51
|
Cardiac computed tomography-verified right ventricular lead position and outcomes in cardiac resynchronization therapy. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2022; 64:783-792. [DOI: 10.1007/s10840-022-01193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
52
|
Samy M, Hamdy RM. A case report of balloon-assisted tracking to overcome coronary sinus competent valve: a novel technique in left ventricular lead implantation. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2022; 6:ytac056. [PMID: 35169680 PMCID: PMC8841238 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Competent lateral and posterolateral valves showed proximal tortuosity that might hinder left ventricular (LV) lead implantation in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Case summary A 57-year-old woman was diagnosed as non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, no other comorbidities, complaining of dyspnoea [New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III], and on optimal medical therapy. Electrocardiogram showed left bundle branch block with QRS duration 150 ms. The patient was candidate for CRT. However, during LV lead implantation, a competent posterolateral vein valve and proximal tortuosity hindered LV lead implantation that was overcome by balloon-assisted tracking technique. At 9 months of follow-up, the patient had NYHA class II, ejection fraction improved to 38%, and all implanted leads were still in place. Discussion Balloon-assisted tracking technique can be used to cross coronary sinus and smaller veins with competent valves and coronary veins tortuosity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Samy
- Cardiology Department, Al-Azhar University, Mokhaim Al-Daemstreet, Mokhaim Al-Daem street, Nasr City, Cairo5, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Hamdy
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (For Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Fyenbo DB, Sommer A, Nørgaard BL, Kronborg MB, Kristensen J, Gerdes C, Jensen HK, Jensen JM, Nielsen JC. Long-term outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of multimodality imaging-guided left ventricular lead placement in cardiac resynchronization therapy. Europace 2022; 24:828-834. [PMID: 35041000 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to investigate the long-term occurrence of the composite endpoint of heart failure (HF) hospitalization or all-cause death (primary endpoint) in patients randomized to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) using individualized multimodality imaging-guided left ventricular (LV) lead placement compared with a routine fluoroscopic approach. Furthermore, this study aims to evaluate whether inter-lead electrical delay (IED) is associated with improved response rate of this endpoint. METHODS AND RESULTS We reviewed follow-up data until November 2020 for all 182 patients included in the ImagingCRT trial for the occurrence of HF hospitalization and all-cause death. During median (inter-quartile range) time to primary endpoint/censuring of 6.7 (3.3-7.9) years, the rate of the primary endpoint was 60% (n = 53) in the imaging group compared with 52% (n = 48) in the control group [hazard ratio (HR) 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.83-1.81, P = 0.31]. Neither the risk of HF hospitalization (HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.62-1.99, P = 0.72) nor of all-cause death differed between treatment groups (HR 1.23, 95% CI 0.82-1.85, P = 0.32). The risk of the primary endpoint was significantly reduced among those with IED ≥100 ms when compared with those with IED <100 ms (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.39-0.98, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS In this study, an individualized multimodality imaging-guided strategy targeting LV lead placement towards the latest mechanically activated non-scarred myocardial segment during CRT implantation did not reduce HF hospitalization or all-cause death when compared with routine LV lead placement during long-term follow-up. Targeting the latest electrical activation should be studied as an alternative individualized strategy for optimizing LV lead placement in CRT recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Benjamin Fyenbo
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders Sommer
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bjarne Linde Nørgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Mads Brix Kronborg
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Kristensen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Christian Gerdes
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Henrik Kjærulf Jensen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jesper Møller Jensen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Jens Cosedis Nielsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Cost-effective analysis of automated programming optimization in cardiac resynchronization therapy: Holistic Markov modelling. J Cardiol 2022; 79:734-739. [PMID: 35016809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Automated optimization algorithm (AdaptivCRT; Medtronic, Mounds View, MN, USA) allowing automated optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), has been introduced. However, little is known concerning its cost-effectiveness. This study aims to evaluate the potential economic benefits of AdaptivCRT of CRT. METHODS Markov modelling was informed by empirical data sourced from the AdaptivCRT Clinical Trial. Published meta-analyses were used to derive the impact of increasing response to hospitalization and mortality risks. Response was assessed via the clinical composite score. RESULTS Deterministic results suggested a mean survival of 10.97 years with adaptive algorithms against 10.5 years without (+0.47 in favour of novel algorithms). Heart failure hospitalization costs were modelled to ¥1,382,753 (US $12,686) with novel devices against ¥1,524,747 (US $13,989) with previous technology models. Sensitivity analyses show CRT with Adaptive algorithm was projected to provide cost savings in all scenarios. CONCLUSIONS The use of AdaptivCRT was projected to improve average patient survival and avoid costs in a Japanese healthcare setting.
Collapse
|
55
|
Khamzin S, Dokuchaev A, Bazhutina A, Chumarnaya T, Zubarev S, Lyubimtseva T, Lebedeva V, Lebedev D, Gurev V, Solovyova O. Machine Learning Prediction of Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy Response From Combination of Clinical and Model-Driven Data. Front Physiol 2022; 12:753282. [PMID: 34970154 PMCID: PMC8712879 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.753282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Up to 30–50% of chronic heart failure patients who underwent cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) do not respond to the treatment. Therefore, patient stratification for CRT and optimization of CRT device settings remain a challenge. Objective: The main goal of our study is to develop a predictive model of CRT outcome using a combination of clinical data recorded in patients before CRT and simulations of the response to biventricular (BiV) pacing in personalized computational models of the cardiac electrophysiology. Materials and Methods: Retrospective data from 57 patients who underwent CRT device implantation was utilized. Positive response to CRT was defined by a 10% increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction in a year after implantation. For each patient, an anatomical model of the heart and torso was reconstructed from MRI and CT images and tailored to ECG recorded in the participant. The models were used to compute ventricular activation time, ECG duration and electrical dyssynchrony indices during intrinsic rhythm and BiV pacing from the sites of implanted leads. For building a predictive model of CRT response, we used clinical data recorded before CRT device implantation together with model-derived biomarkers of ventricular excitation in the left bundle branch block mode of activation and under BiV stimulation. Several Machine Learning (ML) classifiers and feature selection algorithms were tested on the hybrid dataset, and the quality of predictors was assessed using the area under receiver operating curve (ROC AUC). The classifiers on the hybrid data were compared with ML models built on clinical data only. Results: The best ML classifier utilizing a hybrid set of clinical and model-driven data demonstrated ROC AUC of 0.82, an accuracy of 0.82, sensitivity of 0.85, and specificity of 0.78, improving quality over that of ML predictors built on clinical data from much larger datasets by more than 0.1. Distance from the LV pacing site to the post-infarction zone and ventricular activation characteristics under BiV pacing were shown as the most relevant model-driven features for CRT response classification. Conclusion: Our results suggest that combination of clinical and model-driven data increases the accuracy of classification models for CRT outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svyatoslav Khamzin
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Arsenii Dokuchaev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Bazhutina
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia.,Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana Chumarnaya
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Stepan Zubarev
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Dmitry Lebedev
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Olga Solovyova
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia.,Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Fyenbo DB, Park Frausing MHJ, Kronborg MB. Bipolar versus quadripolar left ventricular leads for cardiac resynchronization therapy: evidence to date. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 19:1075-1084. [PMID: 34865590 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2021.2013813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices, transvenous left ventricular (LV) leads are more prone to instability, high pacing thresholds, and phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS) that may necessitate lead revision, replacement in a suboptimal position, or deactivation of the lead. To overcome some of these challenges, quadripolar (QP) LV leads have been developed and accounted for over 90% of implanted LV leads 5 years after they were introduced. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of the current evidence of implanting QP leads in CRT as compared with traditional bipolar (BP) leads including details about feasibility, safety and lead performance, clinical outcome and cost-effectiveness. EXPERT OPINION Based on the current literature, implantation with a QP lead decreases revision rates but does not affect any clinical outcomes including mortality, hospitalization, symptoms, or echocardiographic parameters. Feasibility and stability do not differ between QP and BP leads. A QP lead should be preferred as first choice over a BP lead due to lower rates of PNS and lower pacing thresholds leading to less frequent lead revisions and battery replacements. In addition, this strategy may be cost saving despite a higher price of QP leads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Benjamin Fyenbo
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmar
| | - Maria Hee Jung Park Frausing
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmar
| | - Mads Brix Kronborg
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmar
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Cardiac resynchronization therapy with multipoint pacing via quadripolar lead versus traditional biventricular pacing: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies on hemodynamic, clinical, and prognostic parameters. Heart Rhythm O2 2021; 2:682-690. [PMID: 34988517 PMCID: PMC8710588 DOI: 10.1016/j.hroo.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is one of the cornerstones of heart failure (HF) therapy, as it has reduced mortality and morbidity and has shown improvement in functional capacity. Multipoint pacing (MPP) is a way of configuring CRT with the aim to improve the percentage of patients who respond to CRT. Objective To demonstrate the effectiveness of the MPP compared to traditional biventricular pacing (BiV). Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis according to PRISMA guidelines of studies in which MPP vs BiV strategy were compared. Results MPP use is associated with a higher rate of patients experiencing functional improvement (odds ratio: 2.51, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56–4.06; P = .0002) and with higher delta LV dP/dtmax (mean difference, 1.82; 95% CI, 0.24–3.39; P = .0240) with respect to BiV. MPP and BiV have no significantly different effect on left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) (mean difference, 0.39; 95% CI, -11.12 to 11.89; P = .9475); moreover, there is no significant difference between the 2 treatments regarding hospitalization for HF (odds ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.32 to 1.54; P = .3816) and all-cause death (odds ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.40 to 1.62; P = .5460). MPP is associated with a significantly lower projected battery longevity (mean difference -8.66 months; 95% CI, -13.67 to -3.66; P = .00007) with respect to BiV. Conclusion MPP significantly improves functional class and acute hemodynamic parameters with respect to BiV. Prognostic indices and LVESV are not significantly influenced by MPP. MPP is associated with a significant reduction in projected battery longevity.
