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Bailey C, Lim SL. Investigating psychological mechanisms of self-controlled decisions for food and leisure activity. J Behav Med 2024; 47:458-470. [PMID: 38342789 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00469-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining a healthy body weight requires balancing energy intake and expenditure. While previous research investigated energy input or food decisions, little is known about energy output or leisure activity decisions. By combining experimental decision-making paradigms and computational approaches, we investigated the psychological mechanisms of self-controlled food and leisure activity decisions through the effects of reward-oriented and health-oriented preferences as well as body weight status, stress, and coping. Based on individual's responses, the self-controlled food and leisure activity choices were indexed as the proportions of "no" unhealthy but tasty (or enjoyable) (inhibitory self-control against short-term pleasure) and "yes" healthy but not tasty (or not enjoyable) responses (initiatory self-control for long-term health benefits). The successful self-control decisions for food and leisure activity were positively correlated with each other, r = 22, p < .01. In beta regression analyses, the successful self-controlled food decisions decreased as the taste-oriented process increased, β = - 0.50, z = -2.99, p < .005, and increased as the health-oriented process increased, β = 1.57, z = 4.68, p < .001. Similarly, the successful self-controlled leisure activity decisions decreased as the enjoyment-oriented process increased, β = - 0.79, z = -5.31, p < .001, and increased as the health-oriented process increased, β = 0.66, z = 2.19, p < .05. The effects of the other factors were not significant. Overall, our findings demonstrated the mutual interrelationship between food and leisure activity decision-making and suggest that encouraging health-oriented processes may benefit both energy input and expenditure domains and improve self-controlled choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Bailey
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 5030 Cherry St, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
| | - Seung-Lark Lim
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 5030 Cherry St, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA.
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2
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Van den Bergh BRH, Antonelli MC, Stein DJ. Current perspectives on perinatal mental health and neurobehavioral development: focus on regulation, coregulation and self-regulation. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2024; 37:237-250. [PMID: 38415742 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Perinatal mental health research provides an important perspective on neurobehavioral development. Here, we aim to review the association of maternal perinatal health with offspring neurodevelopment, providing an update on (self-)regulation problems, hypothesized mechanistic pathways, progress and challenges, and implications for mental health. RECENT FINDINGS (1) Meta-analyses confirm that maternal perinatal mental distress is associated with (self-)regulation problems which constitute cognitive, behavioral, and affective social-emotional problems, while exposure to positive parental mental health has a positive impact. However, effect sizes are small. (2) Hypothesized mechanistic pathways underlying this association are complex. Interactive and compensatory mechanisms across developmental time are neglected topics. (3) Progress has been made in multiexposure studies. However, challenges remain and these are shared by clinical, translational and public health sciences. (4) From a mental healthcare perspective, a multidisciplinary and system level approach employing developmentally-sensitive measures and timely treatment of (self-)regulation and coregulation problems in a dyadic caregiver-child and family level approach seems needed. The existing evidence-base is sparse. SUMMARY During the perinatal period, addressing vulnerable contexts and building resilient systems may promote neurobehavioral development. A pluralistic approach to research, taking a multidisciplinary approach to theoretical models and empirical investigation needs to be fostered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta C Antonelli
- Laboratorio de Programación Perinatal del Neurodesarrollo, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Prof.E. De Robertis", Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Frauenklinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Dan J Stein
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Devlin BL, Ellis A, Zehner TM, Duncan RJ, Elicker J, Purpura DJ, Schmitt SA. Contributions of preschool behavioral self-regulation and social skills to growth in different domains of early math knowledge. J Exp Child Psychol 2024; 241:105867. [PMID: 38341961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The current study explored the relative contribution of individual differences in children's behavioral self-regulation and social skills (often referred to as learning-related skills) in the fall of preschool to children's rate of growth in different domains of early math knowledge through the spring of kindergarten. Participants were 684 children (Mage = 57.6 months, SD = 3.8, at Time 1 [fall of preschool]; 48% female; 43% Black, 32% White, 13% Latine, 11% multiracial, and 1% Asian). All children were from families with low incomes and lived in the midwestern United States. The math domains of informal numeracy, formal numeracy, and math language were assessed at four time points: fall and spring of preschool and fall and spring of kindergarten. Contrary to expectations, we did not find that either learning-related skill positively predicted rate of growth in math knowledge or observe differential relations by math domain. Rather, the relative contribution of behavioral self-regulation and social skills in the fall of preschool to rate of growth in math knowledge followed similar patterns across all math domains: an early advantage for children with higher initial social skills that stayed consistent over time (i.e., a nonsignificant slope effect) and an early advantage for children with higher initial behavioral self-regulation that diminished over time (i.e., a negative slope effect).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna L Devlin
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
| | - Alexa Ellis
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Tracy M Zehner
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; College of Education, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Robert J Duncan
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - James Elicker
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - David J Purpura
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sara A Schmitt
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
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Bentivegna F, Papachristou E, Flouri E. A scoping review on self-regulation and reward processing measured with gambling tasks: Evidence from the general youth population. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301539. [PMID: 38574098 PMCID: PMC10994357 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aberrant reward processing and poor self-regulation have a crucial role in the development of several adverse outcomes in youth, including mental health disorders and risky behaviours. This scoping review aims to map and summarise the evidence for links between aspects and measures of reward processing and self-regulation among children and adolescents in the general population. Specifically, it examined the direct associations between self-regulation (emotional or cognitive regulation) and reward processing. Studies were included if participants were <18 years and representative of the general population. Quantitative measures were used for self-regulation, and gambling tasks were used for reward processing. Of the eighteen studies included only two were longitudinal. Overall, the direction of the significant relationships identified depended on the gambling task used and the self-regulation aspect explored. Emotional regulation was measured with self-report questionnaires only, and was the aspect with the most significant associations. Conversely, cognitive regulation was mainly assessed with cognitive assessments, and most associations with reward processing were non-significant, particularly when the cognitive regulation aspects included planning and organisational skills. Nonetheless, there was some evidence of associations with attention, cognitive control, and overall executive functioning. More longitudinal research is needed to draw accurate conclusions on the direction of the association between self-regulation and reward processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bentivegna
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Efstathios Papachristou
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eirini Flouri
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ortynsky M, Walsh MM, Carleton E, Ziemer J. Leaders' emotional labour and abusive supervision: The moderating role of mindfulness. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3298. [PMID: 37497586 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examine how leaders' emotional labour strategies (surface acting and deep acting) deplete leaders' self-control resources to predict abusive supervision, in addition to the moderating role of leader mindfulness. Integrating ego-depletion theory and emotion regulation theory, we hypothesise that deep acting and surface acting predict higher levels of abusive supervision, which is mediated by reduced self-control. Furthermore, we predict that leaders' trait mindfulness moderates the relationship between emotional labour and self-control on abusive supervision. Results from a three-wave study of leader-follower dyads supported mediation hypotheses; both deep and surface acting predicted abusive supervision, which is mediated by reduced self-control. Our moderated mediation hypotheses were supported for deep acting but not surface acting. This research contributes to the literature by demonstrating the depleting nature of emotional labour in leadership and the importance of leader mindfulness as a boundary condition that can make deep acting less harmful for leader behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikaila Ortynsky
- Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan M Walsh
- Sobey School of Business, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Erica Carleton
- Hill and Levene Schools of Business, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Julie Ziemer
- Hill and Levene Schools of Business, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Yazıcı-Kabadayı S, Öztemel K. The Mediating Role of Rumination and Self-Regulation Between Self-Generated Stress and Psychological Well-Being. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:550-576. [PMID: 36002229 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221119415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to examine the relationships between self-generated stress (SGS) and psychological well-being (PWB) and the mediating role of self-critical rumination (SCR) and self-regulation in this relationship. In this direction, the Self-Generated Stress Scale (SGSS) was adapted into Turkish in the first study. In the second study, we tested the mediating role of SCR and self-regulation in the relationship between SGS and PWB in university students. The findings showed that the Self-Generated Stress Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for Turkish culture and PWB and self-regulation have partial mediating roles in the relationship between SGS and PWB. These results contribute to a better understanding of the association between SGS and PWB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Yazıcı-Kabadayı
- Department of Counseling and Guidance, Faculty of Education,Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Türkiye
| | - Kemal Öztemel
- Psychological Counseling and Guidance Program, Faculty of Gazi Education, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Wang M, Xu Q, He N, Zhang L, Zhang X. Materialism and Problematic Social Network Sites Use Among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and Self-Control. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:668-687. [PMID: 36167485 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221130230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prior studies have ascertained some risk factors of problematic social network sites use (PSNSU). Nevertheless, few research has examined the potential impact of materialism on PSNSU, as well as underlying mechanisms between this relationship. The present study investigated whether materialism would be linked with adolescents' PSNSU and whether self-esteem and self-control would mediate them. A sample of 1238 Chinese adolescents (53.6% females) completed measurements regarding demographics, materialism, PSNSU, self-esteem, and self-control. After controlling for gender and age, the results indicated that: (a) materialism was positively correlated with PSNSU; (b) materialism can indirectly affect PSNSU through the mediating effects of self-control; and (c) materialism can indirectly affect PSNSU through the sequential mediating role of self-esteem and self-control. These findings not only provide a new perspective for the cultivation of adolescents' values, but also contribute an important driving force for the prevention and intervention of adolescents' PSNSU in the information technology era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Wang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an, China
| | - Quan Xu
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an, China
| | - Ning He
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an, China
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Yang Q, Xie R, Wang D, Li J, Zhang R, Li W, Ding W. How to survive the long night? Longitudinal relationship between sleep problems and suicidal behavior among adolescents: The serial mediating roles of negative emotion, self-control, and nonsuicidal self-injury. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024; 54:349-360. [PMID: 38284480 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep problems are a significant risk factor for identifying and preventing suicidal involvement among adolescents. However, there is limited evidence to assess the underlying mechanisms between them. This study investigated the longitudinal relationship between sleep problems and suicidal behavior and examined whether this relationship was moderated by negative emotions, low self-control, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). METHODS From December 2020 onward, we assessed 1214 Chinese secondary school adolescents (60.7% were boys, aged 13-19 years) three times, 6 months apart. RESULTS In the direct effects model, sleep problems were found to have a positive impact on adolescent suicidal behavior. In the indirect effects model, we observed that sleep problems were associated with an elevated risk of suicidal behavior through several pathways: one-mediator path of negative emotions, low self-control, and NSSI, respectively; two-mediator path of negative emotions via low self-control, negative emotions via NSSI, and low self-control via NSSI, and three-mediator path from negative emotions to NSSI via low self-control. CONCLUSIONS This longitudinal study provides evidence that sleep problems in adolescents may increase suicidal behavior by exacerbating negative emotions, weakening self-control, and promoting NSSI. The findings suggest sleep problems should be addressed in suicide prevention and intervention efforts for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Yang
