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The protective effect of SnF2 containing toothpastes and solution on enamel surfaces subjected to erosion and abrasion in situ. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2014; 15:237-43. [PMID: 24477842 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-013-0107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stannous fluoride solutions have shown promising protective effect against erosion/abrasion, but the effect of SnF2 toothpastes is uncertain. AIM The aim of the study was to test the inhibiting effect of two SnF2 toothpastes and a SnF2 solution against erosive/abrasive wear in a single-blind, randomised in situ study, using a white light interferometer. METHODS Sixteen human molars were each divided into four specimens, mounted on mouth appliances and worn by 8 volunteers for 9 days. Specimens were brushed with toothpaste twice each day for 30 s either with fluoride-free toothpaste or toothpastes including SnF2. Toothpaste was left on the surface for 90 additional seconds. Group 1, fluoride-free toothpaste; Group 2, toothpaste A (0.4% SnF2, Solidox); Group 3, toothpaste B (0.454 % SnF2, Oral-B(®)); Group 4, brushed with fluoride-free toothpaste (30 s) and treated for 2 min with a 0.4 % SnF2 solution (1,000 ppm F). To mimic gastric reflux/vomit, specimens were etched for 2 min twice a day (0.01 M HCl). Procedures were performed extra-orally. RESULTS The mean enamel wear (in μm) for the control specimens was: -29.2 ± SD 10.5; for group 2 -14.5 SD ± 9.3; for group 3 -33.3 SD ± 7.4, and for group 4 +0.4 SD ± 1.3. The specimens treated with SnF2 solution and toothpaste A showed significantly lower enamel wear than the control group. Toothpaste B gave no significant reduction in enamel wear. CONCLUSIONS The SnF2 solution fully protected the enamel surface against erosive and abrasive challenges. The SnF2 toothpaste A (Solidox) showed less, but significant protection of the enamel, while no statistically significant protection was demonstrated by SnF2 toothpaste B (Oral-B(®) Pro-Expert).
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Ganss C, Klimek J, Schlueter N. Erosion/Abrasion-Preventing Potential of NaF and F/Sn/Chitosan Toothpastes in Dentine and Impact of the Organic Matrix. Caries Res 2014; 48:163-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000354679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Hara AT, Barlow AP, Eckert GJ, Zero DT. Novel in-situ longitudinal model for the study of dentifrices on dental erosion-abrasion. Eur J Oral Sci 2013; 122:161-7. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson T. Hara
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry; Oral Health Research Institute; Indiana University School of Dentistry; Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - George J. Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Domenick T. Zero
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry; Oral Health Research Institute; Indiana University School of Dentistry; Indianapolis IN USA
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Paepegaey AM, Barker ML, Bartlett DW, Mistry M, West NX, Hellin N, Brown LJ, Bellamy PG. Measuring enamel erosion: a comparative study of contact profilometry, non-contact profilometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Dent Mater 2013; 29:1265-72. [PMID: 24209832 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare three instruments for their ability to quantify enamel loss after acid erosion. METHODS 6 randomized parallel groups of bovine enamel samples were subjected to citric acid (higher acidity) or orange juice (lower acidity) erosion and remineralisation in a cycling model. Two protected shoulders were created on each of the samples using tape, to serve as reference for analysis. The time of exposure to each acid was varied, along with presence or absence of agitation. After treatment, samples were measured on 3 instruments capable of measuring step height: a contact profilometer (CP); a non-contact profilometer (NCP); and a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) by three different examiners. Additionally, 3D (volume) step height was also measured using the CLSM. RESULTS Increasing acid concentration and exposure time resulted in greater erosion, as did agitation of samples while in acid solution. All instruments/methods identified the same statistically significant (p<0.05) pair-wise differences between the treatments groups. Further, all four methods exhibited strong agreement (Intra-class correlation ≥ 0.96) in erosion level and were highly correlated, with correlations of 0.99 or higher in all cases. SIGNIFICANCE All instruments/methods used in this study produced very similar conclusions with regard to ranking of enamel loss, with data showing very high agreement between instruments. All instruments were found to be equally suited to the measurement of enamel erosion.
