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Liu K, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Wu Y, Lian P, Ma Z, Tang Z, Zhang X, Yang X, Zhai H, Zhang L, Xu Y, Cao X. AMPK-mediated autophagy pathway activation promotes ΔFosB degradation to improve levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Cell Signal 2024; 118:111125. [PMID: 38432574 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease patients on chronic levodopa often suffer from motor complications, which tend to reduce their quality of life. Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is one of the most prevalent motor complications, often characterized by abnormal involuntary movements, and the pathogenesis of LID is still unclear but recent studies have suggested the involvement of autophagy. METHODS The onset of LID was mimicked by chronic levodopa treatment in a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) -lesion rat model. Overexpression of ΔFosB in HEK293 cells to mimic the state of ΔFosB accumulation. The modulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated autophagy pathway using by metformin, AICAR (an AMPK activator), Compound C (an AMPK inhibitor) and chloroquine (an autophagy pathway inhibitor). The severity of LID was assessed by axial, limb, and orofacial (ALO) abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) score and in vivo electrophysiology. The activity of AMPK pathway as well as autophagy markers and FosB-ΔFosB levels were detected by western blotting. RT-qPCR was performed to detect the transcription level of FosB-ΔFosB. The mechanism of autophagy dysfunction was further explored by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS In vivo experiments demonstrated that chronic levodopa treatment reduced AMPK phosphorylation, impaired autophagosome-lysosomal fusion and caused FosB-ΔFosB accumulation in the striatum of PD rats. Long-term metformin intervention improved ALO AIMs scores as well as reduced the mean power of high gamma (hγ) oscillations and the proportion of striatal projection neurons unstable in response to dopamine for LID rats. Moreover, the intervention of metformin promoted AMPK phosphorylation, ameliorated the impairment of autophagosome-lysosomal fusion, thus, promoting FosB-ΔFosB degradation to attenuate its accumulation in the striatum of LID rats. However, the aforementioned roles of metformin were reversed by Compound C and chloroquine. The results of in vitro studies demonstrated the ability of metformin and AICAR to attenuate ΔFosB levels by promoting its degradation, while Compound C and chloroquine could block this effect. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results suggest that long-term metformin treatment could promote ΔFosB degradation and thus attenuate the development of LID through activating the AMPK-mediated autophagy pathway. Overall, our results support the AMPK-mediated autophagy pathway as a novel therapeutic target for LID and also indicate that metformin is a promising therapeutic candidate for LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Piaopiao Lian
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhuoran Ma
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhicheng Tang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoman Yang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Heng Zhai
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuebing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Satou M, Wang J, Nakano-Tateno T, Teramachi M, Aoki S, Sugimoto H, Chik C, Tateno T. Autophagy inhibition suppresses hormone production and cell growth in pituitary tumor cells: A potential approach to pituitary tumors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 586:112196. [PMID: 38462123 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Pituitary tumors (PTs) represent about 10% of all intracranial tumors, and most are benign. However, some PTs exhibit continued growth despite multimodal therapies. Although temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating chemotherapeutic agent, is a first-line medical treatment for aggressive PTs, some PTs are resistant to TMZ. Existing literature indicated the involvement of autophagy in cell growth in several types of tumors, including PTs, and autophagy inhibitors have anti-tumor effects. In this study, the expression of several autophagy-inducible genes, including Atg3, Beclin1, Map1lc3A, Map1lc3b, Ulk1, Wipi2, and Tfe3 in two PT cell lines, the mouse corticotroph AtT-20 cells and the rat mammosomatotroph GH4 cells were identified. Down regulation of Tfe3, a master switch of basal autophagy, using RNA interference, suppressed cell proliferation in AtT-20 cells, suggesting basal autophagy contributes to the maintenance of cellular functions in PT cells. Expectedly, treatment with bafilomycin A1, an autophagy inhibitor, suppressed cell proliferation, increased the cleavage of PARP1, and reduced ACTH production in AtT-20 cells. Treatment with two additional autophagy inhibitors, chloroquine (CQ) and monensin, demonstrated similar effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and ACTH production in AtT-20 cells. Also, treatment with CQ suppressed cell proliferation and growth hormone production in GH4 cells. Moreover, the combination of CQ and TMZ had an additive effect on the inhibition of cell proliferation in AtT-20 and GH4 cells. The additive effect of anti-cancer drugs such as CQ alone or in combination with TMZ may represent a novel therapeutic approach for PTs, in particular tumors with resistance to TMZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyasu Satou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Jason Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tae Nakano-Tateno
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mariko Teramachi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shigeki Aoki
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sugimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Constance Chik
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Toru Tateno
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Chin EZ, Chang WJ, Tan HY, Liew SY, Lau YL, Ng YL, Nafiah MA, Kurz T, Tan SP. Synthesis and biological evaluation of hydantoin derivatives as potent antiplasmodial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 103:129701. [PMID: 38484804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Malaria, a devastating disease, has claimed numerous lives and caused considerable suffering, with young children and pregnant women being the most severely affected group. However, the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Plasmodium and the adverse side effects associated with existing antimalarial drugs underscore the urgent need for the development of novel, well-tolerated, and more efficient drugs to combat this global health threat. To address these challenges, six new hydantoins derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antiplasmodial activity. Notably, compound 2c exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against the tested Pf3D7 strain, with an IC50 value of 3.97 ± 0.01 nM, three-fold better than chloroquine. Following closely, compound 3b demonstrated an IC50 value of 27.52 ± 3.37 µM against the Pf3D7 strain in vitro. Additionally, all the hydantoins derivatives tested showed inactive against human MCR-5 cells, with an IC50 value exceeding 100 μM. In summary, the hydantoin derivative 2c emerges as a promising candidate for further exploration as an antiplasmodial compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee-Zhen Chin
- Department of Physical Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wei-Jin Chang
- Department of Physical Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui-Yin Tan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sook Yee Liew
- Chemistry Division, Centre for Foundation Studies in Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee-Ling Lau
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee-Ling Ng
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azlan Nafiah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Thomas Kurz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr.1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Siow-Ping Tan
- Department of Physical Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Salazar YEAR, Louzada J, Puça MCSDB, Guimarães LFF, Vieira JLF, de Siqueira AM, Gil JP, de Brito CFA, de Sousa TN. Delayed gametocyte clearance in Plasmodium vivax malaria is associated with polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR). Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024; 68:e0120423. [PMID: 38411047 PMCID: PMC10989009 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01204-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Primaquine (PQ) is the main drug used to eliminate dormant liver stages and prevent relapses in Plasmodium vivax malaria. It also has an effect on the gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum; however, it is unclear to what extent PQ affects P. vivax gametocytes. PQ metabolism involves multiple enzymes, including the highly polymorphic CYP2D6 and the cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR). Since genetic variability can impact drug metabolism, we conducted an evaluation of the effect of CYP2D6 and CPR variants on PQ gametocytocidal activity in 100 subjects with P. vivax malaria. To determine gametocyte density, we measured the levels of pvs25 transcripts in samples taken before treatment (D0) and 72 hours after treatment (D3). Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to examine the effects of enzyme variants on gametocyte densities, adjusting for potential confounding factors. Linear regression models were adjusted to explore the predictors of PQ blood levels measured on D3. Individuals with the CPR mutation showed a smaller decrease in gametocyte transcript levels on D3 compared to those without the mutation (P = 0.02, by GEE). Consistent with this, higher PQ blood levels on D3 were associated with a lower reduction in pvs25 transcripts. Based on our findings, the CPR variant plays a role in the persistence of gametocyte density in P. vivax malaria. Conceptually, our work points to pharmacogenetics as a non-negligible factor to define potential host reservoirs with the propensity to contribute to transmission in the first days of CQ-PQ treatment, particularly in settings and seasons of high Anopheles human-biting rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanka Evellyn Alves Rodrigues Salazar
- Molecular Biology and Malaria Immunology Research Group, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jaime Louzada
- Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Silva de Barros Puça
- Molecular Biology and Malaria Immunology Research Group, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Ferreira Guimarães
- Molecular Biology and Malaria Immunology Research Group, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - André Machado de Siqueira
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Pedro Gil
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Cristiana Ferreira Alves de Brito
- Molecular Biology and Malaria Immunology Research Group, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tais Nobrega de Sousa
- Molecular Biology and Malaria Immunology Research Group, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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Rossi NRDLP, Fialho SN, Gouveia ADJ, Ferreira AS, da Silva MA, Martinez LDN, Paula do Nascimento WDS, Gonzaga A, de Medeiros DSS, de Barros NB, de Cássia Alves R, Gonçalves GM, Teles CGB. Quinine and chloroquine: Potential preclinical candidates for the treatment of tegumentary Leishmaniasis. Acta Trop 2024; 252:107143. [PMID: 38331084 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in more than 90 countries, constituting a relevant public health problem. Limited treatment options, increase in resistance, and therapeutic failure are important aspects for the discovery of new treatment options. Drug repurposing may accelerate the discovery of antiLeishmanial drugs. Recent tests indicating the in vitro potential of antimalarials Leishmania resulted in the design of this study. This study aimed at evaluating the susceptibility of Leishmania (L.) amazonensis to chloroquine (CQ) and quinine (QN), alone or in combination with amphotericin B (AFT) and pentamidine (PTN). In the in vitro tests, first, we evaluated the growth inhibition of 50 % of promastigotes (IC50) and cytotoxicity for HepG2 and THP-1 cells (CC50). The IC50 values of AFT and PNT were below 1 µM, while the IC50 values of CQ and QN ranged between 4 and 13 µM. Concerning cytotoxicity, CC50 values ranged between 7 and 30 µM for AFT and PNT, and between 22 and 157 µM for the antimalarials. We also calculated the Selectivity Index (SI), where AFT and PTN obtained the highest values, while the antimalarias obtained values between 5 and 12. Both antimalarials were additive (ƩFIC 1.05-1.8) in combination with AFT and PTN. For anti-amastigote activity, the drugs obtained the following ICA50 values: AFT (0.26 µM), PNT (2.09 µM), CQ (3.77 µM) and QN (24.5 µM). In the in vivo tests, we observed that the effective dose for the death of 50 % of parasites (ED50) of AFT and CQ were 0.63 mg/kg and 27.29 mg/kg, respectively. When combining CQ with AFT, a decrease in parasitemia was observed, being statistically equal to the naive group. For cytokine quantification, it was observed that CQ, despite presenting anti-inflammatory activity was effective at increasing the production of IFN-γ. Overall, our data indicate that chloroquine will probably be a candidate for repurposing and use in drug combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norton Rubens Diunior Lucas Pejara Rossi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental (PGBIOEXP), Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Plataforma de Bioensaios de Malária e Leishmaniose (PBML), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - EpiAmO, Brazil.
| | - Saara Neri Fialho
- Plataforma de Bioensaios de Malária e Leishmaniose (PBML), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; São Lucas Educacional-Afya, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - EpiAmO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal - BIONORTE, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Aurileya de Jesus Gouveia
- Plataforma de Bioensaios de Malária e Leishmaniose (PBML), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - EpiAmO, Brazil
| | - Amália Santos Ferreira
- Plataforma de Bioensaios de Malária e Leishmaniose (PBML), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - EpiAmO, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro Do Nascimento Martinez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental (PGBIOEXP), Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Plataforma de Bioensaios de Malária e Leishmaniose (PBML), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; São Lucas Educacional-Afya, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - EpiAmO, Brazil
| | - Welington da Silva Paula do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental (PGBIOEXP), Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Plataforma de Bioensaios de Malária e Leishmaniose (PBML), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - EpiAmO, Brazil
| | - Arlindo Gonzaga
- Plataforma de Bioensaios de Malária e Leishmaniose (PBML), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal - BIONORTE, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Giselle Martins Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental (PGBIOEXP), Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Carolina Garcia Bioni Teles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental (PGBIOEXP), Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Plataforma de Bioensaios de Malária e Leishmaniose (PBML), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; São Lucas Educacional-Afya, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - EpiAmO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal - BIONORTE, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
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Li Y, Yu P, Gao Y, Ma Z, Wang H, Long Y, Ma Z, Liu R. Effects of the combination of Epimedii Folium and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus on apoptosis and autophagy in SOP rats and osteoblasts via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116346. [PMID: 38428312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of the combination of Epimedii Folium (EF) and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (LLF) on regulating apoptosis and autophagy in senile osteoporosis (SOP) rats. METHODS Firstly, we identified the components in the decoction and drug-containing serum of EL (EF&LLF) by Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Secondly, SOP rats were treated with EF, LLF, EL and caltrate to evaluate the advantages of EL. Finally, H2O2-, chloroquine-, and MHY1485-induced osteoblasts were treated with different doses of EL to reveal the molecular mechanism of EL. We detected bone microstructure, oxidative stress levels, ALP activity and the expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase3, P53, Beclin-1, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-Akt, Akt, p-mTOR, mTOR, and LC3 in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS 36 compounds in EL decoction and 23 in EL-containing serum were identified, including flavonoids, iridoid terpenoids, phenylethanoid glycosides, polyols and triterpenoids. EL could inhibit apoptosis activity and increase ALP activity. In SOP rats and chloroquine-inhibited osteoblasts, EL could improve bone tissue microstructure and osteoblasts functions by upregulating Bcl-2, Beclin1, and LC3-II/LC3-I, while downregulating p53 in all treatment groups. In H2O2-induced osteoblasts, EL could upregulate the protein and mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 while downregulate LC3-II/LC3-I, p53 and Beclin1. Besides, EL was able to down-regulate PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway which activated in SOP rats and MHY1485-induced osteoblasts. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that EL with bone protective effects on SOP rats by regulating autophagy and apoptosis via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which might be an alternative medicine for the treatment of SOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuman Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ping Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yingying Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zitong Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yuting Long
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zaina Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Renhui Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China.