Collapse
|
58
|
The importance of early evaluation after cardiac resynchronization therapy to redefine response: Pooled individual patient analysis from 5 prospective studies. Heart Rhythm 2021; 19:595-603. [PMID: 34843964 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) reduces mortality and improves outcomes in appropriately selected patients with heart failure (HF); however, response may vary. OBJECTIVE We sought to correlate 6-month CRT response assessed by clinical composite score (CCS) and left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVi) with longer-term mortality and HF hospitalizations. METHODS Individual patient data from 5 prospective CRT studies-MIRACLE, MIRACLE ICD, InSync III Marquis, PROSPECT, and Adaptive CRT-were pooled. Classification of CRT response status using CCS and LVESVi were made at 6 months. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to assess time to mortality. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) for the 3 levels of CRT response: improved, stabilized, and worsened. Adjusted models controlled for baseline factors known to influence both CRT response and mortality. HF-related hospitalization was compared between CRT response categories using incidence rate ratios. RESULTS Among a total of 1603 patients, 1426 and 1165 were evaluated in the CCS and LVESVi outcome assessments, respectively. Mortality was significantly lower for patients in the improved (CCS: HR 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.15-0.31; LVESVi: HR 0.40; 95% CI 0.27-0.60) and stabilized (CCS: HR 0.38; 95% CI 0.24-0.61; LVESVi: HR 0.41; 95% CI 0.25-0.68) groups than in the worsened group for both measures after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSION Patients with a worsened CRT response status have a high mortality rate and HF hospitalizations. Stabilized patients have a more favorable prognosis than do worsened patients and thus should not be considered CRT nonresponders.
Collapse
|
59
|
Mastoris I, Spall HGCV, Sheldon SH, Pimentel RC, Steinkamp L, Shah Z, Al-Khatib SM, Singh JP, Sauer AJ. Emerging Implantable Device Technology for Patients at the Intersection of Electrophysiology and Heart Failure Interdisciplinary Care. J Card Fail 2021; 28:991-1015. [PMID: 34774748 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), including implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), are part of guideline- indicated treatment for a subset of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Current technological advancements in CIEDs have allowed the detection of specific patient physiologic parameters used for forecasting clinical decompensation through algorithmic, multiparameter remote monitoring. Other recent emerging technologies, including cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) and baroreflex activation therapy (BAT), may provide symptomatic or physiologic benefit in patients without an indication for CRT. Our goal in this state-of-the-art review is to describe the commercially available new technologies, purported mechanisms of action, evidence surrounding their clinical role, limitations, and future directions. Finally, we underline the need for standardized workflow and close interdisciplinary management of this population to ensure the delivery of high-quality care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mastoris
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Harriette G C Van Spall
- Department of Medicine, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Seth H Sheldon
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Rhea C Pimentel
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Leslie Steinkamp
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Zubair Shah
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sana M Al-Khatib
- Division of Cardiology and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jagmeet P Singh
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew J Sauer
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Bosch R. [Patient with a defibrillator for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT-D) and progressive symptoms of heart failure]. Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2021; 32:492-499. [PMID: 34748046 DOI: 10.1007/s00399-021-00825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A 73-year-old woman with advanced heart failure experienced a deterioration of symptoms and left ventricular function despite treatment with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). The cause was diagnosed by 12-lead ECG and corrected by reprogramming, which led to an improvement in symptoms and echocardiography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Bosch
- Cardio Centrum Ludwigsburg-Bietigheim (CCLB), Asperger Str. 48, 71634, Ludwigsburg, Deutschland.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Oki T, Ishii S, Takigami Y, Eda Y, Maemura K, Yazaki M, Fujita T, Ikeda Y, Nabeta T, Maekawa E, Koitabashi T, Ako J. Re-worsening left ventricular ejection fraction after response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. J Cardiol 2021; 79:358-364. [PMID: 34756767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) provided functional and clinical improvement in patients with heart failure (HF) and electrical intraventricular conduction disturbances, some patients had re-worsening left ventricular (LV) function after a favorable CRT response. We analyzed the clinical variables and cardiac outcomes associated with this re-worsening LV function after CRT. METHODS In this study, 71 patients with CRT response who received CRT between 2006 and 2017 were included. CRT response was defined as a "≥ 10% improvement in LV ejection fraction (LVEF) on follow-up." Patients were classified into two groups: (i) persistent: (n = 48, 68%), defined as those with a CRT response and (ii) re-worsening: (n = 23, 32%), consisting of those who fell out of the definition of a CRT response after an initial CRT response. RESULTS Half of the patients in the re-worsening group failed to maintain a CRT response from two years upwards. A longer duration from HF diagnosis to CRT implantation, nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay (NIVCD) on electrocardiogram at CRT implantation, and a lower increased LVEF at initial CRT response were independent predictors for the re-worsening group. Patients in the re-worsening group had a higher incidence rate for HF hospitalization and cardiac deaths, compared with those in the persistent group. CONCLUSION One-third of CRT responders experienced re-worsening LVEF, which was associated with poor outcomes. CRT responders with NIVCD, longer HF duration, and a lower increased LVEF at initial CRT response should be monitored with caution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Oki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ishii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Yu Takigami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yuko Eda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kenji Maemura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Mayu Yazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Teppei Fujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yuki Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Takeru Nabeta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Emi Maekawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Toshimi Koitabashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Drucker MN, Manyam H, Singh G, Glascock DN, Gillett S, Miller C, Sharmin K, Parks KA. MultiPole pacing in non-responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy: Results from the QP ExCELs/MPP sub-study. PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY: PACE 2021; 44:1683-1690. [PMID: 34405423 DOI: 10.1111/pace.14339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multisite LV stimulation therapy allows for stimulation of two different left ventricular pacing vectors within a single LV lead and may improve responsiveness to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). This study prospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of the MultiPole Pacing (MPP) feature in CRT non-responder patients. METHODS AND RESULTS CRT non-responders with a standard CRT-D indication were eligible for enrollment into the MPP Sub-Study. Patient status, NYHA classification, Patient Global Assessment (PGA), and adverse events were collected at follow-up. A clinical composite score (CCS) was determined at the 6 month follow-up visit. The primary objective was defined as the proportion of patients with an improved CCS. Safety was evaluated as freedom from MPP system related adverse events requiring additional invasive intervention to resolve. A total of 53 patients were enrolled across 26 U.S. centers. The cumulative follow-up duration was 24.1 years. CCS was improved in 35.6% of patients (p < .0001 when compared to a performance goal of 3%) after 6 months of MPP therapy. When incorporating patient feedback into a modified CCS, 60.0% of patients showed an improvement. Three patients (5.7%) experienced hospitalization for heart failure, and three patient deaths occurred over the follow-up period. No MPP system-related events were reported for an AE-free rate of 100% (95% CI 93.28% to 100.0%). CONCLUSIONS The results of this small, non-randomized study suggest that the MPP feature is safe, and may be effective at converting a percentage of CRT non-responders to responders. Larger, randomized studies are needed to confirm this result.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kimberly A Parks
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Waddingham PH, Lambiase P, Muthumala A, Rowland E, Chow AW. Fusion Pacing with Biventricular, Left Ventricular-only and Multipoint Pacing in Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy: Latest Evidence and Strategies for Use. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev 2021; 10:91-100. [PMID: 34401181 PMCID: PMC8335856 DOI: 10.15420/aer.2020.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the field of cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT), response rates and durability of therapy remain relatively static. Optimising device timing intervals may be the most common modifiable factor influencing CRT efficacy after implantation. This review addresses the concept of fusion pacing as a method for improving patient outcomes with CRT. Fusion pacing describes the delivery of CRT pacing with a programming strategy to preserve intrinsic atrioventricular (AV) conduction and ventricular activation via the right bundle branch. Several methods have been assessed to achieve fusion pacing. QRS complex duration (QRSd) shortening with CRT is associated with improved clinical response. Dynamic algorithm-based optimisation targeting narrowest QRSd in patients with intact AV conduction has shown promise in people with heart failure with left bundle branch block. Individualised dynamic programming achieving fusion may achieve the greatest magnitude of electrical synchrony, measured by QRSd narrowing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Waddingham
- St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.,William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Pier Lambiase
- St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.,UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science University College London, London, UK
| | - Amal Muthumala
- St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Edward Rowland
- St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Anthony Wc Chow
- St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.,William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Using Machine-Learning for Prediction of the Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: The SMART-AV Study. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2021; 7:1505-1515. [PMID: 34454883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to apply machine learning (ML) to develop a prediction model for short-term cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response to identifying CRT candidates for early multidisciplinary CRT heart failure (HF) care. BACKGROUND Multidisciplinary optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) delivery can improve long-term CRT outcomes but requires substantial staff resources. METHODS Participants from the SMART-AV (SmartDelay-Determined AV Optimization: Comparison of AV Optimization Methods Used in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy [CRT]) trial (n = 741; age: 66 ± 11 years; 33% female; 100% New York Heart Association HF class III-IV; 100% ejection fraction ≤35%) were randomly split into training/testing (80%; n = 593) and validation (20%; n = 148) samples. Baseline clinical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and biomarker characteristics, and left ventricular (LV) lead position (43 variables) were included in 8 ML models (random forests, convolutional neural network, lasso, adaptive lasso, plugin lasso, elastic net, ridge, and logistic regression). A composite of freedom from death and HF hospitalization and a >15% reduction in LV end-systolic volume index at 6 months after CRT was the end point. RESULTS The primary end point was met by 337 patients (45.5%). The adaptive lasso model was the most more accurate (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.759; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.678-0.840), well calibrated, and parsimonious (19 predictors; nearly half potentially modifiable). Participants in the 5th quintile compared with those in the 1st quintile of the prediction model had 14-fold higher odds of composite CRT response (odds ratio: 14.0; 95% CI: 8.0-14.4). The model predicted CRT response with 70% accuracy, 70% sensitivity, and 70% specificity, and should be further validated in prospective studies. CONCLUSIONS ML predicts short-term CRT response and thus may help with CRT procedure and early post-CRT care planning. (SmartDelay-Determined AV Optimization: A Comparison of AV Optimization Methods Used in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy [CRT] [SMART-AV]; NCT00677014).
