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Mathis CA, Lopresti BJ, Ikonomovic MD, Klunk WE. Small-molecule PET Tracers for Imaging Proteinopathies. Semin Nucl Med 2017; 47:553-575. [PMID: 28826526 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we provide a review of the challenges and advances in developing successful PET imaging agents for 3 major types of aggregated amyloid proteins: amyloid-beta (Aβ), tau, and alpha-synuclein (α-syn). These 3 amyloids are involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, referred to as proteinopathies or proteopathies, that include Alzheimer disease, Lewy body dementias, multiple system atrophy, and frontotemporal dementias, among others. In the Introduction section, we briefly discuss the history of amyloid in neurodegenerative diseases and describe why progress in developing effective imaging agents has been hampered by the failure of crystallography to provide definitive ligand-protein interactions for rational radioligand design efforts. Instead, the field has relied on largely serendipitous, trial-and-error methods to achieve useful and specific PET amyloid imaging tracers for Aβ, tau, and α-syn deposits. Because many of the proteopathies involve more than 1 amyloid protein, it is important to develop selective PET tracers for the different amyloids to help assess the relative contribution of each to total amyloid burden. We use Pittsburgh compound B to illustrate some of the critical steps in developing a potent and selective Aβ PET imaging agent. Other selective Aβ and tau PET imaging compounds have followed similar pathways in their developmental processes. Success for selective α-syn PET imaging agents has not been realized yet, but work is ongoing in multiple laboratories throughout the world. In the tau sections, we provide background regarding 3-repeat (3R) and 4-repeat (4R) tau proteins and how they can affect the binding of tau radioligands in different tauopathies. We review the ongoing efforts to assess the properties of tau ligands, which are useful in 3R, 4R, or combined 3R-4R tauopathies. Finally, we describe in the α-syn sections recent attempts to develop selective tracers to image α-synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chester A Mathis
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
| | - Brian J Lopresti
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Milos D Ikonomovic
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - William E Klunk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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Um YH, Choi WH, Jung WS, Park YH, Lee CU, Lim HK. A Case Report of a 37-Year-Old Alzheimer's Disease Patient with Prominent Striatum Amyloid Retention. Psychiatry Investig 2017; 14:521-524. [PMID: 28845182 PMCID: PMC5561413 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2017.14.4.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With recent advancement in amyloid imaging, diagnostic application of this new modality has become a great interest among researchers. New ligands, such as 18F- florbetaben, florbetapir and flutemetamol, have been discovered to overcome limitations of preexisting ligand Pittsburgh compound B. We report here a case of a 37-year-old male patient whose initial complaints comprised of gradual cognitive decline, apraxia, disorientation and sleep disturbances. 18F-Florbetaben amyloid imaging of the patient showed diffuse amyloid retention with prominent striatal uptake. This finding supports the clinical utility of amyloid imaging in diagnostic process of early-onset AD. Moreover, striatal dominant uptake pattern demonstrated in this patient include some meaningful clinical implications that warrant special attention among clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Hyun Um
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Hee Choi
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sang Jung
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ha Park
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Uk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kook Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hartley SL, Handen BL, Devenny D, Mihaila I, Hardison R, Lao PJ, Klunk WE, Bulova P, Johnson SC, Christian BT. Cognitive decline and brain amyloid-β accumulation across 3 years in adults with Down syndrome. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 58:68-76. [PMID: 28715661 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Adults with Down syndrome (DS) have a high incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), providing a unique opportunity to explore the early, preclinical stages of AD neuropathology. We examined change in brain amyloid-β accumulation via the positron emission tomography tracer [11C] Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) across 2 data collection cycles, spaced 3 years apart, and decline in cognitive functioning in 58 adults with DS without clinical AD. PiB retention increased in the anterior cingulate gyrus, precuneus cortex, parietal cortex, and anterior ventral striatum. Across the 2 cycles, 14 (27.5%) participants were consistently PiB+, 31 (60.8%) were consistently PiB-, and 6 (11.7%) converted from PiB- at cycle 1 to PiB+ at cycle 2. Increased global amyloid-β was related to decline in verbal episodic memory, visual episodic memory, executive functioning, and fine motor processing speed. Participants who were consistently PiB+ demonstrated worsening of episodic memory, whereas participants who were consistently PiB- evidenced stable or improved performance. Amyloid-β accumulation may be a contributor to or biomarker of declining cognitive functioning in preclinical AD in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigan L Hartley