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Scaramucci T, Borges AB, Lippert F, Frank NE, Hara AT. Sodium fluoride effect on erosion–abrasion under hyposalivatory simulating conditions. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:1457-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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The effects of fruit smoothies on enamel erosion. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2013; 15:175-81. [PMID: 24072423 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-013-0080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This prospective, randomised in vitro study was to investigate the pH and titratable acidity of fruit smoothie drinks and to assess the effect of these drinks on enamel erosion. METHOD Fifty enamel slabs were divided into five groups which were allocated to the sample solutions groups: Innocent(®) smoothie strawberries and bananas (SB), Innocent(®) smoothie mangoes and passion fruit (MP) and Diet Coke. Distilled deionised water (DD) was used as negative control and citric acid 0.3% as positive control. All the slabs were subjected to a 21-day pH cycling regime involving 2 min of immersions, five times a day with appropriate remineralization periods in between. Measurement of surface loss was assessed using profilometry. Independent sample t tests were used to compare mean. RESULTS The titratable acidity for both test smoothies were 3.5-4 times more than that needed to neutralise Diet Coke and citric acid 0.3%. The pH of SB, MP smoothie and Diet Coke was found to be 3.73, 3.59 and 2.95, respectively. MP smoothie caused the greatest amount of surface loss followed by Diet Coke. Both smoothies were found to cause significant surface loss. MP smoothie resulted in significantly higher surface loss compared with MB smoothie and citric acid 3 %. CONCLUSION The smoothies tested were acidic and had high titratable acidity. They produced a significant erosion of enamel in vitro. The results of this study suggest that there should be increased awareness of the erosive effects of smoothies especially as their consumption seems to be on the increase.
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Schlueter N, Klimek J, Ganss C. Randomised in situ study on the efficacy of a tin/chitosan toothpaste on erosive-abrasive enamel loss. Caries Res 2013; 47:574-81. [PMID: 23969953 DOI: 10.1159/000351654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tin is a notable anti-erosive agent, and the biopolymer chitosan has also shown demineralisation-inhibiting properties. Therefore, the anti-erosive/anti-abrasive efficacy of the combination of both compounds was tested under in situ conditions. Twenty-seven volunteers were included in a randomised, double-blind, three-cell crossover in situ trial. Enamel specimens were recessed on the buccal aspects of mandibular appliances, extraorally demineralised (6 × 2 min/day) and intraorally treated with toothpaste slurries (2 × 2 min/day). Within the slurry treatment time, one-half of the specimens received additional intraoral brushing (5 s, 2.5 N). The tested toothpastes included a placebo toothpaste, an experimental NaF toothpaste (1,400 ppm F(-)) and an experimental F/Sn/chitosan toothpaste (1,400 ppm F(-), 3,500 ppm Sn(2+), 0.5% chitosan). The percentage reduction of tissue loss (slurry exposure/slurry exposure + brushing) compared to placebo was 19.0 ± 47.3/21.3 ± 22.4 after use of NaF and 52.5 ± 30.9/50.2 ± 34.3 after use of F/Sn/chitosan. F/Sn/chitosan was significantly more effective than NaF (p ≤ 0.001) and showed good efficacy against erosive and erosive-abrasive tissue loss. This study suggests that the F/Sn/chitosan toothpaste could provide good protection for patients who frequently consume acidic foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Schlueter
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Clinic, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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Zini A, Krivoroutski Y, Vered Y. Primary prevention of dental erosion by calcium and fluoride: a systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg 2013; 12:17-24. [PMID: 23889732 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overviews of the current literature only provide summaries of existing relevant preventive strategies for dental erosion. OBJECTIVES To perform a systematic review according to the quantitative meta-analysis method of the scientific literature on prevention of dental erosion. The focused question will address primary prevention of dental erosion by calcium and fluoride. MATERIALS AND METHODS Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) regarding dental