Collapse
|
65
|
Coats AJS. Figures of the Heart Failure Association: Professor Dr. Wilfried Mullens, Board Member, 2018-2022, Coordinator of the Study Group on Cardiorenal Dysfunction and the Committee on Cardiac Devices, Deputy on Certification of the Committee on Education. Eur J Heart Fail 2021; 23:1574-1576. [PMID: 34369636 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
66
|
Mullens W, Auricchio A, Martens P, Witte K, Cowie MR, Delgado V, Dickstein K, Linde C, Vernooy K, Leyva F, Bauersachs J, Israel CW, Lund LH, Donal E, Boriani G, Jaarsma T, Berruezo A, Traykov V, Yousef Z, Kalarus Z, Nielsen JC, Steffel J, Vardas P, Coats A, Seferovic P, Edvardsen T, Heidbuchel H, Ruschitzka F, Leclercq C. Optimized implementation of cardiac resynchronization therapy: a call for action for referral and optimization of care. Europace 2021; 23:1324-1342. [PMID: 34037728 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is one of the most effective therapies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and leads to improved quality of life, reductions in heart failure hospitalization rates and all-cause mortality. Nevertheless, up to two-thirds of eligible patients are not referred for CRT. Furthermore, post-implantation follow-up is often fragmented and suboptimal, hampering the potential maximal treatment effect. This joint position statement from three European Society of Cardiology Associations, Heart Failure Association (HFA), European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI), focuses on optimized implementation of CRT. We offer theoretical and practical strategies to achieve more comprehensive CRT referral and post-procedural care by focusing on four actionable domains: (i) overcoming CRT under-utilization, (ii) better understanding of pre-implant characteristics, (iii) abandoning the term 'non-response' and replacing this by the concept of disease modification, and (iv) implementing a dedicated post-implant CRT care pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Mullens
- Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, Genk, Belgium
- University Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Angelo Auricchio
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Pieter Martens
- Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, Genk, Belgium
- University Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Klaus Witte
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Martin R Cowie
- Imperial College London (Royal Brompton Hospital), London, UK
| | - Victoria Delgado
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cecilia Linde
- Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kevin Vernooy
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carsten W Israel
- Department of Medicine - Cardiology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Bethel-Clinic, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lars H Lund
- Department of Medicine Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erwan Donal
- Cardiologie, CHU Rennes - LTSI Inserm UMR 1099, Université Rennes-1, Rennes, France
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tiny Jaarsma
- Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Science, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Vassil Traykov
- Department of Cardiology, Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zaheer Yousef
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Wales & Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Zbigniew Kalarus
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Jan Steffel
- UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Panos Vardas
- Heart Sector, Hygeia Hospitals Group, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Petar Seferovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Serbian Academy of Science and Arts, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Thor Edvardsen
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Antwerp University and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Leclercq
- Cardiologie, CHU Rennes - LTSI Inserm UMR 1099, Université Rennes-1, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Verschure DO, Poel E, De Vincentis G, Frantellizzi V, Nakajima K, Gheysens O, de Groot JR, Verberne HJ. The relation between cardiac 123I-mIBG scintigraphy and functional response 1 year after CRT implantation. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 22:49-57. [PMID: 32259839 PMCID: PMC7758029 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a disease-modifying therapy in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Current guidelines ascribe CRT eligibility on three parameters only: left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), QRS duration, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class. However, one-third of CHF patients does not benefit from CRT. This study evaluated whether 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (123I-mIBG) assessed cardiac sympathetic activity could optimize CRT patient selection. Methods and results A total of 78 stable CHF subjects (age 66.8 ± 9.6 years, 73% male, LVEF 25.2 ± 6.7%, QRS duration 153 ± 23 ms, NYHA 2.2 ± 0.7) referred for CRT implantation were enrolled. Subjects underwent 123I-mIBG scintigraphy prior to implantation. Early and late heart-to-mediastinum (H/M) ratio and 123I-mIBG washout were calculated. CRT response was defined as either an increase of LVEF to >35%, any improvement in LVEF of >10%, QRS shortening to <150 ms, or improvement in NYHA class of >1 class. In 33 patients LVEF increased to >35%, QRS decreased <150 ms in 36 patients, and NYHA class decreased in 33 patients. Late H/M ratio and hypertension were independent predictors of LVEF improvement to >35% (P = 0.0014 and P = 0.0149, respectively). In addition, early H/M ratio, LVEF, and absence of diabetes mellitus (DM) were independent predictors for LVEF improvement by >10%. No independent predictors were found for QRS shortening to <150 ms or improvement in NYHA class. Conclusion Early and late H/M ratio were independent predictors of CRT response when improvement of LVEF was used as measure of response. Therefore, cardiac 123I-mIBG scintigraphy may be used as a tool to optimize selection of subjects that might benefit from CRT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D O Verschure
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Zaans Medical Center, Koningin Julianaplein 58, 1502 DV Zaandam, the Netherlands
| | - E Poel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G De Vincentis
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - V Frantellizzi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - K Nakajima
- Department of Functional Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - O Gheysens
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Hippokrateslaan 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J R de Groot
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H J Verberne
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Sacubitril/Valsartan in the Management of Heart Failure Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2021; 21:383-393. [PMID: 33118151 DOI: 10.1007/s40256-020-00448-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
For heart failure patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), especially those who remain symptomatic after implantation, the best management strategy is still unclear. Although there are several concerns regarding the clinical utilization of sacubitril/valsartan, it has improved the prognosis of patients with heart failure compared with the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in recent years. Recent real-world observational studies and post hoc analyses demonstrated that sacubitril/valsartan might have effects in patients with CIEDs. Given its potential underlying mechanisms, sacubitril/valsartan could improve outcomes of mortality and sudden cardiac death incidence, as well as clinical and echocardiographic evaluations. The possible antiarrhythmic effect of sacubitril/valsartan is still debated. Moreover, given that hypotension is the critical limitation of uptitration, the rise in systolic blood pressure attributed to cardiac resynchronization therapy might support the use of sacubitril/valsartan, with improved tolerance. The clinical utility of sacubitril/valsartan in heart failure patients with CIEDs requires further investigation to determine the actual effects, optimal target populations, and underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
|
69
|
Laczay B, Patel D, Grimm R, Xu B. State-of-the-art narrative review: multimodality imaging in electrophysiology and cardiac device therapies. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2021; 11:881-895. [PMID: 34295711 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-20-724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac electrophysiology procedures have evolved to provide improvement in morbidity and mortality for many patients. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), implantable cardioverter/defibrillator (ICD) placement and lead extraction procedures are proven procedures, associated with significant reductions in patient morbidity and mortality as well as improved quality of life. The applications and optimization of these therapies are an evolving field. The optimal use and outcomes of cardiac electrophysiology procedures require a multidisciplinary approach to patient selection, device selection, and procedural planning. Cardiac imaging using echocardiography plays a key role in selection of patients for CRT therapy, for guidance of left ventricular (LV) lead placement, and for optimization of atrioventricular pacing delays in patients with CRT. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) is an important tool in assessment of lead perforation, as well as assessing risk of lead extraction and procedural planning. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important adjunct to transthoracic echocardiography for patient selection and risk stratification for defibrillator therapy for multiple disease states including ischemic cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiac sarcoidosis, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Cardiac positron emission tomography (PET) is a useful adjunct to the diagnosis of device infections as well as inflammatory conditions including cardiac sarcoidosis. Our review attempts to summarize the contemporary roles of multimodality imaging in CRT therapy, ICD therapy and lead extraction therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balint Laczay
- Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Divyang Patel
- Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Richard Grimm
- Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bo Xu
- Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Sidhu BS, Gould J, Elliott MK, Mehta VS, Niederer SA, Carr-White G, Rinaldi CA. Clinical effectiveness of a dedicated cardiac resynchronization therapy pre-assessment clinic incorporating cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and cardiopulmonary exercise testing on patient selection and outcomes. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2021; 34:100800. [PMID: 34159251 PMCID: PMC8203725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-procedural assessment of patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is heterogenous and patients implanted with unfavorable characteristics may account for non-response. A dedicated CRT pre-assessment clinic (CRT PAC) was developed to standardize the review process and undertake structured pre-procedural evaluation. The aim of this analysis was to determine the effectiveness on patient selection and outcomes. METHODS A prospective database of consecutive patients attending the CRT PAC between 2013 and 2018 was analyzed. Pre-operative assessment included cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Patients were considered CRT responders based on improvement in clinical composite score (CCS) and/or reduction in left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) ≥ 15% at 6-months follow-up. RESULTS Of 252 patients reviewed in the CRT PAC during the analysis period, 192 fulfilled consensus guidelines for implantation. Of the patients receiving CRT, 82% showed improvement in their CCS and 57% had a reduction in LVESV ≥ 15%. The presence of subendocardial scar on CMR and a peak VO2 ≤ 12 ml/kg/min on CPET predicted CRT non-response. Two patients were unsuitable for CRT as they had end-stage heart failure and died during follow-up. The majority of patients initially deemed unsuitable for CRT did not suffer from unexpected hospitalization for decompensated heart failure or died from cardiovascular disease; only 8 patients (13%) received CRT devices during follow-up because of symptomatic left ventricular systolic impairment. CONCLUSION A dedicated CRT PAC is able to appropriately select patients for CRT. Pre-procedural investigation/imaging can identify patients unlikely to respond to, or may not yet be suitable for CRT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baldeep S. Sidhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, UK
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK
| | - Justin Gould
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, UK
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mark K. Elliott
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, UK
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK
| | - Vishal S. Mehta
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, UK
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK
| | - Steven A. Niederer
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, UK
| | - Gerald Carr-White
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, UK
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK
| | - Christopher A. Rinaldi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, UK