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Zhang YL, Chen YH, Zheng RJ, Zheng KJ. [Inhibition of Autophagy Augments the Anticancer Activity of KPT-330 in Mantle Cell Lymphoma Cells]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2024; 32:470-475. [PMID: 38660854 DOI: 10.19746/j.cnki.issn.1009-2137.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of novel CRM1 inhibitor KPT-330 on the autophagy of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cells, and effect of KPT-330 on the prolifiration of MCL cells in the presence or absence of autophagy inhibitor. METHODS CCK-8 assay was used to detect the effect of KPT-330 on MCL cell lines Z-138, Jeko-1, Granta-519, Rec-1. The effect of KPT-330 on autophagy features were determined by detecting acidic vesicular organelles (AVO) by MDC staining under fluorescence microscope and detecting protein expression of LC3B-II assessed by Western blot. Further combined application of lysosomal inhibitor Chloroquine (CQ) was used to observe its effect on the increase of LC3B-Ⅱ caused by KPT-330. CalcuSyn 2.0 software was used to detected the Combination index (CI) of KPT-330 combined with CQ. RESULTS The proliferation of MCL cell lines (Z-138, Jeko-1, Grant-519, Rec-1) could be inhibited by KPT-330 in a dose-dependent manner (r =0.930, 0.946, 0.691, 0.968 respectively). The number of acidic vesicular organelles (AVO) and the expression of LC3B-II were increased in KPT-330 treated Jeko-1 and Granta-519 cells in a dose-dependent manner (r Jeko-1=0.993, r Granta-519=0.971). LC3B-II protein amounts still increased upon KPT-330 treatment with the existence of lysosomal inhibitor CQ in Jeko-1 and Granta-519 cells, which was higher than CQ or KPT-330 single drug group. The combination of KPT-330 and CQ produced the synergistic effects on cells proliferation inhibition with CalcuSyn 2.0 analysis. CONCLUSION KPT-330 can inhibit MCL cell proliferation and induce autophagy. KPT-330 combined with autophagy inhibitor CQ could produce synergistic anti MCL effects, providing experimental basis for clinical combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, The School of Clinical Medicine Fujian Medical University, Xiamen 361004, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu-Han Chen
- Beijing Tongzhou District Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Beijing 101100, China
| | - Rui-Ji Zheng
- The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Department of Hematology, Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital of Fujian Province, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China .E-mail:
| | - Ke-Jie Zheng
- The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, Fujian Province, China
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Squarcina A, Franke A, Senft L, Onderka C, Langer J, Vignane T, Filipovic MR, Grill P, Michalke B, Ivanović-Burmazović I. Zinc complexes of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine versus the mixtures of their components: Structures, solution equilibria/speciation and cellular zinc uptake. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 252:112478. [PMID: 38218140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The zinc complexes of chloroquine (CQ; [Zn(CQH+)Cl3]) and hydroxychloroquine (HO-CQ; [Zn(HO-CQH+)Cl3]) were synthesized and characterized by X-Ray structure analysis, FT-IR, NMR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and cryo-spray mass spectrometry in solid state as well as in aqueous and organic solvent solutions, respectively. In acetonitrile, up to two Zn2+ ions bind to CQ and HO-CQ through the tertiary amine and aromatic nitrogen atoms (KN-aminCQ = (3.8 ± 0.5) x 104 M-1 and KN-aromCQ = (9.0 ± 0.7) x 103 M-1 for CQ, and KN-aminHO-CQ = (3.3 ± 0.4) x 104 M-1 and KN-aromHO-CQ = (1.6 ± 0.2) x 103 M-1 for HO-CQ). In MOPS buffer (pH 7.4) the coordination proceeds through the partially deprotonated aromatic nitrogen, with the corresponding equilibrium constants of KN-arom(aq)CQ = (3.9 ± 1.9) x 103 M-1and KN-arom(aq)HO-CQ = (0.7 + 0.4) x 103 M-1 for CQ and HO-CQ, respectively. An apparent partition coefficient of 0.22 was found for [Zn(CQH+)Cl3]. Mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells were treated with pre-synthesized [Zn((HO-)CQH+)Cl3] complexes and corresponding ZnCl2/(HO-)CQ mixtures and zinc uptake was determined by application of the fluorescence probe and ICP-OES measurements. Administration of pre-synthesized complexes led to higher total zinc levels than those obtained upon administration of the related zinc/(hydroxy)chloroquine mixtures. The differences in the zinc uptake between these two types of formulations were discussed in terms of different speciation and character of the complexes. The obtained results suggest that intact zinc complexes may exhibit biological effects distinct from that of the related zinc/ligand mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Squarcina
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität (LMU) München, München 81377, Germany
| | - Alicja Franke
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität (LMU) München, München 81377, Germany
| | - Laura Senft
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität (LMU) München, München 81377, Germany
| | - Constantin Onderka
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jens Langer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thibaut Vignane
- Leibniz Institute for Analytical Sciences, ISAS e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Milos R Filipovic
- Leibniz Institute for Analytical Sciences, ISAS e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Peter Grill
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Liu J, Livingston MJ, Dong G, Wei Q, Zhang M, Mei S, Zhu J, Zhang C, Dong Z. HIF-1 contributes to autophagy activation via BNIP3 to facilitate renal fibrosis in hypoxia in vitro and UUO in vivo. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C935-C947. [PMID: 38284121 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00458.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The molecular basis of renal interstitial fibrosis, a major pathological feature of progressive kidney diseases, remains poorly understood. Autophagy has been implicated in renal fibrosis, but whether it promotes or inhibits fibrosis remains controversial. Moreover, it is unclear how autophagy is activated and sustained in renal fibrosis. The present study was designed to address these questions using the in vivo mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction and the in vitro model of hypoxia in renal tubular cells. Both models showed the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and autophagy along with fibrotic changes. Inhibition of autophagy with chloroquine reduced renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction model, whereas chloroquine and autophagy-related gene 7 knockdown decreased fibrotic changes in cultured renal proximal tubular cells, supporting a profibrotic role of autophagy. Notably, pharmacological and genetic inhibition of HIF-1 led to the suppression of autophagy and renal fibrosis in these models. Mechanistically, knock down of BCL2 and adenovirus E1B 19-kDa-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), a downstream target gene of HIF, decreased autophagy and fibrotic changes during hypoxia in BUMPT cells. Together, these results suggest that HIF-1 may activate autophagy via BNIP3 in renal tubular cells to facilitate the development of renal interstitial fibrosis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Autophagy has been reported to participate in renal fibrosis, but its role and underlying activation mechanism is unclear. In this study, we report the role of HIF-1 in autophagy activation in models of renal fibrosis and further investigate the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Man J Livingston
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Guie Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Shuqin Mei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, United States
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiefu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, United States
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Bildik G, Gray JP, Mao W, Yang H, Ozyurt R, Orellana VR, De Wever O, Carey MS, Bast RC, Lu Z. DIRAS3 induces autophagy and enhances sensitivity to anti-autophagic therapy in KRAS-driven pancreatic and ovarian carcinomas. Autophagy 2024; 20:675-691. [PMID: 38169324 PMCID: PMC10936598 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2299516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and low-grade ovarian cancer (LGSOC) are characterized by the prevalence of KRAS oncogene mutations. DIRAS3 is the first endogenous non-RAS protein that heterodimerizes with RAS, disrupts RAS clustering, blocks RAS signaling, and inhibits cancer cell growth. Here, we found that DIRAS3-mediated KRAS inhibition induces ROS-mediated apoptosis in PDAC and LGSOC cells with KRAS mutations, but not in cells with wild-type KRAS, by downregulating NFE2L2/Nrf2 transcription, reducing antioxidants, and inducing oxidative stress. DIRAS3 also induces cytoprotective macroautophagy/autophagy that may protect mutant KRAS cancer cells from oxidative stress, by inhibiting mutant KRAS, activating the STK11/LKB1-PRKAA/AMPK pathway, increasing lysosomal CDKN1B/p27 localization, and inducing autophagic gene expression. Treatment with chloroquine or the novel dimeric chloroquine analog DC661 significantly enhances DIRAS3-mediated inhibition of mutant KRAS tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our study demonstrates that DIRAS3 plays a critical role in regulating mutant KRAS-driven oncogenesis in PDAC and LGSOC.Abbreviations: AFR: autophagic flux reporter; ATG: autophagy related; CQ: chloroquine; DCFDA: 2'-7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; DIRAS3: DIRAS family GTPase 3; DOX: doxycycline; KRAS: KRAS proto-oncogene, LGSOC: low-grade serous ovarian cancer; MiT/TFE: microphthalmia family of transcription factors; NAC: N-acetylcysteine; PDAC: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; ROS: reactive oxygen species; TFEB: transcription factor EB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Bildik
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joshua P. Gray
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weiqun Mao
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hailing Yang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rumeysa Ozyurt
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vivian R. Orellana
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium; Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mark S. Carey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Robert C. Bast
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhen Lu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Hasby Saad MA, El-Saadi EG, Ali DA, Watany MM, Eid MM. Potential i-Nos/Arg-1 Switch with NLRP3 and Parasitic Load Down Regulation in Experimental Schistosoma mansoni Infection via Chloroquine Repurposing. Parasite Immunol 2024; 46:e13030. [PMID: 38498004 DOI: 10.1111/pim.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In previous studies, the inhibitory effect of chloroquine on NLRP3 inflammasome and heme production was documented. This may be employed as a double-bladed sword in schistosomiasis (anti-inflammatory and parasiticidal). In this study, chloroquine's impact on schistosomiasis mansoni was investigated. The parasitic load (worm/egg counts and reproductive capacity index [RCI]), i-Nos/Arg-1 expression, splenomegaly, hepatic insult and NLRP3-immunohistochemical expression were assessed in infected mice after receiving early and late repeated doses of chloroquine alone or dually with praziquantel. By early treatment, the least RCI was reported in dually treated mice (41.48 ± 28.58) with a significant reduction in worm/egg counts (3.50 ± 1.29/2550 ± 479.58), compared with either drug alone. A marked reduction in the splenic index was achieved by prolonged chloroquine administration (alone: 43.15 ± 5.67, dually: 36.03 ± 5.27), with significantly less fibrosis (15 ± 3.37, 14.25 ± 2.22) than after praziquantel alone (20.5 ± 2.65). Regarding inflammation, despite the praziquantel-induced significant decrease in NLRP3 expression, the inhibitory effect was marked after dual and chloroquine administration (liver: 3.13 ± 1.21/3.45 ± 1.23, spleen: 5.7 ± 1.6/4.63 ± 2.41). i-Nos RNA peaked with early/late chloroquine administration (liver: 68.53 ± 1.8/57.78 ± 7.14, spleen: 63.22 ± 2.06/62.5 ± 3.05). High i-Nos echoed with a parasiticidal and hepatoprotective effect and may indicate macrophage-1 polarisation. On the flip side, the chloroquine-induced low Arg-1 seemed to abate immune tolerance and probably macrophage-2 polarisation. Collectively, chloroquine synergised the praziquantel-schistosomicidal effect and minimised tissue inflammation, splenomegaly and hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Hasby Saad
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Esraa G El-Saadi
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dareen A Ali
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mona M Watany
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Eid
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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12
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Wolf S, Domes R, Domes C, Frosch T. Spectrally Resolved and Highly Parallelized Raman Difference Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Drug-Target Interactions between the Antimalarial Drug Chloroquine and Hematin. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3345-3353. [PMID: 38301154 PMCID: PMC10902819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Malaria is a severe disease caused by cytozoic parasites of the genus Plasmodium, which infiltrate and infect red blood cells. Several drugs have been developed to combat the devastating effects of malaria. Antimalarials based on quinolines inhibit the crystallization of hematin into hemozoin within the parasite, ultimately leading to its demise. Despite the frequent use of these agents, there are unanswered questions about their mechanisms of action. In the present study, the quinoline chloroquine and its interaction with the target structure hematin was investigated using an advanced, highly parallelized Raman difference spectroscopy (RDS) setup. Simultaneous recording of the spectra of hematin and chloroquine mixtures with varying compositions enabled the observation of changes in peak heights and positions based on the altered molecular structure resulting from their interaction. A shift of (-1.12 ± 0.05) cm-1 was observed in the core-size marker band ν(CαCm)asym peak position of the 1:1 chloroquine-hematin mixture compared to pure hematin. The oxidation-state marker band ν(pyrrole half-ring)sym exhibited a shift by (+0.93 ± 0.13) cm-1. These results were supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, indicating a hydrogen bond between the quinolinyl moiety of chloroquine and the oxygen atom of ferric protoporphyrin IX hydroxide (Fe(III)PPIX-OH). The consequence is a reduced electron density within the porphyrin moiety and an increase in its core size. This hypothesis provided further insights into the mechanism of hemozoin inhibition, suggesting chloroquine binding to the monomeric form of hematin, thereby preventing its further crystallization to hemozoin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wolf
