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Chiou JT, Lee YC, Chang LS. Hydroquinone-selected chronic myelogenous leukemia cells are sensitive to chloroquine-induced cytotoxicity via MCL1 suppression and glycolysis inhibition. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115934. [PMID: 37989415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have provided evidence that repeated exposure to the benzene metabolite hydroquinone (HQ) induces malignant transformation and increases basal autophagy in the chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell line K562. This study explored the cytotoxicity of the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) on parental and HQ-selected K562 (K562/HQ) cells. CQ triggered apoptosis in these cells independently of inhibiting autophagic flux; however, in K562/HQ cells, CQ-induced cytotoxicity was higher than in K562 cells. Mechanistically, CQ-induced NOXA upregulation led to MCL1 downregulation and mitochondrial depolarization in K562/HQ cells. MCL1 overexpression or NOXA silencing attenuated CQ-mediated cytotoxicity in K562/HQ cells. CQ triggered ERK inactivation to increase Sp1, NFκB, and p300 expression, and co-assembly of Sp1, NFκB, and p300 in the miR-29a promoter region coordinately upregulated miR-29a transcription. CQ-induced miR-29a expression destabilized tristetraprolin (TTP) mRNA, which in turn reduced TTP-mediated NOXA mRNA decay, thereby increasing NOXA protein expression. A similar mechanism explained the CQ-induced downregulation of MCL1 in K562 cells. K562/HQ cells relied more on glycolysis for ATP production than K562 cells, whereas inhibition of glycolysis by CQ was greater in K562/HQ cells than in K562 cells. Likewise, CQ-induced MCL1 suppression and glycolysis inhibition resulted in higher cytotoxicity in CML KU812/HQ cells than in KU812 cells. Taken together, our data confirm that CQ inhibits MCL1 expression through the ERK/miR-29a/TTP/NOXA pathway, and that inhibition of glycolysis is positively correlated to higher cytotoxicity of CQ on HQ-selected CML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ting Chiou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chin Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Long-Sen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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2
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Nishiyama T, Tsujinaka H, Ueda T, Ogata N. Alteration in Melanin Content in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells upon Hydroquinone Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16801. [PMID: 38069124 PMCID: PMC10706107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal pigmentation or depigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a precursor to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). In this study, we evaluated the effects of hydroquinone (HQ), the most potent reductant in cigarette smoke, on the melanin production in RPE cells. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived RPE and adult retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells were cultured with HQ. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression of melanin-related genes decreased due to the addition of HQ for 1 day. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent immunoassay showed that the concentration of melanin significantly decreased due to the addition of HQ for 24 h. A suspension of RPE cells with HQ for 24 h was prepared, and the absorbance was measured. The absorbance decreased particularly under blue light, suggesting that blue light may reach the choroid and cause choroidal inflammation. Additionally, melanin levels significantly decreased due to the addition of HQ for 1 week. After blue light irradiation on the RPE with HQ for 1 week, the vascular endothelial growth factor in the medium was significantly higher in the HQ group than in the control group. HQ-induced changes in melanin production may be responsible for the uneven pigmentation of the RPE, and these changes may cause nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tetsuo Ueda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
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Montecino-Garrido H, Sepúlveda M, Méndez D, Monroy-Cárdenas M, Alfaro S, González-Avendaño M, Caballero J, Urra FA, Araya-Maturana R, Fuentes E. Assessing mitochondria-targeted acyl hydroquinones on the mitochondrial platelet function and cytotoxic activity: Role of the linker length. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:26-36. [PMID: 37516371 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+) linked to phenolic compounds by alkyl chains has a significant relevance as a mitochondrial delivery strategy in biomedicine because it affects mitochondrial bioenergetics in models of noncommunicable diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular-related conditions. Studies indicate that a long alkyl chain (10-12 carbon) increases the mitochondrial accumulation of TPP+-linked drugs. In contrast, other studies show that these compounds are consistently toxic to micromolar concentrations (as observed in platelets). In the present study, we evaluated the in vitro effect of three series of triphenylphosphonium-linked acyl hydroquinones derivates on the metabolism and function of human platelets using 3-9 carbons for the alkyl linker. Those were assessed to determine the role of the length of the alkyl chain linker on platelet toxicity. METHODS Human platelets were exposed in vitro to different concentrations (2-40 μM) of every compound; cellular viability, phosphatidylserine exposition, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), intracellular calcium release, and intracellular ROS generation were assessed by flow cytometry. An in silico energetic profile was generated with Umbrella sampling molecular dynamics (MD). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS There was an increase in cytotoxic activity directly related to the length of the acyl chain and lipophilicity, as seen by three techniques, and this was consistent with a decrease in ΔΨm. The in silico energetic profiles point out that the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane may be involved in the cytotoxicity of phosphonium salts. This information may be relevant for the design of new TPP+ -based drugs with a safe cardiovascular profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Montecino-Garrido
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (ACT210097), Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Magdalena Sepúlveda
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (ACT210097), Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Diego Méndez
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (ACT210097), Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Matías Monroy-Cárdenas
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Sergio Alfaro
- Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Mariela González-Avendaño
- Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Julio Caballero
- Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Félix A Urra
- Laboratory of Metabolic Plasticity and Bioenergetics, Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (ACT210097), Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
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Fuentes E, Arauna D, Araya-Maturana R. Regulation of mitochondrial function by hydroquinone derivatives as prevention of platelet activation. Thromb Res 2023; 230:55-63. [PMID: 37639783 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Platelet activation plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of thrombotic events in different diseases (e.g., cancer, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's, and cardiovascular diseases, and even in patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019). Therefore, antiplatelet therapy is essential to reduce thrombus formation. However, the utility of current antiplatelet drugs is limited. Therefore, identifying novel antiplatelet compounds is very important in developing new drugs. In this context, the involvement of mitochondrial function as an efficient energy source required for platelet activation is currently accepted; however, its contribution as an antiplatelet target still has little been exploited. Regarding this, the intramolecular hydrogen bonding of hydroquinone derivatives has been described as a structural motif that allows the reach of small molecules at mitochondria, which can exert antiplatelet activity, among others. In this review, we describe the role of mitochondrial function in platelet activation and how hydroquinone derivatives exert antiplatelet activity through mitochondrial regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3480094, Chile.
| | - Diego Arauna
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
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Wang LJ, Lee YC, Chiou JT, Chen YJ, Chang LS. Effects of SIDT2 on the miR-25/NOX4/HuR axis and SIRT3 mRNA stability lead to ROS-mediated TNF-α expression in hydroquinone-treated leukemia cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2207-2225. [PMID: 35302183 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies indicated that the benzene metabolite hydroquinone (HQ) evokes the ROS/p38 MAPK/protein phosphatase 2A/tristetraprolin axis, leading to increased TNF-α expression in human acute myeloid leukemia cell lines U937 and HL-60. In this study, we aimed to identify the upstream pathway involved in ROS-mediated TNF-α expression. HQ treatment increased SIDT2 expression, which subsequently decreased miR-25 and SIRT3 expression in U937 cells. Notably, miR-25 downregulation promoted SIDT2 expression in HQ-treated U937 cells. SIDT2 induced lysosomal degradation of SIRT3 mRNA, but inhibited miR-25 expression through a lysosome-independent pathway. MiR-25 inhibition reduced NOX4 mRNA turnover, resulting in increased NOX4 protein levels. NOX4 induces mitochondrial ROS production and HuR downregulation. Restoration of HuR expression increased SIRT3 expression, suggesting that NOX4-mediated HuR downregulation promotes SIDT2-mediated degradation of SIRT3 mRNA. Inhibition of NOX4 or SIRT3 overexpression abolished HQ-induced ROS production, thereby abolishing TNF-α upregulation. Overall, these results indicate that SIDT2 regulates the miR-25/NOX4/HuR axis and SIRT3 mRNA destabilization, leading to ROS-mediated TNF-α upregulation in HQ-treated U937 cells. HQ-induced increase in TNF-α expression in HL-60 cells was also mediated through a similar pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chin Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ting Chiou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jung Chen
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Long-Sen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan.
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
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Liu X, Yang L, Zhang G, Ling J. Neuroprotective Effects of Phenolic Antioxidant Tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) in Brain Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4909-4923. [PMID: 37191855 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03370-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Human life and health are gravely threatened by brain diseases. The onset and progression of the illnesses are influenced by a variety of factors, including pathogenic causes, environmental factors, mental issues, etc. According to scientific studies, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress play a significant role in the development and incidence of brain diseases by producing pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative tissue damage to induce inflammation and apoptosis. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and oxidative stress-related changes are inseparable factors in the etiology of several brain diseases. Numerous neurodegenerative diseases have undergone substantial research into the therapeutic alternatives that target oxidative stress, the function of oxidative stress, and the possible therapeutic use of antioxidants. Formerly, tBHQ is a synthetic phenolic antioxidant, which has been widely used as a food additive. According to recent researches, tBHQ can suppress the processes that lead to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, which offers a fresh approach to treating brain diseases. In order to achieve the goal of decreasing inflammation and apoptosis, tBHQ is a specialized nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) activator that decreases oxidative stress and enhances antioxidant status by upregulating the Nrf2 gene and reducing nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activity. This article reviews the effects of tBHQ on neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in recent years and looks into how tBHQ inhibits neuroinflammation and oxidative stress through human, animal, and cell experiments to play a neuroprotective role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), stroke, depression, and Parkinson's disease (PD). It is anticipated that this article will be useful as a reference for upcoming research and the creation of drugs to treat brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Medical College, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Jianya Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Cheng G, Karoui H, Hardy M, Kalyanaraman B. Redox-crippled MitoQ potently inhibits breast cancer and glioma cell proliferation: A negative control for verifying the antioxidant mechanism of MitoQ in cancer and other oxidative pathologies. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 205:175-187. [PMID: 37321281 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria-targeted coenzyme Q10 (Mito-ubiquinone, Mito-quinone mesylate, or MitoQ) was shown to be an effective antimetastatic drug in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. MitoQ, sold as a nutritional supplement, prevents breast cancer recurrence. It potently inhibited tumor growth and tumor cell proliferation in preclinical xenograft models and in vitro breast cancer cells. The proposed mechanism of action involves the inhibition of reactive oxygen species by MitoQ via a redox-cycling mechanism between the oxidized form, MitoQ, and the fully reduced form, MitoQH2 (also called Mito-ubiquinol). To fully corroborate this antioxidant mechanism, we substituted the hydroquinone group (-OH) with the methoxy group (-OCH3). Unlike MitoQ, the modified form, dimethoxy MitoQ (DM-MitoQ), lacks redox-cycling between the quinone and hydroquinone forms. DM-MitoQ was not converted to MitoQ in MDA-MB-231 cells. We tested the antiproliferative effects of both MitoQ and DM-MitoQ in human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), brain-homing cancer (MDA-MB-231BR), and glioma (U87MG) cells. Surprisingly, DM-MitoQ was slightly more potent than MitoQ (IC50 = 0.26 μM versus 0.38 μM) at inhibiting proliferation of these cells. Both MitoQ and DM-MitoQ potently inhibited mitochondrial complex I-dependent oxygen consumption (IC50 = 0.52 μM and 0.17 μM, respectively). This study also suggests that DM-MitoQ, which is a more hydrophobic analog of MitoQ (logP: 10.1 and 8.7) devoid of antioxidant function and reactive oxygen species scavenging ability, can inhibit cancer cell proliferation. We conclude that inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation by MitoQ is responsible for inhibition of breast cancer and glioma proliferation and metastasis. Blunting the antioxidant effect using the redox-crippled DM-MitoQ can serve as a useful negative control in corroborating the involvement of free radical-mediated processes (e.g., ferroptosis, protein oxidation/nitration) using MitoQ in other oxidative pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cheng
- Department of Biophysics, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, United States
| | - Hakim Karoui
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR, 7273, Marseille, 13013, France
| | - Micael Hardy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR, 7273, Marseille, 13013, France
| | - Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, United States.
