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Mazinani S, Al-Shimmery A, Chew YJ, Mattia D. 3D printed nanofiltration composite membranes with reduced concentration polarisation. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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52
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Li H, Ren D, Zhuang M, Wang Z, Zhang X, Zhang S, Chen W. Synthesis and property study of a polyether tercopolymer scale inhibitor with carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of metallurgic Mineral Resources Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Dajun Ren
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of metallurgic Mineral Resources Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Mengjuan Zhuang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of metallurgic Mineral Resources Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Zhaobo Wang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of metallurgic Mineral Resources Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of metallurgic Mineral Resources Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Shuqin Zhang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of metallurgic Mineral Resources Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Wangsheng Chen
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of metallurgic Mineral Resources Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
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Barbhuiya NH, Misra U, Singh SP. Biocatalytic membranes for combating the challenges of membrane fouling and micropollutants in water purification: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131757. [PMID: 34371356 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few years, the list of water contaminants has grown tremendously due to many anthropogenic activities. Various conventional technologies are available for water and wastewater treatment. However, micropollutants of emerging concern (MEC) are posing a great threat due to their activity at trace concentration and poor removal efficiency by the conventional treatment processes. Advanced technology like membrane technology can remove MEC to some extent. However, issues like the different chemical properties of MEC, selectivity, and fouling of membranes can affect the removal efficiency. Moreover, the concentrate from the membrane filtration may need further treatment. Enzymatic degradation of pollutants and foulants is one of the green approaches for removing various contaminants from the water as well as mitigating membrane fouling. Biocatalytic membranes (BCMs), in which enzymes are immobilized on membranes, combines the advantages of membrane separation and enzymatic degradation. This review article discussed various commonly used enzymes in BCMs for removing MEC and fouling. The majorly used enzymes were oxidoreductases and hydrolases for removing MEC, antifouling, and self-cleaning ability. The various BCM synthesis processes based on entrapment, crosslinking, and binding have been summarized, along with the effects of the addition of the nanoparticles on the performances of the BCMs. The scale-up, commercial viability, challenges, and future direction for improving BCMs have been discussed and shown bright possibilities for these new generation membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmul Haque Barbhuiya
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Utkarsh Misra
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India; Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science (CRNTS), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Swatantra P Singh
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India; Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science (CRNTS), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India; Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies (IDPCS), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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54
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Jiang W, Xu X, Johnson D, Lin L, Wang H, Xu P. Effectiveness and mechanisms of electromagnetic field on reverse osmosis membrane scaling control during brackish groundwater desalination. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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55
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Review of New Approaches for Fouling Mitigation in Membrane Separation Processes in Water Treatment Applications. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review investigates antifouling agents used in the process of membrane separation (MS), in reverse osmosis (RO), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), microfiltration (MF), membrane distillation (MD), and membrane bioreactors (MBR), and clarifies the fouling mechanism. Membrane fouling is an incomplete substance formed on the membrane surface, which will quickly reduce the permeation flux and damage the membrane. Foulant is colloidal matter: organic matter (humic acid, protein, carbohydrate, nano/microplastics), inorganic matter (clay such as potassium montmorillonite, silica salt, metal oxide, etc.), and biological matter (viruses, bacteria and microorganisms adhering to the surface of the membrane in the case of nutrients) The stability and performance of the tested nanometric membranes, as well as the mitigation of pollution assisted by electricity and the cleaning and repair of membranes, are reported. Physical, chemical, physico-chemical, and biological methods for cleaning membranes. Biologically induced biofilm dispersion effectively controls fouling. Dynamic changes in membrane foulants during long-term operation are critical to the development and implementation of fouling control methods. Membrane fouling control strategies show that improving membrane performance is not only the end goal, but new ideas and new technologies for membrane cleaning and repair need to be explored and developed in order to develop future applications.
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Abstract
Water serves as an indispensable part of human life and production. On account of the overexploitation of traditional water sources, the demand for wastewater recycling is expanding rapidly. As a promising water treatment process, membrane distillation (MD) has been utilized in various wastewater treatments, such as desalination brine, textile wastewater, radioactive wastewater, and oily wastewater. This review summarized the investigation work applying MD in wastewater treatment, and the performance was comprehensively introduced. Moreover, the obstructions of industrialization, such as membrane fouling, membrane wetting, and high energy consumption, were discussed with the practical investigation. To cope with these problems, various strategies have been adopted to enhance MD performance, including coupling membrane processes and developing membranes with specific surface characteristics. In addition, the significance of nutrient recovery and waste heat utilization was indicated.