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Koniari I, Artopoulou E, Velissaris D, Kounis N, Tsigkas G. Atrial fibrillation in patients with systolic heart failure: pathophysiology mechanisms and management. J Geriatr Cardiol 2021; 18:376-397. [PMID: 34149826 PMCID: PMC8185445 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) demonstrate a constantly increasing prevalence during the 21st century worldwide, as a result of the aging population and the successful interventions of the clinical practice in the deterioration of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. HF and AF share common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms, creating the base of a constant interrelation. AF impairs systolic and diastolic function, resulting in the increasing incidence of HF, whereas the structural and neurohormonal changes in HF with preserved or reduced ejection fraction increase the possibility of the AF development. The temporal relationship of the development of either condition affects the diagnostic algorithms, the prognosis and the ideal therapeutic strategy that leads to euvolaemia, management of non-cardiovascular comorbidities, control of heart rate or restoration of sinus rate, ventricular synchronization, prevention of sudden death, stroke, embolism, or major bleeding and maintenance of a sustainable quality of life. The indicated treatment for the concomitant HF and AF includes rate or/and rhythm control as well as thromboembolism prophylaxis, while the progress in the understanding of their pathophysiological interdependence and the introduction of the genetic profiling, create new paths in the diagnosis, the prognosis and the prevention of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Koniari
- Manchester Heart Institute, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Artopoulou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Nicholas Kounis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Grigorios Tsigkas
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Mullens W, Auricchio A, Martens P, Witte K, Cowie MR, Delgado V, Dickstein K, Linde C, Vernooy K, Leyva F, Bauersachs J, Israel CW, Lund LH, Donal E, Boriani G, Jaarsma T, Berruezo A, Traykov V, Yousef Z, Kalarus Z, Cosedis Nielsen J, Steffel J, Vardas P, Coats A, Seferovic P, Edvardsen T, Heidbuchel H, Ruschitzka F, Leclercq C. Optimized implementation of cardiac resynchronization therapy: a call for action for referral and optimization of care: A joint position statement from the Heart Failure Association (HFA), European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail 2021; 22:2349-2369. [PMID: 33136300 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is one of the most effective therapies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and leads to improved quality of life, reductions in heart failure hospitalization rates and all-cause mortality. Nevertheless, up to two-thirds of eligible patients are not referred for CRT. Furthermore, post-implantation follow-up is often fragmented and suboptimal, hampering the potential maximal treatment effect. This joint position statement from three European Society of Cardiology Associations, Heart Failure Association (HFA), European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI), focuses on optimized implementation of CRT. We offer theoretical and practical strategies to achieve more comprehensive CRT referral and post-procedural care by focusing on four actionable domains: (i) overcoming CRT under-utilization, (ii) better understanding of pre-implant characteristics, (iii) abandoning the term 'non-response' and replacing this by the concept of disease modification, and (iv) implementing a dedicated post-implant CRT care pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Mullens
- Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, Genk, Belgium.,University Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Angelo Auricchio
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Pieter Martens
- Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, Genk, Belgium.,University Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Klaus Witte
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Martin R Cowie
- Imperial College London (Royal Brompton Hospital), London, UK
| | - Victoria Delgado
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cecilia Linde
- Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kevin Vernooy
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carsten W Israel
- Department of Medicine - Cardiology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Bethel-Clinic, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lars H Lund
- Department of Medicine Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erwan Donal
- Cardiologie, CHU Rennes - LTSI Inserm UMR 1099, Université Rennes-1, Rennes, France
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tiny Jaarsma
- Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Science, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Vassil Traykov
- Department of Cardiology, Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zaheer Yousef
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Wales & Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Zbigniew Kalarus
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Jan Steffel
- UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Panos Vardas
- Heart Sector, Hygeia Hospitals Group, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Petar Seferovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Serbian Academy of Science and Arts, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Thor Edvardsen
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Antwerp University and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Leclercq
- Cardiologie, CHU Rennes - LTSI Inserm UMR 1099, Université Rennes-1, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Varma N, Hu Y, Connolly AT, Thibault B, Singh B, Mont L, Nabutovsky Y, Zareba W. Gain in real-world cardiac resynchronization therapy efficacy with SyncAV dynamic optimization: Heart failure hospitalizations and costs. Heart Rhythm 2021; 18:1577-1585. [PMID: 33965608 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SyncAV, a device-based cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) algorithm, promotes electrical optimization by dynamically adjusting atrioventricular intervals. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of SyncAV on heart failure hospitalizations (HFHs) and related costs in a real-world CRT cohort. METHODS Patients with SyncAV-capable CRT devices followed by remote monitoring and enrolled in Medicare fee-for-service for at least 1 year preimplant and up to 2 years postimplant were studied. Patients with SyncAV OFF were 4:1 matched to those with SyncAV ON on preimplant HFH rate, demographics, comorbidities, disease etiology, and left bundle branch block. HFHs were determined from the primary diagnosis of inpatient hospitalizations, and the cost for each event was the sum of Medicare, supplemental insurance, and patient payment. RESULTS After 4:1 propensity score matching, 3630 patients were studied (mean age 75 ± 8 years; 1386 [38%] female), including 726 (25%) patients with SyncAV ON. The pre-CRT HFH rate was 0.338 HFH events per patient-year. Overall, CRT diminished the HFH rate to 0.204 events per patient-year (P < .001). SyncAV elicited a larger reduction in HFH rate (SyncAV ON: hazard ratio [HR] 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.41-0.66; P < .001 and SyncAV OFF: HR 0.68; 95% CI 0.59-0.77; P < .001). After 2 years, the HFH rate was lower in the SyncAV ON group than in the SyncAV OFF group (0.143 HFHs per patient-year vs 0.193 HFHs per patient-year; HR 0.70; 95% CI 0.55-0.89; P = .003) and fewer HFHs were followed by 30-day HFH readmissions (4.41% vs 7.68%; P = .003) and 30-day all-cause hospital readmissions (7.04% vs 10.01%; P = .010). The total 2-year HFH-associated costs per patient were lower with SyncAV ON (difference $1135; 90% CI $93-$2109; P = .038). CONCLUSION This large, real-world, propensity score-matched study demonstrates that SyncAV CRT is associated with significantly reduced HFHs and associated costs, incremental to standard CRT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Varma
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | | | | | | | - Balbir Singh
- Cardiology Department, Max Healthcare, New Delhi, India
| | - Lluis Mont
- Secció Arrítmies. Institut Clínic Cardiovascular Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Wojciech Zareba
- Cardiovascular Division, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Mascheroni J, Mont L, Stockburger M, Patwala A, Retzlaff H, Gallagher AG. The imperative of consistency and proficiency in cardiac devices implant skills training. Open Heart 2021; 8:e001629. [PMID: 33972405 PMCID: PMC8112444 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2021-001629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jorio Mascheroni
- College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Lluís Mont
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martin Stockburger
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Havelland Kliniken, Nauen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ashish Patwala
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | | | - Anthony G Gallagher
- Orsi Academy, Melle, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Londonderry, UK
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Sidhu BS, Gould J, Elliott MK, Mehta V, Niederer S, Rinaldi CA. Leadless Left Ventricular Endocardial Pacing and Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing for Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev 2021; 10:45-50. [PMID: 33936743 PMCID: PMC8076968 DOI: 10.15420/aer.2020.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronisation therapy is an important intervention to reduce mortality and morbidity, but even in carefully selected patients approximately 30% fail to improve. This has led to alternative pacing approaches to improve patient outcomes. Left ventricular (LV) endocardial pacing allows pacing at site-specific locations that enable the operator to avoid myocardial scar and target areas of latest activation. Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) provides a more physiological activation pattern and may allow effective cardiac resynchronisation. This article discusses LV endocardial pacing in detail, including the indications, techniques and outcomes. It discusses LBBAP, its potential benefits over His bundle pacing and procedural outcomes. Finally, it concludes with the future role of endocardial pacing and LBBAP in heart failure patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baldeep S Sidhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Justin Gould
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mark K Elliott
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Vishal Mehta
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Steven Niederer
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher A Rinaldi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established treatment of patients with medically refractory, mild-to-severe systolic heart failure (HF), impaired left ventricular function, and wide QRS complex. The pathologic activation sequence observed in patients with abnormal QRS duration and morphology results in a dyssynchronous ventricular activation and contraction leading to cardiac remodeling, worsening systolic and diastolic function, and progressive HF. In this article, the authors aim to explore the current CRT literature, focusing their attentions on the promising innovation in this field.
Collapse
|
77
|
Efficacy of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with a Narrow QRS Complex. J Interv Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/8858836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims. In the guidelines for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), there is a gap between the Japanese Circulation Society (JCS) criteria, which specify a QRS duration of ≥120 ms, and other countries, with a QRS ≥ 130 ms. The efficacy of CRT remains controversial in patients with a narrow QRS <130 ms. The aims of this study are to evaluate the response to CRT in patients with a narrow QRS and to identify predictors of mortality. Methods. We retrospectively studied 212 patients who received CRT. They were divided into narrow QRS (<130 ms) and wide QRS (≥130 ms) groups. We compared CRT response rates and investigated whether age, gender, baseline New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, ischemic etiology, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular arrhythmias are associated with response and also predictive of mortality. Results. The CRT response rate was not significantly different between the wide QRS group and the narrow QRS group (74.6% versus 77.2%,
= 0.6876), and the response rate in the narrow QRS group was as good as that reported worldwide. NYHA class IV was shown to be a predictor of mortality (HR 9.38, 95% CI 5.35–16.3,
< 0.0001). Conclusions. The present study demonstrated that patients with a narrow QRS complex responded well to CRT. Even with QRS <130 ms, CRT should be tried if no other effective treatment is available.
Collapse
|
78
|
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an important and effective therapy for end-stage heart failure. Non-response to CRT is one of the main obstacles to its application in clinical practice. There is no uniform consensus or definition of CRT “response.” Clinical symptoms, ventricular remodeling indices, and cardiovascular events have been reported to be associated with non-responders. To prevent non-response to CRT, three aspects should be thoroughly considered: preoperative patient selection, electrode implantation, and postoperative management. Preoperative selection of appropriate patients for CRT treatment is an important step in preventing non-response. Currently, the CRT inclusion criteria are mainly based on the morphology of QRS waves in deciding ventricular dyssynchrony. Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance are being explored to predict nonresponse to CRT. The location of left ventricular electrode implantation is a current hot spot of research; it is important to identify the location of the latest exciting ventricular segment and avoid scars. Cardiac magnetic resonance and ultrasonic spot tracking are being progressively developed in this field. Some new techniques such as His Bundle pacing, endocardial electrodes, and novel sensors are also being investigated. Postoperative management of patients is another essential step towards preventing non-response; it mainly focuses on the treatment of the disease itself and CRT program control optimization. CRT treatment is just one part of the overall treatment of heart failure, and multidisciplinary efforts are needed to improve the overall outcome.
