1
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George VPJ, Zhao K, Chen P, Hu J. Chitosan-nanoclay embolic material for catheter-directed arterial embolization. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:914-930. [PMID: 38229508 PMCID: PMC10984788 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Minimally invasive transcatheter embolization is a common nonsurgical procedure in interventional radiology. It is used for the deliberate occlusion of blood vessels for the treatment of disease or injured vasculature, including vascular malformation and malignant/benign tumors. Here, we introduce a gel embolic agent comprising chitosan nanofibers and nanoclay with excellent catheter injectability and tunable mechanical properties for embolization. The properties of the gel were optimized by varying the ratio between each individual component and also adjusting the total solid content. The rheological studies confirm the shear thinning property and gel nature of the developed gel as well as their recoverability. Injection force was measured to record the force required to pass the embolic gel through a clinically relevant catheter, evaluating for practicality of hand-injection. Theoretical predicted injection force was calculated to reduce the development time and to enhance the physician's experience. The stability of occlusion was also tested in vitro by monitoring the pressure required to displace the gel. The engineered gels exhibited sterility, hemocompatibility and cell biocompatibility, highlighting their potential for transcatheter embolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varghese P J George
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Keren Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jingjie Hu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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2
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Aina M, Baillon F, Sescousse R, Sanchez-Ballester NM, Begu S, Soulairol I, Sauceau M. Evaluation of the printability of agar and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gels as gummy formulations: Insights from rheological properties. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123937. [PMID: 38401873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The trial-and-error method currently used to create formulations with excellent printability demands considerable time and resources, primarily due to the increasing number of variables involved. Rheology serves as a relatively rapid and highly beneficial method for assessing materials and evaluating their effectiveness as 3D constructs. However, the data obtained can be overwhelming, especially for users lacking experience in this field. This study examined the rheological properties of formulations of agar, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and the model drug caffeine, alongside exploring their printability as gummy formulations. The gels' rheological properties were characterized using oscillatory and rotational experiments. The correlation between these gels' rheological properties and their printability was established, and three clusters were formed based on the rheological properties and printability of the samples using principal component analysis. Furthermore, the printability was predicted using the sample's rheological property that correlated most with printability, the phase angle δ, and the regression models resulted in an accuracy of over 80%. Although these relationships merit confirmation in later studies, this study suggests a quantitative definition of the relationship between printability and one rheological property and can be used for the development of formulations destined for extrusion 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenikeji Aina
- RAPSODEE, IMT Mines Albi, CNRS, University of Toulouse, 81013 Albi, France.
| | - Fabien Baillon
- RAPSODEE, IMT Mines Albi, CNRS, University of Toulouse, 81013 Albi, France
| | - Romain Sescousse
- RAPSODEE, IMT Mines Albi, CNRS, University of Toulouse, 81013 Albi, France
| | - Noelia M Sanchez-Ballester
- ICGM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; Department of Pharmacy, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Sylvie Begu
- ICGM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Ian Soulairol
- ICGM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; Department of Pharmacy, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Martial Sauceau
- RAPSODEE, IMT Mines Albi, CNRS, University of Toulouse, 81013 Albi, France
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3
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Proksch J, Dal Colle MCS, Heinz F, Schmidt RF, Gottwald J, Delbianco M, Keller BG, Gradzielski M, Alexiev U, Koksch B. Impact of glycan nature on structure and viscoelastic properties of glycopeptide hydrogels. J Pept Sci 2024:e3599. [PMID: 38567550 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Mucus is a complex biological hydrogel that acts as a barrier for almost everything entering or exiting the body. It is therefore of emerging interest for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Besides water, the most abundant components are the large and densely glycosylated mucins, glycoproteins of up to 20 MDa and carbohydrate content of up to 80 wt%. Here, we designed and explored a library of glycosylated peptides to deconstruct the complexity of mucus. Using the well-characterized hFF03 coiled-coil system as a hydrogel-forming peptide scaffold, we systematically probed the contribution of single glycans to the secondary structure as well as the formation and viscoelastic properties of the resulting hydrogels. We show that glycan-decoration does not affect α-helix and coiled-coil formation while it alters gel stiffness. By using oscillatory macrorheology, dynamic light scattering microrheology, and fluorescence lifetime-based nanorheology, we characterized the glycopeptide materials over several length scales. Molecular simulations revealed that the glycosylated linker may extend into the solvent, but more frequently interacts with the peptide, thereby likely modifying the stability of the self-assembled fibers. This systematic study highlights the interplay between glycan structure and hydrogel properties and may guide the development of synthetic mucus mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Proksch
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marlene C S Dal Colle
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Frederick Heinz
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert F Schmidt
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Martina Delbianco
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bettina G Keller
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Alexiev
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Koksch
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Haver D, Acuña D, Janbaz S, Lerner E, Düring G, Coulais C. Elasticity and rheology of auxetic granular metamaterials. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317915121. [PMID: 38536751 PMCID: PMC10998574 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317915121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The flowing, jamming, and avalanche behavior of granular materials is satisfyingly universal and vexingly hard to tune: A granular flow is typically intermittent and will irremediably jam if too confined. Here, we show that granular metamaterials made from particles with a negative Poisson's ratio yield more easily and flow more smoothly than ordinary granular materials. We first create a collection of auxetic grains based on a re-entrant mechanism and show that each grain exhibits a negative Poisson's ratio regardless of the direction of compression. Interestingly, we find that the elastic and yielding properties are governed by the high compressibility of granular metamaterials: At a given confinement, they exhibit lower shear modulus, lower yield stress, and more frequent, smaller avalanches than materials made from ordinary grains. We further demonstrate that granular metamaterials promote flow in more complex confined geometries, such as intruder and hopper geometries, even when the packing contains only a fraction of auxetic grains. Moreover, auxetic granular metamaterials exhibit enhanced impact absorption. Our findings blur the boundary between complex fluids and metamaterials and could help in scenarios that involve process, transport, and reconfiguration of granular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan Haver
- Faculteit der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica, Institute of Physics, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Acuña
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago8370458, Chile
| | - Shahram Janbaz
- Faculteit der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica, Institute of Physics, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Edan Lerner
- Faculteit der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica, Institute of Physics, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Gustavo Düring
- Facultad de Física, Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago8331150, Chile
| | - Corentin Coulais
- Faculteit der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica, Institute of Physics, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam1098 XH, The Netherlands
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5
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Asimakopoulou E, Goudoulas T, Andreadis II, Fatouros DG, Ahmad M, Vasiliadou C, Theocharidou A, Ritzoulis C. Analytical rheology as a tool for the structural investigation of citrus pectin. J Texture Stud 2024; 55:e12828. [PMID: 38486415 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Rheological analysis of citrus pectin at pH 3 and 7 elucidates its structural dynamics, revealing distinct behaviors influenced by pH. At pH 3, pectin exhibits shear-thinning, with solvent-independent unified rheological profiles identifying three concentration regimes: 0.5%-1.5%, 2%-3%, and 3.5%-4%. These regimes, alongside Cox-Merz superpositions, outline the semi-dilute (c*) and concentrated (c**) transitions at 1.5%-2% and 3%-3.5%, respectively. Moreover, a Morris equation exponent of 0.65 indicates flexible, mobility-restricted macromolecules. Conversely, at pH 7, increased viscosities and Morris plot linearity for p = .1 suggest rigid chain behavior due to electrostatic repulsion among ionized acidic groups. This rigidity leads to concentration-dependent self-assembly structures that diverge from expected unified rheological profiles, a deviation amplified by heating-cooling cycles. This study clarifies the impact of pH on citrus pectin's rheology and emphasizes the intricate relationship between polymeric chain rigidity, self-assembly, and viscosity. By providing a refined understanding of these mechanisms, our findings contribute to the broader field of polysaccharide research, offering insights critical for developing and optimizing pectin-based applications in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evdoxia Asimakopoulou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thomas Goudoulas
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Weihenstephan, Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 4, Freising, Germany
| | - Ioannis I Andreadis
- School of Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Fatouros
- School of Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mehraj Ahmad
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Athina Theocharidou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Ritzoulis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
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6
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Tian Y, Wang S, Li T, Lv J, Zhang X, Oh DH, Fu X. Effect of transglutaminase on ovalbumin emulsion gels as carriers of encapsulated probiotic bacteria. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3468-3476. [PMID: 38133640 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of emulsion gels to protect and deliver probiotics has become an important topic in the food industry. This study used transglutaminase (TGase) to regulate ovalbumin (OVA) to prepare a novel emulsion gel. The effects of OVA concentration and the addition of TGase on the microstructure, rheological properties, water-holding capacity, and stability of the emulsion gels were investigated. RESULTS With the addition of TGase and the increasing OVA, the particle size of the emulsion gels decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The gels with TGase exhibited greater water holding, hardness, and chewiness to some extent by forming a more uniform and stable system. After simulated digestion, the survival rate of Bifidobacterium lactis embedded in OVA emulsion gels improved significantly in comparison with the oil-water mixture as a result of the protective effect of the emulsion gel encapsulation. CONCLUSION By increasing the OVA content and adding TGase, the rheological characteristics, stability, and encapsulation capability of the OVA emulsion gel could be enhanced, providing a theoretical basis for the use of emulsion gels to construct probiotic delivery systems. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Tian
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shurui Wang
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianyun Li
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiran Lv
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianli Zhang
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Xing Fu
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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7
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Li B, Liao G, Li Y, Yin H, Cui L, Cao K, Xie Z, Liu J, Liu Y. Investigation on the Correlation between Biaxial Stretching Process and Macroscopic Properties of BOPA6 Film. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:961. [PMID: 38611219 PMCID: PMC11013346 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Biaxially oriented polyamide 6 (BOPA6) films were prepared by extrusion casting and biaxial stretching with polyamide 6. The effects of different biaxially oriented on the macroscopic properties of BOPA6 were investigated by characterizing the rheological, crystallization, optical, barrier and mechanical properties. The results show that the increase of stretching temperature leads to the diffusion and regular stacking rate of BOPA6 chain segments towards crystal nuclei increases, the relative crystallinity increases, reaching 27.87% at 180 °C, and the mechanical strength and optical performance decrease. Heat-induced crystallization promotes the transformation of β-crystals to α-crystals in BOPA6, resulting in a more perfect crystalline structure and enhancing oxygen barrier properties. BOPA6 chains are oriented, and strain-induced crystallization (SIC) occurs during the biaxial stretching. Further increasing the stretch ratio, the relative crystallinity increased to 30.34%. The machine direction (MD) and transverse direction (TD) tensile strength of BOPA6 (B-33) are nearly two times higher than the unstretched film, reaching 134.33 MPa and 155.28 MPa, respectively. In addition, the permeation decreases to 57.61 cc·mil/(m2 day), and the oxygen barrier performance has improved by nearly 30% compared to the sample B-22. BOPA6 has a high storage modulus at a high stretching rate (300%/s). Rapid chain relaxation would promote the molecular chain disorientation, destroy the entangled network of the molecular chain, and lead to a decrease in tensile strength, reducing to about 110 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guangkai Liao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (B.L.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (Z.X.); (J.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuejun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (B.L.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (Z.X.); (J.L.)
