shorten lifespan. In addition, the asymmetric inheritance of Pma1 has been associated with replicative ageing and this again links to repercussions on vacuolar pH. Taken together, accumulating evidence indicates that pH homeostasis plays a prominent role in the determination of ageing and longevity, thereby providing new perspectives and avenues to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elja Eskes
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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23
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Tenreiro S, Franssens V, Winderickx J, Outeiro TF. Yeast models of Parkinson's disease-associated molecular pathologies. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2018; 44:74-83. [PMID: 28232272 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aging of the human population is resulting in an increase in the number of people afflicted by neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), creating tremendous socio-economic challenges. This requires the urgent for the development of effective therapies, and of tools for early diagnosis of the disease. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying PD pathogenesis is still incomplete, hampering progress in those areas. In recent years, the progression made in genetics has considerably contributed to our knowledge, by identifying several novel PD genes. Furthermore, many cellular and animal models have proven their value to decipher pathways involved in PD development. In this review we highlight the value of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model for PD. This unicellular eukaryote has contributed to our understanding of the cellular mechanisms targeted by most important PD genes and offers an excellent tool for discovering novel players via powerful and informative high throughput screens that accelerate further validation in more complex models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tenreiro
- CEDOC-Chronic Diseases Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Franssens
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Tiago Fleming Outeiro
- CEDOC-Chronic Diseases Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
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24
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Carmona-Gutierrez D, Bauer MA, Zimmermann A, Aguilera A, Austriaco N, Ayscough K, Balzan R, Bar-Nun S, Barrientos A, Belenky P, Blondel M, Braun RJ, Breitenbach M, Burhans WC, Büttner S, Cavalieri D, Chang M, Cooper KF, Côrte-Real M, Costa V, Cullin C, Dawes I, Dengjel J, Dickman MB, Eisenberg T, Fahrenkrog B, Fasel N, Fröhlich KU, Gargouri A, Giannattasio S, Goffrini P, Gourlay CW, Grant CM, Greenwood MT, Guaragnella N, Heger T, Heinisch J, Herker E, Herrmann JM, Hofer S, Jiménez-Ruiz A, Jungwirth H, Kainz K, Kontoyiannis DP, Ludovico P, Manon S, Martegani E, Mazzoni C, Megeney LA, Meisinger C, Nielsen J, Nyström T, Osiewacz HD, Outeiro TF, Park HO, Pendl T, Petranovic D, Picot S, Polčic P, Powers T, Ramsdale M, Rinnerthaler M, Rockenfeller P, Ruckenstuhl C, Schaffrath R, Segovia M, Severin FF, Sharon A, Sigrist SJ, Sommer-Ruck C, Sousa MJ, Thevelein JM, Thevissen K, Titorenko V, Toledano MB, Tuite M, Vögtle FN, Westermann B, Winderickx J, Wissing S, Wölfl S, Zhang ZJ, Zhao RY, Zhou B, Galluzzi L, Kroemer G, Madeo F. Guidelines and recommendations on yeast cell death nomenclature. Microb Cell 2018; 5:4-31. [PMID: 29354647 PMCID: PMC5772036 DOI: 10.15698/mic2018.01.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the biology of yeast in its full complexity has major implications for science, medicine and industry. One of the most critical processes determining yeast life and physiology is cel-lular demise. However, the investigation of yeast cell death is a relatively young field, and a widely accepted set of concepts and terms is still missing. Here, we propose unified criteria for the defi-nition of accidental, regulated, and programmed forms of cell death in yeast based on a series of morphological and biochemical criteria. Specifically, we provide consensus guidelines on the differ-ential definition of terms including apoptosis, regulated necrosis, and autophagic cell death, as we refer to additional cell death rou-tines that are relevant for the biology of (at least some species of) yeast. As this area of investigation advances rapidly, changes and extensions to this set of recommendations will be implemented in the years to come. Nonetheless, we strongly encourage the au-thors, reviewers and editors of scientific articles to adopt these collective standards in order to establish an accurate framework for yeast cell death research and, ultimately, to accelerate the pro-gress of this vibrant field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Anna Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrés Aguilera
- Centro Andaluz de Biología, Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Kathryn Ayscough
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rena Balzan
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Shoshana Bar-Nun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Antonio Barrientos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medi-cine, Miami, USA
| | - Peter Belenky
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - Marc Blondel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1078, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, CHRU Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Brest, France
| | - Ralf J. Braun
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - William C. Burhans
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sabrina Büttner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Michael Chang
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katrina F. Cooper
- Dept. Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Stratford, USA
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Vítor Costa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ian Dawes
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Martin B. Dickman
- Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Birthe Fahrenkrog
- Laboratory Biology of the Nucleus, Institute for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Fasel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kai-Uwe Fröhlich
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ali Gargouri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Moléculaire des Eucaryotes, Center de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sergio Giannattasio
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Goffrini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Campbell W. Gourlay
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Chris M. Grant
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael T. Greenwood
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicoletta Guaragnella
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Jürgen Heinisch
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Eva Herker
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Helmut Jungwirth
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Kainz
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis
- Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Minho, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Stéphen Manon
- Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaires, UMR5095, CNRS & Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Enzo Martegani
- Department of Biotechnolgy and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Mazzoni
- Instituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti - Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lynn A. Megeney
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Chris Meisinger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Heinz D. Osiewacz
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tiago F. Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hay-Oak Park
