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Angerame D, De Biasi M, Pecci R, Bedini R. Filling ability of three variants of the single-cone technique with bioceramic sealer: a micro-computed tomography study. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:91. [PMID: 33089362 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the quality of single-cone root canal fillings with bioceramic (BC) sealer using three different techniques by means of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The canals of 30 extracted single-rooted permanent teeth were shaped with R40 Reciproc blue files and filled with the single-cone technique (SCT). BioRoot RCS BC sealer was placed inside the canals with one of the following master cones: R40 cone to working length (RWL, n = 10); R40 cone trimmed 1 mm short of working length (RWL-1, n = 10); non-standardized gutta-percha cone to working length (NSWL, n = 10). A quantitative and qualitative micro-CT analysis assessed the filling quality and internal/external voids formation. Collected data underwent statistical analysis by multivariate one-way analysis of variance (α = 0.05). In all groups, the voids were minimal and prevalently external. The NSWL and RWL-1 groups had increased sealer ratios in the whole canal and the apical canal portion, respectively. The lowest amounts of voids were found in the RWL group; the void volumes were slightly greater in the RWL-1 mm and NSWL groups, especially at the apical level. Two alternative SCTs showed satisfactory filling ability, uniform distribution of the BC sealer, and a minimally increased voids formation compared to the standard SCT with dedicated cone. The two tested alternative SCTs could take advantage of the beneficial characteristics of the BC sealer, which evenly filled the endodontic space, ideally sealing both the major and the accessory communications with the periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Angerame
- University Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Matteo De Biasi
- University Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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52
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Bardini G, Casula L, Ambu E, Musu D, Mercadè M, Cotti E. A 12-month follow-up of primary and secondary root canal treatment in teeth obturated with a hydraulic sealer. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:2757-2764. [PMID: 32989597 PMCID: PMC8208934 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03590-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This randomized, controlled, pilot study assessed the outcome of non-surgical primary/secondary root canal treatments either with a novel bioactive sealer and the single-cone technique or with gutta-percha, zinc oxide-eugenol sealer (ZOE), and warm vertical compaction. Materials and methods Sixty-nine patients were randomly divided into two groups that were treated using the single-cone technique with BioRootTM RCS (Septodont) (BIO group) or warm vertical compaction with gutta-percha and ZOE sealer (PCS group). Two subsamples (BIOAP and PCSAP) comprised the cases with apical periodontitis. Treatment was undertaken by four residents using a standardized instrumentation and disinfection protocol. The periapical index (PAI) was recorded, and clinical and radiographic follow-up performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Treatment success was assessed according to “periapical healing” and “tooth survival”. The test for the equality of proportions, t tests for the equality of means, and non-parametric K-sample tests for the equality of medians were applied when appropriate. Results The survival rate was similar in the BIO and PCS (p = 0.4074) and the BIOAP and PCSAP groups (p = 0.9114). The success rate was higher in the BIO groups, but not statistically significant (p = 0.0735). In both BIOAP and PCSAP groups, a progressive decrease in the PAI was observed. Conclusion At 12 months, both techniques showed reliable results. Further studies and longer follow-ups are needed. Clinical relevance This study documents the feasibility of using a bioactive sealer in conjunction with the single-cone technique to obturate the root canal and obtaining a predictable outcome. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifie: NCT04249206
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bardini
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Laura Casula
- Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Emanuele Ambu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Davide Musu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Montse Mercadè
- Department of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabetta Cotti
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Aksel H, Makowka S, Bosaid F, Guardian MG, Sarkar D, Azim AA. Effect of heat application on the physical properties and chemical structure of calcium silicate-based sealers. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:2717-2725. [PMID: 32975704 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03586-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of heat application on the setting and chemical properties of HiFlow BC Sealer and compare to other calcium silicate (CSBS) and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers. MATERIALS AND METHODS AH Plus, BioRoot RCS (BioRoot), Endosequence BC (Endosequence), and HiFlow BC (HiFlow) sealers were placed at 37 °C or subjected to heat at 200 °C for 10 or 30 s, followed by incubation at 37 °C in a humidified incubator during experiments. Setting time, viscosity, and flow were assessed, and changes in chemical structure were evaluated using the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Thermogravimetric analysis was also used to evaluate the weight change (%) of the sealers upon heating from room temperature to 37 °C or 200 °C at a rate of 20 °C/min. Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with a Bonferroni post-hoc test (p = 0.05). RESULTS Application of heat extended the setting time for Endosequence and HiFlow but resulted in a faster setting of AH Plus and BioRoot. The highest flow and lower viscosity were observed in HiFlow at high temperature (p < 0.05), whereas the lowest flow with the highest viscosity and greatest weight loss were observed in BioRoot after heat application (p < 0.05). FTIR spectra demonstrated no changes to functional groups after heat application, except for the strong H-O-H absorption peak corresponding to water in BioRoot. CONCLUSIONS Endosequence and HiFlow showed similar chemical properties with a higher flow and lower viscosity in HiFlow after heat application. Heat application resulted in reduced flow, increased viscosity, and weight loss for BioRoot. The setting of AH Plus was fastened with heat, while its weight loss, viscosity, and flow characteristics were stable. CLINICAL RELEVANCE HiFlow, Endosequence, and AH Plus can be all used with WVC obturation techniques. Heat application resulted in minor changes in their physical properties including setting time, flow, weight loss, and chemical properties, while BioRoot showed a significant amount of weight loss, increase in viscosity, and reduced flowability after heat application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Aksel
- Division of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Steven Makowka
- Dental Materials Research Laboratory, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Fatima Bosaid
- Division of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Debanjan Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Adham A Azim
- Division of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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54
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Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Novel, Premixed Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer Compared to Powder-Liquid Bioceramic Sealer. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9103096. [PMID: 32992852 PMCID: PMC7600315 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the physicochemical properties, filling ability, and antibacterial activity of a premixed calcium silicate-based sealer to those of a powder–liquid bioceramic sealer. Ceraseal (CS) and BioRoot (BR) materials were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy at 7 and 14 d of immersion in distilled water. The filling ability of the two sealers as well as the water contact angle, solubility, flow, roughness, crystalline microstructure, pH, and compressive strength were also evaluated. The antibacterial activity was assessed through an agar diffusion as well as through direct tests. All the results were statistically analyzed using one-way or two-way analysis of variance tests. Statistically significant lower void percentages were observed for CS at 2 and 8 mm from the working length (WL) compared to those for the BR group, whilst no significant difference was observed at 5 mm from the WL. BR sealer showed higher alkaline pH, rougher surface, lower water contact angle values, lower flowability, and higher solubility compared to CS. BR showed globular and needle-like crystalline microstructure, whilst CS had globular and flower-like crystalline microstructure up to 72 h. No statistical difference was found for the compressive strength between the two sealers. BR and CS showed no antibacterial effect against Enterococcus faecalis after 3 h, whilst both sealers showed antibacterial capacity after 24 and 72 h. BR demonstrated higher antibacterial activity after 24 h. In conclusion, the use of bioceramic sealers may play an important role in controlling bacterial growth. Moreover, CS may have superior filling ability and lower solubility than the BioRoot sealer due to its specific chemical composition and mixing method.