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Biophotonics and Biomedical Engineering Group, Technical University Darmstadt, Merckstr. 25, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany
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13
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Zhang J, Shahbaz M, Ijaz M, Zhang H. Bibliometric analysis of antimalarial drug resistance. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1270060. [PMID: 38410722 PMCID: PMC10895045 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1270060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Malaria has always been a serious infectious disease prevalent in the world. Antimalarial drugs such as chloroquine and artemisinin have been the main compounds used to treat malaria. However, the massive use of this type of drugs accelerates the evolution and spread of malaria parasites, leading to the development of resistance. A large number of related data have been published by researchers in recent years. CiteSpace software has gained popularity among us researchers in recent years, because of its ability to help us obtain the core information we want in a mass of articles. In order to analyze the hotspots and develop trends in this field through visual analysis, this study used CiteSpace software to summarize the available data in the literature to provide insights. Method Relevant literature was collected from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) from 1 January 2015 to 29 March 2023. CiteSpace software and Microsoft Excel were used to analyze and present the data, respectively. Results A total of 2,561 literatures were retrieved and 2,559 literatures were included in the analysis after the removal of duplicates. An irrefutable witness of the ever-growing interest in the topic of antimalarial drug resistance could be expressed by the exponentially increased number of publications and related citations from 2015 to 2022, and its sustained growth trend by 2023. During the past 7 years, USA, Oxford University, and David A Fidock are the country, institution, and author with the most publications in this field of research, respectively. We focused on the references and keywords from literature and found that the research and development of new drugs is the newest hotspot in this field. A growing number of scientists are devoted to finding new antimalarial drugs. Conclusion This study is the first visual metrological analysis of antimalarial drug resistance, using bibliometric methods. As a baseline information, it is important to analyze research output published globally on antimalarial drug resistance. In order to better understand the current research situation and future research plan agenda, such baseline data are needed accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan, China
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese medicine analysis, Jinan, China
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese medicine analysis, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Digital Human Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Muhammad Ijaz
- The Faculty of Medicine, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese medicine analysis, Jinan, China
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14
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Hong H, Moon K, Trinh TTT, Eom TH, Park H, Kim HS, Yeo SJ. Evaluation of the antimalarial activity of SAM13-2HCl with morpholine amide (SKM13 derivative) against antimalarial drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium berghei infected ICR mice. Parasites Hosts Dis 2024; 62:42-52. [PMID: 38443769 PMCID: PMC10915268 DOI: 10.3347/phd.23093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Antimalarial drugs are an urgently need and crucial tool in the campaign against malaria, which can threaten public health. In this study, we examined the cytotoxicity of the 9 antimalarial compounds chemically synthesized using SKM13-2HCl. Except for SKM13-2HCl, the 5 newly synthesized compounds had a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) > 100 µM, indicating that they would be less cytotoxic than SKM13-2HCl. Among the 5 compounds, only SAM13-2HCl outperformed SKM13-2HCl for antimalarial activity, showing a 3- and 1.3-fold greater selective index (SI) (CC50/IC50) than SKM13-2HCl in vitro against both chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine -resistant (K1) Plasmodium falciparum strains, respectively. Thus, the presence of morpholine amide may help to effectively suppress human-infectious P. falciparum parasites. However, the antimalarial activity of SAM13-2HCl was inferior to that of the SKM13-2HCl template compound in the P. berghei NK65-infected mouse model, possibly because SAM13-2HCl had a lower polarity and less efficient pharmacokinetics than SKM13-2HCl. SAM13-2HCl was more toxic in the rodent model. Consequently, SAM13-2HCl containing morpholine was selected from screening a combination of pharmacologically significant structures as being the most effective in vitro against human-infectious P. falciparum but was less efficient in vivo in a P. berghei-infected animal model when compared with SKM13-2HCl. Therefore, SAM13-2HCl containing morpholine could be considered a promising compound to treat chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum infections, although further optimization is crucial to maintain antimalarial activity while reducing toxicity in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyelee Hong
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Kwonmo Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538,
Korea
| | - Thuy-Tien Thi Trinh
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Tae-Hui Eom
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Hyun Park
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538,
Korea
| | - Hak Sung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538,
Korea
| | - Seon-Ju Yeo
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
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15
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Ashok S, Raji SR, Manjunatha S, Srinivas G. Impairment of substrate-mediated mitochondrial respiration in cardiac cells by chloroquine. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:373-382. [PMID: 37074504 PMCID: PMC10113731 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04740-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ) has a long clinical history as an anti-malarial agent and also being used for the treatment of other infections and autoimmune diseases. Recently, this lysosomotropic agent and its derivatives are also been tested as adjuncts alongside conventional anti-cancer treatments in combinatorial therapies. However, their reported cardiotoxicity tends to raise concern over their indiscriminate use. Even though the influence of CQ and its derivatives on cardiac mitochondria is extensively studied in disease models, their impact on cardiac mitochondrial respiration under physiological conditions remains inconclusive. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of CQ on cardiac mitochondrial respiration using both in-vitro and in-vivo model systems. Using high-resolution respirometry in isolated cardiac mitochondria from male C57BL/6 mice treated with intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg/day of CQ for 14 days, CQ was found to impair substrate-mediated mitochondrial respiration in cardiac tissue. In an in-vitro model of H9C2 cardiomyoblasts, incubation with 50 µM of CQ for 24 h disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential, produced mitochondrial fragmentation, decreased mitochondrial respiration and induced superoxide generation. Altogether, our study results indicate that CQ has a deleterious impact on cardiac mitochondrial bioenergetics which in turn suggests that CQ treatment could be an added burden, especially in patients affected with diseases with underlying cardiac complications. As CQ is an inhibitor of the lysosomal pathway, the observed effect could be an outcome of the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria due to autophagy inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasailam Ashok
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - Sasikala Rajendran Raji
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - Shankarappa Manjunatha
- Dr B C Roy Multispeciality Medical Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| | - Gopala Srinivas
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India.
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16
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Xu WH, Zhang T, Zhou Y, Mao Y. Fluvastatin prevents lung metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer by triggering autophagy via the RhoB/PI3K/mTOR pathway. Exp Cell Res 2024; 435:113893. [PMID: 38123008 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is more common among younger than older women and is associated with the poorest survival outcomes of all breast cancer types. Fluvastatin inhibits tumour progression and induces the autophagy of breast cancer cells; however, the role of autophagy in fluvastatin-induced inhibition of breast cancer metastasis is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine this mechanism. The effect of fluvastatin on human hormone receptor-negative breast cancer cells was evaluated in vitro via migration and wound healing assays, western blotting, and morphological measurements, as well as in vivo using a mouse xenograft model. Chloroquine, a prophylactic medication used to prevent malaria in humans was used as an autophagy inhibitor. We found that fluvastatin administration effectively prevented the migration/invasion of triple-negative breast cancer cells, an effect that was largely dependent on the induction of autophagy. Administration of the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine prevented the fluvastatin-induced suppression of lung metastasis in the nude mouse model. Furthermore, fluvastatin increased Ras homolog family member B (RhoB) expression, and the autophagy and anti-metastatic activity induced by fluvastatin were predominantly dependent on the regulation of RhoB through the protein kinase B-mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt-mTOR) signaling pathway. These results suggest that fluvastatin inhibits the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer cells by modulating autophagy via the up regulation of RhoB through the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway. Fluvastatin may be a promising therapeutic option for patients with triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Huan Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Hefeng road 1000, Wuxi, 214062, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Hefeng road 1000, 214062, China
| | - Yunhai Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Zhongshan road 68, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Yong Mao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Hefeng road 1000, Wuxi, 214062, China.
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Kumatia EK, Zoiku FK, Asase A, Tung NH. In vitro and in silico anti-malarial activity and cytotoxicity of n-hexyl 1-O-rutinoside (a glycoside) isolated from Annickia polycarpa (DC.) Setten and Maas ex I.M. Turner (Annonaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 319:117287. [PMID: 37827299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Annickia polycarpa leaf is an effective anti-malarial agent. However, its chemical constituents have not been isolated and assayed against any pathogen. AIM OF THE STUDY To isolate and characterize anti-malarial compound(s) from the leaf of A. polycarpa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bioassay-guided fractionation was employed to isolated the compound (AL1) from the chloroform fraction (ALCF) of the basified ethanol extract of A. polycarpa leaf (ALE). AL1 was characterized by LC-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis. Anti-malarial activity was evaluated against drug resistance Dd2 and drug sensitive 3D7 Plasmodium falciparum strains using the SYBR green assay. Cytotoxicity and mechanistic studies were determined using tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay and molecular docking respectively. RESULTS AL1 was characterized as n-hexyl 1-O-rutinoside. The IC50 values of ALE and ALCF against 3D7 and Dd2 P. falciparum strains ranges from 3.441 (0.3389) - 4.255 (0.2246) μg/mL. The IC50s obtained for n-hexyl 1-O-rutinoside and Artesunate (standard drug) were 7.71 (0.5473) and 0.001 (0.00008) nM against the 3D7 parasite strain respectively. Also, the efficacy of n-hexyl 1-O-rutinoside increased by 24.40% against the chloroquine resistance Dd2 P. falciparum strain whiles that of Artesunate decreased by 98.96%. Furthermore, ALE, ALCF and n-hexyl 1-O-rutinoside were weakly cytotoxic to human RBCs with high selectivity indices. N-hexyl 1-O-rutinoside inhibits P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (PfCRT) and dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (PfDHFR-TS) better than chloroquine and pyrimethamine respectively. But, produced similar inhibition of P. falciparum 2-trans-enoyl -ACP-reductase (PfERN) as triclosan. CONCLUSION These results show that A. polycarpa leaf and n-hexyl 1-O-rutinoside possessed profound anti-malarial activity and are not cytotoxic. N-hexyl 1-O-rutinoside could therefore, be developed into a new anti-malarial medicine. This is the first study to report the anti-malarial activity of n-hexyl 1-O-rutinoside and its isolation from the genus Annickia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kofi Kumatia
- Department of Phytochemistry, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akwapim, Ghana; Department of Quality Management, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akwapim, Ghana.
| | - Felix Kwame Zoiku
- Depaertment of Epidemiology, Nouguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Alex Asase
- Plant Development Department, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akwapim, Ghana.
| | - Nguyen Huu Tung
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Viet Nam.