- School of Psychology, Parent Education Research Center, Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Ruibo Xie
- School of Psychology, Parent Education Research Center, Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Die Wang
- School of Psychology, Parent Education Research Center, Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- School of Psychology, Parent Education Research Center, Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Psychology, Parent Education Research Center, Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Weijian Li
- School of Psychology, Parent Education Research Center, Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Wan Ding
- School of Psychology, Parent Education Research Center, Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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9
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Wu Y, Ng-Knight T, Tenenbaum HR. Schoolwork effort and emotions predict self-control in a weekly diary study. J Pers 2024; 92:436-456. [PMID: 36964985 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Self-control supports many positive life outcomes. However, the processes underlying the development of self-control are not well understood. Drawing on the TESSERA model of personality development, we examined whether weekly schoolwork effort predicts self-control (in the subsequent week). We also examined the role of schoolwork emotions and whether these emotions moderated the impact of schoolwork effort on self-control based on predictions from the TESSERA model. METHODS Data are from a weekly diary study (N = 98) that measured children's schoolwork effort, schoolwork emotions, and self-control during five consecutive weeks. Data were analyzed at the between- and within-person levels using multilevel models. RESULTS Between-person results show that schoolwork effort is related to variations in children's self-control. Furthermore, some emotions moderated the influence of schoolwork effort on self-control at the between- and within-person levels. CONCLUSION In line with the TESSERA model of personality development, positive state expressions of effort during schoolwork (e.g., putting in effort) predicted higher self-control in the subsequent week. However, this finding was dependent on the reactions and reinforcement children felt about their effort (e.g., emotional responses to their remote schoolwork). The discussion examines how these findings extend to previous literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wu
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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10
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Bürgler S, Hennecke M. Metacognition and polyregulation in daily self-control conflicts. Scand J Psychol 2024; 65:179-194. [PMID: 37728134 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Metacognition is important for self-regulated learning, and it has recently been argued that it may play an important role in self-control more generally. We studied multiple aspects of metacognition in self-control, namely metacognitive knowledge including a person's repertoire ("toolbox") of different self-regulatory strategies, metacognitive regulation (planning, monitoring, and evaluation), and polyregulation (using more self-regulatory strategies in a single self-control conflict) as predictors of people's self-control success in daily life. In a preregistered experience sampling study, N = 503 participants reported their self-control conflicts up to eight times per day for 10 days, yielding 9,639 reports of daily self-control conflicts. Analyses showed that higher levels of metacognitive knowledge, planning, monitoring, evaluation, and polyregulation as well as a larger strategy repertoire were associated with higher levels of success in resolving daily self-control conflicts. Additionally, higher levels of trait self-control were associated with higher levels of metacognitive knowledge, planning, and monitoring. These findings highlight the importance of metacognition and polyregulation for successful self-control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bürgler
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
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11
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de Oliveira JD, Jordaan J, Cronjé M. Morality, self-control, age, type of offence and sentence length as predictors of psychopathy amongst female incarcerated offenders in South Africa. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299847. [PMID: 38547082 PMCID: PMC10977693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
There has been an increase in female incarcerated offenders nationally and internationally. Despite this trend, literature and research on female offenders remain limited compared to their male counterparts. Evidence of the relationship between certain personality disorders and offending behaviour has led numerous countries to prioritise identifying and assessing personality disorders among the offender population. Psychopathic personality traits may contribute to women's risk factors for expressing antisocial behaviours, resulting in their potential future incarceration. Thus, a need exists to understand possible factors that may predict the expression of psychopathic traits in females, which may have notable utility among female offenders. This study aimed to investigate possible predictor variables of psychopathy amongst incarcerated female offenders in South Africa. A quantitative research approach, non-experimental research type, and correlational research design were employed. A convenience sampling technique was used. The sample consisted of 139 (N = 139) female offenders housed in two correctional centres in South Africa who voluntarily participated in this study. Correlation analyses and hierarchical regression analysis procedures were conducted to analyse the results. Results indicated (i) a certain combination of predictor variables that statistically and practically significantly explained both primary and secondary psychopathy and (ii) individual predictor variables (e.g., Impulsivity, Simple Tasks, Risk-Seeking, and Self-Centredness) that explained both primary and secondary psychopathy statistically and practically significantly. This study provides valuable information about the possible predictor variables of psychopathy amongst female offenders within the context of South Africa. However, further research must be conducted to validate these findings and advance our knowledge on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacques Jordaan
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
| | - Matthew Cronjé
- Department of Criminology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
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12
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Salajegheh M, Rooholamini A, Norouzi A. Investigating the role of clinical exposure on motivational self-regulation skills in medical students based on cognitive apprenticeship model. BMC Med Educ 2024; 24:257. [PMID: 38459546 PMCID: PMC10921607 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of motivation regulation in medical students is highly significant due to their unique educational circumstances, such as clinical exposure. However, the role of clinical exposure in learning motivational self-regulation skills in students has not been explored thus far. This current study aims to investigate the role of clinical exposure on motivational self-regulation skills in medical students based on cognitive apprenticeship model. METHOD This study was descriptive-analytical research conducted in 2022 on medical students. Data collection involved two questionnaires including Meta motivational Strategies in Medical Students Questionnaire and Maastricht Clinical Teaching Questionnaire. The research comprised two stages including measuring motivational self-regulation strategies in students before entering the clinical exposure phase, and simultaneous measurement of clinical exposure based on the student's viewpoint and their motivational self-regulation strategies at the end of the first term of clinical exposure. RESULTS The results revealed a significant relationship between six dimensions of the cognitive apprenticeship model, including modeling, coaching, scaffolding, reflection, exploration, and learning environment, with motivational self-regulation strategies. However, there was no significant relationship between the articulation dimension of the cognitive apprenticeship model and motivational self-regulation strategies. CONCLUSION Clinical exposure indirectly enhances students' metacognitive skills. Observing the behavior of clinical faculty in the clinical exposure setting leads to the improvement of motivational self-regulation strategies in medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahla Salajegheh
- Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Development Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Azadeh Rooholamini
- Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Development Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Ali Norouzi
- Education Development Center, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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13
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García-Castro FJ, Bendayan R, Blanca MJ. Validity Evidence for the Brief Self-Control Scale in the Spanish Adult Population: A Systematic Study. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:208-217. [PMID: 37288870 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2220403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) has been widely studied across languages and populations. However, research examining the Spanish version is scant and limited to the adolescent population. Our aim here was to provide validity evidence for use of the BSCS with Spanish adults by analyzing and comparing the psychometric properties of different versions of the scale (13-item, 10-item, 9-item, 8-item, and 7-item). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the internal structure based on one-factor and two-factor models. Results obtained in a sample of 676 Spanish adults showed adequate fit indices for the two-factor structure of the 9-item, 8-item, and 7-item versions of the BSCS, although only the 9-item and 8-item BSCS were found to be invariant across gender. Item homogeneity and reliability of factor scores for these two versions (9-item and 8-item) were satisfactory. We also provide novel validity evidence based on relationships with indicators of psychological adjustment and wellbeing. Scores on the 9-item and 8-item BSCS correlated with life satisfaction, flourishing, self-esteem, distress, depression, and loneliness, and hence both may be suitable for use in mental health assessment contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Bendayan
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - María J Blanca
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Sciences Methodology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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Nix RL, Gill S, Hostetler ML, Feinberg ME, Francis LA, Stifter CA, McNeil CB, Kidder SM, Jones DE, Park YR, Kim CN, Engbretson AG, Braaten SM, Tamkin VL. Promoting toddlers' self-regulation and healthy eating habits among families living in poverty: A randomized controlled trial of Recipe 4 Success. Child Dev 2024; 95:354-367. [PMID: 37767600 PMCID: PMC10942656 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.14006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The Recipe 4 Success preventive intervention targeted multiple factors critical to the health and well-being of toddlers living in poverty. This randomized controlled trial, which was embedded within Early Head Start home visits for 12 weeks, included 242 racially and ethnically diverse families (51% girls; toddler mean age = 2.58 years; data collected 2016-2019). Compared to parents in usual practice home visits, parents in Recipe 4 Success displayed greater sensitive scaffolding of toddlers' learning and more responsive food parenting practices (Cohen's d = .21-.30). Toddlers in Recipe 4 Success exhibited greater self-regulation and had healthier eating habits (Cohen's d = |.16-.35|). Results highlight the value of Recipe 4 Success in promoting parent and toddler behavior change that could have life-long benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L. Nix
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sukhdeep Gill
- Pennsylvania State University-York, York, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Lori A. Francis
- Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Sarah M. Kidder
- Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Damon E. Jones
- Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ye Rang Park
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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15
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Chen Z, Li X, Si W, Xie S, Xia X. Individual self-regulation, external monitoring, and farmers' safe production behavior: Evidence from the Kuan-chung Plain, China. J Environ Manage 2024; 354:120474. [PMID: 38422568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable agricultural development requires comprehending the fundamental factors influencing farmers' adoption of safe production behavior. This study investigates intrinsic and extrinsic determinants, encompassing the influence of individual self-regulation and external monitoring, regarding the endorsement of safe labor practices among farmers in Kuan-Chung Plain, China. The findings underscore the pivotal role of personal self-regulation in stimulating farmers' implementation of safe production behavior. Additionally, governmental and public monitoring can act as catalysts, motivating farmers to shift from conventional agricultural production methods to safer alternatives. Moreover, the results revealed that a synergistic effect arises from the collaboration between public and governmental monitoring, combined with individual self-regulation. This collaborative approach significantly enhances farmers' propensity to embrace safe production behavior. Hence, policymakers should prioritize educating farmers on ethical restraint, optimizing policy strategies, and strengthening supervision practices to establish an effective platform for public monitoring. These measures will augment farmers' comprehension of the significance of safe production behavior and empower them to proactively implement these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Economics and Management, Yantai University, Yantai, 264000, China.
