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Nascimento MDM, Gouveia ÉR, Gouveia BR, Marques A, Campos P, García-Mayor J, Przednowek K, Ihle A. The Mediating Role of Physical Activity and Physical Function in the Association between Body Mass Index and Health-Related Quality of Life: A Population-Based Study with Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192113718. [PMID: 36360598 PMCID: PMC9656348 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed (1) to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA), and physical function (PF) with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and (2) to examine in-depth whether PA and PF mediate the relationship between BMI and HRQoL in older adults. We investigated 802 individuals (mean age 69.8 ± 5.6 years), residents of the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal. Harmol and PA were assessed using the SF-36 and Baecke questionnaires, respectively, and PF by the Senior Fitness Test. The prevalence of overweight was 71.3%, 26.5% for normal weight, and 2.1% for underweight. We verified a small correlation between age and sex with BMI, PA, PF, and medium borderline with HRQoL. After adjusting for covariates (i.e., sex, age, comorbidities), the multivariate regression analysis indicated a 93.1% chance of improvement in HRQoL for low BMI, while PA and PF revealed a chance of increasing HRQoL by 91.8% and 60.0%, respectively. According to the serial mediation pathway, PA and PF partially mediated the association between BMI and HRQoL by 32.3% and 81.5%, respectively. The total variance of the model was 90%. It was concluded that BMI can negatively affect HRQoL. On the other hand, PA and PF are able to increase HRQoL levels during the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo de Maio Nascimento
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina 56304-917, PE, Brazil
| | - Élvio Rúbio Gouveia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- LARSYS—Laboratory for Robotics and Engineering System, Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruna R. Gouveia
- LARSYS—Laboratory for Robotics and Engineering System, Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Regional Directorate of Health, Secretary of Health of the Autonomous Region of Madeira, 9004-515 Funchal, Portugal
- Saint Joseph of Cluny Higher School of Nursing, 9050-535 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
- Environmental Health Institute (ISAMB), University of Lisbon, 1649-020 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Campos
- Department of Informatics Engineering and Interactive Media Design, University of Madeira, 9000-072 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Jesús García-Mayor
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, San Javier Campus, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Spain
| | - Krzysztof Przednowek
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Andreas Ihle
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES—Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Moura LDANE, Pagotto V, Camargo Pereira C, de Oliveira C, Silveira EA. Does Abdominal Obesity Increase All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Mortality Risks in Older Adults? A 10-Year Follow-Up Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204315. [PMID: 36296999 PMCID: PMC9607321 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is insufficient evidence on the impact of abdominal obesity (AO) on mortality in older adults. Therefore, the objective to analyze the 10-year impact of AO, assessed using different diagnostic criteria, on all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality in older adults. In this prospective cohort study of older adults (≥60 years), sociodemographic, lifestyle, clinical history, laboratory test, and anthropometric data were analyzed. The considered were used for AO diagnostic: waist circumference (WC) of ≥88 cm for women and ≥102 cm for men; WC of ≥77.8 cm for women and ≥98.8 cm for men; and increased waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), being the highest tertile of distribution by sex. Multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed. A total of 418 individuals, with an average age of 70.69 ± 7.13 years, participated in the study. In the analysis adjusted for sex and age, WHR was associated with a high risk of all-cause mortality (p = 0.044). Both cutoff points used for the WC were associated with an increased CVD mortality risk. None of the AO parameters were associated with cancer mortality. An increased WHR was associated to a higher all-cause mortality risk factor, while an increased WC was a risk factor for a higher CVD mortality in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia de Almeida Nogueira e Moura
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, GO, Brazil
- Correspondence: (L.d.A.N.e.M.); (E.A.S.)
| | - Valéria Pagotto
- Graduate Program in Nursing, Nursing Faculty, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-080, GO, Brazil
| | - Cristina Camargo Pereira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, GO, Brazil
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, GO, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Correspondence: (L.d.A.N.e.M.); (E.A.S.)