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55
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Hadis M, Camilleri J. Characterization of heat resistant hydraulic sealer for warm vertical obturation. Dent Mater 2020; 36:1183-1189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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56
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Lim M, Jung C, Shin DH, Cho YB, Song M. Calcium silicate-based root canal sealers: a literature review. Restor Dent Endod 2020; 45:e35. [PMID: 32839716 PMCID: PMC7431927 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2020.45.e35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxy resin-based sealers are currently widely used, and several studies have considered AH Plus to be the gold-standard sealer. However, it still has limitations, including possible mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, inflammatory response, and hydrophobicity. Drawing upon the advantages of mineral trioxide aggregate, calcium silicate-based sealers were introduced with high levels of biocompatibility and hydrophilicity. Because of the hydrophilic environment in root canals, water resorption and solubility of root canal sealers are important factors contributing to their stability. Sealers displaying lower microleakage and stronger push-out bond strength are also needed to endure the dynamic tooth environment. Although the physical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers meet International Organization for Standardization recommendations, and they have consistently reported to be biocompatible, they have not overcome conventional resin-based sealers in actual practice. Therefore, further studies aiming to improve the physical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyoung Lim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Chanyong Jung
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Shin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yong-bum Cho
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Minju Song
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
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57
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de Freitas JV, Ebert J, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Tomazinho FSF, Sousa-Neto MDD, Lohbauer U, Baratto-Filho F. Temperature changes affect the rheological properties of a silicone-based and an epoxy resin-based root canal sealers. AUST ENDOD J 2020; 46:394-399. [PMID: 32725846 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate temperature changes on the rheological properties (setting time and complex viscosity (η*)) of GuttaFlow Bioseal (GFB) and AH Plus Jet (AHPJ). Rheological measurements were performed in oscillating mode at the strain amplitude and angular frequency of 0.01% and 10 rad s-1 , respectively. Each sealer (n = 5) was tested running a temperature ramp (rapid increase to 80°C, 1 min constantly at 80°C, and slower decrease to 37°C). Control groups (n = 5) were tested at a constant temperature of 37°C. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and one-way ANOVA (P < 0.05) statistical tests were performed. The temperature ramp reduced setting time of GFB (24.85 to 4.45 min) (P < 0.05), but did not alter that of AHPJ (P > 0.05). GFB exhibited an increased η*, whereas the AHPJ η* was decreased when heated (P < 0.05). Rheological properties of sealers were negatively affected by temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johannes Ebert
- Dental Clinic 1 - Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen- Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ulrich Lohbauer
- Dental Clinic 1 - Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen- Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Flares Baratto-Filho
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade da Região de Joinville - Univille, Joinville, Brazil
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58
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Rodríguez‐Lozano FJ, López‐García S, García‐Bernal D, Tomás‐Catalá CJ, Santos JM, Llena C, Lozano A, Murcia L, Forner L. Chemical composition and bioactivity potential of the new Endosequence BC Sealer formulation HiFlow. Int Endod J 2020; 53:1216-1228. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. J. Rodríguez‐Lozano
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia‐Arrixaca Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit IMIB‐Arrixaca University of Murcia MurciaSpain
- Gerodontology and Special Care in Dentistry Unit. School of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - S. López‐García
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia‐Arrixaca Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit IMIB‐Arrixaca University of Murcia MurciaSpain
| | - D. García‐Bernal
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia‐Arrixaca Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit IMIB‐Arrixaca University of Murcia MurciaSpain
| | - C. J. Tomás‐Catalá
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia‐Arrixaca Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit IMIB‐Arrixaca University of Murcia MurciaSpain
- Gerodontology and Special Care in Dentistry Unit. School of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - J. M. Santos
- Institute of Endodontics Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - C. Llena
- Department of Stomatology University de Valencia ValenciaSpain
| | - A. Lozano
- Department of Stomatology University de Valencia ValenciaSpain
| | - L. Murcia
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - L. Forner
- Department of Stomatology University de Valencia ValenciaSpain
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59
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Aktemur Türker S, Uzunoğlu Özyürek E, Tek V. The effect of different obturation methods on sealer penetration alongside apically separated rotary nickel–titanium instruments: A confocal laser scanning microscopy study. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:720-726. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sevinç Aktemur Türker
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of DentistryZonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Zonguldak Turkey
| | | | - Vildan Tek
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of DentistryZonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Zonguldak Turkey
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60
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Atmeh AR, Hadis M, Camilleri J. Real‐time chemical analysis of root filling materials with heating: guidelines for safe temperature levels. Int Endod J 2020; 53:698-708. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Atmeh
- Department of Restorative Dental Science College of Dentistry Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Hadis
- School of Dentistry Institute of Clinical Sciences College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
| | - J. Camilleri
- School of Dentistry Institute of Clinical Sciences College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
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61