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57
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Wang M, Cao B, Hu Y, Rodrigues DF. Mineral Scaling on Reverse Osmosis Membranes: Role of Mass, Orientation, and Crystallinity on Permeability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16110-16119. [PMID: 34788020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Prior mineral scaling investigations mainly studied the effects of membrane surface properties rather than on the mineral properties and their impact on membrane permeability. In our study, mass, crystal growth orientation, and crystallinity of mineral precipitates on membranes, as well as their effects on membrane permeability have been investigated. Gypsum scaling tests on bare and bovine serum albumin (BSA)-conditioned membranes were conducted under different saturation indices. Results show that a longer scaling period was required for BSA-conditioned membranes to reach the same membrane permeate flux decline as bare membranes. Though the final reduced permeability was the same for both two membranes, the masses of the mineral precipitates on BSA-conditioned membranes were around two times more than those on bare membranes. Further mineral characterizations confirmed that different permeability decay rates of both types of the membrane were attributed to the differences in growth orientations rather than amounts of gypsum precipitates. Moreover, BSA-conditioned layers with high carboxylic density and specific molecular structure could stabilize bassanite and disrupt the oriented growth to inhibit the formation of needle-like gypsum crystals as observed on bare membranes, thus resulting in lower surface coverage with scales on membranes and alleviating the detrimental scaling effect on membrane permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Yandi Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Debora F Rodrigues
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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58
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Courtney C, Randall DG. Precipitation to remove calcium ions from stabilized human urine as a pre-treatment for reverse osmosis. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:3755-3768. [PMID: 34928841 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Concentration of Ca(OH)2 stabilized urine by reverse osmosis (RO) has the potential to cause CaCO3 scaling on the membranes. The aim of this research was to determine whether the addition of carbonate salts could be used to precipitate CaCO3 prior to RO concentration and how to accurately dose the salts. Dosing of NaHCO3 or Na2CO3 reduced the calcium concentration to <0.18 mmol L-1, whilst maintaining a pH > 11. This is the pH threshold for enzymatic urea hydrolysis in urine, but above the operating pH range of most membranes. However, the pH could be decreased by adding an acid. Measuring conductivity as a proxy for the calcium concentration was found to be an effective method to determine the dose of salt required. Simulations with other carbonate-producing salts (KHCO3, MgCO3, and NH4HCO3) were also shown to be effective. However, NH4HCO3 ($0.53 m-3 urine) was the only other salt comparable in cost to NaHCO3 ($0.49 m-3 urine) and resulted in a final pH within the normal operating range of membranes. The addition of NH4HCO3 would add extra N to the urine rather than sodium ions when dosing NaHCO3. The choice of salt will ultimately depend on what liquid fertilizer composition is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Courtney
- Civil Engineering Department & Future Water Institute, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa E-mail:
| | - Dyllon G Randall
- Civil Engineering Department & Future Water Institute, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa E-mail:
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59
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Jalab R, Saad MA, Hussein IA, Onawole AT. Calcite Scale Inhibition Using Environmental-Friendly Amino Acid Inhibitors: DFT Investigation. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:32120-32132. [PMID: 34870033 PMCID: PMC8638018 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Scale prevention is a long-term challenge. It is essential for ensuring the optimum utilization of oil and gas wells and minimizing economic losses due to disruptions in the hydrocarbon flow. Among the commonly precipitated scales is calcite, especially in oilfield production facilities. Previous studies on scale inhibitors have focused on investigating the performance of several phosphonates and carboxylates. However, the increased environmental awareness has pushed toward investigating environmental-friendly inhibitors. Research studies demonstrated the potential of using amino acids as standalone inhibitors or as inhibitor-modifying reagents. In this study, 10 amino acids for calcite inhibitors have been investigated using molecular simulations. Eco-toxicity, quantum chemical calculations, binding energy, geometrical, and charge analyses were all evaluated to gain a holistic view of the behavior and interaction of these inhibitors with the calcite {1 0 4} surface. According to the DFT simulation, alanine, aspartic acid, phenylalanine, and tyrosine amino acids have the best inhibitor features. The results revealed that the binding energies were -2.16, -1.75, -2.24, and -2.66 eV for alanine, aspartic acid, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, respectively. Therefore, this study predicted an inhibition efficiency of the order tyrosine > phenylalanine > alanine > aspartic acid. The predicted inhibition efficiency order reveals agreement with the reported experimental results. Finally, the geometrical and charge analyses illustrated that the adsorption onto calcite is physisorption in the acquired adsorption energy range.
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60
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Müller M, Abetz V. Nonequilibrium Processes in Polymer Membrane Formation: Theory and Experiment. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14189-14231. [PMID: 34032399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Porous polymer and copolymer membranes are useful for ultrafiltration of functional macromolecules, colloids, and water purification. In particular, block copolymer membranes offer a bottom-up approach to form isoporous membranes. To optimize permeability, selectivity, longevity, and cost, and to rationally design fabrication processes, direct insights into the spatiotemporal structure evolution are necessary. Because of a multitude of nonequilibrium processes in polymer membrane formation, theoretical predictions via continuum models and particle simulations remain a challenge. We compiled experimental observations and theoretical approaches for homo- and block copolymer membranes prepared by nonsolvent-induced phase separation and highlight the interplay of multiple nonequilibrium processes─evaporation, solvent-nonsolvent exchange, diffusion, hydrodynamic flow, viscoelasticity, macro- and microphase separation, and dynamic arrest─that dictates the complex structure of the membrane on different scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Müller
- Georg-August Universität, Institut für Theoretische Physik, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Volker Abetz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institut für Membranforschung, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.,Universität Hamburg, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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61
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Liu J, Li Q, Mao F, Wang K, Wu H. 2D MOFs-based Materials for the Application of Water Pollutants Removing: Fundamentals and Prospects. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:3585-3598. [PMID: 34569726 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Water quality can have serious impacts on human health. One crucial issue of water pollution seriously affects our safety due to the continually emerging of discovered anthropogenic pollutants. The water treatment technologies are persistent improvement to adapt such new contaminants, which accelerates the evolution of materials science to explore solving the problems. Metal-organic Frameworks (MOFs) as the significant porous and multi-dimensional networks has been concerned for toxic pollutant elimination, especially probed the applications of outstanding layered 2D skeletons MOFs-based materials. The emphases of this review highlight the 2D MOFs-based materials used in water remediation and treatment strategies including adsorption and catalysis methods. Further, the prospects and challenges of 2D MOFs-based materials for water treatments applications would be surveyed meticulously for the future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Feifei Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Kuaibing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Hua Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
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62