Collapse
|
79
|
Device Adjustment and Recovery in Patients With Heart Failure Undergoing a Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Implantation: A Longitudinal Study. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2021; 37:221-230. [PMID: 33657066 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about risk factors for poor adjustment to the device after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation in patients with heart failure. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to explore device adjustment and the postoperative recovery of patients with heart failure undergoing elective CRT device implantation. METHODS In this prospective multicenter longitudinal study, data were collected before implantation and after 2 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year, using validated self-reported instruments and investigator-designed, CRT-specific questions. RESULTS A total of 133 patients, 79% male, with a mean age of 70 ± 10 years, were included. Patients adjusted to the device over time (P < .001), but 20% of patients had difficulties after 2 weeks, and 11% had difficulties at the 1-year follow-up. Fatigue was the most common health problem before surgery (87%), which was reduced to 65% after 1 year, P < .001. Patients' recovery improved over time (P < .001). Device-specific problems with hiccups (7% vs 14%), pulsation around the device (29% vs 24%), tachycardia (28% vs 29%), appearance of the scar (21% vs 17%), and the device bulging out (65% vs 61%) remained unchanged over time, whereas stiffness in the shoulder (64% vs 28%, P < .001) and wound healing (9% vs 2%, P < .05) improved. CONCLUSIONS Most patients with heart failure recover and adjust early after their CRT implantation and improve even more during follow-up. However, recovery and adjustment are problematic for some patients, and many experience bodily discomforts because of the device. Early screening for poor adjustment and psychological distress can lead to appropriate interventions and timely referrals. This is important in the era of remote monitoring with less face-to-face contact.
Collapse
|
80
|
van Stipdonk AMW, Schretlen S, Dohmen W, Brunner-LaRocca HP, Knackstedt C, Vernooy K. Development and implementation of a cardiac resynchronisation therapy care pathway: improved process and reduced resource use. BMJ Open Qual 2021; 10:bmjoq-2020-001072. [PMID: 33627342 PMCID: PMC7908295 DOI: 10.1136/bmjoq-2020-001072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) requires intensive, complex and multidisciplinary care to maximize the clinical benefit. In current practice this is typically a task for highly specialised physicians. We report on a novel multidisciplinary, standardised CRT care pathway (CRT-CPW). Experienced clinicians developed a CPW with simple and broadly applicable aids based on clinical evidence and identified shortcomings in the current CRT care. The resulting CPW was implemented at the Maastricht University Medical Center, aiming at a transfer from heterogeneous physician-led care to standardized nurse-led care. Methods Two CRT patient cohorts were compared in this analysis. The benchmarked usual care cohort (2012–2014, 122 patients) was compared with the CRT-CPW cohort (2015–2017, 115 patients). The primary outcomes were process-related: number of physician consultations, nurse consultations, length of stay (LOS) at implantation and total hospitalisation days during 1-year follow-up, and referral-to-treatment time. Clinical outcomes were assessed to adress non-inferiority of quality of care. Results Patients in the CRT-CPW cohort consulted nurses and technicians significantly more often than patients in the usual care cohort (2.4±1.5 vs 1.7±2.0, p<0.0001 and 4.3±2.5 vs 3.7±1.5, p=0.063, respectively). Patients with CRT-CPW consulted physicians significantly less often (1.7±1.4 vs 2.6±2.1, p<0.001). Referral to treatment time was significantly reduced in the CRT-CPW group (23.6±18.4 vs 37.0±26.3 days, p=0.002). LOS at implantation and total hospitalisation days were significantly reduced in the CRT-CPW group (1.1±1.2 vs 1.5±0.7 days, p<0.0001 and 2.4±4.8 vs 4.8±9.3, p<0.0001, respectively). Clinical outcome analyses showed no significant difference in 12-month all-cause mortality and heart failure hospitalisations. Conclusion The introduction of a novel CRT-CPW resulted in a successful transition of physician-led to nurse-led care, with a significantly reduced resource use and equal clinical outcomes. Future evaluations will focus on impact on outcomes versus costs, to evaluate cost-effectiveness of the CRT-CPW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stijn Schretlen
- Integrated Health Solutions, Medtronic Inc, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Wim Dohmen
- Cardiology, Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Kevin Vernooy
- Cardiology, Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Cardiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Pedretti RFE, Iliou MC, Israel CW, Abreu A, Miljoen H, Corrà U, Stellbrink C, Gevaert AB, Theuns DA, Piepoli MF, Reibis R, Schmid JP, Wilhelm M, Heidbuchel H, Völler H. Comprehensive multicomponent cardiac rehabilitation in cardiac implantable electronic devices recipients: a consensus document from the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC; Secondary prevention and rehabilitation section) and European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). Europace 2021; 23:1336-1337o. [PMID: 33636723 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a multidisciplinary intervention including patient assessment and medical actions to promote stabilization, management of cardiovascular risk factors, vocational support, psychosocial management, physical activity counselling, and prescription of exercise training. Millions of people with cardiac implantable electronic devices live in Europe and their numbers are progressively increasing, therefore, large subsets of patients admitted in CR facilities have a cardiac implantable electronic device. Patients who are cardiac implantable electronic devices recipients are considered eligible for a CR programme. This is not only related to the underlying heart disease but also to specific issues, such as psychological adaptation to living with an implanted device and, in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients, the risk of arrhythmia, syncope, and sudden cardiac death. Therefore, these patients should receive special attention, as their needs may differ from other patients participating in CR. As evidence from studies of CR in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices is sparse, detailed clinical practice guidelines are lacking. Here, we aim to provide practical recommendations for CR in cardiac implantable electronic devices recipients in order to increase CR implementation, efficacy, and safety in this subset of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto F E Pedretti
- Cardiovascular Department, IRCCS MultiMedica, Care and Research Institute, Via Milanese 300, Sesto San Giovanni, Milano 20099, Italy
| | - Marie-Christine Iliou
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention, Hôpital Corentin Celton, Assistance Pulique Hopitaux de Paris centre-Universite de Paris, France
| | - Carsten W Israel
- Department of Cardiology, Bethel Clinic, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ana Abreu
- Servico de Cardiologia, Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria/Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Centro Academico de Medicina de Lisboa (CAML), Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hielko Miljoen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Antwerp and University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ugo Corrà
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, ICS Maugeri Care and Research Institute, Veruno, Novara, Italy
| | - Christoph Stellbrink
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum Bielefeld GmbH, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andreas B Gevaert
- Department of Cardiology, University of Antwerp and University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dominic A Theuns
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Massimo F Piepoli
- Heart Failure Unit, G. da Saliceto Hospital, AUSL Piacenza and University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Rona Reibis
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Cardiac Outpatient Clinic Am Park Sanssouci, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jean Paul Schmid
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Barmelweid, Erlinsbach, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Wilhelm
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Department of Cardiology, University of Antwerp and University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Heinz Völler
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Klinik am See, Rehabilitation Centre for Internal Medicine, Rüdersdorf, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
The Benefit of Atrioventricular Junction Ablation for Permanent Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure Patients Receiving Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J 2021; 21:101-111. [PMID: 33548449 PMCID: PMC7952769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ipej.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is correlated with a poor biventricular pacing and inadequate response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Biventricular pacing improvement can be achieved by conducting the atrioventricular junction ablation (AVJA). We aimed to investigate the benefit of AVJA for permanent AF and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patients receiving CRT. METHODS In August 2020, a systematic review and meta-analysis study comparing CRT plus AVJA versus CRT for permanent AF and HFrEF patients was conducted. Relevant articles were identified through the electronic scientific database such as ClinicalTrials.gov, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Cochrane. The pooled risk ratio (RR) and pooled mean difference (MD) were estimated. RESULTS A total of 3199 patients from 14 cohort studies were involved in this study. Additional AVJA reduced cardiovascular mortality (RR = 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.61 to 0.93, P < 0.01) in permanent AF and HFrEF patients receiving CRT. Biventricular pacing rate was higher in CRT plus AVJA group (MD = 8.65%, 95% CI = 5.62 to 11.67, P < 0.01) than in CRT alone group. The reverse remodeling characterized by the reduction of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) was greater in the CRT plus AVJA group (MD = -2.11 mm, 95% CI = -3.79 to -0.42, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION In permanent AF and HFrEF patients receiving CRT, AVJA effectively increased the biventricular pacing rate. Adequate biventricular pacing rate provided a better response to the CRT marked by the greater ventricular reverse remodeling and survival from cardiovascular mortality.
