51
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Preparation and characterization of hydrophobic P(VDF-HFP) flat sheet membranes using Tamisolve® NxG solvent for the treatment of saline water by direct contact membrane distillation and membrane crystallization. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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52
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Jia X, Lan L, Zhang X, Wang T, Wang Y, Ye C, Lin J. Pilot-scale vacuum membrane distillation for decontamination of simulated radioactive wastewater: System design and performance evaluation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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53
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Khan AA, Maitlo HA, Khan IA, Lim D, Zhang M, Kim KH, Lee J, Kim JO. Metal oxide and carbon nanomaterial based membranes for reverse osmosis and membrane distillation: A comparative review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111716. [PMID: 34293311 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Commercial membranes typically suffer from fouling and wetting during membrane distillation (MD). In contrast, reverse osmosis (RO) can be subject to the fouling issue if applied for highly saline feed solutions containing foulants (e.g., organics, oils, and surfactants). Among the diverse treatment options, the nanomaterial-based membranes have recently gained great interest due to their advantageous properties (e.g., enhanced flux and roughness, better pore size distribution, and higher conductivity). This review focuses on recent advances in the mechanical properties, anti-fouling capabilities, salt rejection, and economic viability of metal oxide (SiO2, TiO2, and ZnO) and carbon nanomaterial (graphene oxide/carbon nanotube)-based membranes. Current challenges in applying nanomaterial-based membranes are also discussed. The study further describes the preparation methods, mechanisms, commercial applications, and economical feasibility of metal oxide- and carbon nanomaterial-based membrane technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Ahmad Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; Department of Civil Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Hubdar Ali Maitlo
- Department of Energy & Environment Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering & Technology, M.A. Jinnah road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
| | - Imtiaz Afzal Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Daehwan Lim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Oh Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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54
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Yu C, Yin W, Yu Z, Chen J, Huang R, Zhou X. Membrane technologies in toilet urine treatment for toilet urine resource utilization: a review. RSC Adv 2021; 11:35525-35535. [PMID: 35493188 PMCID: PMC9043190 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05816a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane technologies have broad potential in methods for separating, collecting, storing, and utilizing urine collected from toilets. Recovering urine from toilets for resource utilization instead of treating it in a sewage treatment plant not only reduces extra energy consumption for the degradation of N and P but also saves energy in chemical fertilizer production, which will contribute to carbon emission reduction of 12.19-17.82 kg kgN -1 in terms of N alone. Due to its high efficiency in terms of volume reduction, water recycling, nutrient recovery, and pollutant removal, membrane technology is a promising technology for resource utilization from urine collected from toilets. In this review, we divide membrane technologies for resource utilization from urine collected from toilets into four categories based on the driving force: external pressure-driven membrane technology, vapor pressure-driven membrane technology, chemical potential-driven membrane technology, and electric field-driven membrane technology. These technologies influence factors such as: recovery targets and mechanisms, reaction condition optimization, and process efficiency, and these are all discussed in this review. Finally, a toilet with source-separation is suggested. In the future, membrane technology research should focus on the practical application of source-separation toilets, membrane fouling prevention, and energy consumption evaluation. This review may provide theoretical support for the resource utilization of urine collected from toilets that is based on membrane technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-6598-2693
| | - Wenjun Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-6598-2693
| | - Zhenjiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-6598-2693
| | - Jiabin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-6598-2693
| | - Rui Huang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 China
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-6598-2693
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China
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55
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Assessment of module arrangements of a direct contact membrane distillation process for a small-scale desalination plant. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s43153-021-00171-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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56
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Zhang J, Ding Q, Xu Q, Xiao T, Yang X. An ultra-robust fabric-embedded PVDF membrane fabricated by NTIPS method and its application for monosodium glutamate concentration in membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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57
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Charfi A, Kim S, Yoon Y, Cho J. Optimal cleaning strategy to alleviate fouling in membrane distillation process to treat anaerobic digestate. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130524. [PMID: 34134401 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper deals with the membrane fouling issue in the Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) process treating a wasted sludge from an anaerobic digestion process. The main objective is to define an optimal cleaning strategy to alleviate fouling. Using a lab scale DCMD process, a cleaning strategy based on DI water flushing followed by 0.2% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 3% citric acid (C6H8O7) cleaning was tested with different cleaning frequencies and various chemical cleaning durations at different cross-flow velocities. To avoid severe fouling, the optimal cross-flow velocity was found at 0.18 m/s (0.8 L/min). Moreover, even if higher cross-flow velocity allows higher flux, it could increase fouling risks. For a better membrane regeneration and process productivity, a cleaning of 60 min duration for each chemical cleaning applied every two days was defined as the optimal cleaning strategy. Such conditions allowed the preservation of 75.5% of the initial flux after 96 h of operation. Furthermore, the effect on membrane flux regeneration of DI water flushing, sodium hypochlorite, and citric acid cleaning registered were, 31.52%, 11.95% and 20.65%, respectively. This study revealed that in the MD process treating real wastewater both external and internal fouling are responsible of permeate flux decline due to the accumulation of organic and inorganic matter on the membrane surface as well as within the pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Charfi
- Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Sewoon Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 300 Main Street, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Yeomin Yoon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 300 Main Street, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Jinwoo Cho
- Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
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58
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Yadav A, Labhasetwar PK, Shahi VK. Fabrication and optimization of tunable pore size poly(ethylene glycol) modified poly(vinylidene-co-hexafluoropropylene) membranes in vacuum membrane distillation for desalination. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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59
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Nellessen C, Klein T, Rapp H, Rögener F. Klimaschonung durch Membrananwendung – Membrandestillation zur Erzeugung von pharmazeutischem Reinstwasser. CHEM-ING-TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius Nellessen
- Wilhelm Werner GmbH Maybachstraße 29 51381 Leverkusen Deutschland
- TH Köln Institut für Anlagen- und Verfahrenstechnik Betzdorfer Straße 2 50679 Köln Deutschland
| | - Thomas Klein
- Wilhelm Werner GmbH Maybachstraße 29 51381 Leverkusen Deutschland
| | | | - Frank Rögener
- TH Köln Institut für Anlagen- und Verfahrenstechnik Betzdorfer Straße 2 50679 Köln Deutschland
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60
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İnce M, Uslu YA, İnce E, Yaşar H. Mass and Heat Transfer Coefficients in a Thermophilic Membrane Distillation Bioreactor. Chem Eng Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202000338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahir İnce
- Gebze Technical University Department of Environmental Engineering 2254 Street 41400 Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Yasin Abdullah Uslu
- Gebze Technical University Department of Environmental Engineering 2254 Street 41400 Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Elif İnce
- Gebze Technical University Department of Environmental Engineering 2254 Street 41400 Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Handenur Yaşar
- Gebze Technical University Department of Environmental Engineering 2254 Street 41400 Kocaeli Turkey
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61
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Recent Progress in the Membrane Distillation and Impact of Track-Etched Membranes. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152520. [PMID: 34372131 PMCID: PMC8347132 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is a rapidly developing field of research and finds applications in desalination of water, purification from nonvolatile substances, and concentration of various solutions. This review presents data from recent studies on the MD process, MD configuration, the type of membranes and membrane hydrophobization. Particular importance has been placed on the methods of hydrophobization and the use of track-etched membranes (TeMs) in the MD process. Hydrophobic TeMs based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and polycarbonate (PC) have been applied in the purification of water from salts and pesticides, as well as in the concentration of low-level liquid radioactive waste (LLLRW). Such membranes are characterized by a narrow pore size distribution, precise values of the number of pores per unit area and narrow thickness. These properties of membranes allow them to be used for more accurate water purification and as model membranes used to test theoretical models (for instance LEP prediction).
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62
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Bispacer Multi-Stage Direct Contact Membrane Distillation System: Analytical and Experimental Study. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A multi-staged direct contact membrane distillation (MDCMD) system is designed considering a novel bispacer configuration in the present study. The proposed bispacer DCMD, which has not been addressed in the literature to best of our knowledge, is considered with two purposes, including increasing mechanical stability and turbulence. As increasing turbulence leads to increasing Nusselt number, the bispacer MDCMD provides higher permeate flux. An analytical approach is considered using energy and mass balance correlation. The effect of bispacer and feed operating conditions, including feed temperature, feed flow rate, feed salinity, and the number of stages on permeate flux and salt rejection of the developed MDCMD, are examined both analytically and experimentally. The performance and sustainability of the developed system were investigated by analyzing the parameters, including thermal efficiency (η), gained output ratio (GOR), and temperature polarization coefficient (TPC).
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63
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Viader G, Casal O, Lefèvre B, de Arespacochaga N, Echevarría C, López J, Valderrama C, Cortina JL. Integration of membrane distillation as volume reduction technology for in-land desalination brines management: Pre-treatments and scaling limitations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 289:112549. [PMID: 33872872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Management of in-land reverse osmosis (RO) desalination brines generated from surface brackish waters is a current challenge. Among the different near-Zero and Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) alternatives, Membrane Distillation (MD), in which the transport of water is thermally driven, appears as an attractive technology if a residual heat source is available. The aim of this study was to identify the limits of Direct Contact MD (DCMD) pre-treatments such as acidification and aeration, or the combination of both to quantify the scaling reduction potential when treating a RO brine from surface brackish water. Experimental data were used to evaluate the effectiveness of DCMD to achieve the highest concentration factors, depending on the chosen pre-treatment. Additionally, an economic analysis of the operational cost, taking as case study a site where the current management of the brine is the discharge to the sea, was also carried out. Results showed that pre-treatments enhanced MD performance by increasing the concentration factor achieved and highest volume reductions (about 3 times) were reached with the combination of acidification and aeration pre-treatments. Both processes reduced the precipitation potential of CaCO3(s) by reducing the total inorganic carbon (>90%); however, CaSO4·2H2O(s) precipitated. Results also indicated that even if a waste heat source is available, brine disposal into the sea is the cheapest option, while ZLD alternatives were not attractive in the current regulatory framework since their cost was higher than the discharge to the sea. Other options related to the Minimal Liquid Discharge may be more economically attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Viader
- Water Technology Center CETaqua, Carretera d'Esplugues 75, E-08940, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain
| | - O Casal
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya UPC·BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), E-08930 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Multi Scale Science and Engineering Research Center, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya UPC·BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), E-08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Lefèvre
- Water Technology Center CETaqua, Carretera d'Esplugues 75, E-08940, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain
| | - N de Arespacochaga
- Water Technology Center CETaqua, Carretera d'Esplugues 75, E-08940, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain
| | - C Echevarría
- Water Technology Center CETaqua, Carretera d'Esplugues 75, E-08940, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain
| | - J López