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Heluany CS, De Palma A, Day NJ, Farsky SHP, Nalesso G. Hydroquinone, an Environmental Pollutant, Affects Cartilage Homeostasis through the Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Pathway. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050690. [PMID: 36899825 PMCID: PMC10001213 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to environmental pollutants has a proven detrimental impact on different aspects of human health. Increasing evidence has linked pollution to the degeneration of tissues in the joints, although through vastly uncharacterised mechanisms. We have previously shown that exposure to hydroquinone (HQ), a benzene metabolite that can be found in motor fuels and cigarette smoke, exacerbates synovial hypertrophy and oxidative stress in the synovium. To further understand the impact of the pollutant on joint health, here we investigated the effect of HQ on the articular cartilage. HQ exposure aggravated cartilage damage in rats in which inflammatory arthritis was induced by injection of Collagen type II. Cell viability, cell phenotypic changes and oxidative stress were quantified in primary bovine articular chondrocytes exposed to HQ in the presence or absence of IL-1β. HQ stimulation downregulated phenotypic markers genes SOX-9 and Col2a1, whereas it upregulated the expression of the catabolic enzymes MMP-3 and ADAMTS5 at the mRNA level. HQ also reduced proteoglycan content and promoted oxidative stress alone and in synergy with IL-1β. Finally, we showed that HQ-degenerative effects were mediated by the activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Together, our findings describe the harmful effects of HQ on articular cartilage health, providing novel evidence surrounding the toxic mechanisms of environmental pollutants underlying the onset of articular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Scucuglia Heluany
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 015508-000, Brazil
| | - Anna De Palma
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK
| | - Nicholas James Day
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK
| | - Sandra Helena Poliselli Farsky
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 015508-000, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Nalesso
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK
- Correspondence:
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Kim YG, Lee JH, Park S, Khadke SK, Shim JJ, Lee J. Hydroquinones Including Tetrachlorohydroquinone Inhibit Candida albicans Biofilm Formation by Repressing Hyphae-Related Genes. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0253622. [PMID: 36190417 PMCID: PMC9602536 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02536-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus responsible for candidiasis. The pathogen readily forms antifungal agent-resistant biofilms on implanted medical devices or human tissue. Morphologic transition from yeast to filamentous cells and subsequent biofilm formation is a key virulence factor and a prerequisite for biofilm development by C. albicans. We investigated the antibiofilm and antifungal activities of 18 hydroquinones against fluconazole-resistant C. albicans. Tetrachlorohydroquinone (TCHQ) at subinhibitory concentrations (2 to 10 μg/mL) significantly inhibited C. albicans biofilm formation with an MIC of 50 μg/mL, whereas the backbone hydroquinone did not (MIC > 400 μg/mL), and it markedly inhibited cell aggregation and hyphal formation. Transcriptomic analyses showed that TCHQ downregulated the expressions of several hyphae-forming and biofilm-related genes (ALS3, ECE1, HWP1, RBT5, and UME6) but upregulated hyphae- and biofilm-inhibitory genes (IFD6 and YWP1). Furthermore, it prevented C. albicans biofilm development on porcine skin and at concentrations of 20 to 50 μg/mL was nontoxic to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and did not adversely affect Brassica rapa seed germination and growth. This study indicates that hydroquinones, particularly TCHQ, diminish the virulence, biofilm formation, and animal tissue adhesion of C. albicans, which suggests hydroquinones should be considered potential candidate antifungal agents against drug-resistant C. albicans strains. IMPORTANCE Persistence in chronic infections by Candida albicans is due to its ability of biofilm formation that endures conventional antifungals and host immune systems. Hence, the inhibition of biofilm formation and virulence characteristics is another mean of addressing infections. This study is a distinctive one since 18 hydroquinone analogues were screened and TCHQ efficiently inhibited the biofilm formation by C. albicans with significantly changed expressional profile of hyphae-forming and biofilm-related genes. The antibiofilm efficacy was confirmed using a porcine skin model and chemical toxicity was investigated using plant seed germination and nematode models. Our findings reveal that TCHQ can efficiently control the C. albicans biofilms and virulence characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guy Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sagar Kiran Khadke
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Shim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Scheiber N, Blaser G, Pferschy-Wenzig EM, Kaiser M, Mäser P, Presser A. Efficient Oxidative Dearomatisations of Substituted Phenols Using Hypervalent Iodine (III) Reagents and Antiprotozoal Evaluation of the Resulting Cyclohexadienones against T. b. rhodesiense and P. falciparum Strain NF54. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196559. [PMID: 36235096 PMCID: PMC9573667 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Quinones and quinols are secondary metabolites of higher plants that are associated with many biological activities. The oxidative dearomatization of phenols induced by hypervalent iodine(III) reagents has proven to be a very useful synthetic approach for the preparation of these compounds, which are also widely used in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. Starting from several substituted phenols and naphthols, a series of cyclohexadienone and naphthoquinone derivatives were synthesized using different hypervalent iodine(III) reagents and evaluated for their in vitro antiprotozoal activity. Antiprotozoal activity was assessed against Plasmodium falciparum NF54 and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense STIB900. Cytotoxicity of all compounds towards L6 cells was evaluated and the respective selectivity indices (SI) were calculated. We found that benzyl naphthoquinone 5c was the most active and selective molecule against T. brucei rhodesiense (IC50 = 0.08 μM, SI = 275). Furthermore, the antiprotozoal assays revealed no specific effects. In addition, some key physicochemical parameters of the synthesised compounds were calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Scheiber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gregor Blaser
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Beethovenstrasse 8, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Mäser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Armin Presser
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-380-5369
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Kim S, Lee JH, Kim YG, Tan Y, Lee J. Hydroquinones Inhibit Biofilm Formation and Virulence Factor Production in Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810683. [PMID: 36142597 PMCID: PMC9506180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major pathogens responsible for antimicrobial resistance-associated death. S. aureus can secrete various exotoxins, and staphylococcal biofilms play critical roles in antibiotic tolerance and the persistence of chronic infections. Here, we investigated the inhibitory effects of 18 hydroquinones on biofilm formation and virulence factor production by S. aureus. It was found that 2,5-bis(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) hydroquinone (TBHQ) at 1 µg/mL efficiently inhibits biofilm formation by two methicillin-sensitive and two methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains with MICs of 5 µg/mL, whereas the backbone compound hydroquinone did not (MIC > 400 µg/mL). In addition, 2,3-dimethylhydroquinone and tert-butylhydroquinone at 50 µg/mL also exhibited antibiofilm activity. TBHQ at 1 µg/mL significantly decreased the hemolytic effect and lipase production by S. aureus, and at 5−50 µg/mL was non-toxic to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and did not adversely affect Brassica rapa seed germination or growth. Transcriptional analyses showed that TBHQ suppressed the expression of RNAIII (effector of quorum sensing). These results suggest that hydroquinones, particularly TBHQ, are potentially useful for inhibiting S. aureus biofilm formation and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Yong-Guy Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Yulong Tan
- Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-810-2533
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12
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Yao Y, Song Q, Hu C, Da X, Yu Y, He Z, Xu C, Chen Q, Wang QK. Endothelial cell metabolic memory causes cardiovascular dysfunction in diabetes. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:196-211. [PMID: 33483741 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to identify the molecular mechanism for hyperglycaemia-induced metabolic memory in endothelial cells (ECs), and to show its critical importance to development of cardiovascular dysfunction in diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS Hyperglycaemia induces increased nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signalling, up-regulation of miR-27a-3p, down-regulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (NRF2) expression, increased transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling, down-regulation of miR-29, and induction of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), all of which are memorized by ECs and not erased when switched to a low glucose condition, thereby causing perivascular fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction. Similar metabolic memory effects are found for production of nitric oxide (NO), generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate in two different types of ECs. The observed metabolic memory effects in ECs are blocked by NRF2 activator tert-butylhydroquinone and a miR-27a-3p inhibitor. In vivo, the NRF2 activator and miR-27a-3p inhibitor block cardiac perivascular fibrosis and restore cardiovascular function by decreasing NF-κB signalling, down-regulating miR-27a-3p, up-regulating NRF2 expression, reducing TGF-β signalling, and inhibiting EndMT during insulin treatment of diabetes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, whereas insulin alone does not improve cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that disruption of hyperglycaemia-induced EC metabolic memory is required for restoring cardiac function during treatment of diabetes, and identify a novel molecular signalling pathway of NF-κB/miR-27a-3p/NRF2/ROS/TGF-β/EndMT involved in metabolic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qixue Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Changqing Hu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 Hubei, China
| | - Xingwen Da
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yubing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zuhan He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chengqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyun Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Qing K Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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13
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Park J, Lee J, Jang HS, Jeong B, Choi SY, Kim J, Kwon YS, Yang H. α-Glucosidic hydroquinone derivatives from Viburnum erosum. Phytochemistry 2021; 187:112782. [PMID: 33915418 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Six undescribed compounds (1-6) were isolated from the leaves of Viburnum erosum along with four known compounds 7-10. The structures were determined by NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses, and their absolute configurations were established by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1-6 were α-glucosidic hydroquinone derivatives with different linear monoterpenoid structures. Compounds 1-10 were also evaluated for their tyrosinase inhibitory activities, and 10 showed potent inhibition of tyrosinase enzyme with IC50 value of 37.9 μM compared to 47.6 μM of the positive control (β-arbutin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Seok Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Birang Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yeon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeol Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Bionsight, Inc., Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Bhattarai N, Korhonen E, Mysore Y, Kaarniranta K, Kauppinen A. Hydroquinone Induces NLRP3-Independent IL-18 Release from ARPE-19 Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061405. [PMID: 34204067 PMCID: PMC8229790 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a retinal disease leading to impaired vision. Cigarette smoke increases the risk for developing AMD by causing increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and damage in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). We have previously shown that the cigarette tar component hydroquinone causes oxidative stress in human RPE cells. In the present study, we investigated the propensity of hydroquinone to induce the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. The activation of these cytokines is usually regulated by the Nucleotide-binding domain, Leucine-rich repeat, and Pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. ARPE-19 cells were exposed to hydroquinone, and cell viability was monitored using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide salt (MTT) assays. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to measure the levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 as well as NLRP3, caspase-1, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Hydroquinone did not change IL-1β release but significantly increased the secretion of IL-18. Cytoplasmic NLRP3 levels increased after the hydroquinone treatment of IL-1α-primed RPE cells, but IL-18 was equally released from primed and nonprimed cells. Hydroquinone reduced the intracellular levels of PARP, which were restored by treatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). NAC concurrently reduced the NLRP3 levels but had no effect on IL-18 release. In contrast, the NADPH oxidase inhibitor ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC) reduced the release of IL-18 but had no effect on the NLRP3 levels. Collectively, hydroquinone caused DNA damage seen as reduced intracellular PARP levels and induced NLRP3-independent IL-18 secretion in human RPE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Bhattarai
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (E.K.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (A.K.); Tel.: +358-44-983-0424 (N.B.); +358-40-355-3216 (A.K.)
