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Mitchell RA, Luwor RB, Burgess AW. Epidermal growth factor receptor: Structure-function informing the design of anticancer therapeutics. Exp Cell Res 2018; 371:1-19. [PMID: 30098332 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research on the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family and the family of receptors (EGFR) has progressed rapidly in recent times. New crystal structures of the ectodomains with different ligands, the activation of the kinase domain through oligomerisation and the use of fluorescence techniques have revealed profound conformational changes on ligand binding. The control of cell signaling from the EGFR-family is complex, with heterodimerisation, ligand affinity and signaling cross-talk influencing cellular outcomes. Analysis of tissue homeostasis indicates that the control of pro-ligand processing is likely to be as important as receptor activation events. Several members of the EGFR-family are overexpressed and/or mutated in cancer cells. The perturbation of EGFR-family signaling drives the malignant phenotype of many cancers and both inhibitors and antagonists of signaling from these receptors have already produced therapeutic benefits for patients. The design of affibodies, antibodies, small molecule inhibitors and even immunotherapeutic drugs targeting the EGFR-family has yielded promising new approaches to improving outcomes for cancer patients. In this review, we describe recent discoveries which have increased our understanding of the structure and dynamics of signaling from the EGFR-family, the roles of ligand processing and receptor cross-talk. We discuss the relevance of these studies to the development of strategies for designing more effective targeted treatments for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth A Mitchell
- Structural Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Rodney B Luwor
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Antony W Burgess
- Structural Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia.
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Ganipineni LP, Ucakar B, Joudiou N, Bianco J, Danhier P, Zhao M, Bastiancich C, Gallez B, Danhier F, Préat V. Magnetic targeting of paclitaxel-loaded poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid)-based nanoparticles for the treatment of glioblastoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4509-4521. [PMID: 30127603 PMCID: PMC6092128 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s165184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glioblastoma (GBM) therapy is highly challenging, as the tumors are very aggressive due to infiltration into the surrounding normal brain tissue. Even a combination of the available therapeutic regimens may not debulk the tumor completely. GBM tumors are also known for recurrence, resulting in survival rates averaging <18 months. In addition, systemic chemotherapy for GBM has been challenged for its minimal desired therapeutic effects and unwanted side effects. Purpose We hypothesized that paclitaxel (PTX) and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-loaded PEGylated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based nanoparticles (NPs; PTX/SPIO-NPs) can serve as an effective nanocarrier system for magnetic targeting purposes, and we aimed to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of this system in an orthotopic murine GBM model. Materials and methods PTX/SPIO-NPs were prepared by emulsion–diffusion–evaporation method and characterized for physicochemical properties. In vitro cellular uptake of PTX/SPIO-NPs was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and Prussian blue staining. Orthotopic U87MG tumor model was used to evaluate blood–brain barrier disruption using T1 contrast agent, ex vivo biodistribution, in vivo toxicity and in vivo antitumor efficacy of PTX/SPIO-NPs. Results PTX/SPIO-NPs were in the size of 250 nm with negative zeta potential. Qualitative cellular uptake studies showed that the internalization of NPs was concentration dependent. Through magnetic resonance imaging, we observed that the blood–brain barrier was disrupted in the GBM area. An ex vivo biodistribution study showed enhanced accumulation of NPs in the brain of GBM-bearing mice with magnetic targeting. Short-term in vivo safety evaluation showed that the NPs did not induce any systemic toxicity compared with Taxol® (PTX). When tested for in vivo efficacy, the magnetic targeting treatment significantly prolonged the median survival time compared with the passive targeting and control treatments. Conclusion Overall, PTX/SPIO-NPs with magnetic targeting could be considered as an effective anticancer targeting strategy for GBM chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Pallavi Ganipineni
- Université catholique de Louvain, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium,
| | - Bernard Ucakar
- Université catholique de Louvain, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium,
| | - Nicolas Joudiou
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, NEST Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies Platform, Brussels, Belgium
| | - John Bianco
- Université catholique de Louvain, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium,
| | - Pierre Danhier
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, NEST Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies Platform, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- Université catholique de Louvain, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium,
| | - Chiara Bastiancich
- Université catholique de Louvain, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium,
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, NEST Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies Platform, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabienne Danhier
- Université catholique de Louvain, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium,
| | - Véronique Préat
- Université catholique de Louvain, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium,
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Abstract
Gene therapy has emerged as an alternative in the treatment of cancer, particularly in cases of resistance to chemo and radiotherapy. Different approaches to deliver genetic material to tumor tissues have been proposed, including the use of small non-coding RNAs due to their multiple mechanisms of action. However, such promise has shown limits in in vivo application related to RNA's biological instability and stimulation of immunity, urging the development of systems able to overcome those barriers. In this review, we discuss the use of RNA interference in cancer therapy with special attention to the role of siRNA and miRNA and to the challenges of their delivery in vivo. We introduce a promising class of drug delivery system known as micelle-like nanoparticles and explore their synthesis and advantages for gene therapy as well as the recent findings in in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies.