erosion prevention. The search included five databases: Embase, Cochrane database of systematic reviews, PubMed (MEDLINE), FDA publication and Berman medical library of the Hebrew University. The search included data in the English language, with effect on preventing dental erosion always presented as mean enamel loss and measured by profilometer. Statistical meta-analysis was performed by StatsDirect program and PEPI statistical software. Fixed- and random-effect models were used to analyse the data. Heterogeneity tests were employed to validate the fixed-effect model assumption. RESULTS A total of 475 articles on dental erosion prevention were located. A four-stage selection process was employed, and 10 RCT articles were found to be suitable for meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS The number of studies on prevention of dental erosion maintaining standards of evidence-based dentistry remains insufficient to reach any definite conclusions. The focused questions of this review cannot be addressed according to the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zini
- Department of Community Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
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Schlueter N, Klimek J, Ganss C. Effect of a chitosan additive to a Sn2+-containing toothpaste on its anti-erosive/anti-abrasive efficacy--a controlled randomised in situ trial. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 18:107-15. [PMID: 23417572 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-013-0941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It is well known that Sn(2+) is a notable anti-erosive agent. There are indications that biopolymers such as chitosan can enhance the effect of Sn(2+), at least in vitro. However, little information exists about their anti-erosive/anti-abrasive in situ effects. In the present in situ study, the efficacy of Sn(2+)-containing toothpastes in the presence or absence of chitosan was tested. METHODS Ten subjects participated in the randomised crossover study, wearing mandibular appliances with human enamel specimens. Specimens were extraorally demineralised (7 days, 0.5% citric acid, pH 2.6; 6 × 2 min/day) and intraorally exposed to toothpaste suspensions (2 × 2 min/day). Within the suspension immersion time, one half of the specimens were additionally brushed intraorally with a powered toothbrush (5 s, 2.5 N). Tested preparations were a placebo toothpaste (negative control), two experimental toothpastes (F/Sn = 1,400 ppm F(-), 3,500 ppm Sn(2+); F/Sn/chitosan = 1,400 ppm F(-), 3,500 ppm Sn(2+), 0.5 % chitosan) and an SnF2-containing gel (positive control, GelKam = 3,000 ppm Sn(2+), 1,000 ppm F(-)). Substance loss was quantified profilometrically (μm). RESULTS In the placebo group, tissue loss was 11.2 ± 4.6 (immersion in suspension) and 17.7 ± 4.7 (immersion in suspension + brushing). Immersion in each Sn(2+)-containing suspension significantly reduced tissue loss (p ≤ 0.01); after immersion in suspension + brushing, only the treatments with GelKam (5.4 ± 5.5) and with F/Sn/chitosan (9.6 ± 5.6) significantly reduced loss [both p ≤ 0.05 compared to placebo; F/Sn 12.8 ± 6.4 (not significant)] CONCLUSION Chitosan enhanced the efficacy of the Sn(2+)-containing toothpaste as an anti-erosive/anti-abrasive agent. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The use of Sn(2+)- and chitosan-containing toothpaste is a good option for symptomatic therapy in patients with regular acid impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Schlueter
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland,
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Jager D, Vissink A, Timmer C, Bronkhorst E, Vieira A, Huysmans M. Reduction of Erosion by Protein-Containing Toothpastes. Caries Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1159/000344016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Hara A, Lippert F, Zero D. Interplay between Experimental Dental Pellicles and Stannous-Containing Toothpaste on Dental Erosion-Abrasion. Caries Res 2013; 47:325-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000347051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Efficacy of the stannous ion and a biopolymer in toothpastes on enamel erosion/abrasion. J Dent 2012; 40:1036-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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63