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8
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Gates D, Badruddoza AZM, Zahid MI, Yeoh T, Shah J, Walsh T, Nurunnabi M. Sustainable Alternatives to Petroleum-Derived Excipients in Pharmaceutical Oil-in-Water Creams. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:68. [PMID: 38538866 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02784-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, vast efforts towards sustainability have been made in the pharmaceutical industry. In conventional oil-in-water (O/W) cream formulations, various petroleum-based excipients, namely mineral oil and petrolatum, are commonly used. Natural or synthetic excipients, derived from vegetable sources, were explored as alternatives to petroleum-based excipients in prototype topical creams, with 1% (w/w) lidocaine. A conventional cream comprised of petroleum-derived excipients was compared to creams containing sustainable excipients in terms of key quality and performance attributes, physicochemical properties, and formulation performance. The petrolatum-based control formulation had the highest viscosity of 248.0 Pa·s, a melting point of 42.7°C, a low separation index at 25°C of 0.031, and an IVRT flux of 52.9 µg/cm2/h. Formulation SUS-4 was the least viscous formulation at 86.9 Pa·s, had the lowest melting point of 33.6°C, the highest separation index of 0.120, and the highest IVRT flux of 139.4 µg/cm2/h. Alternatively, SUS-5 had a higher viscosity of 131.3 Pa·s, a melting point of 43.6°C, a low separation index of 0.046, and the lowest IVRT flux of 25.2 µg/cm2/h. The cumulative drug permeation after 12 h from SUS-4, SUS-5, and the control were 126.2 µg/cm2, 113.8 µg/cm2, and 108.1 µg/cm2, respectively. The composition of the oil-in-water creams had influence on physicochemical properties and drug release; however, skin permeation was not impacted. Sustainable natural or synthetic excipients in topical cream formulations were found to be suitable alternatives to petroleum-based excipients with comparable key quality attributes and performance attributes and should be considered during formulation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Gates
- Drug Product Design, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA.
| | - Abu Zayed Md Badruddoza
- Drug Product Design, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - Md Ikhtiar Zahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79902, USA
| | - Thean Yeoh
- Drug Product Design, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - Jaymin Shah
- Drug Product Design, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - Taylor Walsh
- Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories Professional Scientific Services, 2425 New Holland Pike, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 17601, USA
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79902, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, College of Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
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9
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Tao C, Massoudi M. On the Flow of a Cement Suspension: The Effects of Nano-Silica and Fly Ash Particles. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1504. [PMID: 38612019 PMCID: PMC11012764 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Additives such as nano-silica and fly ash are widely used in cement and concrete materials to improve the rheology of fresh cement and concrete and the performance of hardened materials and increase the sustainability of the cement and concrete industry by reducing the usage of Portland cement. Therefore, it is important to study the effect of these additives on the rheological behavior of fresh cement. In this paper, we study the pulsating Poiseuille flow of fresh cement in a horizontal pipe by considering two different additives and when they are combined (nano-silica, fly ash, combined nano-silica, and fly ash). To model the fresh cement suspension, we used a modified form of the power-law model to demonstrate the dependency of the cement viscosity on the shear rate and volume fraction of cement and the additive particles. The convection-diffusion equation was used to solve for the volume fraction. After solving the equations in the dimensionless forms, we conducted a parametric study to analyze the effects of nano-silica, fly ash, and combined nano-silica and fly ash additives on the velocity and volume fraction profiles of the cement suspension. According to the parametric study presented here, larger nano-silica content results in lower centerline velocity of the cement suspension and larger non-uniformity of the volume fraction. Compared to nano-silica, fly ash exhibits an opposite effect on the velocity. Larger fly ash content results in higher centerline velocity, while the effect of the fly ash on the volume fraction is not obvious. For cement suspension containing combined nano-silica and fly ash additives, nano-silica plays a dominant role in the flow behavior of the suspension. The findings of the study can help the design and operation of the pulsating flow of fresh cement mortars and concrete in the 3D printing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Tao
- School of Construction Management Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Mehrdad Massoudi
- National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), U. S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
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10
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Al-Khateeb GG, Sukkari A, Ezzat H, Nasr E, Zeiada W. Rheology of Crumb Rubber-Modified Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA). Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:906. [PMID: 38611164 PMCID: PMC11013656 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the impact of adding waste vehicular crumb rubber to the commercially available warm mix additives Sasobit® and Zycotherm® on modified asphalt binders' physical and rheological properties. Various concentrations of crumb rubber (0%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) were introduced to asphalt binder samples with 2% and 4% Sasobit and 1.5% and 3% Zycotherm. The investigation employed conventional tests (penetration and softening point) and advanced mechanical characterization tests, including Superpave rotational viscosity (RV), Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), DSR multi-stress creep recovery (MSCR), DSR linear amplitude sweep (LAS), and Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR). Traditional tests measured the asphalt consistency, while workability was assessed through the RV test. The results showed that the Zycotherm binders experienced a more significant penetration reduction than the Sasobit binders. Additionally, an increased crumb rubber content consistently elevated the softening point and rotational viscosity, enhancing the complex shear modulus (G*) values. Rubberized binders exhibited an improved rutting performance and low-temperature PG grades. Increasing the crumb rubber content enhanced fatigue life, with Z1.5CR20 and S2CR20 demonstrating the longest fatigue lives among the Zycotherm and Sasobit binders, respectively. Overall, Z1.5CR20 is recommended for colder climates, while S2CR20 is suitable for hot-climate applications based on extensive analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazi G. Al-Khateeb
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.S.); (E.N.); (W.Z.)
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Alaa Sukkari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.S.); (E.N.); (W.Z.)
| | - Helal Ezzat
- Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Delta Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura 35681, Egypt
| | - Eyad Nasr
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.S.); (E.N.); (W.Z.)
| | - Waleed Zeiada
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.S.); (E.N.); (W.Z.)
- Public Works Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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11
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Marlapati L, Basha RFS, Navarre A, Kinchla AJ, Nolden AA. Comparison of Physical and Compositional Attributes between Commercial Plant-Based and Dairy Yogurts. Foods 2024; 13:984. [PMID: 38611291 PMCID: PMC11011924 DOI: 10.3390/foods13070984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A primary strategy led by the food industry to improve the sustainability of the agricultural food supply is the development of modern plant-based alternatives. The information provided via marketing and product packaging provides consumers with the expectation that these products provide a similar product experience to conventional products, yet it is not well understood whether these commercial alternative products are comparable to traditional animal-based products. To aid in developing improved plant-based products, this study aimed to compare the quality and physical attributes of commercially available plant-based and dairy yogurts. Using instrumental methods, commercially available yogurt products were analyzed for their pH, titratable acidity, color, water activity, moisture content, and rheology, which included 13 plant-based (almond, cashew, coconut, oat, soy) and 8 whole-milk dairy yogurts. The present study reveals that the plant-based and dairy yogurts had no significant differences in pH, lactic acid, water activity, or moisture content. However, there were significant differences in the color and texture properties between the plant-based and dairy yogurts. Additionally, significant differences were observed across the plant-based yogurt products in terms of their color and texture properties. This highlights the need for additional studies to determine how individual ingredients influence the physical characteristics and textural properties to direct the development of plant-based yogurts. Improving upon the physicochemical properties of plant-based yogurt may encourage more consumers to adopt a more sustainable diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alissa A. Nolden
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA (A.J.K.)
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12
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Cravero F, Cavallini N, Arrigo R, Savorani F, Frache A. The Effect of Processing Conditions on the Microstructure of Homopolymer High-Density Polyethylene Blends: A Multivariate Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:870. [PMID: 38611128 PMCID: PMC11013753 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, a multivariate approach was utilized for gaining some insights into the processing-structure-properties relationships in polyethylene-based blends. In particular, two high-density polyethylenes (HDPEs) with different molecular weights were melt-compounded using a twin-screw extruder, and the effects of the screw speed, processing temperature and composition on the microstructure of the blends were evaluated based on a Design of Experiment-multilinear regression (DoE-MLR) approach. The results of the thermal characterization, interpreted trough the MLR (multilinear regression) response surfaces, demonstrated that the composition of the blends and the screw rotation speed are the two most important parameters in determining the crystallinity of the materials. Furthermore, the rheological data were examined using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) multivariate approach, highlighting also in this case the most prominent effect of the weight ratio of the two base polymers and the screw rotation speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvia Cravero
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (F.C.); (A.F.)
- Local INSTM Unit, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Nicola Cavallini
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (N.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Rossella Arrigo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (F.C.); (A.F.)
- Local INSTM Unit, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Francesco Savorani
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (N.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Alberto Frache
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (F.C.); (A.F.)
- Local INSTM Unit, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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13
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Lilley RL, Kabaliuk N, Reynaud A, Devananthan P, Smith N, Docherty PD. A Novel Experimental Approach for the Measurement of Vibration-Induced Changes in the Rheological Properties of Ex Vivo Ovine Brain Tissue. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:2022. [PMID: 38610233 PMCID: PMC11014318 DOI: 10.3390/s24072022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Increased incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) imposes a growing need to understand the pathology of brain trauma. A correlation between the incidence of multiple brain traumas and rates of behavioural and cognitive deficiencies has been identified amongst people that experienced multiple TBI events. Mechanically, repetitive TBIs may affect brain tissue in a similar way to cyclic loading. Hence, the potential susceptibility of brain tissue to mechanical fatigue is of interest. Although temporal changes in ovine brain tissue viscoelasticity and biological fatigue of other tissues such as tendons and arteries have been investigated, no methodology currently exists to cyclically load ex vivo brain tissue. A novel rheology-based approach found a consistent, initial stiffening response of the brain tissue before a notable softening when subjected to a subsequential cyclic rotational shear. History dependence of the mechanical properties of brain tissue indicates susceptibility to mechanical fatigue. Results from this investigation increase understanding of the fatigue properties of brain tissue and could be used to strengthen therapy and prevention of TBI, or computational models of repetitive head injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. Lilley
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; (R.L.L.); (N.K.); (A.R.); (P.D.)
| | - Natalia Kabaliuk
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; (R.L.L.); (N.K.); (A.R.); (P.D.)
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Antoine Reynaud
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; (R.L.L.); (N.K.); (A.R.); (P.D.)