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Tiram G, Ferber S, Ofek P, Eldar-Boock A, Ben-Shushan D, Yeini E, Krivitsky A, Blatt R, Almog N, Henkin J, Amsalem O, Yavin E, Cohen G, Lazarovici P, Lee JS, Ruppin E, Milyavsky M, Grossman R, Ram Z, Calderón M, Haag R, Satchi-Fainaro R. Reverting the molecular fingerprint of tumor dormancy as a therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201701568R. [PMID: 29856660 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701568r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive and invasive brain malignancy with high mortality rates despite current treatment modalities. In this study, we show that a 7-gene signature, previously found to govern the switch of glioblastomas from dormancy to aggressive tumor growth, correlates with improved overall survival of patients with glioblastoma. Using glioblastoma dormancy models, we validated the role of 2 genes from the signature, thrombospondin-1 ( TSP-1) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR), as regulators of glioblastoma dormancy and explored their therapeutic potential. EGFR up-regulation was reversed using EGFR small interfering RNA polyplex, antibody, or small-molecule inhibitor. The diminished function of TSP-1 was augmented via a peptidomimetic. The combination of EGFR inhibition and TSP-1 restoration led to enhanced therapeutic efficacy in vitro, in 3-dimensional patient-derived spheroids, and in a subcutaneous human glioblastoma model in vivo. Systemic administration of the combination therapy to mice bearing intracranial murine glioblastoma resulted in marginal therapeutic outcomes, probably due to brain delivery challenges, p53 mutation status, and the aggressive nature of the selected cell line. Nevertheless, this study provides a proof of concept for exploiting regulators of tumor dormancy for glioblastoma therapy. This therapeutic strategy can be exploited for future investigations using a variety of therapeutic entities that manipulate the expression of dormancy-associated genes in glioblastoma as well as in other cancer types.-Tiram, G., Ferber, S., Ofek, P., Eldar-Boock, A., Ben-Shushan, D., Yeini, E., Krivitsky, A., Blatt, R., Almog, N., Henkin, J., Amsalem, O., Yavin, E., Cohen, G., Lazarovici, P., Lee, J. S., Ruppin, E., Milyavsky, M., Grossman, R., Ram, Z., Calderón, M., Haag, R., Satchi-Fainaro, R. Reverting the molecular fingerprint of tumor dormancy as a therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galia Tiram
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shiran Ferber
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Paula Ofek
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Eldar-Boock
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dikla Ben-Shushan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eilam Yeini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adva Krivitsky
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roni Blatt
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nava Almog
- Center of Cancer Systems Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jack Henkin
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Orit Amsalem
- School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eylon Yavin
- School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gadi Cohen
- School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Philip Lazarovici
- School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Joo Sang Lee
- Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Blavatnik School of Computer Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Milyavsky
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rachel Grossman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zvi Ram
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neurosciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Shevtsov M, Nikolaev B, Marchenko Y, Yakovleva L, Skvortsov N, Mazur A, Tolstoy P, Ryzhov V, Multhoff G. Targeting experimental orthotopic glioblastoma with chitosan-based superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (CS-DX-SPIONs). Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:1471-1482. [PMID: 29559776 PMCID: PMC5856030 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s152461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma is the most devastating primary brain tumor of the central nervous system in adults. Magnetic nanocarriers may help not only for a targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents into the tumor site but also provide contrast enhancing properties for diagnostics using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods Synthesized hybrid chitosan-dextran superparamagnetic nanoparticles (CS-DX-SPIONs) were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and relaxometry studies. Nonlinear magnetic response measurements were employed for confirming the superparamagnetic state of particles. Following in vitro analysis of nanoparticles cellular uptake tumor targeting was assessed in the model of the orthotopic glioma in rodents. Results CS-DX-SPIONs nanoparticles showed a uniform diameter of 55 nm under TEM and superparamagentic characteristics as determined by T1 (spin-lattice relaxation time) and T2 (spin-spin relaxation time) proton relaxation times. Application of the chitosan increased the charge from +8.9 to +19.3 mV of the dextran-based SPIONs. The nonlinear magnetic response at second harmonic of CS-DX-SPIONs following the slow change of stationary magnetic fields with very low hysteresis evidenced superparamagnetic state of particles at ambient temperatures. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry studies showed an enhanced internalization of the chitosan-based nanoparticles in U87, C6 glioma and HeLa cells as compared to dextran-coated particles. Cytotoxicity assay demonstrated acceptable toxicity profile of the synthesized nanoparticles up to a concentration of 10 μg/ml. Intravenously administered CS-DX-SPIONs in orthotopic C6 gliomas in rats accumulated in the tumor site as shown by high-resolution MRI (11.0 T). Retention of nanoparticles resulted in a significant contrast enhancement of the tumor image that was accompanied with a dramatic drop in T2 values (P<0.001). Subsequent histological studies proved the accumulation of the nanoparticles inside glioblastoma cells. Conclusion Hybrid chitosan-dextran magnetic particles demonstrated high MR contrast enhancing properties for the delineation of the brain tumor. Due to a significant retention of the particles in the tumor an application of the CS-DX-SPIONs could not only improve the tumor imaging but also could allow a targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Shevtsov
- Department of Cell Biotechnology, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Radiation Immuno Oncology, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biotechnology, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Polenov Russian Scientific Research Institute of Neurosurgery, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Boris Nikolaev
