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Klaassens BL, Rombouts SARB, Winkler AM, van Gorsel HC, van der Grond J, van Gerven JMA. Time related effects on functional brain connectivity after serotonergic and cholinergic neuromodulation. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 38:308-325. [PMID: 27622387 PMCID: PMC5215384 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychopharmacological research, if properly designed, may offer insight into both timing and area of effect, increasing our understanding of the brain's neurotransmitter systems. For that purpose, the acute influence of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram (30 mg) and the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor galantamine (8 mg) was repeatedly measured in 12 healthy young volunteers with resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS‐fMRI). Eighteen RS‐fMRI scans were acquired per subject during this randomized, double blind, placebo‐controlled, crossover study. Within‐group comparisons of voxelwise functional connectivity with 10 functional networks were examined (P < 0.05, FWE‐corrected) using a non‐parametric multivariate approach with cerebrospinal fluid, white matter, heart rate, and baseline measurements as covariates. Although both compounds did not change cognitive performance on several tests, significant effects were found on connectivity with multiple resting state networks. Serotonergic stimulation primarily reduced connectivity with the sensorimotor network and structures that are related to self‐referential mechanisms, whereas galantamine affected networks and regions that are more involved in learning, memory, and visual perception and processing. These results are consistent with the serotonergic and cholinergic trajectories and their functional relevance. In addition, this study demonstrates the power of using repeated measures after drug administration, which offers the chance to explore both combined and time specific effects. Hum Brain Mapp 38:308–325, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadet L Klaassens
- Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University, Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Serge A R B Rombouts
- Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University, Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Anderson M Winkler
- Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Helene C van Gorsel
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University, Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van der Grond
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Maurer CW, LaFaver K, Ameli R, Epstein SA, Hallett M, Horovitz SG. Impaired self-agency in functional movement disorders: A resting-state fMRI study. Neurology 2016; 87:564-70. [PMID: 27385746 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000002940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying impaired self-agency in patients with functional movement disorders using resting-state functional MRI (fMRI). METHODS We obtained resting-state fMRI on 35 patients with clinically definite functional movement disorders and 35 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Between-group differences in functional connectivity from the right temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), a region previously demonstrated to play a critical role in self-agency by comparing internal predictions of movement with actual external events, were assessed using t tests. All participants were screened for psychiatric diagnoses using a structured clinical interview and completed the Beck Depression Inventory and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. RESULTS Compared to the healthy controls, patients with functional movement disorders showed decreased functional connectivity between the right TPJ and the right sensorimotor cortex, cerebellar vermis, bilateral supplementary motor area, and right insula. These findings were independent of depression, anxiety, and childhood trauma scores included in our assessment as covariates. CONCLUSIONS The decreased functional connectivity between the right TPJ and bilateral sensorimotor regions observed in patients with functional movement disorders supports a model whereby impaired motor feed-forward together with altered sensory feedback from sensorimotor regions and areas of sensorimotor integration to the right TPJ contributes to patients' impaired sense of self-agency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine W Maurer
- From the Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.W.M., K.L., M.H., S.G.H.), and Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (R.A.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (K.L.), University of Louisville, KY; and Department of Psychiatry (S.A.E.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC.