| | - Wei Si
- College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Shouhong Xie
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Xianli Xia
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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16
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Joseph A, Sylva K, Sammons P, Siraj I. Drivers of the socio-economic disadvantage gap in England: Sequential pathways that include the home learning environment and self-regulation as mediators. Br J Educ Psychol 2024; 94:22-40. [PMID: 37527934 DOI: 10.1111/bjep.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socio-economic status (SES) is a powerful predictor of attainment. Research has identified multiple mechanisms that underpin the effect of SES on attainment. For example, self-regulation (processes through which individuals direct and control their attention, emotion and behaviour) has been identified as one mechanism mediating the SES attainment gap. However, previous studies have not directly tested the statistical pathways by which children from lower SES backgrounds develop low self-regulation skills and subsequently poor attainment at the end of primary school. Adding the home learning environment, which is associated with both SES and self-regulation, further fleshes out the longitudinal pathways. AIMS We propose and test a new model where the relationship between SES and school attainment is sequentially mediated by the family home learning environment and the child's self-regulation. SAMPLE This study uses the Effective Pre-school, Primary and Secondary Education data set to study 2311 English children. METHODS We measured SES (via socio-economic disadvantage) based on an index of low parental education, occupation and income at age 3+. The home learning environment was measured by the Home Learning Environment Index at age 3+; self-regulation was a teacher report on the Child Social Behaviour Questionnaire at age 4+ and attainment was measured via scores on national assessments of English and Maths at age 11. RESULTS Our measure of disadvantage predicted attainment. The home learning environment predicted children's self-regulation skills. The relationship between disadvantage and attainment was sequentially mediated by the home learning environment and self-regulation. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that home learning environment and self-regulation may play a sequential role in perpetuating socio-economic disparities in education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Joseph
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Kathy Sylva
- Department of Education, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pam Sammons
- Department of Education, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Iram Siraj
- Department of Education, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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17
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Kiel N, Samdan G, Wienke AS, Reinelt T, Pauen S, Mathes B, Herzmann C. From co-regulation to self-regulation: Maternal soothing strategies and self-efficacy in relation to maternal reports of infant regulation at 3 and 7 months. Infant Ment Health J 2024; 45:135-152. [PMID: 38175546 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.22098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This study, conducted in Germany, examines the role of maternal soothing strategies to explain the association of maternal self-efficacy with infant regulation (crying and sleeping behavior). Questionnaire data of 150 mothers, living in Germany, with mixed ethnic and educational backgrounds were collected when infants were 3 and 7 months old. Two types of maternal soothing strategies were distinguished: close soothing, involving close physical and emotional contact, and distant soothing, involving physical and emotional distancing from the infant. A cross-sectional SEM at 3 months indicated that maternal self-efficacy is associated with reported infant regulation through distant soothing strategies. Low maternal self-efficacy was associated with frequent maternal use of distant soothing, which in turn was related to reported infant regulation problems, that is, non-soothability and greater crying frequency. Frequent use of close soothing was associated with reported infant sleeping behavior, that is, frequent night-time awakenings. A longitudinal SEM further indicated that the effects of close soothing persisted at least until the infants' age of 7 months. The study showed how low maternal self-efficacy, increased use of distant soothing, and reported early infant regulation problems are intertwined and that, due to their persisting positive effect on infant soothability, close soothing better supports infant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Kiel
- Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Gizem Samdan
- Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika S Wienke
- Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Tilman Reinelt
- Department of Neonatology, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Center for Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sabina Pauen
- Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Mathes
- Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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18
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Andeweg SM, Bodrij FF, Prevoo MJL, Rippe RCA, Alink LRA. Household chaos and parenting: The effect of household chaos does not depend on sensory-processing sensitivity and self-regulation. Infant Ment Health J 2024; 45:165-184. [PMID: 38329393 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.22105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have found evidence for a causal effect of household chaos on parenting and suggest that this effect may be stronger for parents with higher sensory-processing sensitivity (SPS) or lower self-regulation. This study investigates whether primary caregivers of children around age 1.5-2 years show greater improvement in parenting after a decrease in household chaos if parents have higher SPS or lower self-regulation. The study employs a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design with an intervention aimed at reducing household chaos. A total of 125 parents of toddlers participated in the study. All participants were living in the Netherlands at the time of the study, 89% identified with the Dutch ethnicity and 11% with a non-Dutch ethnicity. Self-report as well as objective measures were used, including videotaped parent-child interactions and home observations. The effect of the intervention on parenting did not depend on SPS or self-regulation. When studying the relation between change in measures of household chaos and posttest parenting, decreased self-reported household chaos was related to less harsh discipline in parents with higher self-regulation, and to more harsh discipline in parents with lower self-regulation. However, this is a tentative finding that should be further explored in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M Andeweg
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - F Fenne Bodrij
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle J L Prevoo
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph C A Rippe
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lenneke R A Alink
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Dai X. A study on mindful agency's influence on college students' engagement with online teaching: The mediating roles of e-learning self-efficacy and self-regulation. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 243:104146. [PMID: 38237473 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
METHODOLOGY A total of 379 college students from 22 classes in 3 universities in Nanjing, who received online teaching, were selected as the participants in this study. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the influence mechanism of mindful agency on their identification by using the Mindful Agency Scale for College Students, the Scale for Identification of College Students with Online Teaching, the Online Learning Self-Efficacy Scale for Adult Learners, and the Questionnaire on Online Self-Disciplined Learning for College Students, which were proven effective in previous studies. In all these studies, the coefficients of Cronbach's α are all above 85. RESULTS The study's findings demonstrated that, in addition to directly and favorably predicting identification with online teaching, mindful agency also had an impact on identification through the mediating effects of self-efficacy in online learning and self-disciplined learning online. CONCLUSIONS By identifying the two intermediary pathways and the orderly chain structure pathways in which mindful agency influences college students' identification with online teaching, this study contributes to the theoretical research on mindfulness in online teaching contexts, the expansion of empirical research on the impact of mindful agency on identification with online teaching, and the development of practical reference materials for improving identification with online teaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Dai
- Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210038, China.