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tobias Pendl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dina Petranovic
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stephane Picot
- Malaria Research Unit, SMITh, ICBMS, UMR 5246 CNRS-INSA-CPE-University Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut of Parasitology and Medical Mycology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Polčic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ted Powers
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mark Ramsdale
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Rinnerthaler
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Division of Genetics, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Patrick Rockenfeller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | | | - Raffael Schaffrath
- Institute of Biology, Division of Microbiology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Maria Segovia
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Fedor F. Severin
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of physico-chemical biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Amir Sharon
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Stephan J. Sigrist
- Institute for Biology/Genetics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Sommer-Ruck
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Maria João Sousa
- Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Johan M. Thevelein
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Karin Thevissen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Michel B. Toledano
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), SBIGEM, CEA-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mick Tuite
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - F.-Nora Vögtle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
| | | | - Stefan Wölfl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecu-lar Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhaojie J. Zhang
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA
| | - Richard Y. Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Bing Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Institute, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
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25
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Eskes E, Deprez MA, Wilms T, Winderickx J. pH homeostasis in yeast; the phosphate perspective. Curr Genet 2017; 64:155-161. [PMID: 28856407 PMCID: PMC5778149 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-017-0743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent research further clarified the molecular mechanisms that link nutrient signaling and pH homeostasis with the regulation of growth and survival of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The central nutrient signaling kinases PKA, TORC1, and Sch9 are intimately associated to pH homeostasis, presumably allowing them to concert far-reaching phenotypical repercussions of nutritional cues. To exemplify such repercussions, we briefly describe consequences for phosphate uptake and signaling and outline interactions between phosphate homeostasis and the players involved in intra- and extracellular pH control. Inorganic phosphate uptake, its subcellular distribution, and its conversion into polyphosphates are dependent on the proton gradients created over different membranes. Conversely, polyphosphate metabolism appears to contribute in determining the intracellular pH. Additionally, inositol pyrophosphates are emerging as potent determinants of growth potential, in this way providing feedback from phosphate metabolism onto the central nutrient signaling kinases. All these data point towards the importance of phosphate metabolism in the reciprocal regulation of nutrient signaling and pH homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elja Eskes
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 box 2433, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Marie-Anne Deprez
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 box 2433, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Tobias Wilms
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 box 2433, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 box 2433, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium.
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26
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Zheng J, Yang J, Choe YJ, Hao X, Cao X, Zhao Q, Zhang Y, Franssens V, Hartl FU, Nyström T, Winderickx J, Liu B. Role of the ribosomal quality control machinery in nucleocytoplasmic translocation of polyQ-expanded huntingtin exon-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:708-717. [PMID: 28864412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The subcellular localization of polyQ-expanded huntingtin exon1 (Httex1) modulates polyQ toxicity in models of Huntington's disease. Using genome-wide screens in a yeast model system, we report that the ribosome quality control (RQC) machinery, recently implicated in neurodegeneration, is a key determinant for the nucleocytoplasmic distribution of Httex1-103Q. Deletion of the RQC genes, LTN1 or RQC1, caused the accumulation of Httex1-103Q in the nucleus through a process that required the CAT-tail tagging activity of Rqc2 and transport via the nuclear pore complex. We provide evidence that nuclear accumulation of Httex1-103Q enhances its cytotoxicity, suggesting that the RQC machinery plays an important role in protecting cells against the adverse effects of polyQ expansion proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-413 90, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Junsheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Young-Jun Choe
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Xinxin Hao
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Xiuling Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Qian Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, 266 New Village West Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuejie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, 266 New Village West Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Vanessa Franssens
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - F Ulrich Hartl
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Beidong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-413 90, Göteborg, Sweden.
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27
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Fruhmann G, Seynnaeve D, Zheng J, Ven K, Molenberghs S, Wilms T, Liu B, Winderickx J, Franssens V. Yeast buddies helping to unravel the complexity of neurodegenerative disorders. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 161:288-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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28
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Eskes E, Wilms T, Winderickx J. Hexokinase 2; Tangled between sphingolipid and sugar metabolism. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:3016-3017. [PMID: 27459680 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1215698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elja Eskes
- a Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven , Heverlee , Belgium
| | - Tobias Wilms
- a Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven , Heverlee , Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- a Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven , Heverlee , Belgium