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Hagenah LM, Dhingra SK, Small-Saunders JL, Qahash T, Willems A, Schindler KA, Rangel GW, Gil-Iturbe E, Kim J, Akhundova E, Yeo T, Okombo J, Mancia F, Quick M, Roepe PD, Llinás M, Fidock DA. Additional PfCRT mutations driven by selective pressure for improved fitness can result in the loss of piperaquine resistance and altered Plasmodium falciparum physiology. mBio 2024; 15:e0183223. [PMID: 38059639 PMCID: PMC10790694 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01832-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Our study leverages gene editing techniques in Plasmodium falciparum asexual blood stage parasites to profile novel mutations in mutant PfCRT, an important mediator of piperaquine resistance, which developed in Southeast Asian field isolates or in parasites cultured for long periods of time. We provide evidence that increased parasite fitness of these lines is the primary driver for the emergence of these PfCRT variants. These mutations differentially impact parasite susceptibility to piperaquine and chloroquine, highlighting the multifaceted effects of single point mutations in this transporter. Molecular features of drug resistance and parasite physiology were examined in depth using proteoliposome-based drug uptake studies and peptidomics, respectively. Energy minimization calculations, showing how these novel mutations might impact the PfCRT structure, suggested a small but significant effect on drug interactions. This study reveals the subtle interplay between antimalarial resistance, parasite fitness, PfCRT structure, and intracellular peptide availability in PfCRT-mediated parasite responses to changing drug selective pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Hagenah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Satish K. Dhingra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Small-Saunders
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tarrick Qahash
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Huck Center for Malaria Research, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andreas Willems
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kyra A. Schindler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gabriel W. Rangel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Huck Center for Malaria Research, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eva Gil-Iturbe
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan Kim
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emiliya Akhundova
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tomas Yeo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - John Okombo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Filippo Mancia
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthias Quick
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Area Neuroscience - Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul D. Roepe
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Manuel Llinás
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Huck Center for Malaria Research, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David A. Fidock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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19
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Uddin A, Gupta S, Shoaib R, Aneja B, Irfan I, Gupta K, Rawat N, Combrinck J, Kumar B, Aleem M, Hasan P, Joshi MC, Chhonker YS, Zahid M, Hussain A, Pandey K, Alajmi MF, Murry DJ, Egan TJ, Singh S, Abid M. Blood-stage antimalarial activity, favourable metabolic stability and in vivo toxicity of novel piperazine linked 7-chloroquinoline-triazole conjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:115969. [PMID: 38039787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The persistence of drug resistance poses a significant obstacle to the advancement of efficacious malaria treatments. The remarkable efficacy displayed by 1,2,3-triazole-based compounds against Plasmodium falciparum highlights the potential of triazole conjugates, with diverse pharmacologically active structures, as potential antimalarial agents. We aimed to synthesize 7-dichloroquinoline-triazole conjugates and their structure-activity relationship (SAR) derivatives to investigate their anti-plasmodial activity. Among them, QP11, featuring a m-NO2 substitution, demonstrated efficacy against both chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant parasite strains. QP11 selectively inhibited FP2, a cysteine protease involved in hemoglobin degradation, and showed synergistic effects when combined with chloroquine. Additionally, QP11 hindered hemoglobin degradation and hemozoin formation within the parasite. Metabolic stability studies indicated high stability of QP11, making it a promising antimalarial candidate. In vivo evaluation using a murine malaria model demonstrated QP11's efficacy in eradicating parasite growth without neurotoxicity, presenting it as a promising compound for novel antimalarial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amad Uddin
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India; Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sonal Gupta
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rumaisha Shoaib
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India; Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Babita Aneja
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Iram Irfan
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Kanika Gupta
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Neha Rawat
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jill Combrinck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa
| | - Bhumika Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India; National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, 110077, India
| | - Mohd Aleem
- Division of Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Phool Hasan
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mukesh C Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Yashpal S Chhonker
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986145, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6145, USA
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986145, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6145, USA
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kailash Pandey
- National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, 110077, India
| | - Mohamed F Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daryl J Murry
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986145, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6145, USA
| | - Timothy J Egan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa
| | - Shailja Singh
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Mohammad Abid
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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20
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Agalakova NI. Chloroquine and Chemotherapeutic Compounds in Experimental Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:945. [PMID: 38256019 PMCID: PMC10815352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ) and its derivate hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), the compounds with recognized ability to suppress autophagy, have been tested in experimental works and in clinical trials as adjuvant therapy for the treatment of tumors of different origin to increase the efficacy of cytotoxic agents. Such a strategy can be effective in overcoming the resistance of cancer cells to standard chemotherapy or anti-angiogenic therapy. This review presents the results of the combined application of CQ/HCQ with conventional chemotherapy drugs (doxorubicin, paclitaxel, platinum-based compounds, gemcitabine, tyrosine kinases and PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors, and other agents) for the treatment of different malignancies obtained in experiments on cultured cancer cells, animal xenografts models, and in a few clinical trials. The effects of such an approach on the viability of cancer cells or tumor growth, as well as autophagy-dependent and -independent molecular mechanisms underlying cellular responses of cancer cells to CQ/HCQ, are summarized. Although the majority of experimental in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that CQ/HCQ can effectively sensitize cancer cells to cytotoxic agents and increase the potential of chemotherapy, the results of clinical trials are often inconsistent. Nevertheless, the pharmacological suppression of autophagy remains a promising tool for increasing the efficacy of standard chemotherapy, and the development of more specific inhibitors is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia I Agalakova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint-Petersburg 194223, Russia
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21
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Palomba M, Vecchio D, Allavena G, Capaccio V, De Mei C, Scarpelli R, Grimaldi B. Identification of a Dual Autophagy and REV-ERB Inhibitor with in Vivo Anticancer Efficacy. J Med Chem 2024; 67:349-379. [PMID: 38117953 PMCID: PMC10788905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The autophagy process appears as a promising target for anticancer interventions. Chloroquine (CQ) and its derivative hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are the only FDA-approved autophagy flux inhibitors. Although diverse anticancer clinical trials are providing encouraging results, several limitations associated with the need of high dosage and long-term administration of these autophagy inhibitors are also emerging. We showed that the inhibition of REV-ERB, a nuclear receptor regulating circadian rhythm and metabolism, enhances CQ-mediated cancer cell death and identified a class of dual inhibitors of autophagy and REV-ERB displaying an in vitro anticancer activity against diverse tumor cells greatly higher than CQ. Herein, we describe our lead optimization strategy that led to the identification of compound 24 as a dual autophagy and REV-ERB inhibitor, showing improved potency in blocking autophagy, enhanced toxicity against cancer cells, optimal drug-like properties, and efficacy in a mouse xenograft model of melanoma as a single anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Palomba
- Molecular
Medicine, Medicinal Chemistry and Technologies for Drug Discovery and Delivery
Facility, Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications, Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Donatella Vecchio
- Molecular
Medicine, Medicinal Chemistry and Technologies for Drug Discovery and Delivery
Facility, Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications, Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Giulia Allavena
- Molecular
Medicine, Medicinal Chemistry and Technologies for Drug Discovery and Delivery
Facility, Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications, Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Vito Capaccio
- Molecular
Medicine, Medicinal Chemistry and Technologies for Drug Discovery and Delivery
Facility, Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications, Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Claudia De Mei
- Molecular
Medicine, Medicinal Chemistry and Technologies for Drug Discovery and Delivery
Facility, Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications, Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Rita Scarpelli
- Molecular
Medicine, Medicinal Chemistry and Technologies for Drug Discovery and Delivery
Facility, Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications, Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Benedetto Grimaldi
- Molecular
Medicine, Medicinal Chemistry and Technologies for Drug Discovery and Delivery
Facility, Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications, Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
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22
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Gao M, Deng H, Zhang Y, Wang H, Liu R, Hou W, Zhang W. Hyaluronan nanogel co-loaded with chloroquine to enhance intracellular cisplatin delivery through lysosomal permeabilization and lysophagy inhibition. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121415. [PMID: 37940248 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) has been widely used to construct nanocarriers for cancer-targeted drug delivery, due to its excellent biocompatibility and intrinsic affinity towards CD44 that is overexpressed in most cancer types. However, the HA-based nanocarriers are prone to trapping in lysosomes following the HA-mediated endocytosis, which limited the delivered drug to access its pharmacological action sites and subsequently compromised the therapeutic efficacy. To overcome this intracellular obstacle, here we demonstrated the co-loading of chloroquine (CQ) in HA nanogel could efficiently promote the intracellular delivery of cisplatin. The cisplatin coordination with HA generated the nanogel that could also co-encapsulate CQ (HA/Cis/CQ nanogel). Compared with cisplatin-loaded HA nanogel (HA/Cis), HA/Cis/CQ significantly promoted the lysosomal escape of cisplatin as well as enhanced tumor inhibition in the triple-negative breast cancer model. Mechanism studies suggested that co-delivery of CQ not only induced the lysosomal membrane permeabilization but also inhibited the lysophagy, which collectively contributed to the lysosomal instability and cisplatin escape. This HA/Cis/CQ nanogel elicited less toxicity compared with the combination of free Cis and CQ, thus suggesting a promising HA nanocarrier to boost the cisplatin delivery towards cancer-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China
| | - Hong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China
| | - Huimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China
| | - Runmeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China
| | - Wei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China.
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23
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Torres LAT, Silva G, Alves JSF, Ushida TR, Potenza J, Garcia CB, Sousa LO, Lopes NP, Almeida LO, Leopoldino AM. FTY720 increases paclitaxel efficacy in cisplatin-resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2024; 53:42-52. [PMID: 37946676 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma has high recurrence and cisplatin resistance. As cancer stem cells, autophagy, and sphingolipids have been appointed as associated with chemotherapy resistance, we tested combined treatments targeting autophagy and/or sphingolipid metabolism with paclitaxel using cisplatin-resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. METHODS Cisplatin-resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma cells were maintained under exposition to FTY720 and chloroquine combined with paclitaxel and submitted to viability, clonogenicity, and spheres formation assays. The xenograft tumor model using cisplatin-resistant CAL27 cells was adopted to examine the drug combinations' potential antitumoral efficacy. Using an animal model, sphingolipids profiles from plasma and tissue samples were obtained by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to identify potential lipids associated with drug response. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Our results showed higher autophagic flux in cisplatin-resistant Ooral squamous cell carcinoma (CAL27 and SCC9) cells than in parental cells. The combinations of an autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine) or an autophagy inducer/sphingosine kinase 1 antagonist (FTY720) with paclitaxel (PTX) had a synergistic antitumor effect. Treated CisR cells lost clonogenicity and tumor sphere abilities and reduced proteins associated with proliferation, survival, and cancer stem cells. FTY720 plus PTX had higher antitumor efficacy than PTX against CAL27 CisR xenograft tumor formation. Additionally, increases in glucosylceramide, dehydroglucosylceramide, and sphingomyelin were presented in responsive tumors. CONCLUSION FTY720 sensitizes cisplatin-resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma cells for paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth Andrea Torres Torres
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jovelina Samara Ferreira Alves
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Resende Ushida
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Potenza
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Bernadelli Garcia
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Oliveira Sousa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- NPPNS, Departamento de Ciências Biomoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Andréia Machado Leopoldino
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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24
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Culibrk RA, Ebbert KA, Yeisley DJ, Chen R, Qureshi FA, Hahn J, Hahn MS. Impact of Suramin on Key Pathological Features of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease-Derived Forebrain Neurons. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:301-318. [PMID: 38427475 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by disrupted proteostasis and macroautophagy (hereafter "autophagy"). The pharmacological agent suramin has known autophagy modulation properties with potential efficacy in mitigating AD neuronal pathology. Objective In the present work, we investigate the impact of forebrain neuron exposure to suramin on the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, a major regulator of autophagy, in comparison with rapamycin and chloroquine. We further investigate the effect of suramin on several AD-related biomarkers in sporadic AD (sAD)-derived forebrain neurons. Methods Neurons differentiated from ReNcell neural progenitors were used to assess the impact of suramin on the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway relative to the autophagy inducer rapamycin and autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. Mature forebrain neurons were differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) sourced from a late-onset sAD patient and treated with 100μM suramin for 72 h, followed by assessments for amyloid-β, phosphorylated tau, oxidative/nitrosative stress, and synaptic puncta density. Results Suramin treatment of sAD-derived neurons partially ameliorated the increased p-Tau(S199)/Tau ratio, and fully remediated the increased glutathione to oxidized nitric oxide ratio, observed in untreated sAD-derived neurons relative to healthy controls. These positive results may be due in part to the distinct increases in Akt/mTOR pathway mediator p-p70S6K noted with suramin treatment of both ReNcell-derived and iPSC-derived neurons. Longer term neuronal markers, such as synaptic puncta density, were unaffected by suramin treatment. Conclusions These findings provide initial evidence supporting the potential of suramin to reduce the degree of dysregulation in sAD-derived forebrain neurons in part via the modulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Culibrk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Katherine A Ebbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Daniel J Yeisley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Fatir A Qureshi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Juergen Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Mariah S Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
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Stanley P, Rajkumari N, Sivaradjy M. Molecular detection of antimalarial resistance in Plasmodium vivax isolates from a tertiary care setting in Puducherry. Indian J Med Microbiol 2024; 47:100496. [PMID: 37949233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2023.100496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study was aimed at detecting the mutation patterns in the drug targets in Plasmodium vivax that confer resistance to the common antimalarial agents used in India. METHODS A total of 27 Plasmodium vivax isolates collected from whole blood samples over a three year period were subjected to PCR amplification followed by sequencing of the genes pvmdr1, pvdhfr, pvdhps and pvk12, which serve as the molecular targets to detect resistance to chloroquine, pyrimethamine, sulfadoxine and artemisinin respectively. RESULTS The study found T958 M F1076L double mutants of pvmdr1 in 52 %(14/27) isolates, S58R S117 N double mutants of pvdhfr in 67 % (18/27) isolates, A383G A553G double mutant pvdhps in 59 % (16/27) isolates and wild type of pvk12 gene in all the isolates. CONCLUSIONS There was a rise in the proportion of double mutants of pvmdr1 and pvdhfr over time. Those cases with double mutant pvmdr1 gene in their isolates were found to have a prolonged hospital stay compared to those without, indicating reduced clinical response to chloroquine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pheba Stanley
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantri Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India.
| | - Nonika Rajkumari
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantri Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India.
| | - Monika Sivaradjy
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantri Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India; Department of Microbiology, ESIC Medical College& PGIMSR, Chennai, 78, India.