- École Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Pavithran Devananthan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; (R.L.L.); (N.K.); (A.R.); (P.D.)
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Nicole Smith
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand;
| | - Paul D. Docherty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; (R.L.L.); (N.K.); (A.R.); (P.D.)
- Institute for Technical Medicine, Furtwangen University, 78120 Villingen Schwenningen, Germany
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14
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Ohmura T, Skinner DJ, Neuhaus K, Choi GPT, Dunkel J, Drescher K. In vivo Micro rheology Reveals Local Elastic and Plastic Responses Inside Three-dimensional Bacterial Biofilms. Adv Mater 2024:e2314059. [PMID: 38511867 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are highly abundant three-dimensional (3D) living materials capable of performing complex biomechanical and biochemical functions, including programmable growth, self-repair, filtration, and bioproduction. Methods to measure internal mechanical properties of biofilms in vivo with spatial resolution on the cellular scale have been lacking. Here, we tracked thousands of cells inside living 3D biofilms of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae during and after the application of shear stress, for a wide range of stress amplitudes, periods, and biofilm sizes, which revealed anisotropic elastic and plastic responses of both cell displacements and cell reorientations. Using cellular tracking to infer parameters of a general mechanical model, we obtained spatially-resolved measurements of the elastic modulus inside the biofilm, which correlate with the spatial distribution of the polysaccharides within the biofilm matrix. The non-invasive microrheology and force-inference approach introduced here provides a general framework for studying mechanical properties with high spatial resolution in living materials. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Ohmura
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dominic J Skinner
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, USA
- NSF-Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
| | - Konstantin Neuhaus
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 5, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gary P T Choi
- Department of Mathematics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jörn Dunkel
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, USA
| | - Knut Drescher
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, Basel, Switzerland
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Xie H, Sha XM, Yuan P, Li JL, Hu ZZ, Tu ZC. Rheology, physicochemical properties, and microstructure of fish gelatin emulsion gel modified by γ-polyglutamic acid. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1343394. [PMID: 38571750 PMCID: PMC10987959 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1343394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, the effect of the addition of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) on the rheology, physicochemical properties, and microstructure of fish gelatin (FG) emulsion gel was investigated. Samples of the emulsion gel were evaluated for rheological behavior and stability prior to gelation. The mechanical properties and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the emulsion were determined after gelation. The microstructure of the emulsion gel was further examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The results indicated a gradual increase in the apparent viscosity and gelation temperature of the emulsion at a higher concentration of γ-PGA. Additionally, frequency scan results revealed that on the addition of γ-PGA, FG emulsion exhibited a stronger structure. The emulsion containing 0.1% γ-PGA exhibited higher stability than that of the control samples. The WHC and gel strength of the emulsion gel increased on increasing the γ-PGA concentration. CLSM images showed that the addition of γ-PGA modified the structure of the emulsion gel, and the droplets containing 0.1% γ-PGA were evenly distributed. Moreover, γ-PGA could regulate the droplet size of the FG emulsion and its size distribution. These findings suggest that the viscoelasticity and structure of FG emulsion gels could be regulated by adjusting the γ-PGA concentration. The γ-PGA-modified FG emulsion gel also exhibited improved rheology and physicochemical properties. The results showed that γ-PGA-modified FG emulsion gel may find potential applications in food, medicine, cosmetics, and other industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xie
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Sha
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Deshang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jia-Le Li
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zi-Zi Hu
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zong-Cai Tu
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Ciulla MG, Marchini A, Gazzola J, Forouharshad M, Pugliese R, Gelain F. In Situ Transglutaminase Cross-Linking Improves Mechanical Properties of Self-Assembling Peptides for Biomedical Applications. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2024; 7:1723-1734. [PMID: 38346174 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The development of three-dimensional (3D) biomaterials that mimic natural tissues is required for efficiently restoring physiological functions of injured tissues and organs. In the field of soft hydrogels, self-assembled peptides (SAPs) stand out as distinctive biomimetic scaffolds, offering tunable properties. They have garnered significant attention in nanomedicine due to their innate ability to self-assemble, resulting in the creation of fibrous nanostructures that closely mimic the microenvironment of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This unique feature ensures their biocompatibility and bioactivity, making them a compelling area of study over the past few decades. As they are soft hydrogels, approaches are necessary to enhance the stiffness and resilience of the SAP materials. This work shows an enzymatic strategy to selectively increase the stiffness and resiliency of functionalized SAPs using transglutaminase (TGase) type 2, an enzyme capable of triggering the formation of isopeptide bonds. To this aim, we synthesized a set of SAP sequences and characterized their cross-linking via rheological experiments, atomic force microscopy (AFM), thioflavin-T binding assay, and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) tests. The results showed an improvement of the storage modulus of cross-linked SAPs at no cost of the maximum stress-at-failure. Further, in in vitro tests, we examined and validated the TGase capability to cross-link SAPs without hampering seeded neural stem cells (hNSCs) viability and differentiation, potentially leaving the door open for safe in situ cross-linking reactions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gessica Ciulla
- Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Amanda Marchini
- Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering (CNTE), ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Gazzola
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan - Bicocca, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Mahdi Forouharshad
- Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering (CNTE), ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pugliese
- Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering (CNTE), ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gelain
- Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering (CNTE), ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
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Liu Y, Wu Q, Zhang J, Mao X. Effect of synergism of sucrose ester and xanthan gum on the stability of walnut milk. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:1909-1919. [PMID: 37884470 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single emulsifiers have an effect on the stability of plant protein drinks, giving some improvement. Emulsifiers are more effective in maintaining emulsion stability when combined with polysaccharides such as xanthan gum. In this paper, we studied the food-grade emulsifier sucrose ester and measured the average particle size, polydispersity value, zeta potential, microrheological properties, microstructure and creaming index related to walnut protein emulsion by constructing a walnut protein emulsion simulation system. SDS-PAGE and low-field NMR were used to analyze the relative molecular masses of emulsions and the water distribution of emulsions, respectively, to further investigate the synergistic effects of sucrose esters and xanthan gum on the ease of emulsification and intrinsic mechanisms of different molecular weight proteins of walnut protein emulsions. RESULTS The results indicate that the synergistic effect of sucrose esters and xanthan gum was to stabilize emulsions better than single emulsifiers. Xanthan gum and protein may form protein-polysaccharide complexes, as well as the hydrophobic interaction between sucrose ester and xanthan gum. The properties of xanthan gum can improve the stability of the emulsion by affecting the mechanical properties of walnut protein emulsion, and the combination of sucrose ester and xanthan gum can better stabilize large protein molecules. CONCLUSION The results not only provide a theoretical basis for the stability of plant protein emulsion systems, but also provide technical support for the production and processing of large-molecule plant proteins into emulsions in this field for improving their stability, and also provide more possibilities for other types of emulsions. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Quality Control of Specialty (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qingzhi Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Quality Control of Specialty (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Quality Control of Specialty (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoying Mao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Quality Control of Specialty (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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18
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Javakhishvili I, Sanikidze T, Mardaleishvili K, Momtselidze N, Urdulashvili T, Mantskava M, Prantl L, Jung F. Finding possible diagnostic markers for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid tumors on example investigate of rheological properties1. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024:CH249102. [PMID: 38489170 DOI: 10.3233/ch-249102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The functioning of the thyroid gland is a multi-component process that in some conditions may undergo alterations. The thyroid gland is part of the endocrine system that produces the iodine-containing hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Thyroid hormones, control metabolism and energy, growth processes, maturation of tissues and organs, regulation of blood flow, and, therefore, providing vital functions of the body. The role of thyroid hormones in the regulation of blood flow is determined by the intensity of their production and the quantity in the blood. Presumably, in case of oncological and non-oncological diseases of the thyroid gland, the fluidity of the blood, which depends on the rheological properties, will be different. OBJECTIVE Our aim was investigating rheological characteristics for studying of changes of rheology in patients with thyrotoxicosis, with benign tumor pathology of the thyroid gland, with thyroid cancer and finding possible diagnostic markers for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid tumors. METHODS In this regard, we examined, using modern methods accepted in clinical practice, a standard list of recommended diagnostic tests in the group of patients (thyrotoxicosis: n = 25; benign tumor: n = 47), thyroid cancer: n = 35) and control group (n = 15), and with new original methods, parameters that describe the rheological properties of the blood, such as blood rheological index, volume, thickness, surface area of erythrocytes, erythrocyte aggregation index, deformation index, plasma viscosity, hematocrits. RESULTS Against the background of relative changes in the studied values, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that erythrocyte aggregation in patients with a benign form and control, as well as in patients with a malignant form and control, differ significantly from each other, in addition, there is a significant difference between aggregation in the group of patients with benign and control aggregation. malignant forms of the disease. It is significant that aggregability differs in patients with thyrotoxicosis and in controls. This indicates that erythrocyte aggregation is particularly informative. The blood rheological index most clearly demonstrated the difference between benign and malignant forms of the disease. Significantly changed compared to control in various forms of thyroid diseases. CONCLUSION Additional diagnostic markers for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid tumors may be consideredeerythrocyte aggregation index and blood rheological index.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T Sanikidze
- Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - N Momtselidze
- Ivane Beritashvilis Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - T Urdulashvili
- Ivane Beritashvilis Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - M Mantskava
- Ivane Beritashvilis Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - L Prantl
- University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - F Jung
- Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus Senftenberg, Germany
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19
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Vélez-Cerón I, Guillamat P, Sagués F, Ignés-Mullol J. Probing active nematics with in situ microfabricated elastic inclusions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2312494121. [PMID: 38451942 PMCID: PMC10945829 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312494121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report a direct measurement of the forces exerted by a tubulin/kinesin active nematic gel as well as its complete rheological characterization, including the quantification of its shear viscosity, η, and its activity parameter, α. For this, we develop a method that allows us to rapidly photo-polymerize compliant elastic inclusions in the continuously remodeling active system. Moreover, we quantitatively settle long-standing theoretical predictions, such as a postulated relationship encoding the intrinsic time scale of the active nematic in terms of η and α. In parallel, we infer a value for the nematic elasticity constant, K, by combining our measurements with the theorized scaling of the active length scale. On top of the microrheology capabilities, we demonstrate strategies for defect encapsulation, quantification of defect mechanics, and defect interactions, enabled by the versatility of the microfabrication strategy that allows to combine elastic motifs of different shapes and stiffnesses that are fabricated in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Vélez-Cerón
- Department of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona08028, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona08028, Spain
| | - Pau Guillamat
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona08028, Spain
| | - Francesc Sagués
- Department of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona08028, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona08028, Spain
| | - Jordi Ignés-Mullol
- Department of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona08028, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona08028, Spain