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Alim BA, Garip Berker Y. Evaluation of different root canal filling techniques in severely curved canals by micro-computed tomography. Saudi Dent J 2020; 32:200-205. [PMID: 32405223 PMCID: PMC7211901 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To fill the severely curved root canals with different filling techniques and to compare these techniques using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty extracted mandibular first molars (degree of root canal curvature >25°) were selected. All samples were divided into four groups and filled with one of the following techniques: lateral condensation, single-cone, continuous-wave obturation, and core carrier. After they were scanned by micro-CT, the total area, filled area and void area of the root canal were calculated. The Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis (p < 0.05). RESULTS It was shown that significantly more filling material was used in the lateral condensation and core carrier technique groups at 2 and 5 mm than in the single-cone and continuous-wave obturation technique groups (p < 0.05). It was observed no statistically significant difference at 8 mm (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION No technique could completely fill in root canal. Regarding the coronal part, all techniques can be used for more effective filling as long as a good condensation is achieved. The use of a plugger with an optimal size according to the localisation of root canal curvature and the choice of a heat-resistant root canal sealer affects the success of the treatment in the thermoplastic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Aycan Alim
- Department of Endodontics, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Faculty of Dentistry, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yıldız Garip Berker
- Department of Endodontics, Istanbul Kent University, Faculty of Dentistry, Taksim, Istanbul, Turkey
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62
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Cytotoxicity and the Effect of Temperature on Physical Properties and Chemical Composition of a New Calcium Silicate–based Root Canal Sealer. J Endod 2020; 46:531-538. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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63
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Donnermeyer D, Urban K, Bürklein S, Schäfer E. Physico-chemical investigation of endodontic sealers exposed to simulated intracanal heat application: epoxy resins and zinc oxide-eugenols. Int Endod J 2020; 53:690-697. [PMID: 31955439 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To gain information in a laboratory setting about the effect of thermal treatment of epoxy resin-based and zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealers. METHODOLOGY AH Plus and Pulp Canal Sealer (PCS) were exposed to thermal treatment at 37, 47, 57, 67, 77, 87 and 97 °C for 30 s. According to clinically relevant considerations, intracanal sealer temperature is likely not to exceed 60 °C during warm vertical root canal filling. Heat application is recommended for less than 30 s during continuous wave technique, but might exceed this threshold in complex cases. Furthermore, heat treatment at 97 °C was performed for 60 and 180 s to simulate inappropriate implementation of warm vertical filling techniques. Specimens were heated inside 2-mL plastic tubes in a thermo-controlled water bath until the temperatures were reached and kept at this temperature for the determined period of time. Afterwards, specimens were cooled to body temperature and physical properties (setting time, flow, film thickness according to ISO 6876) were assessed. Chemical properties (Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy) were assessed after complete setting of the specimens in an incubator at 37 °C and 100% humidity. Statistical analysis of physical properties was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test (P = 0.05). RESULTS The setting time of AH Plus and PCS decreased when temperature and duration of heat application increased. Whilst the setting time of AH Plus decreased from 622 min at 20 °C (for 30 s) to 381 min at 97 °C (for 180 s; P < 0.05), heat treatment of PCS at 97 °C for 180 s led to an immediate setting of the material. From 20 °C (for 30 s) to 97 °C (for 30 s), the setting time of PCS decreased from 80.1 to 41.0 h (P < 0.05). Film thickness and flow were not relevantly influenced by thermal treatment except for PCS at 97 °C for 180 s. FT-IR spectroscopy did not reveal any chemical changes of either sealer after thermal treatment. CONCLUSIONS Thermal treatment simulating clinically relevant temperature levels and heating times did not lead to any substantial physical or chemical changes at all temperature levels when heating did not exceed 60 s. AH Plus and Pulp Canal Sealer can be considered suitable for warm root filling techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Donnermeyer
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany
| | - K Urban
- Private Office, Kieferchirurgie Gera, Gera, Germany
| | - S Bürklein
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, Münster, Germany
| | - E Schäfer
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, Münster, Germany
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64
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Tanomaru-Filho M, Cristine Prado M, Torres FFE, Viapiana R, Pivoto-João MMB, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM. Physicochemical Properties and Bioactive Potential of a New Epoxy Resin-based Root Canal Sealer. Braz Dent J 2019; 30:563-568. [PMID: 31800750 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201802861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate physicochemical properties and bioactive potential of Sealer Plus, in comparison with MTA Fillapex, Sealapex and AH Plus. Setting time, flow, and radiopacity were evaluated based on ISO 6876 Standard. Flow was also assessed in area (mm²). The solubility and volumetric change of the sealers were evaluated after 7 and 30 days of immersion in distilled water. Solubility was evaluated by the difference in mass of materials before and after immersion. Volumetric change was evaluated by using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). The bioactive potential was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) after immersion in PBS. Data were compared using ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05). Sealer Plus presented the shortest setting time (196 min.) and Sealapex the longest (912 min.) (p<0.05). AH Plus showed the highest radiopacity (9.5 mm Al) and MTA Fillapex the lowest (2.7 mm Al) (p<0.05). All the sealers presented flow in accordance with ISO 6876/2012 (>17 mm). Sealer Plus showed low solubility and volumetric change (<1%), and MTA Fillapex showed the highest solubility (>25%), and volumetric change (>4%) after all time intervals (p<0.05). MTA Fillapex was the only sealer that showed bioactive potential. In conclusion, Sealer Plus presented proper physicochemical properties. However, this sealer did not present a bioactive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Maiby Cristine Prado
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Raqueli Viapiana
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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65
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Fonseca B, Coelho MS, Bueno CEDS, Fontana CE, Martin ASD, Rocha DGP. Assessment of Extrusion and Postoperative Pain of a Bioceramic and Resin-Based Root Canal Sealer. Eur J Dent 2019; 13:343-348. [PMID: 31794999 PMCID: PMC6890479 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3399457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
The objective of this study was to compare a bioceramic and a resin-based endodontic sealer with regard to extrusion and postoperative pain.