Collapse
|
83
|
Mason PK, Desai A, Ajijola OA, Amin AK, Barbhaiya C, Basil A, DeBiasi R, Dukes J, Fradley M, Ismail H, Jackson L, Mendelson T, Montgomery J, Orencole MP, Syed FF, Wan E, Zilinski J, Singh JP. Integrated electrophysiology care for patients with heart failure: An envisioned future. Heart Rhythm 2021; 18:e51-e63. [PMID: 33065255 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Akshay Desai
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Anish K Amin
- Riverside Methodist Hospital, Upper Arlington, Ohio
| | | | - Anuj Basil
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ralph DeBiasi
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | - Larry Jackson
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Todd Mendelson
- Pennsylvania Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jay Montgomery
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Faisal F Syed
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
84
|
Pedretti RFE, Iliou MC, Israel CW, Abreu A, Miljoen H, Corrà U, Stellbrink C, Gevaert AB, Theuns DA, Piepoli MF, Reibis R, Schmid JP, Wilhelm M, Heidbuchel H, Völler H, Ambrosetti M, Deneke T, Cornelissen V, R Heinzel F, Davos CH, Kudaiberdieva G, Frederix I, Svendsen JH, Hansen D. Comprehensive multicomponent cardiac rehabilitation in cardiac implantable electronic devices recipients: a consensus document from the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC; Secondary prevention and rehabilitation section) and European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021; 28:1736-1752. [PMID: 34038513 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwaa121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a multidisciplinary intervention including patient assessment and medical actions to promote stabilization, management of cardiovascular risk factors, vocational support, psychosocial management, physical activity counselling, and prescription of exercise training. Millions of people with cardiac implantable electronic devices live in Europe and their numbers are progressively increasing, therefore, large subsets of patients admitted in CR facilities have a cardiac implantable electronic device. Patients who are cardiac implantable electronic devices recipients are considered eligible for a CR programme. This is not only related to the underlying heart disease but also to specific issues, such as psychological adaptation to living with an implanted device and, in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients, the risk of arrhythmia, syncope, and sudden cardiac death. Therefore, these patients should receive special attention, as their needs may differ from other patients participating in CR. As evidence from studies of CR in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices is sparse, detailed clinical practice guidelines are lacking. Here, we aim to provide practical recommendations for CR in cardiac implantable electronic devices recipients in order to increase CR implementation, efficacy, and safety in this subset of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto F E Pedretti
- Cardiovascular Department, IRCCS MultiMedica, Care and Research Institute, Via Milanese 300, Sesto San Giovanni, Milano 20099, Italy
| | - Marie-Christine Iliou
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention, Hôpital Corentin Celton, Assistance Pulique Hopitaux de Paris centre-Universite de Paris, France
| | - Carsten W Israel
- Department of Cardiology, Bethel Clinic, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ana Abreu
- Servico de Cardiologia, Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria/Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Centro Academico de Medicina de Lisboa (CAML), Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hielko Miljoen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Antwerp and University Hospital Antwerp, and Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ugo Corrà
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, ICS Maugeri Care and Research Institute, Veruno, Novara, Italy
| | - Christoph Stellbrink
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum Bielefeld GmbH, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andreas B Gevaert
- Department of Cardiology, University of Antwerp and University Hospital Antwerp, and Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dominic A Theuns
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Massimo F Piepoli
- Heart Failure Unit, G. da Saliceto Hospital, AUSL Piacenza and University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Rona Reibis
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Cardiac Outpatient Clinic Am Park Sanssouci, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jean Paul Schmid
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Barmelweid, Erlinsbach, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Wilhelm
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Department of Cardiology, University of Antwerp and University Hospital Antwerp, and Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Heinz Völler
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Klinik am See, Rehabilitation Centre for Internal Medicine, Rüdersdorf, Germany
| | | | - Marco Ambrosetti
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, ASST Crema, Santa Marta Hospital, Rivolta d'Adda, Italy
| | - Thomas Deneke
- Heart Center Rhön-Klinikum Campus Bad Neustadt, Bad Neustadt, Germany
| | - Veronique Cornelissen
- Cardiovascular Exercise Physiology Unit, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank R Heinzel
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Constantinos H Davos
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gulmira Kudaiberdieva
- SRI of Heart Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Center Scientific Research and Development of Education, Bishkek Kyrgyzstan, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ines Frederix
- Hasselt University, Faculty of Medicine & Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium.,Antwerp University, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Cardiology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium.,Intensive Care Unit, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Jesper Hastrup Svendsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dominique Hansen
- Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, UHasselt, BIOMED-REVAL-Rehabilitation Research Centre, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Sarrias A, Pereferrer D, Bazan V, Bisbal F, Adeliño R, Aranyó J, Gual F, Villuendas R, Bayés-Genís A. Atrioventricular Node Ablation to Enhance Resynchronization Therapy Response in a Patient With Complete Atrioventricular Block. JACC Case Rep 2021; 3:150-155. [PMID: 34317491 PMCID: PMC8305624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Up to one-third of patients who undergo cardiac resynchronization therapy do not obtain clinical benefit. A systematic approach can identify treatable causes in many nonresponding patients. We present a case of nonresponse to cardiac resynchronization therapy that resolved by ablation of the atrioventricular node in a patient with complete atrioventricular block. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Sarrias
- Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Damià Pereferrer
- Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Bazan
- Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe Bisbal
- Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Adeliño
- Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Aranyó
- Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Gual
- Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Villuendas
- Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genís
- Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Chung ES, Rickard J, Lu X, DerSarkissian M, Zichlin ML, Cheung HC, Swartz N, Greatsinger A, Duh MS. Real-World Economic Burden Among Patients With And Without Heart Failure Worsening After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. Adv Ther 2021; 38:441-467. [PMID: 33141415 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01536-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has the potential to improve cardiac function in patients with heart failure (HF), a considerable portion of patients do not respond to therapy. This study assessed the economic burden among patients with and without HF worsening after receiving CRT in real-world practice. METHODS In this retrospective claims-based study using Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (January 2007-December 2018), adults who received CRT were stratified into two cohorts based on whether they showed evidence of HF worsening within 180 days post-CRT implantation. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to adjust for confounding, accounting for demographics (e.g., age, sex), the Quan-Charlson Comorbidity Index, other clinical characteristics, healthcare resource utilization (HRU), and healthcare costs during the 180 days pre-CRT (baseline period). Annualized all-cause and congestive HF-related HRU and healthcare costs from payer and patient perspectives were assessed from day 181 post-CRT (follow-up period), and compared between cohorts using incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and cost ratios (CRs). RESULTS This study included 12,753 patients (n = 4785 with HF worsening; n = 7968 without). Mean age was 72 years and roughly two-thirds were male. Baseline characteristics were balanced between cohorts post-IPTW. During follow-up, patients with HF worsening had significantly greater annual all-cause inpatient [adjusted IRR (95% confidence interval) = 1.55 (1.44, 1.66), p < 0.001], outpatient [adjusted IRR = 1.46 (1.32, 1.61), p < 0.001], and emergency department [adjusted IRR = 1.31 (1.22, 1.41), p < 0.001] visits. Mean annual total per patient payer-paid amounts were significantly higher for patients with HF worsening versus without HF worsening [adjusted CR = 1.68 (1.56, 1.80), p < 0.001]. Annual patient-paid medical costs were also higher for patients with HF worsening [adjusted CR = 1.31 (1.25, 1.38), p < 0.001]. Results were similar for congestive HF-related HRU and costs. CONCLUSIONS The incremental economic burden among patients with HF worsening following CRT is substantial. Efforts aimed at CRT optimization may help reduce this burden.
Collapse
|
87
|
Sidhu BS, Rua T, Gould J, Porter B, Sieniewicz B, Niederer S, Rinaldi CA, Carr-White G. Economic evaluation of a dedicated cardiac resynchronisation therapy preassessment clinic. Open Heart 2020; 7:openhrt-2020-001249. [PMID: 32690548 PMCID: PMC7373313 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2020-001249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patient evaluation before cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) remains heterogeneous across centres and it is suspected a proportion of patients with unfavourable characteristics proceed to implantation. We developed a unique CRT preassessment clinic (CRT PAC) to act as a final review for patients already considered for CRT. We hypothesised that this clinic would identify some patients unsuitable for CRT through updated investigations and review. The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether the CRT PAC led to savings for the National Health Service (NHS). Methods A decision tree model was made to evaluate two clinical pathways; (1) standard of care where all patients initially seen in an outpatient cardiology clinic proceeded directly to CRT and (2) management of patients in CRT PAC. Results 244 patients were reviewed in the CRT PAC; 184 patients were eligible to proceed directly for implantation and 48 patients did not meet consensus guidelines for CRT so were not implanted. Following CRT, 82.4% of patients had improvement in their clinical composite score and 57.7% had reduction in left ventricular end-systolic volume ≥15%. Using the decision tree model, by reviewing patients in the CRT PAC, the total savings for the NHS was £966 880. Taking into consideration the additional cost of the clinic and by applying this model structure throughout the NHS, the potential savings could be as much as £39 million. Conclusions CRT PAC appropriately selects patients and leads to substantial savings for the NHS. Adopting this clinic across the NHS has the potential to save £39 million.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baldeep Singh Sidhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom .,Cardiology Department, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tiago Rua
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Cardiology Department, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Justin Gould
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Cardiology Department, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bradley Porter
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Cardiology Department, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Sieniewicz
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Cardiology Department, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Niederer
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Aldo Rinaldi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Cardiology Department, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gerald Carr-White
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Cardiology Department, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Filippatos G, Lu X, Tsintzos SI, Gold MR, Mullens W, Birnie D, Hersi AS, Kusano K, Leclercq C, Fagan DH, Wilkoff BL. Economic implications of adding a novel algorithm to optimize cardiac resynchronization therapy: rationale and design of economic analysis for the AdaptResponse trial. J Med Econ 2020; 23:1401-1408. [PMID: 33043737 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2020.1835333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has proven beneficial in several randomized trials, a subset of patients have limited clinical improvement. The AdaptivCRT algorithm provides automated selection between synchronized left ventricular or biventricular pacing with optimization of atrioventricular delays. The rationale and design of the economic analysis of the AdaptResponse clinical trial are described. RATIONALE The costs associated with HF hospitalization are substantial and are compounded by a high rate of readmission. HF hospitalization payments range from $1,001 for Greece to $12,235 for US private insurance. When examining the breakdown of HF-related costs, it is clear that approximately 55% of the hospitalization costs are directly attributable to length of stay. Notably, the mean costs of a CRT patient in need of a HF-related hospitalization are currently estimated to be an average of $10,679. METHODS The economic analysis of the AdaptResponse trial has two main objectives. The hospital provider objective seeks to test the hypothesis that AdaptivCRT reduces the incidence of all-cause re-admissions after a heart failure admission within 30 days of the index event. A negative binomial regression model will be used to estimate and compare the number of readmissions after an index HF hospitalization. The payer economic objective will assess cost-effectiveness of CRT devices with the AdaptivCRT algorithm relative to traditional CRT programming. This analysis will be conducted from a U.S. payer perspective. A decision analytic model comprised of a 6-month decision tree and a Markov model for long term extrapolation will be used to evaluate lifetime costs and benefits. CONCLUSION AdaptivCRT may offer improvements over traditional device programming in patient outcomes. How the data from AdaptResponse will be used to demonstrate if these clinical benefits translate into substantial economic gains is herein described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Filippatos