| | - Eveliina Korhonen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (E.K.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yashavanthi Mysore
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (E.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (E.K.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (A.K.); Tel.: +358-44-983-0424 (N.B.); +358-40-355-3216 (A.K.)
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15
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Guha S, Roy S. Enhanced expression of SLC4A11 by tert-Butylhydroquinone is mediated by direct binding of Nrf2 to the promoter of SLC4A11. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 167:299-306. [PMID: 33744340 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SLC4A11, a Na + dependent OH- transporter, is highly expressed in the epithelium and endothelium of the cornea. Mutations in SLC4A11 cause congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED), a progressive disease with gradual loss of vision and characterized by degeneration and dysfunction of corneal endothelial cells. SLC4A11 expression is also responsive to oxidative stress. Thus, understanding of SLC4A11 gene regulation is of utmost importance for therapeutic interventions. However, it remains elusive how SLC4A11 is regulated at transcriptional and translational level. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis of the SLC4A11 promoter was performed using TRANSFAC. SLC4A11 promoter constructs were generated and exposed to tert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) or cotransfected with Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression plasmid and promoter activity was determined. The expression of SLC4A11 was also determined by quantitative PCR and immunoblot analysis. The binding of Nrf2 to the promoter of SLC4A11 was validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS Induction of Nrf2 by tBHQ or overexpression of Nrf2 caused increased expression of SLC4A11 in HeLa and human corneal endothelial cells. A conserved Nrf2 binding sequence was found in the promoter of SLC4A11 of several mammalian species. Reporter gene assays showed transcriptional activation of the SLC4A11 promoter in response to tBHQ treatment and Nrf2 overexpression. ChIP analysis validated Nrf2 binding to the conserved sequence of the SLC4A11 promoter. Induction of the Nrf2 pathway also resulted in increased endogenous SLC4A11 protein abundance. On the other hand, depletion of Nrf2 inhibited both transcriptional and translational activities of SLC4A11. CONCLUSION In summary, we determined direct Nrf2 binding to antioxidant responsive element site within the SLC4A11 promoter, and observed increased expression of SLC4A11 by Nrf2 inducers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing Nrf2 exerts an important role in regulation of SLC4A11 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjukta Guha
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sanhita Roy
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
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16
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Ujah GA, Nna VU, Suleiman JB, Eleazu C, Nwokocha C, Rebene JA, Imowo MU, Obi EO, Amachree C, Udechukwu EC, Mohamed M. Tert-butylhydroquinone attenuates doxorubicin-induced dysregulation of testicular cytoprotective and steroidogenic genes, and improves spermatogenesis in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5522. [PMID: 33750916 PMCID: PMC7970903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic drug used in the treatment of cancers. It acts by generating reactive oxygen species in target cells. The actions are, however, not limited to cancerous cells as it attacks healthy cells, killing them. This study investigated the benefits of the antioxidant, tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), on testicular toxicity following DOX therapy. Twenty-four adult male albino rats were assigned randomly into four groups (n = 6), namely: normal control (NC), tBHQ, DOX and tBHQ + DOX groups. tBHQ (50 mg/kg body weight in 1% DMSO) was administered orally for 14 consecutive days, while a single DOX dose (7 mg/kg body weight) was administered intraperitoneally on Day 8. DOX decreased sperm count, motility and viability, and decreased the levels of steroidogenesis-related proteins, and reproductive hormones. Furthermore, DOX decreased the expression of antioxidant cytoprotective genes, and decreased the protein level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the testis. Conversely, DOX increased the expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic genes in the testis. These negative effects were ameliorated following the intervention with tBHQ. Our results suggest that tBHQ protects the testis and preserves both steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in DOX-treated rats through the suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin Adakole Ujah
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
| | - Victor Udo Nna
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
| | - Joseph Bagi Suleiman
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana, Afikpo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Chinedum Eleazu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Chukwuemeka Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences (Physiology Section), The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Joy Assima Rebene
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
| | - Michael Umana Imowo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Ochui Obi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
| | - Charlette Amachree
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
| | - Evarest Chigozie Udechukwu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
| | - Mahaneem Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
- Unit of Integrative Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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17
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Baxter PS, Márkus NM, Dando O, He X, Al-Mubarak BR, Qiu J, Hardingham GE. Targeted de-repression of neuronal Nrf2 inhibits α-synuclein accumulation. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:218. [PMID: 33637689 PMCID: PMC7910424 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many neurodegenerative diseases are associated with neuronal misfolded protein accumulation, indicating a need for proteostasis-promoting strategies. Here we show that de-repressing the transcription factor Nrf2, epigenetically shut-off in early neuronal development, can prevent protein aggregate accumulation. Using a paradigm of α-synuclein accumulation and clearance, we find that the classical electrophilic Nrf2 activator tBHQ promotes endogenous Nrf2-dependent α-synuclein clearance in astrocytes, but not cortical neurons, which mount no Nrf2-dependent transcriptional response. Moreover, due to neuronal Nrf2 shut-off and consequent weak antioxidant defences, electrophilic tBHQ actually induces oxidative neurotoxicity, via Nrf2-independent Jun induction. However, we find that epigenetic de-repression of neuronal Nrf2 enables them to respond to Nrf2 activators to drive α-synuclein clearance. Moreover, activation of neuronal Nrf2 expression using gRNA-targeted dCas9-based transcriptional activation complexes is sufficient to trigger Nrf2-dependent α-synuclein clearance. Thus, targeting reversal of the developmental shut-off of Nrf2 in forebrain neurons may alter neurodegenerative disease trajectory by boosting proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Baxter
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Nóra M Márkus
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Owen Dando
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Xin He
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bashayer R Al-Mubarak
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jing Qiu
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Giles E Hardingham
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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18
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Li R, Zhang P, Li C, Yang W, Yin Y, Tao K. Tert-butylhydroquinone mitigates Carbon Tetrachloride induced Hepatic Injury in mice. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2095-2103. [PMID: 32922170 PMCID: PMC7484658 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.45842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) is an antioxidant compound that exhibits cytoprotective effect in many tissues under pathological condition. However, its role in carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) induced liver injury is still unclear. Here we established a carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic injury model in mice to determine whether tBHQ can mitigate CCL4 induced liver damage. In our study, we found tBHQ exhibited protective effects in CCL4 treated mice model. TBHQ markedly improved hepatic function and decreased hepatic histopathological damage in vivo. In addition, tBHQ reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mice model. Moreover, tBHQ mitigated apoptosis of hepatocytes, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in vivo and in vitro. We also found the possible mechanism of protective effects of tBHQ was associated with activation of Nrf2/ heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway. In conclusion, our study revealed tBHQ can be a potential therapeutic drug in treatment of acute hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yuping Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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Bhattarai N, Korhonen E, Toppila M, Koskela A, Kaarniranta K, Mysore Y, Kauppinen A. Resvega Alleviates Hydroquinone-Induced Oxidative Stress in ARPE-19 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062066. [PMID: 32192228 PMCID: PMC7139575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells maintain homeostasis at the retina and they are under continuous oxidative stress. Cigarette smoke is a prominent environmental risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which further increases the oxidant load in retinal tissues. In this study, we measured oxidative stress and inflammatory markers upon cigarette smoke-derived hydroquinone exposure on human ARPE-19 cells. In addition, we studied the effects of commercial Resvega product on hydroquinone-induced oxidative stress. Previously, it was observed that Resvega induces autophagy during impaired protein clearance in ARPE-19 cells, for which it has the potential to alleviate pro-inflammatory pathways. Cell viability was determined while using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, and the cytokine levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were measured using the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (H2DCFDA) probe. Hydroquinone compromised the cell viability and increased ROS production in ARPE-19 cells. Resvega significantly improved cell viability upon hydroquinone exposure and reduced the release of interleukin (IL)-8 and monocytic chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 from RPE cells. Resvega, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and aminopyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid (APDC) alleviated hydroquinone-induced ROS production in RPE cells. Collectively, our results indicate that hydroquinone induces cytotoxicity and increases oxidative stress through NADPH oxidase activity in RPE cells, and resveratrol-containing Resvega products prevent those adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Bhattarai
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (E.K.); (M.T.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (A.K); Tel.: +358-44-9830424 (N.B.); +358-40-3553216 (A.K.)
| | - Eveliina Korhonen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (E.K.); (M.T.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Toppila
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (E.K.); (M.T.); (Y.M.)
| | - Ali Koskela
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (A.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (A.K.); (K.K.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yashavanthi Mysore
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (E.K.); (M.T.); (Y.M.)