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Geng S, Chen X, Shi Z, Bai K, Shi S. Association of anthropometric indices with the development of multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults: A retrospective cohort study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276216. [PMID: 36240163 PMCID: PMC9565419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have explored the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and multimorbidity. However, the relationship between other obesity indicators and their dynamic changes and multimorbidity has not been systematically estimated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association of BMI and other obesity indicators, including waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist divided by height0.5 (WHT.5R), and body roundness index (BRI) and their changes and the risk of multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults through a retrospective cohort study. METHODS Data collected from annual health examination dataset in the Jinshui during 2017 and 2021. Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the effect of baseline and dynamic changes in the anthropometric indices on the risk of multimorbidity. RESULTS A total of 75,028 individuals were included in the study, and 5,886 participants developed multimorbidity during the follow-up. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed a progressive increase in the risk of multimorbidity with increasing anthropometric indicators (BMI, WC, WHtR, WHT.5R, and BRI) (all P<0.001). Regardless of general obesity status at baseline, increased WC was associated with a high risk of multimorbidity. Compared to the subjects with baseline BMI<24 kg/m2 and WC<90 (men)/80 (women), the HRs (95% CI) of the baseline BMI<24 kg/m2 and WC≥90 (men)/80 (women) group and BMI≥24 kg/m2 and WC≥90 (men)/80 (women) group were 1.31 (1.08, 1.61) and 1.82 (1.68, 1.97), respectively. In addition, the dynamics of WC could reflect the risk of multimorbidity. When subjects with baseline WC<90 (men)/80 (women) progressed to WC≥90 (men)/80 (women) during follow-up, the risk of multimorbidity significantly increased (HR = 1.78; 95% CI, 1.64, 1.95), while the risk of multimorbidity tended to decrease when people with abnormal WC at baseline reversed to normal at follow-up (HR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.26, 1.54) compared to those who still exhibited abnormal WC at follow-up (HR = 2.00; 95% CI, 1.82, 2.18). CONCLUSIONS Central obesity is an independent and alterable risk factor for the occurrence of multimorbidity in middle-aged and elderly populations. In addition to the clinical measurement of BMI, the measurement of the central obesity index WC may provide additional benefits for the identification of multimorbidity in the Chinese middle-aged and elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoji Geng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhan Shi
- Department of pharmacy, Zhengzhou people’s hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaizhi Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songhe Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Zhang H, Sun L, Yu Y, Xin H, Wu L, Yang F, Liu J, Zhang Z. The associations between body composition and vital capacity index of medical students in Shenyang of China: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:373. [PMID: 36184644 PMCID: PMC9526916 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to examine the associations between body composition and vital capacity index (VCI) among medical students of Shenyang, China.
Study design The design of this study is a cross-sectional study. Methods Participants were 2063 individuals (17–25 years) from a medical college in Shenyang, who participated in this survey from April to May 2017. Height, weight, fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), protein mass (PM), total body water (TBW), mineral mass (MM), vital capacity were measured, then BMI and VCI were calculated. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the effect of body composition on VCI of participants in different genders. In addition, subgroup analysis was carried out according to BMI levels. Results Male students showed significantly higher height, weight, BMI, FFM, PM, TBW, MM, VC, and VCI, but lower FM in comparison with female students. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that in both sexes FM was negatively correlated with VCI which represents pulmonary function (r < 0; P < 0.001). After dividing the whole participants by BMI, further correlation analysis showed FM was positively correlated with VCI only for male subgroups with BMI < 18.5 (r > 0; P = 0.050). Conclusion Overall, FM is highly negatively correlated with the VCI of Chinese medical students of both genders. However, there was a positive correlation between FM and VCI among low-weight male students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Radiation Health Center, Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, 110015, China
| | - Ye Yu
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Hong Xin
- Physical Education Department, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Li Wu
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Fengmei Yang
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110034, China.
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Sekgala MD, Opperman M, Mpahleni B, Mchiza ZJR. Anthropometric indices and cut-off points for screening of metabolic syndrome among South African taxi drivers. Front Nutr 2022; 9:974749. [PMID: 36034933 PMCID: PMC9406286 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.974749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Detecting the early onset of metabolic syndrome (MetS) allows for quick intervention which may slow progression to a variety of health consequences, hence, determining the best measurement to detect MetS is essential. Aim This research aimed at examining the MetS predictive power of anthropometric indices, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), percentage body fat (%BF), conicity index (CI), and Clínica Universidad de Navarra-body adiposity estimator (CUN-BAE) to determine the cut-off points to identify male South African taxi drivers with MetS. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted among 185 male taxi drivers. Their weight, height, WC, blood lipid profile were measured. International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition was used to define MetS. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the predictive ability of Anthropometric indices to detect MetS. Results The mean age of the participants was 39.84 years. Overall, 41.6% (N = 77) of the participants presented with MetS. The mean values for BMI, WC, WHtR, %BF, BRI, CUN-BAE, ABSI and CI were 28.60 ± 6.20 kg/m2, 99.13 ± 17.59 cm, 0.58 ± 0.10, 27.28 ± 8.28%, 5.09 ± 2.33, 27.78 ± 8.34, 0.08 ± 0.01 and 1.70 ± 0.19, respectively. The mean values for these indices were significantly (p < 0.001) higher in participants with MetS. The highest area under the curve (AUC) outcomes for screening MetS were for the %BF and CUN-BAE, followed by the BMI and WHtR, and lastly the BRI. All these anthropometric indices had outstanding discriminatory powers for predicting MetS with AUCs and sensitivity values above 80%. The BMI, WHtR, %BF, BRI, and CUN-BAE, had cut-off points for detection of metS in South African men at 28.25 kg/m2, 0.55, 25.29%, 4.55, and 27.10, respectively. Based on the logistic regression models abnormal BMI, WHtR, %BF, BRI, CUN-BAE, TG, FBG, systolic BP, diastolic BP and WC showed increased risk of MetS. Conclusion While the %BF, CUN-BAE, BMI, WC, WHtR, BRI, CI and CUN-BAE could predict MetS among South African male taxi drivers, these indices were less effective in predicting the individual MetS risk factors such as TG, BP, and FBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machoene Derrick Sekgala
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.,Human and Social Capabilities, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Maretha Opperman
- Functional Food Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology and Consumer Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Buhle Mpahleni
- Functional Food Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology and Consumer Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Zandile June-Rose Mchiza