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20
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Hong Y, Bertrand CM, Deater-Deckard K, Smith CL, Bell MA. The role of mother's and child's self-regulation on bidirectional links between harsh parenting and child externalizing problems. Dev Psychol 2024; 60:441-455. [PMID: 38252104 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The authors examined task-based (i.e., executive function), surveyed (i.e., effortful control), and physiological (i.e., resting cardiac respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA]) measures of child and maternal regulation as distinct moderators of longitudinal bidirectional links between child externalizing (EXT) behaviors and harsh parenting (HP) from 6 to 9 years. The sample size was 299 (50.9% female; 1% Asian, 4% multiple races; 14% Black; 78% White), and participants were recruited in the United States (a rural college town in Virginia and a midsized city in North Carolina). Higher child EXT at 6 years predicted higher HP at 7-8 years, which predicted higher EXT at 9 years. Also, this path was moderated by 6-year child effortful control, 6-year resting RSA, and 9-year executive function. In contrast, there was no moderating effect of any measure of maternal regulation. Findings suggest it is important to consider child self-regulation when examining bidirectionality in parent and child effects for HP and child EXT. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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21
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Kowalski AJ, Wang Y, Armstrong B, Trude ACB, Hager E, Black MM. Preschoolers' Self-Regulation and Behavior Problems in the Midst of Caregiver Depression and Chaos. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2024; 45:e159-e167. [PMID: 38377549 PMCID: PMC11018503 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preschoolers' self-regulation is partially developed through home and child care routines. COVID-19-related child care closures increased caregiver depressive symptoms, household chaos, and children's behavior problems. This longitudinal study examined how preschoolers' prepandemic self-regulation was related to behavior problems early in the pandemic, including buffering against the adverse effects of caregiver depressive symptoms and household chaos. METHODS A sample of 264 caregivers of preschoolers reported on their children's self-regulation (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool Version Inhibitory Self Control Index) before the pandemic and caregiver depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiological Studies), household chaos (Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale), and children's behavior problems (Behavior Rating Index for Children) during the pandemic. We used linear mixed models to examine predictors of children's behavior problems, including prepandemic self-regulation, and further examined moderation by pandemic-related caregiver depressive symptoms and household chaos. RESULTS Children were 64% non-Hispanic White and 24% non-Hispanic Black, with mean pandemic age 5.9 years. Prepandemic self-regulation significantly predicted early pandemic behavior problems (β = -0.38 [95% confidence interval, -0.69 to -0.07]). This association was moderated by pandemic-related caregiver depressive symptoms and household chaos; the protective association was maintained at high levels of caregiver depressive symptoms or household chaos, although the association diminished when these co-occurred. CONCLUSION The protective association between prepandemic self-regulation and subsequent behavior problems suggests longitudinal benefits of preschoolers' inhibitory and emotional control. Despite reduced protection associated with co-occurring caregiver and household challenges, self-regulation continued to demonstrate protection against subsequent behavior problems, even in the midst of a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysse J Kowalski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Bridget Armstrong
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Angela C B Trude
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York, NY
| | - Erin Hager
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; and
| | - Maureen M Black
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
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22
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Sun S, Wang Y, Hou H, Niu Y, Shao Y, Chen L, Zhang X. Patients' response during the co-circulation of multiple respiratory diseases in China-based on the self-regulation common-sense model. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1365848. [PMID: 38487193 PMCID: PMC10937360 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1365848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Following the COVID-19 pandemic, another large-scale respiratory epidemic has emerged in China, causing significant social impact and disruption. The article is to explore the patients' psychological and behavioral responses to the enhancement of healthcare quality. Methods Based on the five dimensions of the Self-Regulation Common-Sense Model, we developed an interview outline to explore the process by which patients identify disease symptoms to guide action plans and coping strategies. The researchers used a semi-structured interview format to simultaneously collect data online and offline. This study gathered data from 12 patients with mixed respiratory infections, comprising 58% females and 42% males; the average age was 30.67 years (SD 20.00), with 91.7% infected with two pathogens and 8.3% with three. The data analysis employed the KJ method, themes were inductively analyzed and categorized from semi-structured interview results, which were then organized into a coherent visual and logical pathway. Key results The study identified 5 themes: (1) Autonomous Actions Prior to Seeking Medical Care; (2) Decision-Making in Seeking Hospital Care; (3) Disease Shock; (4) Public Crisis Response; (5) Information Cocoon. Conclusion The pandemic of respiratory infectious diseases has not ceased in recent years. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, China is now facing a trend of concurrent epidemics involving multiple respiratory pathogens. This study centers on patients' health behaviors, exploring the potential relationships among various factors that affect these behaviors. The aim is to provide references and grounds for the improvement of healthcare services when such public health events reoccur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanwen Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yali Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hailong Hou
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuqi Niu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yefan Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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van Alebeek H, Jones CM, Reichenberger J, Pannicke B, Schüz B, Blechert J. Goal pursuit increases more after dietary success than after dietary failure: examining conflicting theories of self-regulation using ecological momentary assessment. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:24. [PMID: 38408993 PMCID: PMC10895756 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintaining a healthy body weight and reaching long-term dietary goals requires ongoing self-monitoring and behavioral adjustments. How individuals respond to successes and failures is described in models of self-regulation: while cybernetic models propose that failures lead to increased self-regulatory efforts and successes permit a reduction of such efforts, motivational models (e.g., social-cognitive theory) make opposite predictions. Here, we tested these conflicting models in an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) context and explored whether effort adjustments are related to inter-individual differences in perceived self-regulatory success in dieting (i.e., weight management). METHODS Using linear mixed effects models, we tested in 174 diet-interested individuals whether current day dietary success or failure (e.g., on Monday) was followed by self-regulatory effort adjustment for the next day (e.g., on Tuesday) across 14 days. Success vs. failure was operationalized with two EMA items: first, whether food intake was higher vs. lower than usual and second, whether food intake was perceived as more vs. less goal-congruent than usual. Trait-level perceived self-regulatory success in dieting was measured on a questionnaire. RESULTS Intended self-regulatory effort increased more strongly after days with dietary success (i.e., eating less than usual / rating intake as goal-congruent) than after days with dietary failure (i.e., eating more than usual / rating intake as goal-incongruent), especially in those individuals with lower scores on perceived self-regulatory success in dieting. CONCLUSIONS Findings support mechanisms proposed by social-cognitive theory, especially in unsuccessful dieters. Thus, future dietary interventions could focus on preventing the decrease in self-regulatory effort after instances of dietary failures and thereby mitigate the potential risk that a single dietary failure initiates a downward spiral into unhealthy eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah van Alebeek
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Str. 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | | | - Julia Reichenberger
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Str. 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Björn Pannicke
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Str. 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Benjamin Schüz
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jens Blechert
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Str. 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
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Torres-Marín J, Gómez-Benito J, Guerrero E, Guilera G, Barrios M. Testing the latent structure, factorial equivalence, and external correlates of the brief self-control scale in a community sample of Spanish adults. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296719. [PMID: 38394086 PMCID: PMC10889899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) is a 13-item personality measure capturing how people differ in their capacity to exert self-control. Although the BSCS was originally regarded as a one-dimensional scale, subsequent psychometric studies have provided support for the empirical distinction of two and four interrelated but distinct components of self-control. Using a large sample of Spanish adults (n = 1,558; 914 female, 58.7%), we performed a comprehensive data-driven comparison of the most well-established item-level latent structures for the BSCS. Results showed that the differentiation between general self-discipline and impulse control offered a better fit to the observed data than did the unidimensional representation of self-control. This two-dimensional structure for the BSCS scores was also supported in terms of its internal consistency, measurement invariance across gender and age groups, and meaningful correlations with wellbeing-related indicators and Big Five personality traits. Plausible implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Torres-Marín
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juana Gómez-Benito
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estefania Guerrero
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georgina Guilera
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maite Barrios
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Parsa-Parsi RW, Gillon R, Wiesing U. The revised International Code of Medical Ethics: an exercise in international professional ethical self-regulation. J Med Ethics 2024; 50:163-168. [PMID: 37487625 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2023-109027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The World Medical Association (WMA), the global representation of the medical profession, first adopted the International Code of Medical Ethics (ICoME) in 1949 to outline the professional duties of physicians to patients, other physicians and health professionals, themselves and society as a whole. The ICoME recently underwent a major 4-year revision process, culminating in its unanimous adoption by the WMA General Assembly in October 2022 in Berlin. This article describes and discusses the ICoME, its revision process, the controversial and uncontroversial issues, and the broad consensus achieved among WMA constituent members, representing over 10 million physicians worldwide. The authors analyse the ICoME, including its response to contemporary changes and challenges like ethical plurality and globalisation, in light of ethical theories and approaches, reaching the conclusion that the document is a good example of international ethical professional self-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin W Parsa-Parsi
- Department for International Affairs, German Medical Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Raanan Gillon
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Urban Wiesing
- Institut für Ethik und Geschichte der Medizin, University of Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany
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Conour CN, Sugiwaka H, Nelson CI, Duncan CL. Self-Control in Pediatric Migraine Management: A Topical Review. J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:107-110. [PMID: 37949096 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review examines the role that two types of self-control may play in youth's self-management of migraine. Although traditionally conceptualized from an inhibitory lens, self-control has both initiatory and inhibitory functions, and the authors suggest the distinction is important in relation to youth's ability to adhere to different components of migraine treatment regimens. METHODS A topical review of the literature was conducted to identify evidence-based interventions to treat pediatric migraine and conceptualize the role self-control (both initiatory and inhibitory) may play in adherence to its regimen. Both PsycInfo and PubMed databases were used to identify relevant articles. RESULTS Existing evidence-based interventions and recommendations for pediatric migraine require inhibitory self-control (e.g., avoiding caffeine, tobacco) and initiatory self-control (e.g., taking medication). Formal intervention programs (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy) tend to employ initiatory self-control (e.g., modifying physical reactions in response to biofeedback). CONCLUSIONS Understanding the distinct types of self-control required for adherence to different interventions allows for a better conceptualization of self-management of pediatric migraine. Individuals may struggle with adherence when they have deficits in one or both types of self-control skills. Future research should consider whether self-control is associated with differential adherence patterns in pediatric migraine management.
