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Creighton G, Oliffe JL, Bottorff J, Johnson J. "I should have …":A Photovoice Study With Women Who Have Lost a Man to Suicide. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:1262-1274. [PMID: 29540102 PMCID: PMC6142137 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318760030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While the gendered nature of suicide has received increased research attention, the experiences of women who have lost a man to suicide are poorly understood. Drawing on qualitative photovoice interviews with 29 women who lost a man to suicide, we completed a narrative analysis, focused on describing the ways that women constructed and accounted for their experiences. We found that women's narratives drew upon feminine ideals of caring for men's health, which in turn gave rise to feelings of guilt over the man's suicide. The women resisted holding men responsible for the suicide and tended to blame themselves, especially when they perceived their efforts to support the man as inadequate. Even when women acknowledged their guilt as illogical, they were seemingly unable to entirely escape regret and self-blame. In order to reformulate and avoid reifying feminine ideals synonymous with selflessly caring for others regardless of the costs to their own well-being, women's postsuicide bereavement support programs should integrate a critical gender approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John L. Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joan Bottorff
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joy Johnson
- Vice President’s Office, Simon, Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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52
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Rice SM, Oliffe JL, Kelly MT, Cormie P, Chambers S, Ogrodniczuk JS, Kealy D. Depression and Prostate Cancer: Examining Comorbidity and Male-Specific Symptoms. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:1864-1872. [PMID: 29957106 PMCID: PMC6199440 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318784395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression in men with prostate cancer is a significant and complex issue that can challenge clinicians’ diagnostic efforts. The objective of the current study was to evaluate prototypic and male-specific depression symptoms and suicidal ideation in men with a diagnosis of prostate cancer relative to those with and without comorbidity. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Male Depression Risk Scale-22 (MDRS-22) were completed online along with demographic and background variables by 100 men with a diagnosis of prostate cancer (n = 54 prostatectomy, n = 33 receiving active treatment). Hierarchical logistic regression was used to examine recent (past 2 weeks) suicide ideation. Over one-third of the sample (38%) reported a comorbidity, and this group had significantly higher total depression scores on the PHQ-9 (Cohen’s d = 0.65), MDRS-22 emotion suppression (d = 0.35), and drug use subscales (d = 0.38) compared to respondents without comorbidity. A total of 14% reported recent suicidal ideation, of which 71.4% of cases were identified by the PHQ-9 “moderate” cut-off, and 85.7% of cases were identified by the MDRS-22 “elevated” cut-off. After control variables, MDRS-22 subscales accounted for 45.1% of variance in recent suicidal ideation. While limited by the exclusive use of self-report data, findings point to the potential benefits of evaluating male-specific symptoms as part of depression and suicide risk screening in men with prostate cancer and the need to be mindful of the heightened risk for depression among men with prostate cancer who have comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Rice
- 1 Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia.,2 Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - John L Oliffe
- 3 School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mary T Kelly
- 3 School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Prue Cormie
- 4 Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,5 Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Suzanne Chambers
- 6 Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,7 Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,8 Health & Wellness Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia.,9 Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Australia.,10 Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John S Ogrodniczuk
- 11 Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David Kealy
- 11 Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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53
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Dognin JS, Chen CK. The secret sorrows of men: impact of Dynamic Interpersonal Therapy on ‘masculine depression’. PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02668734.2018.1458747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna S. Dognin
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Manhattan Campus, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cory K. Chen
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Manhattan Campus, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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54
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Abstract
Internet gaming is a legitimate leisure activity worldwide; however, there are emerging concerns that vast numbers of gamers are becoming addicted. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) classified Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) as a condition warranting more clinical research ahead of formalizing it as a mental disorder. Proposed as a behavioral addiction, IGD shares many similarities in both physical and psychosocial manifestations with substance use disorder, including cerebral changes on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Among the gaming population, compared to females, adolescent and adult males demonstrate far more addictive internet gaming use in terms of screen hours, craving, and negative impacts on health, which have, in isolated incidents, also caused death. The current article draws findings from a scoping review of literature related to IGD as a means to raising awareness about an emergent men's health issue. Included are three themes: (a) unveiling the nature, impacts and symptoms of IGD; (b) conceptualizing IGD through neuroscience; and (c) treatment approaches to IGD. Afforded by these themes is an overview and synthesis of the existing literature regarding IGD as a means of providing direction for much needed research on gaming addiction and orientating primary care providers (PCPs) to the specificities of IGD in men's health. The findings are applied to a discussion of the connections between IGD and masculinity and the importance of recognizing how behaviors such as social isolation and game immersion can be maladaptive coping strategies for males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin H Chen
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mary T Kelly
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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55
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Oliffe JL, Hanberg D, Hannan-Leith MN, Bergen C, Martin RE. "Do You Want to Go Forward or Do You Want to Go Under?" Men's Mental Health in and Out of Prison. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:1235-1246. [PMID: 29577834 PMCID: PMC6142148 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318765923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 11 million people are currently imprisoned worldwide, with the vast majority of incarcerated individuals being male. Hypermasculine environments in prison are often tied to men’s health risks, and gathering information about mental health is fundamental to improving prison as well as community services. The purpose of the current study was to describe the connections between masculinities and men’s mental health among prisoners transitioning into and out of a Canadian federal correctional facility. Two focus groups were conducted with a total of 18 men who had recently been released from a federal correctional facility. The focus group interviews were analyzed to inductively derive patterns pertaining to men’s mental health challenges and resiliencies “on the inside” and “on the outside.” Participant’s challenges in prison related to heightened stresses associated with being incarcerated and the negative impact on preexisting mental illness including imposed changes to treatment regimens. Men’s resiliencies included relinquishing aggression and connecting to learn from other men “on the inside.” Mental health challenges “on the outside” included a lack of work skills and finances which increased the barriers that many men experienced when trying to access community-based mental health services. Mental health resiliencies employed by participants “on the outside” included self-monitoring and management to reduce negative thoughts, avoiding substance use and attaining adequate exercise and sleep. The current study findings offer practice and policy guidance to advance the well-being of this vulnerable subgroup of men in as well as out of prison.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- 1 School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Debra Hanberg
- 2 Collaborating Centre for Prison Health and Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Madeline N Hannan-Leith
- 3 Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cara Bergen
- 2 Collaborating Centre for Prison Health and Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ruth Elwood Martin
- 4 School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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56
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Kivari CA, Oliffe JL, Borgen WA, Westwood MJ. No Man Left Behind: Effectively Engaging Male Military Veterans in Counseling. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:241-251. [PMID: 26846407 PMCID: PMC5818102 DOI: 10.1177/1557988316630538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ex-military men have emerged as a vulnerable subgroup for mental illness amid long-standing trends signaling men's reticence to seek professional help. Less explored is how men engage or disengage when they actually do enter helping programs. Contrasting decades of quantitative research pairing masculine ideology with low help seeking (i.e., describing the problem), this article draws on qualitative data to distill factors that help men become engaged and committed to counseling (i.e., identifying solutions). Shared is an evaluation of a treatment program with high success rates and virtually no dropouts-a unique occurrence in men's counseling. Enhanced Critical Incident Technique data suggest that helping men feel competent and free from judgment in the company of down-to-earth peers and genuine practitioners are instrumental in helping men draw benefit from counseling. While appealing to male gender roles may be critical in recruiting men to counseling, men can transition to embrace virtues (i.e., that might be shared by men and women alike) and universal human needs as counseling progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carson A. Kivari