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (E.K.); (M.T.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (A.K); Tel.: +358-44-9830424 (N.B.); +358-40-3553216 (A.K.)
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Xiao H, Wang J, Saul A, Smith SB. Comparison of Neuroprotective Effects of Monomethylfumarate to the Sigma 1 Receptor Ligand (+)-Pentazocine in a Murine Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:5. [PMID: 32150247 PMCID: PMC7401726 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.3.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Activating the cell survival modulator sigma 1 receptor (Sig1R) delays cone photoreceptor cell loss in Pde6βrd10/J (rd10) mice, a model of retinitis pigmentosa. Beneficial effects are abrogated in rd10 mice lacking NRF2, implicating NRF2 as essential to Sig1R-mediated cone neuroprotection. Here we asked whether activation of NRF2 alone is sufficient to rescue cones in rd10 mice. Methods Expression of antioxidant genes was evaluated in 661W cells and in mouse retinas after treatment with monomethylfumarate (MMF), a potent NRF2 activator. Rd10 mice were administered MMF (50 mg/kg) or the Sig1R ligand (+)-pentazocine (PTZ; 0.5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (every other day, P14-42). Mice were evaluated for visual acuity (optokinetic tracking response), retinal function (electroretinography) and architecture (SD-OCT); histologic retinal sections were evaluated morphometrically. Results MMF treatment increased Nrf2, Nqo1, Cat, Sod1, and Hmox1 expression in vitro and in vivo. Visual acuity of (+)-PTZ-treated rd10 mice was similar to wild-type mice; however, MMF treatment did not alter acuity compared with nontreated rd10 mice. Cone electroretinography b-wave amplitudes were greater in PTZ-treated than nontreated or MMF-treated rd10 mice. SD-OCT assessment of retinal thickness was greater in (+)-PTZ-treated mice versus nontreated or MMF-treated rd10 mice. Morphometric assessment of the outer nuclear layer revealed approximately 18 cells/100 µm retinal length in (+)-PTZ-treated rd10 mice, but only approximately 10 to 12 cells/100 µm in MMF-treated and nontreated rd10 retinas. Conclusions Activation of NRF2 using MMF, at least at our dosing regimen, is insufficient to attenuate catastrophic photoreceptor damage characteristic of rd10 mice. The data prompt investigation of additional mechanisms involved in Sig1R-mediated retinal neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Xiao
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia,United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia,United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia,United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia,United States
| | - Alan Saul
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia,United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia,United States
| | - Sylvia B. Smith
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia,United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia,United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia,United States
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Zappavigna S, Cossu AM, Abate M, Misso G, Lombardi A, Caraglia M, Filosa R. A Hydroquinone-Based Derivative Elicits Apoptosis and Autophagy via Activating a ROS-Dependent Unfolded Protein Response in Human Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153836. [PMID: 31390836 PMCID: PMC6696486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) has been reported to be highly expressed in brain tumors and to promote glioma cell proliferation. Therefore, we investigated the anticancer activity of the novel 5-LO inhibitor derivative 3-tridecyl-4,5-dimethoxybenzene-1,2-diol hydroquinone (EA-100C red) on glioblastoma (GBM) cell growth. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. The effects of the compound on apoptosis, oxidative stress and autophagy were assessed by flow cytometry (FACS). The mode of action was confirmed by Taqman apoptosis array, Real Time qPCR, confocal microscopy analysis and the western blotting technique. Our results showed that EA-100C Red had a higher anti-proliferative effect on LN229 as compared to U87MG cells. The compound induced a significant increase of apoptosis and autophagy and up-regulated pro-apoptotic genes (Bcl3, BNIP3L, and NFKBIA) in both GBM cell lines. In this light, we studied the effects of EA-100C red on the expression of CHOP and XBP1, that are implicated in ER-stress-mediated cell death. In summary, our findings revealed that EA-100C red induced ER stress-mediated apoptosis associated to autophagy in GBM cells through CHOP and Beclin1 up-regulation and activation of caspases 3, 9, JNK and NF-kappaB pathway. On these bases, EA-100C red could represent a promising compound for anti-cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Maria Cossu
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, Contrada Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
| | - Marianna Abate
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, Contrada Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy.
| | - Rosanna Filosa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Consorzio Sannio Tech-AMP Biotec, Appia Str. 7, BN 82030 Apollosa, Italy
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Roma Str. 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy
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22
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Neupane RP, Parrish SM, Neupane JB, Yoshida WY, Yip MLR, Turkson J, Harper MK, Head JD, Williams PG. Cytotoxic Sesquiterpenoid Quinones and Quinols, and an 11-Membered Heterocycle, Kauamide, from the Hawaiian Marine Sponge Dactylospongia elegans. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E423. [PMID: 31331110 PMCID: PMC6669564 DOI: 10.3390/md17070423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several known sesquiterpenoid quinones and quinols (1-9), and kauamide (10), a new polyketide-peptide containing an 11-membered heterocycle, were isolated from the extracts of the Hawaiian marine sponge Dactylospongia elegans. The planar structure of 10 was determined from spectroscopic analyses, and its relative and absolute configurations were established from density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the GIAO NMR shielding tensors, and advanced Marfey's analysis of the N-MeLeu residue, respectively. Compounds 1 and 3 showed moderate inhibition of β-secretase 1 (BACE1), whereas 1-9 exhibited moderate to potent inhibition of growth of human glioma (U251) cells. Compounds 1-2 and 4-7 were also active against human pancreatic carcinoma (Panc-1) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram P Neupane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Stephen M Parrish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | | | - Wesley Y Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | | | - James Turkson
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Mary Kay Harper
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - John D Head
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Philip G Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
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Wei R, Enaka M, Muragaki Y. Activation of KEAP1/NRF2/P62 signaling alleviates high phosphate-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells by suppressing reactive oxygen species production. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10366. [PMID: 31316111 PMCID: PMC6637199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a complication of diseases and conditions such as chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and aging. Previous studies have demonstrated that high concentrations of inorganic phosphate (Pi) can induce oxidative stress and vascular smooth muscle cell calcification. KEAP1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1)/NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling has been shown to play important roles in protecting cells from oxidative stress. The current study aims to investigate the possible involvement of the KEAP1/NRF2/P62 -mediated antioxidant pathway in vascular calcification induced by high Pi levels. Exposure of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to high Pi concentrations promoted the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the nuclear translocation of NRF2, along with an increase in P62 levels and a decrease in KEAP1 levels. A classic NRF2 activator, tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), significantly decreased ROS levels and calcium deposition in VSMCs by promoting the nuclear translocation of NRF2 and upregulating P62 and KEAP1 expression. In contrast, silencing NRF2 and P62 with siRNAs increased the levels of ROS and calcium deposition in VSMCs. In conclusion, VSMC calcification can be alleviated by the activation of the KEAP1/NRF2/P62 antioxidative pathway, which could have a protective role when it is exogenously activated by tBHQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Mayu Enaka
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Muragaki
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan.
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24
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Jiao Y, Niu T, Liu H, Tay FR, Chen JH. Protection against HEMA-Induced Mitochondrial Injury In Vitro by Nrf2 Activation. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019; 2019:3501059. [PMID: 31089407 PMCID: PMC6476051 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3501059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dental resin monomers such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) disturb vital cell functions and induce mitochondrial intrinsic apoptosis via generation of oxidative stress. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates the gene expression of antioxidative enzymes and plays a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular redox equilibrium and mitochondrial homeostasis. The present study investigated the functional significance of Nrf2 in cellular response toward HEMA. It was found that HEMA stimulation promoted nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and increased Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, which was further enhanced by Nrf2 activator tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), but suppressed by Nrf2 inhibitor ML385. Pretreatment of primary human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) with tBHQ protected the cells from HEMA-induced oxidative injury (increased reactive oxygen species production and apoptosis) and mitochondrial impairment (morphological alterations, decreased ATP production, suppressed oxidative phosphorylation activity, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, and disrupted electron transport chain). In contrast, pretreatment with ML385 increased cell sensitivity to these injurious processes. This protective effect on mitochondria could be related to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α)/nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) pathway. These results contribute to the understanding of the function of Nrf2 and the development of novel therapies to counteract the adverse effects of dental resin monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Department of Stomatology, the 7th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tao Niu
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650000, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- Department of Endodontics, the Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ji-hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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25
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Mimura J, Inose-Maruyama A, Taniuchi S, Kosaka K, Yoshida H, Yamazaki H, Kasai S, Harada N, Kaufman RJ, Oyadomari S, Itoh K. Concomitant Nrf2- and ATF4-activation by Carnosic Acid Cooperatively Induces Expression of Cytoprotective Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071706. [PMID: 30959808 PMCID: PMC6480217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosic acid (CA) is a phytochemical found in some dietary herbs, such as Rosmarinus officinalis L., and possesses antioxidative and anti-microbial properties. We previously demonstrated that CA functions as an activator of nuclear factor, erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an oxidative stress-responsive transcription factor in human and rodent cells. CA enhances the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and antioxidant genes, such as HO-1 in an Nrf2-dependent manner in U373MG human astrocytoma cells. However, CA also induces NGF gene expression in an Nrf2-independent manner, since 50 μM of CA administration showed striking NGF gene induction compared with the classical Nrf2 inducer tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) in U373MG cells. By comparative transcriptome analysis, we found that CA activates activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in addition to Nrf2 at high doses. CA activated ATF4 in phospho-eIF2α- and heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI)-dependent manners, indicating that CA activates ATF4 through the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway. Furthermore, CA activated Nrf2 and ATF4 cooperatively enhanced the expression of NGF and many antioxidant genes while acting independently to certain client genes. Taken together, these results represent a novel mechanism of CA-mediated gene regulation evoked by Nrf2 and ATF4 cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsei Mimura
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Inose-Maruyama
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
- Department of Microbiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan.