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Comparison of calcium scaling in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and nanofiltration (NF). J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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63
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Contactless membrane distillation for effective ammonia recovery from waste sludge: A new configuration and mass transfer mechanism. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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64
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Sanjiv Raj K, Nirmala Devi M, Palanisamy K, Subramanian V. Individual and synergetic effect of EDTA and NTA on polymorphism and morphology of CaCO3 crystallization process in presence of barium. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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65
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Sarker NR, Bilton AM. Real-time computational imaging of reverse osmosis membrane scaling under intermittent operation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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66
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Futterlieb M, ElSherbiny IMA, Tuczinski M, Lipnizki J, Panglisch S. Limits of High Recovery Inland Desalination: Closed‐Circuit Reverse Osmosis – a Viable Option? CHEM-ING-TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Futterlieb
- University of Duisburg-Essen Chair for Mechanical Process Engineering and Water Technology Lotharstraße 1 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Ibrahim M. A. ElSherbiny
- University of Duisburg-Essen Chair for Mechanical Process Engineering and Water Technology Lotharstraße 1 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Marc Tuczinski
- IWW Water Centre Moritzstraße 26 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Jens Lipnizki
- Suez WTS Germany GmbH Daniel-Goldbach-Straße 17–19 40880 Ratingen Germany
| | - Stefan Panglisch
- University of Duisburg-Essen Chair for Mechanical Process Engineering and Water Technology Lotharstraße 1 47057 Duisburg Germany
- DGMT German Society of Membrane Technology Geschäftsstelle ZWU Universitätsstraße 2 45141 Essen Germany
- IWW Water Centre Moritzstraße 26 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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67
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Zhang W, Zhang X. Effective inhibition of gypsum using an ion–ion selective nanofiltration membrane pretreatment process for seawater desalination. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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68
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Numerical Simulations of Calcium Sulphate Scaling in Full-Scale Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis Pressure Vessels Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11070521. [PMID: 34357171 PMCID: PMC8306596 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11070521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Coal mine waters often have high salinity, hardness and alkalinity. The treatment of coal mine water requires careful management of multi-stage reverse osmosis (RO) systems to achieve effective recovery of water for domestic reuse, as well as zero liquid discharge to minimise the impact to the local environment. Design of RO systems for coal mine water treatment has been limited to the use of commercial design packages provided by membrane manufacturers, which do not provide insights into the impact of operating parameters such as feedwater salinity, concentrations of sparingly soluble salts, feed pressure and their interactions with different RO modules on the fouling/scaling potential of RO membranes. This also restricts the use of novel RO products and the delivery of an optimum design based on real needs. In this work, a mathematical model was developed to simulate a standard brackish water RO pressure vessel consisting six full-size RO membrane elements, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The model can be used to predict the permeate flowrate, water recovery levels, as well as the spatial information of the accumulation and scaling potential of sparingly soluble salts on the membrane surface. The results obtained from the model showed good agreement with the results obtained from the commercial RO design software WAVE. The CFD model was then used to predict the scaling threshold on various positions of a full-scale RO element, at different operating conditions, using parametric simulations based on Central Composite Designs. Outputs from this work not only provide insights into the microscopic flow characteristics of multiple full-scale elements in the RO pressure vessel, but also predicts the position where scaling would occur, at different feed conditions, for any RO products.
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69
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Ansari A, Peña-Bahamonde J, Wang M, Shaffer DL, Hu Y, Rodrigues DF. Polyacrylic acid-brushes tethered to graphene oxide membrane coating for scaling and biofouling mitigation on reverse osmosis membranes. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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70
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Chen L, Chen Z, Wang Y, Mao Y, Cai Z. Effective treatment of leachate concentrate using membrane distillation coupled with electrochemical oxidation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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71
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Hamdona S, El-Aassar AHM, Ahmed AEMM, Nasra AES, Morsy A. Enhancing anti-scaling resistances of aromatic polyamide reverse osmosis membranes using a new natural materials inhibitor. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING - PROCESS INTENSIFICATION 2021; 164:108404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cep.2021.108404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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72
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Green and High Effective Scale Inhibitor Based on Ring-Opening Graft Modification of Polyaspartic Acid. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11070802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyaspartic acid (PASP)-based green scale inhibitor has great potential application in water treatment. Here, we first synthesized PASP in ionic liquid. Then, an effective PASP-based green scale inhibitor was synthesized by ring-opening graft modification of PASP with both aspartic acid (ASP) and monoethanolamine (MEA). Its chemical composition was characterized by gel chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Scale inhibition efficiency was measured by static scale inhibition tests. The results showed that the new PASP-based scale inhibitor has high scale inhibition to both CaCO3 and Ca3(PO4)2. When the concentration was increased to 2 mg/L, the inhibition efficiency of the new PASP-based scale inhibitor was 99% for CaCO3, while when the concentration was raised to only 4 mg/L, its inhibition efficiency increased to 100% for Ca3(PO4)2. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the changes of crystal structure for CaCO3 and Ca3(PO4)2 after adding the new PASP-based scale inhibitor. The crystal size of CaCO3 and Ca3(PO4)2 became smaller and the crystal form became amorphous after adding the modified PASPs compared with adding pure PASP. Moreover, the modified PASP showed good biodegradation performance.
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73
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Advances in seawater membrane distillation (SWMD) towards stand-alone zero liquid discharge (ZLD) desalination. REV CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2020-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Seawater membrane distillation (SWMD) is a promising separation technology due to its ability to operate as a stand-alone desalination unit operation. This paper reviews approaches to improve laboratory-to-pilot-scale MD performance, which comprise operational strategies, module design, and specifically tailored membranes. A detailed comparison of SWMD and sea water reverse osmosis is presented to further analyze the critical shortcomings of SWMD. The unique features of SWMD, namely the ability to operate with extremely high salt rejection and at extreme feed concentration, highlight the SWMD potential to be operated under zero liquid discharge (ZLD) conditions, which results in the production of high-purity water and simultaneous salt recovery, as well as the elimination of the brine disposal cost. However, technical challenges, such as thermal energy requirements, inefficient heat transfer and integration, low water recovery factors, and lack of studies on real-case valuable-salt recovery, are impeding the commercialization of ZLD SWMD. This review highlights the possibility of applying selected strategies to push forward ZLD SWMD commercialization. Suggestions are projected to include intermittent removal of valuable salts, in-depth study on the robustness of novel membranes, module and configuration, utilization of a low-cost heat exchanger, and capital cost reduction in a renewable-energy-integrated SWMD plant.