- Department of Nanomedicine, Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Marchenko
- Department of Nanomedicine, Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ludmila Yakovleva
- Department of Nanomedicine, Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nikita Skvortsov
- Department of Nanomedicine, Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anton Mazur
- Department of NMR, Saint Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Peter Tolstoy
- Department of NMR, Saint Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Ryzhov
- Department of NMR, NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Immuno Oncology, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
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Resende FFB, Titze-de-Almeida SS, Titze-de-Almeida R. Function of neuronal nitric oxide synthase enzyme in temozolomide-induced damage of astrocytic tumor cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:4891-4899. [PMID: 29552127 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytic tumors, including astrocytomas and glioblastomas, are the most common type of primary brain tumors. Treatment for glioblastomas includes radiotherapy, chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ) and surgical ablation. Despite certain therapeutic advances, the survival time of patients is no longer than 12-14 months. Cancer cells overexpress the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). In the present study, it was examined whether the nNOS enzyme serves a role in the damage of astrocytoma (U251MG and U138MG) and glioblastoma (U87MG) cells caused by TMZ. First, TMZ (250 µM) triggered an increase in oxidative stress at 2, 48 and 72 h in the U87MG, U251MG and U138MG cell lines, as revealed by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate assay. The drug also reduced cell viability, as measured by MTT assay. U87MG cells presented a more linear decline in cell viability at time-points 2, 48 and 72 h, compared with the U251MG and U138MG cell lines. The peak of oxidative stress occurred at 48 h. To examine the role of NOS enzymes in the cell damage caused by TMZ, N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) were used. L-NAME increased the cell damage caused by TMZ while reducing the oxidative stress at 48 h. The preferential nNOS inhibitor 7-NI also improved the TMZ effects. It caused a 12.8% decrease in the viability of TMZ-injured cells. Indeed, 7-NI was more effective than L-NAME in restraining the increase in oxidative stress triggered by TMZ. Silencing nNOS with a synthetic small interfering (si)RNA (siRNAnNOShum_4400) increased by 20% the effects of 250 µM of TMZ on cell viability (P<0.05). Hoechst 33342 nuclear staining confirmed that nNOS knock-down enhanced TMZ injury. In conclusion, our data reveal that nNOS enzymes serve a role in the damage produced by TMZ on astrocytoma and glioblastoma cells. RNA interference with nNOS merits further studies in animal models to disclose its potential use in brain tumor anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Francisco Borges Resende
- Technology for Gene Therapy Laboratory, Central Institute of Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Simoneide Souza Titze-de-Almeida
- Technology for Gene Therapy Laboratory, Central Institute of Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Titze-de-Almeida
- Technology for Gene Therapy Laboratory, Central Institute of Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
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57
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Chou SY, Yen SL, Huang CC, Huang EY. Galectin-1 is a poor prognostic factor in patients with glioblastoma multiforme after radiotherapy. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:105. [PMID: 29378529 PMCID: PMC5789739 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4025-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Galectin-1, a radioresistance marker, was found in our previous study to be a prognostic factor for cervical cancer. The aim of current study is to determine the prognostic significance of the galectin-1 expression level in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). Methods We included 45 patients with GBM who were treated with maximal safe surgical resection or biopsy alone followed by adjuvant RT of EQD2 (equivalent dose in 2-Gy fractions) > or = 60 Gy for homogeneous treatment. Paraffin-embedded tissues acquired from the Department of Pathology were analyzed using immunohistochemical staining for galectin-1 expression. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Results Patients with weak expression had a better median survival (27.9 months) than did those with strong expression (10.7 months; p = 0.009). We compared characteristics between weak and strong galectin-1 expression, and only the expression level of galectin-3 showed a correlation. The group with weak galectin-1 expression displayed a 3-year OS of 27.3% and a 3-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) of 27.3%; these values were only 5.9% and 7.6%, respectively, in the group with strong galectin-1 expression (p = 0.009 and 0.020, respectively). Cox regression was used to confirm that the expression level of galectin-1 (weak vs. strong) is a significant factor of OS (p = 0.020) and CSS (p = 0.022). Other parameters, such as the expression level of galectin-3, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance, gender, surgical method, age ≥ 50 years, tumor size, or radiation field were not significant factors. Conclusion The expression level of galectin-1 affects survival in patients with GBM treated with adjuvant RT. Future studies are required to analyze the effect of other factors, such as O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)-promoter methylation status, in patients with weak and strong galectin-1 expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4025-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Yu Chou
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song Dist, Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Lun Yen
- Department of Pathology, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, No. 66, Sec.2, Changhe Road, Annan Dist, Tainan City, 709, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Hospital, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song Dist, Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Eng-Yen Huang
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song Dist, Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, No. 123, Xiafei Rd., Haicang District, Fujian, China. .,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, Taiwan. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song Dist, Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan.