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Zhao L, Yang Q, Zheng J, Zhu X, Hao X, Song J, Lebacq T, Franssens V, Winderickx J, Nystrom T, Liu B. A genome-wide imaging-based screening to identify genes involved in synphilin-1 inclusion formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30134. [PMID: 27440388 PMCID: PMC4954962 DOI: 10.1038/srep30134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Synphilin-1 is a major component of Parkinson's disease (PD) inclusion bodies implicated in PD pathogenesis. However, the machinery controlling synphilin-1 inclusion formation remains unclear. Here, we investigated synphilin-1 inclusion formation using a systematic genome-wide, high-content imaging based screening approach (HCI) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By combining with a secondary screening for mutants showing significant changes on fluorescence signal intensity, we filtered out hits that significantly decreased the expression level of synphilin-1. We found 133 yeast genes that didn't affect synphilin-1 expression but that were required for the formation of synphilin-1 inclusions. Functional enrichment and physical interaction network analysis revealed these genes to encode for functions involved in cytoskeleton organization, histone modification, sister chromatid segregation, glycolipid biosynthetic process, DNA repair and replication. All hits were confirmed by conventional microscopy. Complementation assays were performed with a selected group of mutants, results indicated that the observed phenotypic changes in synphilin-1 inclusion formation were directly caused by the loss of corresponding genes of the deletion mutants. Further growth assays of these mutants showed a significant synthetic sick effect upon synphilin-1 expression, which supports the hypothesis that matured inclusions represent an end stage of several events meant to protect cells against the synphilin-1 cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ju Zheng
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Xinxin Hao
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jia Song
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Tom Lebacq
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Franssens
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Thomas Nystrom
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Beidong Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
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Deroover S, Ghillebert R, Broeckx T, Winderickx J, Rolland F. Trehalose-6-phosphate synthesis controls yeast gluconeogenesis downstream and independent of SNF1. FEMS Yeast Res 2016; 16:fow036. [PMID: 27189362 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fow036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalose-6-P (T6P), an intermediate of trehalose biosynthesis, was identified as an important regulator of yeast sugar metabolism and signaling. tps1Δ mutants, deficient in T6P synthesis (TPS), are unable to grow on rapidly fermentable medium with uncontrolled influx in glycolysis, depletion of ATP and accumulation of sugar phosphates. However, the exact molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We show that SNF1 deletion restores the tps1Δ growth defect on glucose, suggesting that lack of TPS hampers inactivation of SNF1 or SNF1-regulated processes. In addition to alternative, non-fermentable carbon metabolism, SNF1 controls two major processes: respiration and gluconeogenesis. The tps1Δ defect appears to be specifically associated with deficient inhibition of gluconeogenesis, indicating more downstream effects. Consistently, Snf1 dephosphorylation and inactivation on glucose medium are not affected, as confirmed with an in vivo Snf1 activity reporter. Detailed analysis shows that gluconeogenic Pck1 and Fbp1 expression, protein levels and activity are not repressed upon glucose addition to tps1Δ cells, suggesting a link between the metabolic defect and persistent gluconeogenesis. While SNF1 is essential for induction of gluconeogenesis, T6P/TPS is required for inactivation of gluconeogenesis in the presence of glucose, downstream and independent of SNF1 activity and the Cat8 and Sip4 transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Deroover
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ruben Ghillebert
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Broeckx
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filip Rolland
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Van Rossom S, Op de Beeck K, Hristovska V, Winderickx J, Van Camp G. The deafness gene DFNA5 induces programmed cell death through mitochondria and MAPK-related pathways. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:231. [PMID: 26236191 PMCID: PMC4504148 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death exists in many different forms. Some are accidental, but most of them have some kind of regulation and are called programmed cell death. Programmed cell death (PCD) is a very diverse and complex mechanism and must be tightly regulated. This study investigated PCD induced by DFNA5, a gene responsible for autosomal dominant hearing loss (HL) and a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) involved in frequent forms of cancer. Mutations in DFNA5 lead to exon 8 skipping and result in HL in several families. Expression of mutant DFNA5, a cDNA construct where exon 8 is deleted, was linked to PCD both in human cell lines and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To further investigate the cell death mechanism induced by mutant DFNA5, we performed a microarray study in both models. We used wild-type DFNA5, which does not induce cell death, as a reference. Our data showed that the yeast pathways related to mitochondrial ATP-coupled electron transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation and energy metabolism were up-regulated, while in human cell lines, MAP kinase-related activity was up-regulated. Inhibition of this pathway was able to partially attenuate the resulting cell death induced by mutant DFNA5 in human cell lines. In yeast, the association with mitochondria was demonstrated by up-regulation of several cytochrome c oxidase (COX) genes involved in the cellular oxidative stress production. Both models show a down-regulation of protein sorting- and folding-related mechanisms suggesting an additional role for the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The exact relationship between ER and mitochondria in DFNA5-induced cell death remains unknown at this moment, but these results suggest a potential link between the two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Van Rossom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp Antwerp, Belgium ; Functional Biology, Department of Biology KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Ken Op de Beeck
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vesna Hristovska
- Functional Biology, Department of Biology KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Functional Biology, Department of Biology KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Guy Van Camp
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp Antwerp, Belgium
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D'hooge P, Coun C, Van Eyck V, Faes L, Ghillebert R, Mariën L, Winderickx J, Callewaert G. Ca(2+) homeostasis in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Impact of ER/Golgi Ca(2+) storage. Cell Calcium 2015; 58:226-35. [PMID: 26055636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Yeast has proven to be a powerful tool to elucidate the molecular aspects of several biological processes in higher eukaryotes. As in mammalian cells, yeast intracellular Ca(2+) signalling is crucial for a myriad of biological processes. Yeast cells also bear homologs of the major components of the Ca(2+) signalling toolkit in mammalian cells, including channels, co-transporters and pumps. Using yeast single- and multiple-gene deletion strains of various plasma membrane and organellar Ca(2+) transporters, combined with manipulations to estimate intracellular Ca(2+) storage, we evaluated the contribution of individual transport systems to intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis. Yeast strains lacking Pmr1 and/or Cod1, two ion pumps implicated in ER/Golgi Ca(2+) homeostasis, displayed a fragmented vacuolar phenotype and showed increased vacuolar Ca(2+) uptake and Ca(2+) influx across the plasma membrane. In the pmr1Δ strain, these effects were insensitive to calcineurin activity, independent of Cch1/Mid1 Ca(2+) channels and Pmc1 but required Vcx1. By contrast, in the cod1Δ strain increased vacuolar Ca(2+) uptake was not affected by Vcx1 deletion but was largely dependent on Pmc1 activity. Our analysis further corroborates the distinct roles of Vcx1 and Pmc1 in vacuolar Ca(2+) uptake and point to the existence of not-yet identified Ca(2+) influx pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra D'hooge