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74
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Yin Y, Jeong N, Minjarez R, Robbins CA, Carlson KH, Tong T. Contrasting Behaviors between Gypsum and Silica Scaling in the Presence of Antiscalants during Membrane Distillation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:5335-5346. [PMID: 33703888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mineral scaling is a major constraint that limits the performance of membrane distillation (MD) for hypersaline wastewater treatment. Although the use of antiscalants is a common industrial practice to mitigate mineral scaling, the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of antiscalants in inhibiting different mineral scaling types have not been systematically investigated. Herein, we perform a comparative investigation to elucidate the efficiencies of antiscalant candidates with varied functional groups for mitigating gypsum scaling and silica scaling in MD desalination. We show that antiscalants with Ca(II)-complexing moieties (e.g., carboxyl group) are the most effective to inhibit gypsum scaling formed via crystallization, whereas amino-enriched antiscalants possess the best performance to mitigate silica scaling created by polymerization. A set of microscopic and spectroscopic analyses reveal distinct mechanisms of antiscalants required for those two common types of scaling. The mitigating effect of antiscalants on gypsum scaling is attributed to the stabilization of scale precursors and nascent CaSO4 nuclei, which hinders phase transformation of amorphous CaSO4 toward crystalline gypsum. In contrast, antiscalants facilitate the polymerization of silicic acid, immobilizing active silica precursors and retarding the gelation of silica scale layer on the membrane surface. Our study, for the first time, demonstrates that antiscalants with different functionalities are required for the mitigation of gypsum scaling and silica scaling, providing mechanistic insights on the molecular design of antiscalants tailored to MD applications for the treatment of wastewaters containing different scaling types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Yin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Nohyeong Jeong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Ronny Minjarez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Cristian A Robbins
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Kenneth H Carlson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Tiezheng Tong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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75
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Matin A, Laoui T, Falath W, Farooque M. Fouling control in reverse osmosis for water desalination & reuse: Current practices & emerging environment-friendly technologies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:142721. [PMID: 33129530 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Reverse Osmosis (RO) is becoming increasingly popular for seawater desalination and wastewater reclamation. However, fouling of the membranes adversely impacts the overall process efficiency and economics. To date, several strategies and approaches have been used in RO plants and investigated at the laboratory-scale for their effectiveness in the control of different fouling types. Amid growing concerns and stringent regulations for the conservation of environment, there is an increasing trend to identify technologies that are effective in fouling mitigation as well as friendly to the environment. The present review elaborates on the different types of environment-friendly technologies for membrane fouling control that are currently being used or under investigation. It commences with a brief introduction to the global water crisis and the potential of membrane-based processes in overcoming this problem. This is followed by a section on membrane fouling that briefly describes the major fouling types and their impact on the membrane performance. Section 3 discusses the predominant fouling control/prevention strategies including feedwater pretreatment, membrane and spacer surface modification and membrane cleaning. The currently employed techniques are discussed together with their drawbacks, with some light being shed on the emerging technologies that have the ability to overcome the current limitations. The penultimate section provides a detailed discussion on a variety of eco-friendly/chemical free techniques investigated to control different fouling types. These include both control and prevention strategies, for example, bioflocculation and electromagnetic fields, as well as remediation techniques such as osmotic backwashing and gas purging. In addition, quorum sensing has been specifically discussed for biofouling remediation. The promising findings from different studies are presented followed by a discussion on their drawbacks and limitations. The review concludes with a need for carrying out fundamental studies to develop better understanding of the eco-friendly processes discussed in the penultimate section and their optimization for possible integration into the RO plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Matin
- Center of Research Excellence in Desalination & Water Treatment, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Center for Environment & Water, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tahar Laoui
- Dept. of Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Desalination Research Group, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Wail Falath
- Center of Research Excellence in Desalination & Water Treatment, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Center for Environment & Water, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed Farooque
- Desalination Technologies Research Institute, Saline Water Conversion Corporation, Jubail, Saudi Arabia
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76
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Jiang B, Hu B, Yang N, Zhang L, Sun Y, Xiao X. Study of Turbulence Promoters in Prolonging Membrane Life. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:268. [PMID: 33917725 PMCID: PMC8068148 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11040268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanofiltration membrane technology is an effective method for secondary treated sewage purification. However, membrane fouling, which is inevitable in the membrane-separation process, can reduce membrane performance and shorten membrane life. Installing a turbulence promoter is a promising means of improving the hydraulic conditions inside the membrane chamber. In this study, the effect of turbulence promoter on prolonging membrane life was studied for the first time. Flat-sheet polyethersulfone nanofiltration membrane was used to filter humic acid solution, used for simulating secondary treated sewage. By comparing photographs and SEM images of the membrane before and after the simulated secondary treated sewage filtration, it was found that humic acid tended to be deposited on the low-velocity region, which was reflected by COMSOL simulation. After incorporating a turbulence promoter, the reduction of the humic acid deposition area and membrane fouling resistance indicated that the turbulence promoter could reduce membrane fouling due to the improved hydraulic conditions. Additionally, the turbulence promoter also increased the flux and reduced the flux decay rate. The turbulence promoter was then place in the crossflow flat-sheet membrane filtration module, and the variation of flux with time was tested in simulated secondary treated sewage with different concentrations. The results showed that the membrane life for the filtration of simulated secondary treated sewage comprising 50, 250, and 500 ppm humic acid increased by 23.1%, 80.4%, and 85.7%, respectively. The results of this article can serve as a reference for the prediction of membrane life and the performance enhancement mechanism of membranes containing a turbulence promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoming Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (B.J.); (B.H.); (N.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.S.)