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Zarredar H, Ansarin K, Baradaran B, Ahdi Khosroshahi S, Farajnia S. Potential Molecular Targets in the Treatment of Lung Cancer Using siRNA Technology. Cancer Invest 2018; 36:37-58. [DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2017.1416393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Habib Zarredar
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khalil Ansarin
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Safar Farajnia
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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59
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Chen Z, Zheng Y, Shi Y, Cui Z. Overcoming tumor cell chemoresistance using nanoparticles: lysosomes are beneficial for (stearoyl) gemcitabine-incorporated solid lipid nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:319-336. [PMID: 29391792 PMCID: PMC5768424 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s149196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, chemotherapy using cytotoxic agents remains an indispensable modality in cancer treatment. Recently, there has been a growing emphasis in using nanomedicine in cancer chemotherapy, and several nanomedicines have already been used clinically to treat cancers. There is evidence that formulating small molecular cancer chemotherapeutic agents into nanomedicines significantly modifies their pharmacokinetics and often improves their efficacy. Importantly, cancer cells often develop resistance to chemotherapy, and formulating anticancer drugs into nanomedicines also helps overcome chemoresistance. In this review, we briefly describe the different classes of cancer chemotherapeutic agents, their mechanisms of action and resistance, and evidence of overcoming the resistance using nanomedicines. We then emphasize on gemcitabine and our experience in discovering the unique (stearoyl) gemcitabine solid lipid nanoparticles that are effective against tumor cells resistant to gemcitabine and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. It seems that lysosomes, which are an obstacle in the delivery of many drugs, are actually beneficial for our (stearoyl) gemcitabine solid lipid nanoparticles to overcome tumor cell resistance to gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zheng
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yanchun Shi
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Tezgel Ö, Szarpak-Jankowska A, Arnould A, Auzély-Velty R, Texier I. Chitosan-lipid nanoparticles (CS-LNPs): Application to siRNA delivery. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 510:45-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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61
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Aigner A, Kögel D. Nanoparticle/siRNA-based therapy strategies in glioma: which nanoparticles, which siRNAs? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 13:89-103. [PMID: 29199893 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicines allow for the delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that are otherwise barely suitable as therapeutics for inducing RNA interference (RNAi). In preclinical studies on siRNA-based glioma treatment in vivo, various groups of nanoparticle systems, routes of administration and target genes have been explored. Targeted delivery by functionalization of nanoparticles with a ligand for crossing the blood-brain barrier and/or for enhanced target cell transfection has been described as well. Focusing on nanoparticle developments in the last approximately 10 years, this review article gives a comprehensive overview of nanoparticle systems for siRNA delivery into glioma and of preclinical in vivo studies. Furthermore, it discusses various target genes and highlights promising strategies with regard to target gene selection and combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Donat Kögel
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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62
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Panek WK, Khan OF, Yu D, Lesniak MS. Multiplexed nanomedicine for brain tumors: nanosized Hercules to tame our Lernaean Hydra inside? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:2435-2439. [PMID: 28971724 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech K Panek
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Research Institute, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Omar F Khan
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Harvard MIT Division of Health Science & Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Dou Yu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Research Institute, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Maciej S Lesniak
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Research Institute, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Játiva P, Ceña V. Use of nanoparticles for glioblastoma treatment: a new approach. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:2533-2554. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a very aggressive CNS tumor with poor prognosis. Current treatment lacks efficacy indicating that new therapeutic approaches are needed. One of these new approaches is based on the use of nanoparticles (NPs) to deliver different cargos (antitumoral drugs or genetic materials) to tumoral cells. This review covers the signaling pathways altered in GBM cells to understand the rationale behind choosing new therapeutic targets and recent advances in the use of different NPs to deliver to GBM cells, both in vitro and in vivo, different therapeutic molecules. A special focus is placed on the effect of NPs on orthotopic brain tumors since this animal model represents the optimal model for translational purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Játiva
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentín Ceña