| | - Shusuke Taniuchi
- Division of Molecular Biology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Kunio Kosaka
- Research and Development Center, Nagase & Co. Ltd., Kobe 651-2241, Japan.
| | - Hidemi Yoshida
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
| | - Hiromi Yamazaki
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
| | - Shuya Kasai
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiko Harada
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
- Institute for Animal Experimentation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Research Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Seiichi Oyadomari
- Division of Molecular Biology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
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Park HJ, Kang JK, Lee MK. 1- O-Hexyl-2,3,5-Trimethylhydroquinone Ameliorates l-DOPA-Induced Cytotoxicity in PC12 Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050867. [PMID: 30823626 PMCID: PMC6429301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
1-O-Hexyl-2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone (HTHQ) has previously been found to have effective anti-oxidant and anti-lipid-peroxidative activity. We aimed to elucidate whether HTHQ can prevent dopaminergic neuronal cell death by investigating the effect on l-DOPA-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. HTHQ protected from both l-DOPA-induced cell death and superoxide dismutase activity reduction. When assessing the effect of HTHQ on oxidative stress-related signaling pathways, HTHQ inhibited l-DOPA-induced phosphorylation of sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1/2). HTHQ also normalized l-DOPA-reduced Bcl-2-associated death protein (Bad) phosphorylation and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) expression, promoting cell survival. Taken together, HTHQ exhibits protective effects against l-DOPA-induced cell death through modulation of the ERK1/2-p38MAPK-JNK1/2-Bad-Bax signaling pathway in PC12 cells. These results suggest that HTHQ may show ameliorative effects against oxidative stress-induced dopaminergic neuronal cell death, although further studies in animal models of Parkinson’s disease are required to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Park
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Center for Bioresource and Health, College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 194-21, Osongsaengmyung 1-ro, Osong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
| | - Jong Koo Kang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, 1, Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 28644, Korea.
| | - Myung Koo Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Center for Bioresource and Health, College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 194-21, Osongsaengmyung 1-ro, Osong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
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Tran PT, Dat NT, Dang NH, Van Cuong P, Lee S, Hwangbo C, Van Minh C, Lee JH. Ganomycin I from Ganoderma lucidum attenuates RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting MAPKs and NFATc1. Phytomedicine 2019; 55:1-8. [PMID: 30668419 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis are commonly associated with excessive activity of the osteoclast. Ganomycin I (GMI), a meroterpenoid isolated from Vietnamese mushroom Ganoderma lucidum, possesses a variety of beneficial effects on human health. However, its impact and underlying mechanism on osteoclastogenesis remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of GMI on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation in mouse BMMs and RAW264.7 cells. METHODS BMMs or RAW264.7 cells were treated with GMI followed by an evaluation of cell viability, RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation, actin-ring formation, and resorption pits activity. Effects of GMI on RANKL-induced phosphorylation of MAPKs as well as the expression levels of NFATc1 and c-Fos were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Expression levels of osteoclast marker genes were evaluated by Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-qPCR. RESULTS GMI significantly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by decreasing the number of osteoclasts, osteoclast actin-ring formation, and bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner without affecting cell viability. At molecular level, GMI inhibited the RANKL-induced phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPKs, as well as the expression levels of c-Fos and NFATc1, which are known to be crucial transcription factors for osteoclast formation. In addition, GMI decreased expression levels of osteoclastogenesis specific marker genes including c-Src, CtsK, TRAP, MMP-9, OSCAR, and DC-STAMP in RANKL-stimulated BMMs. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that GMI can attenuate osteoclast formation by suppressing RANKL-mediated MAPKs and NFATc1 signaling pathways and the anti-osteoclastogenic activity of GMI may extend our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying biological activities and pharmacological use of G. lucidum as a traditional anti-osteoporotic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Thao Tran
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Tien Dat
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hai Dang
- Advanced Center for Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Van Cuong
- Advanced Center for Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Suhyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Hwangbo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), PMBBRC, Division of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Chau Van Minh
- Advanced Center for Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jeong-Hyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do 24341, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Zhou B, Zhang X, Wang G, Barbour KW, Berger FG, Wang Q. Drug screening assay based on the interaction of intact Keap1 and Nrf2 proteins in cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:92-99. [PMID: 30473361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Nrf2-Keap1 interaction is the major regulatory pathway for cytoprotective responses against oxidative and electrophilic stresses. Keap1, a substrate protein of a Cul3-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, is a negative regulator of Nrf2. The use of chemicals to regulate the interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2 has been proposed as a strategy for the chemoprevention of degenerative diseases and cancers. RESULTS The interactions between Keap1 and Nrf2 in vitro and in vivo were investigated using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) strategies in our study. Nrf2 with its N-terminal fused to eGFP and Keap1 with its C-terminal fused to mCherry were expressed and purified in vitro. When purified eGFP-Nrf2 and Keap1-mChrry proteins were mixed together, a strong FRET signal could be detected, indicating an efficient energy transfer from eGFP to mCherry. Moreover, the FRET was detected in vivo using confocal microscopy in colon cancer HCT-116 cells that were co-transfected with eGFP-Nrf2 and Keap1-mCherry. Finally, using an eGFP BiFC approach, the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction was also detected in MCF7 cells by transfecting eGFP N-terminal fused to Nrf2 (eN158-Nrf2) and eGFP C-terminal fused to Keap1 (eC159-Keap1). Using the BiFC and FRET systems, we demonstrated that the prototypical Nrf2-activiting compound tBHQ and the antitumor drug F-dUrd might interfere with the intracellular interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2 whereas the 5-Fu have little role in activating the protective response of Nrf2 pathway in cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS By analyzing the perturbation of the energy transfer between the donor and acceptor fluorophores and the bimolecular fluorescence complementation of eGFP, we can screen potential inhibitors for the interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Guiren Wang
- Biomedical Engineering Program and Mechanical Engineering Department, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - Karen W Barbour
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - Franklin G Berger
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
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29
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Abstract
Transcription factor Nrf2, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, is considered a master regulator of redox homeostasis and plays a central role in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory defence. It has been largely reported that oxidative stress is implicated in nanoparticle-induced toxicity with the involvement of Nrf2. Several basic methods for Nrf2 evaluation with exposure to nanoparticles are described in this chapter including real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, DNase I footprinting, dimethylsulfate footprinting, protein pulse-chase analysis, and tert-butylhydroquinone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuli Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China.
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Murata T, Kuboki T, Ishikawa R, Saito T, Taguchi S, Takeuchi K, Hatano E, Shimonaka M, Shiina I. Total Synthesis of Violaceoid A and (-)- and (+)-Violaceoid B. J Nat Prod 2018; 81:2364-2370. [PMID: 30375869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of violaceoid A, a cytotoxic agent, and the asymmetric total synthesis of (-)- and (+)-violaceoid B are reported. The precursor was accessed by desymmetrization of a substituted quinol moiety, and the racemic secondary alcohol was kinetically resolved using a chiral nucleophilic catalyst. The asymmetric synthesis of (-)- and (+)-violaceoid B elucidated the absolute configuration of the naturally occurring violaceoid B. Synthetic violaceoid A inhibited the growth of human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and Hs 578T at concentrations of less than 100 μM, while ( S)- and ( R)-violaceoid B were inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatsugu Murata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan
| | - Teppei Kuboki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan
| | - Ryo Ishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan
| | - Takahiro Saito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan
| | - Shotaro Taguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan
| | - Kazuma Takeuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan
| | - Emiko Hatano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan
| | - Motoyuki Shimonaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan
| | - Isamu Shiina
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan
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Boss AP, Freeborn RA, Duriancik DM, Kennedy RC, Gardner EM, Rockwell CE. The Nrf2 activator tBHQ inhibits the activation of primary murine natural killer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 121:231-236. [PMID: 30171972 PMCID: PMC6287942 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) is a commonly used food preservative with known immunomodulatory activity; however, there is little information regarding its role on natural killer (NK) cell activation and function. tBHQ is a known activator of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which results in induction of cytoprotective genes. Activation of Nrf2 has been shown to modulate immune responses in a number of different models. In addition, studies in our laboratory have shown that tBHQ inhibits numerous early events following T cell activation. In the current study, we investigated whether activated NK cells are impacted by tBHQ, since many signaling cascades that control NK cell effector function also contribute to T cell function. Splenocytes were isolated from female, wild-type C57Bl/6J mice and treated with 1 μM or 5 μM tBHQ. NK cell function was assessed after activation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin for 24 h. Activation of NK cells in the presence of tBHQ decreased total NK cell percentage, production of intracellular interferon gamma (IFNɣ), granzyme B, and perforin, and induction of the cell surface proteins CD25 and CD69, which are markers of NK cell activation. In addition to NK cell effector function, NK cell maturation was also altered in response to tBHQ. Notably, this is the first study to demonstrate that the Nrf2 activator, tBHQ, negatively impacts effector function and maturation of NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison P Boss
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States.
| | - Robert A Freeborn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States.
| | - David M Duriancik
- Department of Biology, University of Michigan- Flint, Flint, MI, 48502, United States.
| | - Rebekah C Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States.
| | - Elizabeth M Gardner
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States.
| | - Cheryl E Rockwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States; Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States.