- The Yeast Hub Lab, KU Leuven, Campus Kulak, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Catherina Coun
- Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Vincent Van Eyck
- The Yeast Hub Lab, KU Leuven, Campus Kulak, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Faes
- The Yeast Hub Lab, KU Leuven, Campus Kulak, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Ruben Ghillebert
- Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Lore Mariën
- The Yeast Hub Lab, KU Leuven, Campus Kulak, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
| | - Geert Callewaert
- The Yeast Hub Lab, KU Leuven, Campus Kulak, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
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De Vos A, Bynens T, Rosseels J, Coun C, Ring J, Madeo F, Galas MC, Winderickx J, Franssens V. The peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase Pin1/Ess1 inhibits phosphorylation and toxicity of tau in a yeast model for Alzheimer’s disease. AIMS Molecular Science 2015. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2015.2.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Rosseels J, Van den Brande J, Violet M, Jacobs D, Grognet P, Lopez J, Huvent I, Caldara M, Swinnen E, Papegaey A, Caillierez R, Buée-Scherrer V, Engelborghs S, Lippens G, Colin M, Buée L, Galas MC, Vanmechelen E, Winderickx J. Tau monoclonal antibody generation based on humanized yeast models: impact on Tau oligomerization and diagnostics. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:4059-74. [PMID: 25540200 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.627919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A link between Tau phosphorylation and aggregation has been shown in different models for Alzheimer disease, including yeast. We used human Tau purified from yeast models to generate new monoclonal antibodies, of which three were further characterized. The first antibody, ADx201, binds the Tau proline-rich region independently of the phosphorylation status, whereas the second, ADx215, detects an epitope formed by the Tau N terminus when Tau is not phosphorylated at Tyr(18). For the third antibody, ADx210, the binding site could not be determined because its epitope is probably conformational. All three antibodies stained tangle-like structures in different brain sections of THY-Tau22 transgenic mice and Alzheimer patients, and ADx201 and ADx210 also detected neuritic plaques in the cortex of the patient brains. In hippocampal homogenates from THY-Tau22 mice and cortex homogenates obtained from Alzheimer patients, ADx215 consistently stained specific low order Tau oligomers in diseased brain, which in size correspond to Tau dimers. ADx201 and ADx210 additionally reacted to higher order Tau oligomers and presumed prefibrillar structures in the patient samples. Our data further suggest that formation of the low order Tau oligomers marks an early disease stage that is initiated by Tau phosphorylation at N-terminal sites. Formation of higher order oligomers appears to require additional phosphorylation in the C terminus of Tau. When used to assess Tau levels in human cerebrospinal fluid, the antibodies permitted us to discriminate patients with Alzheimer disease or other dementia like vascular dementia, indicative that these antibodies hold promising diagnostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Rosseels
- From Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 Box 2433, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jeff Van den Brande
- From Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 Box 2433, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium, ADx NeuroSciences NV, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 4, 9052 Ghent, Belgium, Fujirebio Europe, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 6, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marie Violet
- INSERM, UMR1172, JPArc, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Rue Polonovski, 59045 Lille, France, the Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France, the Memory Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Dirk Jacobs
- ADx NeuroSciences NV, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 4, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pierre Grognet
- Fujirebio Europe, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 6, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Juan Lopez
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France, CNRS, UMR8576 Structural and Functional Glycobiology, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Isabelle Huvent
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France, CNRS, UMR8576 Structural and Functional Glycobiology, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Marina Caldara
- From Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 Box 2433, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Erwin Swinnen
- From Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 Box 2433, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Anthony Papegaey
- INSERM, UMR1172, JPArc, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Rue Polonovski, 59045 Lille, France, the Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France, the Memory Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Raphaëlle Caillierez
- INSERM, UMR1172, JPArc, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Rue Polonovski, 59045 Lille, France, the Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France, the Memory Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Valerie Buée-Scherrer
- INSERM, UMR1172, JPArc, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Rue Polonovski, 59045 Lille, France, the Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France, the Memory Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- the Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium, and the Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA) Middelheim and Hoge Beuken, 2660 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guy Lippens
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France, CNRS, UMR8576 Structural and Functional Glycobiology, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Morvane Colin
- INSERM, UMR1172, JPArc, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Rue Polonovski, 59045 Lille, France, the Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France, the Memory Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- INSERM, UMR1172, JPArc, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Rue Polonovski, 59045 Lille, France, the Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France, the Memory Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Marie-Christine Galas
- INSERM, UMR1172, JPArc, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Rue Polonovski, 59045 Lille, France, the Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France, the Memory Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Eugeen Vanmechelen
- ADx NeuroSciences NV, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 4, 9052 Ghent, Belgium,
| | - Joris Winderickx
- From Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 Box 2433, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium,