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Bastiancich C, Bianco J, Vanvarenberg K, Ucakar B, Joudiou N, Gallez B, Bastiat G, Lagarce F, Préat V, Danhier F. Injectable nanomedicine hydrogel for local chemotherapy of glioblastoma after surgical resection. J Control Release 2017; 264:45-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Seo YE, Bu T, Saltzman WM. Nanomaterials for convection-enhanced delivery of agents to treat brain tumors. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2017; 4:1-12. [PMID: 29333521 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials represent a promising and versatile platform for the delivery of therapeutics to the brain. Treatment of brain tumors has been a long-standing challenge in the field of neuro-oncology. The current standard of care - a multimodal approach of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy - yields only a modest therapeutic benefit for patients with malignant gliomas. A major obstacle for treatment is the failure to achieve sufficient delivery of therapeutics at the tumor site. Recent advances in local drug delivery techniques, along with the development of highly effective brain-penetrating nanocarriers, have significantly improved treatment and imaging of brain tumors in preclinical studies. The major advantage of this combined strategy is the ability to optimize local therapy, by maintaining an effective and sustained concentration of therapeutics in the brain with minimal systemic toxicity. This review highlights some of the latest developments, significant advancements and current challenges in local delivery of nanomaterials for the treatment of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Eun Seo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Tom Bu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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66
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Multiplexed RNAi therapy against brain tumor-initiating cells via lipopolymeric nanoparticle infusion delays glioblastoma progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E6147-E6156. [PMID: 28696296 PMCID: PMC5544292 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701911114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs) have been identified as key contributors to therapy resistance, recurrence, and progression of diffuse gliomas, particularly glioblastoma (GBM). BTICs are elusive therapeutic targets that reside across the blood-brain barrier, underscoring the urgent need to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Additionally, intratumoral heterogeneity and adaptations to therapeutic pressure by BTICs impede the discovery of effective anti-BTIC therapies and limit the efficacy of individual gene targeting. Recent discoveries in the genetic and epigenetic determinants of BTIC tumorigenesis offer novel opportunities for RNAi-mediated targeting of BTICs. Here we show that BTIC growth arrest in vitro and in vivo is accomplished via concurrent siRNA knockdown of four transcription factors (SOX2, OLIG2, SALL2, and POU3F2) that drive the proneural BTIC phenotype delivered by multiplexed siRNA encapsulation in the lipopolymeric nanoparticle 7C1. Importantly, we demonstrate that 7C1 nano-encapsulation of multiplexed RNAi is a viable BTIC-targeting strategy when delivered directly in vivo in an established mouse brain tumor. Therapeutic potential was most evident via a convection-enhanced delivery method, which shows significant extension of median survival in two patient-derived BTIC xenograft mouse models of GBM. Our study suggests that there is potential advantage in multiplexed targeting strategies for BTICs and establishes a flexible nonviral gene therapy platform with the capacity to channel multiplexed RNAi schemes to address the challenges posed by tumor heterogeneity.
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Mastorakos P, Zhang C, Song E, Kim YE, Park HW, Berry S, Choi WK, Hanes J, Suk JS. Biodegradable brain-penetrating DNA nanocomplexes and their use to treat malignant brain tumors. J Control Release 2017; 262:37-46. [PMID: 28694032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of powerful genetic targets has spurred clinical development of gene therapy approaches to treat patients with malignant brain tumors. However, lack of success in the clinic has been attributed to the inability of conventional gene vectors to achieve gene transfer throughout highly disseminated primary brain tumors. Here, we demonstrate ex vivo that small nanocomplexes composed of DNA condensed by a blend of biodegradable polymer, poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE), with PBAE conjugated with 5kDa polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules (PBAE-PEG) rapidly penetrate healthy brain parenchyma and orthotopic brain tumor tissues in rats. Rapid diffusion of these DNA-loaded nanocomplexes observed in fresh tissues ex vivo demonstrated that they avoided adhesive trapping in the brain owing to their dense PEG coating, which was critical to achieving widespread transgene expression throughout orthotopic rat brain tumors in vivo following administration by convection enhanced delivery. Transgene expression with the PBAE/PBAE-PEG blended nanocomplexes (DNA-loaded brain-penetrating nanocomplexes, or DNA-BPN) was uniform throughout the tumor core compared to nanocomplexes composed of DNA with PBAE only (DNA-loaded conventional nanocomplexes, or DNA-CN), and transgene expression reached beyond the tumor edge, where infiltrative cancer cells are found, only for the DNA-BPN formulation. Finally, DNA-BPN loaded with anti-cancer plasmid DNA provided significantly enhanced survival compared to the same plasmid DNA loaded in DNA-CN in two aggressive orthotopic brain tumor models in rats. These findings underscore the importance of achieving widespread delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids within brain tumors and provide a promising new delivery platform for localized gene therapy in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mastorakos
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Clark Zhang
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric Song