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20
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Ang EWJ, Djordjevic I, Solic I, Goh CY, Steele TWJ. Tougher Bioadhesives through Dual Stimulation Strategies. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2303666. [PMID: 38431774 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Carbene-based bioadhesives have favourable attributes for tissue adhesion, including non-specific bonding to wet and dry tissues, but suffer from relatively weak fracture strength after photocuring. Light irradiation of carbene-precursor (diazirine) also creates inert side products that are absent under thermal activation. Herein, a dual activation method combines light irradiation at elevated temperatures for the evaluation of diazirine depletion and effects on cohesive properties. A customized photo/thermal-rheometer evaluates viscoelastic properties, correlated to the kinetics of carbene:diazoalkane ratios via 19 F NMR). The latter exploits the sensitive -CF3 functional group to determine joule-based light/temperature kinetics on trifluoroaryl diazirine consumption. The combination of heat and photoactivation produced bioadhesives that are 3× tougher compared to control. Dual thermal/light irradiation may be a strategy to improve viscoelastic dissipation and toughness of photo-activated adhesive resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elwin W J Ang
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ivan Djordjevic
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ivan Solic
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chen Yee Goh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Terry W J Steele
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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21
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Kitana W, Levario-Diaz V, Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Ionov L. Biofabrication of Composite Bioink-Nanofiber Constructs: Effect of Rheological Properties of Bioinks on 3D (Bio)Printing and Cells Interaction with Aligned Touch Spun Nanofibers. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303343. [PMID: 38009530 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on a novel approach for the fabrication of composite multilayered bioink-nanofibers construct. This work achieves this by using a hands-free 3D (bio)printing integrated touch-spinning approach. Additionally, this work investigates the interaction of fibroblasts in different bioinks with the highly aligned touch-spun nanofibers. This work conducts a comprehensive characterization of the rheological properties of the inks, starting with low-strain oscillatory rheology to analyze the viscoelastic behavior, when the material structure remains intact. Moreover, this work performs amplitude sweeps to investigate the stability of the inks under large deformations, rotational rheology to examine the shear thinning profile, and a three-step creep experiment to study time-dependent rheological behavior. The obtained rheological results are correlated to visual observation of the flow behavior of inks. These behaviors span from an ink with zero-shear viscosity, very weak shear thinning, and no thixotropic behavior to inks exhibiting flow stress, pronounced shear thinning, and thixotropy. It is demonstrated that inks have an essential effect on cell behavior. While all bioinks allow a preferred directionality of the fibroblasts along the fiber direction, cells tend to form aggregates in bioinks with higher viscosity, and a considerable number of agglomerates are observed in the presence of laponite-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Kitana
- Professorship of Biofabrication, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig-Thoma-Straße 36A, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Victoria Levario-Diaz
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Ada Cavalcanti-Adam
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Professorship of Cellular Biomechanics, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Leonid Ionov
- Professorship of Biofabrication, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig-Thoma-Straße 36A, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
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22
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Martinez-Torres C, Grimbergen J, Koopman J, Koenderink GH. Interplay of fibrinogen α EC globular domains and factor XIIIa cross-linking dictates the extensibility and strain stiffening of fibrin networks. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:715-726. [PMID: 37940047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrinogen is a plasma protein forming the fibrin scaffold of blood clots. Its mechanical properties therefore affect the risk of bleeding as well as thrombosis. There has been much recent interest in the biophysical mechanisms controlling fibrin mechanics; however, the role of molecular heterogeneity of the circulating fibrinogen in determining clot mechanical function remains poorly characterized. OBJECTIVES By comparing 2 fibrinogen variants where the only difference is the Aα-chain length, with one variant having a globular domain at its C-terminus, this study aimed to reveal how the molecular structure impacts the structure and mechanics of fibrin networks. METHODS We characterized the mechanical response to large shear for networks formed from 2 recombinant fibrinogen variants: the most prevalent variant in circulation with a molecular weight of 340 kDa (recombinant human fibrinogen [rFib] 340) and a minor variant with a molecular weight of 420 kDa (rFib420). RESULTS We show that the elastic properties of the 2 variants are identical when fibrin is cross-linked with factor XIIIa but differ strongly in its absence. Uncross-linked rFib420 networks are softer and up to 3-fold more extensible than rFib340 networks. Electron microscopy imaging showed that the 2 variants formed networks with a comparable structure, except at 4 mg/mL, where rFib420 formed denser networks. CONCLUSION We propose that the αEC domains of rFib420 increase the extensibility of uncross-linked fibrin networks by promoting protofibril sliding, which is blocked by FXIIIa cross-linking. Our findings can help explain the functional role of different circulating fibrinogen variants in blood clot mechanics and tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Martinez-Torres
- AMOLF, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Gijsje H Koenderink
- AMOLF, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
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23
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Feng Y, Li R, Mbonu C, Akcora P. Effect of Oligomer Addition on Tube Dilation in Polymer Nanocomposite Melts. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300620. [PMID: 38133122 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of adding oligomers on the rheological properties of polymer nanocomposite melts with the goal of enhancing the processability of nanocomposites. The scaling analysis of plateau modulus (GN ) is used in understanding the complex mechanical behavior of entangled poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) melts upon oligomer addition. Increasing the oligomer amount led to a decrease in GN and an apparent degree of entanglement (Z) in the neat polymer melt. The particle dispersion states at two particle loadings with oligomer addition are examined in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The dilution exponent is found unchanged at 7 and 17 vol% particle loadings for the well-dispersed PMA-SiO2 nanocomposites compared to the neat PMA solution. These findings suggest that attractive particles with strong interfacial layers do not influence the tube dilution scaling of the polymer with the oligomer. To the contrary, composites with weak polymer-particle interfaces demonstrate phase separation of particles when oligomers are introduced and its exponent for tube dilution scaling reaches 4 at a particle loading of 17 vol%, potentially indicating that network-forming clusters influence chain entanglements in this scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Feng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Ruhao Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Christopher Mbonu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Pinar Akcora
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
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24
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Ayunta CA, Quinzio CM, Iturriaga LB, Puppo MC. Gels of carrageenan-caprine whey protein concentrate: A physicochemical study. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2024; 30:117-127. [PMID: 36352548 DOI: 10.1177/10820132221137619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Mixed gels of carrageenan (Car) and caprine whey protein concentrate (WPCc) (pH 7) were studied and compared with those prepared with Car and commercial bovine whey protein concentrate (WPCb). Dynamic rheology studies indicate that gels with WPCc were weaker (lower G') than those made with WPCb. However, textural parameters such as, hardness, springiness and cohesiveness were similar in both type of gels. The addition of CaCl2 incremented the elastic modulus (G'), hardness and adhesiveness of gels. The samples with caprine whey showed higher water holding capacity than samples with bovine whey. Confocal laser scanning microscope images of the gels, showed very different aspects according to the type of WPC used: WPCc-Car gels exhibited aggregates of proteins that interrupt the carrageenan network, while WPCb-Car gels showed a homogeneous appearance with proteins distributed throughout all the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina A Ayunta
- Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias-Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Claudia M Quinzio
- Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias-Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Laura B Iturriaga
- Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias-Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - María C Puppo
- CIDCA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Univ. Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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25
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Ou L, Zhu H, Chen R, Su C, Yang X. Effect of Industrial Solid Waste as Fillers on the Rheology and Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Mastic. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1125. [PMID: 38473597 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The continuous growth of industrial solid waste production has generated many environmental problems. We evaluated the potential of industrial solid waste as a substitute filler in asphalt mastic, with the aim of increasing the use of sustainable road construction materials. In this study, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the oxide composition and micromorphology of limestone (LS), red mud (RM), steel slag (SS), and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS). Four asphalt mastics containing LS, RM, SS, and GGBFS with a filler-to-binder weight ratio of one were prepared. An evaluation of the rheology and wetting of the solid-waste-filler asphalt mastic was conducted using a frequency sweep, temperature sweep, linear amplitude sweep (LAS), multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR), and surface free energy (SFE) methods. The results showed that SS increased the complex modulus, elastic component of the asphalt mastic and decreased the nonrecoverable creep compliance at stress levels of 0.1 and 3.2 kPa, which improved the rutting resistance of the asphalt mastic and reduced deformation under high-temperature conditions. The RM and GGBFS increased the fatigue performance of the asphalt mastic under strain loading, enhanced its fatigue life, and maintained good performance under long-term loading. The dispersive component of the SFE parameter of the solid-waste-filler asphalt mastic was larger than the polar component for the largest share of the surface energy composition. The SFE of the asphalt mastic prepared from the industrial solid-waste filler was reduced; however, the difference was insignificant compared to the limestone asphalt mastic. Solid-waste-filler asphalt mastic has performance characteristics, and its actual application can be based on different performance characteristics to select an appropriate solid-waste filler. The results of this study provide new technological solutions for solving the utilization rate of solid waste materials and sustainable road construction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ou
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Hongzhou Zhu
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Transportation and Civil Engineering Materials, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Ruipu Chen
- School of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China
| | - Chunli Su
- CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xiaosi Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
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26
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Xu J, Kenar JA. Rheological and Micro-Rheological Properties of Chicory Inulin Gels. Gels 2024; 10:171. [PMID: 38534589 DOI: 10.3390/gels10030171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As a soluble fiber, inulin is present in many plants and has many applications in food and non-food products. In this work, we investigated the rheological properties of inulin dispersions at seven concentrations. The linear viscoelastic properties of inulin were determined using a conventional mechanical rheometer. At 25 wt%, inulin exhibited fluid-like viscoelastic liquid behavior. However, when concentrations were ≥27.5 wt%, inulin exhibited gel-like viscoelastic properties. The viscoelastic properties (moduli and viscosities) increased with increasing inulin concentration. The high-frequency linear rheological properties of inulin were also investigated using the modern light scattering technique, diffusion wave spectroscopy (DWS). The diffusion wave spectroscopy (DWS) measurements showed the amplitude of complex moduli (|G*(ω)|) of inulin gels (≥27.5 wt%) to be proportional to ½ power law of the frequency, which suggests inulin gels behave similarly to flexible polymers. The non-linear steady shear experiments demonstrated that inulin exhibited shear-thinning behavior that was well fitted by a power law constitutive model. The trend of the power law exponent from the experiments indicated that the shear-thinning extent for inulin was greater as the inulin concentration increased. The results of this work indicated that the properties of inulin gel can be manipulated by altering its concentration. Therefore, the desired inulin product can be designed accordingly. These results can be used to direct further food and non-food applications, such as wound healing materials for inulin gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Xu
- Plant Polymer Research, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - James A Kenar
- Functional Food Research, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
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27