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya UPC·BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), E-08930 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Multi Scale Science and Engineering Research Center, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya UPC·BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), E-08930 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - C Valderrama
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya UPC·BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), E-08930 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Multi Scale Science and Engineering Research Center, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya UPC·BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), E-08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J L Cortina
- Water Technology Center CETaqua, Carretera d'Esplugues 75, E-08940, Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain; Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya UPC·BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), E-08930 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Multi Scale Science and Engineering Research Center, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya UPC·BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), E-08930 Barcelona, Spain
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64
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Flux decline induced by scaling of calcium sulfate in membrane distillation: Theoretical analysis on the role of different mechanisms. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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65
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Advances in seawater membrane distillation (SWMD) towards stand-alone zero liquid discharge (ZLD) desalination. REV CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2020-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Seawater membrane distillation (SWMD) is a promising separation technology due to its ability to operate as a stand-alone desalination unit operation. This paper reviews approaches to improve laboratory-to-pilot-scale MD performance, which comprise operational strategies, module design, and specifically tailored membranes. A detailed comparison of SWMD and sea water reverse osmosis is presented to further analyze the critical shortcomings of SWMD. The unique features of SWMD, namely the ability to operate with extremely high salt rejection and at extreme feed concentration, highlight the SWMD potential to be operated under zero liquid discharge (ZLD) conditions, which results in the production of high-purity water and simultaneous salt recovery, as well as the elimination of the brine disposal cost. However, technical challenges, such as thermal energy requirements, inefficient heat transfer and integration, low water recovery factors, and lack of studies on real-case valuable-salt recovery, are impeding the commercialization of ZLD SWMD. This review highlights the possibility of applying selected strategies to push forward ZLD SWMD commercialization. Suggestions are projected to include intermittent removal of valuable salts, in-depth study on the robustness of novel membranes, module and configuration, utilization of a low-cost heat exchanger, and capital cost reduction in a renewable-energy-integrated SWMD plant.
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66
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Davey C, Liu P, Kamranvand F, Williams L, Jiang Y, Parker A, Tyrrel S, McAdam E. Membrane distillation for concentrated blackwater: Influence of configuration (air gap, direct contact, vacuum) on selectivity and water productivity. Sep Purif Technol 2021; 263:118390. [PMID: 34002109 PMCID: PMC7965860 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Water recovery from concentrated blackwater has been studied using air gap (AGMD), direct contact (DCMD) and vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) to deliver decentralised sanitation. Whilst good water quality was achieved with each configuration, differences in the rejection of volatile compounds was observed. VMD exhibited the highest rejection of volatiles, specifically ammoniacal nitrogen, of all the configurations but fouling inhibited total flux. DCMD exhibited a temperature dependent volatile rejection which resulted in poor rejection at lower feed temperatures (≤40 °C). AGMD was identified as the most promising configuration for application within decentralised sanitation, since the rejection of volatiles was consistent over a range of operating temperatures with ammonia rejection directly related to solution pH. An increase in organic colloids and particles due to faecal contamination reduced COD removal due to the induction of wetting, but was shown to be offset by adoption of a smaller pore size (0.1 μm), and when complemented with upstream solid-liquid separation within a fully integrated system, will provide a robust sanitation solution. Importantly, this work has shown that AGMD can recover water from concentrated blackwater close to international discharge and reuse regulations in a single stage process; this is significant as blackwater consists of only urine and faeces, and is thus 40 times more concentrated than municipal sewage. It is proposed that the water quality produced reflects a step change to delivering safe sanitation, and is complemented by a simple method for heat recovery integration this is similarly advantageous for resource constrained environments common to decentralised sanitation solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.J. Davey
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - P. Liu
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
- GreenTech Environmental Co. Ltd., Wangjing, Chaoyang District, 100102 Beijing, China
| | - F. Kamranvand
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - L. Williams
- Centre for Creative and Competitive Design, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Y. Jiang
- Centre for Thermal Energy Systems and Materials, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - A. Parker
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - S. Tyrrel
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - E.J. McAdam
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
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67
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Jeong S, Song KG, Kim J, Shin J, Maeng SK, Park J. Feasibility of membrane distillation process for potable water reuse: A barrier for dissolved organic matters and pharmaceuticals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124499. [PMID: 33191022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the feasibility of the membrane distillation (MD) process as a wastewater reclamation system for portable reuse was investigated. The flux was stably maintained at about 20 L/m2h (LMH) at ΔT 30 °C, compared to higher flux at ΔT 50 °C, which showed a rapid decrease in the flux due to severe fouling. MD produced excellent quality of potable water satisfied the drinking water standards of Korea from effluent of sewage treatment plant (ESTP). The fractions of the hydrophobic OC (HOC) and chromatographic DOC (CDOC) from LC-OCD analysis was firstly suggested to understand different organic transport during the MD process. The transport of organic matters across the MD membrane mitigated at low operation temperature and the transported organics in all the tested waters were mostly volatile low molecular weight organics, aromatic amino acids. All of thirteen selected pharmaceuticals were completely removed by MD, regardless of their properties. In order to retard the membrane fouling of the MD process, coagulation and filtration pre-treatments were applied. The pre-treatment process coupled MD process could successfully remove impurities including NH4-N without severe membrane fouling. Moreover, coagulation pretreatment reduced transport of ammonia due to decrease in pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongpil Jeong
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Kyung Guen Song
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea.