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Biotechnology Education, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Young Eun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hee Won Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sneha Berry
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Biotechnology Education, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Won Kyu Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Bianco J, Bastiancich C, Jankovski A, des Rieux A, Préat V, Danhier F. On glioblastoma and the search for a cure: where do we stand? Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2451-2466. [PMID: 28210785 PMCID: PMC11107640 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2483-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although brain tumours have been documented and recorded since the nineteenth century, 2016 marked 90 years since Percival Bailey and Harvey Cushing coined the term "glioblastoma multiforme". Since that time, although extensive developments in diagnosis and treatment have been made, relatively little improvement on prognosis has been achieved. The resilience of GBM thus makes treating this tumour one of the biggest challenges currently faced by neuro-oncology. Aggressive and robust development, coupled with difficulties of complete resection, drug delivery and therapeutic resistance to treatment are some of the main issues that this nemesis presents today. Current treatments are far from satisfactory with poor prognosis, and focus on palliative management rather than curative intervention. However, therapeutic research leading to developments in novel treatment stratagems show promise in combating this disease. Here we present a review on GBM, looking at the history and advances which have shaped neurosurgery over the last century that cumulate to the present day management of GBM, while also exploring future perspectives in treatment options that could lead to new treatments on the road to a cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Bianco
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Chiara Bastiancich
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aleksander Jankovski
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHU UCL Namur, Avenue G. Thérasse 1, 5530, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Anne des Rieux
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Véronique Préat
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Fabienne Danhier
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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69
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Bianco J, Bastiancich C, Joudiou N, Gallez B, des Rieux A, Danhier F. Novel model of orthotopic U-87 MG glioblastoma resection in athymic nude mice. J Neurosci Methods 2017; 284:96-102. [PMID: 28472680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo models of experimental glioma are useful tools to gain a better understanding of glioblastoma (GBM) and to investigate novel treatment strategies. However, the majority of preclinical models focus on treating solid intracranial tumours, despite surgical resection being the mainstay in the standard care of patients with GBM today. The lack of resection and recurrence models therefore has undermined efforts in finding a treatment for this disease. Here we present a novel orthotopic tumour resection and recurrence model that has potential for the investigation of local delivery strategies in the treatment of GBM. The model presented is simple to achieve through the use of a biopsy punch, is reproducible, does not require specific or expensive equipment, and results in a resection cavity suitable for local drug delivery systems, such as the implantation or injection of hydrogels. We show that tumour resection is well tolerated, does not induce deleterious neurological deficits, and significantly prolongs survival of mice bearing U-87 MG GBM tumours. In addition, the resulting cavity could accommodate adequate amounts of hydrogels for local delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to eliminate residual tumour cells that can induce tumour recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Bianco
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chiara Bastiancich
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Joudiou
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne des Rieux
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Fabienne Danhier
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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70
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Sensitization of glioblastoma tumor micro-environment to chemo- and immunotherapy by Galectin-1 intranasal knock-down strategy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1217. [PMID: 28450700 PMCID: PMC5430862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the consequences of reducing Galectin-1 (Gal-1) in the tumor micro-environment (TME) of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), via nose-to-brain transport. Gal-1 is overexpressed in GBM and drives chemo- and immunotherapy resistance. To promote nose-to-brain transport, we designed siRNA targeting Gal-1 (siGal-1) loaded chitosan nanoparticles that silence Gal-1 in the TME. Intranasal siGal-1 delivery induces a remarkable switch in the TME composition, with reduced myeloid suppressor cells and regulatory T cells, and increased CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Gal-1 knock-down reduces macrophages’ polarization switch from M1 (pro-inflammatory) to M2 (anti-inflammatory) during GBM progression. These changes are accompanied by normalization of the tumor vasculature and increased survival for tumor bearing mice. The combination of siGal-1 treatment with temozolomide or immunotherapy (dendritic cell vaccination and PD-1 blocking) displays synergistic effects, increasing the survival of tumor bearing mice. Moreover, we could confirm the role of Gal-1 on lymphocytes in GBM patients by matching the Gal-1 expression and their T cell signatures. These findings indicate that intranasal siGal-1 nanoparticle delivery could be a valuable adjuvant treatment to increase the efficiency of immune-checkpoint blockade and chemotherapy.