Materials and Methods
Sixty-four patients requiring endodontic treatment of single-rooted maxillary teeth with necrotic pulps were included in this study. The root canal treatments were performed in a single visit using a size 40.06 single-file reciprocating system under 2.5% NaOCl irrigation. After irrigation with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 2.5% NaOCl, the canals were dried and randomly divided into two different groups (
n
= 32) depending on the sealer used: resin-based group (RG) in which the canals were filled with the AH Plus, and the bioceramic group (BG) in which the canals were filled with the Sealer Plus BC. Ibuprofen (600 mg) was prescribed every 6 hours if the volunteers experienced pain. The patients registered their pain sensation in a visual analog scale (VAS) card, ranging from 0 to 10 at 24-hour, 48-hour, 72-hour, and 1-week intervals.
Statistical analysis
For statistical analysis, the level of significance was set at
p
< 0.05.
Results
Sealer extrusion occurred in nine patients of the RG and in 19 patients of the BG (
p
< 0.05). The average pain level at 24-hour and 48-hour intervals was, respectively, 1.46 ± 1.96 and 0.44 ± 0.86 for RG, and 1.21 ± 2.09 and 0.09 ± 0.38 for BG. There was no report of pain after 48 hours. The mean number of tablets taken for pain relief was 0.03 ± 0.17 for RG and 0.06 ± 0.24 for BG. No statistically significant difference was found with regard to pain level and intake of pain killer tablets (
p
> 0.05).
Conclusions
The BG sealer presented significantly more extrusion than the RG sealer. Sealer extrusion was not associated with pain. The average pain level and the mean number of tablets taken for pain relief were similar in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braúlio Fonseca
- Faculdade de Odontologia São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Antunes PVS, Flamini LES, Chaves JFM, Silva RG, Cruz Filho AMD. Comparative effects of final canal irrigation with chitosan and EDTA. J Appl Oral Sci 2019; 28:e20190005. [PMID: 31800870 PMCID: PMC6886396 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural, biocompatible chelating substance with potential for dental use. This study compared the effects of final canal irrigation with chitosan and EDTA on dentin microhardness, sealer dentin tubules penetration capacity, and push-out strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polliana Vilaça Silva Antunes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Luis Eduardo Souza Flamini
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Jardel Francisco Mazzi Chaves
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Gariba Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Antonio Miranda da Cruz Filho
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
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Al-Hiyasat AS, Alfirjani SA. The effect of obturation techniques on the push-out bond strength of a premixed bioceramic root canal sealer. J Dent 2019; 89:103169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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The single cone obturation technique with a modified warm filler. J Dent 2019; 89:103181. [PMID: 31430509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.103181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop a new method of obturation by warm sealer in conjunction to single cone gutta-percha and evaluate the suitability of this technique to obturate complex root canal systems. METHODOLOGY Three root canal sealers namely, AH Plus, BioRoot RCS, GuttaFlow and a prototype sealer composed of tricalcium silicate and 30% zirconium oxide mixed with water and water-soluble polymer were investigated. The sealers were tested for flow, film thickness, setting time and radiopacity following ISO 6876 (2012) recommendations at room temperature and following heat application at 100°C to change the sealer properties. All the test sealers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The volume of voids when used with a single cone obturation technique both unmodified and modified by heat was evaluated using microcomputed tomography. RESULTS Although the prototype sealer was designed to be similar to the BioRoot, its physical properties were found to be different. All sealers tested were affected by the heat and exhibited a change in the physical properties mainly the setting time, flow, film thickness and void volume. CONCLUSIONS The application of heat affected the sealer properties and void volume. The single cone obturation technique may not be suitable for complex canal anatomy and furthermore, AH Plus should not be subjected to high temperatures as its properties deteriorate and void volume increases.