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26
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Long J, Wang J, Dong Y, Yang J, Xie G, Tong Y. Prolyl isomerase Pin1 promotes autophagy and cancer cell viability through activating FoxO3 signalling. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110940. [PMID: 38084839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Pin1-directed prolyl isomerization is a central common oncogenic mechanism to drive tumorigenic processes. However, the role of Pin1 in cellular autophagy is still poorly understood. Here we report that pharmacological inhibition of Pin1 decreased the formation of autophagosome/autolysosomes upon nutrient starvation. Inhibition of Pin1 reduced, whereas forced expression of Pin1 increased, the level of LC3 and viability of U2OS and PANC-1 cells. Pin1 could augment the accumulation of LC3 upon chloroquine treatment, while chloroquine also disturbed its function on cell viability. RNA-Seq and qPCR identified altered autophagic pathway upon Pin1 silencing. Mechanistically, FoxO3 was identified critical for Pin1-mediated autophagy. Knockdown of FoxO3 could rescue the changes of LC3 level and cellular viability caused by Pin1 overexpression. In xenograft mouse model, Pin1 reduced the sensitivity of PANC-1 to chloroquine while FoxO3 silencing could inhibit Pin1's function. Moreover, Pin1 could bind FoxO3 via its pS284-P motif, reduce its phosphorylation at T32, facilitate its nuclear retention, and therefore increased its transcriptional activity. S284A mutation of FoxO3 interfered with its T32 phosphorylation, reduced its nuclear localization and disrupted its function to support cell viability upon nutrient starvation. Furthermore, the protein level of Pin1 positively correlated with FoxO3 nuclear localization and LC3 level in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and osteosarcoma samples. Together, this study highlights an important role for Pin1-FoxO3 axis in regulating autophagy and cancer cell viability. Intervening in the Pin1-FoxO3 interaction would serve as an effective therapeutic strategy and the pS284-P motif of FoxO3 provides a potential target for drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Long
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Dong
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Xie
- The Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Rayala R, Chaudhari P, Bunnell A, Roberts B, Chakrabarti D, Nefzi A. Parallel Synthesis of Piperazine Tethered Thiazole Compounds with Antiplasmodial Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17414. [PMID: 38139243 PMCID: PMC10743568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiazole and piperazine are two important heterocyclic rings that play a prominent role in nature and have a broad range of applications in agricultural and medicinal chemistry. Herein, we report the parallel synthesis of a library of diverse piperazine-tethered thiazole compounds. The reaction of piperazine with newly generated 4-chloromethyl-2-amino thiazoles led to the desired piperazine thiazole compounds with high purities and good overall yields. Using a variety of commercially available carboxylic acids, the parallel synthesis of a variety of disubstituted 4-(piperazin-1-ylmethyl)thiazol-2-amine derivatives is described. the screening of the compounds led to the identification of antiplasmodial compounds that exhibited interesting antimalarial activity, primarily against the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistant Dd2 strain. The hit compound 2291-61 demonstrated an antiplasmodial EC50 of 102 nM in the chloroquine-resistant Dd2 strain and a selectivity of over 140.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanjaneyulu Rayala
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (R.R.); (P.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Prakash Chaudhari
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (R.R.); (P.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Ashley Bunnell
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (R.R.); (P.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Bracken Roberts
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (B.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Debopam Chakrabarti
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (B.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Adel Nefzi
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (R.R.); (P.C.); (A.B.)
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Pavić K, Poje G, Carvalho LPD, Held J, Rajić Z. Synthesis, antiproliferative and antiplasmodial evaluation of new chloroquine and mefloquine-based harmiquins. Acta Pharm 2023; 73:537-558. [PMID: 38147482 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Here we present the synthesis and evaluation of the biological activity of new hybrid compounds, ureido-type (UT) harmiquins, based on chloroquine (CQ) or mefloquine (MQ) scaffolds and β-carboline alkaloid harmine against cancer cell lines and Plasmodium falciparum. The hybrids were prepared from the corresponding amines by 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI)-mediated synthesis. In vitro evaluation of the biological activity of the title compounds revealed two hit compounds. Testing of the antiproliferative activity of the new UT harmiquins, and previously prepared triazole-(TT) and amide-type (AT) CQ-based harmiquins, against a panel of human cell lines, revealed TT harmiquine 16 as the most promising compound, as it showed pronounced and selective activity against the tumor cell line HepG2 (IC 50 = 5.48 ± 3.35 μmol L-1). Screening of the antiplasmodial activities of UT harmiquins against erythrocytic stages of the Plasmodium life cycle identified CQ-based UT harmiquine 12 as a novel antiplasmodial hit because it displayed low IC 50 values in the submicromolar range against CQ-sensitive and resistant strains (IC 50 0.06 ± 0.01, and 0.19 ± 0.02 μmol L-1, respectively), and exhibited high selectivity against Plasmodium, compared to mammalian cells (SI = 92).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pavić
- 1University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Department of Medicinal Chemistry 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Poje
- 1University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Department of Medicinal Chemistry 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Jana Held
- 2University of Tübingen, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 72074, Tübingen Germany
- 3German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 72074, Tübingen Germany
| | - Zrinka Rajić
- 1University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Department of Medicinal Chemistry 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Chiou JT, Lee YC, Chang LS. Hydroquinone-selected chronic myelogenous leukemia cells are sensitive to chloroquine-induced cytotoxicity via MCL1 suppression and glycolysis inhibition. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115934. [PMID: 37989415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have provided evidence that repeated exposure to the benzene metabolite hydroquinone (HQ) induces malignant transformation and increases basal autophagy in the chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell line K562. This study explored the cytotoxicity of the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) on parental and HQ-selected K562 (K562/HQ) cells. CQ triggered apoptosis in these cells independently of inhibiting autophagic flux; however, in K562/HQ cells, CQ-induced cytotoxicity was higher than in K562 cells. Mechanistically, CQ-induced NOXA upregulation led to MCL1 downregulation and mitochondrial depolarization in K562/HQ cells. MCL1 overexpression or NOXA silencing attenuated CQ-mediated cytotoxicity in K562/HQ cells. CQ triggered ERK inactivation to increase Sp1, NFκB, and p300 expression, and co-assembly of Sp1, NFκB, and p300 in the miR-29a promoter region coordinately upregulated miR-29a transcription. CQ-induced miR-29a expression destabilized tristetraprolin (TTP) mRNA, which in turn reduced TTP-mediated NOXA mRNA decay, thereby increasing NOXA protein expression. A similar mechanism explained the CQ-induced downregulation of MCL1 in K562 cells. K562/HQ cells relied more on glycolysis for ATP production than K562 cells, whereas inhibition of glycolysis by CQ was greater in K562/HQ cells than in K562 cells. Likewise, CQ-induced MCL1 suppression and glycolysis inhibition resulted in higher cytotoxicity in CML KU812/HQ cells than in KU812 cells. Taken together, our data confirm that CQ inhibits MCL1 expression through the ERK/miR-29a/TTP/NOXA pathway, and that inhibition of glycolysis is positively correlated to higher cytotoxicity of CQ on HQ-selected CML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ting Chiou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chin Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Long-Sen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Koonyosying P, Srichairatanakool S, Tiwananthagorn S, Sthitmatee N. Inhibitory effects on bovine babesial infection by iron chelator, 1-(N-acetyl-6-aminohexyl)- 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one (CM1), and antimalarial drugs. Vet Parasitol 2023; 324:110055. [PMID: 37931475 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.110055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Babesiosis is an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the apicomplexan phylum, genus Babesia. It is a malaria-like parasitic disease that can be transmitted via tick bites. The apicomplexan phylum of eukaryotic microbial parasites has had detrimental impacts on human and veterinary medicine. There are only a few drugs currently available to treat this disease; however, parasitic strains that are resistant to these commercial drugs are increasing in numbers. Plasmodium and Babesia are closely related as they share similar biological features including mechanisms for host cell invasion and metabolism. Therefore, antimalarial drugs may be useful in the treatment of Babesia infections. In addition to antimalarials, iron chelators also inhibit parasite growth. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory efficacy of iron chelator and different antimalarials in the treatment of Babesia bovis. METHODS Cytotoxicity of antimalarial drugs; pyrimethamine, artefenomel, chloroquine, primaquine, dihydroarthemisinine, and the iron chelator, 1-(N-acetyl-6-aminohexyl)- 3-hydroxy-2 methylpyridin-4-one (CM1), were evaluated against Madin Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cells and compared to diminazene aceturate, which is the currently available drug for animal babesiosis using an MTT solution. Afterwards, an evaluation of the in vitro growth-inhibitory effects of antimalarial drug concentrations was performed and monitored using a flow cytometer. Half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of each antimalarial and iron chelator were determined and compared to the antibabesial drug, diminazine aceturate, by interpolation using a curve-fitting technique. Subsequently, the effect of the drug combination was assessed by constructing an isobologram. Values of the sum of fractional inhibitions at 50% inhibition were then estimated. RESULTS Results indicate that all drugs tested could safely inhibit babesia parasite growth, as high as 2500 μM were non-toxic to mammalian cells. Although no drugs inhibited B. bovis more effectively than diminazine aceturate in this experiment, in vitro growth inhibition results with IC50 values of pyrimethamine 6.25 ± 2.59 μM, artefenomel 2.56 ± 0.67 μM, chloroquine 2.14 ± 0.76 μM, primaquine 22.61 ± 6.72 μM, dihydroarthemisinine 4.65 ± 0.22 μM, 1-(N-acetyl-6-aminohexyl)- 3-hydroxy-2 methylpyridin-4-one (CM1) 9.73 ± 1.90 μM, and diminazine aceturate 0.42 ± 0.01 μM, confirm that all drugs could inhibit B. bovis and could be used as alternative treatments for bovine babesial infection. Furthermore, the efficacy of a combination of the iron chelator, CM1, in combination with artefenomel dihydroarthemisinin or chloroquine, and artefenomel in combination with the iron chelator, CM1, dihydroarthemisinin or chloroquine, exhibited synergism against B. bovis in vitro. CONCLUSION Our evaluation of the inhibitory efficacy of the iron chelator CM1, antimalarial drugs, and a combination of these drugs against B. bovis could be potentially useful in the development and discovery of a novel drug for the treatment of B. bovis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongpisid Koonyosying
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Somdet Srichairatanakool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Saruda Tiwananthagorn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Nattawooti Sthitmatee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
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Daisy Precilla S, Kuduvalli SS, Biswas I, Bhavani K, Pillai AB, Thomas JM, Anitha TS. Repurposing synthetic and natural derivatives induces apoptosis in an orthotopic glioma-induced xenograft model by modulating WNT/β-catenin signaling. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:1179-1197. [PMID: 37458120 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastomas arise from multistep tumorigenesis of the glial cells. Despite the current state-of-art treatment, tumor recurrence is inevitable. Among the innovations blooming up against glioblastoma, drug repurposing could provide profound premises for treatment enhancement. While considering this strategy, the efficacy of the repurposed drugs as monotherapies were not up to par; hence, the focus has now shifted to investigate the multidrug combinations. AIM To investigate the efficacy of a quadruple-combinatorial treatment comprising temozolomide along with chloroquine, naringenin, and phloroglucinol in an orthotopic glioma-induced xenograft model. METHODS Antiproliferative effect of the drugs was assessed by immunostaining. The expression profiles of WNT/β-catenin and apoptotic markers were evaluated by qRT-PCR, immunoblotting, and ELISA. Patterns of mitochondrial depolarization was determined by flow cytometry. TUNEL assay was performed to affirm apoptosis induction. In vivo drug detection study was carried out by ESI-Q-TOF MS analysis. RESULTS The quadruple-drug treatment had significantly hampered glioma proliferation and had induced apoptosis by modulating the WNT/β-catenin signaling. Interestingly, the induction of apoptosis was associated with mitochondrial depolarization. The quadruple-drug cocktail had breached the blood-brain barrier and was detected in the brain tissue and plasma samples. CONCLUSION The quadruple-drug combination served as a promising adjuvant therapy to combat glioblastoma lethality in vivo and can be probed for translation from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthilathiban Daisy Precilla
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, 607 403, India
| | - Shreyas S Kuduvalli
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, 607 403, India
| | - Indrani Biswas
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, 607 403, India
| | - Krishnamurthy Bhavani
- Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute (MGMCRI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, 607 403, India
| | - Agieshkumar Balakrishna Pillai
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, 607 403, India
| | - Jisha Mary Thomas
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014, India
| | - Thirugnanasambandhar Sivasubramanian Anitha
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, 607 403, India
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014, India
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Ou M, Cho HY, Fu J, Thein TZ, Wang W, Swenson SD, Minea RO, Stathopoulos A, Schönthal AH, Hofman FM, Tang L, Chen TC. Inhibition of autophagy and induction of glioblastoma cell death by NEO214, a perillyl alcohol-rolipram conjugate. Autophagy 2023; 19:3169-3188. [PMID: 37545052 PMCID: PMC10621246 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2242696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor, exhibiting a high rate of recurrence and poor prognosis. Surgery and chemoradiation with temozolomide (TMZ) represent the standard of care, but, in most cases, the tumor develops resistance to further treatment and the patients succumb to disease. Therefore, there is a great need for the development of well-tolerated, effective drugs that specifically target chemoresistant gliomas. NEO214 was generated by covalently conjugating rolipram, a PDE4 (phosphodiesterase 4) inhibitor, to perillyl alcohol, a naturally occurring monoterpene related to limonene. Our previous studies in preclinical models showed that NEO214 harbors anticancer activity, is able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and is remarkably well tolerated. In the present study, we investigated its mechanism of action and discovered inhibition of macroautophagy/autophagy as a key component of its anticancer effect in glioblastoma cells. We show that NEO214 prevents autophagy-lysosome fusion, thereby blocking autophagic flux and triggering glioma cell death. This process involves activation of MTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase) activity, which leads to cytoplasmic accumulation of TFEB (transcription factor EB), a critical regulator of genes involved in the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, and consequently reduced expression of autophagy-lysosome genes. When combined with chloroquine and TMZ, the anticancer impact of NEO214 is further potentiated and unfolds against TMZ-resistant cells as well. Taken together, our findings characterize NEO214 as a novel autophagy inhibitor that could become useful for overcoming chemoresistance in glioblastoma.Abbreviations: ATG: autophagy related; BAFA1: bafilomycin A1; BBB: blood brain barrier; CQ: chloroquine; GBM: glioblastoma; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MGMT: O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MTORC: MTOR complex; POH: perillyl alcohol; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TMZ: temozolomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Ou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hee-Yeon Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Physics, and Engineering, Biola University, La Mirada, CA, USA