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.,Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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Ojeda ML, Nogales F, Carreras O, Pajuelo E, Gallego-López MDC, Romero-Herrera I, Begines B, Moreno-Fernández J, Díaz-Castro J, Alcudia A. Different Effects of Low Selenite and Selenium-Nanoparticle Supplementation on Adipose Tissue Function and Insulin Secretion in Adolescent Male Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173571. [PMID: 36079831 PMCID: PMC9459699 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of intense growth and endocrine changes, and obesity and insulin-resistance processes during this period have lately been rising. Selenium (Se) homeostasis is related to lipid metabolism depending on the form and dose of Se. This study tests the actions of low-dose selenite and Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) on white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) deposition, insulin secretion, and GPx1, IRS-1 and FOXO3a expression in the WAT of adolescent rats as regards oxidative stress, adipocyte length and adipokine secretion. Four groups of male adolescent rats were treated: control (C), low selenite supplementation (S), low SeNP supplementation (NS) and moderate SeNP supplementation (NSS). Supplementation was received orally through water intake; NS and NSS rats received two- and tenfold more Se than C animals, respectively. SeNPs were obtained by reducing Se tetrachloride in the presence of ascorbic acid. For the first time in vivo, it was demonstrated that low selenite supplementation contributed to increased adipogenesis via the insulin signaling pathway and LCN2 modulation, while low SeNP administration prevented fat depots in WAT via the decrease in insulin signaling and FOXO3a autophagy in WAT, lowering inflammation. These effects were independent of GPx1 expression or activity in WAT. These findings provide data for dietary approaches to prevent obesity and/or anorexia during adolescence. These findings may be relevant to future studies looking at a nutritional approach aimed at pre-venting obesity and/or anorexia in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Ojeda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Fátima Nogales
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-954556518
| | - Olimpia Carreras
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Eloísa Pajuelo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Inés Romero-Herrera
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Belén Begines
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernández
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Díaz-Castro
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Alcudia
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
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Pati S, Sinha A, Ghosal S, Kerketta S, Lee JT, Kanungo S. Family-Level Multimorbidity among Older Adults in India: Looking through a Syndemic Lens. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9850. [PMID: 36011486 PMCID: PMC9408391 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Most evidence on multimorbidity is drawn from an individual level assessment despite the fact that multimorbidity is modulated by shared risk factors prevailing within the household environment. Our study reports the magnitude of family-level multimorbidity, its correlates, and healthcare expenditure among older adults using data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), wave-1. LASI is a nationwide survey amongst older adults aged ≥45 years conducted in 2017-2018. We included (n = 22,526) families defined as two or more members coresiding in the same household. We propose a new term, "family-level multimorbidity", defined as two or more members of a family having multimorbidity. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess correlates, expressed as adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval. Family-level multimorbidity was prevalent among 44.46% families, whereas 41.8% had conjugal multimorbidity. Amongst siblings, 42.86% reported multimorbidity and intergenerational (three generations) was 46.07%. Family-level multimorbidity was predominantly associated with the urban and affluent class. Healthcare expenditure increased with more multimorbid individuals in a family. Our findings depict family-centred interventions that may be considered to mitigate multimorbidity. Future studies should explore family-level multimorbidity to help inform programs and policies in strategising preventive as well as curative services with the family as a unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghamitra Pati
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | - Abhinav Sinha
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | | | | | - John Tayu Lee
- The Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Srikanta Kanungo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
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Ma SZ, Chen HX, Liang ZD, Qi XS. Risk factors for Barrett's esophagus: Recent advances. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:605-613. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i14.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is the most common malignant tumor of the esophagus in the West. During the past few decades, its morbidity has been increasing in China. Barrett's esophagus (BE) is defined as the replacement of normal squamous epithelium in the lower esophagus by metaplasia of columnar epithelium. BE is closely related to the occurrence of EAC. Knowledge regarding the risk factors for the occurrence and development of BE is of great significance for early screening and diagnosis of BE and prevention of EAC. In this paper, we review the clinical, demographics-related, lifestyle-related, and medications-related risk factors for BE to provide more valuable scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ze Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110840, Liaoning Province, China,Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hong-Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110840, Liaoning Province, China,Graduate School of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110031, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhen-Dong Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110840, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xing-Shun Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110840, Liaoning Province, China
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Sinha A, Kerketta S, Ghosal S, Kanungo S, Lee JT, Pati S. Multimorbidity and Complex Multimorbidity in India: Findings from the 2017-2018 Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159091. [PMID: 35897461 PMCID: PMC9332385 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Complex multimorbidity refers to the co-occurrence of three or more chronic illnesses across >2 body systems, which may identify persons in need of additional medical support and treatment. There is a scarcity of evidence on the differences in patient outcomes between non-complex (≥2 conditions) and complex multimorbidity groups. We evaluated the prevalence and patient outcomes of complex multimorbidity and compared them to non-complex multimorbidity. We included 30,489 multimorbid individuals aged ≥45 years from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) from wave-1 conducted in 2017−2018. We employed a log link in generalised linear models (GLM) to identify possible risk factors presenting the adjusted prevalence−risk ratio (APRR) and adjusted prevalence−risk difference (APRD) with 95% confidence interval. The prevalence of complex multimorbidity was 34.5% among multimorbid individuals. Participants residing in urban areas [APRR: 1.10 (1.02, 1.20)], [APRD: 0.04 (0.006, 0.07)] were more likely to report complex multimorbidity. Participants with complex multimorbidity availed significantly higher inpatient department services and had higher expenditure as compared to the non-complex multimorbidity group. Our findings have major implications for healthcare systems in terms of meeting the requirements of people with complicated multimorbidity, as they have significantly higher inpatient health service utilisation, higher medical costs, and poorer self-rated health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Sinha
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India; (A.S.); (S.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Sushmita Kerketta
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India; (A.S.); (S.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Shishirendu Ghosal
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India; (A.S.); (S.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Srikanta Kanungo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India; (A.S.); (S.K.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (S.P.)