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John L. Oliffe
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - William A. Borgen
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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57
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Rice SM, Purcell R, McGorry PD. Adolescent and Young Adult Male Mental Health: Transforming System Failures Into Proactive Models of Engagement. J Adolesc Health 2018; 62:S9-S17. [PMID: 29455724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent and young adult men do poorly on indicators of mental health evidenced by elevated rates of suicide, conduct disorder, substance use, and interpersonal violence relative to their female peers. Data on global health burden clearly demonstrate that young men have a markedly distinct health risk profile from young women, underscoring different prevention and intervention needs. Evidence indicates that boys disconnect from health-care services during adolescence, marking the beginning of a progression of health-care disengagement and associated barriers to care, including presenting to services differently, experiencing an inadequate or poorly attuned clinical response, and needing to overcome pervasive societal attitudes and self-stigma to access available services. This review synthesizes key themes related to mental ill health in adolescent boys and in young adult men. Key social determinants are discussed, including mental health literacy, self-stigma and shame, masculinity, nosology and diagnosis, and service acceptability. A call is made for focused development of policy, theory, and evaluation of targeted interventions for this population, including gender-synchronized service model reform and training of staff, including the e-health domain. Such progress is expected to yield significant social and economic benefits, including reduction to mental ill health and interpersonal violence displayed by adolescent boys and young adult men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Rice
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Orygen Youth Health, Northwestern Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Rosemary Purcell
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick D McGorry
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Orygen Youth Health, Northwestern Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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58
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Abstract
Diagnosis and treatment of malignant diseases affect in many ways the lives of patients, relatives and friends. Common reactions immediately after the diagnosis are shock and denial, frequently followed by depression, anxiety and/or anger. About a third of all cancer patients suffer from a co-morbid mental health condition, requiring professional support by the entire medical team, including psycho-oncologists. Often overlooked issues are financial and social problems due to inability to work or due to out-of-pocket costs for the medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Singer
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Straße 69, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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59
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Abstract
Underpinning a general pattern of higher suicide rates in men is the assumption that men do not ask for help or utilize the health-care system during times of psychological distress. There has been a failure to grapple with the dynamic of when, how and from whom men might ask for help during times of psychological distress, and what key barriers or enabling factors are likely to influence potential help-givers’ capacity or willingness to offer help to men in psychological distress. The aim of this study was to investigate how masculine norms impact men’s help-seeking as well as care givers’ behaviors and willingness to support men in need of psychological help or perceived to be at risk of suicide. Focus groups (n = 13) were used with “high-risk suicide” groups of men and community gatekeepers. The principles of grounded theory were used for data analysis. Three themes emerged: “negotiating ways to ask for, offer and accept help without compromising masculinity”; “making and sustaining contact with men in psychological distress”; and “navigating roles responsibilities and boundaries to support men in psychological distress.” Approaches to suicide prevention need to take account of how masculine norms shape men’s willingness to ask for and accept help during times of psychological distress as well as care givers willingness to offer help. The findings address a gap in the literature by looking beyond men’s help-seeking as a passive, one dimensional construct, to a more dynamic triad of help-seeking/giving/taking behaviors that are embedded in the sociocultural context of men’s lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling Keohane
- 1 Institute of Technology Carlow-Science and Health, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Noel Richardson
- 1 Institute of Technology Carlow-Science and Health, Carlow, Ireland
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60
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Creighton G, Oliffe J, Ogrodniczuk J, Frank B. "You've Gotta Be That Tough Crust Exterior Man": Depression and Suicide in Rural-Based Men. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2017; 27:1882-1891. [PMID: 28936927 DOI: 10.1177/1049732317718148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Suicide rates in Canada are highest among rural men. Drawing on photovoice interviews with 13 women and two men living in a small rural Canadian town who lost a man to suicide, we inductively derived three themes to describe how contextual factors influence rural men's experiences of depression and responses to suicidal thoughts: (a) hiding depression and its cause, (b) manly self-medicating, and (c) mobilizing prevention. Further discussed is how gender relations and ideals of masculinity within rural milieu can inhibit men's acknowledgment of and help seeking for mental illness issues. Participants strongly endorsed a multifaceted approach to the destabilization of dominant ideals of masculinity that likely contribute to depression and suicide in rural men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Oliffe
- 1 The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John Ogrodniczuk
- 1 The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Blye Frank
- 1 The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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61
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Seidler ZE, Rice SM, River J, Oliffe JL, Dhillon HM. Men’s Mental Health Services: The Case for a Masculinities Model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1060826517729406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon M. Rice
- The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo River
- The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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62
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Abstract
Though life expectancy sex differences are decreasing in many Western countries, men experience higher mortality rates at all ages. Men are often reluctant to seek medical care because health help-seeking is strongly linked to femininity, male weakness, and vulnerability. Many men are also more likely to access emergency care services in response to injury and/or severe pain instead of engaging primary health care (PHC) services. Nurse practitioners are well positioned to increase men's engagement with PHC to waylay the pressure on emergency services and advance the well-being of men. This article demonstrates how nurse practitioners can work with men in PHC settings to optimize men's self-health and illness prevention and management. Four recommendations are discussed: (1) leveling the hierarchies, (2) talking it through, (3) seeing diversity within patterns, and (4) augmenting face-to-face PHC services. In terms of leveling the hierarchies nurse practitioners can engage men in effectual health decision making. Within the interactions detailed in the talking it through section are strategies for connecting with male patients and mapping their progress. In terms of seeing diversity with in patterns and drawing on the plurality of masculinities, nurse practitioners are encouraged to adapt a variety of age sensitive assessment tools to better intervene and guide men's self-health efforts. Examples of community and web based men's health resources are shared in the augmenting face-to-face PHC services section to guide the work of nurse practitioners. Overall, the information and recommendations shared in this article can proactively direct the efforts of nurse practitioners working with men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina B. Rosu
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John L. Oliffe
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mary T. Kelly
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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63
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Lee C, Oliffe JL, Kelly MT, Ferlatte O. Depression and Suicidality in Gay Men: Implications for Health Care Providers. Am J Mens Health 2017; 11:910-919. [PMID: 28103765 PMCID: PMC5675322 DOI: 10.1177/1557988316685492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gay men are a subgroup vulnerable to depression and suicidality. The prevalence of depression among gay men is three times higher than the general adult population. Because depression is a known risk factor for suicide, gay men are also at high risk for suicidality. Despite the high prevalence of depression and suicidality, health researchers and health care providers have tended to focus on sexual health issues, most often human immunodeficiency virus in gay men. Related to this, gay men's health has often been defined by sexual practices, and poorly understood are the intersections of gay men's physical and mental health with social determinants of health including ethnicity, locale, education level, and socioeconomic status. In the current article summated is literature addressing risk factors for depression and suicidality among gay men including family acceptance of their sexual identities, social cohesion and belonging, internalized stigma, and victimization. Barriers to gay men's help seeking are also discussed in detailing how health care providers might advance the well-being of this underserved subgroup by effectively addressing depression and suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Lee