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L’érosion dentaire, un processus fréquent chez le sportif. ACTUALITES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0515-3700(12)71218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Soares LES, de Oliveira R, Nahórny S, Santo AMDE, Martin AA. Micro energy-dispersive X-ray fluoresence mapping of enamel and dental materials after chemical erosion. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2012; 18:1112-1117. [PMID: 23095448 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927612001535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence was employed to test the hypothesis that beverage consumption or mouthwash utilization will change the chemical properties of dental materials and enamel mineral content. Bovine enamel samples (n = 45) each received two cavity preparations (n = 90), each pair filled with one of three dental materials (R: nanofilled composite resin; GIC: glass-ionomer cement; RMGIC: resin-modified GIC). Furthermore, they were treated with three different solutions (S: saliva; E: erosion/Pepsi Twist®; or EM: erosion+mouthwash/Colgate Plax®). It was found that mineral loss in enamel was greater in GICE samples than in RE > RMGICE > RMGICEM > REM > GICEM. An increased percentage of Zr was found in REM indicating organic matrix degradation. Dental materials tested (R, GIC, and RMGIC) were not able to protect adjacent enamel from acid erosion by the soft drink tested. The use of mouthwash promoted protection of enamel after erosion by the soft drink. To avoid chemical dissolution by mouthwashes, protection by resin composites with surface sealants is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Eduardo Silva Soares
- Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, UNIVAP, Research and Development Institute, IP&D Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy, LEVB, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Scatolin RS, Galo R, Corona SAM. In situ effect of dentifrices associated to CO2 laser in the permeability of eroded root dentin. Photomed Laser Surg 2012; 30:573-8. [PMID: 22889179 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2012.3290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate, through a crossover 2×2 in situ trial, the effect of a desensitizing dentifrice associated with CO2 laser irradiation to control the permeability of eroded root dentin. BACKGROUND DATA Facing the increased prevalence of erosive lesion and the need for preventive means to control painful symptoms related to them. METHODS Eighty slabs of bovine root dentin were subjected to initial erosive challenge (citric acid 0.3%, 2 h), followed by a remineralizing period in artificial saliva (24 h). Specimens were then divided according to dentin treatment: desensitizing dentifrice, desensitizing dentifrice+CO2 laser, fluoride anticavity dentifrice. and fluoride anticavity dentifrice+CO2 laser. After a 2-day lead-in period, 10 volunteers wore an intraoral palatal appliance containing four root dentin slabs, in two phases of 5 days each. During the intraoral phase, one side of the appliance was immersed in 0.3% citric acid, and the opposite side was immersed in deionized water, four times a day. One hour after the immersions, all specimens were brushed with dentifrice slurry provided by the researcher. After a 7-day washout period, volunteers were crossed over on the different dentifrice group. Each phase having been completed, the specimens were evaluated for permeability through an optical microscope. RESULTS Data were analyzed using ANOVA and no significant difference (p=0.272) was found between the surface treatments performed on bovine root dentin. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that fluoride anticavity or desensitizing dentifrice, regardless of the association with the CO2 laser irradiation, was able to control the permeability of eroded root dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Siqueira Scatolin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Tooth surface loss is becoming increasingly prevalent. Many cases can be managed with preventive measures, although there remain a number of patients for whom restorative intervention is indicated. Traditional treatment modalities have entailed extensive 'full-mouth' indirect restoration, although this approach has a number of disadvantages. Contemporary restorative techniques allow for a broader range of treatment options: this paper presents an overview of common issues and clinical techniques to overcome these. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Treatment options and guidance for managing patients who present with tooth surface loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian D Satterthwaite
- The University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Higher Cambridge Street, Manchester M15 6FH, UK
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67