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Dantzler JZR, Gomez SG, Gonzalez S, Gonzalez D, Loera Martinez AO, Marquez C, Hassan MS, Zaman S, Lopez A, Mahmud MS, Lin Y. Porous Polymer Structures with Tunable Mechanical Properties Using a Water Emulsion Ink. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1074. [PMID: 38473546 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Recently, the manufacturing of porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with engineered porosity has gained considerable interest due to its tunable material properties and diverse applications. An innovative approach to control the porosity of PDMS is to use transient liquid phase water to improve its mechanical properties, which has been explored in this work. Adjusting the ratios of deionized water to the PDMS precursor during blending and subsequent curing processes allows for controlled porosity, yielding water emulsion foam with tailored properties. The PDMS-to-water weight ratios were engineered ranging from 100:0 to 10:90, with the 65:35 specimen exhibiting the best mechanical properties with a Young's Modulus of 1.17 MPa, energy absorption of 0.33 MPa, and compressive strength of 3.50 MPa. This led to a porous sample exhibiting a 31.46% increase in the modulus of elasticity over a bulk PDMS sample. Dowsil SE 1700 was then added, improving the storage capabilities of the precursor. The optimal storage temperature was probed, with -60 °C resulting in great pore stability throughout a three-week duration. The possibility of using these water emulsion foams for paste extrusion additive manufacturing (AM) was also analyzed by implementing a rheological modifier, fumed silica. Fumed silica's impact on viscosity was examined, revealing that 9 wt% of silica demonstrates optimal rheological behaviors for AM, bearing a viscosity of 10,290 Pa·s while demonstrating shear-thinning and thixotropic behavior. This study suggests that water can be used as pore-formers for PDMS in conjunction with AM to produce engineered materials and structures for aerospace, medical, and defense industries as sensors, microfluidic devices, and lightweight structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Z R Dantzler
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Sofia Gabriela Gomez
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Stephanie Gonzalez
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Diego Gonzalez
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Alan O Loera Martinez
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Cory Marquez
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Md Sahid Hassan
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Saqlain Zaman
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Alexis Lopez
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Md Shahjahan Mahmud
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Yirong Lin
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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28
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Ozdil D, Günal G, Tevlek A, Aydin HM. Effects of liquid-to-solid ratio and gamma irradiation on the rheology and cytocompatibility of a beta-tricalcium phosphate-based injectable bone substitute. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38401125 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2318820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Injectable bone substitute (IBS) materials are commonly used to fill irregular-shaped bone voids in non-load-bearing areas and can offer greater utility over those which are in prefabricated powder, granule, or block forms. This work investigates the impact of liquid-to-solid ratio (LSR) on the rheology and cytocompatibility of IBSs formulated from bioactive glass particles and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in glycerol and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). IBS formulations of varying LSR were prepared and packed in 3 cc open-bore syringes and sterilized via gamma irradiation (10 kGy, 25 kGy). Gamma-irradiated formulations with high PEG content required the highest (73 N) mechanical force for injection from syringes. Oscillatory viscosity measurements revealed that the viscosity of samples was directly proportional to glycerol content. PEG and glycerol displayed competing effects on the washout resistance and cohesiveness of samples, which were based on total weight loss in media and Ca2+ ion release, respectively. Cell viability in 24-h extracts of 10 kGy gamma-sterilized and 25 kGy gamma-irradiated samples were 22.94% and 56.53%, respectively. The research highlights the complex interplay of IBS components on IBS rheology and, moreover, the cytotoxicity behaviors of beta-tricalcium phosphate-based injectable bone substitutes by in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Ozdil
- Bioengineering Division, Institute of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Günal
- Bioengineering Division, Institute of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Atakan Tevlek
- Bioengineering Division, Institute of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Middle East Technical University, MEMS Research and Application Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Halil Murat Aydin
- Bioengineering Division, Institute of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Centre for Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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29
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Zhao Y, Hu H, Huang Y, Liu H, Yan C, Xu C, Zhang R, Wang Y, Xu Q. Elasticity-controlled jamming criticality in soft composite solids. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1691. [PMID: 38402229 PMCID: PMC10894283 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45964-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Soft composite solids are made of inclusions dispersed within soft matrices. They are ubiquitous in nature and form the basis of many biological tissues. In the field of materials science, synthetic soft composites are promising candidates for building various engineering devices due to their highly programmable features. However, when the volume fraction of the inclusions increases, predicting the mechanical properties of these materials poses a significant challenge for the classical theories of composite mechanics. The difficulty arises from the inherently disordered, multi-scale interactions between the inclusions and the matrix. To address this challenge, we systematically investigated the mechanics of densely filled soft elastomers containing stiff microspheres. We experimentally demonstrate how the strain-stiffening response of the soft composites is governed by the critical scalings in the vicinity of a shear-jamming transition of the included particles. The proposed criticality framework quantitatively connects the overall mechanics of a soft composite with the elasticity of the matrix and the particles, and captures the diverse mechanical responses observed across a wide range of material parameters. The findings uncover a novel design paradigm of composite mechanics that relies on engineering the jamming properties of the embedded inclusions.
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Grants
- Early Career Scheme (No. 26309620) Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- General Research Fund (No. 16307422) Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- Collaborative Research Fund No. C6008-20E Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- PDFS2324-6S02 Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- No. 16300221 Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- Asian Science and Technology Pioneering Institutes of Research and Educational League (No. ASPIRE2021#1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Zhao
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Haitao Hu
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yulu Huang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hanqing Liu
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Caishan Yan
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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30
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Joshi R, Sutariya SG, Salunke P. Effect of Different Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acids on Skim Milk Functional Properties. Foods 2024; 13:690. [PMID: 38472803 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), a naturally occurring polysaccharide with recognized health benefits, has gained approval for use in the food industry as a food additive, ingredient, and health supplement in numerous countries. HA can increase viscosity in solutions and is available commercially in various molecular weights (MW) depending on end applications. Nevertheless, no research has explored the impact of different MW HAs on functionality, rheological properties, and texture-building benefits in the dairy product matrix wherein they are incorporated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate how varying MWs of HA-specifically 8 kDa, 320 kDa, 980 kDa, and 2550 kDa at 0.25% (w/w) concentration-impact rheological characteristics, functional attributes, heat stability, protein stability, protein structure, and protein fractions within skim milk. The addition of HA led to an increase in the apparent viscosity of all samples. A higher G″ value over G' values for all HA samples was observed in frequency sweep, indicating the absence of interparticle interactions between HA particles. Protein stability and heat stability were significantly lower for 980 kDa and 2550 kDa HA as compared to the control and 8 kDa HA samples. As the MW increased, WHC, emulsion properties, and foaming stability notably increased. However, reversed results were found in the case of foaming activity. Moreover, no significant changes were observed in the percent area of individual protein fractions and the hydrodynamic diameter of protein particles. This study would help to understand the effect of HA when incorporated in dairy products for water binding or enhancement in viscosity-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutvi Joshi
- Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Suresh G Sutariya
- Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Prafulla Salunke
- Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
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31
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Oliveira S, Sousa I, Raymundo A, Bengoechea C. Three-Dimensional Printing of Red Algae Biopolymers: Effect of Locust Bean Gum on Rheology and Processability. Gels 2024; 10:166. [PMID: 38534584 DOI: 10.3390/gels10030166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds, rich in high-value polysaccharides with thickening/gelling properties (e.g., agar, carrageenan, and alginate), are extensively used in the food industry for texture customization and enhancement. However, conventional extraction methods for these hydrocolloids often involve potentially hazardous chemicals and long extraction times. In this study, three red seaweed species (Chondrus crispus, Gelidium Corneum, and Gracilaria gracilis) commercialized as food ingredients by local companies were chosen for their native gelling biopolymers, which were extracted using water-based methodologies (i.e., (1) hydration at room temperature; (2) stirring at 90 °C; and (3) centrifugation at 40 °C) for production of sustainable food gels. The potential use of these extracts as bioinks was assessed employing an extrusion-based 3D printer. The present work aimed to study the gelation process, taken place during printing, and assess the effectiveness of the selected green extraction method in producing gels. To improve the definition of the printed gel, two critical printing parameters were investigated: the addition of locust bean gum (LBG) at different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5%) and printing temperature (30, 40, 60, and 80 °C). Rheological results from a controlled-stress rheometer indicated that gels derived from G. corneum and G. gracilis exhibited a lower gel strength (lower G' and G″) and excessive material spreading during deposition (lower viscosity) than C. crispus. Thus, G' was around 5 and 70 times higher for C. crispus gels than for G. corneum and G. gracilis, respectively. When increasing LBG concentration (0.5 to 2.5% w/w) and lowering the printing temperature (80 to 30 °C), an enhanced gel matrix definition for G. corneum and G. gracilis gels was found. In contrast, gels from C. crispus demonstrated greater stability and were less influenced by these parameters, showcasing the potential of the seaweed to develop sustainable clean label food gels. Eventually, these results highlight the feasibility of using algal-based extracts obtained through a green procedure as bioinks where LBG was employed as a synergic ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia Oliveira
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Sousa
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anabela Raymundo
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Bengoechea
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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32
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Zumbo A, Stumpo L, Antonaci P, Ferrero A, Masseni F, Polizzi G, Tetti G, Pastrone D. Rheological and Mechanical Characterization of 3D-Printable Solid Propellant Slurry. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:576. [PMID: 38475260 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study delves into the rheological and mechanical properties of a 3D-printable composite solid propellant with 80% wt solids loading. Polybutadiene is used as a binder with ammonium sulfate, which is added as an inert replacement for the ammonium perchlorate oxidizer. Further additives are introduced to allow for UV curing. An in-house illumination system made of four UV-A LEDs (385 nm) is employed to cure the resulting slurry. Rheological and mechanical tests are conducted to evaluate the viscosity, ultimate tensile strength and strain, and compression behavior. Viscosity tests are performed for both pure resin and complete propellant composition. A viscosity reduction factor is obtained for the tested formulations when pre-heating slurry. Uniaxial tensile and compression tests reveal that the mechanical properties are consistent with previous research. Results emphasize the critical role of temperature and solid loading percentage. Pre-heating resin composites may grant a proper viscosity reduction while keeping mechanical properties in the applicability range. Overall, these findings pave the way for the development of a 3D printer prototype for composite solid propellants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Zumbo
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Leonardo Stumpo
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Antonaci
- Department of Structural, Geotechnical and Building Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Ferrero
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Filippo Masseni
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Polizzi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Giacomo Tetti
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Pastrone
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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Şahin HG, Mardani A, Beytekin HE. Effect of Silica Fume Utilization on Structural Build-Up, Mechanical and Dimensional Stability Performance of Fiber-Reinforced 3D Printable Concrete. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:556. [PMID: 38399934 PMCID: PMC10891572 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
It is known that 3D printable concrete mixtures can be costly because they contain high dosages of binder and that the drying-shrinkage performance may be adversely affected. Mineral additives and fibers are generally used to control these negative aspects. In this study, the use of silica fume, a natural viscosity modifying admixture, was investigated to improve the rheological and thixotropic behavior of 3D printable concrete mixtures reinforced with polypropylene fiber (FR-3DPC). The effect of increasing the silica fume utilization ratio in FR-3DPC on the compressive strength (CS), flexural strength (FS), and drying-shrinkage (DS) performance of the mixtures was also examined. A total of five FR-3DPC mixtures were produced using silica fume at the rate of 3, 6, 9, and 12% of the cement weight, in addition to the control mixture without silica fume. As a result of the tests, the dynamic yield stress value decreased with the addition of 3% silica fume to the control mixture. However, it was found that the dynamic yield stress and apparent viscosity values of the mixtures increased with the addition of 6, 9, and 12% silica fume. With the increase in the use of silica fume, the CS values of the mixtures were generally affected positively, while the FS and DS behavior were affected negatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Gizem Şahin