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John L. Oliffe
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mary T. Kelly
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Olivier Ferlatte
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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64
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Milner A, Maheen H, Currier D, LaMontagne AD. Male suicide among construction workers in Australia: a qualitative analysis of the major stressors precipitating death. BMC Public Health 2017. [PMID: 28629352 PMCID: PMC5477155 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Suicide rates among those employed in male-dominated professions such as construction are elevated compared to other occupational groups. Thus far, past research has been mainly quantitative and has been unable to identify the complex range of risk and protective factors that surround these suicides. Methods We used a national coronial database to qualitatively study work and non-work related influences on male suicide occurring in construction workers in Australia. We randomly selected 34 cases according to specific sampling framework. Thematic analysis was used to develop a coding structure on the basis of pre-existing theories in job stress research. Results The following themes were established on the basis of mutual consensus: mental health issues prior to death, transient working experiences (i.e., the inability to obtain steady employment), workplace injury and chronic illness, work colleagues as a source of social support, financial and legal problems, relationship breakdown and child custody issues, and substance abuse. Conclusion Work and non-work factors were often interrelated pressures prior to death. Suicide prevention for construction workers needs to take a systematic approach, addressing work-level factors as well as helping those at-risk of suicide Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4500-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Milner
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. .,Deakin Population Health Strategic Research Centre, School of Health & Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Humaira Maheen
- Deakin Population Health Strategic Research Centre, School of Health & Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Dianne Currier
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony D LaMontagne
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Deakin Population Health Strategic Research Centre, School of Health & Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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65
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Haroz EE, Ritchey M, Bass JK, Kohrt BA, Augustinavicius J, Michalopoulos L, Burkey MD, Bolton P. How is depression experienced around the world? A systematic review of qualitative literature. Soc Sci Med 2017; 183:151-162. [PMID: 28069271 PMCID: PMC5488686 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To date global research on depression has used assessment tools based on research and clinical experience drawn from Western populations (i.e., in North American, European and Australian). There may be features of depression in non-Western populations which are not captured in current diagnostic criteria or measurement tools, as well as criteria for depression that are not relevant in other regions. We investigated this possibility through a systematic review of qualitative studies of depression worldwide. Nine online databases were searched for records that used qualitative methods to study depression. Initial searches were conducted between August 2012 and December 2012; an updated search was repeated in June of 2015 to include relevant literature published between December 30, 2012 and May 30, 2015. No date limits were set for inclusion of articles. A total of 16,130 records were identified and 138 met full inclusion criteria. Included studies were published between 1976 and 2015. These 138 studies represented data on 170 different study populations (some reported on multiple samples) and 77 different nationalities/ethnicities. Variation in results by geographical region, gender, and study context were examined to determine the consistency of descriptions across populations. Fisher's exact tests were used to compare frequencies of features across region, gender and context. Seven of the 15 features with the highest relative frequency form part of the DSM-5 diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, many of the other features with relatively high frequencies across the studies are associated features in the DSM, but are not prioritized as diagnostic criteria and therefore not included in standard instruments. The DSM-5 diagnostic criteria of problems with concentration and psychomotor agitation or slowing were infrequently mentioned. This research suggests that the DSM model and standard instruments currently based on the DSM may not adequately reflect the experience of depression at the worldwide or regional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Haroz
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
| | - M Ritchey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - J K Bass
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - B A Kohrt
- Duke University, Duke Global Health Institute & Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - J Augustinavicius
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - L Michalopoulos
- School of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, United States
| | - M D Burkey
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - P Bolton
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
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66
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Braedley S, Owusu P, Przednowek A, Armstrong P. We’re told, ‘Suck it up’: Long-Term Care Workers’ Psychological Health and Safety. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12126-017-9288-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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67
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Fisher SD. Paternal Mental Health: Why Is It Relevant? Am J Lifestyle Med 2017; 11:200-211. [PMID: 30202331 PMCID: PMC6125083 DOI: 10.1177/1559827616629895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Father's mental health is an emerging area of interest that is beginning to be recognized in research, and to a lesser extent in clinical practice and society. Fathers are part of a parenting dyad with 2 partners who are responsible for their children's emotional development. Similar to mothers, the risk for mental health problems increases once a male becomes a father, but there is limited research examining this issue. The purpose of this review is to present the available literature on father's mental health and its effect on child emotional health through various mechanisms. In general, father's mental health was found to be related to increased child internalizing and externalizing behaviors, but each disorder had different risk factors, and a unique effect on parenting behaviors and the child's emotional health. The most developed paternal mental health literature is focused on depression. However, key conceptual and methodological problems exist that may limit our understanding of paternal depression. Additionally, the focus on paternal depression may not accurately represent the largest risk for paternal psychopathology and the resultant child mental health outcomes because men have an increased likelihood of displaying externalizing behaviors. Implications for research, clinical practice, and policy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheehan D. Fisher
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Machlin A, King K, Spittal M, Pirkis J. Preliminary evidence for the role of newsprint media in encouraging males to make contact with helplines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH PROMOTION 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2017.1307774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bauermeister JA, Connochie D, Jadwin-Cakmak L, Meanley S. Gender Policing During Childhood and the Psychological Well-Being of Young Adult Sexual Minority Men in the United States. Am J Mens Health 2016; 11:693-701. [PMID: 27903954 PMCID: PMC5393921 DOI: 10.1177/1557988316680938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hegemonic masculinities (i.e., sets of socially accepted masculine behaviors and beliefs within a given time and culture) may affect the well-being of sexual minority men, yet quantitative relationships between these masculinities and well-being remain largely unexplored. Using data from a national cross-sectional survey of young sexual minority men ( N = 1,484; ages 18-24 years), the current study examined the relationship between parental gender policing during childhood and adolescence and subsequent substance use and psychological distress. Over one third of the sample (37.8%) reported their parent(s) or the person(s) who raised them had policed their gender, including the use of disciplinary actions. Using multivariable regression, this study examined the relationship between parental gender policing and psychological well-being and substance use, after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, and current student status. Gender policing during childhood and adolescence was associated with recent substance use behaviors and psychological distress in multivariable models. A linear association between substance use behaviors and psychological distress and the number of disciplinary actions experienced during childhood and adolescence was also observed. Parents' attempts to police their sons' gender expression were associated with markers of distress among young sexual minority men. The relationship between parental gender policing during childhood and adolescence and distress among young sexual minority men are discussed.