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Thu Zan Thein
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen D. Swenson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Radu O. Minea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Apostolos Stathopoulos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Axel H. Schönthal
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Florence M. Hofman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Liling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Thomas C. Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Kebede AM, Sutanto E, Trimarsanto H, Benavente ED, Barnes M, Pearson RD, Siegel SV, Erko B, Assefa A, Getachew S, Aseffa A, Petros B, Lo E, Mohammed R, Yilma D, Rumaseb A, Nosten F, Noviyanti R, Rayner JC, Kwiatkowski DP, Price RN, Golassa L, Auburn S. Genomic analysis of Plasmodium vivax describes patterns of connectivity and putative drivers of adaptation in Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20788. [PMID: 38012191 PMCID: PMC10682486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47889-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethiopia has the greatest burden of Plasmodium vivax in Africa, but little is known about the epidemiological landscape of parasites across the country. We analysed the genomic diversity of 137 P. vivax isolates collected nine Ethiopian districts from 2012 to 2016. Signatures of selection were detected by cross-country comparisons with isolates from Thailand (n = 104) and Indonesia (n = 111), representing regions with low and high chloroquine resistance respectively. 26% (35/137) of Ethiopian infections were polyclonal, and 48.5% (17/35) of these comprised highly related clones (within-host identity-by-descent > 25%), indicating frequent co-transmission and superinfection. Parasite gene flow between districts could not be explained entirely by geographic distance, with economic and cultural factors hypothesised to have an impact on connectivity. Amplification of the duffy binding protein gene (pvdbp1) was prevalent across all districts (16-75%). Cross-population haplotype homozygosity revealed positive selection in a region proximal to the putative chloroquine resistance transporter gene (pvcrt-o). An S25P variant in amino acid transporter 1 (pvaat1), whose homologue has recently been implicated in P. falciparum chloroquine resistance evolution, was prevalent in Ethiopia (96%) but not Thailand or Indonesia (35-53%). The genomic architecture in Ethiopia highlights circulating variants of potential public health concern in an endemic setting with evidence of stable transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hidayat Trimarsanto
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, PO Box 41096, Darwin, NT, 0811, Australia
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ernest Diez Benavente
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mariana Barnes
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, PO Box 41096, Darwin, NT, 0811, Australia
| | | | | | - Berhanu Erko
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ashenafi Assefa
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sisay Getachew
- Armauer Hansen Research Unit (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Millipore Sigma (Bioreliance), Rockville, USA
| | - Abraham Aseffa
- Armauer Hansen Research Unit (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Eugenia Lo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Daniel Yilma
- Jimma University Clinical Trial Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Angela Rumaseb
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, PO Box 41096, Darwin, NT, 0811, Australia
| | - Francois Nosten
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Julian C Rayner
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ric N Price
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, PO Box 41096, Darwin, NT, 0811, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lemu Golassa
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sarah Auburn
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, PO Box 41096, Darwin, NT, 0811, Australia.
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Elebiyo TC, Oluba OM, Adeyemi OS. Anti-malarial and haematological evaluation of the ethanolic, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of Chromolaena odorata. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:402. [PMID: 37946127 PMCID: PMC10634035 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04200-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a global health challenge with endemicity in sub-Saharan Africa, where there are multiple drug-resistant strains and limited access to modern health care facilities, especially in rural areas. Studies indicate that African traditional medicine could make a substantial contribution to the reduction of malaria-related deaths and achievement of universal health coverage (UHC), particularly in these regions. Thus, this study evaluated the curative antimalarial effects of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract using mouse model. Forty-five (45) albino mice weighing between 18 and 22 g were grouped into nine groups of 5 animals each. Animals in groups 2-9 were infected with the chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium berghei, while animals in groups 3-9 were subsequently treated with 10 mg/kg chloroquine, a combination of 1.4 mg/kg artemether and 8.75 mg/kg lumefantrine (Coartem), and varying concentrations of the fraction from the aqueous leaf extract of C. odorata at day 3 post-infection. The findings from this study indicate that treatment with 400 mg/kg of the ethanolic fraction of the crude extract resulted in a significant decrease in parasite load (97.6%), which was comparable to the activities of the conventional drugs chloroquine (98.6%) and Coartem (98.8%). The ethyl acetate and ethanolic fractions at 400 mg/kg also ameliorated the significant alterations in the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets of the infected animals. The high antimalarial activity displayed by the ethanolic fraction could be due to the presence of quercetin and kaempferol, as detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The findings suggest that the fractions from C. odorata could serve as an alternative source of malaria therapy, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobiloba Christiana Elebiyo
- SDG 03 Group - Good Health & Well-being, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, 251101, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, PMB 1001, Omu-Aran, 251101, Nigeria
| | | | - Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi
- SDG 03 Group - Good Health & Well-being, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, 251101, Kwara State, Nigeria.
- Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, PMB 1001, Omu-Aran, 251101, Nigeria.
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Medicinal Biochemistry, Nanomedicine, & Toxicology, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria.
- Laboratory of Sustainable Animal Environment, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko-Onsen, Osaki, Miyagi, 989-6711, Japan.
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Ding H, Dong Y, Deng Y, Xu Y, Liu Y, Wu J, Chen M, Zhang C, Liu L, Lin Y. Molecular surveillance of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium vivax isolates from malaria cases in Yunnan Province of China using pvcrt-o gene polymorphisms. Malar J 2023; 22:338. [PMID: 37940956 PMCID: PMC10631137 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04776-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of chloroquine treatment for vivax malaria has been rarely evaluated due to a lack of an appropriate testing method. The objective of this study was to conduct molecular monitoring of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium vivax strains from vivax malaria patients in Yunnan Province, focusing on the analysis of polymorphism in the P. vivax chloroquine resistance transporter protein orthologous gene (pvcrt-o). METHODS In accordance with the principles of a cohort study, blood samples were collected from malaria cases diagnosed with a P. vivax mono-infection in Yunnan Province from 2020 to 2022. Segmental PCR was used to amplify the whole pvcrt-o gene in the blood samples and their products were subsequently sequenced. The sequencing data were arranged to obtain the full coding DNA sequence (CDS) as well as the gene's promoter region sequences. The CDSs were aligned with the reference sequence (XM_001613407.1) of the P. vivax SalI isolate to identify the mutant loci. RESULTS From a total of 375 blood samples taken from vivax malaria cases, 272 both whole gene CDSs (1272-1275 bp) and promoter DNA sequences (707 bp) of pvcrt-o gene were obtained. Among the whole CDSs, there were 7 single nucleotide polymorphic sites in which c.7 A>G was the minor allele frequency (MAF) site with 4.4% (12/272) detection rate. The mutation detection rate showed a significant decrease from 9.8% (10/102) in 2020 to 1.1% (1/92) in 2021 and 1.3% (1/78) in 2022, indicating statistical significance (χ2 = 11.256, P < 0.05). Among the identified 12 haplotypes, the majority of which were wild type (75.7%; 206/272). These four mutant haplotypes (Hap_3, Hap_5, Hap_9, and Hap_10) were classified as "K10 insertion type" and accounted for 12.1% (33/272). The detection rate of Hap_3 increased from 1.0% (1/102) in 2020 to 13.0% (12/92) in 2021 and 14.1% (11/78) in 2022, indicating statistical significance. A total of 23.8% (65/272) of the samples exhibited 14 bp (bp) deletions in the promoter region, occurring most frequently in the wild type haplotype (Hap_1) samples at a rate of 28.6% (59/206). CONCLUSIONS In recent years in Yunnan Province, a notable proportion of vivax malaria patients are infected by P. vivax strains with a "K10 insertion" and partial sequence deletions in the promoter region of the pvcrt-o gene, necessitating vigilance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Ding
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Control, Pu'er, 665000, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Control, Pu'er, 665000, China.
| | - Yan Deng
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Control, Pu'er, 665000, China
| | - Yanchun Xu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Control, Pu'er, 665000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Control, Pu'er, 665000, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Control, Pu'er, 665000, China
| | - Mengni Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Control, Pu'er, 665000, China
| | - Canglin Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Control, Pu'er, 665000, China
| | - Li Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Yingkun Lin
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dehong, 678499, China.
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Yang Y, Mou B, Zhang QR, Zhao HX, Zhang JY, Yun X, Xiong MT, Liu Y, Liu YU, Pan H, Ma CL, Li BM, Peng J. Microglia are involved in regulating histamine-dependent and non-dependent itch transmissions with distinguished signal pathways. Glia 2023; 71:2541-2558. [PMID: 37392090 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Although itch and pain have many similarities, they are completely different in perceptual experience and behavioral response. In recent years, we have a deep understanding of the neural pathways of itch sensation transmission. However, there are few reports on the role of non-neuronal cells in itch. Microglia are known to play a key role in chronic neuropathic pain and acute inflammatory pain. It is still unknown whether microglia are also involved in regulating the transmission of itch sensation. In the present study, we used several kinds of transgenic mice to specifically deplete CX3CR1+ microglia and peripheral macrophages together (whole depletion), or selectively deplete microglia alone (central depletion). We observed that the acute itch responses to histamine, compound 48/80 and chloroquine were all significantly reduced in mice with either whole or central depletion. Spinal c-fos mRNA assay and further studies revealed that histamine and compound 48/80, but not chloroquine elicited primary itch signal transmission from DRG to spinal Npr1- and somatostatin-positive neurons relied on microglial CX3CL1-CX3CR1 pathway. Our results suggested that microglia were involved in multiple types of acute chemical itch transmission, while the underlying mechanisms for histamine-dependent and non-dependent itch transmission were different that the former required the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Mou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi-Ruo Zhang
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hong-Xue Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jian-Yun Zhang
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao Yun
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ming-Tao Xiong
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong U Liu
- Laboratory for Neuroimmunology in Health and Disease, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haili Pan
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao-Lin Ma
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bao-Ming Li
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiyun Peng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Gao D, Wang R, Gong Y, Yu X, Niu Q, Yang E, Fan G, Ma J, Chen C, Tao Y, Lu J, Wang Z. CAB39 promotes cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer via the LKB1-AMPK-LC3 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:587-601. [PMID: 37726090 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Systemic therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (BC) remains dominated by cisplatin-based chemotherapy. However, resistance to cisplatin therapy greatly limits long-term survival. Resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy still needs to be addressed. In this study, we established three cisplatin-resistant BC cell lines by multiple cisplatin pulse treatments. Interestingly, after exposure to cisplatin, all cisplatin-resistant cell lines showed lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels than the corresponding parental cell lines. Using proteomic analysis, we identified 35 proteins that were upregulated in cisplatin-resistant BC cells. By knocking down eleven of these genes, we found that after CAB39 knockdown, BC cisplatin-resistant cells were more sensitive to cisplatin. Overexpression of CAB39 had the opposite effect. Then, the knockdown of six genes downstream of CAB39 revealed that CAB39 promoted cisplatin resistance in BC through LKB1. Moreover, a key cause of cisplatin-induced cell death is damage to mitochondria and increased ROS levels. In our study, cisplatin-resistant cells exhibited higher autophagic flux and healthier mitochondrial status after cisplatin exposure. We demonstrated that the CAB39-LKB1-AMPK-LC3 pathway plays a critical role in enhancing autophagy to maintain the health of mitochondria and reduce ROS levels. In addition, the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) can significantly enhance the killing effect of cisplatin on BC cells. Compared with gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GC), GC plus CQ significantly reduced tumor burden in vivo. In conclusion, our study shows that CAB39 counteracts the killing of cisplatin by enhancing the autophagy of BC cells to damaged mitochondria and other organelles to alleviate the damage of cells caused by harmful substances such as ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Gao
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Runchang Wang
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Yuwen Gong
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Xiaoquan Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qian Niu
- Department of Pathology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Enguang Yang
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Guangrui Fan
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Junhai Ma
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chaohu Chen
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Yan Tao
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Jianzhong Lu
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China.