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Ganss C, Lussi A, Grunau O, Klimek J, Schlueter N. Conventional and Anti-Erosion Fluoride Toothpastes: Effect on Enamel Erosion and Erosion-Abrasion. Caries Res 2011; 45:581-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000334318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Huysmans M, Jager D, Ruben J, Unk D, Klijn C, Vieira A. Reduction of Erosive Wear in situ by Stannous Fluoride-Containing Toothpaste. Caries Res 2011; 45:518-23. [DOI: 10.1159/000331391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Ren YF, Liu X, Fadel N, Malmstrom H, Barnes V, Xu T. Preventive effects of dentifrice containing 5000ppm fluoride against dental erosion in situ. J Dent 2011; 39:672-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Bellamy PG, Prendergast M, Strand R, Yu Z, Day TN, Barker ML, Mussett AJ. Can anti-erosion dentifrices also provide effective plaque control? Int J Dent Hyg 2011; 9:223-8. [PMID: 21356021 PMCID: PMC3170713 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2010.00480.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While gingivitis and caries continue to be prevalent issues, there is growing concern about dental erosion induced by dietary acids. An oral hygiene product that protects against all these conditions would be beneficial. This study investigated the potential of two anti-erosion dentifrices to inhibit plaque. METHODS This was a randomized, three-period, two-treatment, double-blind, crossover study evaluating a stannous chloride/sodium fluoride dentifrice (SnCl(2)/NaF, blend-a-med(®) Pro Expert) and a popular anti-erosion dentifrice (NaF, Sensodyne(®) ProNamel(™)). During Period 3, subjects were randomized to repeat one treatment to evaluate any product carryover effects. Each treatment period was 17 days. Test dentifrices were used with a standard manual toothbrush. Digital plaque image analysis (DPIA) was employed at the end of each period to evaluate plaque levels (i) overnight (am prebrush); (ii) post-brushing with the test product (am post-brush); and (iii) mid-afternoon (pm). Analysis was conducted via an objective computer algorithm, which calculated total area of visible plaque. RESULTS Twenty-seven subjects completed the study. At all time points, subjects had statistically significantly (P ≤ 0.0001) lower plaque levels after using the SnCl(2)/NaF dentifrice than the NaF dentifrice. The antiplaque benefit for the SnCl(2)/NaF dentifrice versus the NaF dentifrice was: am prebrush = 26.0%; am post-brushing = 27.9%; pm = 25.7%. CONCLUSIONS The SnCl(2)/NaF dentifrice provided significantly greater daytime and overnight plaque inhibition than the NaF toothpaste. When recommending dentifrice to patients susceptible to dental erosion, clinicians can consider one that also inhibits plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Bellamy
- Procter & Gamble, London Innovation Centre, Egham, Surrey, UK.
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71
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The erosive effects of saliva following chewing gum on enamel and dentine: an ex vivo study. Br Dent J 2011; 210:E3. [PMID: 21311513 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2011.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objective was to determine the erosive effect of expectorated saliva, following chewing acidic gum, on enamel and dentine samples, using a non-acidic gum as a negative control. Secondary objectives were to determine the effect of brushing enamel and dentine samples and the effect of individual saliva pH and buffering. DESIGN A single-centre, single-blind, placebo-controlled, two-way crossover study. SETTING A clinical trial, involving healthy participants, undertaken at Bristol Dental School and Hospital. METHODS Eight healthy participants expectorated saliva onto prepared enamel and dentine samples while chewing gum (strawberry flavoured acidic gum [active] or peppermint flavoured non-acidic gum [control]). Half of the enamel and dentine samples were brushed before measurement by contact profilometry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mean enamel and dentine erosion, with and without brushing and the relationship to salivary buffering.Results At 10 days, mean depth of surface loss from dentine samples (95% CI), following chewing of acid-containing gum and subsequent brushing, was -11.34 μm (2.22 μm) and from un-brushed dentine samples was -11.02 μm (1.71 μm). No significant erosion was noted for other groups. CONCLUSIONS Frequent chewers of acid-containing gums are susceptible to dentine erosion even in the presence of good salivary buffering. Enamel erosion was insignificant within the time constraints of the present study but warrants further investigation.