| | - John Tayu Lee
- The Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India; (A.S.); (S.K.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (S.P.)
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Resende L, Noites A, Amorim M. Application of Cryolipolysis in Adipose Tissue: Systematic Review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4122-4132. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Resende
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Health Polytechnic Institute of Porto Portugal
| | - Andreia Noites
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Polytechnic Institute of Porto Portugal
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR) ‐ Human Movement System (Re) habilitation Polytechnic Institute of Porto Portugal
| | - Manuela Amorim
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Health Polytechnic Institute of Porto Portugal
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Oztop N, Beyaz S, Orcen C. Abdominal Obesity and Metabolic Parameters in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria. HASEKI TIP BÜLTENI 2022. [DOI: 10.4274/haseki.galenos.2022.8399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Barik M, Panda SN, Tripathy SS, Sinha A, Ghosal S, Acharya AS, Kanungo S, Pati S. Is multimorbidity associated with higher risk of falls among older adults in India? BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:486. [PMID: 35658840 PMCID: PMC9167508 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03158-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fall, a multifaceted health condition, is one of the major causes of mortality among older adults. Rapid ageing and increased multimorbidity in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), including India, might elevate the risk of fall. Although, fall is associated with significant healthcare utilization, it still remains an under-recognized public health issue. This accentuates a need for evidence on fall to integrate it into existing healthcare programs, a gap in geriatric care. The present study aimed to assess the association of fall with multimorbidity among older adults in India. METHODS We included 28,567 participants aged ≥ 60 years from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), wave-1 conducted during 2017-19. Descriptive statistics were used to compute the prevalence of self-reported falls along with 95% confidence interval as a measure of uncertainty. The association between falls and multimorbidity was assessed by multivariable logistic regression and presented as an adjusted odds ratio (AOR). RESULTS The prevalence of falls was 12.5%, being higher among women (13.6% vs. 11.4%) than men. The major determinants of fall were females, rural residents and smokeless tobacco use. We observed multimorbidity [AOR: 1.29 (1.14-1.46)] to be significantly associated with falls. CONCLUSION Falls are commonly prevalent among older adults having multimorbidity as its important predictor. Existing health programs should incorporate falls as an important part of geriatric care. Additionally, primary health care facilities should be strengthened to provide comprehensive care for injuries sustained due to falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Barik
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | | | | | - Abhinav Sinha
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | | | | | - Srikanta Kanungo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
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González-Rivas JP, Pavlovska I, Polcrova A, Nieto-Martínez R, Mechanick JI. Transcultural Lifestyle Medicine in Type 2 Diabetes Care: Narrative Review of the Literature. Am J Lifestyle Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/15598276221095048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Disparities in type 2 diabetes (T2D) care is a global problem across diverse cultures. The Dysglycemia-Based Chronic Disease (DBCD) model promotes early and sustainable interventions along the insulin resistance (stage 1), prediabetes (stage 2), T2D (stage 3), and complications (stage 4) spectrum. In this model, lifestyle medicine is the cornerstone of preventive care to reduce DBCD progression and the socioeconomic/biological burden of disease. A comprehensive literature review, spanning 2000 to 2021, was performed and 55 studies were included examining the effects of lifestyle medicine and their cultural adaptions with different prevention modalities. In stage 1, primordial prevention targets modifiable primary drivers (behavior and environment), unhealthy lifestyles, abnormal adiposity, and insulin resistance with educational and motivational health promotion activities at individual, group, community, and population-based scales. Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention targets individuals with mild hyperglycemia, severe hyperglycemia, and complications, respectively, using programs that incorporate structured lifestyle interventions. Culturally adapted lifestyle change in primary and secondary prevention improved quality of life and biomarkers, but with a limited impact of tertiary prevention on cardiovascular events. In conclusion, lifestyle medicine with cultural adaptations is an integral part of preventive care in patients with T2D. However, considerable research gaps exist, especially for tertiary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P. González-Rivas
- International Clinical Research Centre (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital Brno (FNUSA), Czech Republic
- Departments of Global Health and Population and Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health. Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Iuliia Pavlovska
- International Clinical Research Centre (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital Brno (FNUSA), Czech Republic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Polcrova
- International Clinical Research Centre (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital Brno (FNUSA), Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ramfis Nieto-Martínez
- Departments of Global Health and Population and Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health. Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas, Venezuela