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77
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Aldahdooh MK, Ali SA. Synthesis and application of alternate cyclopolymers of β-diallylaminoethyliminodiacetic acid with maleic acid and sulfur dioxide. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.104857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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78
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Operation conditions affecting scale formation in membrane distillation - An in situ scale study based on optical coherence tomography. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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79
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Zhao Y, Tong T, Wang X, Lin S, Reid EM, Chen Y. Differentiating Solutes with Precise Nanofiltration for Next Generation Environmental Separations: A Review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:1359-1376. [PMID: 33439001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c04593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Selective removal or enrichment of targeted solutes including micropollutants, valuable elements, and mineral scalants from complex aqueous matrices is both challenging and pivotal to the success of water purification and resource recovery from unconventional water resources. Membrane separation with precision at the subnanometer or even subangstrom scale is of paramount importance to address those challenges via enabling "fit-for-purpose" water and wastewater treatment. So far, researchers have attempted to develop novel membrane materials with precise and tailored selectivity by tuning membrane structure and chemistry. In this critical review, we first present the environmental challenges and opportunities that necessitate improved solute-solute selectivity in membrane separation. We then discuss the mechanisms and desired membrane properties required for better membrane selectivity. On the basis of the most recent progress reported in the literature, we examine the key principles of material design and fabrication, which create membranes with enhanced and more targeted selectivity. We highlight the important roles of surface engineering, nanotechnology, and molecular-level design in improving membrane selectivity. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of highly selective NF membranes for practical environmental applications, identifying knowledge gaps that will guide future research to promote environmental sustainability through more precise and tunable membrane separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangying Zhao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Tiezheng Tong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Xiaomao Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shihong Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Elliot M Reid
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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80
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Fabrication of superhydrophobic PDTS-ZnO-PVDF membrane and its anti-wetting analysis in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) applications. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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81
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Synergistic inhibition effect and mechanism of polycation and polyanion on colloidal silica. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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82
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Renewable energy powered membrane technology: Impact of osmotic backwash on scaling during solar irradiance fluctuation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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83
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Melnik LA, Kucheruk DD, Pshinko GN. Antiscalants in the Process of Reverse Osmosis: Antiscaling Mechanism and Modern Problems of Application. J WATER CHEM TECHNO+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s1063455x20060077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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84
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Hole-Type Spacers for More Stable Shale Gas-Produced Water Treatment by Forward Osmosis. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11010034. [PMID: 33401564 PMCID: PMC7824311 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An appropriate spacer design helps in minimizing membrane fouling which remains the major obstacle in forward osmosis (FO) systems. In the present study, the performance of a hole-type spacer (having holes at the filament intersections) was evaluated in a FO system and compared to a standard spacer design (without holes). The hole-type spacer exhibited slightly higher water flux and reverse solute flux (RSF) when Milli-Q water was used as feed solution and varied sodium chloride concentrations as draw solution. During shale gas produced water treatment, a severe flux decline was observed for both spacer designs due to the formation of barium sulfate scaling. SEM imaging revealed that the high shear force induced by the creation of holes led to the formation of scales on the entire membrane surface, causing a slightly higher flux decline than the standard spacer. Simultaneously, the presence of holes aided to mitigate the accumulation of foulants on spacer surface, resulting in no increase in pressure drop. Furthermore, a full cleaning efficiency was achieved by hole-type spacer attributed to the micro-jets effect induced by the holes, which aided to destroy the foulants and then sweep them away from the membrane surface.
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85
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Oshchepkov M, Golovesov V, Ryabova A, Tkachenko S, Redchuk A, Rönkkömäki H, Rudakova G, Pervov A, Popov K. Visualization of a novel fluorescent-tagged bisphosphonate behavior during reverse osmosis desalination of water with high sulfate content. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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86
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Jaramillo H, Boo C, Hashmi SM, Elimelech M. Zwitterionic coating on thin-film composite membranes to delay gypsum scaling in reverse osmosis. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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87
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Melliti E, Touati K, Van der Bruggen B, Elfil H. Effect of Fe 2+ ions on gypsum precipitation during bulk crystallization of reverse osmosis concentrates. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127866. [PMID: 32814139 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In reverse osmosis desalination, the concentrate is a saline solution that may become supersaturated. Heterogeneous nucleation of salts occurs at the membrane surface, resulting in the buildup of inorganic deposits on the membrane. The inorganic nucleation process, however, is complex in natural waters. Most studies focused primarily on single salt fouling of membranes, and related treatment for single solute systems. However, scale formation, especially gypsum, is affected by the presence of different salts and metals. In this wok, for the first time, we investigate the mixed precipitation of iron oxides and gypsum. The role of citric acid in the inhibition of precipitation was studied for different concentrations in both the absence and the presence of Fe2+. Conductivity and ion concentration measurements were used to estimate the formation time of gypsum. Scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XDR) analysis, and Infra-Red spectroscopy analysis were used to provide structural information. Collected data showed that the presence of Fe2+ accelerates gypsum precipitation and shortens its induction time. Analytic results showed that gypsum crystals are greatly affected by the presence of Fe2+ ions, which generated needle shaped crystals. Citric acid can delay the induction time of gypsum precipitation. It also affects the morphology of gypsum crystals through adsorption mechanism. XDR diagrams revealed that the presence of citric acid (20 mg/L) can stabilize the bassanite phase (CaSO4·½H2O) for much longer periods. In the presence of Fe2+ ions, citric acid extends the induction time of calcium sulfate and minimizes the acceleration effect of Fe2+ ions. SEM images showed that the presence of ferrous ions during the chemical inhibition generates the β-hemihydrate form of calcium sulfate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emna Melliti
- Laboratory of Desalination and Nature Water Valorization, Centre of Water Researches and Technologies (CERTE), B.P. 273, Soliman, 8020, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Touati
- Laboratory of Desalination and Nature Water Valorization, Centre of Water Researches and Technologies (CERTE), B.P. 273, Soliman, 8020, Tunisia; Department of Building, Civil, and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, 1515 Ste-Catherine St. W. EV 6.139, Montreal, QC, H3G 2W1, Canada
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (Proc ESS), Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hamza Elfil
- Laboratory of Desalination and Nature Water Valorization, Centre of Water Researches and Technologies (CERTE), B.P. 273, Soliman, 8020, Tunisia.