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Daumler D, Chan P, Lo KC, Takefman J, Zelkowitz P. Men's knowledge of their own fertility: a population-based survey examining the awareness of factors that are associated with male infertility. Hum Reprod 2016; 31:2781-2790. [PMID: 27816924 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How knowledgeable are men about the medical, environmental and psychological factors that are associated with male infertility? SUMMARY ANSWER Men, across most demographic groups, have limited knowledge of the various factors that are associated with male infertility. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Few surveys have focused on men's knowledge of their own fertility. Studies of both men and women have found that men are comparatively less knowledgeable about issues of fertility and reproductive health. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A regionally representative sample of Canadian men completed a web-based survey of male fertility and reproductive health, over a 2-month period in 2015. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Men, aged 18-50 years, were recruited for the study. There were 701 male participants, with a mean age of 34.1 years. Each participant was asked to identify factors associated with male infertility; fertility knowledge was assessed through two open-ended questions and a comprehensive list of risk factors and attendant health issues. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Men were only able to identify 51% of the risk factors and 45% of the health issues associated with male infertility. Men were most aware of the modifiable risk factors for infertility (e.g. sexually transmitted infections, smoking cigarettes), relative to their knowledge of fixed risk factors (e.g. delayed puberty, size of testicles) and the attendant health issues (e.g. cardiovascular disease, diabetes). The overall level of fertility knowledge did not vary by most demographic characteristics (e.g. age, education, employment, income), though men from ethnic minority groups displayed moderately greater awareness. Additionally, younger men, those with lower incomes and those who had no desire to have future biological children were more likely to identify themselves as unaware of associations with infertility in the open-ended questions. Self-reported knowledge was significantly associated with higher overall knowledge scores. More than half of the sample expressed an interest in obtaining information about male fertility and reproductive health, with the majority of these men indicating that medical professionals and online sources were their preferred methods for receiving information. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Participants were self-selected and required to have Internet access in order to participate. This may affect the generalizability of results. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Previous studies of fertility knowledge have either omitted men from their samples or when men have been included, they were asked about general fertility or women's fertility. This is the first large-scale survey that focuses solely on men's knowledge of male fertility. Insight into the areas where men's knowledge may be lacking can inform strategies for disseminating fertility-related information and improving men's fertility awareness. Public health initiatives should tailor campaigns to educate men about the lesser known associations with male infertility, particularly those that are most prevalent and preventable through lifestyle modification. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS The study was funded by a grant from CIHR TE1-138296. No competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Daumler
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 4333 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H3T 1E4, Canada
| | - P Chan
- Department of Urology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 1001 Décarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - K C Lo
- Department of Urology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 60 Murray Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - J Takefman
- McGill Reproductive Centre, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 888 de Maisonneuve Boulevard East, Suite 200, Montreal, QC H2L 4S8, Canada
| | - P Zelkowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 4333 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H3T 1E4, Canada .,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Ludmer Research and Training Building, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
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71
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Robins S, Barr HJ, Idelson R, Lambert S, Zelkowitz P. Online Health Information Regarding Male Infertility: An Evaluation of Readability, Suitability, and Quality. Interact J Med Res 2016; 5:e25. [PMID: 27769954 PMCID: PMC5097174 DOI: 10.2196/ijmr.6440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many men lack knowledge about male infertility, and this may have consequences for their reproductive and general health. Men may prefer to seek health information online, but these sources of information vary in quality. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to determine if online sources of information regarding male infertility are readable, suitable, and of appropriate quality for Internet users in the general population. METHODS This study used a cross-sectional design to evaluate online sources resulting from search engine queries. The following categories of websites were considered: (1) Canadian fertility clinics, (2) North American organizations related to fertility, and (3) the first 20 results of Google searches using the terms "male infertility" and "male fertility preservation" set to the search locations worldwide, English Canada, and French Canada. Websites that met inclusion criteria (N=85) were assessed using readability indices, the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM), and the DISCERN tool. The associations between website affiliation (government, university/medical, non-profit organization, commercial/corporate, private practice) and Google placement to readability, suitability, and quality were also examined. RESULTS None of the sampled websites met recommended levels of readability. Across all websites, the mean SAM score for suitability was 45.37% (SD 11.21), or "adequate", while the DISCERN mean score for quality was 43.19 (SD 10.46) or "fair". Websites that placed higher in Google obtained a higher overall score for quality with an r (58) value of -.328 and a P value of .012, but this position was not related to readability or suitability. In addition, 20% of fertility clinic websites did not include fertility information for men. CONCLUSIONS There is a lack of high quality online sources of information on male fertility. Many websites target their information to women, or fail to meet established readability criteria for the general population. Since men may prefer to seek health information online, it is important that health care professionals develop high quality sources of information on male fertility for the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Robins
- Jewish General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Richard J, Badillo-Amberg I, Zelkowitz P. "So Much of This Story Could Be Me": Men's Use of Support in Online Infertility Discussion Boards. Am J Mens Health 2016; 11:663-673. [PMID: 27702886 PMCID: PMC5675237 DOI: 10.1177/1557988316671460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Past research has suggested that social support can reduce the negative psychological consequences associated with infertility. Online discussion boards (ODBs) appear to be a novel and valuable venue for men with fertility problems to acquire support from similar others. Research has not employed a social support framework to classify the types of support men are offered and receive. Using template, content, and thematic analysis, this study sought to identify what types of social support men seek and receive on online infertility discussion boards while exploring how men having fertility problems use appraisal support to assist other men. One hundred and ninety-nine unique users were identified on two online infertility discussion boards. Four types of social support (appraisal, emotional, informational, and instrumental) were evident on ODBs, with appraisal support (36%) being used most often to support other men. Within appraisal support, five themes were identified that showed how men communicate this type of support to assist other men: “At the end of the day, we’re all emotionally exhausted”; “So much of this could be me, infertility happens more than you think”; “I’ve also felt like the worst husband in the world”; “It’s just something that nobody ever talks about so it’s really shocking to hear”; “I say this as a man, you’re typing my thoughts exactly.” These findings confirm how ODBs can be used as a potential medium to expand one’s social network and acquire support from people who have had a similar experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie Richard
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Phyllis Zelkowitz
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,2 Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,3 Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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73
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Seidler ZE, Dawes AJ, Rice SM, Oliffe JL, Dhillon HM. The role of masculinity in men's help-seeking for depression: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev 2016; 49:106-118. [PMID: 27664823 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Conformity to traditional masculine gender norms may deter men's help-seeking and/or impact the services men engage. Despite proliferating research, current evidence has not been evaluated systematically. This review summarises findings related to the role of masculinity on men's help-seeking for depression. METHOD Six electronic databases were searched using terms related to masculinity, depression and help-seeking. Titles and abstracts were reviewed and data systematically extracted and examined for methodological quality. RESULTS Of 1927 citations identified, 37 met inclusion criteria. Seventeen (46%) studies reported qualitative research; eighteen (49%) employed quantitative methods, and two (5%) mixed methods. Findings suggest conformity to traditional masculine norms has a threefold effect on men experiencing depression, impacting: i) their symptoms and expression of symptoms; ii) their attitudes to, intention, and, actual help-seeking behaviour; and, iii) their symptom management. CONCLUSION Results demonstrate the problematic impact of conformity to traditional masculine norms on the way men experience and seek help for depression. Tailoring and targeting clinical interventions may increase men's service uptake and the efficacy of treatments. Future research examining factors associated with men's access to, and engagement with depression care will be critical to increasing help-seeking, treatment uptake, and effectual self-management among men experiencing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zac E Seidler
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Level 6 (North), 119-143 Missenden Rd, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Alexei J Dawes
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Simon M Rice
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Haryana M Dhillon
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making, The University of Sydney, Australia.