| | - Junki Kim
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Jaewon Shin
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea; School of Civil, Environmental & Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Sung Kyu Maeng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Joonhong Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
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68
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Noamani S, Niroomand S, Rastgar M, McDonald A, Sadrzadeh M. Development of a self-sustained model to predict the performance of direct contact membrane distillation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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69
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Power effect of ultrasonically vibrated spacers in air gap membrane distillation: Theoretical and experimental investigations. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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70
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Makanjuola O, Anis SF, Hashaikeh R. Enhancing DCMD vapor flux of PVDF-HFP membrane with hydrophilic silica fibers. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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71
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Wang J, Liu Y, Rao U, Dudley M, Ebrahimi ND, Lou J, Han F, Hoek EM, Tilton N, Cath TY, Turchi CS, Heeley MB, Ju YS, Jassby D. Conducting thermal energy to the membrane/water interface for the enhanced desalination of hypersaline brines using membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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72
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Leaper S, Avendaño Cáceres EO, Luque-Alled JM, Cartmell SH, Gorgojo P. POSS-Functionalized Graphene Oxide/PVDF Electrospun Membranes for Complete Arsenic Removal Using Membrane Distillation. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:1854-1865. [PMID: 34056612 PMCID: PMC8154216 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c01402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates very high removal rates (below the detection limit of 0.045 ppb) of inorganic arsenic from water using electrospun polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes enhanced by the addition of functionalized graphene oxide in membrane distillation. This shows potential for applications in the many parts of the world suffering from arsenic-contaminated groundwater. These membranes were enhanced by the addition of reduced graphene oxide functionalized with superhydrophobic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane molecules (POSS-rGO) into the spinning solutions. The flux of the best-performing rGO-enhanced membrane (containing 2 wt % POSS-rGO) was 21.5% higher than that of the pure PVDF membrane and almost double that of a commercial polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane after 24 h of testing, with rejection values exceeding 99.9%. Furthermore, the flux of this membrane was stable over 5 days (∼28 L m-2 h-1) of continuous testing and was more stable than those of the PTFE and control membranes when treating a concentrated fouling solution of calcium carbonate and iron(III) sulfate heptahydrate. It also achieved higher permeate quality in these conditions. The Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength of the best-performing membrane increased by 38 and 271%, respectively, compared to the pure polymer membrane, while both had similar porosities of ∼91%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Leaper
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, School of Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | | | - Jose Miguel Luque-Alled
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, School of Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Sarah H. Cartmell
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Patricia Gorgojo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, School of Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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73
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Kůdelová T, Bartuli E, Strunga A, Hvožďa J, Dohnal M. Fully Polymeric Distillation Unit Based on Polypropylene Hollow Fibers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071031. [PMID: 33810297 PMCID: PMC8037513 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Access to pure water is a very topical issue today. Desalination represents a promising way of obtaining drinking water in areas of shortage. Currently, efforts are being made to replace the metal components of existing desalination units due to the high corrosivity of sea water. Another requirement is easy transportation and assembly. The presented solution combines two types of polymeric hollow fibers that are used to create the distillation unit. Porous polypropylene hollow fiber membranes have been used as an active surface for mass transfer in the distillation unit, while non-porous thermal polypropylene hollow fibers have been employed in the condenser. The large active area to volume ratio of the hollow fiber module improves the efficiency of both units. Hot water is pumped inside the membranes in the distillation unit. Evaporation is first observed at a temperature gradient of 10 °C. The water vapor flows through the tunnel to the condenser where cold water runs inside the fibers. The temperature gradient causes condensation of the vapor, and the condensate is collected. The article presents data for hot water at temperatures of 55, 60, and 65 °C. Optimization of the membrane module is evaluated and presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Kůdelová
- Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 61669 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.B.); (A.S.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Erik Bartuli
- Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 61669 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.B.); (A.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Alan Strunga
- Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 61669 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.B.); (A.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Jiří Hvožďa
- Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 61669 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.B.); (A.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Miroslav Dohnal
- ZENA s.r.o., Branky 278/21, 66449 Ostopovice, Czech Republic;
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74
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Tundis R, Conidi C, Loizzo MR, Sicari V, Romeo R, Cassano A. Concentration of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds in Olive Mill Wastewater by Direct Contact Membrane Distillation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061808. [PMID: 33806935 PMCID: PMC8004892 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive mill wastewater (OMW), generated as a by-product of olive oil production, is considered one of the most polluting effluents produced by the agro-food industry, due to its high concentration of organic matter and nutrients. However, OMW is rich in several polyphenols, representing compounds with remarkable biological properties. This study aimed to analyze the chemical profile as well as the antioxidant and anti-obesity properties of concentrated fractions obtained from microfiltered OMW treated by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analyses were applied to quantify some phenols selected as phytochemical markers. Moreover, α-Amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase inhibitory activity were investigated together with the antioxidant activity by means of assays, namely β-carotene bleaching, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic) acid (ABTS) diammonium salts, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and Ferric Reducing Activity Power (FRAP) tests. MD retentate—which has content of about five times greater of hydroxytyrosol and verbascoside and about 7 times greater of oleuropein than the feed—was more active as an antioxidant in all applied assays. Of interest is the result obtained in the DPPH test (an inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of 9.8 μg/mL in comparison to the feed (IC50 of 97.2 μg/mL)) and in the ABTS assay (an IC50 of 0.4 μg/mL in comparison to the feed (IC50 of 1.2 μg/mL)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (R.T.); (M.R.L.)