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32
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Hanmer KL, Mavri-Damelin D. Peroxidasin is a novel target of the redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2. Gene 2018; 674:104-114. [PMID: 29953917 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Peroxidasin (PXDN) facilitates peroxidative reactions via utilisation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and has been shown to crosslink collagen IV through sulfilimine bond formation in the presence of hypohalous acids. Aberrant PXDN expression has been associated with kidney fibrosis, cancer, congenital eye defects and various cardiovascular disorders. Since PXDN expression is modified by H2O2, we hypothesized that a major antioxidant response transcription factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), may regulate PXDN expression. PXDN expression in response to H2O2 and the Nrf2-specific inducers, tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) and sulforaphane (SFN), was determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy, in HeLa and HEK293 cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were used to investigate the regulation of PXDN by Nrf2. We observed elevated Nrf2 nuclear translocation and increased PXDN protein expression in response to H2O2, tBHQ and SFN, in both cell lines. We found that Nrf2 binds to and increases luciferase reporter gene expression from the PXDN promoter via a putative Nrf2-binding site. In summary, we show that PXDN is a novel target of the redox sensitive transcription factor Nrf2. This finding further highlights the role of PXDN in redox-related processes and compliments the currently understood pathophysiological functions of PXDN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry L Hanmer
- The School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Private Bag X3, WITS 2050, South Africa
| | - Demetra Mavri-Damelin
- The School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Private Bag X3, WITS 2050, South Africa.
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Seelige R, Saddawi-Konefka R, Adams NM, Picarda G, Sun JC, Benedict CA, Bui JD. Interleukin-17D and Nrf2 mediate initial innate immune cell recruitment and restrict MCMV infection. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13670. [PMID: 30209334 PMCID: PMC6135835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells quickly infiltrate the site of pathogen entry and not only stave off infection but also initiate antigen presentation and promote adaptive immunity. The recruitment of innate leukocytes has been well studied in the context of extracellular bacterial and fungal infection but less during viral infections. We have recently shown that the understudied cytokine Interleukin (IL)-17D can mediate neutrophil, natural killer (NK) cell and monocyte infiltration in sterile inflammation and cancer. Herein, we show that early immune cell accumulation at the peritoneal site of infection by mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) is mediated by IL-17D. Mice deficient in IL-17D or the transcription factor Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), an inducer of IL-17D, featured an early decreased number of innate immune cells at the point of viral entry and were more susceptible to MCMV infection. Interestingly, we were able to artificially induce innate leukocyte infiltration by applying the Nrf2 activator tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), which rendered mice less susceptible to MCMV infection. Our results implicate the Nrf2/IL-17D axis as a sensor of viral infection and suggest therapeutic benefit in boosting this pathway to promote innate antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Seelige
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Nicholas M Adams
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Gaëlle Picarda
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Joseph C Sun
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Chris A Benedict
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Center for Infectious Disease, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jack D Bui
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
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Urra FA, Muñoz F, Córdova-Delgado M, Ramírez MP, Peña-Ahumada B, Rios M, Cruz P, Ahumada-Castro U, Bustos G, Silva-Pavez E, Pulgar R, Morales D, Varela D, Millas-Vargas JP, Retamal E, Ramírez-Rodríguez O, Pessoa-Mahana H, Pavani M, Ferreira J, Cárdenas C, Araya-Maturana R. FR58P1a; a new uncoupler of OXPHOS that inhibits migration in triple-negative breast cancer cells via Sirt1/AMPK/β1-integrin pathway. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13190. [PMID: 30181620 PMCID: PMC6123471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly malignant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells rely mostly on glycolysis to maintain cellular homeostasis; however, mitochondria are still required for migration and metastasis. Taking advantage of the metabolic flexibility of TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells to generate subpopulations with glycolytic or oxidative phenotypes, we screened phenolic compounds containing an ortho-carbonyl group with mitochondrial activity and identified a bromoalkyl-ester of hydroquinone named FR58P1a, as a mitochondrial metabolism-affecting compound that uncouples OXPHOS through a protonophoric mechanism. In contrast to well-known protonophore uncoupler FCCP, FR58P1a does not depolarize the plasma membrane and its effect on the mitochondrial membrane potential and bioenergetics is moderate suggesting a mild uncoupling of OXPHOS. FR58P1a activates AMPK in a Sirt1-dependent fashion. Although the activation of Sirt1/AMPK axis by FR58P1a has a cyto-protective role, selectively inhibits fibronectin-dependent adhesion and migration in TNBC cells but not in non-tumoral MCF10A cells by decreasing β1-integrin at the cell surface. Prolonged exposure to FR58P1a triggers a metabolic reprograming in TNBC cells characterized by down-regulation of OXPHOS-related genes that promote cell survival but comprise their ability to migrate. Taken together, our results show that TNBC cell migration is susceptible to mitochondrial alterations induced by small molecules as FR58P1a, which may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix A Urra
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Felipe Muñoz
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel Córdova-Delgado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - María Paz Ramírez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Bárbara Peña-Ahumada
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Melany Rios
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Cruz
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ulises Ahumada-Castro
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Galdo Bustos
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Silva-Pavez
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pulgar
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA-Universidad de Chile, El Líbano, 5524, Santiago, Chile
| | - Danna Morales
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Diego Varela
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Millas-Vargas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Evelyn Retamal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Oney Ramírez-Rodríguez
- Campus Río Simpson, University of Aysén, Obispo Vielmo 62, Coyhaique, 5952122, Aysén, Chile
| | - Hernán Pessoa-Mahana
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Mario Pavani
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Casilla 7, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Ferreira
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Casilla 7, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Cárdenas
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, United States.
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, United States.
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales and Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico, Universidad de Talca, casilla 747, Talca, Chile.
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35
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García PA, Hernández ÁP, San Feliciano A, Castro MÁ. Bioactive Prenyl- and Terpenyl-Quinones/Hydroquinones of Marine Origin †. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E292. [PMID: 30134616 PMCID: PMC6165040 DOI: 10.3390/md16090292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The sea is a rich source of biological active compounds, among which terpenyl-quinones/hydroquinones constitute a family of secondary metabolites with diverse pharmacological properties. The chemical diversity and bioactivity of those isolated from marine organisms in the last 10 years are summarized in this review. Aspects related to synthetic approaches towards the preparation of improved bioactive analogues from inactive terpenoids are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A García
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Section, CIETUS/IBSAL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Ángela P Hernández
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Section, CIETUS/IBSAL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Arturo San Feliciano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Section, CIETUS/IBSAL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Mª Ángeles Castro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Section, CIETUS/IBSAL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
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Bauman BM, Jeong C, Savage M, Briker AL, Janigian NG, Nguyen LL, Kemmerer ZA, Eggler AL. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: Oxidizable phenol-generated reactive oxygen species enhance sulforaphane's antioxidant response element activation, even as they suppress Nrf2 protein accumulation. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:532-540. [PMID: 29969714 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2 is a master regulator of antioxidant and cytoprotective genes, binding to antioxidant response elements (AREs) in their promoter regions. Due to the therapeutic role of the Nrf2/ARE system in oxidative homeostasis, its activation has been investigated in many pre-clinical and clinical trials for common chronic diseases. One of the most promising Nrf2 activators is sulforaphane, the subject of over 50 clinical trials. In this work, we examine the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on sulforaphane's Nrf2/ARE activation in the non-tumorigenic keratinocyte cell line HaCaT, with the non-arylating oxidizable phenol, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (dtBHQ), as the source of ROS. We find that, in combination with 2.5 µM sulforaphane, dtBHQ markedly enhances ARE-regulated gene expression, including expression of the cytoprotective proteins aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 (AKR1C1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Additionally, sulforaphane's therapeutic window is widened by 12.5 µM dtBHQ. Our data suggest that H2O2 generated by dtBHQ oxidation is responsible for these effects, as shown by inclusion of catalase and by co-treatment with sulforaphane and H2O2. While sulforaphane treatment causes Nrf2 protein to accumulate as expected, interestingly, dtBHQ and H2O2 appear to act on targets downstream of Nrf2 protein accumulation to enhance sulforaphane's ARE-regulated gene expression. Inclusion of dtBHQ or H2O2 with sulforaphane does not increase Nrf2 protein levels, and catalase has little effect on Nrf2 protein levels in the presence of sulforaphane and dtBHQ. Surprisingly, dtBHQ suppresses Nrf2 protein synthesis. Inclusion of a superoxide dismutase mimetic with sulforaphane and dtBHQ partly rescues Nrf2 suppression and significantly further increases sulforaphane's efficacy for ARE-reporter expression. Thus, there is a "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" effect of ROS: ROS enhance sulforaphane's ARE-regulated gene expression even as they also inhibit Nrf2 protein synthesis. This unexpected finding reveals the degree to which targets in the ARE pathway downstream of Nrf2 protein accumulation contribute to gene expression. The results presented here provide a model system for significant enhancement of sulforaphane's potency with small molecule co-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradly M Bauman
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Chang Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Matthew Savage
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Anna L Briker
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Nicholas G Janigian
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Linda L Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Zachary A Kemmerer
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Aimee L Eggler
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States.
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Su X, Zhang J, Li C, Li F, Wang H, Gu H, Li B, Chen R, Kang J. Glycosides of naphthohydroquinones and anthraquinones isolated from the aerial parts of Morinda parvifolia Bartl. ex DC (Rubiaceae) increase p53 mRNA expression in A2780 cells. Phytochemistry 2018; 152:97-104. [PMID: 29758523 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Eight previously undescribed naphthohydroquinone glycosides, namely morindaparvins H-O, together with four known anthraquinone glycosides were isolated from the n-BuOH extract of the aerial parts of Morinda parvifolia Bartl. ex DC (Rubiaceae). The structures of morindaparvins H-O were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first isolation of quinone glycosides from the plant M. parvifolia. The results showed that all 12 compounds at the concentration of 50 μM significantly increased p53 mRNA expression in A2780 cells compared with the blank control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianming Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China.