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88
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Yan Z, Qu F, Liang H, Yu H, Pang H, Rong H, Fan G, Van der Bruggen B. Effect of biopolymers and humic substances on gypsum scaling and membrane wetting during membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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89
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Sayed ET, Shehata N, Abdelkareem MA, Atieh MA. Recent progress in environmentally friendly bio-electrochemical devices for simultaneous water desalination and wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 748:141046. [PMID: 32827889 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bio-electrochemical systems (BESs) use electroactive micro-organisms for degrading organic materials in wastes for energy and/or chemical production. Microbial based desalination system is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly technique that can be used for water desalination with simultaneous wastewater treatment and energy harvesting. These systems can be used as a standalone technology for water desalination such as microbial desalination cell, microbial electrolysis desalination cell, or a hybrid with other desalination technology. This review summarized the recent progress in using BESs for water desalination, including microbial fuel cell-based desalination (MDC) and microbial electrolysis cell-based desalination (MEDC). The different scaling up trials to commercialize this technology, including the controlling parameters, are discussed. Moreover, the different hybrid desalination systems based on BES are summarized. Finally, the challenges facing the commercialization of the MDC systems were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas Taha Sayed
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Egypt
| | - Nabila Shehata
- Environmental Science and Industrial Development Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni‑Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Egypt; Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muataz Ali Atieh
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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90
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Chain architectures of various cellulose-based antiscalants on the inhibition of calcium carbonate scale. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21906. [PMID: 33318513 PMCID: PMC7736879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78408-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Two series of cellulose-based antiscalants with different chain architectures, i.e., linear carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and branch-shaped carboxymethyl cellulose-graft-poly(acrylic acid) (CMC-g-PAA), were synthesized. The carboxyl groups were distributed on CMC backbone but mainly on the grafted chains of CMC-g-PAA. The addition of CMC and CMC-g-PAA can both increase the surface energy of CaCO3 scale and decrease its crystal nucleation rate, thereby inhibiting CaCO3 scale formation. The structural effects of these cellulose-based antiscalants, especially the chain architectures, on the scale inhibition were investigated in detail. High degree of carboxymethyl substitution caused better inhibition effect of linear CMC. However, CMC-g-PAA with an appropriate content of carboxyl groups but high average number of PAA grafted chains can achieve high inhibition performance. Besides, with similar contents of carboxyl groups, CMC-g-PAA showed much better inhibition performance than CMC due to the distinct multi-dimensional spatial structure of graft copolymer in solution, causing the enhanced chelation and dispersion effects. Characterization of CaCO3 crystal by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed that crystal distortion effect obviously existed in CMC but quite minor in CMC-g-PAA. The differences between the scale-inhibition performance of CMC and CMC-g-PAA should be attributed to the different scale-inhibition mechanisms originated in their distinct chain architectures.
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91
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Huang X, Li C, Zuo K, Li Q. Predominant Effect of Material Surface Hydrophobicity on Gypsum Scale Formation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:15395-15404. [PMID: 33064949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Scale formation is an important challenge in water and wastewater treatment systems. However, due to the complex nature of membrane surfaces, the effects of specific membrane surface characteristics on scale formation are poorly understood. In this study, the independent effect of surface hydrophobicity on gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) scale formation via surface-induced nucleation and bulk homogeneous nucleation was investigated using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) terminated with -OH, -CH3, and -CF3 functional groups. Results show that higher surface hydrophobicity enhances both surface-induced nucleation of gypsum and attachment of gypsum crystals formed from homogeneous nucleation in the bulk solution. The enhanced surface-induced nucleation is attributed to the lower nucleation energy barrier on a hydrophobic surface, while the increased gypsum crystal attachment results from the favorable hydrophobic interactions between gypsum and more hydrophobic surfaces. Contrary to previous findings, the role of Ca2+ adsorption in surface-induced nucleation was found to be relatively small and similar on the different SAMs. Therefore, increasing material hydrophilicity is a potential approach to reduce gypsum scaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, MS-519, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, United States
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Rice University, MS-6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, United States
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, MS-519, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, United States
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kuichang Zuo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, MS-519, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, United States
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Rice University, MS-6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, United States
| | - Qilin Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, MS-519, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, United States
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Rice University, MS-6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, United States
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92
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Zhu CY, Li HN, Yang J, Li JJ, Ye JR, Xu ZK. Vacuum-assisted diamine monomer distribution for synthesizing polyamide composite membranes by interfacial polymerization. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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93
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Lu KG, Li M, Huang H. Silica scaling of reverse osmosis membranes preconditioned by natural organic matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 746:141178. [PMID: 32738720 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were preconditioned in this study with humic acid, sodium alginate, or bovine serum albumin, and subsequently examined for silica scaling using the water matrix representative of concentrated brackish groundwater. The results suggested that water matrix combined with organic foulants affected silica scaling. High ambient pH favored the moderate silica ionization and thus the silica homogeneous polymerization to potentially form low molecular weight silica oligomers. The resulting scaling layer was dense and highly impermeable. Under the high Ca proportion at a given hardness, membrane scaling was enhanced through the Ca-induced silica scaling and the formation of intermolecular bridges between adjacent silica species. In contrast, high Mg hardness may facilitate the sustainable growth of silica oligomers to form the ringed high molecular weight oligomers by reducing the required energy for chain deformation. The deposition of these oligomers caused a loose scaling layer with reduced hydraulic resistance to water permeation. During the scaling tests under similar water matrix, the membranes slightly fouled by organics suffered severe flux decline due to an available space provided by the pre-existing organic fouling layer for subsequent silica scaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ge Lu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China; College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Street, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Mengya Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Haiou Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China; Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, MD 21205, USA.