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74
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Genre, travail et vieillissement. Can J Aging 2016; 35:412-9. [DOI: 10.1017/s0714980816000428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Stergiou-Kita M, Mansfield E, Colantonio A, Moody J, Mantis S. What’s gender got to do with it? Examining masculinities, health and safety and return to work in male dominated skilled trades. Work 2016; 54:721-33. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-162322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Stergiou-Kita
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Work & Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Angela Colantonio
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Steve Mantis
- Ontario Network of Injured Workers Groups (ONIWG), ON, Canada
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76
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77
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Kotliar DM. Depression Narratives in Blogs: A Collaborative Quest for Coherence. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2016; 26:1203-1215. [PMID: 26531881 DOI: 10.1177/1049732315612715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
People with depression often suffer from severe social seclusion, and the lack of an agreed upon etiology for depression makes it difficult to satisfactorily narrate and "ritually control" it. Focusing on blogs by women with major depression, I delineate the ways in which bloggers publicly express and collaboratively reconstruct their depression narratives. Specifically, using thematic analysis, I argue that depression blogs uniquely bridge between the seclusion that characterizes depression and the exposure offered in blogs, and thus offer people a rare opportunity to publicly share very intimate depression narratives, form communal bonds with their readers, and collaboratively revise their narratives. Depression blogs are also shown to function as "narrative sandboxes"-protected spaces in which bloggers can temporarily and experimentally add or remove different sections from their illness narratives, assess the compatibility of different cultural frameworks, and interchangeably use various metaphors, in an attempt to satisfactorily explain depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan M Kotliar
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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78
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Colantonio A. Sex, Gender, and Traumatic Brain Injury: A Commentary. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 97:S1-4. [PMID: 26804988 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this supplemental issue is to address major knowledge, research, and clinical practice gaps regarding the limited focus on brain injury in girls and women as well as limited analysis of the effect of sex and gender in research on acquired brain injury. Integrating sex and gender in research is recognized as leading to better science and, ultimately, to better clinical practice. A sex and gender analytical approach to rehabilitation research is crucial to understanding traumatic brain injury and improving quality of life outcomes for survivors. Put another way, the lack of focus on sex and gender reduces the rigor of research design, the generalizability of study findings, and the effectiveness of clinical implementation and knowledge dissemination practices. The articles in this supplement examine sex and gender using a variety of methodological approaches and research contexts. Recommendations for future research on acquired brain injury that consciously incorporates sex and gender are made throughout this issue. This supplement is a product of the Girls and Women with ABI Task Force of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Colantonio
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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79
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Oliffe JL, Hannan-Leith MN, Ogrodniczuk JS, Black N, Mackenzie CS, Lohan M, Creighton G. Men's depression and suicide literacy: a nationally representative Canadian survey. J Ment Health 2016; 25:520-526. [PMID: 27128307 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2016.1177770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male suicide prevention strategies include diagnosis and effective management of men's depression. Fundamental to suicide prevention efforts is public awareness, which in turn, is influenced by literacy levels about men's depression and suicide. AIM The aim of this study is to examine sex differences in mental health literacy with respect to men's depression and suicide among a cohort of Canadian respondents. METHODS About 901 English-speaking Canadian men and women completed online survey questionnaires to evaluate mental health literacy levels using 10-item D-Lit and 8-item LOSS questionnaires, which assess factual knowledge concerning men's depression and suicide. Statistical tests (Chi-square, z-test) were used to identify significant differences between sex sub-groups at 95% confidence. RESULTS Overall, respondents correctly identified 67% of questions measuring literacy levels about male depression. Respondents' male suicide literacy was significantly poorer at 53.7%. Misperceptions were especially evident in terms of differentiating men's depressive symptoms from other mental illnesses, estimating prevalence and identifying factors linked to male suicide. Significant sex differences highlighted that females had higher literacy levels than men in regard to male depression. CONCLUSIONS Implementing gender sensitive and specific programs to target and advance literacy levels about men's depression may be key to ultimately reducing depression and suicide among men in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- a School of Nursing, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Madeline N Hannan-Leith
- b Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology , and Special Education, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - John S Ogrodniczuk
- c Department of Psychiatry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Nick Black
- d Intensions Consulting , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Corey S Mackenzie
- e Department of Psychology , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | - Maria Lohan
- f School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University , Belfast , Ireland , and
| | - Genevieve Creighton
- g Department of Pediatrics , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
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Oliffe JL, Ogrodniczuk JS, Gordon SJ, Creighton G, Kelly MT, Black N, Mackenzie C. Stigma in Male Depression and Suicide: A Canadian Sex Comparison Study. Community Ment Health J 2016; 52:302-10. [PMID: 26733336 PMCID: PMC4805721 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-015-9986-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Stigma in men's depression and suicide can restrict help-seeking, reduce treatment compliance and deter individuals from confiding in friends and family. In this article we report sex comparison findings from a national survey of English-speaking adult Canadians about stigmatized beliefs concerning male depression and suicide. Among respondents without direct experience of depression or suicide (n = 541) more than a third endorsed the view that men with depression are unpredictable. Overall, a greater proportion of males endorsed stigmatizing views about male depression compared to female respondents. A greater proportion of female respondents endorsed items indicating that men who suicide are disconnected, lost and lonely. Male and female respondents with direct personal experience of depression or suicide (n = 360) strongly endorsed stigmatizing attitudes toward themselves and a greater proportion of male respondents indicated that they would be embarrassed about seeking help for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, 109 - 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - John S Ogrodniczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, #420, 5950 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Susan J Gordon
- School of Health Sciences, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Genevieve Creighton
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Mary T Kelly
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Nick Black
- Intensions Consulting Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Corey Mackenzie
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, P516 Duff Roblin Bldg, 190 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
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Creighton GM, Oliffe JL, Lohan M, Ogrodniczuk JS, Palm E. "Things I did not know": Retrospectives on a Canadian rural male youth suicide using an instrumental photovoice case study. Health (London) 2016; 21:616-632. [PMID: 26979983 PMCID: PMC5639980 DOI: 10.1177/1363459316638542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In Canada, it is young, rural-based men who are at the greatest risk of suicide. While there is no consensus on the reasons for this, evidence points to contextual social factors including isolation, lack of confidential services, and pressure to uphold restrictive norms of rural masculinity. In this article, we share findings drawn from an instrumental photovoice case study to distil factors contributing to the suicide of a young, Canadian, rural-based man. Integrating photovoice methods and in-depth qualitative, we conducted interviews with seven family members and close friends of the deceased. The interviews and image data were analyzed using constant comparative methods to discern themes related to participants' reflections on and perceptions about rural male suicide. Three inductively derived themes, "Missing the signs," "Living up to his public image," and "Down in Rural Canada," reflect the challenges that survivors and young rural men can experience in attempting to be comply with restrictive dominant ideals of masculinity. We conclude that community-based suicide prevention efforts would benefit from gender-sensitive and place-specific approaches to advancing men's mental health by making tangibly available and affirming an array of masculinities to foster the well-being of young, rural-based men.