- LifeDoc Health, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey I. Mechanick
- he Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health at Mount Sinai Heart, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Kong M, Xu M, Zhou Y, Geng N, Lin N, Song W, Li S, Piao Y, Han Z, Guo R, Yang C, Luo N, Wang Z, Ma L, Xu Q, Wang L, Qiu W, Li J, Shi D, Cheung EC, Li R, Chen Y, Duan Z. Assessing Visceral Obesity and Abdominal Adipose Tissue Distribution in Healthy Populations Based on Computed Tomography: A Large Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:871697. [PMID: 35548570 PMCID: PMC9082940 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.871697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Abdominal adipose is closely related to many endocrine and metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of abdominal adipose tissue in a healthy population in northern China determined by abdominal computed tomography (CT). Methods Data for this study were obtained from a multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study that collected abdominal CT scans of 1787 healthy individuals from 4 representative cities in northern China. Areas of visceral adipose tissue (VATA) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SATA) were obtained by measuring CT images at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra. Visceral adipose tissue index (VATI) and subcutaneous adipose index (SATI) were obtained by normalizing the square of height to analyze the distribution of the above indexes and visceral obesity among different body mass index (BMI), gender and age. Results The mean age of this healthy population was 45.3 ± 15.2 years and the mean BMI was 23.5 ± 3.2 kg/m2, with 902 men and 885 women. Compared with women, men had a significantly higher median VATA (120.9 vs. 67.2 cm2), VATI (39.1 vs. 25.6 cm2/m2) and a significantly higher percentage of visceral adiposity (VATA ≥ 100 cm2) (60.8 vs. 30.4%), while women had significantly higher SATA (116.9 vs. 146.7 cm2) and SATI (38.8 vs. 55.8 cm2/m2) than men. Whether men or women, VATI was positively correlated with age. Interestingly, SATI was weakly positively correlated with age in women, while SATI was weakly negatively correlated with age in men. In persons with a normal BMI, the proportion of visceral adiposity increases with age, whereas in men with a normal BMI, the proportion of visceral adiposity decreases after the age of 60 years but remains >50%. Conclusions The distribution of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue parameters measured by CT differed among gender, age, and BMI. Even men and women with normal BMI have a high proportion of visceral obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Kong
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Manman Xu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Postgraduate Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Geng
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Lin
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyan Song
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuetong Piao
- Department of Infection, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zuoqing Han
- Department of Infection, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Infection, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nan Luo
- Department of Infection, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Quanxiao Xu
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wanchun Qiu
- Department of Infection, The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Daimeng Shi
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Eddie C Cheung
- Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongkuan Li
- Department of Infection, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongping Duan
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training Combined with Fasting in the Treatment of Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084638. [PMID: 35457507 PMCID: PMC9030367 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: A systematic review and meta-analysis is conducted to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with fasting (HIIT + fasting) and other interventions (HIIT alone, fasting alone, or normal intervention) in adults with overweight and obesity on body composition (body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), percent fat mass (PFM), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM)), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and glucose metabolism (fasting plasma glucose (FPG)), fasting plasma insulin (FPI)). Methods: The databases of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embace, Web of Science, CNKI, Wangfang Data, and CBM were searched from their inception to February 2022. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of HIIT + fasting and other interventions on adults with overweight and obesity were included in this meta-analysis. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The effect size was completed by using mean difference (MD) and standard deviation. If there were varying units or large differences among the included studies, the standardized mean difference (SMD) would be used. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: Nine randomized controlled trials with 230 overweight and obese adults were conducted in accordance with our inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that compared to the control group HIIT + fasting had better effects on the body mass, WC, FM, and VO2peak, while there were no significant differences in PFM, FFM, FPG, and FPI. Conclusions: Despite the number of included trials being small and the GRADE of all outcomes being very low, HIIT + fasting has a positive effect on the body composition of overweight and obese adults, and significantly improves VO2peak. For adults with overweight and obesity who have long-term comorbidity, HIIT + fasting was a better way to improve FPG than HIIT alone or fasting alone. More studies are required to investigate different combinations of HIIT + fasting; and the safety of HIIT + fasting intervention on overweight and obese adults.