| | - Carmela Conidi
- Institute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy;
| | - Monica R. Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (R.T.); (M.R.L.)
| | - Vincenzo Sicari
- Department of Agricultural Science, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, 89123 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (V.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Rosa Romeo
- Department of Agricultural Science, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, 89123 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (V.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Alfredo Cassano
- Institute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0984-492067
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75
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Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)/Poly(ethersulfone) Blend Membrane Fabricated Using an Innovative Method of Mixing Electrospinning and Phase Inversion. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13050790. [PMID: 33806655 PMCID: PMC7961782 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a novel polymeric membrane was innovated in terms of composition and preparation techniques. A blend of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PcH) and poly(ethersulfone) (PES) (18 wt.% total polymer concentration) was prepared using a N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) solvents mixture, while Lithium chloride (0.05–0.5 wt.%) was used as an additive. The electrospinning and phase inversion techniques were used together to obtain a novel membrane structure. The prepared membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscope imaging, energy dispersive X-Ray, differential scanning calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance analyses. Moreover, the static water contact angle, membrane thickness, porosity, surface roughness as well as water vapor permeability were determined. ImageJ software was used to estimate the average fiber diameter. Additionally, the effect of the change of PcH concentration and coagulation bath temperature on the properties of the fabricated membrane was studied. The novel developed membrane has shown a good efficiency in terms of properties and features, as a membrane suitable for membrane distillation (MD); a high porosity (84.4% ± 0.6), hydrophobic surface (136.39° ± 3.1 static water contact angle), and a water vapor permeability of around 4.37 × 10−5 g·m/m2·day·Pa were obtained. The prepared membrane can be compared to the MD membranes commercially available in terms of properties and economic value.
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77
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Veleva I, Vanoppen M, Hitsov I, Phukan R, Wyseure L, Dejaeger K, Cornelissen E, Verliefde A. Selection of membranes and operational parameters aiming for the highest rejection of petrochemical pollutants via membrane distillation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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78
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Zhang W, Hu B, Wang Z, Li B. Fabrication of omniphobic PVDF composite membrane with dual-scale hierarchical structure via chemical bonding for robust membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.119038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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79
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Anqi AE, Mohammed AA. Evaluating Critical Influencing Factors of Desalination by Membrane Distillation Process-Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:164. [PMID: 33673407 PMCID: PMC7996794 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11030164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Water desalination by membrane distillation (MD) can be affected by a wide range of operating parameters. The present work uses combinational approach of Analytical Hierarch process (AHP) and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy process (Fuzzy-AHP) to identify the most important parameters in the MD desalination. Five process parameters and key-performance indicators, named derivable outputs (DOs), are considered, along with the critical factors affecting these DOs in the current study. The DOs and the critical influencing factors (CIFs) are selected based on their experimental feasibility. The investigation involves five DOs, which are liquid entry pressure, thermal power consumption, permeate quality, permeate flux, and pumping (feed circulation) power. A total of twenty-five critical influencing factor were associated with the DOs. The identification of the DOs and CIFs was based on the literature review, and further analyses were performed. Both methods, AHP and Fuzzy-AHP, determined six extremely important CIFs in the desalination MD, which are feed temperature, feed concentration, or feed salinity; feed flow rate; membrane hydrophobicity; pore size; and membrane material. Moderately important CIFs are found to be four by both methods. These common CIFs are feed solution properties, membrane thickness, feed channel geometry, and pressure difference along the feed channel. Finally, the least preferred CIFs are four common in both methods that are MD configuration, duration of test, specific heat of feed solution, and viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali E. Anqi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
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80
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Mohd Ramli M, Ahmad AL, Leo CP. Surface Modification of Polytetrafluoroethylene Hollow Fiber Membrane for Direct Contact Membrane Distillation through Low-Density Polyethylene Solution Coating. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:4609-4618. [PMID: 33644568 PMCID: PMC7905806 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is an attractive technology for the separation of highly saline water used with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hollow fiber (HF) membrane. A hydrophobic coating of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) coats the outer surface of the PTFE membrane to resolve membrane wetting as well as increase membrane permeability flux and salt rejection, a critical problem regarding the MD process. LDPE concentrations in coating solution have been studied and optimized. Consequently, the LDPE layer altered membrane morphology by forming a fine nanostructure on the membrane surface that created a hydrophobic layer, a high roughness of membrane, and a uniform LDPE network. The membrane coated with different concentrations of LDPE exhibited high water contact angles of 135.14 ± 0.24 and 138.08 ± 0.01° for membranes M-3 and M-4, respectively, compared to the pristine membrane. In addition, the liquid entry pressure values of LDPE-incorporated PTFE HF membranes (M-1 to M-5) were higher than that of the uncoated membrane (M-0) with a small decrease in the percentage of porosity. The M-3 and M-4 membranes demonstrated higher flux values of 4.12 and 3.3 L m-2 h-1 at 70 °C, respectively. On the other hand, the water permeation flux of 1.95 L m-2 h-1 for M-5 further decreased when LDPE concentration is increased.