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Li B, Du Y, He J, Lv X, Liu S, Zhang X, Zhang Y. Chloroquine inhibited Helicobacter pylori-related gastric carcinogenesis by YAP-β-catenin-autophagy axis. Microb Pathog 2023; 184:106388. [PMID: 37832834 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
YAP participates in autophagy associated with many diseases. In this study, we demonstrate that YAP promotes autophagy by interacting with beclin 1, upregulating beclin 1 and LC3B-II protein expression, and promoting autophagosome formation after H. pylori infection in a vacuolating cytotoxin A-dependent manner. The protein levels of β-catenin in the cytoplasm and nuclei of GES-1 cells and the mRNA levels of Axin2, Myc, Lgr5, and Ccnd1 were increased in H. pylori-infected cells or YAP-overexpressed cells, but were decreased in YAP-silenced cells. The β-catenin inhibitor XAV939 significantly downregulated autophagy, whereas the activator LiCl showed opposite effects. An H. pylori-infected mouse model of gastric carcinoma was successfully established. The mouse model showed that H. pylori infection, when combined with NMU, promoted the tumorigenesis of gastric tissues; increased IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels; promoted NO release; and increased the expression of beclin 1, LC3B-II more than NMU alone. Chloroquine inhibited these phenomena, but did not completely attenuate the effects of H. pylori. These results demonstrate that chloroquine can be used as a drug for the treatment of H. pylori-related gastric cancer, but the treatment should simultaneously remove H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boqing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yunqiu Du
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, China
| | - Jing He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xin Lv
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Sisi Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Liu LQ, Shi WQ, Chen J, Li QJ, Qian-Ling, Wei H, Xu SH, Kang M, Huang H, Chen X, Wang YX, Shao Y. Retinal alterations in evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis with chloroquine treatment: A new approach. J Biophotonics 2023; 16:e202300133. [PMID: 37369631 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of hydroxychloroquine on conjunctival and retinal microvascular density in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. METHODS Ten healthy controls, 10 RA patients who had not been treated with hydroxychloroquine, and 10 RA patients who had been treated with chloroquine for more than 5 years were recruited. Optical coherence tomography (OCTA) was used to examine the conjunctival and superficial and deep retinal microvascular density and compared the differences in microvascular density between the three groups. RESULTS The vascular density in RA group in superficial microvascular was significantly lower than that in control group (p < 0.001). Compared with RA group, the chloroquine group showed statistically significantly lower microvascular (p < 0.001) and deep microvascular (p = 0.018). Superficial microvascular was positively correlated with conjunctival vessel density in RA patients (r = 0.868, p = 0.0048). CONCLUSIONS The use of chloroquine could further reduce the vascular density in the absence of statistical difference in the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qi Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Center of National Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qing Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Center of National Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Jian Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Center of National Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Center of National Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - San Hua Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Center of National Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Center of National Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Center of National Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Center of National Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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Hawadak J, Chaudhry S, Pande V, Singh V. Comparison of SYBR green I and lactate dehydrogenase antimalarial in vitro assay in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2023; 124:107472. [PMID: 37778462 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2023.107472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Several assay methods are in use for monitoring the drug sensitivity of malaria parasites and screening new antimalarial drugs. Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) and SYBR Green I in vitro assays were used to evaluate the drug efficacy of Chloroquine, Artemisinin and Azadirachta indica silver nano particles against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of each compound was estimated with non-linear regression model - dose-response analysis. The consistency between two methods was analysed with Cohen's kappa coefficient, interclass correlation and Bland-Altman plots. No statistical difference was found between IC50 values determined by both assays (p = 0.714). The proportion of resistant isolates to chloroquine according to SYBR green I (43.48%) and pLDH (34.78%) assays were similar (z = 0.302; p = 0.762) with significant concordant between methods (k = 0.819, p < 0.001). The results of pLDH Qualisa assay was comparable with classic SYBR green I assay and can be potentially useful in antimalarial drug efficacy surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Hawadak
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR), Delhi, India; Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shewta Chaudhry
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR), Delhi, India; Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vineeta Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR), Delhi, India.
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Wang HL, Li JN, Kan WJ, Xu GY, Luo GH, Song N, Wu WB, Feng B, Fu JF, Tu YT, Liu MM, Xu R, Zhou YB, Wei G, Li J. Chloroquine enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs against acute myeloid leukemia by inactivating the autophagy pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:2296-2306. [PMID: 37316630 PMCID: PMC10618541 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01112-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is largely hindered by the development of drug resistance of commonly used chemotherapy drugs, including cytarabine, daunorubicin, and idarubicin. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the chemotherapy drug resistance and potential strategy to improve the efficacy of these drugs against AML. By analyzing data from ex vivo drug-response and multi-omics profiling public data for AML, we identified autophagy activation as a potential target in chemotherapy-resistant patients. In THP-1 and MV-4-11 cell lines, knockdown of autophagy-regulated genes ATG5 or MAP1LC3B significantly enhanced AML cell sensitivity to the chemotherapy drugs cytarabine, daunorubicin, and idarubicin. In silico screening, we found that chloroquine phosphate mimicked autophagy inactivation. We showed that chloroquine phosphate dose-dependently down-regulated the autophagy pathway in MV-4-11 cells. Furthermore, chloroquine phosphate exerted a synergistic antitumor effect with the chemotherapy drugs in vitro and in vivo. These results highlight autophagy activation as a drug resistance mechanism and the combination therapy of chloroquine phosphate and chemotherapy drugs can enhance anti-AML efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Lin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jia-Nan Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei-Juan Kan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Gao-Ya Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guang-Hao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Ning Song
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wen-Biao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Bo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jing-Feng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu-Tong Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Min-Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Ran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yu-Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
| | - Gang Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 210023, China.
| | - Jia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
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Johnson TO, Adegboyega AE, Johnson GI, Umedum NL, Bamidele OD, Elekan AO, Tarkaa CT, Mahe A, Abdulrahman A, Adeyemi OE, Okafor D, Yusuf AJ, Atewolara-Odule OC, Ogunmoye AO, Ishaya T. Uncovering the inhibitory potentials of Phyllanthus nivosus leaf and its bioactive compounds against Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase for malaria therapy. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9787-9796. [PMID: 36411736 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2146750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Malaria control efforts have been hampered due to the emergence of resistant malaria parasite strains and the coinciding events of Covid-19. The quest for more effective and safe treatment alternatives is driving a slew of new studies that must be accelerated if malaria can be overcome. Due to its reported antimalarial activity, we studied the effects of extract and fractions of Phyllanthus nivosus leaf on Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) activity using an in vitro assay. This was followed by an anti-plasmodial study using Plasmodium berghei-infected mice and an in silico identification of the plant's phytochemicals with possible pLDH-inhibitory activity. The activity of pLDH was significantly reduced in the presence of ethanol extract and various solvent fractions of Phyllanthus nivosus leaf, with the ethyl acetate fraction having the best inhibitory activity, which was comparable to that of the standard drug (chloroquine). The ethyl acetate fraction at 100 and 200 mg/Kg also suppressed the parasitaemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice by 76 and 80% respectively. Among the 53 compounds docked against pLDH, (-)-alpha-Cadinol, (+)-alpha-phellandrene, and spathulenol, all terpenes from the ethyl acetate fraction of P. nivosus leaf extract, demonstrated docking scores comparable to that of chloroquine. The three chemicals, like chloroquine, displayed important molecular interactions with the amino acid residues of the enzyme's NADH-binding site. According to the in silico ADMET study, the three terpenes have suitable drug-like abilities, pharmacokinetic features, and safety profiles. Hence, they could be considered for further development as antimalarial drugs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titilayo Omolara Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Jaris Computational Biology Center, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Emmanuel Adegboyega
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Jaris Computational Biology Center, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Grace I Johnson
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Jaris Computational Biology Center, Jos, Nigeria
- College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Ngozi L Umedum
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Olasunkanmi D Bamidele
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Ayodele O Elekan
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
| | - Christopher T Tarkaa
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Asma'u Mahe
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
| | - Adamu Abdulrahman
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Olugbenga E Adeyemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Desmond Okafor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Amina J Yusuf
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Tanko Ishaya
- Department of Computer Science, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
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Chen WZ, Shen TY, Wang M, Yuan L, Wang LH, Ding WQ, Shi XX, Wang XF, Bo BS, Liang ZF, Sun YG. An atlas of itch-associated neural dynamics in the mouse brain. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113304. [PMID: 37862165 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The itch-scratching cycle is mediated by neural dynamics in the brain. However, our understanding of the neural dynamics during this cycle remains limited. In this study, we examine the neural dynamics of 126 mouse brain areas by measuring the calcium signal using fiber photometry. We present numerous response patterns in the mouse brain during the itch-scratching cycle. Interestingly, we find that a group of brain areas exhibit activation only at the end of histamine-induced scratching behavior. Additionally, several brain areas exhibit transient activation at the onset of scratching induced by chloroquine. Both histamine- and chloroquine-induced itch evoke diverse response patterns across the mouse brain. In summary, our study provides a comprehensive dataset for the diverse activity pattern of mouse brain during the itch-scratching cycle, paving the way for further exploration into the neural mechanisms underlying the itch-scratching cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhen Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yu-quan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting-Yu Shen
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yu-quan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yu-quan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lin-Han Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yu-quan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wen-Qun Ding
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yu-quan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Shi
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bin-Shi Bo
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Liang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yan-Gang Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
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Yuan X, Ye W, Chen L, Luo D, Zhou L, Qiu Y, Zhuo R, Zhao Y, Peng L, Yang L, Jin X, Zhou Y. URB597 exerts neuroprotective effects against transient brain ischemia injury in mice by regulating autophagic flux and necroptosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:175982. [PMID: 37572942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, and medical treatments for ischemic stroke are very limited. URB597 is a potent and selective inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). However, the effect of URB597 on ischemic stroke and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain little known. In this study, focal cerebral ischemia was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice. Our results showed that URB597 dose-dependently improved neurological function and reduced brain infarct volume and brain edema 24 h after brain ischemia. The most effective dose was 1 mg/kg and the therapeutic time window was within 3 h after ischemic stroke. To further investigate the underlying mechanism, necroptosis and autophagy flux were detected by Western blot and/or immunofluorescence staining with or without chloroquine, an autophagic flux inhibitor. Our results showed that URB597 promoted autophagic flux and reduced neuronal necroptosis after brain ischemia and these effects could be abolished by chloroquine. In addition, we found that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) antagonist GW6471 partly abolished the effect of URB597 against brain ischemia and URB597 upregulated the expressions of PPARα. In conclusion, URB597 exerts a neuroprotective effect in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and this effect may be related to its restoration of autophagic flux and inhibition of neuronal necroptosis. PPARα is involved in the neuroprotective effect of URB597. This study provides novel evidence that URB597 may be a promising agent for the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Yuan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Wenxuan Ye
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Doudou Luo
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Rengong Zhuo
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lu Peng
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lichao Yang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Xiong R, Shao D, Do S, Chan WK. Activation of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Inhibits the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Function by Degrading This Receptor in Human Lung Epithelial Carcinoma A549 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15116. [PMID: 37894798 PMCID: PMC10606571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor and a substrate protein of a Cullin 4B E3 ligase complex responsible for diverse cellular processes. In the lung, this receptor is responsible for the bioactivation of benzo[a]pyrene during tumorigenesis. Realizing that the AHR function is affected by its expression level, we are interested in the degradation mechanism of AHR in the lung. Here, we have investigated the mechanism responsible for AHR degradation using human lung epithelial A549 cells. We have observed that the AHR protein levels increase in the presence of chloroquine (CQ), an autophagy inhibitor, in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with 6-aminonicotinamide (6-AN), a chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) activator, decreases AHR protein levels in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner. This decrease suppresses the ligand-dependent activation of the AHR target gene transcription, and can be reversed by CQ but not MG132. Knockdown of lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2), but not autophagy-related 5 (ATG5), suppresses the chloroquine-mediated increase in the AHR protein. AHR is resistant to CMA when its CMA motif is mutated. Suppression of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in A549 cells is observed when the AHR gene is knocked out or the AHR protein level is reduced by 6-AN. Collectively, we have provided evidence supporting that AHR is continuously undergoing CMA and activation of CMA suppresses the AHR function in A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - William K. Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA; (R.X.); (D.S.); (S.D.)