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71
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Zhang RX, Ahmed T, Li LY, Li J, Abbasi AZ, Wu XY. Design of nanocarriers for nanoscale drug delivery to enhance cancer treatment using hybrid polymer and lipid building blocks. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:1334-1355. [PMID: 27973629 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08486a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLN) are an emerging nanocarrier platform made from building blocks of polymers and lipids. PLN integrate the advantages of biomimetic lipid-based nanoparticles (i.e. solid lipid nanoparticles and liposomes) and biocompatible polymeric nanoparticles. PLN are constructed from diverse polymers and lipids and their numerous combinations, which imparts PLN with great versatility for delivering drugs of various properties to their nanoscale targets. PLN can be classified into two types based on their hybrid nanoscopic structure and assembly methods: Type-I monolithic matrix and Type-II core-shell systems. This article reviews the history of PLN development, types of PLN, lipid and polymer candidates, fabrication methods, and unique properties of PLN. The applications of PLN in delivery of therapeutic or imaging agents alone or in combination for cancer treatment are summarized and illustrated with examples. Important considerations for the rational design of PLN for advanced nanoscale drug delivery are discussed, including selection of excipients, synthesis processes governing formulation parameters, optimization of nanoparticle properties, improvement of particle surface functionality to overcome macroscopic, microscopic and cellular biological barriers. Future directions and potential clinical translation of PLN are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xue Zhang
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
| | - Taksim Ahmed
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
| | - Lily Yi Li
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
| | - Jason Li
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
| | - Azhar Z Abbasi
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
| | - Xiao Yu Wu
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
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72
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Anticancer drug-loaded hydrogels as drug delivery systems for the local treatment of glioblastoma. J Control Release 2016; 243:29-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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73
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Frosina G. Advances in drug delivery to high grade gliomas. Brain Pathol 2016; 26:689-700. [PMID: 27488680 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
If cancer is hard to be treated, brain cancer is even more, caused by the inability of many effective drugs given systemically to cross the blood brain and blood tumor barriers and reach adequate concentrations at the tumor sites. Effective delivery of drugs to brain cancer tissues is thus a necessary, albeit not sufficient, condition to effectively target the disease. In order to analyze the current status of research on drug delivery to high grade gliomas (HGG-WHO grades III and IV), the most frequent and aggressive brain cancers, a literature search was conducted in PubMed using the terms: "drug delivery and brain tumor" over the publication year 2015. Currently explored drug delivery techniques for HGG include the convection and permeabilization-enhanced deliveries, drug-releasing depots and Ommaya reservoirs. The efficacy/safety ratio widely varies among these techniques and the success of current efforts to increase this ratio widely varies as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Frosina
- Mutagenesis Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
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74
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Mujokoro B, Adabi M, Sadroddiny E, Adabi M, Khosravani M. Nano-structures mediated co-delivery of therapeutic agents for glioblastoma treatment: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 69:1092-102. [PMID: 27612807 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a malignant brain tumor and leads to death in most patients. Chemotherapy is a common method for brain cancer in clinics. However, the recent advancements in the chemotherapy of brain tumors have not been efficient enough. With the advancement of nanotechnology, the used drugs can enhance chemotherapy efficiency and increase the access to brain cancers. Combination of therapeutic agents has been recently attracted great attention for glioblastoma chemotherapy. One of the early benefits of combination therapies is the high potential to provide synergistic effects and decrease adverse side effects associated with high doses of single anticancer drugs. Therefore, brain tumor treatments with combination drugs can be considered as a crucial approach for avoiding tumor growth. This review investigates current progress in nano-mediated co-delivery of therapeutic agents with focus on glioblastoma chemotherapy prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil Mujokoro
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Adabi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Sadroddiny
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Adabi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masood Khosravani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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da Fonseca LM, da Silva VA, Freire-de-Lima L, Previato JO, Mendonça-Previato L, Capella MAM. Glycosylation in Cancer: Interplay between Multidrug Resistance and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition? Front Oncol 2016; 6:158. [PMID: 27446804 PMCID: PMC4916178 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of unusual glycan structures is a hallmark of cancer progression, and their functional roles in cancer biology have been extensively investigated in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) models. EMT is a physiological process involved in embryonic development and wound healing. It is characterized by loss of epithelial cell polarity and cell adhesion, permitting cell migration, and thus formation of new epithelia. However, this process is unwanted when occurring outside their physiological limit, resulting in fibrosis of organs and progression of cancer and metastasis. Several studies observed that EMT is related to the acquisition of multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, a condition in which cancer cells acquire resistance to multiple different drugs, which has virtually nothing in common. However, although some studies suggested interplay between these two apparently distinct phenomena, almost nothing is known about this possible relationship. A common pathway to them is the need for glycosylation, a post-translational modification that can alter biological function. Thus, this review intends to compile the main facts obtained until now in these two areas, as an effort to unravel the relationship between EMT and MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Marques da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Vanessa Amil da Silva