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81
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Kwon D, Bae W, Kim J. Hybrid forward osmosis/membrane distillation integrated with anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor for advanced wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124160. [PMID: 33049631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO)-membrane distillation (MD) process was integrated with anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor (AFBR) to advance wastewater treatment. Low removal efficiency of nutrients such as ammonia nitrogen was improved significantly by combining FO-MD process with AFBR. The MD membrane was applied to concentrate the draw solution (DS) which can be diluted by FO filtration. By using 1 M of NaCl as DS, about 80% of ammonia nitrogen was further removed by the FO membrane while the phosphorous was removed almost completely (99%). However, the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen in DS and the reverse salt flux through the FO membrane was unavoidable. Nevertheless, combining MD membrane produced excellent removal efficiency yielding only 4 and 5.6 mg/L of ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in MD permeate, respectively at 15 ℃ of transmembrane temperature. Alternatively, there is the possibility that the FO-MD process can be superior to concentrate resources such as nitrogen and phosphorous present in AFBR. The reverse salt flux from DS into AFBR bulk suspension did not show adverse effects on the performances of bioreactor with respect to COD removal efficiency, conductivity and methane production during operational period. Deposit of the fouling layer on FO membrane was also observed, but the fouling on MD membrane was not severe probably because crystallization rate could be retarded by diluting the DS during FO filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeeun Kwon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Inharo-100, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22201, Republic of Korea
| | - Woobin Bae
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Inharo-100, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22201, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Inharo-100, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22201, Republic of Korea.
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82
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Sallakh Niknejad A, Bazgir S, Kargari A. Novel Triple-Layer HIPS/SBR/PP Nanofibrous Membranes for Robust DCMD Desalination. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sallakh Niknejad
- Nanopolymer Research Laboratory (NPRL), Department of Polymer Engineering, Petroleum, and Chemical Engineering Faculty, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Saeed Bazgir
- Nanopolymer Research Laboratory (NPRL), Department of Polymer Engineering, Petroleum, and Chemical Engineering Faculty, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Ali Kargari
- Membrane Processes Research Laboratory (MPRL), Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran 1591634311, Iran
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83
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Step-by-step improvement of mixed-matrix nanofiber membrane with functionalized graphene oxide for desalination via air-gap membrane distillation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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84
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Leaper S, Abdel-Karim A, Gorgojo P. The use of carbon nanomaterials in membrane distillation membranes: a review. Front Chem Sci Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-020-1993-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMembrane distillation (MD) is a thermal-based separation technique with the potential to treat a wide range of water types for various applications and industries. Certain challenges remain however, which prevent it from becoming commercially widespread including moderate permeate flux, decline in separation performance over time due to pore wetting and high thermal energy requirements. Nevertheless, its attractive characteristics such as high rejection (ca. 100%) of nonvolatile species, its ability to treat highly saline solutions under low operating pressures (typically atmospheric) as well as its ability to operate at low temperatures, enabling waste-heat integration, continue to drive research interests globally. Of particular interest is the class of carbon-based nanomaterials which includes graphene and carbon nanotubes, whose wide range of properties have been exploited in an attempt to overcome the technical challenges that MD faces. These low dimensional materials exhibit properties such as high specific surface area, high strength, tuneable hydrophobicity, enhanced vapour transport, high thermal and electrical conductivity and others. Their use in MD has resulted in improved membrane performance characteristics like increased permeability and reduced fouling propensity. They have also enabled novel membrane capabilities such as in-situ fouling detection and localised heat generation. In this review we provide a brief introduction to MD and describe key membrane characteristics and fabrication methods. We then give an account of the various uses of carbon nanomaterials for MD applications, focussing on polymeric membrane systems. Future research directions based on the findings are also suggested.