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Mandal A, Kushwaha R, Mandal AA, Bajpai S, Yadav AK, Banerjee S. Transition Metal Complexes as Antimalarial Agents: A Review. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300326. [PMID: 37436090 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
In antimalarial drug development research, overcoming drug resistance has been a major challenge for researchers. Nowadays, several drugs like chloroquine, mefloquine, sulfadoxine, and artemisinin are used to treat malaria. But increment in drug resistance has pushed researchers to find novel drugs to tackle drug resistance problems. The idea of using transition metal complexes with pharmacophores as ligands/ligand pendants to show enhanced antimalarial activity with a novel mechanism of action has gained significant attention recently. The advantages of metal complexes include tunable chemical/physical properties, redox activity, avoiding resistance factors, etc. Several recent reports have successfully demonstrated that the metal complexation of known organic antimalarial drugs can overcome drug resistance by showing enhanced activities than the parent drugs. This review has discussed the fruitful research works done in the past few years falling into this criterion. Based on transition metal series (3d, 4d, or 5d), the antimalarial metal complexes have been divided into three broad categories (3d, 4d, or 5d metal-based), and their activities have been compared with the similar control complexes as well as the parent drugs. Furthermore, we have also commented on the potential issues and their possible solution for translating these metal-based antimalarial complexes into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurba Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Rajesh Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Arif Ali Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Sumit Bajpai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), 221005, Varanasi, India
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Giuliano S, Montemagno C, Domdom MA, Teisseire M, Brest P, Klionsky DJ, Hofman P, Pagès G, Mograbi B. Should evidence of an autolysosomal de-acidification defect in Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases call for caution in prescribing chronic PPI and DMARD? Autophagy 2023; 19:2800-2806. [PMID: 37482676 PMCID: PMC10472882 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2214960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Nearly fifty million older people suffer from neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer (AD) and Parkinson (PD) disease, a global burden expected to triple by 2050. Such an imminent "neurological pandemic" urges the identification of environmental risk factors that are hopefully avoided to fight the disease. In 2022, strong evidence in mouse models incriminated defective lysosomal acidification and impairment of the autophagy pathway as modifiable risk factors for dementia. To date, the most prescribed lysosomotropic drugs are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), chloroquine (CQ), and the related hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which belong to the group of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). This commentary aims to open the discussion on the possible mechanisms connecting the long-term prescribing of these drugs to the elderly and the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases.Abbreviations: AD: Alzheimer disease; APP-βCTF: amyloid beta precursor protein-C-terminal fragment; BACE1: beta-secretase 1; BBB: brain blood barrier; CHX: Ca2+/H+ exchanger; CMI: cognitive mild impairment; CQ: chloroquine; DMARD: disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; GBA1: glucosylceramidase beta 1; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography; LAMP: lysosomal associated membrane protein; MAPK/JNK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MAPT: microtubule associated protein tau; MCOLN1/TRPML1: mucolipin TRP cation channel 1; NFE2L2/NRF2: NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2; NRBF2: nuclear receptor binding factor 2; PANTHOS: poisonous flower; PD: Parkinson disease; PIK3C3: phosphatIdylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; PPI: proton pump inhibitor; PSEN1: presenilin 1, RUBCN: rubicon autophagy regulator; RUBCNL: rubicon like autophagy enhancer; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TMEM175: transmembrane protein 175; TPCN2: two pore segment channel 2; VATPase: vacuolar-type H+-translocating ATPase; VPS13C: vacuolar protein sorting ortholog 13 homolog C; VPS35: VPS35 retromer complex component; WDFY3: WD repeat and FYVE domain containing 3; ZFYVE1: zinc finger FYVE-type containing 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Giuliano
- Université Nice Côte d'Azur, IRCAN, CNRS, INSERM, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, IHU RespirERA, FHU-Oncoage, Nice, France
| | | | - Marie-Angela Domdom
- Université Nice Côte d'Azur, IRCAN, CNRS, INSERM, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, IHU RespirERA, FHU-Oncoage, Nice, France
| | - Manon Teisseire
- Université Nice Côte d'Azur, IRCAN, CNRS, INSERM, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, IHU RespirERA, FHU-Oncoage, Nice, France
| | - Patrick Brest
- Université Nice Côte d'Azur, IRCAN, CNRS, INSERM, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, IHU RespirERA, FHU-Oncoage, Nice, France
| | - Daniel J. Klionsky
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Paul Hofman
- Université Nice Côte d'Azur, IRCAN, CNRS, INSERM, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, IHU RespirERA, FHU-Oncoage, Nice, France
- CHU de Nice, laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology (LPCE), Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, IHU RespirERA, FHU-Oncoage, Nice, France
| | - Gilles Pagès
- Université Nice Côte d'Azur, IRCAN, CNRS, INSERM, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, IHU RespirERA, FHU-Oncoage, Nice, France
| | - Baharia Mograbi
- Université Nice Côte d'Azur, IRCAN, CNRS, INSERM, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, IHU RespirERA, FHU-Oncoage, Nice, France
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Yang YY, Du LX, Zhu JY, Yi T, Yang YC, Qiao Z, Maoying QL, Chu YX, Wang YQ, Mi WL. Antipruritic effects of geraniol on acute and chronic itch via modulating spinal GABA/GRPR signaling. Phytomedicine 2023; 119:154969. [PMID: 37516088 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Itch (pruritus) is a common unpleasant feeling, often accompanied by the urge of scratching the skin. It is the main symptom of many systemic and skin diseases, which can seriously affect the patient's quality of life. Geraniol (GE; trans-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol) is a natural monoterpene with diverse effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-nociceptive, and anticancer properties. The study aims to examine the effects of GE on acute and chronic itch, and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Acute itch was investigated by using Chloroquine and compound 48/80 induced model, followed by manifestation of diphenylcyclopropenone (DCP)-induced allergic contact dermatitis and the acetone-ether-water (AEW)-induced dry skin model in mice. The scratching behavior, skin thickness, c-Fos expression, and GRPR protein expression in the spinal cord were subsequently monitored and evaluated by behavioral tests as well as pharmacological and pharmacogenetic technologies. RESULTS Dose-dependent intraperitoneal injection of GE alleviated the acute itch, induced by chloroquine and compound 48/80, as well as increased the spinal c-Fos expression. Intrathecal administration of GE suppressed the GABAA receptor inhibitor bicuculline-induced itch, GRP-induced itch, and the GABAergic neuron inhibition-induced itch. Furthermore, the subeffective dose of bicuculline blocked the anti-pruritic effect of GE on the chloroquine and compound 48/80 induced acute itch. GE also attenuated DCP and AEW-induced chronic itch, as well as the increase of spinal GRPR expression in DCP mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS GE alleviates both acute and chronic itch via modulating the spinal GABA/GRPR signaling in mice. Findings of this study reveal that GE may provide promising therapeutic options for itch management. Also, considering the pivotal role of essential oils in aromatherapy, GE has great application potential in aromatherapy for treating skin diseases, and especially the skin with severe pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yue Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li-Xia Du
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian-Yu Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ting Yi
- Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ya-Chen Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zheng Qiao
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi-Liang Maoying
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu-Xia Chu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Qing Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Li Mi
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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49
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Rashidzadeh H, Ramazani A, Tabatabaei Rezaei SJ, Danafar H, Rahmani S, Veisi H, Rajaeinejad M, Jamalpoor Z, Hami Z. Targeted co-delivery of methotrexate and chloroquine via a pH/enzyme-responsive biocompatible polymeric nanohydrogel for colorectal cancer treatment. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2023; 34:1824-1842. [PMID: 36869798 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2187986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Application of conventional chemotherapy regardless of its unique effectiveness have been gradually being edged aside due to limited targeting capability, lack of selectivity and chemotherapy-associated side effects. To this end, colon-targeted nanoparticles via combination therapy have shown great therapeutic potential against cancer. Herein, pH/enzyme-responsive biocompatible polymeric nanohydrogels based on poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) containing methotrexate (MTX) and chloroquine (CQ) were fabricated. PMAA-MTX-CQ exhibited high drug loading capacity of which MTX was 4.99% and was CQ 25.01% and displayed pH/enzyme-triggered drug release behavior. Higher CQ release rate (76%) under simulated acidic microenvironment of tumor tissue whereas 39% of CQ was released under normal physiological conditions. Intestinally, MTX release was facilitated in the presence of proteinase K enzyme. TEM image demonstrated spherical morphology with particle size of less than 50 nm. In vitro and in vivo toxicity assessments indicated that developed nanoplatforms possessed great biocompatibility. These nanohydrogels did not cause any adverse effects against Artemia Salina and HFF2 cells (around 100% cell viability) which highlight the safety of prepared nanohydrogels. There was no death in mice received different concentrations of nanohydrogel through oral administration and less than 5% hemolysis was found in red blood cells incubated with PMAA nanohydrogels. In vitro anti-cancer results showed that combination therapy based on PMAA-MTX-CQ can effectively suppress the growth of SW480 colon cancer cells (29% cell viability) compared to monotherapy. Altogether, these findings suggest that pH/enzyme-responsive PMAA-MTX-CQ could effectively inhibit cancer cell growth and progression via site-specific delivery of its cargo in a safe and controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Rashidzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyed Jamal Tabatabaei Rezaei
- Laboratory of Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Danafar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Shayan Rahmani
- Laboratory of Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hassan Veisi
- Laboratory of Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rajaeinejad
- AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA-CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Jamalpoor
- Trauma Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hami
- Toxicology Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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50
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Hochegger P, Hermann T, Dolensky J, Seebacher W, Saf R, Pferschy-Wenzig EM, Kaiser M, Mäser P, Weis R. Structure-Activity Relationships and Antiplasmodial Potencies of Novel 3,4-Disubstituted 1,2,5-Oxadiazoles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14480. [PMID: 37833929 PMCID: PMC10572347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The 4-substituted 3-amino-1,2,5-oxadiazole 1 from the Malaria Box Project of the Medicines for Malaria Venture foundation shows very promising selectivity and in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum. Within the first series of new compounds, various 3-acylamino analogs were prepared. This paper now focuses on the investigation of the importance of the aromatic substituent in ring position 4. A number of new structure-activity relationships were elaborated, showing that antiplasmodial activity and selectivity strongly depend on the substitution pattern of the 4-phenyl moiety. In addition, physicochemical parameters relevant for drug development were calculated (logP and ligand efficiency) or determined experimentally (CYP3A4-inhibition and aqueous solubility). N-[4-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl]-3-methylbenzamide 51 showed high in vitro activity against the chloroquine-sensitive strain NF54 of P. falciparum (PfNF54 IC50 = 0.034 µM), resulting in a very promising selectivity index of 1526.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Hochegger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria; (P.H.); (J.D.); (W.S.); (R.W.)
| | - Theresa Hermann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria; (P.H.); (J.D.); (W.S.); (R.W.)
| | - Johanna Dolensky
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria; (P.H.); (J.D.); (W.S.); (R.W.)
| | - Werner Seebacher
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria; (P.H.); (J.D.); (W.S.); (R.W.)
| | - Robert Saf
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Beethovenstraße 8, A-8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstraße 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (M.K.); (P.M.)
- Faculty of Philosophy and Natural Sciences, University of Basel, Swiss TPH, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Mäser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstraße 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (M.K.); (P.M.)
- Faculty of Philosophy and Natural Sciences, University of Basel, Swiss TPH, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Weis
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria; (P.H.); (J.D.); (W.S.); (R.W.)
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