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Zhang T. Effects of self-regulation strategies on EFL learners' language learning motivation, willingness to communication, self-efficacy, and creativity. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:75. [PMID: 38360709 PMCID: PMC10870458 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01567-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This study tried to know how self-regulation strategies (SRS) affected the motivation, self-efficacy, willingness to communicate (WTC), and creativity of Chinese EFL learners as they learned English language. To do this, eighty intermediate EFL students were selected and divided into two groups: experimental and control. Four questionnaires were then used to assess the participants' motivation for language acquisition, WTC, self-efficacy, and creativity prior to the intervention. Subsequently, SRS was used to treat the experimental group (EG), whereas a traditional instruction was given to the control group (CG) without the use of SRSs. Four questionnaires were given again as post-tests following a 15-session treatment to gauge how the treatment affected the students' motivation for language acquisition, WTC, self-efficacy, and creativity. Based on the study's results, the EG considerably outstripped the CG on each of the four post-tests. The findings of this research have some implications for researchers, English teachers, EFL learners, and other stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Teaching and Research Section of English, Zhujiang College, South China Agricultural University, 510000, Guang Zhou, Guang Dong, China.
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Willems YE, deSteiguer A, Tanksley PT, Vinnik L, Fraemke D, Okbay A, Richter D, Wagner GG, Hertwig R, Koellinger P, Tucker-Drob EM, Harden KP, Raffington L. Self-control is associated with health-relevant disparities in buccal DNA-methylation measures of biological aging in older adults. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:22. [PMID: 38331797 PMCID: PMC10854186 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01637-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-control is a personality dimension that is associated with better physical health and a longer lifespan. Here, we examined (1) whether self-control is associated with buccal and saliva DNA-methylation (DNAm) measures of biological aging quantified in children, adolescents, and adults, and (2) whether biological aging measured in buccal DNAm is associated with self-reported health. Following preregistered analyses, we computed two DNAm measures of advanced biological age (principal-component PhenoAge and GrimAge Acceleration) and a DNAm measure of pace of aging (DunedinPACE) in buccal samples from the German Socioeconomic Panel Study (SOEP-G[ene], n = 1058, age range 0-72, Mage = 42.65) and saliva samples from the Texas Twin Project (TTP, n = 1327, age range 8-20, Mage = 13.50). We found that lower self-control was associated with advanced biological age in older adults (PhenoAge Acceleration β = - .34, [- .51, - .17], p < .001; GrimAge Acceleration β = - .34, [- .49, - .19], p < .001), but not young adults, adolescents or children. These associations remained statistically robust even after correcting for possible confounders such as socioeconomic contexts, BMI, or genetic correlates of low self-control. Moreover, a faster pace of aging and advanced biological age measured in buccal DNAm were associated with self-reported disease (PhenoAge Acceleration: β = .13 [.06, .19], p < .001; GrimAge Acceleration: β = .19 [.12, .26], p < .001; DunedinPACE: β = .09 [.02, .17], p = .01). However, effect sizes were weaker than observations in blood, suggesting that customization of DNAm aging measures to buccal and saliva tissues may be necessary. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that self-control is associated with health via pathways that accelerate biological aging in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y E Willems
- Max Planck Research Group Biosocial - Biology, Social Disparities, and Development, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - A deSteiguer
- Population Research Center, The University of Texas, Austin, USA
| | - P T Tanksley
- Population Research Center, The University of Texas, Austin, USA
| | - L Vinnik
- Max Planck Research Group Biosocial - Biology, Social Disparities, and Development, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Fraemke
- Max Planck Research Group Biosocial - Biology, Social Disparities, and Development, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Okbay
- School of Business and Economics, Economics Fellow, Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Economics, School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Richter
- SHARE Berlin Institute GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - G G Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- German Socio Economic Panel Study (SOEP), Berlin, Germany
| | - R Hertwig
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Koellinger
- School of Business and Economics, Economics Fellow, Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Economics, School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E M Tucker-Drob
- Population Research Center, The University of Texas, Austin, USA
| | - K P Harden
- Population Research Center, The University of Texas, Austin, USA
| | - Laurel Raffington
- Max Planck Research Group Biosocial - Biology, Social Disparities, and Development, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
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Andrade FC, Burnell K, Godwin J, Hoyle RH. Alcohol Use and Abstinence throughout Adolescence: The Changing Contributions of Perceived Risk of Drinking, Opportunities to Drink, and Self-Control. Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:910-919. [PMID: 38326713 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2310489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Adolescence is characterized by psychosocial and cognitive changes that can alter the perceived risk of negative effects of alcohol, opportunities to drink, and self-control. Few studies have investigated whether these factors change in their contribution to adolescent drinking over time. This study examined associations between perceived risk, opportunities to drink, self-control, and past-year drinking and investigated whether self-control buffers the effect of lower perceived risk and frequent drinking opportunities on the probability of past-year drinking. Method: Data from a four-wave longitudinal study (2015-2020) of 2,104 North Carolina adolescents (Mage = 12.36, SDage = 1.12, at Time 1) were used to assess changes in associations between self-control, perceived risk of drinking, and drinking opportunities on the frequency of past-year drinking. Hypotheses were tested using latent trajectory models. Results: At all timepoints, greater perceived risk, fewer drinking opportunities, and higher self-control were associated with drinking abstinence in the past year. Self-control buffered the impact of frequent drinking opportunities and lower perceived risk on the probability of alcohol use at Times 1-3. Conclusions: Despite expectations that adolescents' ability to navigate their environments improves as they age, associations between risk, protective factors, and past-year drinking were relatively stable over time. Nevertheless, self-control protected against frequent drinking opportunities and lower perceived risk. Strategies that support or relieve the need for self-control (e.g., situation modification) may protect against alcohol use throughout adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C Andrade
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Burnell
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Godwin
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rick H Hoyle
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Paap KR, Anders-Jefferson RT, Balakrishnan N, Majoubi JB. The many foibles of Likert scales challenge claims that self-report measures of self-control are better than performance-based measures. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:908-933. [PMID: 36894758 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-023-02089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Self-control and executive functioning are often treated as highly related psychological constructs. However, measures of each rarely correlate with one another. This reflects some combination of true separability between the constructs and measurement differences. Traditionally, executive functioning is objectively measured as performance on computer-controlled tasks in the laboratory, whereas self-control is subjectively measured with self-report scales of predispositions and behaviors in everyday life. Self-report measures tend to better predict outcomes that should be affected by individual differences in control. Our two studies show that the original version of Tangney, Baumeister, and Boone's brief self-control scale (consisting of four positive and nine negative items) strongly correlates with self-esteem, mental health, fluid intelligence, but only weakly with satisfaction with life and happiness. Four variants of the original scale were created by reverse-wording the 13 original items and recombining them to form, for example, versions with all positive or all negative items. As the proportion of items with positive valence increased: (1) the outcomes with strong correlations in the original scale weakened and the weak correlations strengthened and (2) the mean overall scores increased. Both studies replicated a common finding that the original scale yields two factors in an exploratory factor analysis. However, the second factor is generated by method differences, namely, having items with both positive and negative valence. The second factor is induced by the common practice of reverse-coding the items with negative valence and the faulty assumption that Likert scales are equal-interval scales with a neutral-point at midscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Paap
- Psychology Department, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA.