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85
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Pei J, Gao S, Sarp S, Wang H, Chen X, Yu J, Yue T, Youravong W, Li Z. Emerging forward osmosis and membrane distillation for liquid food concentration: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:1910-1936. [PMID: 33438299 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As emerging membrane technologies, forward osmosis (FO) and membrane distillation (MD), which work with novel driving forces, show great potential for liquid food concentration, owing to their low fouling propensity and great driving force. In the last decades, they have attracted the attention of food industry scientists in global scope. However, discussions of the FO and MD in liquid food concentration advancement, membrane fouling, and economic assessment have been scant. This review aims to provide an up-to-date knowledge about liquid food concentration by FO and MD. First, we introduce the principle and applications of FO and MD in liquid food concentration, and highlight the effect of process on liquid food composition, membrane fouling mechanism, and strategies for fouling mitigation. Besides, economic assessment of FO and MD processes is reviewed. Moreover, the challenges as well as future prospects of FO and MD applied in liquid food concentration are proposed and discussed. Comparing with conventional membrane-based or thermal-based technologies, FO and MD show outstanding advantages in high concentration rate, good concentrate quality, low fouling propensity, and low cost. Future efforts for liquid food concentration by FO and MD include (1) development of novel FO draw solution (DS); (2) understanding the effects of liquid food complex compositions on membrane fouling in FO and MD concentration process; and (3) fabrication of novel membranes and innovation of membrane module and process configuration for liquid food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Pei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Sarper Sarp
- Centre for Water Advanced Technologies and Environmental Research (CWATER), College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Haihua Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jin Yu
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wirote Youravong
- Department of Food Technology & Center of Excellence in Membrane Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Zhenyu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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86
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Hydrophobizing polyether sulfone membrane by sol-gel for water desalination using air gap membrane distillation. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1784225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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87
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Hydrophobic ceramic membranes in MD processes – Impact of material selection and layer characteristics. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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88
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Economic Design of Solar-Driven Membrane Distillation Systems for Desalination. MEMBRANES 2020; 11:membranes11010015. [PMID: 33374287 PMCID: PMC7824013 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Solar-driven membrane distillation (SDMD) for desalination is a feasible method to solve water and energy resource issues. The design and operation of SDMD is different from continuous and steady state processes, such as common chemical plants, due to the intermittent and unpredictive characteristics of solar radiation. Employing the steady state and dynamic simulation models developed on the platform of Aspen Custom Modeler®, this paper presents a two-stage design approach for the SDMD systems using different types of membrane distillation configurations, including AGMD (air gap MD), DCMD (direct contract MD) and VMD (vacuum MD). The first design stage uses the steady state simulation model and determines equipment sizes for different constant-value solar radiation intensities with the objective of minimizing total annual cost. The second design stage is implemented on the SDMD systems with process control to automatically adjust the operating flow rates using the dynamic simulation model. Operated with the yearly solar radiation intensity of Taiwan, the unit production costs (UPCs) of the optimal SDMD systems using AGMD, DCMD, and VMD are $2.71, 5.38, and 10.41 per m3 of water produced, respectively. When the membrane unit cost is decreased from $90/m2 to $36/m2, the UPC of the optimal solar-driven AGMD system can be reduced from $2.71/m3 to $2.04/m3.
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89
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A Numerical Simulation of Membrane Distillation Treatment of Mine Drainage by Computational Fluid Dynamics. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12123403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology to treat mine water. This work aims to investigate the change in mass and heat transfer in reverse osmosis mine water treatment by vacuum membrane distillation (VMD). A 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics and verified by the experimental results. Then, response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to explore the effects of various parameters on the permeate flux and heat transfer efficiency. In terms of the influence degree on the permeation flux, the vacuum pressure > feed temperature > membrane length > feed temperature membrane length, and the membrane length has a negative correlation with the membrane flux. Increasing the feed temperature can also increase the convective heat transfer at the feed side, which will affect the heat transfer efficiency. Furthermore, the feed temperature also has a critical effect on the temperature polarization phenomenon. The temperature polarization becomes more notable at high temperatures.
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90
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Noamani S, Niroomand S, Rastgar M, Azhdarzadeh M, Sadrzadeh M. Modeling of Air-Gap Membrane Distillation and Comparative Study with Direct Contact Membrane Distillation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Noamani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, 10-367 Donadeo Innovation Center for Engineering, Advanced Water Research Lab (AWRL), University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Shirin Niroomand
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, 10-367 Donadeo Innovation Center for Engineering, Advanced Water Research Lab (AWRL), University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Masoud Rastgar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, 10-367 Donadeo Innovation Center for Engineering, Advanced Water Research Lab (AWRL), University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Mehdi Azhdarzadeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, 10-367 Donadeo Innovation Center for Engineering, Advanced Water Research Lab (AWRL), University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Mohtada Sadrzadeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, 10-367 Donadeo Innovation Center for Engineering, Advanced Water Research Lab (AWRL), University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 1H9, Canada
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91
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Zhu Z, Zhong L, Chen X, Zheng W, Zuo J, Zeng G, Wang W. Monolithic and self-roughened Janus fibrous membrane with superhydrophilic/omniphobic surface for robust antifouling and antiwetting membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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92
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Anvari A, Azimi Yancheshme A, Kekre KM, Ronen A. State-of-the-art methods for overcoming temperature polarization in membrane distillation process: A review. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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93
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Anwar N, Rahaman MS. Membrane desalination processes for water recovery from pre-treated brewery wastewater: Performance and fouling. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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94
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Investigating the effect of various foulants on the performance of intrinsically superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride membranes for direct contact membrane distillation. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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95
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Review on the Evaluation of the Impacts of Wastewater Disposal in Hydraulic Fracturing Industry in the United States. TECHNOLOGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/technologies8040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper scrutinized hydraulic fracturing applications mainly in the United States with regard to both groundwater and surface water contamination with the purpose of bringing forth objective analysis of research findings. Results from previous studies are often unconvincing due to the incomplete database of chemical additives; after and before well-founded water samples to define the change in parameters; and specific sources of water pollution in a particular region. Nonetheless, there is a superior chance of both surface and groundwater contamination induced by improper and less monitored wastewater disposal and management practices. This report has documented systematic evidence for total dissolved solids, salinity, and methane contamination regarding drinking water correlated with hydraulic fracturing. Methane concentrations were found on an average rate of 19.2 mg/L, which is 17 times higher than the acceptance rate and the maximum value was recorded as 64.2 mg/L near the active hydraulic fracturing drilling and extraction zones than that of the nonactive sites (1.1 mg/L). The concentration of total dissolved solids (350 g/L) was characterized as a voluminous amount of saline wastewater, which was quite unexpectedly high. The paper concludes with plausible solutions that should be implemented to avoid further contamination.