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82
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Cheshire A, Peters D, Ridge D. How do we improve men's mental health via primary care? An evaluation of the Atlas Men's Well-being Pilot Programme for stressed/distressed men. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2016; 17:13. [PMID: 26831720 PMCID: PMC4736718 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-016-0410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over three-quarters of all suicides are men (England and Wales), this is despite higher levels of anxiety and depression being reported by women. This disparity may in part be explained by atypical presentations of distress in men, and gendered issues around help-seeking. Consequently, the Atlas Men's Well-being Programme was designed to engage stressed/distressed men who were patients at a London-based GP surgery. Atlas encouraged GPs to identify and refer men for counselling and/or acupuncture by raising their awareness of men's distress. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate Atlas in terms of patients' characteristics, service utilisation, patient outcomes and cost implications. METHODS All patients using the Programme were asked to complete a questionnaire before and after their Atlas sessions. Outcome measures included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, a 11-point scale measuring physical health, and the Psychological Outcome Profiles (PSYCHLOPS), a patient-generated outcome measure. Additionally, for cost calculations, participants were asked about their employment, number of days off work due to illness, and their health and social care service use. RESULTS 102 participants were recruited, 82 completed pre- and post-treatment questionnaires. Comparisons pre- and post-treatment revealed a statistically significant improvement in anxious mood (p <0.001), perceived stress (p < 0.001), positive well-being (p = <0.001), PSYCHLOPS (p = <0.001) and physical health (p = 0.001), though not depressed mood (p = 0.660). Additionally, reductions in costs related to lost employment and health and social care use, exceeded the cost of Atlas counselling and acupuncture sessions, with an average saving of nearly £700 per patient. CONCLUSIONS Atlas attendance was associated with improvements in patients' mental and physical health, and demonstrated likely cost savings. It is now important to understand patient and stakeholder perspectives. Further research could compare usual care with the Atlas approach, and investigate full cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cheshire
- Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
| | - David Peters
- Westminster Centre for Resilience, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
| | - Damien Ridge
- Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
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Creighton G, Oliffe J, Matthews J, Saewyc E. "Dulling the Edges": Young Men's Use of Alcohol to Deal With Grief Following the Death of a Male Friend. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2016; 43:54-60. [PMID: 26202615 PMCID: PMC4769071 DOI: 10.1177/1090198115596164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The death of a male friend can be challenging for men because expressions of grief can be governed and restrained by dominant ideals of masculinity. It is common for young men to engage in health risk practices, such as alcohol overuse, to deal with feelings of sadness. OBJECTIVE This qualitative study investigated the ways that young men use alcohol in the process of grieving the accidental death of a male friend. METHOD Participants included 35 men 19 to 25 years old and 22 men 26 to 35 years old who participated in individual semistructured interviews between 2010 and 2012. RESULTS Methodology informed by grounded theory and narrative analysis was used to analyse and interpret the transcribed interviews, focusing on the ways that men used alcohol in the grief process. Through data analysis we inductively derived three themes: (1) Using Alcohol to Dull the Pain, (2) Using Alcohol to Purge Sadness, and (3) Troubled Drinking. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence to show that men's binge drinking following tragic loss is a means to express emotion and connect with others. Health interventions for young men who have lost a male peer need to be sensitive to gendered norms that inform grief practices and work with them to discern pathways toward recovery that promote long-term wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Oliffe
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer Matthews
- BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Saewyc
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Abstract
The discordant relationship between men's low rates of diagnosed depression and high male suicide rates continues to prevail in North America. NPs are in a unique position to prevent suicide through recognizing and addressing the gendered nature of men's depression.
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Walther A, Rice T, Kufert Y, Ehlert U. Neuroendocrinology of a Male-Specific Pattern for Depression Linked to Alcohol Use Disorder and Suicidal Behavior. Front Psychiatry 2016; 7:206. [PMID: 28096796 PMCID: PMC5206577 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show low rates of diagnosed depression in men compared to women. At the same time, high rates of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and completed suicide are found among men. These data suggest that a male-specific pattern for depression may exist that is linked to AUDs and suicidal behavior. To date, no underlying neuroendocrine model for this specific pattern of male depression has been suggested. In this paper, we integrate findings related to this specific pattern of depression with underlying steroid secretion patterns, polymorphisms, and methylation profiles of key genes in order to detail an original neuroendocrine model of male-specific depression. Low circulating levels of sex steroids seem to increase the vulnerability for male depression, while concomitant high levels of glucocorticoids further intensify this vulnerability. Interactions of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis-related hormones seem to be highly relevant for a male-specific pattern of depression linked to AUDs and suicidal behavior. Moreover, genetic variants and the epigenetic profiles of the androgen receptor gene, well-known depression related genes, and HPA axis-related genes were shown to further interact with men's steroid secretion and thus may further contribute to the proposed male-specific pattern for depression. This mini-review points out the multilevel interactions between the HPG and HPA axis for a male-specific pattern of depression linked to AUDs and suicidal behavior. An integration of multilevel interactions within the three-hit concept of vulnerability and resilience concludes the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Walther
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Timothy Rice
- Department of Psychiatry - Child and Adolescent Inpatient Service, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY , USA
| | - Yael Kufert
- Department of Psychiatry - Child and Adolescent Inpatient Service, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY , USA
| | - Ulrike Ehlert
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
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86
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Moss-Racusin CA, Miller HG. “Taking charge” of stigma: Treatment seeking alleviates mental illness stigma targeting men. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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87
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Ulbricht CM, Dumenci L, Rothschild AJ, Lapane KL. Changes in Depression Subtypes Among Men in STAR*D: A Latent Transition Analysis. Am J Mens Health 2015; 12:5-13. [PMID: 26438468 DOI: 10.1177/1557988315607297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of depression in men is high. Current diagnostic criteria may not fully capture men's experience with depression. Descriptions of the heterogeneity in depression among men are lacking. The purpose of the study was to characterize latent subtypes of major depression and changes in these subtypes among men receiving citalopram in Level 1 of the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) trial. Latent transition analysis was applied to data from 387 men who completed baseline and Week 12 study visits in Level 1 of STAR*D. Items from the self-report version of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology were used as indicators of latent depression subtypes. Four statuses were identified at baseline and Week 12. Baseline statuses were Mild (10% of men), Moderate (53%), Severe with Psychomotor Slowing (20%), and Severe with Psychomotor Agitation (17%). At Week 12, the statuses were Symptom Resolution (41%), Mild (36%), Moderate (18%), and Severe with Psychomotor Slowing (5%). Men in the Mild status were most likely to transition to Symptom Resolution (probability = 69%). Men in the Severe with Agitation status were least likely to transition to Symptom Resolution (probability = 0%). This work highlights the need to not focus solely on summary rating scores but to also consider patterns of symptoms when treating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Levent Dumenci
- 2 Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anthony J Rothschild
- 1 University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,3 UMassMemorial HealthCare, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Kate L Lapane
- 1 University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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88
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Sex-specific regulation of NUCB2/nesfatin-1: Differential implication in anxiety in obese men and women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2015; 60:130-7. [PMID: 26143537 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nesfatin-1 is cleaved from nucleobindin2 (NUCB2) and implicated in the regulation of hunger and satiety as anorexigenic peptide hormone. Circulating NUCB2/nesfatin-1 is elevated in obesity and decreased in anorexia nervosa. In addition, a role in the regulation of stress, anxiety and depression has been demonstrated. First evidence suggested that NUCB2/nesfatin-1 might be regulated in a sex-specific manner. Thus, we investigated NUCB2/nesfatin-1 plasma levels in association with perceived stress, anxiety and depressiveness in obese men and women. We enrolled 140 inpatients (87 female, 53 male; body mass index, BMI, 30.3-81.7 kg/m(2)) hospitalized due to obesity with mental and somatic comorbidities. Perceived stress (PSQ-20), anxiety (GAD-7), and depressiveness (PHQ-9) were measured psychometrically, and at the same time NUCB2/nesfatin-1 plasma levels by ELISA. Males and females did not differ in terms of age and BMI. NUCB2/nesfatin-1 did not show a correlation with age or BMI. Mean NUCB2/nesfatin-1 levels (+25%, p<0.001) as well as mean scores for perceived stress (+26%, p < 0.01), anxiety (+54%, p < 0.001) and depressiveness (+32%, p = 0.02) were higher in females compared to males. Scores for perceived stress (r = 0.39; p < 0.001) and depressiveness (r = 0.35; p < 0.01) showed a positive correlation with NUCB2/nesfatin-1 in women, while in men no correlation was observed (p>0.19). The strongest association was observed between NUCB2/nesfatin-1 and anxiety with a positive correlation in women (r = 0.54; p < 0.001), while in men even an inverse correlation was found (r = -0.32; p = 0.03). This result was reflected in higher NUCB2/nesfatin-1 levels in women with high versus low anxiety (+51%, p<0.001) and an opposite alteration in men (-17%, p = 0.04) after a median split into two groups with high and low anxiety. In conclusion, circulating NUCB2/nesfatin-1 showed a positive correlation with anxiety, perceived stress, and depressiveness in obese women. In men, no correlation with perceived stress and depressiveness was observed, whereas the association with anxiety was inverse, pointing towards a sex-specific regulation. These results corroborate the suggestion of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 being relevantly involved in the regulation of mood and stress in a sex-specific way.