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Song Z, Cheng Y, Li T, Fan Y, Zhang Q, Cheng H. Prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus by different obesity indices. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:288. [PMID: 35387610 PMCID: PMC8988347 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence rates of obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are increasing in parallel. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between different obesity indices, including prepregnancy body mass index (preBMI), the first-trimester abdominal circumference (AC), and first-trimester abdominal circumference/height ratio (ACHtR), and GDM, and the efficacy of these three indices in predicting GDM was assessed. Methods A total of 15,472 pregnant women gave birth to a singleton at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Prepregnancy weight was self-reported by study participants, body height and AC were measured by nurses at the first prenatal visit during weeks 11 to 13+6 of pregnancy. GDM was diagnosed through a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 gestational weeks. Using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, we evaluated the association between obesity indices and GDM. Results A total of 1912 women (12.4%) were diagnosed with GDM. Logistic regression analysis showed that AC, ACHtR, and preBMI (P < 0.001) were all independent risk factors for the development of GDM. In the normal BMI population, the higher the AC or ACHtR was, the more likely the pregnant woman was to develop GDM. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.62–0.64) for the AC, 0.64 (95% CI: 0.62–0.65) for the ACHtR and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.62–0.64) for the preBMI. An AC ≥ 80.3 cm (sensitivity: 61.6%; specificity: 57.9%), an ACHtR of ≥ 0.49 (sensitivity: 67.3%; specificity: 54.0%), and a preBMI ≥ 22.7 (sensitivity: 48.4%; specificity: 71.8%) were determined to be the best cut-off levels for identifying subjects with GDM. Conclusions An increase in ACHtR may be an independent risk factor for GDM in the first trimester of pregnancy. Even in the normal BMI population, the higher the AC and ACHtR are, the more likely a pregnant woman is to develop GDM. AC, ACHtR in the first trimester and preBMI might be anthropometric indices for predicting GDM, but a single obesity index had limited predictive value for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Song
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Road, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Road, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfang Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingying Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Road, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Haidong Cheng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Road, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China.
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A Methodical Review on the Applications and Potentialities of Using Nanobiosensors for Disease Diagnosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1682502. [PMID: 35103234 PMCID: PMC8799955 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1682502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Presently, with the introduction of nanotechnology, the evolutions and applications of biosensors and/or nanobiosensors are becoming prevalent in various scientific domains such as environmental and agricultural sciences as well as biomedical, clinical, and healthcare sciences. Trends in these aspects have led to the discovery of various biosensors/nanobiosensors with their tremendous benefits to mankind. The characteristics of the various biosensors/nanobiosensors are primarily based on the nature of nanomaterials/nanoparticles employed in the sensing mechanisms. In the last few years, the identification, as well as the detection of biological markers linked with any form of diseases (communicable or noncommunicable), has been accomplished by several sensing procedures using nanotechnology vis-à-vis biosensors/nanobiosensors. Hence, this study employs a systematic approach in reviewing some contemporary developed exceedingly sensitive nanobiosensors alongside their biomedical, clinical, or/and healthcare applications as well as their potentialities, specifically for the detection of some deadly diseases drawn from some of the recent publications. Ways forward in the form of future trends that will advance creative innovations of the potentialities of nanobiosensors for biomedical, clinical, or/and healthcare applications particularly for disease diagnosis are also highlighted.
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Beneficial Effects of the Consumption of Hot-Water Extracts of Thinned Immature Mangos (Mangifera indica “Irwin”) on the Hypertriglyceridemia of Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020116. [PMID: 35208189 PMCID: PMC8876935 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The thinned immature fruit of the mango tree (Mangifera indica “Irwin”) are regarded as waste products. In this study, we evaluated the effects of daily consumption of a hot-water extract of thinned immature mango fruits (TIMEx) on the dyslipidemia of apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice. ApoE−/− mice and wild-type BALB/c mice were fed a 20% fat diet containing 0%, 0.1%, or 1.0% TIMEx for 8 weeks. Their body mass, food intake, and water consumption were unaffected by the TIMEx. The 1.0% TIMEx supplementation significantly reduced serum triglyceride, but not total cholesterol concentration. This effect was significant in ApoE−/− mice, but less marked under normal conditions in wild-type mice. In addition, the circulating concentrations of three hormones that regulate metabolism, resistin, leptin, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, were reduced by TIMEx consumption, which may be involved in its effect to prevent hypertriglyceridemia. However, none of the concentrations of TIMEx reduced the size of atherosclerotic plaque lesions. In conclusion, daily consumption of TIMEx ameliorates hypertriglyceridemia but not hypercholesterolemia in genetically predisposed mice.
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The Roles and Associated Mechanisms of Adipokines in Development of Metabolic Syndrome. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020334. [PMID: 35056647 PMCID: PMC8781412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic indicators that increase the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Visceral obesity and factors derived from altered adipose tissue, adipokines, play critical roles in the development of metabolic syndrome. Although the adipokines leptin and adiponectin improve insulin sensitivity, others contribute to the development of glucose intolerance, including visfatin, fetuin-A, resistin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Leptin and adiponectin increase fatty acid oxidation, prevent foam cell formation, and improve lipid metabolism, while visfatin, fetuin-A, PAI-1, and resistin have pro-atherogenic properties. In this review, we briefly summarize the role of various adipokines in the development of metabolic syndrome, focusing on glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism.