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96
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Anvari A, Azimi Yancheshme A, Ronen A. Enhanced performance of membrane distillation using radio-frequency induction heated thermally conducting feed spacers. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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97
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Scheepers D, Tahir A, Brunner C, Guillen-Burrieza E. Vacuum membrane distillation multi-component numerical model for ammonia recovery from liquid streams. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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98
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Low-cost high-efficiency solar membrane distillation for treatment of oil produced waters. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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99
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Enhanced Performance of Carbon Nanotube Immobilized Membrane for the Treatment of High Salinity Produced Water via Direct Contact Membrane Distillation. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10110325. [PMID: 33142940 PMCID: PMC7693716 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising desalination technology for the treatment of high salinity water. Here, we investigated the fouling characteristics of produced water obtained from hydraulic fracturing by implementing a carbon nanotube immobilized membrane (CNIM) via direct contact membrane distillation. The CNIM exhibited enhanced water vapor flux and antifouling characteristics compared to the pristine membrane. The normalized flux decline with the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane after 7 h of operation was found to be 18.2% more than the CNIM. The addition of 1-Hydroxy Ethylidene-1, 1-Diphosphonic acid (HEDP) antiscalant was found to be effective in reducing the membrane fouling. The salt deposition on the membrane surface was 77% less in the CNIM, which was further reduced with the addition of HEDP in the feed by up to 135.4% in comparison with the PTFE membrane. The presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the membrane surface also facilitated the regenerability of the membrane. The results indicated that the CNIM regained 90.9% of its initial water flux after washing, whereas the unmodified PTFE only regained 81.1% of its initial flux after five days of operation.
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100
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Frappa M, Del Rio Castillo AE, Macedonio F, Politano A, Drioli E, Bonaccorso F, Pellegrini V, Gugliuzza A. A few-layer graphene for advanced composite PVDF membranes dedicated to water desalination: a comparative study. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:4728-4739. [PMID: 36132930 PMCID: PMC9417500 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00403k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation is envisaged to be a promising best practice to recover freshwater from seawater with the prospect of building low energy-consuming devices powered by natural and renewable energy sources in remote and less accessible areas. Moreover, there is an additional benefit of integrating this green technology with other well-established operations dedicated to desalination. Today, the development of membrane distillation depends on the productivity-efficiency ratio on a large scale. Despite hydrophobic commercial membranes being widely used, no membrane with suitable morphological and chemical feature is readily available in the market. Thus, there is a real need to identify best practices for developing new efficient membranes for more productive and eco-sustainable membrane distillation devices. Here, we propose engineered few-layer graphene membranes, showing enhanced trans-membrane fluxes and total barrier action against NaCl ions. The obtained performances are linked with filling polymeric membranes with few-layer graphene of 490 nm in lateral size, produced by the wet-jet milling technology. The experimental evidence, together with comparative analyses, confirmed that the use of more largely sized few-layer graphene leads to superior productivity related efficiency trade-off for the membrane distillation process. Herein, it was demonstrated that the quality of exfoliation is a crucial factor for addressing the few-layer graphene supporting the separation capability of the host membranes designed for water desalination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Frappa
- Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM) Via Pietro Bucci 17C Rende (CS) 87036 Italy
| | - A E Del Rio Castillo
- Graphene Labs, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 3016163 Genova Italy
| | - F Macedonio
- Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM) Via Pietro Bucci 17C Rende (CS) 87036 Italy
| | - A Politano
- Graphene Labs, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 3016163 Genova Italy
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila Via Vetoio 67100 L'Aquila AQ Italy
| | - E Drioli
- Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM) Via Pietro Bucci 17C Rende (CS) 87036 Italy
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria Via P. Bucci 87036 Rende CS Italy
| | - F Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 3016163 Genova Italy
- Bedimensional s.p.a Via Albisola 121 16163 Genova Italy
| | - V Pellegrini
- Graphene Labs, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 3016163 Genova Italy
- Bedimensional s.p.a Via Albisola 121 16163 Genova Italy
| | - A Gugliuzza
- Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM) Via Pietro Bucci 17C Rende (CS) 87036 Italy
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