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Xiaoxiao Lu
- Cardiac Rhythm and Heart Failure (CRHF), Medtronic plc, Mounds View, MN, USA
| | - Stelios I Tsintzos
- Cardiac Rhythm and Heart Failure (CRHF), Medtronic International Trading Sàrl, Tolochenaz, Switzerland
| | - Michael R Gold
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Wilfried Mullens
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - David Birnie
- Department of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ahmad S Hersi
- Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kengo Kusano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Centre, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Dedra H Fagan
- Cardiac Rhythm and Heart Failure (CRHF), Medtronic plc, Mounds View, MN, USA
| | - Bruce L Wilkoff
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Covino G, Volpicelli M, Ciardiello C, Capogrosso P. Usefulness of Hemodynamic Device-Based Optimization in Heterogeneous Patients Implanted with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Defibrillator. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2020; 13:938-943. [PMID: 32385806 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-020-10004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Optimization of the atrioventricular (AV) and interventricular (VV) timings of the CRT is the most supposed correctable variable to improve the rate of CRT responder. The aim of the present study has been to evaluate if there is a specific subgroup of patients who can actually benefit the most from a hemodynamic optimization of AV. This is a prospective, observational single-center study that enrolled consecutive patients with clinical indication for CRT; all patients were implanted with CRT-D devices with SonR technology, able to automatically adjust AV and VV delay on a weekly basis. Among 57 patients, 39 (69%) showed a LVESV reduction > 15%. The SonR was able to modify the pacing parameters, but an increase of left atrial diameter was associated to a reduced AV variability, suggesting that an impaired left atrial function could potentially reduce the ability of the SonR algorithm to adjust the correct timing of pacing. Graphical abstract Patients with respectively a high (A) and low (B) AV timing variability, among several parameters that could potentially influence the AV timing, only left atrial dimensions demonstrated a significant impact. In fact an increase of left atrial diameter was associated to a reduced AV variability, suggesting that an impaired left atrial function could potentially reduce the ability of the SonR algorithm to adjust the correct timing of pacing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Covino
- Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco, Via Filippo Maria Briganti, 255, 80144, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Volpicelli
- Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco, Via Filippo Maria Briganti, 255, 80144, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Capogrosso
- Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco, Via Filippo Maria Briganti, 255, 80144, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Okada M, Tanaka N, Oka T, Tanaka K, Ninomiya Y, Hirao Y, Yoshimoto I, Inoue H, Kitagaki R, Onishi T, Koyama Y, Okamura A, Iwakura K, Sakata Y, Fujii K, Inoue K. Clinical significance of left ventricular reverse remodeling after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. J Cardiol 2020; 77:500-508. [PMID: 33272779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling (LVRR) after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AFCA) has not been fully described. This study investigated the predictors and clinical outcomes of LVRR after AFCA in patients with LV systolic dysfunction. METHODS Of 3319 consecutive patients who underwent first-time AFCA between January 2012 and October 2019, 376 with a baseline LV ejection fraction of <50% were retrospectively evaluated. They were subjected to 256-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scanning at baseline and 3 months after AFCA. The LVRR was defined as a decrease in the LV end-systolic volume of ≥15%. RESULTS The prevalence of LVRR was 83% (n = 306). Multivariate logistic regression analysis including age, body mass index, diabetic status, beta-blocker use, and LV diastolic diameter revealed that the predictors of LVRR were non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) (odds ratio, 2.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.42-5.05; p = 0.002) and absence of apparent underlying structural heart disease (4.81; 2.31-10.0; p <0.001). The prevalence of LVRR differed depending on AF recurrence pattern prior to the post-MDCT [no episode vs. paroxysmal episode (lasting <7 days) vs. persistent episode (lasting ≥7 days), 84% vs. 81% vs. 63%, respectively, p = 0.023]. During a median follow-up of 32 months, the incidence of paroxysmal form of AF recurrence was similar, whereas persistent form of AF recurrence was less frequent in patients with LVRR (10.5% vs. 18.6%, p = 0.018). Heart failure hospitalizations (2.3% vs. 15.7%, p <0.001), cardiovascular deaths (0.7% vs. 4.3%, p = 0.015), and all-cause deaths (1.3% vs. 5.7%, p = 0.018) were similarly less frequent in those with LVRR. CONCLUSIONS LVRR after AFCA, which was predicted by non-paroxysmal AF without any apparent structural heart disease at baseline, was associated with persistent form of AF recurrence prior to the evaluation. LVRR was associated with favorable clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Okada
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Tanaka
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Takafumi Oka
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ninomiya
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Yuko Hirao
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Issei Yoshimoto
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inoue
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Kitagaki
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Toshinari Onishi
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Yasushi Koyama
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Atsunori Okamura
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Katsuomi Iwakura
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenshi Fujii
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Koichi Inoue
- Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, 2-4-32 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Corrado C, Avezzù A, Lee AWC, Mendoca Costa C, Roney CH, Strocchi M, Bishop M, Niederer SA. Using cardiac ionic cell models to interpret clinical data. WIREs Mech Dis 2020; 13:e1508. [PMID: 33027553 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
For over 100 years cardiac electrophysiology has been measured in the clinic. The electrical signals that can be measured span from noninvasive ECG and body surface potentials measurements through to detailed invasive measurements of local tissue electrophysiology. These electrophysiological measurements form a crucial component of patient diagnosis and monitoring; however, it remains challenging to quantitatively link changes in clinical electrophysiology measurements to biophysical cellular function. Multi-scale biophysical computational models represent one solution to this problem. These models provide a formal framework for linking cellular function through to emergent whole organ function and routine clinical diagnostic signals. In this review, we describe recent work on the use of computational models to interpret clinical electrophysiology signals. We review the simulation of human cardiac myocyte electrophysiology in the atria and the ventricles and how these models are being used to link organ scale function to patient disease mechanisms and therapy response in patients receiving implanted defibrillators, \cardiac resynchronisation therapy or suffering from atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. There is a growing use of multi-scale biophysical models to interpret clinical data. This allows cardiologists to link clinical observations with cellular mechanisms to better understand cardiopathophysiology and identify novel treatment strategies. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Computational Models Cardiovascular Diseases > Biomedical Engineering Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
Collapse
|
92
|
Rickard J, Jackson K, Biffi M, Vernooy K, Bank A, Cerkvenik J, Ghosh S, Gold MR. The ECG Belt for CRT response trial: Design and clinical protocol. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2020; 43:1063-1071. [PMID: 32537740 DOI: 10.1111/pace.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ECG Belt for CRT response trial is designed to test the hypothesis that in patients traditionally less likely to respond to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), an individualized approach utilizing the electrocardiogram (ECG) Belt to guide lead placement, vector selection, and device programming is superior to current standard of care. The ECG Belt is a noninvasive mapping technology designed to measure beat by beat electrical activation of the left ventricle by utilizing unipolar measurements from multiple ECG electrodes on the body surface. The ECG Belt for CRT response trial is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, investigational pre-market research study conducted at 48 centers in the United States, Canada, and Europe and will randomize approximately 400 subjects. The trial has three arms (enrollment will be 2:1:1, respectively): utilization of the Belt to guide implant as well as postimplant programming, utilizing the Belt to guide postimplant programming alone, and a non-Belt control arm. AdaptivCRT will be an option in the treatment arm but not the control arms. The primary endpoint is change in left ventricular end-systolic volume between preimplant and at 6 months. This paper describes the design and analytic plan for the trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Jackson
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Mauro Biffi
- Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kevin Vernooy
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alan Bank
- United Heart and Vascular Clinic, St Paul, Minnesota
| | | | | | - Michael R Gold
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Kataoka S, Yagishita D, Yazaki K, Kanai M, Higuchi S, Ejima K, Shoda M, Hagiwara N. Successful coronary vein lead implantation by intravascular ultrasound guidance in a patient with life-threatening contrast medium anaphylaxis. HeartRhythm Case Rep 2020; 6:568-572. [PMID: 32983868 PMCID: PMC7498517 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrcr.2020.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Kataoka
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daigo Yagishita
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Address reprint requests and correspondence: Dr Daigo Yagishita, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawadacho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
| | - Kyoichiro Yazaki
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miwa Kanai
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Higuchi
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ejima
- Clinical Research Division for Heart Rhythm Management Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Shoda
- Clinical Research Division for Heart Rhythm Management Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Hagiwara
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Cho IJ, Uhm JS, Oh J, Nam JH, Yu HT, Kim T, Joung B, Kang SM. Left ventricular response after cardiac resynchronization therapy is related to early left atrial volume reduction. Korean J Intern Med 2020; 35:1125-1135. [PMID: 32019293 PMCID: PMC7487295 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2018.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The current study aimed to elucidate a time-course change in left atrial volume after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and to verify factors associated with left atrial volume reduction (LAVR) and its prognostic implications. METHODS The records of 97 patients were retrospectively reviewed after CRT. Echocardiographic data were analyzed at baseline before CRT, at early follow-up (FU) (≤ 1 year, median 6 months), and at late FU (median 30 months). Left ventricular volume response (LVVR) was defined as 15% reduction in left ventricular (LV) end-systolic volume (ESV). LAVR was classified into two groups by the median value at early FU: LAVR (≥ 7.5%) and no LAVR (< 7.5%). RESULTS LV ESV index continuously decreased from baseline to early FU and from early FU to late FU (106.1 ± 47.4 mL/m2 vs. 87.6 ± 51.6 mL/m2 vs. 72.5 ± 57.1 mL/m2). LA volume index decreased from baseline to early FU, but there were no reductions thereafter (51.8 ± 21.9 mL/m2 vs. 45.1 ± 19.6 mL/m2 vs. 44.9 ± 23.0 mL/m2). The only echocardiographic factor associated with LAVR was change in E velocity (odds ratio [OR], 1.04; p = 0.002). Early LAVR (OR, 10.05; p = 0.002) was an independent predictor for late LVVR. CONCLUSION LAVR was related to reduction in E velocity, suggesting its relation with optimization of LV filling pressure. Early LAVR was a predictor for LVVR to CRT in long-term FU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- In-Jeong Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Sun Uhm
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaewon Oh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Nam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Tae Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taehoon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Boyoung Joung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Min Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Seok-Min Kang, M.D. Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
Tel: +82-2-2228-8450 Fax: +82-2-2227-7722 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Left Atrial Function Determined by Cardiac Computed Tomography Predicts Device-Detected Atrial High-Rate Episodes in Patients Treated With Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2020; 44:784-789. [PMID: 32558773 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000001038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine whether left atrial (LA) volumes and function were associated with atrial high-rate episodes (AHREs) in patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). METHODS Ninety-two consecutive patients without prior atrial fibrillation underwent clinical evaluation, echocardiograms, and cardiac computed tomography (CT) before CRT implantation and after 6 months. Left atrial volumes and LA emptying fraction (LAEF) were derived by CT images reconstructed at 5% phase increments of the cardiac cycle. Cox regression was used to assess associations between AHRE and LA anatomical and functional variables. RESULTS Twenty-two patients (24%) developed AHRE during 1.9 years (SD, 1 year) At baseline, higher LAEF was associated with a lower risk of AHRE (hazard ratio [HR], 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-0.98; P = 0.003), and large LA minimal (LAmin) volume was related to higher risk of AHRE (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.06; P = 0.04). When combining LAEF and LAmin volume, only LAEF remained associated with occurrence of AHRE. Higher passive LAEF was associated with lower risk of AHRE (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91-0.98; P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS In patients with CRT, low preimplant LAEF measured by cardiac CT was independently associated with device-detected AHRE.