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Benjamin L Handen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Darlynne Devenny
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Iulia Mihaila
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Regina Hardison
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patrick J Lao
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - William E Klunk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter Bulova
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sterling C Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bradley T Christian
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Lao PJ, Handen BL, Betthauser TJ, Mihaila I, Hartley SL, Cohen AD, Tudorascu DL, Bulova PD, Lopresti BJ, Tumuluru RV, Murali D, Mathis CA, Barnhart TE, Stone CK, Price JC, Devenny DA, Mailick MR, Klunk WE, Johnson SC, Christian BT. Longitudinal changes in amyloid positron emission tomography and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging in the nondemented Down syndrome population. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 9:1-9. [PMID: 28603769 PMCID: PMC5454131 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Down syndrome (DS) arises from a triplication of chromosome 21, causing overproduction of the amyloid precursor protein and predisposes individuals to early Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Fifty-two nondemented adults with DS underwent two cycles of carbon 11-labeled Pittsburgh compound B ([11C]PiB) and T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans 3.0 ± 0.6 years apart. Standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) images (50-70 minutes; cerebellar gray matter [GM]) and GM volumes were analyzed in standardized space (Montreal Neurological Institute space). RESULTS 85% of PiB(-) subjects remained PiB(-), whereas 15% converted to PiB(+), predominantly in the striatum. None reverted from PiB(+) to PiB(-). Increases in SUVR were distributed globally, but there were no decreases in GM volume. The PiB positivity groups differed in the percent rate of change in SUVR [PiB(-): 0.5%/year, PiB converters: 4.9%/year, and PiB(+): 3.7%/year], but not in GM volume. DISCUSSION Despite the characteristic striatum-first pattern, the global rate of amyloid accumulation differs by pre-existing amyloid burden and precedes atrophy or dementia in the DS population, similar to general AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Darlynne A. Devenny
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Albany, NY, USA
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Esbensen AJ, Hooper SR, Fidler D, Hartley SL, Edgin J, d'Ardhuy XL, Capone G, Conners FA, Mervis CB, Abbeduto L, Rafii M, Krinsky-McHale SJ, Urv T. Outcome Measures for Clinical Trials in Down Syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017. [PMID: 28452584 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-122.2.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, including Down syndrome, are being targeted for clinical trials. However, a challenge exists in effectively evaluating the outcomes of these new pharmacological interventions. Few empirically evaluated, psychometrically sound outcome measures appropriate for use in clinical trials with individuals with Down syndrome have been identified. To address this challenge, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) assembled leading clinicians and scientists to review existing measures and identify those that currently are appropriate for trials; those that may be appropriate after expansion of age range addition of easier items, and/or downward extension of psychometric norms; and areas where new measures need to be developed. This article focuses on measures in the areas of cognition and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Esbensen
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - Stephen R Hooper
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - Deborah Fidler
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - Sigan L Hartley
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - Jamie Edgin
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - George Capone
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - Frances A Conners
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - Carolyn B Mervis
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - Leonard Abbeduto
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - Michael Rafii
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - Sharon J Krinsky-McHale
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
| | - Tiina Urv
- Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Stephen R. Hooper, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill; Deborah Fidler, Colorado State University; Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jamie Edgin, University of Arizona; Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Roche Innovation Center Basel; George Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Frances A. Conners, University of Alabama; Carolyn B. Mervis, University of Louisville; Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine; Michael Rafii, University of Southern California and University of California, San Diego; Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Columbia University Medical Center; Tiina Urv, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and Outcome Measures Working Group. Note: Outcome Measures Working Group Participants: Cognition Working Group-Leonard Abbeduto, Frances Conners, Jamie Edgin, Michael Harpold, Stephen Hooper, Sharon J. Krinsky-McHale, Nancy Raitano Lee, Xavier Liogier d'Ardhuy, Carolyn Mervis, Roger Reeves, Michael Ropacki, Paul Wang; Behavior Working Group-George Capone, Elisabeth Dykens, Anna Esbensen, Deborah Fidler, Sigan Hartley, Seth Keller, Michael Rafii, Sara Weir