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94
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Synthesis and Visualization of a Novel Fluorescent-Tagged Polymeric Antiscalant during Gypsum Crystallization in Combination with Bisphosphonate Fluorophore. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10110992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An attempt to reveal the mechanisms of scale inhibition with the use of two different fluorescent-tagged antiscalants at once is undertaken. To reach the goal, a novel 1,8-naphthalimide-tagged polyacrylate (PAA-F2) is synthesized and tested separately and jointly with 1,8-naphthalimide-tagged bisphosphonate (HEDP-F) as a gypsum scale inhibitor within the frames of NACE Standard TM0374-2007. Here, it is found that at a dosage of 10 mg·dm−3 it provides a much higher inhibition efficiency (96%) than HEDP-F (32%). A PAA-F2 and HEDP-F blend (1:1 mass) has an intermediate efficacy (66%) and exhibits no synergism relative to its individual components. The visualization of PAA-F2 revealed a paradoxical effect: an antiscalant causes modification of the CaSO4·2H2O crystals habit, but does not interact with them, forming particles of its own solid complex [Ca-PAA-F2]. This paradox is interpreted in terms of the “nano/microdust” concept, prioritizing the bulk heterogeneous nucleation step, while an ability of the scale inhibitor to block the nucleus growth at the next steps is proven to be of secondary importance. At the same time, HEDP-F does not change the gypsum crystals morphology, although this antiscalant is completely located on the surface of the scale phase. The PAA-F2 and HEDP-F blend revealed an accumulation of both antiscalants in their own [Ca-PAA-F2/Ca-HEDP-F] phase with some traces of HEDP-F and PAA-F2 on the CaSO4·2H2O crystals surface. Thus, the visualization of two different antiscalants separately and jointly applied to gypsum deposition demonstrates differences in phosphonic and polymeric inhibitors location, and a lack of causal relationship between antiscalant efficiency and scale particle habit modification. Finally, it is shown that the confocal microscopy of several fluorescent antiscalant blends is capable of providing unique information on their interrelationships during scale deposition.
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95
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Yin Y, Jeong N, Tong T. The effects of membrane surface wettability on pore wetting and scaling reversibility associated with mineral scaling in membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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96
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Benslimane S, Bouhidel KE, Ferfache A, Farhi S. Mechanistic study of the synergetic inhibiting effects of Zn 2+, Cu 2+ and Mg 2+ ions on calcium carbonate precipitation. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 186:116323. [PMID: 32846384 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This research work investigates the Zn2+, Cu2+ and Mg2+ inhibiting effects on CaCO3 precipitation. The results demonstrate a synergetic effect of the Cu2+-Zn2+-Mg2+ mixture by a long (infinite) induction time. The individual inhibition action of Cu2+, Zn2+ and Mg2+ is well-established, but it is much lower than the effect of the mixture. A dual mechanism is suggested, where the inhibition effect is attributed to the cation interaction with hydroxide anions (OH-) to form the corresponding CuOH+, ZnOH+ and MgOH+ hydrocomplexes. This, in return, prevents and delays the CaCO3 precipitation. The pH range plays a crucial role in the effect where Cu2+ prevents the precipitation below a pH of 7.5. Zn2+ reacts in the pH range of 7.5 - 8.8, while Mg2+ completes the synergy by inhibiting the precipitation at high pH values. The results indicate that the inhibition efficiency by Mg2+ is improved in the presence of both Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions. These predictions were verified by theoretical calculations of thermodynamic equilibria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Benslimane
- Laboratory of Chemistry & Environmental Chemistry LCCE. Faculty of Sciences, University Hadj Lakhdar Batna, 05000, Algeria.
| | - Kamel-Eddine Bouhidel
- Laboratory of Chemistry & Environmental Chemistry LCCE. Faculty of Sciences, University Hadj Lakhdar Batna, 05000, Algeria
| | - Amira Ferfache
- Laboratory of Chemistry & Environmental Chemistry LCCE. Faculty of Sciences, University Hadj Lakhdar Batna, 05000, Algeria
| | - Souhila Farhi
- Laboratory of Chemistry & Environmental Chemistry LCCE. Faculty of Sciences, University Hadj Lakhdar Batna, 05000, Algeria
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97
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Enhanced Performance of Carbon Nanotube Immobilized Membrane for the Treatment of High Salinity Produced Water via Direct Contact Membrane Distillation. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10110325. [PMID: 33142940 PMCID: PMC7693716 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising desalination technology for the treatment of high salinity water. Here, we investigated the fouling characteristics of produced water obtained from hydraulic fracturing by implementing a carbon nanotube immobilized membrane (CNIM) via direct contact membrane distillation. The CNIM exhibited enhanced water vapor flux and antifouling characteristics compared to the pristine membrane. The normalized flux decline with the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane after 7 h of operation was found to be 18.2% more than the CNIM. The addition of 1-Hydroxy Ethylidene-1, 1-Diphosphonic acid (HEDP) antiscalant was found to be effective in reducing the membrane fouling. The salt deposition on the membrane surface was 77% less in the CNIM, which was further reduced with the addition of HEDP in the feed by up to 135.4% in comparison with the PTFE membrane. The presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the membrane surface also facilitated the regenerability of the membrane. The results indicated that the CNIM regained 90.9% of its initial water flux after washing, whereas the unmodified PTFE only regained 81.1% of its initial flux after five days of operation.