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Sánchez-Rodríguez A, Tytgat HLP, Winderickx J, Vanderleyden J, Lebeer S, Marchal K. A network-based approach to identify substrate classes of bacterial glycosyltransferases. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:349. [PMID: 24885406 PMCID: PMC4039749 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial interactions with the environment- and/or host largely depend on the bacterial glycome. The specificities of a bacterial glycome are largely determined by glycosyltransferases (GTs), the enzymes involved in transferring sugar moieties from an activated donor to a specific substrate. Of these GTs their coding regions, but mainly also their substrate specificity are still largely unannotated as most sequence-based annotation flows suffer from the lack of characterized sequence motifs that can aid in the prediction of the substrate specificity. Results In this work, we developed an analysis flow that uses sequence-based strategies to predict novel GTs, but also exploits a network-based approach to infer the putative substrate classes of these predicted GTs. Our analysis flow was benchmarked with the well-documented GT-repertoire of Campylobacter jejuni NCTC 11168 and applied to the probiotic model Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG to expand our insights in the glycosylation potential of this bacterium. In L. rhamnosus GG we could predict 48 GTs of which eight were not previously reported. For at least 20 of these GTs a substrate relation was inferred. Conclusions We confirmed through experimental validation our prediction of WelI acting upstream of WelE in the biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides. We further hypothesize to have identified in L. rhamnosus GG the yet undiscovered genes involved in the biosynthesis of glucose-rich glycans and novel GTs involved in the glycosylation of proteins. Interestingly, we also predict GTs with well-known functions in peptidoglycan synthesis to also play a role in protein glycosylation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-349) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, box 2460, Leuven B-3001, Belgium.
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Dujardin S, Lécolle K, Caillierez R, Bégard S, Zommer N, Lachaud C, Carrier S, Dufour N, Aurégan G, Winderickx J, Hantraye P, Déglon N, Colin M, Buée L. Neuron-to-neuron wild-type Tau protein transfer through a trans-synaptic mechanism: relevance to sporadic tauopathies. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2014; 2:14. [PMID: 24479894 PMCID: PMC3922636 DOI: 10.1186/2051-5960-2-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In sporadic Tauopathies, neurofibrillary degeneration (NFD) is characterised by the intraneuronal aggregation of wild-type Tau proteins. In the human brain, the hierarchical pathways of this neurodegeneration have been well established in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other sporadic tauopathies such as argyrophilic grain disorder and progressive supranuclear palsy but the molecular and cellular mechanisms supporting this progression are yet not known. These pathways appear to be associated with the intercellular transmission of pathology, as recently suggested in Tau transgenic mice. However, these conclusions remain ill-defined due to a lack of toxicity data and difficulties associated with the use of mutant Tau. Results Using a lentiviral-mediated rat model of hippocampal NFD, we demonstrated that wild-type human Tau protein is axonally transferred from ventral hippocampus neurons to connected secondary neurons even at distant brain areas such as olfactory and limbic systems indicating a trans-synaptic protein transfer. Using different immunological tools to follow phospho-Tau species, it was clear that Tau pathology generated using mutated Tau remains near the IS whereas it spreads much further using the wild-type one. Conclusion Taken together, these results support a novel mechanism for Tau protein transfer compared to previous reports based on transgenic models with mutant cDNA. It also demonstrates that mutant Tau proteins are not suitable for the development of experimental models helpful to validate therapeutic intervention interfering with Tau spreading.
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Swinnen E, Wilms T, Idkowiak-Baldys J, Smets B, De Snijder P, Accardo S, Ghillebert R, Thevissen K, Cammue B, De Vos D, Bielawski J, Hannun YA, Winderickx J. The protein kinase Sch9 is a key regulator of sphingolipid metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 25:196-211. [PMID: 24196832 PMCID: PMC3873890 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-06-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids play crucial roles in the determination of growth and survival of eukaryotic cells. The budding yeast protein kinase Sch9 is not only an effector, but also a regulator of sphingolipid metabolism. This new function provides a crucial link between nutrient and sphingolipid signaling. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein kinase Sch9 is an in vitro and in vivo effector of sphingolipid signaling. This study examines the link between Sch9 and sphingolipid metabolism in S. cerevisiae in vivo based on the observation that the sch9Δ mutant displays altered sensitivity to different inhibitors of sphingolipid metabolism, namely myriocin and aureobasidin A. Sphingolipid profiling indicates that sch9Δ cells have increased levels of long-chain bases and long-chain base-1 phosphates, decreased levels of several species of (phyto)ceramides, and altered ratios of complex sphingolipids. We show that the target of rapamycin complex 1–Sch9 signaling pathway functions to repress the expression of the ceramidase genes YDC1 and YPC1, thereby revealing, for the first time in yeast, a nutrient-dependent transcriptional mechanism involved in the regulation of sphingolipid metabolism. In addition, we establish that Sch9 affects the activity of the inositol phosphosphingolipid phospholipase C, Isc1, which is required for ceramide production by hydrolysis of complex sphingolipids. Given that sphingolipid metabolites play a crucial role in the regulation of stress tolerance and longevity of yeast cells, our data provide a model in which Sch9 regulates the latter phenotypes by acting not only as an effector but also as a regulator of sphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Swinnen
- Functional Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29403
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Swinnen E, Ghillebert R, Wilms T, Winderickx J. Molecular mechanisms linking the evolutionary conserved TORC1-Sch9 nutrient signalling branch to lifespan regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 2013; 14:17-32. [PMID: 24102693 DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The knowledge on the molecular aspects regulating ageing in eukaryotic organisms has benefitted greatly from studies using the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Indeed, many aspects involved in the control of lifespan appear to be well conserved among species. Of these, the lifespan-extending effects of calorie restriction (CR) and downregulation of nutrient signalling through the target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway are prime examples. Here, we present an overview on the molecular mechanisms by which these interventions mediate lifespan extension in yeast. Several models have been proposed in the literature, which should be seen as complementary, instead of contradictory. Results indicate that CR mediates a large amount of its effect by downregulating signalling through the TORC1-Sch9 branch. In addition, we note that Sch9 is more than solely a downstream effector of TORC1, and documented connections with sphingolipid metabolism may be particularly interesting for future research on ageing mechanisms. As Sch9 comprises the yeast orthologue of the mammalian PKB/Akt and S6K1 kinases, future studies in yeast may continue to serve as an attractive model to elucidate conserved mechanisms involved in ageing and age-related diseases in humans.