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Esbensen AJ, Hooper SR, Fidler D, Hartley S, Edgin J, d’Ardhuy XL, Capone G, Conners F, Mervis CB, Abbeduto L, Rafii M, Krinsky-McHale SJ, Urv T. Outcome Measures for Clinical Trials in Down Syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 122:247-281. [PMID: 28452584 PMCID: PMC5424621 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-122.3.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, including Down syndrome, are being targeted for clinical trials. However, a challenge exists in effectively evaluating the outcomes of these new pharmacological interventions. Few empirically evaluated, psychometrically sound outcome measures appropriate for use in clinical trials with individuals with Down syndrome have been identified. To address this challenge, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) assembled leading clinicians and scientists to review existing measures and identify those that currently are appropriate for trials; those that may be appropriate after expansion of age range addition of easier items, and/or downward extension of psychometric norms; and areas where new measures need to be developed. This article focuses on measures in the areas of cognition and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Leonard Abbeduto
- MIND Institute, University of California, Davis School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Tiina Urv
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
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Cole JH, Annus T, Wilson LR, Remtulla R, Hong YT, Fryer TD, Acosta-Cabronero J, Cardenas-Blanco A, Smith R, Menon DK, Zaman SH, Nestor PJ, Holland AJ. Brain-predicted age in Down syndrome is associated with beta amyloid deposition and cognitive decline. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 56:41-49. [PMID: 28482213 PMCID: PMC5476346 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are more likely to experience earlier onset of multiple facets of physiological aging. This includes brain atrophy, beta amyloid deposition, cognitive decline, and Alzheimer's disease—factors indicative of brain aging. Here, we employed a machine learning approach, using structural neuroimaging data to predict age (i.e., brain-predicted age) in people with DS (N = 46) and typically developing controls (N = 30). Chronological age was then subtracted from brain-predicted age to generate a brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD) score. DS participants also underwent [11C]-PiB positron emission tomography (PET) scans to index the levels of cerebral beta amyloid deposition, and cognitive assessment. Mean brain-PAD in DS participants' was +2.49 years, significantly greater than controls (p < 0.001). The variability in brain-PAD was associated with the presence and the magnitude of PiB-binding and levels of cognitive performance. Our study indicates that DS is associated with premature structural brain aging, and that age-related alterations in brain structure are associated with individual differences in the rate of beta amyloid deposition and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Cole
- Computational, Cognitive & Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (C3NL), Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Tiina Annus
- Cambridge Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Liam R Wilson
- Cambridge Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Young T Hong
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tim D Fryer
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Robert Smith
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David K Menon
- Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shahid H Zaman
- Cambridge Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter J Nestor
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anthony J Holland
- Cambridge Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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58
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LeVine H, Spielmann HP, Matveev S, Cauvi FM, Murphy MP, Beckett TL, McCarty K, Lott IT, Doran E, Schmitt F, Head E. Down syndrome: age-dependence of PiB binding in postmortem frontal cortex across the lifespan. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 54:163-169. [PMID: 28385551 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in brain accumulates as a function of age in people with Down syndrome (DS) with subsequent development into Alzheimer disease neuropathology, typically by 40 years of age. In vivo imaging using the Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) ligand has facilitated studies linking Aβ, cognition, and dementia in DS. However, there are no studies of PiB binding across the lifespan in DS. The current study describes in vitro 3H-PiB binding in the frontal cortex of autopsy cases with DS compared to non-DS controls. Tissue from 64 cases included controls (n = 25) and DS (n = 39). In DS, 3H-PiB binding was significantly associated with age. After age 40 years in DS, 3H-PiB binding rose dramatically along with increasing individual variability. 3H-PiB binding correlated with the amount of Aβ42. Using fixed frontal tissue and fluorescent 6-CN-PiB, neuritic and cored plaques along with extensive cerebral amyloid angiopathy showed 6-CN-PiB binding. These results suggest that cortical PiB binding as shown by positron emission tomography imaging reflects plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in DS brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry LeVine