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey;
| | - Ali Mardani
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey;
| | - Hatice Elif Beytekin
- Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey;
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McCarthy AD, Soares DJ, Chandawarkar A, El-Banna R, Hagedorn N. Dilutional rheology of Radiesse: Implications for regeneration and vascular safety. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38357772 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium hydroxylapatite-carboxymethylcellulose (CaHA-CMC) injectables have emerged as dual-purpose fillers with bioregenerative and direct filling capabilities. AIMS This study investigates the rheological properties of CaHA-CMC and its CMC carrier gel at various dilutions. METHODS The storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), complex viscosity (η*), loss factor (tan δ), cohesivity, and extrusion force were evaluated for a range of CaHA-CMC aqueous dilutions with an oscillatory rheometer, drop weight testing, and force analysis, respectively. RESULTS Results revealed a significant decrease in G', η*, and increase in tan(δ) with increasing dilution, indicating a decline in the product's direct filling capabilities. Cohesivity decreased dramatically with dilution, potentially enhancing tissue biointegration and the product's biostimulatory effects. The CMC gel carrier displayed inelastic and non-resilient properties, with rheological changes differing from CaHA-CMC. Dilutional rheology was also correlated with previously published dilution-dependent biostimulatory data where hyperdiluted CaHA-CMC (>1:2) demonstrated a regenerative profile and diluted or hypodiluted mixtures retained meaningful filling properties and increased regeneration. CONCLUSIONS These findings offer a continuum for tailoring the product's rheological profile to match specific tissue requirements. Customizable rheology allows CaHA-CMC to be tuned for either filling and contouring or optimal regenerative effects. Importantly, safety implications related to vascular occlusion suggest that dilutional rheomodulation decreases the risk of vascular events. In conclusion, this study highlights the significant impact of aqueous dilution on the rheological properties of CaHA-CMC and its carrier gel. The findings support the clinical application of tailored dilutions to achieve desired outcomes, providing versatility and safety for aesthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec D McCarthy
- Medical Affairs North America, Merz Aesthetics, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Danny J Soares
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
- American Foundation for Aesthetic Medicine, Fruitland Park, Florida, USA
| | | | - Radia El-Banna
- Filler and Medical Device Development, Merz Aesthetics GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nadine Hagedorn
- Filler and Medical Device Development, Merz Aesthetics GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
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35
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Wang X, Liu R, Goff HD, Cui SW. Yellow mustard gum: pilot-scale production and characterization. J Sci Food Agric 2024. [PMID: 38334452 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yellow mustard gum (YMG), which is extracted from the mucilaginous part of yellow mustard bran, has been considered an emerging natural hydrocolloid gum but lacks commercial development and production. To promote commercial utilization of YMG, this study developed a pilot-scale YMG production protocol in an economic and environmentally-friendly way to produce a clean-label YMG product. This pilot-scale produced YMG (YMW) was characterized in terms of chemical composition, rheological properties, and interaction with a commercial gum, κ-carrageenan and was compared with purified YMG through EtOH precipitation (YME). RESULTS The protocol processed up to 100 L of raw material with zero solvent and minimal steps and showed great quasi-industrial potential. YMW showed a similar chemical composition as YME. However, YMW contained a slightly lower content of carbohydrates and a much larger amount of ash and potassium than YME. The rheological results concluded both YMW and YME solutions exhibited a shear-thinning flow behavior and a weak gel with YME showing higher viscosity and stronger gel structure. Most interestingly, YMW could form unpourable gels when blended with native κ-carrageenan while YME barely achieved this despite the equivalent total gum concentration. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the feasibility of YMG production at a large scale with economic and green procedures and discovered its new functionality for commercial utilization. The gelling ability could provide YMG with wider applications as a result of a new potential synergistic combination. All this information should accelerate the process of full commercialization of YMG as a clean-label functional ingredient. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Wang
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food, Canada
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Canada
| | - Ruoyan Liu
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Canada
| | - H Douglas Goff
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Canada
| | - Steve W Cui
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food, Canada
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Delanne-Cuménal A, Lainé E, Hoffart V, Verney V, Garrait G, Beyssac E. Effect of Molecules' Physicochemical Properties on Whey Protein/Alginate Hydrogel Rheology, Microstructure and Release Profile. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:258. [PMID: 38399312 PMCID: PMC10892444 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The encapsulation of molecules with different physicochemical properties (theophylline, blue dextran, salicylic acid and insulin) in whey protein (WP) and alginate (ALG) microparticles (MP) for oral administration was studied. MP based on WP/ALG were prepared by a cold gelation technique and coated with WP solution after reticulation. Molecules influenced polymer solution viscosity and elasticity, resulting in differences regarding encapsulation efficiency (from 23 to 100%), MP structure and swelling (>10%) and in terms of pH tested. Molecule release was due to diffusion and/or erosion of MP and was very dependent on the substance encapsulated. All the loaded MP were successfully coated, but variation in coating thickness (from 68 to 146 µm) and function of the molecules encapsulated resulted in differences in molecule release (5 to 80% in 1 h). Gel rheology modification, due to interactions between WP, ALG, calcium and other substances, was responsible for the highlighted differences. Measuring rheologic parameters before extrusion and reticulation appeared to be one of the most important aspects to study in order to successfully develop a vector with optimal biopharmaceutical properties. Our vector seems to be more appropriate for anionic high-molecular-weight substances, leading to high viscosity and elasticity and to MP enabling gastroresistance and controlled release of molecules at intestinal pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Delanne-Cuménal
- UMR454 MEDIS, INRAE-UCA, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (A.D.-C.); (G.G.); (E.B.)
| | - E. Lainé
- UMR454 MEDIS, INRAE-UCA, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (A.D.-C.); (G.G.); (E.B.)
| | - V. Hoffart
- UMR8258 CNRS—U1022 Inserm, UTCBS, Université Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - V. Verney
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - G. Garrait
- UMR454 MEDIS, INRAE-UCA, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (A.D.-C.); (G.G.); (E.B.)
| | - E. Beyssac
- UMR454 MEDIS, INRAE-UCA, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (A.D.-C.); (G.G.); (E.B.)
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Saeed M, Otsuki A, Hermes M, Hassan AZU, Aziz A. Tracking colloidal silica particles to evaluate their dispersion and interactions in concentrated suspensions under shear force applications. Electrophoresis 2024. [PMID: 38335317 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize interactions within colloidal silica particles in their concentrated suspensions, using rheo-confocal measurements and imaging, followed by image analysis. We studied the effect of shear rate (0-500 s-1 ) and solution pH (6, 10) on the dispersion degree of colloidal silica particles via the determination and comparison of interparticle distances and their modeling. Images corresponding to different shear rates were analyzed to identify the coordinates of the particles. These coordinates were further analyzed to calculate the distance among the particles and then their surface-to-surface distance normalized by the particle diameter (H/D). It was found that the population of the particles per unit area of the image and H/D varied with increasing shear rate. The comparison between experimentally measured and theoretically calculated H/D identified that for some particles, the former was shorter than the latter, indicating the unexpected attractions among them against the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory. Then, the modification of previously reported equations for H/D was suggested and confirmed its validity. Assuming pair potential interaction and hydrodynamic interaction were the main non-DLVO interactions, their magnitudes were calculated and confirmed the significance of pH and shear application strength on particle dispersion/coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohazzam Saeed
- Minerals and Metallurgical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Akira Otsuki
- Waste Science & Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Michiel Hermes
- SUPA and School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ali Zain Ul Hassan
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Aziz
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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38
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De La Rosa Á, Ruiz G, Moreno R. Analysis of the Rheological Properties of Natural Hydraulic Lime-Based Suspensions for Sustainable Construction and Heritage Conservation. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:825. [PMID: 38399078 PMCID: PMC10890018 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Natural hydraulic lime (NHL)-based binders play a crucial role in preserving cultural heritage structures, ensuring integrity and longevity. Beyond traditional uses, these binders exhibit potential for integration into both non-structural and structural components, being compatible with innovative manufacturing processes such as digital fabrication. Meticulously designed grouts, with applicability in their fresh and hardened states, are essential for heritage stability. This study explores the relationships between mineral additions, chemical admixtures, and lime for grout formulations, aiming to advance our understanding and inform the optimization of materials for heritage restoration. Key questions include the influence of natural volcanic pozzolan (NVP) and metakaolin (MK) on rheology and the impact of varying ratios of superplasticizer on NHL-based grout's rheological behavior. This systematic evaluation of rheological parameters aims to innovate mix designs, expanding NHL-based binders' applicability in construction and science. Our hypotheses suggest that well-designed lime grout formulations, incorporating NVP and MK, can enhance rheological properties, addressing challenges in sustainable construction and heritage conservation. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing lime-based materials, fostering advancements in heritage restoration, and promoting wider NHL-based binder adoption in diverse construction applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel De La Rosa
- ETS de Ingenieros de Caminos, C. y P., Universidad de Castilla–La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela 2, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (Á.D.L.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Gonzalo Ruiz
- ETS de Ingenieros de Caminos, C. y P., Universidad de Castilla–La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela 2, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (Á.D.L.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Rodrigo Moreno
- Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio (CSIC), C. Kelsen 5, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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39
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Quezada C, Urra M, Mella C, Zúñiga RN, Troncoso E. Plant-Based Oil-in-Water Food Emulsions: Exploring the Influence of Different Formulations on Their Physicochemical Properties. Foods 2024; 13:513. [PMID: 38397490 PMCID: PMC10888144 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The global focus on incorporating natural ingredients into the diet for health improvement encompasses ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) derived from plant sources, such as flaxseed oil. ω-3 PUFAs are susceptible to oxidation, but oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions can serve to protect PUFAs from this phenomenon. This study aimed to create O/W emulsions using flaxseed oil and either soy lecithin or Quillaja saponins, thickened with modified starch, while assessing their physical properties (oil droplet size, ζ-potential, and rheology) and physical stability. Emulsions with different oil concentrations (25% and 30% w/w) and oil-to-surfactant ratio (5:1 and 10:1) were fabricated using high-pressure homogenization (800 bar, five cycles). Moreover, emulsions were thickened with modified starch and their rheological properties were measured. The physical stability of all emulsions was assessed over a 7-day storage period using the TSI (Turbiscan Stability Index). Saponin-stabilized emulsions exhibited smaller droplet diameters (0.11-0.19 µm) compared to lecithin (0.40-1.30 µm), and an increase in surfactant concentration led to a reduction in droplet diameter. Both surfactants generated droplets with a high negative charge (-63 to -72 mV), but lecithin-stabilized emulsions showed greater negative charge, resulting in more intense electrostatic repulsion. Saponin-stabilized emulsions showed higher apparent viscosity (3.9-11.6 mPa·s) when compared to lecithin-stabilized ones (1.19-4.36 mPa·s). The addition of starch significantly increased the apparent viscosity of saponin-stabilized emulsions, rising from 11.6 mPa s to 2117 mPa s. Emulsions stabilized by saponin exhibited higher stability than those stabilized by lecithin. This study confirms that plant-based ingredients, particularly saponins and lecithin, effectively produce stable O/W emulsions with flaxseed oil, offering opportunities for creating natural ingredient-based food emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Quezada
- Doctoral Program in Materials Science and Process Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Matías Urra
- School of Chemistry, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile;
| | - Camila Mella
- Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (C.M.); (R.N.Z.)