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Buee L, Dujardin S, Bégard S, Raphaëlle C, Lécolle K, Dufour N, Auregan G, Winderickx J, Philippe H, Deglon N, Colin M. O1–07–05:
In vivo
tau spreading relies on the transsynaptic transfer of soluble wild‐type tau species. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.04.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luc Buee
- Université Lille 2‐Inserm UMR 837 Lille France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicole Deglon
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois Lausanne Switzerland
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Sampaio-Marques B, Felgueiras C, Silva A, Rodrigues M, Tenreiro S, Franssens V, Reichert AS, Outeiro TF, Winderickx J, Ludovico P. SNCA (α-synuclein)-induced toxicity in yeast cells is dependent on sirtuin 2 (Sir2)-mediated mitophagy. Autophagy 2012; 8:1494-509. [PMID: 22914317 DOI: 10.4161/auto.21275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
SNCA (α-synuclein) misfolding and aggregation is strongly associated with both idiopathic and familial forms of Parkinson disease (PD). Evidence suggests that SNCA has an impact on cell clearance routes and protein quality control systems such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy. Recent advances in the key role of the autosomal recessive PARK2/PARKIN and PINK1 genes in mitophagy, highlighted this process as a prominent new pathogenic mechanism. Nevertheless, the role of autophagy/mitophagy in the pathogenesis of sporadic and autosomal dominant familial forms of PD is still enigmatic. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a powerful "empty room" model that has been exploited to clarify different molecular aspects associated with SNCA toxicity, which combines the advantage of being an established system for aging research. The contribution of autophagy/mitophagy for the toxicity induced by the heterologous expression of the human wild-type SNCA gene and the clinical A53T mutant during yeast chronological life span (CLS) was explored. A reduced CLS together with an increase of autophagy and mitophagy activities were observed in cells expressing both forms of SNCA. Impairment of mitophagy by deletion of ATG11 or ATG32 resulted in a CLS extension, further implicating mitophagy in the SNCA toxicity. Deletion of SIR2, essential for SNCA toxicity, abolished autophagy and mitophagy, thereby rescuing cells. These data show that Sir2 functions as a regulator of autophagy, like its mammalian homolog, SIRT1, but also of mitophagy. Our work highlights that increased mitophagy activity, mediated by the regulation of ATG32 by Sir2, is an important phenomenon linked to SNCA-induced toxicity during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belém Sampaio-Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Van Rossom S, Op de Beeck K, Franssens V, Swinnen E, Schepers A, Ghillebert R, Caldara M, Van Camp G, Winderickx J. The splicing mutant of the human tumor suppressor protein DFNA5 induces programmed cell death when expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Front Oncol 2012; 2:77. [PMID: 22848872 PMCID: PMC3404532 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2012.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DFNA5 was first identified as a gene responsible for autosomal dominant deafness. Different mutations were found, but they all resulted in exon 8 skipping during splicing and premature termination of the protein. Later, it became clear that the protein also has a tumor suppression function and that it can induce apoptosis. Epigenetic silencing of the DFNA5 gene is associated with different types of cancers, including gastric and colorectal cancers as well as breast tumors. We introduced the wild-type and mutant DFNA5 allele in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The expression of the wild-type protein was well tolerated by the yeast cells, although the protein was subject of degradation and often deposited in distinct foci when cells entered the diauxic shift. In contrast, cells had problems to cope with mutant DFNA5 and despite an apparent compensatory reduction in expression levels, the mutant protein still triggered a marked growth defect, which in part can be ascribed to its interaction with mitochondria. Consistently, cells with mutant DFNA5 displayed significantly increased levels of ROS and signs of programmed cell death. The latter occurred independently of the yeast caspase, Mca1, but involved the mitochondrial fission protein, Fis1, the voltage-dependent anion channel protein, Por1 and the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocators, Aac1 and Aac3. Recent data proposed DFNA5 toxicity to be associated to a globular domain encoded by exon 2–6. We confirmed these data by showing that expression of solely this domain confers a strong growth phenotype. In addition, we identified a point mutant in this domain that completely abrogated its cytotoxicity in yeast as well as human Human Embryonic Kidney 293T cells (HEK293T). Combined, our data underscore that the yeast system offers a valuable tool to further dissect the apoptotic properties of DFNA5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Van Rossom
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
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Liu B, Larsson L, Franssens V, Hao X, Hill SM, Andersson V, Höglund D, Song J, Yang X, Öling D, Grantham J, Winderickx J, Nyström T. Segregation of protein aggregates involves actin and the polarity machinery. Cell 2012; 147:959-61. [PMID: 22118450 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Carmona-Gutierrez D, Ruckenstuhl C, Bauer MA, Netzberger C, Eisenberg T, Braun RJ, Rockenfeller P, Khoury CM, Moitzi B, Sommer C, Ring J, Schroeder S, Habernig L, Mazzoni C, Winderickx J, Gourlay CW, Madeo F. A new Canterbury tale: the eighth International Meeting on Yeast Apoptosis in Canterbury, UK, 2-6 May 2011. Cell Death Differ 2011; 18:1948-9. [PMID: 21886177 PMCID: PMC3214903 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2011.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Carmona-Gutierrez
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Biochemistry, Technical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Ruckenstuhl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M A Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Netzberger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - T Eisenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - R J Braun