Collapse
|
96
|
Pothineni NVK, Supple GE. Navigating Challenging Left Ventricular Lead Placements for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. J Innov Card Rhythm Manag 2020; 11:4107-4117. [PMID: 32461816 PMCID: PMC7244170 DOI: 10.19102/icrm.2020.110505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a mainstay in the management of heart failure patients with electrical dyssynchrony. Left ventricular (LV) lead positioning remains an important variable that predicts the response to CRT. Anatomical and technical challenges can hinder optimal LV lead placement using traditional lead implantation approaches. Knowledge of normal anatomical variants and common anomalies is essential for successful LV lead implants. With advancements in tools and techniques for LV lead delivery, the implanting electrophysiologist can target the optimal LV pacing site, rather than accepting a suboptimal location that is less likely to provide clinical benefit. In this review, we discuss various challenges to achieving optimal LV lead implantation and present strategies to overcome them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory E Supple
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
|
98
|
Sidhu BS, Porter B, Gould J, Sieniewicz B, Elliott M, Mehta V, Delnoy PPHM, Deharo JC, Butter C, Seifert M, Boersma LVA, Riahi S, James S, Turley AJ, Auricchio A, Betts TR, Niederer S, Sanders P, Rinaldi CA. Leadless left ventricular endocardial pacing in nonresponders to conventional cardiac resynchronization therapy. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2020; 43:966-973. [PMID: 32330307 DOI: 10.1111/pace.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocardial pacing may be beneficial in patients who fail to improve following conventional epicardial cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). The potential to pace anywhere inside the left ventricle thus avoiding myocardial scar and targeting the latest activating segments may be particularly important. The WiSE-CRT system (EBR systems, Sunnyvale, CA) reliably produces wireless, endocardial left ventricular (LV) pacing. The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether this system improved symptoms or led to LV remodeling in patients who were nonresponders to conventional CRT. METHOD An international, multicenter registry of patients who were nonresponders to conventional CRT and underwent implantation with the WiSE-CRT system was collected. RESULTS Twenty-two patients were included; 20 patients underwent successful implantation with confirmation of endocardial biventricular pacing and in 2 patients, there was a failure of electrode capture. Eighteen patients proceeded to 6-month follow-up; endocardial pacing resulted in a significant reduction in QRS duration compared with intrinsic QRS duration (26.6 ± 24.4 ms; P = .002) and improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (4.7 ± 7.9%; P = .021). The mean reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic volume was 8.3 ± 42.3 cm3 (P = .458) and left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) was 13.1 ± 44.3 cm3 (P = .271), which were statistically nonsignificant. Overall, 55.6% of patients had improvement in their clinical composite score and 66.7% had a reduction in LVESV ≥15% and/or absolute improvement in LVEF ≥5%. CONCLUSION Nonresponders to conventional CRT have few remaining treatment options. We have shown in this high-risk patient group that the WiSE-CRT system results in improvement in their clinical composite scores and leads to LV remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baldeep S Sidhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Bradley Porter
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Justin Gould
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Benjamin Sieniewicz
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mark Elliott
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Vishal Mehta
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | - Christian Butter
- Immanuel Klinikum Bernau Herzzentrum Brandenburg, Bernau, Germany
| | - Martin Seifert
- Immanuel Klinikum Bernau Herzzentrum Brandenburg, Bernau, Germany
| | - Lucas V A Boersma
- St Antonius Ziekenhuis, Nieuwegein, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sam Riahi
- Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Simon James
- The James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Andrew J Turley
- The James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
| | | | - Timothy R Betts
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Steven Niederer
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher A Rinaldi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
D'Onofrio A, Bertini M, Infusino T, D'Arienzo G, Cipolletta L, Bianchi V, Licciardello G, Savarese G, Russo G, Ricciardi D, Manzo M, Fabbri F, Notarstefano P, Santini L, Campari M, Valsecchi S, Forleo GB. Single- and multi-site pacing strategies for optimal cardiac resynchronization therapy: impact on device longevity and therapy cost. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2020; 60:195-203. [PMID: 32185588 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-020-00711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple left ventricular pacing strategies have been suggested for improving response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). However, these programming strategies may sometimes entail accepting configurations with high pacing threshold and accelerated battery drain. We assessed the feasibility of predefined pacing programming protocols, and we evaluated their impact on device longevity and their cost-impact. METHODS We estimated battery longevity in 167 CRT-D patients based on measured pacing parameters according to multiple alternative programming strategies: single-site pacing associated with lowest threshold, non-apical location, longest interventricular delay, and pacing from two electrodes. To determine the economic impact of each programming strategy, we applied the results of a model-based cost analysis using a 15-year time horizon. RESULTS Selecting the electrode with the lowest threshold resulted in a median device longevity of 11.5 years. Non-apical pacing and interventricular delay maximization were feasible in most patients and were obtained at the price of a few months of battery life. Device longevity of > 10 years was preserved in 87% of cases of non-apical pacing and in 77% on pacing at the longest interventricular delay. The mean reduction in battery life when the second electrode was activated was 1.5 years. Single-site pacing strategies increased the therapy cost by 4-6%, and multi-site pacing by 12-13%, in comparison with the lowest-cost scenario. CONCLUSIONS Modern CRT-D systems ensure effective pacing and allow multiple optimization strategies for maximizing service life or for enhancing effectiveness. Single- or multi-site pacing strategies can be implemented without compromising device service life and at an acceptable increase in therapy cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio D'Onofrio
- Unità Operativa di Elettrofisiologia, Studio e Terapia delle Aritmie, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli - Monaldi, Via Leonardo Bianchi, 1, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | - Valter Bianchi
- Unità Operativa di Elettrofisiologia, Studio e Terapia delle Aritmie, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli - Monaldi, Via Leonardo Bianchi, 1, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanni Russo
- Ospedale San Leonardo, Castellammare di Stabia, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele Manzo
- Ospedali Riuniti San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Santini
- Ospedale Giovan Battista Grassi, Ostia lido, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
100
|
Lacour P, Dang PL, Morris DA, Parwani AS, Doehner W, Schuessler F, Hohendanner F, Heinzel FR, Stroux A, Tschoepe C, Haverkamp W, Boldt LH, Pieske B, Blaschke F. The effect of iron deficiency on cardiac resynchronization therapy: results from the RIDE-CRT Study. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:1072-1084. [PMID: 32189474 PMCID: PMC7261541 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves functional status, induces reverse left ventricular remodelling, and reduces hospitalization and mortality in patients with symptomatic heart failure, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and QRS prolongation. However, the impact of iron deficiency on CRT response remains largely unclear. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of functional and absolute iron deficiency on reverse cardiac remodelling, clinical response, and outcome after CRT implantation. Methods and results The relation of iron deficiency and cardiac resynchronization therapy response (RIDE‐CRT) study is a prospective observational study. We enrolled 77 consecutive CRT recipients (mean age 71.3 ± 10.2 years) with short‐term follow‐up of 3.3 ± 1.9 months and long‐term follow‐up of 13.0 ± 3.2 months. Primary endpoints were reverse cardiac remodelling on echocardiography and clinical CRT response, assessed by change in New York Heart Association classification. Echocardiographic CRT response was defined as relative improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 20% or left ventricular global longitudinal strain ≥ 20%. Secondary endpoints were hospitalization for heart failure and all‐cause mortality (mean follow‐up of 29.0 ± 8.4 months). At multivariate analysis, iron deficiency was identified as independent predictor of echocardiographic (hazard ratio 4.97; 95% confidence interval 1.15–21.51; P = 0.03) and clinical non‐response to CRT (hazard ratio 4.79; 95% confidence interval 1.30–17.72, P = 0.02). We found a significant linear‐by‐linear association between CRT response and type of iron deficiency (P = 0.004 for left ventricular ejection fraction improvement, P = 0.02 for left ventricular global longitudinal strain improvement, and P = 0.003 for New York Heart Association response). Iron deficiency was also significantly associated with an increase in all‐cause mortality (P = 0.045) but not with heart failure hospitalization. Conclusions Iron deficiency is a negative predictor of effective CRT therapy as assessed by reverse cardiac remodelling and clinical response. Assessment of iron substitution might be a relevant treatment target to increase CRT response and outcome in chronic heart failure patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Lacour
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Phi Long Dang
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Daniel Armando Morris
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Abdul Shokor Parwani
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Wolfram Doehner
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany.,BCRT-Center for Regenerative Therapies.,Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Schuessler
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Felix Hohendanner
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Frank R Heinzel
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Andrea Stroux
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, Berlin, 12203, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschoepe
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Haverkamp
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Leif-Hendrik Boldt
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Blaschke
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|