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Drukteinis S, Peciuliene V, Shemesh H, Tusas P, Bendinskaite R. Porosity Distribution in Apically Perforated Curved Root Canals Filled with Two Different Calcium Silicate Based Materials and Techniques: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E1729. [PMID: 31141936 PMCID: PMC6600724 DOI: 10.3390/ma12111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the porosity distribution of BioRoot RCS/single gutta-percha point (BR/SC) and MTA flow (MF) fillings, which were used as plugs for the apical perforation repair in curved canals of extracted mandibular molars using micro-computed tomography (μCT). Forty mesial root canals of mandibular first molars were shaped with ProTaper NEXT X1-X5 files 2 mm beyond the apex to simulate apical perforations that were randomly divided into two groups (n = 20) according to the material and technique used for the apical plug: BR/SC or MF. The specimens were scanned before and after canal filling at an isotropic resolution of 9.9 μm. The volumetric analysis of voids in the apical 5 mm of the fillings was performed. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction (p < 0.05). Micro-computed tomography (µCT) evaluation revealed significant differences between the groups in terms of porosity: the total volume and percentage volume of voids was lower in the BR/SC group in comparison with the MF group (p < 0.05), with the predominance of open pores in both groups. Neither of the materials and/or application techniques were able to produce void-free root fillings in the apical region of artificially perforated curved roots of mandibular molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulius Drukteinis
- Institute of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University; Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Vytaute Peciuliene
- Institute of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University; Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Hagay Shemesh
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Paulius Tusas
- Institute of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University; Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ruta Bendinskaite
- Institute of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University; Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Guivarc'h M, Jeanneau C, Giraud T, Pommel L, About I, Azim AA, Bukiet F. An international survey on the use of calcium silicate-based sealers in non-surgical endodontic treatment. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:417-424. [PMID: 31104112 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02920-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To gain insight on the current clinical usage of bioceramic root canal sealers (BRCS) by general dental practitioners (GDPs) and endodontic practitioners (EPs) and to determine if BRCS clinical application is in accordance with the best available evidence. MATERIAL AND METHODS An online questionnaire of 18 questions addressing BRCS was proposed to 2335 dentists via a web-based educational forum. Participants were asked about socio-demographic data, clinical practice with BRCS, and their motivation for using BRCS. Statistical analysis (chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test) was applied, as appropriate, to assess the association between the variable categories (p value < 0.05). RESULTS The response rate was 28.91%. Among respondents, 94.8% knew BRCS (EPs more than GDPs, p < 0.05) and 51.70% were using BRCS. The primary reason for using BRCS was their belief of its improved properties (87.7%). Among BRCS users, single-cone technique (SCT) was the most employed obturation method (63.3%) which was more applied by GDPs (p < 0.05); EPs utilized more of the thermoplasticized obturation techniques (p < 0.05). A proportion of 38.4% of BRCS users indicated the usage of SCT with BRCS regardless of the root canal anatomy (GDPs more than EPs p < 0.05) and 55.6% considered that BRCS may influence their ability to re-establish apical patency during retreatment (GDPs more than EPs p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights wide variation in the clinical use of BRCS which is not in accordance with the current literature. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This inconsistency among EPs and GDPs on BRCS clinical application requires further clarifications to better standardize their use and improve their future evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guivarc'h
- Aix Marseille Univ, EFS/CNRS, ADES, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpital Timone, Service d'Odontologie, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - C Jeanneau
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France
| | - T Giraud
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpital Timone, Service d'Odontologie, Marseille, France
| | - L Pommel
- Faculté d'odontologie de Marseille, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, 27 Bd Jean-Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - I About
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France
| | - A A Azim
- Department of Periodontics & Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Frédéric Bukiet
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpital Timone, Service d'Odontologie, Marseille, France.
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Uzunoglu Ozyurek E, Aktemur Turker S. Evaluation of fracture resistance of roots-filled with various root canal sealers at different time periods. Eur Oral Res 2019; 53:6-11. [PMID: 31309186 PMCID: PMC6612757 DOI: 10.26650/eor.201989121662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The reinforcement effect of 3 various root canal sealers (AH 26, MTA Plus sealer and BioRoot RCS) and gutta-percha at different time periods (1 week and 1 month) were evaluated in the present study. Materials and methods: Single-rooted, single-canalled, cracks-free 80 mandibular premolars were decoronated to a length of 13mm. Group PC (positive control, n=10): samples were left unprepared and unfilled. Seventy samples were prepared by using the ProTaper Rotary System up to F4. Group NC (negative control, n=10): samples were left unfilled. Remaining 60 samples were assigned into 3 groups; Group 1: AH 26 + F4 gutta-percha (GP); Group 2: MTA Plus sealer + F4 GP and Group 3: BioRoot RCS + F4 GP. Filled samples were divided into subgroups according to storage time: Samples in Groups 1A, 2A, and 3A were stored for 1 week; while Groups 1B, 2B and 3B were stored for 1 month at 100% humidity to allow the complete setting of the sealers (n=10, for each). A universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min was used for fracture testing. For each specimen, the force at the time of fracture was recorded and the data were analyzed statistically. Results: The highest fracture resistance values were obtained in Group PC, while the lowest values were obtained in Group NC. Groups PC and NC were statistically different from each other and from other groups, regardless of time (p<0.05). Fracture resistance values of Group AH 26/GP were statistically different from MTA Plus sealer/GP (p<0.05) and were statistically similar with BioRoot RCS/GP , irrespective of time. Within group comparisons revealed that there were no statistically differences between samples filled with same sealer at different time periods. Conclusion: Root canal preparation caused decreased fracture resistance. All sealers increased the force values needed to fracture the filled samples compared to unfilled ones. Time factor had no effect on the fracture resistance values.
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72
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Real-time Intracanal Temperature Measurement During Different Obturation Techniques. J Endod 2018; 44:1832-1836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Dentinal tubule penetration of AH Plus, BC Sealer and a novel tricalcium silicate sealer: a confocal laser scanning microscopy study. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:1871-1876. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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74
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Push-Out Bond Strength and SEM Evaluation in Roots Filled with Two Different Techniques Using New and Conventional Sealers. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11091620. [PMID: 30189631 PMCID: PMC6163187 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of calcium-silicate-based sealer (Endosequence-BC-Sealer) in roots, filled with thermo-plasticized injectable technique aided by Calamus-Flow-Delivery-System, on bond strength to radicular dentin, in comparison with conventional epoxy-resin-based sealer (AH-Plus) along with cold-lateral-compaction technique. Root canals of mandibular-premolar teeth (n = 80) were instrumented using Protaper Universal rotary files and were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 20) as follows: (1) AH-Plus + cold-lateral-compaction technique; (2) Endosequence-BC-Sealer + cold-lateral-compaction technique; (3) AH-Plus + thermo-plasticized injectable technique; and (4) Endosequence-BC-Sealer + thermo-plasticized injectable technique. Horizontal disc shaped samples from each group (n = 60/group) were obtained and push-out bond strength testing was performed at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed statistically using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis analysis and Mann-Whitney test (p < 0.001). The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference amongst the groups (p < 0.001). The highest bond strength values were found in group 1 compared with all the other experimental groups (p < 0.001), whereas the lowest bond strength values were found in group 4 (p < 0.001). It was concluded that thermo-plasticized injectable technique with Calamus-Flow-Delivery-System lowered the bond strengths of the sealers, especially Endosequence-BC-Sealer. Therefore, this technique is not recommended to calcium-silicate-based sealers. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings of this study.