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - P Rockenfeller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C M Khoury
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - B Moitzi
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Sommer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - J Ring
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S Schroeder
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - L Habernig
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Mazzoni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - J Winderickx
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - C W Gourlay
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - F Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Ghillebert R, Swinnen E, Wen J, Vandesteene L, Ramon M, Norga K, Rolland F, Winderickx J. The AMPK/SNF1/SnRK1 fuel gauge and energy regulator: structure, function and regulation. FEBS J 2011; 278:3978-90. [PMID: 21883929 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08315.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
All life forms on earth require a continuous input and monitoring of carbon and energy supplies. The AMP-activated kinase (AMPK)/sucrose non-fermenting1 (SNF1)/Snf1-related kinase1 (SnRK1) protein kinases are evolutionarily conserved metabolic sensors found in all eukaryotic organisms from simple unicellular fungi (yeast SNF1) to animals (AMPK) and plants (SnRK1). Activated by starvation and energy-depleting stress conditions, they enable energy homeostasis and survival by up-regulating energy-conserving and energy-producing catabolic processes, and by limiting energy-consuming anabolic metabolism. In addition, they control normal growth and development as well as metabolic homeostasis at the organismal level. As such, the AMPK/SNF1/SnRK1 kinases act in concert with other central signaling components to control carbohydrate uptake and metabolism, fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis and the storage of carbon energy reserves. Moreover, they have a tremendous impact on developmental processes that are triggered by environmental changes such as nutrient depletion or stress. Although intensive research by many groups has partly unveiled the factors that regulate AMPK/SNF1/SnRK1 kinase activity as well as the pathways and substrates they control, several fundamental issues still await to be clarified. In this review, we will highlight these issues and focus on the structure, function and regulation of the AMPK/SNF1/SnRK1 kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Ghillebert
- Department of Biology, Laboratory for Functional Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
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De Vos A, Anandhakumar J, Van den Brande J, Verduyckt M, Franssens V, Winderickx J, Swinnen E. Yeast as a model system to study tau biology. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 2011:428970. [PMID: 21559193 PMCID: PMC3090044 DOI: 10.4061/2011/428970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperphosphorylated and aggregated human protein tau constitutes a hallmark of a multitude of neurodegenerative diseases called tauopathies, exemplified by Alzheimer's disease. In spite of an enormous amount of research performed on tau biology, several crucial questions concerning the mechanisms of tau toxicity remain unanswered. In this paper we will highlight some of the processes involved in tau biology and pathology, focusing on tau phosphorylation and the interplay with oxidative stress. In addition, we will introduce the development of a human tau-expressing yeast model, and discuss some crucial results obtained in this model, highlighting its potential in the elucidation of cellular processes leading to tau toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann De Vos
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jayamani Anandhakumar
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jeff Van den Brande
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Mathias Verduyckt
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Franssens
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Erwin Swinnen
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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Vanhelmont T, Vandebroek T, De Vos A, Terwel D, Lemaire K, Anandhakumar J, Franssens V, Swinnen E, Van Leuven F, Winderickx J. Serine-409 phosphorylation and oxidative damage define aggregation of human protein tau in yeast. FEMS Yeast Res 2011; 10:992-1005. [PMID: 20662935 DOI: 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2010.00662.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Unraveling the biochemical and genetic alterations that control the aggregation of protein tau is crucial to understand the etiology of tau-related neurodegenerative disorders. We expressed wild type and six clinical frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism (FTDP) mutants of human protein tau in wild-type yeast cells and cells lacking Mds1 or Pho85, the respective orthologues of the tau kinases GSK3β and cdk5. We compared tau phosphorylation with the levels of sarkosyl-insoluble tau (SinT), as a measure for tau aggregation. The deficiency of Pho85 enhanced significantly the phosphorylation of serine-409 (S409) in all tau mutants, which coincided with marked increases in SinT levels. FTDP mutants tau-P301L and tau-R406W were least phosphorylated at S409 and produced the lowest levels of SinT, indicating that S409 phosphorylation is a direct determinant for tau aggregation. This finding was substantiated by the synthetic tau-S409A mutant that failed to produce significant amounts of SinT, while its pseudophosphorylated counterpart tau-S409E yielded SinT levels higher than or comparable to wild-type tau. Furthermore, S409 phosphorylation reduced the binding of protein tau to preformed microtubules. The highest SinT levels were found in yeast cells subjected to oxidative stress and with mitochondrial dysfunction. Under these conditions, the aggregation of tau was enhanced although the protein is less phosphorylated, suggesting that additional mechanisms are involved. Our results validate yeast as a prime model to identify the genetic and biochemical factors that contribute to the pathophysiology of human tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vanhelmont