| | - Rommy N. Zúñiga
- Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (C.M.); (R.N.Z.)
- Universitary Institute for Research and Technology Development (UIRTD), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago 8940577, Chile
| | - Elizabeth Troncoso
- Universitary Institute for Research and Technology Development (UIRTD), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago 8940577, Chile
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile
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40
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Huang H, Yang W. MXene-Based Micro-Supercapacitors: Ink Rheology, Microelectrode Design and Integrated System. ACS Nano 2024. [PMID: 38307615 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
MXenes have shown great potential for micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) due to the high metallic conductivity, tunable interlayer spacing and intercalation pseudocapacitance. In particular, the negative surface charge and high hydrophilicity of MXenes make them suitable for various solution processing strategies. Nevertheless, a comprehensive review of solution processing of MXene MSCs has not been conducted. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the state-of-the-art of MXene MSCs in terms of ink rheology, microelectrode design and integrated system. The ink formulation and rheological behavior of MXenes for different solution processing strategies, which are essential for high quality printed/coated films, are presented. The effects of MXene and its compounds, 3D electrode structure, and asymmetric design on the electrochemical properties of MXene MSCs are discussed in detail. Equally important, we summarize the integrated system and intelligent applications of MXene MSCs and present the current challenges and prospects for the development of high-performance MXene MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Huang
- Research Institute of Frontier Science, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Weiqing Yang
- Research Institute of Frontier Science, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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41
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Kazemi M, Mirzadeh M, Esmaeili H, Kazemi E, Rafienia M, Poursamar SA. Evaluation of the Morphological Effects of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on the Rheological Properties and Printability of Hydroxyapatite/Polycaprolactone Nanocomposite Inks and Final Scaffold Features. 3D Print Addit Manuf 2024; 11:132-142. [PMID: 38389680 PMCID: PMC10880679 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2021.0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
This study is focused on the importance of nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) particle morphology with the same particle size range on the rheological behavior of polycaprolactone (PCL) composite ink with nHA as a promising candidate for additive manufacturing technologies. Two different physiologic-like nHA morphologies, that is, plate and rod shape, with particles size less than 100 nm were used. nHA powders were well characterized and the printing inks were prepared by adding the different ratios of nHA powders to 50% w/v of PCL solution (nHA/PCL: 35/65, 45/55, 55/45, and 65/35 w/w%). Subsequently, the influence of nHA particle morphology and concentration on the printability and rheological properties of composite inks was investigated. HA nanopowder analysis revealed significant differences in their microstructural properties, which affected remarkably the composite ink printability in several ways. For instance, adding up to 65% w/w of plate-like nHA to the PCL solution was possible, while nanorod HA could not be added above 45% w/w. The printed constructs were successfully fabricated using the extrusion-based printing method and had a porous structure with interconnected pores. Total porosity and surface area increased with nHA content due to the improved fiber stability following deposition of material ink. Consequently, degradation rate and bioactivity increased, while compressive properties decreased. While nanorod HA particles had a more significant impact on the mechanical strength than plate-like morphology, the latter showed less crystalline order, which makes them more bioactive than nanorod HA. It is therefore important to note that the nHA microstructure broadly affects the printability of printing ink and should be considered according to the intended biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansure Kazemi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Motahareh Mirzadeh
- Abtin Teb LLC, Research & Development Department, Pardis Technology Park, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasti Esmaeili
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elahe Kazemi
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rafienia
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Poursamar
- Abtin Teb LLC, Research & Development Department, Pardis Technology Park, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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42
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Maciel MM, Hassani Besheli N, Correia TR, Mano JF, Leeuwenburgh SCG. Encapsulation of pristine and silica-coated human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in gelatin colloidal hydrogels for tissue engineering and bioprinting applications. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300469. [PMID: 38403405 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Colloidal gels assembled from gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) as particulate building blocks show strong promise to solve challenges in cell delivery and biofabrication, such as low cell survival and limited spatial retention. These gels offer evident advantages to facilitate cell encapsulation, but research on this topic is still limited, which hampers our understanding of the relationship between the physicochemical and biological properties of cell-laden colloidal gels. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were successfully encapsulated in gelatin colloidal gels and evaluated their mechanical and biological performance over 7 days. The cells dispersed well within the gels without compromising gel cohesiveness, remained viable, and spread throughout the gels. Cells partially coated with silica were introduced into these gels, which increased their storage moduli and decreased their self-healing capacity after 7 days. This finding demonstrates the ability to modulate gel stiffness by incorporating cells partially coated with silica, without altering the solid content or introducing additional particles. Our work presents an efficient method for cell encapsulation while preserving gel integrity, expanding the applicability of colloidal hydrogels for tissue engineering and bioprinting. Overall, our study contributes to the design of improved cell delivery systems and biofabrication techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta M Maciel
- CEB, Campus de Gualtar, Centre of Biological Engineering University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Negar Hassani Besheli
- Department of Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tiago R Correia
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Complexo de Laboratórios Tecnológicos Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Complexo de Laboratórios Tecnológicos Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
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Reynolds M, Stoy LM, Sun J, Opoku Amponsah PE, Li L, Soto M, Song S. Fabrication of Sodium Trimetaphosphate-Based PEDOT:PSS Conductive Hydrogels. Gels 2024; 10:115. [PMID: 38391444 PMCID: PMC10888113 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels are highly attractive for biomedical applications due to their ability to mimic the electrophysiological environment of biological tissues. Although conducting polymer polythiophene-poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) alone exhibit high conductivity, the addition of other chemical compositions could further improve the electrical and mechanical properties of PEDOT:PSS, providing a more promising interface with biological tissues. Here we study the effects of incorporating crosslinking additives, such as glycerol and sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), in developing interpenetrating PEDOT:PSS-based conductive hydrogels. The addition of glycerol at a low concentration maintained the PEDOT:PSS conductivity with enhanced wettability but decreased the mechanical stiffness. Increasing the concentration of STMP allowed sufficient physical crosslinking with PEDOT:PSS, resulting in improved hydrogel conductivity, wettability, and rheological properties without glycerol. The STMP-based PEDOT:PSS conductive hydrogels also exhibited shear-thinning behaviors, which are potentially favorable for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting applications. We demonstrate an interpenetrating conducting polymer hydrogel with tunable electrical and mechanical properties for cellular interactions and future tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelyn Reynolds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Lindsay M Stoy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Jindi Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | | | - Lin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Misael Soto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Shang Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, Neuroscience GIDP, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
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Chen G, Zhao R, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Guo Z, Zhang G, Wu T, Liu W, Hu H. Rheological properties and microstructure of wheat flour dough systems with enzyme-hydrolyzed mashed potatoes. J Food Sci 2024; 89:941-953. [PMID: 38317415 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The interest in incorporating potatoes into wheat dough is increasing. However, potatoes exhibit significant viscosity during thermal processing, affecting product processing and quality. This study aims to find an effective method to reduce the viscosity of mashed potatoes. We aimed to compare the effects of different enzymes (α-amylase, β-amylase, and flavourzyme) and concentrations (0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.1%) on the micromorphology and rheological properties of mashed potatoes and potato-wheat dough. The impact of flavourzyme was the most significant (p<0.05). When enzyme concentration increased, viscosity decreased, and the degree of structural damage, indicated by increased porosity. Notably, the addition of flavourzyme can increase the content of sweet and umami free amino acids, improving the flavor of mashed potatoes. The scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy images of potato-wheat dough revealed that enzyme-hydrolyzed mashed potatoes had improved homogeneity, reestablished the dough continuity, and strengthened the three-dimensional structure comprising proteins and starch. Notably, flavourzyme demonstrated the most significant effect on enhancing the protein-starch network structure. This was attributed to the exposure of functional groups resulting from protein hydrolysis, facilitating interaction with starch molecules. Our findings indicate that the addition of 0.1% flavourzyme (500 LAPU/g, pH 5.5, 55 ± 2°C, 30 min treated) was the most effective in reducing viscosity and reconstructing the gluten network. Enzymatic hydrolysis plays a vital role in the production of high-quality potato products, with particular importance in the baking industry, where flavourzyme exhibits significant potential. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Enzymatic hydrolysis plays a vital role in the production of high-quality potato products, with particular importance in the baking industry, where flavourzyme exhibits significant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxing Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Integrated Laboratory of Potato Staple Food Processing Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruixuan Zhao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Integrated Laboratory of Potato Staple Food Processing Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Integrated Laboratory of Potato Staple Food Processing Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Qiannan Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Integrated Laboratory of Potato Staple Food Processing Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqian Guo
- Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Guyuan,Ningxia, China
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Guyuan,Ningxia, China
| | - Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Integrated Laboratory of Potato Staple Food Processing Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Honghai Hu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Integrated Laboratory of Potato Staple Food Processing Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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Gümüş T, Altan Kamer DD, Kaynarca GB. Investigating the potential of wine lees as a natural colorant and functional ingredient in jelly production. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:1357-1366. [PMID: 37776325 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of incorporating wine lees (WL), an inexpensive and widely available high-value winery waste product, into gelatin-based jellies to improve their technological and functional properties. We also aimed to evaluate the suitability of WL as a jelly colorant by comparing it with a commercial colorant. RESULTS Wine lees were characterized for their anthocyanin, phenolic, antioxidant, and mineral content. Subsequently, physicochemical, functional, textural, rheological, and thermal analyses were conducted on soft candies containing 21, 14, and 7 g kg-1 WL (labeled as WL30, WL20, and WL10, respectively). The total phenolic, anthocyanin, antioxidant, and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) values of WL30 were determined as 57.80 ± 6.12 mg gallic acid equivalent per kilogram (GAE kg-1 ), 17.58 ± 0.36 mg malvidin-3-glucoside equivalent kg-1 , 0.04 ± 0.01 μg mL-1 , and 45.55 ± 1.00 mmol L-1 Trolox equivalent (TE), respectively. The control sample had the best rheological characteristics, including K', G', and n*, as well as the greatest hardness value, followed by WL30. However, during the storage period, WL30 exhibited superior color stability and retained higher levels of phenolic and anthocyanin components in comparison with the control sample. CONCLUSION Wine lees have the potential to be utilized as a natural colorant and alternative flavoring agent in jelly production. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuncay Gümüş
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Deniz Damla Altan Kamer
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Gülce Bedis Kaynarca
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kirklareli University, Kirklareli, Turkey
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Nikkhou S, Labbafi M, Mousavi ME, Askari G. Properties of OSA-esterified insoluble fraction of Persian gum and its application in dairy cream. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:892-904. [PMID: 37707173 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the present study, the insoluble fraction of Persian gum (IFPG) was modified with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) and its various properties were assessed. In addition, the effect of OSA-IFPG on the rheological and textural properties of dairy cream was investigated. RESULTS Suitable conditions for achieving a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.023 were found at pH 9, IFPG concentration 4 wt%, OSA concentration 10 wt% and a temperature of 40 °C, within 120 min. The carbonyl group attachment in OSA-IFPG was also confirmed via Fourier transform infrared and H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H-NMR). While the X-ray diffraction test indicated no significant changes in the structure of the IFPG after modification with OSA, esterification increased the negative charge density, decreased thermal decomposition temperature and increased the emulsifying capacity to 100%, which was obtained for the first time. The use of OSA-modified IFPG in creams augmented the complex viscosity, loss and storage modulus, while also demonstrating the creation of a pseudo-gel network. The hardness and adhesiveness of the texture increased, which can be explained by the formation of a compact structure and reduced particle size. CONCLUSION Overall, OSA-IFPG with hydrophilic and hydrophobic sections may function as an emulsifier and be recommended as a safe source of hydrocolloids for emulsion stability. It can also provide a positive physical structure when added to dairy cream, even if the fat concentration is lower than usual. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Nikkhou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohsen Labbafi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad E Mousavi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Lee D, Jeong S, Yun S, Lee S. Artificial intelligence-based prediction of the rheological properties of hydrocolloids for plant-based meat analogues. J Sci Food Agric 2024. [PMID: 38284425 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylcellulose has been applied as a primary binding agent to control the quality attributes of plant-based meat analogues. H owever, a great deal of effort has been made to search for hydrocolloids to replace methylcellulose because of increasing awareness of clean labels. In this study, a machine learning framework was proposed in order to describe and predict the flow behavior of six hydrocolloid solutions, and the predicted viscosities were correlated with the textural features of their corresponding plant-based meat analogues. RESULTS Different shear-thinning and Newtonian behaviors were observed depending on the type of hydrocolloid and the shear rate. Methylcellulose exhibited an increasing viscosity pattern with increasing temperature, compared to the other hydrocolloids. The machine learning algorithms (random forest and multilayer perceptron models) showed a better viscosity fitting performance than the constitutive equations (power law and Cross models). In addition, three hyperparameters of the multilayer perceptron model (optimizer, learning rate, and the number of hidden layers) were tuned using the Bayesian optimization algorithm. CONCLUSION The optimized multilayer perceptron model exhibited superior performance in viscosity prediction (R2 = 0.9944-0.9961/RMSE = 0.0545-0.0708). Furthermore, the machine learning-predicted viscosities overall showed similar patterns to the textural parameters of the meat analogues. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayeon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungmin Jeong
- Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suin Yun
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suyong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
- Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
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48
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Choi IS, Kim YK, Hong SH, Seo HJ, Hwang SH, Kim J, Lim SK. Effects of Polybutylene Succinate Content on the Rheological Properties of Polylactic Acid/Polybutylene Succinate Blends and the Characteristics of Their Fibers. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:662. [PMID: 38591561 PMCID: PMC10856723 DOI: 10.3390/ma17030662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene succinate (PBS) are gaining prominence as environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-based polymers due to their inherent biodegradability. For their textile applications, this research is focused on exploring the effects of PBS content on the rheological properties of PLA/PBS blends and the characteristics of PLA/PBS blend fibers. PLA/PBS blends and fibers with varying PBS contents (0 to 10 wt.%) were prepared using melt-blending and spinning methods. Uniform morphologies of the PLA/PBS blends indicated that PBS was compatible with PLA, except at 10% PBS content, where phase separation occurred. The introduction of PBS reduced the complex viscosity of the blends, influencing fiber properties. Notably, PLA/PBS fibers with 7% PBS exhibited improved crystallinity, orientation factor, and elasticity (~16.58%), with a similar tensile strength to PLA fiber (~3.58 MPa). The results suggest that an optimal amount of PBS enhances alignment along the drawing direction and improves the molecular motion in PLA/PBS blend fiber. This study highlights the potential of strategically blending PBS to improve PLA fiber characteristics, promising advancement in textile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik Sung Choi
- International Cooperation Team, Korea Textile Development Institute, Daegu 41842, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Fiber System Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kwang Kim
- Department of Energy Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.K.); (S.H.H.); (H.-J.S.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Seong Hui Hong
- Department of Energy Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.K.); (S.H.H.); (H.-J.S.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Hye-Jin Seo
- Department of Energy Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.K.); (S.H.H.); (H.-J.S.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Sung-Ho Hwang
- Department of Energy Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.K.); (S.H.H.); (H.-J.S.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Jongwon Kim
- Department of Fiber System Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyoo Lim
- Department of Energy Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.K.); (S.H.H.); (H.-J.S.); (S.-H.H.)
- Department of Interdisciplinary Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
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Mu H, Dai T, Huang S, Wu K, Wang M, Tan C, Zhang F, Sheng J, Zhao C. Physical and Chemical Properties, Flavor and Organoleptic Characteristics of a Walnut and Purple Rice Fermented Plant Drink. Foods 2024; 13:400. [PMID: 38338535 PMCID: PMC10855814 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, green and healthy foods have attracted much attention. Plant-based foods have become an alternative to animal-derived foods. In this study, we used walnut and purple rice as the primary raw materials to produce a fermented plant drink. The process included boiling, mixing, grinding, inoculation, fermentation, and sterilization. We then analyzed the similarities and differences between the resulting walnut and purple rice fermented plant drink and an unfermented walnut and purple rice plant drink, as well as dairy-based yoghurt, in terms of physical chemistry, flavor, and sensory characteristics. We also examined the similarities and differences between the walnut and purple rice fermented plant drink and room-temperature yoghurt. The study results revealed that the walnut and purple rice fermented plant drink exhibited greater viscosity than the walnut and purple rice unfermented plant drink and room-temperature yoghurt. Additionally, the former displayed enhanced stability and recovery ability. Notably, distinguishable differences were observed between the three samples in terms of the presence of unknown volatiles and the umami signal, as indicated by electronic nose/tongue and GC-IMS analyses. The umami flavor of the walnut and purple rice fermented plant drink surpasses that of room-temperature yoghurt, while its taste is less salty than that of the walnut and purple rice plant drink. Despite possessing a weaker aroma than dairy-based yogurt, it is more potent than the walnut and purple rice plant drink. Additionally, its relative abundance of olefins, ketones, and alcohols enhances its unique flavor profile, surpassing both other options. Based on sensory analysis, it can be deduced that walnut and purple rice fermented plant drink has the highest overall acceptance rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Mu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (H.M.); (T.D.); (S.H.); (K.W.); (M.W.); (C.T.); (F.Z.)
| | - Tianyi Dai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (H.M.); (T.D.); (S.H.); (K.W.); (M.W.); (C.T.); (F.Z.)
| | - Si Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (H.M.); (T.D.); (S.H.); (K.W.); (M.W.); (C.T.); (F.Z.)
| | - Kuan Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (H.M.); (T.D.); (S.H.); (K.W.); (M.W.); (C.T.); (F.Z.)
| | - Mingming Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (H.M.); (T.D.); (S.H.); (K.W.); (M.W.); (C.T.); (F.Z.)
| | - Chunlei Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (H.M.); (T.D.); (S.H.); (K.W.); (M.W.); (C.T.); (F.Z.)
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (H.M.); (T.D.); (S.H.); (K.W.); (M.W.); (C.T.); (F.Z.)
| | - Jun Sheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (H.M.); (T.D.); (S.H.); (K.W.); (M.W.); (C.T.); (F.Z.)
- Yunnan Plateau Characteristic Agricultural Industry Research Institute, Kunming 650201, China
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Cunchao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (H.M.); (T.D.); (S.H.); (K.W.); (M.W.); (C.T.); (F.Z.)
- Yunnan Plateau Characteristic Agricultural Industry Research Institute, Kunming 650201, China
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Personalized Food Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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Chen J, Zhao H, Li W, Liu H. Combustion Enhancement of Gel Propellant Containing High Concentration Aluminum Particles Based on Carbon Synergistic Effect. Gels 2024; 10:89. [PMID: 38391419 PMCID: PMC10887642 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The addition of aluminum particles to gel propellants can improve combustion performance. However, the agglomeration of aluminum during the combustion process can result in a series of negative effects. In this paper, the aluminum agglomeration inhibition method of gel propellant based on carbon synergistic effect is proposed. Carbon particles exhibit excellent combustion properties, and the gaseous product CO2 generated during combustion can mitigate the agglomeration of aluminum. The research demonstrates that incorporating carbon particles into aluminum-containing gel effectively reduces the incomplete combustion of aluminum particles and increases the volumetric calorific value of the gel. When the mass fraction of carbon is 5 wt%, the volume calorific value of the gel reaches the highest. Meanwhile, the rheological experiments show that the addition of carbon particles can improve the shear-thinning properties of the gel, which is beneficial to the atomization and combustion processes of the gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Chen
- National Energy Coal Gasification Technology Research and Development Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- National Energy Coal Gasification Technology Research and Development Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weifeng Li
- National Energy Coal Gasification Technology Research and Development Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- National Energy Coal Gasification Technology Research and Development Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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