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75
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Vouzara T, Dimosiari G, Koulaouzidou EA, Economides N. Cytotoxicity of a New Calcium Silicate Endodontic Sealer. J Endod 2018; 44:849-852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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76
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Topçuoğlu HS, Ulusan Ö, Topçuoğlu G, Biricik E. Apically extruded debris during the removal of canal filling material from root canals using three techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 9:e12337. [PMID: 29603889 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM In the present study, we evaluated the effect of the single-cone technique (SCT), cold lateral compaction (CLC), and wave vertical compaction (WVC) technique performed using two different sealers on the amount of apically extruded debris (AED) produced during the removal of canal filling material. METHODS Ninety extracted mandibular premolars were prepared with ProTaper instruments. The teeth were then randomly assigned to six groups (N = 15) for root canal filling: (a) group 1, CLC+AH Plus; (b) group 2, SCT+AH Plus; (c) group 3, WVC+AH Plus; (d) group 4, CLC+MTA Fillapex; (e) group 5, SCT+MTA Fillapex; and (f) group 6, WVC+MTA Fillapex. In all groups, the removal of canal filling material was performed with ProTaper retreatment instruments. The mean weight of the AED was assessed with an analytical balance. RESULTS The amount of AED was lowest in groups 2 and 5 (P < .05), with no difference between these groups (P > .05). Groups 3 and 6 produced the greatest amount of extruded debris (P < .05); there was no difference between these groups (P > .05). Additionally, there was no difference between groups 1 and 4 (P > .05). There was no significant difference among the groups regarding sealer type (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS The canal filling technique used affected the amount of AED produced during the removal of canal filling material, but not sealer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin S Topçuoğlu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Özge Ulusan
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Eda Biricik
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Tedesco M, Chain MC, Bortoluzzi EA, da Fonseca Roberti Garcia L, Alves AMH, Teixeira CS. Comparison of two observational methods, scanning electron and confocal laser scanning microscopies, in the adhesive interface analysis of endodontic sealers to root dentine. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 22:2353-2361. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2336-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Arikatla SK, Chalasani U, Mandava J, Yelisela RK. Interfacial adaptation and penetration depth of bioceramic endodontic sealers. J Conserv Dent 2018; 21:373-377. [PMID: 30122816 PMCID: PMC6080176 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_64_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sealers play an important role in the success of root canal treatment. The efficacy of root canal sealer is enhanced by its tubular penetration and adaptation properties. Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the interfacial adaptation and penetration depth of Bioroot RCS and MTA Plus sealers to root dentin. Materials and Methods A total of 60 single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were prepared using Pro Taper rotary Ni-Ti files and were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20 each) according to the type of sealer used for obturation. After obturation with lateral condensation, half of the samples in each group (n = 10 each) were sectioned transversely for measuring tubular depth penetration under confocal laser scanning microscopy. Longitudinal sections were obtained for remaining half samples to evaluate the adaptation of sealer using scanning electron microscope. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Statistical Analysis Used Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Results AH Plus sealer has shown significantly higher depth of penetration and minimum gaps than bioceramic sealers (P < 0.05) MTA Plus sealer exhibited significantly more interfacial gaps and less penetration depth than Bioroot RCS (P < 0.05). Conclusions At all root regions, AH plus sealer exhibited minimum gaps and more tubular penetration whereas MTA Plus sealer exhibited more gaps and less penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampath Kumar Arikatla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Uma Chalasani
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jyothi Mandava
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Yelisela
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Nascimento J, Scelza MZ, Alves GG, Linhares A, Canabarro A, Granjeiro JM, De-Deus G. Cytocompatibility of a self-adhesive gutta-percha root-filling material. J Conserv Dent 2017; 20:152-156. [PMID: 29279616 PMCID: PMC5706313 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.218303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: A novel root-filling material based on the incorporation of ultrafine alkaline bioactive glass particles (bioactive gutta-percha, [BGP]) was developed to work without sealer. Aim: In the present study, the objective was to verify the in vitro biological response to this material by assessing its cytocompatibility. Materials and Methods: Prototypes of BGP were compared to conventional gutta-percha (GP), dense polystyrene beads as a negative control and fragments of latex as a positive control. Extracts of each material were prepared according to ISO 10993-5:2009, and human osteoblast-like cells in primary culture were exposed to all extracts for 24 h. Cell viability was assayed sequentially for three different parameters: mitochondrial activity, membrane integrity, and cell density. Statistical Analysis Used: Nonparametric analysis (using Kruskal–Wallis test combined with post hoc Dunn's test) was performed for comparison among groups, with significance established at 5%. Results: BGP reduced mitochondrial activity to 62% of control, but presented no toxicity on membrane integrity and proliferation assays. BGP effect on metabolism was dose-dependent and reduced to acceptable levels with dilution. Conclusion: The novel GP material presented slight dose-dependent effects on cell metabolism but did not affect cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Nascimento
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Miriam Zaccaro Scelza
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Gutemberg Gomes Alves
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Adriana Linhares
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Antonio Canabarro
- Department of Periodontology, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose Mauro Granjeiro
- Bioengineering Division, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
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Abstract
In vitro material testing is undertaken by conducting a series of tests following procedures outlined in international standards. All material properties are measured in water; however biological behavior is undertaken in alternative media such as Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM) or simulated body fluid. The aim of this study was to characterize four dental root canal sealers and study their properties in different media. Four dental root canal sealers were assessed. They were characterized by a combination of techniques and the sealer properties were tested as specified by ISO 6876 (2012) and also in alternative media. The sealer biocompatibility was measured by cell function and proliferation assays of elutions. All sealers complied with ISO specifications. The material properties were effected by the type of soaking medium used and the surface micromorphology and elemental composition were dependent on the soaking solution type. Both BioRoot and MTA Fillapex showed cytotoxicity which reduced at higher dilutions. The material chemistry, presentation, environmental conditions and testing methodology used affected the sealer properties. Standards specific to sealer type are thus indicated. Furthermore the methodology used in the standard testing should be more relevant to clinical situations.