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Aljehani AM, Banjar SA, Alshehri GA, Alnojaidi TF, Alkhammash SM, Almomen FA, Alolayan OK, Bagazi GA, Bamhair AS. Association of Academic Performance With Obesity and Unhealthy Lifestyle Among Female University Students. Cureus 2022; 14:e21561. [PMID: 35228920 PMCID: PMC8873276 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aims to examine the relationship between obesity and academic performance and to investigate the relevance between an unhealthy lifestyle and academic performance, which may exist among obese and non-obese female students in the College of Science and College of Medicine of Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University. Method The study is observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional in nature and covers a sample of 328 female students aged 19 to 23 years. They were randomly selected from the College of Science and College of Medicine. Sample collection was conducted from December 12, 2020 to June 15, 2021. Results The result indicates that obesity did not influence academic performance. The association between obesity and academic performance was non-significant (p = 0.335). In the College of Science, grades in physics and math were analyzed, which reflected a weak association with obesity (p = 0.893 and p = 0.872, respectively). Various factors exerted a positive impact on academic performance, such as eating yogurt at least 1-5 times per week (p < 0.05) and spending less than 4 hours on social media or watching TV (p < 0.05). Conclusion Academic performance is influenced by many factors. Eating yogurt more frequently and watching TV and less time for social media are the factors with the largest influence on academic performance. However, obesity does not influence academic performance. In summary, physical activity and a healthy diet exerted no direct effect on academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala M Aljehani
- College of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Shaima A Banjar
- Family and Community Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Ghada A Alshehri
- Family and Community Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Taif F Alnojaidi
- Family and Community Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Shahad M Alkhammash
- Family and Community Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Farah A Almomen
- Family and Community Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Omar K Alolayan
- Family and Community Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Ghassan A Bagazi
- Family and Community Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdulrahman S Bamhair
- Family and Community Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
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Association of Oral Health with Multimorbidity among Older Adults: Findings from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, Wave-1, 2017-2019. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312853. [PMID: 34886581 PMCID: PMC8657905 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
India is witnessing an increase in the prevalence of multimorbidity. Oral health is related to overall health but is seldom included in the assessment of multimorbidity. Hence, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of oral morbidity and explore its association with physical multimorbidity using data from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI). LASI is a nationwide survey amongst adults aged ≥ 45 years conducted in 2018. Descriptive analysis was performed on included participants (n = 59,764) to determine the prevalence of oral morbidity. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association between oral morbidity and physical multimorbidity. Self-rated health was compared between multimorbid participants with and without oral morbidity. Oral morbidity was prevalent in 48.56% of participants and physical multimorbidity in 50.36%. Those with multimorbidity were at a higher risk of having any oral morbidity (AOR: 1.60 (1.48–1.73)) than those without multimorbidity. Participants who had only oral morbidity rated their health to be good more often than those who had physical multimorbidity and oral morbidity (40.84% vs. 32.98%). Oral morbidity is significantly associated with physical multimorbidity. Multimorbid participants perceived their health to be inferior to those with only oral morbidity. The findings suggest multidisciplinary health teams in primary care should include the management of oral morbidity and physical multimorbidity.
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Xu YX, Zhang AH, Yu Y, Wan YH, Tao FB, Sun Y. Sex-specific association of exposure to bedroom light at night with general and abdominal adiposity in young adults. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 223:112561. [PMID: 34348191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Experimental animal studies and limited epidemiologic evidence among elder population suggest that exposure to light at night (LAN) may be obesogenic. Nevertheless, little is known about the possible impact of bedroom LAN exposure on subsequent adiposity and the distribution pattern of the accumulated fat, especially in younger population. Here, we estimated longitudinal associations of objectively assessed bedroom LAN exposure with general and abdominal adiposity among young adults. We measured 2-night bedroom LAN exposure using a portable illuminometer in a cohort of young adults (n = 482). Body composition using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis was evaluated at baseline and 1-year follow-up visit. Significant increases in fat mass (2.4 kg, P = 0.015 in male; 1.9 kg, P < 0.001 in female), visceral fat area (10.7 cm2, P < 0.001 in male; 5.0 cm2, P = 0.01 in female), waist circumference (3.8 cm, P = 0.039 in male; 2.5 cm, P = 0.047 in female) and percentage of body fat (3.6%, P = 0.002 in male; 3.0%, P = 0.001 in female) were observed among individuals with bedroom LAN higher than 5 lx. Compared to the lowest quartile group of bedroom LAN exposure, the highest quartile group was associated with an increase of 0.64 kg/m2 in BMI (95% CI: 0.18-1.09 kg/m2; P = 0.006) and 1.22 kg increase in fat mass (95% CI: 0.10-2.34 kg; P = 0.025) among female participants, and 10.58 cm2 in visceral fat area (95% CI: 4.85-16.31 cm2; P = 0.001) and 2.59 cm in waist circumference (95% CI: 0.37-4.81 cm; P = 0.023) among male participants. In this cohort of Chinese young adults, significant associations were observed between bedroom LAN exposure and adiposity in a sex- and fat depot-specific fashion. Further intervention and longitudinal studies could help elucidate the actual effects and develop sex-specific strategies against lifetime obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - An-Hui Zhang