| | - Regina T Anders-Jefferson
- Psychology Department, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - Nithyasri Balakrishnan
- Psychology Department, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - John B Majoubi
- Psychology Department, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
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Tao Y, Liu T, Hua Y, Lv A, Ni C. Effects of a temporal self-regulation theory-based intervention on self-management in hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled trial. Patient Educ Couns 2024; 119:108059. [PMID: 37976671 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.108059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of a temporal self-regulation theory-based intervention on self-management in hemodialysis patients. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was carried out in Lanzhou, China. Participants were randomly allocated to either the intervention group (n = 42) or control group (n = 42). The outcomes of self-management level, interdialytic weight gain, serum potassium and serum phosphorus were collected at baseline (T0), 1 month after intervention (T1), and 2 months after follow-up (T2). RESULTS After intervention and follow-up, the self-management score of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group, while the interdialytic weight gain, serum potassium, and serum phosphorus were significantly lower. The group and time interaction effects revealed that participants in the intervention group exhibited significantly greater improvement in self-management at T1 and T2. Interdialytic weight gain decreased significantly at T2. Serum potassium levels did not differ significantly at T1 or T2. The changes in serum phosphorus were both significant at T1 and T2. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the temporal self-regulation theory-based intervention was effective in improving hemodialysis patients' self-management. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The findings suggest popularizing and applying this intervention in the clinic to maintain the long-term effectiveness of the intervention effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiu Tao
- School of Nursing, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Joint Surgery, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tongcun Liu
- Blood Purification Center, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Hua
- School of Nursing, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aili Lv
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunping Ni
- School of Nursing, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Figueroa G, Castañeda S, McLean H, Dukandar J, Wilson S, Martin P, St George SM, Araya-Acero L, Jones PD. Low Health Literacy, Lack of Knowledge, and Self-Control Hinder Healthy Lifestyles in Diverse Patients with Steatotic Liver Disease. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:384-398. [PMID: 38112835 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08212-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In parallel with the obesity and diabetes epidemics, steatotic liver disease (SLD) has emerged as a major global public health concern. The mainstay of therapy is counseling on weight loss and increased exercise. However, such lifestyle modifications infrequently lead to success. We aimed to identify barriers to diet and lifestyle modification in patients with SLD. METHODS Patients with SLD completed a 14-item questionnaire that assigned barriers to healthy eating to three categories: lack of knowledge, lack of self-control, and lack of time, with a higher summary score indicating more perceived barriers. We administered assessments of health literacy and physical activity. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics and ordinal regression analysis. RESULTS We included 151 participants with a median age of 64; 54% were female and 68.2% were Hispanic. Median BMI was 31.9 kg/m2. Most respondents, 68.2%, had low health literacy and were either underactive, 29.1% or sedentary, 23.2%. Lack of self-control was the strongest barrier to achieving a healthy lifestyle, followed by lack of knowledge. Lack of time was not significant barrier. Patients with the most significant barriers were more likely to have obesity, low health literacy, and be sedentary. DISCUSSION Lack of self-control and knowledge are the greatest barriers to adopting a healthy lifestyle in patients with SLD. Future clinical interventions should integrate education that targets various health literacy levels with behavioral approaches to improve a sense of agency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Figueroa
- Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14Th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Stephanie Castañeda
- Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14Th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hayley McLean
- Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14Th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jasmine Dukandar
- Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14Th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Shanique Wilson
- University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital Internal Medicine Residency, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Paul Martin
- Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14Th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Sara M St George
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Luis Araya-Acero
- Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14Th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Patricia D Jones
- Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14Th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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Schwarze CE, von der Heiden S, Wallwiener S, Pauen S. The role of perinatal maternal symptoms of depression, anxiety and pregnancy-specific anxiety for infant's self-regulation: A prospective longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2024; 346:144-153. [PMID: 37832733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal symptoms of anxiety and depression are highly prevalent during pregnancy and postpartum and have the potential to impact fetal development and offspring behavior. However, research on the effects of fetal exposure to maternal subclinical affective symptoms on infant self-regulation is still lacking. Self-regulation provides a fundamental precondition for healthy development and overall life success whereas dysfunctional self-regulation can lead to behavioral problems, poor academic achievement, social rejection, and physical/mental disorders. During pregnancy and infancy, children largely depend upon their mothers in order to successfully regulate their internal states. Given the high prevalence of mothers suffering from anxiety and depressive symptoms during pregnancy and after childbirth, the aim of the present study is to explore how maternal affective symptoms change during the pre- and postnatal period, and how measures obtained in pregnancy and beyond impact self-regulation in infants, as indicated by crying-, sleeping-, and/or feeding problems. METHODS This prospective longitudinal study investigates the effects of maternal symptoms of depression, anxiety, and pregnancy-specific anxiety on infant's self-regulation in N = 225 mother-infant dyads. Maternal affective symptoms were examined at five prenatal and three postnatal time-points using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire Revised (PRAQ-R2). Infant's self-regulation was assessed twice - at the age of three and six months - using the Crying Feeding Sleeping Scale (SFS). RESULTS Maternal pregnancy-specific anxiety was the most significant predictor for infant self-regulatory problems. It predicted crying-, sleeping, and feeding problems and explained up to 18 % of the variance. Even when controlling for maternal postpartum affective symptoms, pregnancy-specific anxiety remained a significant predictor for infant self-regulation problems. LIMITATIONS Rather homogenous sample (high socioeconomic status). Data based on maternal reports of infant behavior. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that fetal exposure to maternal affective symptoms - specifically pregnancy-related anxiety - plays a substantial role in the development of infant self-regulation problems, potentially mediated by epigenetic modifications. Importantly, even though maternal symptoms of depression and anxiety only reached subclinical levels, they were predictive for infant crying-, sleeping-, and feeding problems. Our findings underline the importance of early prevention and clearly tailored interventions during pregnancy and postpartum to prevent adverse outcome for mother, child and family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia E Schwarze
- Heidelberg University, Department of Psychology, Developmental and Biological Psychology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sina von der Heiden
- Heidelberg University, Department of Psychology, Developmental and Biological Psychology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Wallwiener
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Heidelberg, Germany; University of Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Halle, Germany
| | - Sabina Pauen
- Heidelberg University, Department of Psychology, Developmental and Biological Psychology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
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Li JB, Zhang R, Dou K, Cheung RYM, Ho HCY, Chung KKH. Parental self-control facilitates adolescent psychological adjustment sequentially through parents' perceived stress/mindful parenting and adolescent self-control. J Fam Psychol 2024; 38:59-70. [PMID: 38032655 DOI: 10.1037/fam0001172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a unique developmental period marked with significant changes and challenges. As such, maintaining optimal psychological adjustment is crucial for young people, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic when their adjustment became more challenging. Self-control is a vital ability assisting individuals to navigate difficulties and stay well-adjusted during turbulent times. While the associations between adolescent self-control and adjustment have been well-documented, parental self-control has been considered to play a more fundamental role in adolescent adjustment. However, this consideration has received scant research. Drawing on the intergenerational transmission model of self-regulation, we examined an understudied yet plausible idea that parental self-control facilitates adolescent adjustment through parents' lower levels of perceived stress/better mindful parenting and adolescents' improved self-control. A two-wave survey study, spanning 1 year apart, was conducted among 426 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 11.6 years, 53.5% boys) and their parents. Parents rated their self-control, perceived stress, and mindful parenting at T1, while adolescents rated their self-control and adjustment (i.e., psychological difficulties and life satisfaction) at T1 and T2. The results of chain mediation model showed that after controlling for demographic covariates and baseline levels of adolescent self-control and adjustment, T1 paternal self-control facilitated T2 adolescent adjustment through fathers' lower levels of perceived stress and adolescents' improved self-control. By contrast, T1 maternal self-control facilitated T2 adolescent adjustment through mothers' better mindful parenting and adolescents' improved self-control. These findings advance our understanding of how self-control is transmitted from parents to offspring and clarify the processes of how parental self-control facilitates adolescent adjustment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Li
- Department of Early Childhood Education, Education University of Hong Kong
| | - Rui Zhang
- Faculty of Education, University of Hong Kong
| | - Kai Dou
- Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University
| | - Rebecca Y M Cheung
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading
| | - Henry C Y Ho
- Department of Psychology, Education University of Hong Kong
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Bilgin A, Wolke D, Trower H, Baumann N, Räikkönen K, Heinonen K, Kajantie E, Schnitzlein D, Lemola S. Emotional problems and peer victimization in adolescents born very preterm and full-term: Role of self-control skills in childhood. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:302-311. [PMID: 36453116 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to examine whether self-control skills in childhood moderate the association between very preterm birth (<32 weeks of gestational age) and emotional problems and peer victimization in adolescence. We used data from four prospective cohort studies, which included 29,378 participants in total (N = 645 very preterm; N = 28,733 full-term). Self-control was mother-reported in childhood at 5-11 years whereas emotional problems and peer victimization were both self- and mother-reported at 12-17 years of age. Findings of individual participant data meta-analysis showed that self-control skills in childhood do not moderate the association between very preterm birth and adolescence emotional problems and peer victimization. It was shown that higher self-control skills in childhood predict lower emotional problems and peer victimization in adolescence similarly in very preterm and full-term borns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayten Bilgin
- School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Hayley Trower
- Division of Health Sciences, Mental Health and Wellbeing Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Nicole Baumann
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Heinonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Psychology/Welfare Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Sakari Lemola
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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D'Cruz AFL, D'Souza NJ, Downing KL, Smith C, Sciberras E, Hesketh KD. Association between physical activity and self-regulation in early childhood: A systematic review. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13657. [PMID: 38049177 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity and self-regulation are important predictors of pediatric overweight and obesity. Young children (0-5 years) with lower physical activity levels and poorer self-regulation skills are at greater risk for overweight. Despite growing evidence that the two constructs are interrelated, their association remains unclear in young children. This review systematically summarized associations between physical activity and self-regulation in early childhood and explored the directionality of associations. Searches were run in six electronic databases. Forty-seven papers met inclusion criteria. Only three studies investigated all three domains of self-regulation (behavioral, cognitive, and emotional). Overall, findings were inconclusive; studies reported weak to moderate positive associations (n = 17), inverse associations (n = 5), mixed associations (n = 15), null association (n = 2), and negative (n = 1) between physical activity and self-regulation. Compared with the emotional and cognitive domains, physical activity was most consistently positively associated with behavioral self-regulation. Only one study assessed bidirectional associations, reporting a positive association. The three studies that included global self-regulation showed contradicting findings. There is some evidence that physical activity dose and sex potentially confound these associations; however, further research is needed given the paucity of studies. This review highlights the need for more in-depth investigation of the complex association between physical activity and global self-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhigale F L D'Cruz