| | - Changkang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Fenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Hongqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Haifeng Gu
- Beijing Institute for Drug Control, 25 Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Baoming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Ruoyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Jie Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
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38
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Setoguchi S, Watase D, Matsunaga K, Yamakawa H, Goto S, Terada K, Ohe K, Enjoji M, Karube Y, Takata J. Antitumor Effects and Delivery Profiles of Menahydroquinone-4 Prodrugs with Ionic or Nonionic Promoiety to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071738. [PMID: 30013007 PMCID: PMC6100056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) shows poor prognosis owing to its very frequent recurrence even after curative treatment. Thus, an effective and safe long-term chemopreventive agent is strongly in demand. Menahydroquinone-4 (MKH) is an active form of menaquinone-4 (MK-4, vitamin K₂) that is involved in the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent proteins in the liver. We hypothesized that efficient delivery of MKH might be critical to regulate HCC proliferation. The discovery of a suitable prodrug targeting HCC in terms of delivery and activation could reduce the clinical dose of MK-4 and maximize efficacy and safety. We previously showed that MKH dimethylglycinate (MKH-DMG) enables effective delivery of MKH into HCC cells and exhibits strong antitumor effects compared with MK-4. In this study, we prepared anionic MKH hemi-succinate (MKH-SUC) and non-ionic MKH acetate (MKH-ACT), in addition to cationic MKH-DMG, and evaluated MKH delivery profiles and antitumor effects in vitro. MKH-SUC showed the highest uptake and the most efficient release of MKH among the examined compounds and exhibited rapid and strong antitumor effects. These results indicate that MKH-SUC might have a good potential as an MKH delivery system for HCC that overcomes the limitations of MK-4 as a clinical chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Setoguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Watase
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Kazuhisa Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Yamakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Shotaro Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Terada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Kenji Ohe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Munechika Enjoji
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Yoshiharu Karube
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Jiro Takata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
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Fu MH, Wu CW, Lee YC, Hung CY, Chen IC, Wu KLH. Nrf2 activation attenuates the early suppression of mitochondrial respiration due to the α-synuclein overexpression. Biomed J 2018; 41:169-183. [PMID: 30080657 PMCID: PMC6138761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-synuclein (SNCA) accumulation in the substantia nigra is one of the characteristic pathologies of Parkinson's disease (PD). A53T missense mutations in the SNCA gene has been proved to enhance the expression of SNCA and accelerate the onset of PD. Mitochondrial dysfunction in SNCA aggregation has been under debate for decades but the causal relationship remains uncertain. At a later stage of PD, the cellular dysfunctions are complicated and multiple factors are tangled. Our aim here is to investigate the mitochondrial functional changes and clarify the main causal mechanism at earlier-stage of PD. METHODS We used the mutant A53T SNCA-expressed neuro 2a (N2a) cells without detectable cell death to investigate: 1) whether SNCA overexpression impairs the mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis. 2) The role of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signal in SNCA-induced mitochondria dysfunction. RESULTS Accompanying with the increment of SNCA, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was increased. The maximal respiratory capacity was suppressed. Meanwhile, mitochondrial complex 1 activity and the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) cytochrome C reductase (NCCR) were decreased. Moreover, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number was decreased. On the other hand, the nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), Nrf2, and the cytosolic mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) were increased at an early stage and declined thereafter. Above factors triggered by SNCA were reversed by tBHQ, a Nrf2 activator. CONCLUSION These results suggested that at an early stage, SNCA-overexpressed increase mtROS accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction and mtDNA decrement. Nrf2, PGC-1α and TFAM were upregulated to compromise mitochondrial dysfunction. tBHQ effectively reversed the SNCA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Hui Fu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ying Hung
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Chun Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kay L H Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Senior Citizen Services, National Tainan Institute of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Jurica K, Brčić Karačonji I, Kopjar N, Shek-Vugrovečki A, Cikač T, Benković V. The effects of strawberry tree water leaf extract, arbutin and hydroquinone on haematological parameters and levels of primary DNA damage in white blood cells of rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 215:83-90. [PMID: 29288828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L., Ericaceae) leaves represent a potent source of biologically active compounds and have been used for a long to relieve symptoms of various health impairments and diseases. Two major compounds related to their beneficial activities in animals and humans are arbutin and hydroquinone. AIM OF THE STUDY To establish potential benefit/risk ratio associated with daily oral administration of strawberry tree water leaf extract, arbutin and hydroquinone in doses expected to be non-toxic. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a 14-day and a 28-day study on male and female Lewis rats and evaluated main haematological parameters and the effects of treatments on the levels of primary DNA damage in white blood cells (WBC) using the alkaline comet assay. RESULTS Our findings suggest no significant changes in the haematological parameters following prolonged exposure to strawberry tree water leaf extract, arbutin, and hydroquinone. However, hydroquinone causes increased, and extract as well as arbutin decreased WBC count in male rats compared to control after 14 days of treatment. DNA damage measured in WBC of rats treated with all compounds was below 10% of the DNA in the comet tail, which indicates low genotoxicity. The genotoxic potential of strawberry water leaf extract was within acceptable limits and reflected effects of a complex chemical composition upon DNA. We also observed slight gender- and exposure time- related differences in primary DNA damage in the leucocytes of control and treated rats. CONCLUSIONS Future studies should investigate which doses of strawberry tree water leaf extract would be most promising for the potential use as a substitute for bearberry leaves for treatment of urinary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlo Jurica
- Special Security Operations Directorate, Ministry of the Interior, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Nevenka Kopjar
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Tihana Cikač
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vesna Benković
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Byeon SE, Yi YS, Lee J, Yang WS, Kim JH, Kim J, Hong S, Kim JH, Cho JY. Hydroquinone Exhibits In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Cancer Activity in Cancer Cells and Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030903. [PMID: 29562668 PMCID: PMC5877764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroquinone (HQ, 1,4-benzenediol) is a hydroxylated benzene metabolite with various biological activities, including anti-oxidative, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory functions. However, the anti-cancer activity of HQ is not well understood. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer activity of HQ was investigated in various cancer cells and tumor-bearing mouse models. HQ significantly induced the death of A431, SYF, B16F10, and MDA-MB-231 cells and also showed a synergistic effect on A431 cell death with other anti-cancer agents, such as adenosine-2′,3′-dialdehyde and buthionine sulfoximine. In addition, HQ suppressed angiogenesis in fertilized chicken embryos. Moreover, HQ prevented lung metastasis of melanoma cells in mice in a dose-dependent manner without toxicity and adverse effects. HQ (10 mg/kg) also suppressed the generation of colon and reduced the thickness of colon tissues in azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-injected mice. This study strongly suggests that HQ possesses in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer activity and provides evidence that HQ could be developed as an effective and safe anti-cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Eun Byeon
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea.
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Woo Seok Yang
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Jooyoung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea.
| | - Suntaek Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea.
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
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Guan Y, Tan Y, Liu W, Yang J, Wang D, Pan D, Sun Y, Zheng C. NF-E2-Related Factor 2 Suppresses Intestinal Fibrosis by Inhibiting Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent TGF-β1/SMADs Pathway. Dig Dis Sci 2018; 63:366-380. [PMID: 28815354 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the antifibrotic effects of NF-E2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) on intestinal fibrosis. Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication of Crohn's disease; however, its mechanism of intestinal fibrosis is largely unclear. METHODS BALB/c mice received 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid weekly via intrarectal injections to induce chronic fibrotic colitis. They also diet containing received 1% (w/w) tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), which is an agonist of Nrf2. Human intestinal fibroblasts (CCD-18Co cells) were pretreated with tBHQ or si-Nrf2 followed by stimulation with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which transformed the cells into myofibroblasts. The main fibrosis markers such as α-smooth muscle actin, collagen I, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and TGF-β1/SMADs signaling pathway were detected by quantitative real-time RT-PCR, immunohistochemical analysis, and Western blot analysis. Levels of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. RESULTS tBHQ suppressed the intestinal fibrosis through the TGF-β1/SMADs signaling pathway in TNBS-induced colitis and CCD-18Co cells. Moreover, Nrf2 knockdown enhanced the TGF-β1-induced differentiation of CCD-18Co cells. ROS significantly increased in TGF-β1-stimulated CCD-18Co cells. Pretreatment with H2O2, the primary component of ROS, was demonstrated to block the effect of tBHQ on reducing the expression of TGF-β1. Moreover, scavenging ROS by N-acetyl cysteine could inhibit the increasing expression of TGF-β1 promoted by Nrf2 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that Nrf2 suppressed intestinal fibrosis by inhibiting ROS/TGF-β1/SMADs pathway in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yue Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Weiyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital Liaoning Provincial, 33 Wenyi Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110013, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Di Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Changqing Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China.