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89
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Werbart Törnblom A, Werbart A, Rydelius PA. Shame and Gender Differences in Paths to Youth Suicide: Parents' Perspective. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2015; 25:1099-1116. [PMID: 25810465 DOI: 10.1177/1049732315578402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Risk factors, suicidal behavior, and help-seeking patterns differ between young women and men. We constructed a generic conceptual model of the processes underlying youth suicide, grounded in 78 interviews with parents in 52 consecutive cases of suicide (19 women, 33 men) identified at forensic medical autopsy and compared by sex. We found different forms of shame hidden behind gender-specific masks, as well as gender differences in their paths to suicide. Several interacting factors formed negative feedback loops. Finding no way out, the young persons looked for an "emergency exit." Signs and preparations could be observed at different times but recognized only in retrospect. Typically, the young persons and their parents asked for professional help but did not receive the help they needed. We discuss parents' experiences from the theoretical perspective on gender identity and developmental breakdown. Giving voice to the parents' tacit knowledge can contribute to better prevention and treatment.
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90
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Player MJ, Proudfoot J, Fogarty A, Whittle E, Spurrier M, Shand F, Christensen H, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Wilhelm K. What Interrupts Suicide Attempts in Men: A Qualitative Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128180. [PMID: 26090794 PMCID: PMC4474962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite higher rates of suicide in men, there is a dearth of research examining the perspectives and experiences of males at risk of suicide, particularly in terms of understanding how interventions can be tailored to men’s specific needs. The current study aimed to examine factors assisting, complicating or inhibiting interventions for men at risk, as well as outlining the roles of family, friends and others in male suicide prevention. Thirty-five male suicide survivors completed one-to-one interviews, and forty-seven family and friends of male suicide survivors participated in eight focus groups. Thematic analysis revealed five major themes: (1) development of suicidal behaviours tends to follow a common path associated with specific types of risk factors (disrupted mood, unhelpful stoic beliefs and values, avoidant coping strategies, stressors), (2) men at risk of suicide tend to systematically misinterpret changes in their behaviour and thinking, (3) understanding mood and behavioural changes in men enables identification of opportunities to interrupt suicide progression, (4) distraction, provision of practical and emotional supports, along with professional intervention may effectively interrupt acute risk of harm, and (5) suicidal ideation may be reduced through provision of practical help to manage crises, and helping men to focus on obligations and their role within families. Findings suggest that interventions for men at risk of suicidal behaviours need to be tailored to specific risk indicators, developmental factors, care needs and individuals’ preferences. To our knowledge this is the first qualitative study to explore the experiences of both suicidal men and their family/friends after a suicide attempt, with the view to improve understanding of the processes which are effective in interrupting suicide and better inform interventions for men at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Player
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Suicide Prevention, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Judy Proudfoot
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Suicide Prevention, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrea Fogarty
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Suicide Prevention, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Erin Whittle
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Suicide Prevention, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Spurrier
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Suicide Prevention, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fiona Shand
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Suicide Prevention, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Helen Christensen
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Suicide Prevention, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kay Wilhelm
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Faces in the Street, O’Brien Centre, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia
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91
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Culph JS, Wilson NJ, Cordier R, Stancliffe RJ. Men's Sheds and the experience of depression in older Australian men. Aust Occup Ther J 2015; 62:306-15. [PMID: 26061865 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Men's Sheds are community spaces where, usually, older men can socialise as they participate in a range of woodwork and other activities. There is currently little research evidence supporting the anecdotally reported mental health and wellbeing benefits of Men's Sheds. This research project investigated how older men with self-reported symptoms of depression experience their participation in Men's Sheds. METHODS This study included in-depth interviews and administration of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with 12 men from 3 Men's Sheds, triangulated with observation of the different shed environments. Interviews explored how participation in the Men's Shed, living in a regional area, and retirement intersected with experiences of depression. Participants had either self-reported symptoms of depression or a diagnosis of depression. RESULTS The findings from this study support the notion that participation at Men's Sheds decreases self-reported symptoms of depression. Beck Depression Inventory-II scores showed that most participants were currently experiencing minimal depression. The Men's Sheds environment promoted a sense of purpose through relationships and in the sharing of skills, new routines, motivation, and enjoyment for its members. The shed encouraged increased physical activity and use of cognitive skills. Finally, participants reported feelings of pride and achievement which had an impact on their sense of self-worth. CONCLUSION Men's Sheds provide an opportunity to promote health and wellbeing among retired men. The shed's activity and social focus offers a way to help men rediscover purpose and self. Further research is required to measure symptoms of depression before and after participation in Men's Sheds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Culph
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nathan J Wilson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Reinie Cordier
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Roger J Stancliffe
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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92
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Botero Soto PA, Londoño Pérez C. Diseño y Validación de un Cuestionario de Imagen Corporal para Personas en Situación de Discapacidad Física. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE PSICOLOGÍA 2015. [DOI: 10.15446/rcp.v24n1.45644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
<p>El presente estudio pretendió diseñar y validar el Cuestionario de Imagen Corporal para Personas con Discapacidad Física. La muestra incidental estuvo conformada por 114 personas de 18 a 50 años, residentes en Bogotá, que presentaban una discapacidad física. Se diseñaron 40 ítems, evaluados por jueces expertos, se aplicaron a la muestra y se definieron los criterios de calificación. El análisis factorial evidenció la existencia de tres factores constituyentes del constructo de imagen corporal: atractivo, funcionalidad y satisfacción. El cuestionario cumplió con las condiciones de confiabilidad y validez necesarias, por lo que se concluye que es posible utilizarlo, aunque es preciso continuar con el proceso de validación.</p>
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93
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Wang YP, Gorenstein C. Gender differences and disabilities of perceived depression in the workplace. J Affect Disord 2015; 176:48-55. [PMID: 25699670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated gender difference and associated disability among workers. Comprehensive investigations concerning the occurrence and consequences of depression in workplace are scarce. The study aims to evaluate how workers perceive depression in workplace, as well as to examine depression-related disabilities by gender. METHODS This is a cross-sectional web-based survey of 1000 Brazilian workers recruited from Internet sources. Participants answered an online questionnaire about depressive symptoms and related consequences in the workplace. RESULTS Common symptoms attributable to depression were crying, loss of interest, and sadness. Almost one in five (18.9%) participants reported had ever been "labeled" by a health professional as suffering from depression. However, the majority of ever-depressed workers (73.5%) remained working. Performance-related impairments were reported by around 60% of depressed workers who continued working. Over half of them also complained about cognitive symptoms (concentration difficulties, indecisiveness, forgetfulness), with men reporting more cognitive dysfunctions than women. One in three workers had taken off work due to depression (mean 65.7 out-of-role days), with these periods being lengthier for men than women. LIMITATIONS Some depressive events might have occurred before working age, since the participants have self-reported the diagnosis of health professionals in past timeframe. The representativeness of recruited workers was reliant upon the availability of Internet service. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that identification and management of symptoms of depression should be set as a priority in worker׳s health care. General and gender-related strategies to handle depression in the workplace are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Pang Wang