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ninoshka J D'Souza
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine L Downing
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cynthia Smith
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emma Sciberras
- Center for Social and Early Emotional Development (SEED), School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kylie D Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Tan KA, Nik Jaafar NR, Bahar N, Ibrahim N, Baharudin A, Wan Ismail WS, Abdul Aziz M, Sim ST. The Dual Systems Model-Impulsivity and Narcissism as the Reflexive System and Self-Regulation as the Reflective System-of Smartphone Addiction. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2024; 27:156-162. [PMID: 38232711 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of underlying mechanisms leading to the development of smartphone addiction has been limited, with only a few studies incorporating theories to provide explanations. Drawing upon the Dual Systems Model, this study tested the hypothesis that the reflective system of self-regulation would mediate the relation between the reflexive system of impulsivity and narcissism, and smartphone addiction in a sample of 298 undergraduate students. Participants completed a self-administrated web-based questionnaire containing measures of impulsivity (the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale), narcissism (the Narcissistic Personality Inventory), self-regulation (the Self-Regulation Scale), and smartphone addiction (the Smartphone Addiction Inventory). The findings from structural equation modeling revealed that self-regulation served as a significant mediator between impulsivity and smartphone addiction, as well as between narcissism and smartphone addiction. These findings offer insights that can contribute to the development of interventions and strategies that target impulsivity and narcissism by enhancing self-regulation skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit-Aun Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nik Ruzyanei Nik Jaafar
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norharlina Bahar
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Multidisciplinary Clinic, Prince Court Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Normala Ibrahim
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azlin Baharudin
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Salwina Wan Ismail
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Melisa Abdul Aziz
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Ampang, Ampang, Malaysia
| | - Su Tein Sim
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Bendel-Stenzel LC, An D, Kochanska G. Elucidating mechanisms linking mothers' and fathers' mind-mindedness in infancy with children's self-regulation at early preschool age. J Exp Child Psychol 2024; 238:105782. [PMID: 37783014 PMCID: PMC10843086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2023.105782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has examined factors that contribute to individual differences in children's self-regulation (SR), a key social-emotional competence crucial to adjustment and mental health. Those differences become salient and measurable at late toddler age. In the CAPS (N = 200 community families), we examined mothers' and fathers' appropriate mind-mindedness (MM)-the ability to view the child as a psychological agent and correctly interpret his or her mental states-as a predictor of children's SR. MM was observed in parent-child interactions at 8 months, and SR was observed as the capacity for deliberate delay in standard tasks at 3 years. Reflecting a family system perspective, processes both within and across mother-child and father-child relationships were examined in one model. Parent-child mutual responsiveness, observed during interactions at 16 months, was modeled as a mediator of the paths from MM to SR. Fathers' MM had a significant, direct positive effect on SR; in addition, it enhanced mutual responsiveness in both father-child and mother-child dyads and promoted child SR through enhanced mother-child mutual responsiveness. The findings elucidate relatively poorly understood mechanisms linking parental MM in infancy with SR at early preschool age, highlight similarities and differences in the processes unfolding in mother-child and father-child relationships, and emphasize interparental dynamics in socialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilly C Bendel-Stenzel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Danming An
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Grazyna Kochanska
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Westermann N, Busching R, Klein AM, Warschburger P. The Longitudinal Interplay between Adverse Peer Experiences and Self-Regulation Facets: A Prospective Analysis during Middle Childhood. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:293-308. [PMID: 37782355 PMCID: PMC10937773 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01117-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Positive peer experiences and self-regulation (SR) skills are crucial for children's healthy development, but little is known about how they interact during middle childhood. Therefore, we examined the prospective links between adverse peer experiences (APEs) and SR, drawing from the dataset of the PIER study. Across three measurement points, 1654 children aged 6-11 (T1), 7-11 (T2), and 9-13 years (T3) were included. We assessed the SR facets updating, flexibility, inhibition, emotional reactivity, inhibitory control, and planning using computerized tasks, parent- and teacher-reports. The latent variable of APEs consisted of measures of peer victimization and peer rejection assessed via self-, parent-, and teacher-report. Separate cross-lagged panel models were calculated, investigating the interplay of each SR facet and APEs. Results indicated that experiencing more APEs at T1 predicted higher emotional reactivity, and lower inhibition, inhibitory control, updating, and flexibility at T2. More APEs at T2 predicted higher emotional reactivity and lower planning at T3. Lower inhibition, updating, and flexibility at T2 predicted more APEs at T3. Accordingly, we found a negative bidirectional relationship between inhibition, updating, and flexibility with APEs. Our findings highlight that during middle childhood more APEs predict lower SR, which in turn predicts more experiences of peer victimization and rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Westermann
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24/25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Robert Busching
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24/25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Annette M Klein
- International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Stromstr. 1, 10555, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Warschburger
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24/25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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Tse AC, Liu VH, Lee PH, Anderson DI, Lakes KD. The relationships among executive functions, self-regulation, and physical exercise in children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism 2024; 28:327-341. [PMID: 37161786 DOI: 10.1177/13623613231168944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT This study examined the impacts of two types of physical exercises (two-wheel cycling vs stationary cycling) on cognition and self-regulation among 64 children with autism spectrum disorder. It also explored the role of social, emotional, and physical needs of an individual in the relationship between exercise, cognition, and self-regulation. Results showed that participants in the two-wheel cycling group showed significant improvements in their cognition and that the two exercise groups also enhanced their self-regulation. Moreover, this study also revealed that the social need is crucial in mediating the relationship between exercise and self-regulation. This study strengthens the notion that cognitively engaging exercise is more beneficial than the non-cognitively engaging exercise in enhancing cognition in children with autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Cy Tse
- The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Venus Hl Liu
- The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Naghmeh R, Sadat Hoseini AS, Dehghan Nayeri N. Spiritual Health Consequences from the Iranian Adolescents' Perspective. J Relig Health 2024; 63:344-355. [PMID: 37721603 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01911-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Spiritual health is a unique force that can influence the physical, mental, and social dimensions of life. In order to know the positive effects of spiritual health, it is necessary to explain the adolescents' experiences in this area. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate Iranian adolescents' experiences regarding the effects of spiritual health. This study was conducted based on a qualitative approach using content analysis. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 adolescents aged 14-18 years. Subsequently, the obtained data were analyzed using the Graneheim and Lundman method. In total, three major categories emerged from data analysis, including mental health promotion, self-control, and purposefulness in life. Considering the significant effects of spiritual health on adolescents' development, it is essential to pay attention to this dimension of health and develop plans to enhance it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razaghi Naghmeh
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Akram Sadat Sadat Hoseini
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tohid Square, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nahid Dehghan Nayeri
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Schmid J, Moschko T, Riccio M, Snyder KA, Gawrilow C, Stadler G. Self-control fluctuates from day to day and is linked to subjective well-being within and between persons. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024; 16:254-272. [PMID: 37582548 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The psychological trait of self-control has been linked to interindividual differences in subjective well-being: Individuals with higher self-control report less negative affect, more positive affect, and higher life satisfaction. However, less is known about how much self-control fluctuates from day to day and how these fluctuations are related to subjective well-being. This intensive longitudinal study describes day-to-day fluctuations in self-control and investigates whether and how they are related to subjective well-being. A sample of 64 undergraduate students at the entry phase of university (M = 22.55 years, SD = 6.51, range = 18-53, 97% female) provided 1459 reports of their self-control and subjective well-being, collected every evening across three 9-day measurement bursts over 6 months. Participants' self-control fluctuated substantially from day to day with less than 40% of the variability in daily self-control being attributable to interindividual differences in self-control. On days with higher self-control, participants reported less negative affect, more serenity, and higher life satisfaction. We found no relationship between self-control and vigor. The findings suggest that researchers need to go beyond current assessment practices and theories treating self-control as a stable trait to help develop tailored well-being interventions for everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Schmid
- Department of Child and Adolescence Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Research on Individual Developmental and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk (IDeA), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tomasz Moschko
- Department of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Gender in Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthew Riccio
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Caterina Gawrilow
- Center for Research on Individual Developmental and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk (IDeA), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- LEAD Graduate School and Research Network, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gertraud Stadler
- Gender in Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Gorin AA, Leahey TM, Cornelius T, Bourgea K, Powers TA. Self-control and grit: associations with weight management and healthy habits. J Behav Med 2024; 47:160-167. [PMID: 37440156 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00431-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Weight management requires resisting immediate temptations in one's environment (self-control) as well as the ability to persevere towards one's long-term goals despite minor setbacks (grit). This study sought to establish relationships between self-control, grit, and behavioral and health outcomes in the context of a couples-based weight management intervention. Couples (n = 64 dyads) in a behaviorally based intervention completed measures of self-control and grit at study entry and the end of treatment (6 months). Habit automaticity for self-weighing and exercise as well as objective weights were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months (maintenance). Self-control and grit increased during treatment; these increases were significantly associated with greater self-weighing habit automaticity at 6 months. Baseline self-control, changes in self-control, and baseline grit were also associated with 6-month exercise automaticity. Only baseline grit was associated with weight loss maintenance. No partner effects were observed. Findings suggest that self-control and grit are malleable constructs that may play an important role in health behavior habits associated with weight management.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02570009, October, 7, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A Gorin
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, 2006 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT, 06269-1248, USA.