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Wang Z, Zhao SM, Hu YY, Feng L, Zhao LM, Di YT, Tan NH. Rubipodanones A-D, naphthohydroquinone dimers from the roots and rhizomes of Rubia podantha. Phytochemistry 2018; 145:153-160. [PMID: 29132078 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Four previously undescribed naphthohydroquinone dimers named rubipodanones A-D, together with 19 known quinones containing three known napthohydroquinone dimers named rubioncolin C, methyl 5-hydroxy-dinaphtho[1,2-2',3']furan-7,12-dione-6-carboxylate and rubialatin B, were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Rubia podantha. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined mainly by NMR, X-ray diffraction, and computational methods. Rubipodanones C and D, the glycosides of rubipodanone A and a pair of C-3 epimer, are the first identified dimeric napthohydroquinone glycosides from the Rubia plants. All naphthohydroquinone dimers were evaluated for their cytotoxicities against ten tumor cell lines and effects on the tumor-associated NF-κB signaling pathway, and rubioncolin C showed the best cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 1.53 μM and NF-κB inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 2.97 μM. These results also demonstrated that the key roles of C-3 configuration and sugar group for biological activities of rubipodanone C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Meng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yun Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Mei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Tong Di
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning-Hua Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Cassano R, Di Gioia ML, Mellace S, Picci N, Trombino S. Hemostatic gauze based on chitosan and hydroquinone: preparation, characterization and blood coagulation evaluation. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2017; 28:190. [PMID: 29116465 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-6000-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This work concerns on the preparation and performance evaluation of a new chitosan hydroquinone based gauze for hemostatic use. Chitosan and hydroquinone were firstly connected by etherification and then linked to the pre-carboxylate gauze. The functionalized material and the chitosan-hydroquinone ether were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). FT-IR results showed that an esterification occurred on carboxylic group of the gauze. The gauze functionalization degree was also evaluated by volumetric analysis. The ether hydroquinone content was obtained by the Folin test. Moreover, the linkage between hydroquinone and chitosan was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The hemostatic activity of functionalized gauze was evaluated by dynamic blood clotting assays. The obtained results showed that the prepared material can shorten the blood clotting time and induce the adhesion and activation of platelets. Finally, swelling characteristic of the new gauze was evaluated to confirm its high capacity to absorb the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cassano
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, 87036, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa Di Gioia
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, 87036, Italy
| | - Silvia Mellace
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, 87036, Italy
| | - Nevio Picci
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, 87036, Italy
| | - Sonia Trombino
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, 87036, Italy
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Danielli NM, Trevisan R, Mello DF, Fischer K, Deconto VS, Bianchini A, Bainy ACD, Dafre AL. Contrasting effects of a classic Nrf2 activator, tert-butylhydroquinone, on the glutathione-related antioxidant defenses in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas. Mar Environ Res 2017; 130:142-149. [PMID: 28764960 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nrf2 is a well-known transcription factor controlling a number of antioxidant defense-related genes, which is understudied in bivalves. In this study, oysters Crassostrea gigas were exposed for 24, 48 and 96 h to 10 or 30 μM tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), a classic Nrf2 activator. At 96 h, a clear induction of GSH-related antioxidant defenses was observed in gills of tBHQ-exposed animals, including GSH, glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR). Unexpectedly, the activities of GST, GPx and GR were significantly decreased 24 h after tBHQ treatment, suggesting a possible inhibition, which was supported by in vitro experiments. GR mRNA (24 h) and protein levels (24 and 96 h) were increased by tBHQ treatment, confirming its induction, possibly by the Nrf2 pathway. The conserved domains at C. gigas Keap1 and Nrf2 proteins and the clear induction of GSH-related antioxidant defenses by tBHQ, a classical Nrf2 inducer, support the idea of a functional Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in bivalves. tBHQ also proved to be a tool to explore redox regulatory mechanisms in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naissa Maria Danielli
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Trevisan
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Danielle Ferraz Mello
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Kelvis Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Schadeck Deconto
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Alcir Luiz Dafre
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Chen C, Jiang X, Gu S, Lai Y, Liu Y, Zhang Z. Protection of Nrf2 against arsenite-induced oxidative damage is regulated by the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-protein kinase G signaling pathway. Environ Toxicol 2017; 32:2004-2020. [PMID: 27774770 PMCID: PMC5403658 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Arsenite has been shown to induce a variety of oxidative damage in mammalian cells. However, the mechanisms underlying cellular responses to its adverse effects remain unknown. We previously showed that the level of Nrf2, a nuclear transcription factor significantly increased in arsenite-treated human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells suggesting that Nrf2 is involved in responding to arsenite-induced oxidative damage. To explore how Nrf2 can impact arsenite-induced oxidative damage, in this study, we examined Nrf2 activation and its regulation upon cellular arsenite exposure as well as its effects on arsenite-induced oxidative damage in HBE cells. We found that Nrf2 mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased by arsenite in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, we showed that over-expression of Nrf2 significantly reduced the level of arsenite-induced oxidative damage in HBE cells including DNA damage, chromosomal breakage, lipid peroxidation and depletion of antioxidants. This indicates a protective role of Nrf2 against arsenite toxicity. This was further supported by the fact that activation of Nrf2 by its agonists, tertiary butylhydroquinone (t-BHQ) and sulforaphane (SFN) resulted in the same protective effects against arsenite toxicity. Moreover, we demonstrated that arsenite-induced activation of Nrf2 was mediated by the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathway. This is the first evidence showing that Nrf2 protects against arsenite-induced oxidative damage through the cGMP-PKG pathway. Our study suggests that activation of Nrf2 through the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway in HBE cells may be developed as a new strategy for prevention of arsenite toxicity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 2004-2020, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyan Gu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhao Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Corresponding authors: Zunzhen Zhang, Ph.D., Department of Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China. ; Tel: +86 028 85501298; Fax: +86 028 85501295, Yuan Liu, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8 Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA ; Tel: 305-348-3628; Fax: 305-348-3772
| | - Zunzhen Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding authors: Zunzhen Zhang, Ph.D., Department of Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China. ; Tel: +86 028 85501298; Fax: +86 028 85501295, Yuan Liu, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8 Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA ; Tel: 305-348-3628; Fax: 305-348-3772
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Szafran AT, Stossi F, Mancini MG, Walker CL, Mancini MA. Characterizing properties of non-estrogenic substituted bisphenol analogs using high throughput microscopy and image analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180141. [PMID: 28704378 PMCID: PMC5509144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal studies have linked the estrogenic properties of bisphenol A (BPA) to adverse effects on the endocrine system. Because of concerns for similar effects in humans, there is a desire to replace BPA in consumer products, and a search for BPA replacements that lack endocrine-disrupting bioactivity is ongoing. We used multiple cell-based models, including an established multi-parametric, high throughput microscopy-based platform that incorporates engineered HeLa cell lines with visible ERα- or ERβ-regulated transcription loci, to discriminate the estrogen-like and androgen-like properties of previously uncharacterized substituted bisphenol derivatives and hydroquinone. As expected, BPA induced 70–80% of the estrogen-like activity via ERα and ERβ compared to E2 in the HeLa prolactin array cell line. 2,2’ BPA, Bisguaiacol F, CHDM 4-hydroxybuyl acrylate, hydroquinone, and TM modified variants of BPF showed very limited estrogen-like or androgen-like activity (< 10% of that observed with the control compounds). Interestingly, TM-BFP and CHDM 4-hydroxybuyl acrylate, but not their derivatives, demonstrated evidence of anti-estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity. Our findings indicate that Bisguaiacol F, TM-BFP-ER and TM-BPF-DGE demonstrate low potential for affecting estrogenic or androgenic endocrine activity. This suggest that the tested compounds could be suitable commercially viable alternatives to BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T. Szafran
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Fabio Stossi
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maureen G. Mancini
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Cheryl L. Walker
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Mancini
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- DeepBio, Inc., Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Chamni S, Sirimangkalakitti N, Chanvorachote P, Saito N, Suwanborirux K. Chemistry of Renieramycins. 17. A New Generation of Renieramycins: Hydroquinone 5-O-Monoester Analogues of Renieramycin M as Potential Cytotoxic Agents against Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells. J Nat Prod 2017; 80:1541-1547. [PMID: 28459574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of hydroquinone 5-O-monoester analogues of renieramycin M were semisynthesized via bishydroquinonerenieramycin M (5) prepared from renieramycin M (1), a major cytotoxic bistetrahydroisoquinolinequinone alkaloid isolated from the Thai blue sponge Xestospongia sp. All 20 hydroquinone 5-O-monoester analogues possessed cytotoxicity with IC50 values in nanomolar concentrations against the H292 and H460 human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. The improved cytotoxicity toward the NSCLC cell lines was observed from the 5-O-monoester analogues such as 5-O-acetyl ester 6a and 5-O-propanoyl ester 7e, which exhibited 8- and 10-fold increased cytotoxicity toward the H292 NSCLC cell line (IC50 3.0 and 2.3 nM, respectively), relative to 1 (IC50 24 nM). Thus, the hydroquinone 5-O-monoester analogues are a new generation of the renieramycins to be further developed as potential marine-derived drug candidates for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Naoki Saito
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meiji Pharmaceutical University , 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
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Li J, Gu BB, Sun F, Xu JR, Jiao WH, Yu HB, Han BN, Yang F, Zhang XC, Lin HW. Sesquiterpene Quinones/Hydroquinones from the Marine Sponge Spongia pertusa Esper. J Nat Prod 2017; 80:1436-1445. [PMID: 28398051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b01105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nine new sesquiterpene quinones/hydroquinones (1-7, 10, and 12), three solvent-generated artifacts (8, 9, and 11), and three known compounds, 5-epi-smenospongine (13), smenospongine (14), and smenospongiadine (15), were isolated from the marine sponge Spongia pertusa Esper. The planar structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. Their absolute configurations were determined by comparison between the calculated and experimental ECD spectra. In the cytotoxicity bioassay, compounds 13-15 exhibited activities against the human cancer cell lines U937, HeLa, and HepG2, with most potent cytotoxicities to U937 cells with IC50 values of 2.8, 1.5, and 0.6 μM, respectively. In addition, compound 6 displayed CDK-2 affinity with a Kd value of 4.8 μM in a surface plasmon resonance assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, 200127, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bin-Bin Gu
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Fan Sun
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jian-Rong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 20025, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jiao
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Hao-Bing Yu
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Bing-Nan Han
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xi-Chun Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Hou-Wen Lin
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, 200127, China
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50
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Shintyapina AB, Vavilin VA, Safronova OG, Lyakhovich VV. The gene expression profile of a drug metabolism system and signal transduction pathways in the liver of mice treated with tert-butylhydroquinone or 3-(3'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propylthiosulfonate of sodium. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176939. [PMID: 28467491 PMCID: PMC5415222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) is a highly effective phenolic antioxidant used in edible oils and fats in foods as well as in medicines and cosmetics. TBHQ has been shown to have both chemoprotective and carcinogenic effects. Furthermore, it has potential anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, and neuroprotective activities. TBHQ induces phase II detoxification enzymes via the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE mechanism, which contributes to its chemopreventive functions. Nonetheless, there is growing evidence that biological effects of tBHQ may be mediated by Nrf2-independent mechanisms related to various signaling cascades. Here, we studied changes in gene expression of phase I, II, and III drug metabolizing enzymes/transporters as well as protein levels and activities of cytochromes P450 (CYPs) elicited by tBHQ and its structural homolog TS-13 in the mouse liver. Next, we carried out gene expression analysis to identify signal transduction pathways modulated by the antioxidants. Mice received 100 mg/kg tBHQ or TS-13 per day or only vehicle. The liver was collected at 12 hours and after 7 days of the treatment. Protein and total RNA were extracted. Gene expression was analyzed using Mouse Drug Metabolism and Signal Transduction PathwayFinder RT2Profiler™PCR Arrays. A western blot analysis was used to measure protein levels and a fluorometric assay was employed to study activities of CYPs. Genes that were affected more than 1.5-fold by tBHQ or TS-13 treatment compared with vehicle were identified. Analysis of the gene expression data revealed changes in various genes that are important for drug metabolism, cellular defense mechanisms, inflammation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation. Novel target genes were identified, including xenobiotic metabolism genes encoding CYPs, phase II/III drug metabolizing enzymes/transporters. For Cyp1a2 and Cyp2b, we observed an increase in protein levels and activities during tBHQ or TS-13 treatment. Changes were found in the gene expression regulated by NFκB, androgen, retinoic acid, PI3K/AKT, Wnt, Hedgehog and other pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentin A. Vavilin
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Vyacheslav V. Lyakhovich
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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