- Institute & Department of Psychiatry (LIM-23), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos 785, 05403-010 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Clarice Gorenstein
- Institute & Department of Psychiatry (LIM-23), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos 785, 05403-010 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Zanchetta MS, Maheu C, Kolisnyk O, Mohamed M, Guruge S, Kinslikh D, Christopher JJ, Stevenson M, SanJose C, Sizto T, Byam A. Canadian Men's Self-Management of Chronic Diseases: A Literature Analysis of Strategies for Dealing With Risks and Promoting Wellness. Am J Mens Health 2015; 11:1077-1095. [PMID: 25804217 DOI: 10.1177/1557988315577674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the qualitative research on men's self-management of mental and physical chronic diseases, with emphasis on strategies for dealing with risks and promoting wellness. Using Bardin's method of document analysis, it was focused on the findings of Canadian qualitative studies published in French or English from 2005 to 2011. Boltanski's theory on social uses of the body inspired the analysis. Living with a chronic disease threatens men's sense of masculinity and self-image, as well as their perceived ability to fulfill expected social roles. Social images of men's bodies influence how men express their emotions, attributes, and attitudes, or acknowledge the need for and seek social affirmation. Self-management has been documented in Canadian qualitative literature as a complex phenomenon influenced by the social environment, personal capacities, feelings, perceptions, and potentials. The extent of how all these features interact within the scope of men's mental and physical health and illness experiences was partially revealed in this study. The findings underscore the social invisibility of men's bodies, especially those of men facing social inequities. Attending to principles of social justice can ensure that future research on men's health will amplify the range of men's voices and allow them to be heard. Recommendations address also the international scientific community interested in advancing men's health research, especially in those countries that lack a national men's health policy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Maheu
- 2 McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,3 Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olesya Kolisnyk
- 4 Centennial College & University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Terry Sizto
- 1 Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron Byam
- 1 Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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95
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Tuckett A, Henwood T, Oliffe JL, Kolbe-Alexander TL, Kim JR. A Comparative Study of Australian and New Zealand Male and Female Nurses' Health: A Sex Comparison and Gender Analysis. Am J Mens Health 2015; 10:450-458. [PMID: 25595018 DOI: 10.1177/1557988314567222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to compare the health and lifestyle behaviors between male and female nursing professionals. Biological, workplace, and lifestyle factors as well as health behaviors and outcomes are reported as different between male and female nurses. Although male nurses show distinct health-related patterns and experience health disparities at work, few studies have investigated health differences by sex in a large cohort group of nursing professionals. This observation study of Australian and New Zealand nurses and midwives drew data from an eCohort survey. A cohort of 342 females was generated by SPSS randomization (total N=3625), to compare against 342 participating males. Measures for comparison include health markers and behaviors, cognitive well-being, workplace and leisure-time vitality, and functional capacity. Findings suggest that male nurses had a higher BMI, sat for longer, slept for less time, and were more likely to be a smoker than their female nurse counterparts. Men were more likely to report restrictions in bending, bathing, and dressing. In relation to disease, male nurses reported greater rates of respiratory disease and cardiovascular disease, including a three times greater incidence of myocardial infarction, and were more likely to have metabolic problems. In contrast, however, male nurses were more likely to report feeling calm and peaceful with less worries about their health. Important for nurse workforce administrators concerned about the well-being of their staff, the current study reveals significant sex differences and supports the need for gender-sensitive approaches to aid the well-being of male nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Tuckett
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada College of Nursing, Yonsei University Health System, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tim Henwood
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Blue Care Research and Practice Development Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada School of Nursing and Midwifery, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tracy L Kolbe-Alexander
- Centre for Research in Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jae Rin Kim
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
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96
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Wahto R, Swift JK. Labels, Gender-Role Conflict, Stigma, and Attitudes Toward Seeking Psychological Help in Men. Am J Mens Health 2014; 10:181-91. [DOI: 10.1177/1557988314561491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a comparable need, research has indicated that on average men hold more negative attitudes toward psychological help seeking than women. Several researchers have suggested that the gender gap in service use and attitudes could be addressed through efforts to better market psychological services to men; however, a limited number of studies have tested this hypothesis. This study examined whether altering the labels for mental health providers (psychologist or counselor), settings (mental health clinic or counseling center), and treatments (problem or feeling focused) could result in less perceived stigma (social and self) by men. Participants, 165 male college students, were asked to read one of eight randomly assigned vignettes that described a man who was experiencing symptoms of depression and was considering seeking help. The vignettes differed in the labels that were used to describe the help that was being considered. Participants then completed measures assessing the stigma (self and social) associated with the treatment, and their preexisting experience of gender-role conflict and attitudes toward psychological help seeking. In summary, perceived stigma did not depend on the type of label that was used; however, 59% of the variance in attitudes was predicted by self-stigma (uniquely explaining 11%), gender-role conflict (uniquely explaining 10%), and social stigma (uniquely explaining 5%). Specifically, higher levels of gender-role conflict, social stigma, and self-stigma were associated with more negative attitudes toward psychological help seeking. Based on the demographics of the sample, these findings primarily have implications for Caucasian college-educated young adult men. Further limitations with the study and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wahto
- University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
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97
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Karger A. Geschlechtsspezifische Aspekte bei depressiven Erkrankungen. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2014; 57:1092-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00103-014-2019-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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98
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Tang MOT, Oliffe JL, Galdas PM, Phinney A, Han CS. College men’s depression-related help-seeking: a gender analysis. J Ment Health 2014; 23:219-24. [DOI: 10.3109/09638237.2014.910639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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99
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Spendelow JS. Cognitive-behavioral treatment of depression in men: tailoring treatment and directions for future research. Am J Mens Health 2014; 9:94-102. [PMID: 24713523 DOI: 10.1177/1557988314529790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a significant public health issue and many researchers have suggested that modifications to conventional cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are required to address infrequent help-seeking in men and counter negative effects of traditional masculinity on therapeutic engagement. This narrative review summarizes recommended alterations to CBT in the areas of therapeutic setting, process, and content. Key themes from this literature include a focus on behavioural interventions, and harmful cognitions that orginate from the traditional male gender stereotype. This literature is marked by limited empirical support for many of the recommended treatment modifications, and several options for future research are outlined.
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100
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Watkins DC, Griffith DM. Practical Solutions to Addressing Men's Health Disparities: Guest Editorial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3149/jmh.1203.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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