| | - Tricia M Leahey
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, 2006 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT, 06269-1248, USA
| | - Talea Cornelius
- Division of General Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Presbyterian Hospital, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Katelyn Bourgea
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, 02115-6128, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theodore A Powers
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, 02747, Dartmouth, MA, USA
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Pozzato I, Tran Y, Gopinath B, Cameron ID, Craig A. The importance of self-regulation and mental health for effective recovery after traffic injuries: A comprehensive network analysis approach. J Psychosom Res 2024; 177:111560. [PMID: 38118203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traffic injuries significantly impact people's psychological, physical and social wellbeing, and involve complex self-regulation responses. Psychological impacts are seldom recognized and addressed holistically. This study employs network analysis to investigate the interconnectedness between different dimensions that influence mental health vulnerability and recovery after traffic injuries. METHODS 120 adults with mild-to-moderate traffic injuries and 112 non-injured controls were recruited. The network investigation employed two main approaches. Four cross-sectional networks examined the interrelationships between self-regulation responses (cognitive and autonomic) and various health dimensions (psychological, physical, social) over time (1, 3, 6, 12 months). Three predictive networks explored influences of acute self-regulation responses (1 month) on long-term outcomes. Network analyses focused on between-group differences in overall connectivity and centrality measures (nodal strength). RESULTS An overall measure of psychological wellbeing consistently emerged as the most central (strongest) node in both groups' networks. Injured individuals showed higher overall connectivity and differences in the centrality of self-regulation nodes compared to controls, at 1-month and 12-months post-injury. These patterns were similarly observed in the predictive networks, including differences in cognitive and autonomic self-regulation influences. CONCLUSIONS Network analyses highlighted the crucial role of psychological health and self-regulation, in promoting optimal wellbeing and effective recovery. Post-traffic injury, increased connectivity indicated prolonged vulnerability for at least a year, underscoring the need of ongoing support beyond the initial improvements. A comprehensive approach that prioritizes psychological health and self-regulation through psychologically informed services, early psychological screening, and interventions promoting cognitive and autonomic self-regulation is crucial for mitigating morbidity and facilitating recovery. TRIAL REGISTRATION IMPRINT study, ACTRN 12616001445460.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Pozzato
- John Walsh Centre Rehabilitation Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Yvonne Tran
- Macquarie University, Hearing Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Australia
| | - Bamini Gopinath
- Macquarie University, Hearing Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Australia
| | - Ian D Cameron
- John Walsh Centre Rehabilitation Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashley Craig
- John Walsh Centre Rehabilitation Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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46
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Edler K, Valentino K. Parental self-regulation and engagement in emotion socialization: A systematic review. Psychol Bull 2024; 150:154-191. [PMID: 38436650 DOI: 10.1037/bul0000423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Parental emotion-related socialization behaviors (ERSBs)-including reactions to emotions, emotional expressiveness, and emotion-related discussion-can foster or hinder children and adolescents' self-regulation development. Toward a goal of identifying specific mechanisms by which children and adolescents develop skillful, adaptive self-regulation or, conversely, self-regulation difficulties and psychopathology, it is crucial to identify processes that shape and maintain parental engagement in ERSBs. This present study is a systematic review of the associations between parental self-regulation and three different ERSBs (reactions to emotions, emotional expressiveness, and emotion-related discussion), building upon research that posits parental top-down self-regulation (i.e., emotion regulation, executive function, and effortful control) is critical for parenting behavior. Fifty-three studies were identified for inclusion. All but four of these studies were cross-sectional, limiting conclusions that could be drawn regarding whether parental self-regulation is associated with ERSBs over time. Studies used a wide range of methods (e.g., self-report, physiological assessment, observer ratings) to assess both parental self-regulation and ERSBs, rendering a meta-analysis premature. Across studies included in the review, parental self-regulation was positively associated with supportive ERSBs and negatively associated with unsupportive ERSBs. Future directions for research and implications for translational efforts are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Hohnemann C, Rivkin W, Diestel S. An energizing microintervention: How mindfulness fosters subjective vitality through regulatory processes and flow experience at work. J Occup Health Psychol 2024; 29:45-56. [PMID: 38059984 DOI: 10.1037/ocp0000369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Can adopting one's morning routines influence employees' experiences throughout the day? To answer this focal question, we examine the daily effects of a brief meditation in the morning on well-being throughout the day considering spillover effects from the home to the work domain and back. To identify the dominant underlying mechanisms of this daily spillover, we draw on the personality systems interactions theory that distinguishes between autonomous self-regulation and effortful self-control as two psychological processes that reflect the regulation of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in alignment or contradiction with one's interests, values, and goals. Accordingly, we hypothesized that meditating in the morning before work fosters autonomous self-regulation and reduces effortful self-control in the work domain, which subsequently facilitates the experience of flow at work and hence fosters subjective vitality in the home domain after work. A quasi-experimental daily-diary study over 10 days with a brief 10-min mindfulness intervention during the final 5 days with 78 participants (588 day-level data points) supported most of our predictions. More specifically, our data suggest a positive indirect effect of the intervention on subjective vitality in the evening via self-regulation and flow experience. However, there was no indirect effect of the intervention on subjective vitality via self-control. The results help to clarify how a mindfulness-based intervention can influence distinct regulatory processes and well-being, crossing boundaries between the work and home domains. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Hohnemann
- Department of Work, Organizational and Business Psychology, University of Wuppertal
| | - Wladislaw Rivkin
- Trinity Business School, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin
| | - Stefan Diestel
- Department of Work, Organizational and Business Psychology, University of Wuppertal
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Rhoden-Neita MA, Huang H, Fava NM. The Effects of Childhood Adversity and Self-Regulation on the Well-Being of Adults with Delinquency Histories: A Mediation Model. J Evid Based Soc Work (2019) 2024; 21:117-139. [PMID: 37847740 DOI: 10.1080/26408066.2023.2265923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Most youth with delinquency histories experience childhood adversity leaving them vulnerable to poor adult well-being. Previous research indicates that self-regulation difficulties could explain how childhood adversity affects adult well-being. Yet, very few studies target adult self-regulation intervention. Therefore, this study examined the intervening effects of emerging adult self-regulation on the association between childhood adversity and adult well-being. METHOD Using data from the first four waves of the Add Health Study, the researchers conducted structural equation modeling for mediation with bootstrapping. The researchers tested the mediation effects of emerging adult self-regulation on the association between childhood adversity (child maltreatment and violent victimization) and later adult well-being (mental health problems, alcohol and drug use, criminal behaviors) among people with delinquency histories and/or arrest prior to age 18 (N = 1,792). RESULTS Several significant direct effects and one partial mediation effect were found. For example, child maltreatment significantly predicted adult mental health problems and criminal behaviors. Self-regulation (via the dissatisfaction with life and self subscale) mediated the association between child maltreatment and adult mental health problems. DISCUSSION Findings highlight the need for social workers to focus on prevention services and trauma-informed treatment for people with delinquency histories. In addition, evidence-based practice requires self-regulation interventions for adults with histories of childhood adversity and delinquency to focus on their emotional and cognitive functioning as well as self-esteem. CONCLUSION Implementing self-regulation interventions during emerging adulthood can be useful to mitigate later adult mental health problems among people with histories of childhood adversity and delinquency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Huang
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Nicole M Fava
- School of Social Work, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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Hammarberg SI, Wallhed Finn S, Rosendahl I, Andréasson S, Jayaram-Lindström N, Hammarberg A. Behavioural self-control training versus motivational enhancement therapy for individuals with alcohol use disorder with a goal of controlled drinking: A randomized controlled trial. Addiction 2024; 119:86-101. [PMID: 37658776 DOI: 10.1111/add.16325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Controlled drinking (CD) is an attractive treatment goal for a large proportion of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), but the availability of treatment methods supporting a goal of CD is scarce. We tested if behavioural self-control training (BSCT) was superior to motivational enhancement therapy (MET) for individuals with AUD with a treatment goal of CD. DESIGN Randomized controlled two-group trial. Follow-ups were conducted at 12 and 26 weeks (primary end-point) after inclusion. SETTING Three specialized dependency care clinics in Stockholm, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred and fifty self-referred adults (52% men) fulfilling criteria of AUD (DSM-5) and a stated treatment goal of CD. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR BSCT (n = 125), a five-session treatment based on cognitive behavioural therapy versus the active comparator, MET (n = 125), containing four sessions based on Motivational Interviewing. MEASUREMENTS Primary outcome measure was mean weekly alcohol consumption at the 26-week follow-up, adjusted for baseline consumption. CONCLUSIONS A randomized controlled trial found no evidence of a difference between behavioural self-control training and motivational enhancement therapy in reducing weekly alcohol consumption. Both groups substantially reduced consumption and behavioural self-control training was superior in reducing hazardous drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stina Ingesson Hammarberg
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Wallhed Finn
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingvar Rosendahl
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven Andréasson
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nitya Jayaram-Lindström
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Hammarberg
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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Smith AR, McGregor CM, Carr K, Epstein LH, Serwatka C, Paluch R, Piazza J, Shisler S, Kong KL. The impact of a music enrichment program during infancy and early toddlerhood on effortful control at age 3: A preliminary investigation. Infancy 2024; 29:72-79. [PMID: 37823562 DOI: 10.1111/infa.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Effortful control (EC), a self-regulation skill, is associated with long-term developmental outcomes. Music has been associated with infant self-regulation and may be an intervention strategy for enhancing EC during toddlerhood. This investigation included 32 parent-child dyads from a previously conducted randomized controlled trial (RCT). Participants (9-15-months old at baseline) attended either a music enrichment program or a playdate control once a week for 1 year and monthly for an additional year. At age 3, participants completed snack and gift delay effortful control tasks. Groups were compared using one-way ANOVA. We found that participants in the music group had a significantly higher score during snack delay (music mean = 3.47 ± 0.94; control mean = 2.45 ± 1.51; p = 0.03; Cohen's d = 0.84). We did not find a significant group difference for latency to peek (music mean = 39.10 ± 20.10; control mean = 30.90 ± 19.88; p = 0.25; d = 0.57) or latency to touch (music mean = 105.73 ± 417.69; control mean = 98.35 ± 28.84; p = 0.38; d = 0.29) for the gift task. This study provides initial evidence that early participation in a music enrichment program may benefit later development of EC. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02936284).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Smith
- Baby Health Behavior Lab, Division of Health Services and Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Casey M McGregor
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Katelyn Carr
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Leonard H Epstein
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Catherine Serwatka
- Baby Health Behavior Lab, Division of Health Services and Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Rocco Paluch
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jacqueline Piazza
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Shannon Shisler
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Kai Ling Kong
- Baby Health Behavior Lab, Division of Health Services and Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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