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Büttner S, Delay C, Franssens V, Bammens T, Ruli D, Zaunschirm S, de Oliveira RM, Outeiro TF, Madeo F, Buée L, Galas MC, Winderickx J. Synphilin-1 enhances α-synuclein aggregation in yeast and contributes to cellular stress and cell death in a Sir2-dependent manner. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13700. [PMID: 21060871 PMCID: PMC2965147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease is characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic inclusions, known as Lewy bodies, containing both aggregated α-synuclein and its interaction partner, synphilin-1. While synphilin-1 is known to accelerate inclusion formation by α-synuclein in mammalian cells, its effect on cytotoxicity remains elusive. Methodology/Principal Findings We expressed wild-type synphilin-1 or its R621C mutant either alone or in combination with α-synuclein in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and monitored the intracellular localization and inclusion formation of the proteins as well as the repercussions on growth, oxidative stress and cell death. We found that wild-type and mutant synphilin-1 formed inclusions and accelerated inclusion formation by α-synuclein in yeast cells, the latter being correlated to enhanced phosphorylation of serine-129. Synphilin-1 inclusions co-localized with lipid droplets and endomembranes. Consistently, we found that wild-type and mutant synphilin-1 interacts with detergent-resistant membrane domains, known as lipid rafts. The expression of synphilin-1 did not incite a marked growth defect in exponential cultures, which is likely due to the formation of aggresomes and the retrograde transport of inclusions from the daughter cells back to the mother cells. However, when the cultures approached stationary phase and during subsequent ageing of the yeast cells, both wild-type and mutant synphilin-1 reduced survival and triggered apoptotic and necrotic cell death, albeit to a different extent. Most interestingly, synphilin-1 did not trigger cytotoxicity in ageing cells lacking the sirtuin Sir2. This indicates that the expression of synphilin-1 in wild-type cells causes the deregulation of Sir2-dependent processes, such as the maintenance of the autophagic flux in response to nutrient starvation. Conclusions/Significance Our findings demonstrate that wild-type and mutant synphilin-1 are lipid raft interacting proteins that form inclusions and accelerate inclusion formation of α-synuclein when expressed in yeast. Synphilin-1 thereby induces cytotoxicity, an effect most pronounced for the wild-type protein and mediated via Sir2-dependent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Büttner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Charlotte Delay
- Functional Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Inserm U837, Lille, France
- Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- Faculté de Médecine-Pole Recherche, Université du Droit et de la Santé de Lille, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Lille, France
| | - Vanessa Franssens
- Functional Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Tine Bammens
- Functional Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Doris Ruli
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Zaunschirm
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rita Machado de Oliveira
- Cell and Molecular Neuroscience Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Fleming Outeiro
- Cell and Molecular Neuroscience Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Luc Buée
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Inserm U837, Lille, France
- Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- Faculté de Médecine-Pole Recherche, Université du Droit et de la Santé de Lille, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Lille, France
| | - Marie-Christine Galas
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Inserm U837, Lille, France
- Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- Faculté de Médecine-Pole Recherche, Université du Droit et de la Santé de Lille, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Lille, France
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Functional Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Dechant R, Binda M, Lee SS, Pelet S, Winderickx J, Peter M. Cytosolic pH is a second messenger for glucose and regulates the PKA pathway through V-ATPase. EMBO J 2010; 29:2515-26. [PMID: 20581803 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2010.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose is the preferred carbon source for most cell types and a major determinant of cell growth. In yeast and certain mammalian cells, glucose activates the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), but the mechanisms of PKA activation remain unknown. Here, we identify cytosolic pH as a second messenger for glucose that mediates activation of the PKA pathway in yeast. We find that cytosolic pH is rapidly and reversibly regulated by glucose metabolism and identify the vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a proton pump required for the acidification of vacuoles, as a sensor of cytosolic pH. V-ATPase assembly is regulated by cytosolic pH and is required for full activation of the PKA pathway in response to glucose, suggesting that it mediates, at least in part, the pH signal to PKA. Finally, V-ATPase is also regulated by glucose in the Min6 beta-cell line and contributes to PKA activation and insulin secretion. Thus, these data suggest a novel and potentially conserved glucose-sensing pathway and identify a mechanism how cytosolic pH can act as a signal to promote cell growth.
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Franssens V, Boelen E, Anandhakumar J, Vanhelmont T, Büttner S, Winderickx J. Yeast unfolds the road map toward α-synuclein-induced cell death. Cell Death Differ 2009; 17:746-53. [DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2009.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Van Dooren T, Coupet K, Gommé E, Duhamel H, Lauwers A, Cuveliers E, Princen K, Bastiaens I, Winderickx J, Rojas de la Parra V, Van der Auwera I, Wera S, Griffloen G. P2.077 First-in-class drugs with neuroprotective potential against Parkinson's disease identifled through biology-driven discovery approach. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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