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Leonardo Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - José Osvaldo Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Lucia Mendonça-Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Márcia Alves Marques Capella
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de P&D em Práticas Integrativas e Complementares, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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76
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Lauroyl-gemcitabine-loaded lipid nanocapsule hydrogel for the treatment of glioblastoma. J Control Release 2016; 225:283-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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77
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Hockl PF, Wolosiuk A, Pérez-Sáez JM, Bordoni AV, Croci DO, Toum-Terrones Y, Soler-Illia GJAA, Rabinovich GA. Glyco-nano-oncology: Novel therapeutic opportunities by combining small and sweet. Pharmacol Res 2016; 109:45-54. [PMID: 26855319 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent efforts toward defining the molecular features of the tumor microenvironment have revealed dramatic changes in the expression of glycan-related genes including glycosyltransferases and glycosidases. These changes affect glycosylation of proteins and lipids not only in cancer cells themselves, but also in cancer associated-stromal, endothelial and immune cells. These glycan alterations including increased frequency of β1,6-branched N-glycans and bisecting N-glycans, overexpression of tumor-associated mucins, preferred expression of T, Tn and sialyl-Tn antigen and altered surface sialylation, may contribute to tumor progression by masking or unmasking specific ligands for endogenous lectins, including members of the C-type lectin, siglec and galectin families. Differential expression of glycans or glycan-binding proteins could be capitalized for the identification of novel biomarkers and might provide novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention. This review focuses on the biological relevance of lectin-glycan interactions in the tumor microenvironment (mainly illustrated by the immunosuppressive and pro-angiogenic activities of galectin-1) and the design of functionalized nanoparticles for pharmacological delivery of multimeric glycans, lectins or selective inhibitors of lectin-glycan interactions with antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo F Hockl
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Wolosiuk
- Gerencia Química, Centro Atómico Constituyentes (CAC), Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Avenida General Paz 1499, 1650 San Martín, Argentina
| | - Juan M Pérez-Sáez
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea V Bordoni
- Gerencia Química, Centro Atómico Constituyentes (CAC), Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Avenida General Paz 1499, 1650 San Martín, Argentina
| | - Diego O Croci
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Casilla de correo 56, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Yamili Toum-Terrones
- Gerencia Química, Centro Atómico Constituyentes (CAC), Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Avenida General Paz 1499, 1650 San Martín, Argentina
| | - Galo J A A Soler-Illia
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín, Av. 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650 San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Yan Y, Xu Z, Dai S, Qian L, Sun L, Gong Z. Targeting autophagy to sensitive glioma to temozolomide treatment. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2016; 35:23. [PMID: 26830677 PMCID: PMC4736617 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0303-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent, is widely used for treating primary and recurrent high-grade gliomas. However, the efficacy of TMZ is often limited by the development of resistance. Recently, studies have found that TMZ treatment could induce autophagy, which contributes to therapy resistance in glioma. To enhance the benefit of TMZ in the treatment of glioblastomas, effective combination strategies are needed to sensitize glioblastoma cells to TMZ. In this regard, as autophagy could promote cell survival or autophagic cell death, modulating autophagy using a pharmacological inhibitor, such as chloroquine, or an inducer, such as rapamycin, has received considerably more attention. To understand the effectiveness of regulating autophagy in glioblastoma treatment, this review summarizes reports on glioblastoma treatments with TMZ and autophagic modulators from in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as clinical trials. Additionally, we discuss the possibility of using autophagy regulatory compounds that can sensitive TMZ treatment as a chemotherapy for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Shuang Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Long Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Lunquan Sun
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Immune cell impact of three differently coated lipid nanocapsules: pluronic, chitosan and polyethylene glycol. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18423. [PMID: 26728491 PMCID: PMC4700454 DOI: 10.1038/srep18423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanocapsules (NCs) represent promising tools in clinical practice for diagnosis and therapy applications. However, the NC appropriate functionalization is essential to guarantee high biocompatibility and molecule loading ability. In any medical application, the immune system-impact of differently functionalized NCs still remains to be fully understood. A comprehensive study on the action exerted on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and major immune subpopulations by three different NC coatings: pluronic, chitosan and polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid (PEG) is reported. After a deep particle characterization, the uptake was assessed by flow-cytometry and confocal microscopy, focusing then on apoptosis, necrosis and proliferation impact in T cells and monocytes. Cell functionality by cell diameter variations, different activation marker analysis and cytokine assays were performed. We demonstrated that the NCs impact on the immune cell response is strongly correlated to their coating. Pluronic-NCs were able to induce immunomodulation of innate immunity inducing monocyte activations. Immunomodulation was observed in monocytes and T lymphocytes treated with Chitosan-NCs. Conversely, PEG-NCs were completely inert. These findings are of particular value towards a pre-selection of specific NC coatings depending on biomedical purposes for pre-clinical investigations; i.e. the immune-specific action of particular NC coating can be excellent for immunotherapy applications.
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