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West N, Davies M, Amaechi B. In vitro and in situ Erosion Models for Evaluating Tooth Substance Loss. Caries Res 2011; 45 Suppl 1:43-52. [DOI: 10.1159/000325945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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De Carvalho Filho ACB, Sanches RP, Martin AA, Do Espírito Santo AM, Soares LES. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry study of the protective effects of fluoride varnish and gel on enamel erosion. Microsc Res Tech 2010; 74:839-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Giles A, Claydon NCA, Addy M, Hughes N, Sufi F, West NX. Clinical in situ study investigating abrasive effects of two commercially available toothpastes. J Oral Rehabil 2010; 36:498-507. [PMID: 19531090 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2009.01965.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine if the abrasive effect on dentine of two commercially available toothpastes, known to vary in their in vitro abrasive levels, can be differentiated in an in situ model after 10 days, assessed by contact profilometry. This was a single centre, single blind, randomized, split mouth, two treatment, in situ study, in 34 healthy subjects, evaluating the abrasive effects of two marketed desensitizing toothpastes, (Colgate Sensitive Multi Protection toothpaste - C; Sensodyne Total Protection - S). Subjects wore bi-lateral, lower buccal appliances, each fitted with four dentine sections which were power brushed three times a day with the treatment regimen. Each subject received two toothpaste treatments for 10 days during the treatment period. Samples were measured at baseline and day 10 by contact and non-contact profilometry and day 5 by contact profilometry. Thirty-four subjects were included in the efficacy analysis. Results from contact profilometry showed statistically significant (P < 0.0001) dentine loss compared to baseline at day 5 and 10 for both pastes. At each time point, C showed statistically significantly greater dentine loss than S, P < 0.0001. After 10 days treatment, the difference in dentine loss between the pastes was 1.4 microm. The non-contact profilometry data showed similar trends. After 10 days of treatment, C showed statistically significantly greater dentine loss than S, with treatment difference of 0.9 microm, P = 0.0057. The methodology used has successfully differentiated between the abrasivity of the two pastes in respect of dentine surface loss over time in an in situ environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giles
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral and Dental Science, University of Bristol, UK
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75
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Schlueter N, Neutard L, von Hinckeldey J, Klimek J, Ganss C. Tin and fluoride as anti-erosive agents in enamel and dentine in vitro. Acta Odontol Scand 2010; 68:180-4. [PMID: 20095948 DOI: 10.3109/00016350903555395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of an experimental tin- and fluoride-containing mouth rinse on progression of erosion in enamel and dentine in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human enamel and dentine specimens were subjected to a cyclic demineralization and remineralization procedure for 10 days, with six 5-min demineralization periods per day. Erosive demineralization was performed with 0.05 M citric acid (pH 2.3). Except in the negative control group, the specimens were treated for 2 min with mouth rinses after the first and sixth demineralizations. An experimental tin-containing fluoride mouth rinse [125 mg/kg F(-) (amine fluoride), 375 mg/kg F(-) (NaF), 800 mg/kg Sn(2+) (SnCl(2))] and an experimental sodium fluoride mouth rinse (500 mg/kg F(-)) were used (both pH 4.5). A commercially available, tin-containing mouth rinse served as a positive control (pH 4.2, 409 mg/kg Sn(2+), 250 mg/kg F(-)). Tissue loss was determined profilometrically. RESULTS The highest tissue loss was found in the negative control group, in both enamel and dentine. In enamel, the NaF solution showed almost no effect. Both tin-containing solutions significantly reduced tissue loss (positive control: 65%; 800 mg/kg Sn(2+): 78%; both p ≤ 0.001 compared to negative control). In dentine all mouth rinses significantly reduced tissue loss (positive control: 43%; 800 mg/kg Sn(2+): 53%; NaF: 40%; all p ≤ 0.001 compared to negative control). CONCLUSIONS In enamel, the efficacy of mouth rinses depended on the compound used; tin-containing preparations were notably effective. In dentine, however, reduction of substance loss was nearly the same in all treatment groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Schlueter
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Clinic of the Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
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76
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Clinical study investigating abrasive effects of three toothpastes and water in an in situ model. J Dent 2010; 38:509-16. [PMID: 20307624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in situ study compared the abrasive effect of repeated brushings (over 10 days) of a low relative abrasive dentine (RDA) toothpaste with moderate and high relative abrasive dentine (RDA) toothpastes, on human dentine in situ. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study design was single centre, single blind, randomized, split mouth, two period, four-treatment cross-over, in situ study in 20 healthy subjects. Subjects wore bi-lateral lower buccal appliances each fitted with four dentine sections with treatment applied with a power toothbrush, during each 10 day study period. Samples were measured at baseline, day 5 and day 10 by contact profilometry, and baseline and day 10 with non-contact profilometry. RESULTS Nineteen subjects were included in the efficacy analysis. Results as measured by contact and non-contact profilometry from brushing with the moderate RDA paste and high RDA paste showed significantly (p<0.0001) more abrasion to dentine than brushing with the low RDA paste or water after 10 days. Dentine loss following tooth brushing with the low RDA paste was not significantly different from brushing with water, after 10 days. CONCLUSIONS The methodology successfully showed clear differentiation between the amount of dentine lost following toothbrushing with the low RDA paste compared to the moderate or high RDA pastes. Dentine loss following brushing with the low RDA paste showed a comparable degree of abrasion to brushing with water.