- Wuhu Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yu-Hui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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George Kerry R, Ukhurebor KE, Kumari S, Maurya GK, Patra S, Panigrahi B, Majhi S, Rout JR, Rodriguez-Torres MDP, Das G, Shin HS, Patra JK. A comprehensive review on the applications of nano-biosensor-based approaches for non-communicable and communicable disease detection. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3576-3602. [PMID: 34008586 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm02164d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The outstretched applications of biosensors in diverse domains has become the reason for their attraction for scientific communities. Because they are analytical devices, they can detect both quantitative and qualitative biological components through the generation of detectable signals. In the recent past, biosensors witnessed significant changes and developments in their design as well as features. Nanotechnology has revolutionized sensing phenomena by increasing biodiagnostic capacity in terms of specificity, size, and cost, resulting in exceptional sensitivity and flexibility. The steep increase of non-communicable diseases across the world has emerged as a matter of concern. In parallel, the abrupt outbreak of communicable diseases poses a serious threat to mankind. For decreasing the morbidity and mortality associated with various communicable and non-communicable diseases, early detection and subsequent treatment are indispensable. Detection of different biological markers generates quantifiable signals that can be electrochemical, mass-based, optical, thermal, or piezoelectric. Speculating on the incumbent applicability and versatility of nano-biosensors in large disciplines, this review highlights different types of biosensors along with their components and detection mechanisms. Moreover, it deals with the current advancements made in biosensors and the applications of nano-biosensors in detection of various non-communicable and communicable diseases, as well as future prospects of nano-biosensors for diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rout George Kerry
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751004, India
| | - Kingsley Eghonghon Ukhurebor
- Climatic/Environmental/Telecommunication Unit, Department of Physics, Edo University Iyamho, P.B.M. 04, Auchi, 312101, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Swati Kumari
- Biopioneer Private limited, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Ganesh Kumar Maurya
- Zoology Section, Mahila MahaVidyalya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Sushmita Patra
- Department of Biotechnology, North Odissa University, Takatpur, Baripada, Odisha 757003, India
| | - Bijayananda Panigrahi
- Biopioneer Private limited, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India and School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Sanatan Majhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751004, India
| | | | - María Del Pilar Rodriguez-Torres
- Departamento de Ingeniería Molecular de Materiales, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd Juriquilla 3001, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Biotechnology & Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, Republic of Korea.
| | - Han-Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Biotechnology & Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, Republic of Korea.
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Validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis for body composition assessment in children with obesity aged 8-14y. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:4132-4139. [PMID: 33610417 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The aim was to generate a predictive equation to assess body composition (BC) in children with obesity using bioimpedance (BIA), and avoid bias produced by different density levels of fat free mass (FFM) in this population. METHODS This was a cross-sectional validation study using baseline data from a randomized intervention trial to treat childhood obesity. Participants were 8 to 14y (n = 315), underwent assessments on anthropometry and BC through Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP), Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry and BIA. They were divided into a training (n = 249) and a testing subset (n = 66). In addition, the testing subset underwent a total body water assessment using deuterium dilution, and thus obtained results for the 4-compartment model (4C). A new equation to estimate FFM was created from the BIA outputs by comparison to a validated model of ADP adjusted by FFM density in the training subset. The equation was validated against 4C in the testing subset. As reference, the outputs from the BIA device were also compared to 4C. RESULTS The predictive equation reduced the bias from the BIA outputs from 14.1% (95%CI: 12.7, 15.4) to 4.6% (95%CI: 3.8, 5.4) for FFM and from 18.4% (95%CI: 16.9, 19.9) to 6.4% (95% CI: 5.3, 7.4) for FM. Bland-Altman plots revealed that the new equation significantly improved the agreement with 4C; furthermore, the observed trend to increase the degree of bias with increasing FM and FFM also disappeared. CONCLUSION The new predictive equation increases the precision of BC assessment using BIA in children with obesity.
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Taheri E, Moslem A, Mousavi-Jarrahi A, Hatami B, Pourhoseingholi MA, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Zali MR. Predictors of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in adults: a population-based study in Northeastern Iran. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2021; 14:S102-S111. [PMID: 35154609 PMCID: PMC8817755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to identify the risk factors of metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) among adults in northeastern Iran. BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome that threatens global public health. Recently, MAFLD has been proposed as a new terminology updated from NAFLD and diagnosed based on modified criteria. METHODS A nested case-control study was performed on the participants of the first phase of the Persian Sabzevar Cohort Study (PSCS), a survey that was conducted in northeastern Iran and enrolled 4,242 participants aged 35-70 years. In total, 968 MAFLD cases and 964 controls adjusted for age and sex were recruited. Data including demographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical, sleep pattern, and dietary intake information was collected. RESULTS The mean (SD [standard deviation]) age of participants was 49.2 (8.8) years, and 39.9% of the participants were males. The prevalence of MAFLD was 22.8% (95% CI [confidence interval] 19.2 - 26.3%). Increased body mass index (BMI) (OR [odds ratios] 5.51, 95% CI 2.73 - 11.10), waist circumference (WC) (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.44 - 2.38), blood concentrations of triglycerides (TG) (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.06 - 1.15), total cholesterol (TC) (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.003 - 1.04), and alanine aminotransferase (AST) (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.05 - 1.16) were significantly associated with an increased risk of the MAFLD (p-value <0.05). Furthermore, the odds of MAFLD risk was 43% higher in subjects who slept ≤ 5 hrs/day than those with ≥ 7 hrs per day of sleep (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.07 - 1.92, p-value = 0.01). CONCLUSION In this study, it was found that MAFLD was best predicted by BMI, WC, and serum levels of TG, total cholesterol, and AST. Sleeping ≤ 5hrs/day compared to ≥ 7hrs/day was associated with an increased risk of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsaneh Taheri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moslem
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Science, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Alireza Mousavi-Jarrahi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Hatami
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Pourhoseingholi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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