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81
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The Effect of Heating Time and Temperature on Epoxy Resin and Calcium Silicate–based Endodontic Sealers. J Endod 2017; 43:2112-2118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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82
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Comparison of the Percentage of Voids in the Canal Filling of a Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer and Gutta Percha Cones Using Two Obturation Techniques. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10101170. [PMID: 29023402 PMCID: PMC5666976 DOI: 10.3390/ma10101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the root-filling quality of a calcium silicate-based sealer and gutta percha (GP) cones by measuring the percentage of voids. Twenty artificial molar teeth were divided into two groups: one obturated using the single-cone (SC) technique, and the other using the continuous wave (CW) technique. Obturation was performed with GP cones and Endoseal MTA (mineral trioxide aggregate, Maruchi, Wonju, Korea). Obturated teeth were scanned using microcomputed tomography, and the percentage of void volume was calculated in the apical and coronal areas. A linear mixed model was used to determine the differences between the two techniques (p < 0.05). The percentage of voids between the filling materials and root canal walls was not significantly different between the two obturation methods (p > 0.05), except for the CW group, which demonstrated a significantly higher void volume in the coronal area of the distal canal (p < 0.05). The percentage of voids inside the filling material was significantly higher in the CW groups for all of the comparisons (p < 0.05), except in the apical area of the distal canal (p > 0.05). The voids between the filling material and canal wall in the apical area were not significantly different between the two techniques.
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83
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Al-Haddad AY. Letter to the Editor: Warm Vertical Compaction and Its Influence on the Properties of Root Canal Sealers. J Endod 2017; 43:1229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Reply. J Endod 2017; 43:1229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Fracture resistance of roots with simulated internal resorption defects and obturated using different hybrid techniques. J Dent Sci 2017; 12:121-125. [PMID: 30895036 PMCID: PMC6395361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Teeth with internal resorption are susceptible to fracture because of the remaining thin dentinal walls. The aim of this study was to investigate the fracture resistance of roots with simulated internal resorption cavities and obturated with different hybrid techniques. Materials and methods Seventy single root canals were instrumented. On the coronal half of the roots, standardized internal cavities with a length of 8 mm were created. The apical 6 mm of the 60 root canals were filled with AH Plus sealer and gutta-percha cones. Then, 80 roots were divided into four experimental groups and two control groups according to the internal cavity obturation: Group 1, AHPlus sealer + high-temperature thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha; Group 2, DiaRoot Bioaggregate; Group 3, Biodentine; Group 4, MTA Fillapex; Group 5, instrumented, but not obturated roots; Group 6, intact roots. A compressive vertical loading at a speed of 1 mm/min was applied to the roots. The forces when the fracture occurred were statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test. Results Biodentine group showed statistically higher resistance to fracture than the other experimental groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Filling the internal resorption cavities with thin dentinal walls using Biodentine may provide strength to the tooth structure more than the other calcium silicate-based materials.
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87
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Cytotoxicity of GuttaFlow Bioseal, GuttaFlow2, MTA Fillapex, and AH Plus on Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. J Endod 2017; 43:816-822. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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88
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A Comparative Chemical Study of Calcium Silicate-Containing and Epoxy Resin-Based Root Canal Sealers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:9808432. [PMID: 28097154 PMCID: PMC5206425 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9808432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The present study assessed the chemical elements in two novel calcium silicate-containing root canal sealers, BioRoot RCS and Well-Root ST, compared to a calcium silicate-containing root canal sealer that has been on the market for several years, MTA Fillapex, and epoxy resin-based sealer AHPlus. Material and Methods. The sealers were mixed and manipulated according to the manufacturers' instructions. Twelve cylindrical molds (inner diameter 4 mm; height 3 mm) were placed on a glass petri dish and packed with the materials. The dish was transferred to an incubator. After 72 h the molds were examined by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Results. BioRoot RCS and Well-Root ST had high peaks of calcium, zirconium, oxygen, carbon, silicon, and chlorine. Well-Root ST also had sodium, magnesium, aluminum, and titanium peaks. MTA Fillapex and AHPlus had carbon, oxygen, calcium, titanium, and bismuth peaks. A silicon peak was also observed for MTA Fillapex, and zirconium and tungsten peaks for AHPlus. Conclusion. BioRoot RSC had the highest degree of purity. The clinical implication of metals contained in the other sealers needs to be investigated.