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77
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Domiciano SJ, Colucci V, Campos Serra M. Effect of two restorative materials on root dentine erosion. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 93:304-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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78
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Efficacy of tin-containing solutions on erosive mineral loss in enamel and dentine in situ. Clin Oral Investig 2010; 15:361-7. [PMID: 20169458 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-010-0386-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The addition of tin to mouth rinses is, at least in vitro, a promising strategy for symptomatic therapy of dental erosion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in situ efficacy of an experimental tin-containing fluoride solution on erosive tissue loss in human enamel and dentine. The study was a three-cell (7 days each) crossover design involving eight healthy participants. Samples were mounted on buccal shields of mandibular mouth appliances, which were worn for 24 h except during meals and drinks. Specimens were demineralised extraorally with 0.05 M citric acid (pH 2.3) for 6 × 5 min daily and were treated with test solutions intraorally once per day for 30 s after the first demineralisation. Three solutions were used: placebo (negative control), a commercially available tin- and fluoride-containing (SnF(2)) mouth rinse (positive control, 409 ppm Sn(2+), 250 ppm F(-), pH 4.2) and an experimental solution (pH 4.5) containing 1,900 ppm Sn(2+) (SnCl(2)) and 1,000 ppm F(-) (AmF/NaF). Tissue loss (micrometre) was determined profilometrically. In enamel, tissue loss was 54.8 ± 8.6 in the placebo, 24.5 ± 14.4 in the positive control and 9.7 ± 4.1 in the experimental solution group. The respective values for dentine were 48.5 ± 13.0 in the placebo, 32.8 ± 9.6 in the positive control and 26.2 ± 6.7 in the experimental solution group. The experimental solution was notably effective for enamel but was less effective for dentine. The positive control solution was less effective than the experimental solution; its effects for enamel and dentine were similar.
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In vitro efficacy of experimental tin- and fluoride-containing mouth rinses as anti-erosive agents in enamel. J Dent 2009; 37:944-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Lussi
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Willershausen B, Callaway A, Azrak B, Kloß C, Schulz-Dobrick B. Prolonged in vitro exposure to white wines enhances the erosive damage on human permanent teeth compared with red wines. Nutr Res 2009; 29:558-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Revised: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ren YF, Amin A, Malmstrom H. Effects of tooth whitening and orange juice on surface properties of dental enamel. J Dent 2009; 37:424-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Revised: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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83
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Schlueter N, Klimek J, Ganss C. Effect of stannous and fluoride concentration in a mouth rinse on erosive tissue loss in enamel in vitro. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54:432-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 01/31/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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84
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Assessing fluoride treatment and resistance of dental enamel to soft drink erosion in vitro: Applications of focus variation 3D scanning microscopy and stylus profilometry. J Dent 2009; 37:167-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2008.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 09/13/2008] [Accepted: 09/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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