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - H Peter Spielmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Center for Structural Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Sergey Matveev
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - M Paul Murphy
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Tina L Beckett
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Katie McCarty
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ira T Lott
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Eric Doran
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Frederick Schmitt
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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59
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Doran E, Keator D, Head E, Phelan MJ, Kim R, Totoiu M, Barrio JR, Small GW, Potkin SG, Lott IT. Down Syndrome, Partial Trisomy 21, and Absence of Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of APP. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 56:459-470. [PMID: 27983553 PMCID: PMC5662115 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene on chromosome 21 in Down syndrome (DS) has been linked to increased brain amyloid levels and early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). An elderly man with phenotypic DS and partial trisomy of chromosome 21 (PT21) lacked triplication of APP affording an opportunity to study the role of this gene in the pathogenesis of dementia. Multidisciplinary studies between ages 66-72 years comprised neuropsychological testing, independent neurological exams, amyloid PET imaging with 11C-Pittsburgh compound-B (PiB), plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) measurements, and a brain autopsy examination. The clinical phenotype was typical for DS and his intellectual disability was mild in severity. His serial neuropsychological test scores showed less than a 3% decline as compared to high functioning individuals with DS who developed dementia wherein the scores declined 17-28% per year. No dementia was detected on neurological examinations. On PiB-PET scans, the patient with PT21 had lower PiB standard uptake values than controls with typical DS or sporadic AD. Plasma Aβ42 was lower than values for demented or non-demented adults with DS. Neuropathological findings showed only a single neuritic plaque and neurofibrillary degeneration consistent with normal aging but not AD. Taken together the findings in this rare patient with PT21 confirm the obligatory role of APP in the clinical, biochemical, and neuropathological findings of AD in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Doran
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - David Keator
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Michael J. Phelan
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ron Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Minodora Totoiu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Jorge R. Barrio
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gary W. Small
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven G. Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ira T. Lott
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA,Corresponding author: Ira T. Lott, MD, Address: University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 101 The City Drive South, ZC 4482, Orange, CA 92868, Phone: 714-456-5333, Fax: 714-456-8466,
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60
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Matthews DC, Lukic AS, Andrews RD, Marendic B, Brewer J, Rissman RA, Mosconi L, Strother SC, Wernick MN, Mobley WC, Ness S, Schmidt ME, Rafii MS. Dissociation of Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease effects with imaging. ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2016. [PMID: 28642933 PMCID: PMC5477635 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Down Syndrome (DS) adults experience accumulation of Alzheimer's disease (AD)–like amyloid plaques and tangles and a high incidence of dementia and could provide an enriched population to study AD-targeted treatments. However, to evaluate effects of therapeutic intervention, it is necessary to dissociate the contributions of DS and AD from overall phenotype. Imaging biomarkers offer the potential to characterize and stratify patients who will worsen clinically but have yielded mixed findings in DS subjects. Methods We evaluated 18F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET), florbetapir PET, and structural magnetic resonance (sMR) image data from 12 nondemented DS adults using advanced multivariate machine learning methods. Results Our results showed distinctive patterns of glucose metabolism and brain volume enabling dissociation of DS and AD effects. AD-like pattern expression corresponded to amyloid burden and clinical measures. Discussion These findings lay groundwork to enable AD clinical trials with characterization and disease-specific tracking of DS adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - James Brewer
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Mosconi
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen C Strother
- ADM Diagnostics, Northbrook, IL, USA.,Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Hospital and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Miles N Wernick
- ADM Diagnostics, Northbrook, IL, USA.,Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Medical Imaging Research Center, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William C Mobley
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Seth Ness
- Janssen Research and Development LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | | | - Michael S Rafii
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
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