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89
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Prüllage RK, Urban K, Schäfer E, Dammaschke T. Material Properties of a Tricalcium Silicate–containing, a Mineral Trioxide Aggregate–containing, and an Epoxy Resin–based Root Canal Sealer. J Endod 2016; 42:1784-1788. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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90
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Qu W, Bai W, Liang YH, Gao XJ. Influence of Warm Vertical Compaction Technique on Physical Properties of Root Canal Sealers. J Endod 2016; 42:1829-1833. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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91
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Khalil I, Naaman A, Camilleri J. Properties of Tricalcium Silicate Sealers. J Endod 2016; 42:1529-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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92
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McMichael GE, Primus CM, Opperman LA. Dentinal Tubule Penetration of Tricalcium Silicate Sealers. J Endod 2016; 42:632-6. [PMID: 26898564 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The treatments for which mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-based materials can be used in dentistry are expanding. Smaller particle size and easier handling properties have allowed the advent of tricalcium silicate sealers including EndoSequence BC Sealer (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA), QuickSet2 (Avalon Biomed, Bradenton, FL), NeoMTA Plus (Avalon Biomed), and MTA Fillapex (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil). The objective of this study was to measure the tubule penetration with these sealers using continuous wave (CW) and single-cone (SC) obturation techniques. METHODS Eighty single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into 8 groups of 10 and obturated with 1 of the previously mentioned sealers mixed with trace amounts of rhodamine using either the CW or SC technique. Teeth were sectioned at 1 mm and 5 mm from the apex and examined under a confocal laser microscope. The percentage of sealer penetration and the maximum sealer penetration were measured. RESULTS The tricalcium silicate sealers penetrated tubules as deep as 2000 μm (2 mm). The percentage of sealer penetration was much higher 5 mm from the apex, with many specimens having 100% penetration for both SC and warm vertical techniques. MTA Fillapex, a resin-based sealer with less than 20% MTA particles, had significantly greater tubule penetration with a warm vertical technique versus the SC technique at the 1-mm level. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, the CW and SC techniques produced similar tubule penetration at both the 1-mm and the 5-mm level with the tricalcium silicate sealers BC Sealer, QuickSet2, and NeoMTA Plus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greer E McMichael
- Department of Endodontics, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Carolyn M Primus
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Bradenton, Florida
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas.
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93
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Asawaworarit W, Yachor P, Kijsamanmith K, Vongsavan N. Comparison of the Apical Sealing Ability of Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer and Resin-Based Sealer Using the Fluid-Filtration Technique. Med Princ Pract 2016; 25:561-565. [PMID: 27599002 PMCID: PMC5588513 DOI: 10.1159/000450577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate the apical sealing ability of tricalcium silicate-based (MTA Fillapex®) and resin-based (AH Plus®) sealers at 24 h, 7 days and 4 weeks. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-four extracted human upper anterior teeth were used. All the teeth were sectioned to leave the root 15 mm long, and then all the roots were instrumented using a set of ProTaper® rotary instruments. Four roots were selected randomly as controls, and the remaining 30 were randomly divided into 2 groups of 15 each: MTA Fillapex and gutta-percha (group 1) and AH Plus and gutta-percha (group 2) using a warm vertical compaction technique. The apical sealing ability of the filled root canal was measured using the fluid-filtration method with 200 mm Hg (26.67 KPa) above atmospheric pressure at 24 h, 7 days and 4 weeks. The apical microleakage of the 2 groups was compared using Student's t test. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The mean apical microleakage in group 1 at 24 h, 7 days and 4 weeks was 1.01 ± 0.24, 0.43 ± 0.07 and 0.24 ± 0.08 nl/s. The corresponding values in group 2 were 1.15 ± 0.40, 0.32 ± 0.09, and 0.38 ± 0.10 nl/s. MTA Fillapex had significantly more leakage than AH Plus at 7 days, but at 4 weeks, MTA Fillapex showed a significantly better sealing ability than AH Plus (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In this study, the tricalcium silicate-based sealer promoted proper sealing when used for filling the root canals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Prapaporn Yachor
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanittha Kijsamanmith
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Dr. Kanittha Kijsamanmith, Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothi Street, Bangkok 10400 (Thailand), E-Mail
| | - Noppakun Vongsavan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Collares FM, Portella FF, Rodrigues SB, Celeste RK, Leitune VCB, Samuel SMW. The influence of methodological variables on the push-out resistance to dislodgement of root filling materials: a meta-regression analysis. Int Endod J 2015; 49:836-849. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. M. Collares
- Dental Materials Laboratory; School of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - F. F. Portella
- Dental Materials Laboratory; School of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - S. B. Rodrigues
- Dental Materials Laboratory; School of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - R. K. Celeste
- Preventive and Social Dentistry Department; School of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - V. C. B. Leitune
- Dental Materials Laboratory; School of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - S. M. W. Samuel
- Dental Materials Laboratory; School of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
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Viapiana R, Moinzadeh AT, Camilleri L, Wesselink PR, Tanomaru Filho M, Camilleri J. Porosity and sealing ability of root fillings with gutta-percha and BioRoot RCS or AH Plus sealers. Evaluation by three ex vivo methods. Int Endod J 2015. [PMID: 26199130 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the ability of BioRoot RCS, a tricalcium silicate-based root canal sealer and AH Plus to effectively fill the root canals of contralateral teeth using three evaluation methods, and to investigate also the correlation between the methods. METHODOLOGY The prepared root canals of ten pairs of contralateral mandibular premolar teeth were filled with gutta-percha and sealer using lateral compaction. The percentage of voids within the root canal was assessed by micro-computed tomography, whilst sealing ability was investigated by fluid transport and leakage of fluorescent microspheres. The interaction of sealer with dentine, and sealer penetration were assessed by confocal microscopy. The void volume, fluid flow, microsphere leakage and sealer interaction with dentine for both materials were compared. Nonparametric (Mann-Whitney) tests were used to compare the % void and fluid transport of the two sealers. Spearman correlation was used to assess the pairwise relationships between the techniques. The level of significance was set to 0.05. RESULTS BioRoot RCS exhibited significantly more percentage of voids than AH Plus. There was no difference in fluid flow and microsphere penetration. BioRoot RCS exhibited a different pattern of sealer penetration and interaction with the dentine walls compared to AH Plus. For both materials, the pairwise correlations between the three techniques were close to zero, indicating weak relationships. CONCLUSIONS MicroCT analysis revealed a higher void volume for BioRoot RCS. The other techniques did not show a difference between the sealing ability of the sealers. The correlation between the three ex vivo methods of assessment was weak demonstrating their complementarity rather than their concordance.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Viapiana
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - A T Moinzadeh
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Camilleri
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - P R Wesselink
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Tanomaru Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - J Camilleri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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