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98
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Blandin G, Ferrari F, Lesage G, Le-Clech P, Héran M, Martinez-Lladó X. Forward Osmosis as Concentration Process: Review of Opportunities and Challenges. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10100284. [PMID: 33066490 PMCID: PMC7602145 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10100284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years, osmotic membrane systems, such as forward osmosis (FO), have gained popularity as "soft" concentration processes. FO has unique properties by combining high rejection rate and low fouling propensity and can be operated without significant pressure or temperature gradient, and therefore can be considered as a potential candidate for a broad range of concentration applications where current technologies still suffer from critical limitations. This review extensively compiles and critically assesses recent considerations of FO as a concentration process for applications, including food and beverages, organics value added compounds, water reuse and nutrients recovery, treatment of waste streams and brine management. Specific requirements for the concentration process regarding the evaluation of concentration factor, modules and design and process operation, draw selection and fouling aspects are also described. Encouraging potential is demonstrated to concentrate streams more than 20-fold with high rejection rate of most compounds and preservation of added value products. For applications dealing with highly concentrated or complex streams, FO still features lower propensity to fouling compared to other membranes technologies along with good versatility and robustness. However, further assessments on lab and pilot scales are expected to better define the achievable concentration factor, rejection and effective concentration of valuable compounds and to clearly demonstrate process limitations (such as fouling or clogging) when reaching high concentration rate. Another important consideration is the draw solution selection and its recovery that should be in line with application needs (i.e., food compatible draw for food and beverage applications, high osmotic pressure for brine management, etc.) and be economically competitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetan Blandin
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Water, Air and Soil Unit, 08242 Manresa, Spain;
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090 Montpellier, France; (G.L.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Federico Ferrari
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), 17003 Girona, Spain;
| | - Geoffroy Lesage
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090 Montpellier, France; (G.L.); (M.H.)
| | - Pierre Le-Clech
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
| | - Marc Héran
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090 Montpellier, France; (G.L.); (M.H.)
| | - Xavier Martinez-Lladó
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Water, Air and Soil Unit, 08242 Manresa, Spain;
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99
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Ashfaq MY, Al-Ghouti MA, Zouari N. Functionalization of reverse osmosis membrane with graphene oxide and polyacrylic acid to control biofouling and mineral scaling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 736:139500. [PMID: 32479964 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membrane was modified with graphene oxide (GO), followed by polymerization of acrylic acid (used as an antiscalant) for the reduction of both biofouling and mineral scaling. After functionalization, the water contact angle reduced from 41.7 ± 4.5° for unmodified RO membrane to 24.4 ± 1.3° for the modified RO membranes, which showed that membrane hydrophilicity was significantly enhanced, in addition to the improvement in surface smoothness. The modified membranes were tested for their anti-scaling and anti-biofouling characteristics. When the mineral scaling test was performed using CaSO4 solution as feedwater, the permeate flux was reduced by only 3% as compared to the unmodified RO membrane which encountered up to 22% decline in flux by the end of the experiment. After the scaling test, the membrane surface was characterized by Scanning electron microscopy - energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray diffraction techniques. The results showed that the unmodified RO membrane was fully covered with gypsum precipitates. Whereas, the precipitates were detected only at the highly saturated zones of the water channel i.e. towards the exit of water flow. Additionally, the anti-bacterial test was performed through bacteriostasis rate determination, which showed that the modified membranes inhibited the growth of nearly 95% of the bacterial cells. Further experiments were also performed to investigate the inhibition of both scaling and biofouling by modified RO membranes. Thus, it was found that the polymer-modified GO coated RO membranes were able to diminish both gypsum scaling and biofilm formation demonstrating their potential to control different types of membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Y Ashfaq
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, State of Qatar, Doha, P.O. Box: 2713, Qatar
| | - Mohammad A Al-Ghouti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, State of Qatar, Doha, P.O. Box: 2713, Qatar.
| | - Nabil Zouari
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, State of Qatar, Doha, P.O. Box: 2713, Qatar
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100
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Liu E, Lee LY, Ong SL, Ng HY. Treatment of industrial brine using capacitive deionization (CDI) towards zero liquid discharge - challenges and optimization. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 183:116059. [PMID: 32721705 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thermal-based Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) process has been used for managing industrial brine. However, conventional thermal ZLD process is very energy intensive. In view of this, pre-concentration techniques have been applied prior to thermal process to reduce energy consumption of ZLD systems. Capacitive Deionization (CDI) is an emerging desalination technique and has yet to be extensively explored for the treatment of industrial brine especially for ZLD applications. High concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS) and high fouling potential of industrial brine are two major challenges in CDI process. This paper reviews the possible factors for optimizing CDI process in industrial brine treatment, namely, cell architectures, strategies in operation and fouling control. Cell architectures of membrane CDI (MCDI) and flow-electrode CDI (CDI) are preferred options for treating industrial brine compared with classic CDI in terms of energy consumption and fouling propensity. There are other operational strategies that could enhance the feasibility of using CDI process for ZLD application. These include reversed voltage desorption, multi-stage operation, brine recirculation and fouling control. Fouling control methods comprise pretreatment, antifouling modification, antiscalant and chemical cleaning. These methods could be integrated to optimize fouling mitigation. In addition to providing insights on feasibility of using CDI to concentrate industrial brines, this review also proposed guidelines for optimizing CDI process applied to treat industrial brines for ZLD applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyu Liu
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, S 117576, Singapore.
| | - Lai Yoke Lee
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, S 117411, Singapore.
| | - Say Leong Ong
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, S 117576, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, S 117411, Singapore.
| | - How Yong Ng
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, S 117576, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, S 117411, Singapore.
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