| | - Kathrin LaFaver
- From the Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.W.M., K.L., M.H., S.G.H.), and Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (R.A.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (K.L.), University of Louisville, KY; and Department of Psychiatry (S.A.E.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Rezvan Ameli
- From the Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.W.M., K.L., M.H., S.G.H.), and Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (R.A.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (K.L.), University of Louisville, KY; and Department of Psychiatry (S.A.E.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Steven A Epstein
- From the Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.W.M., K.L., M.H., S.G.H.), and Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (R.A.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (K.L.), University of Louisville, KY; and Department of Psychiatry (S.A.E.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Mark Hallett
- From the Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.W.M., K.L., M.H., S.G.H.), and Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (R.A.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (K.L.), University of Louisville, KY; and Department of Psychiatry (S.A.E.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Silvina G Horovitz
- From the Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.W.M., K.L., M.H., S.G.H.), and Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (R.A.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (K.L.), University of Louisville, KY; and Department of Psychiatry (S.A.E.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC
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Miller MW, Sperbeck E, Robinson ME, Sadeh N, Wolf EJ, Hayes JP, Logue M, Schichman SA, Stone A, Milberg W, McGlinchey R. 5-HT2A Gene Variants Moderate the Association between PTSD and Reduced Default Mode Network Connectivity. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:299. [PMID: 27445670 PMCID: PMC4923242 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The default mode network (DMN) has been used to study disruptions of functional connectivity in a wide variety of psychiatric and neurological conditions, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Studies indicate that the serotonin system exerts a modulatory influence on DMN connectivity; however, no prior study has examined associations between serotonin receptor gene variants and DMN connectivity in either clinical or healthy samples. We examined serotonin receptor single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), PTSD, and their interactions for association with DMN connectivity in 134 White non-Hispanic veterans. We began by analyzing candidate SNPs identified in prior meta-analyses of relevant psychiatric traits and found that rs7997012 (an HTR2A SNP), implicated previously in anti-depressant medication response in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives for Depression study (STAR(*)D; McMahon et al., 2006), interacted with PTSD to predict reduced connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the right medial prefrontal cortex and right middle temporal gyrus (MTG). rs130058 (HTR1B) was associated with connectivity between the PCC and right angular gyrus. We then expanded our analysis to 99 HTR1B and HTR2A SNPs and found two HTR2A SNPs (rs977003 and rs7322347) that significantly moderated the association between PTSD severity and the PCC-right MTG component of the DMN after correcting for multiple testing. Finally, to obtain a more precise localization of the most significant SNP × PTSD interaction, we performed a whole cortex vertex-wise analysis of the rs977003 effect. This analysis revealed the locus of the pre-frontal effect to be in portions of the superior frontal gyrus, while the temporal lobe effect was centered in the middle and inferior temporal gyri. These findings point to the influence of HTR2A variants on DMN connectivity and advance knowledge of the role of 5-HT2A receptors in the neurobiology of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Miller
- Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Sperbeck
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meghan E Robinson
- Neuroimaging Research for Veterans Center, VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston, MA, USA; Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center and Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders, VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA
| | - Naomi Sadeh
- Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA
| | - Erika J Wolf
- Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA
| | - Jasmeet P Hayes
- Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Logue
- Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA; Biomedical Genetics, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public HealthBoston, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Schichman
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Angie Stone
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - William Milberg
- Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center and Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders, VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
| | - Regina McGlinchey
- Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center and Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders, VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
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A small number of abnormal brain connections predicts adult autism spectrum disorder. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11254. [PMID: 27075704 PMCID: PMC4834637 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious lifelong condition, its underlying neural mechanism remains unclear. Recently, neuroimaging-based classifiers for ASD and typically developed (TD) individuals were developed to identify the abnormality of functional connections (FCs). Due to over-fitting and interferential effects of varying measurement conditions and demographic distributions, no classifiers have been strictly validated for independent cohorts. Here we overcome these difficulties by developing a novel machine-learning algorithm that identifies a small number of FCs that separates ASD versus TD. The classifier achieves high accuracy for a Japanese discovery cohort and demonstrates a remarkable degree of generalization for two independent validation cohorts in the USA and Japan. The developed ASD classifier does not distinguish individuals with major depressive disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder from their controls but moderately distinguishes patients with schizophrenia from their controls. The results leave open the viable possibility of exploring neuroimaging-based dimensions quantifying the multiple-disorder spectrum. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is manifested by subtle but significant changes in the brain. Here, Yahata and colleagues devise a novel machine learning algorithm and develop a reliable ASD classifier based on brain functional connectivity, with which they quantitatively measure neuroimaging dimensions between ASD and other mental disorders.
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van Amelsvoort T, Hernaus D. Effect of Pharmacological Interventions on the Fronto-Cingulo-Parietal Cognitive Control Network in Psychiatric Disorders: A Transdiagnostic Systematic Review of fMRI Studies. Front Psychiatry 2016; 7:82. [PMID: 27242552 PMCID: PMC4870274 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Executive function deficits, such as working memory, decision-making, and attention problems, are a common feature of several psychiatric disorders for which no satisfactory treatment exists. Here, we transdiagnostically investigate the effects of pharmacological interventions (other than methylphenidate) on the fronto-cingulo-parietal cognitive control network, in order to identify functional brain markers for future procognitive pharmacological interventions. Twenty-nine manuscripts investigated the effect of pharmacological treatment on executive function-related brain correlates in psychotic disorders (n = 11), depression (n = 4), bipolar disorder (n = 4), ADHD (n = 4), OCD (n = 2), smoking dependence (n = 2), alcohol dependence (n = 1), and pathological gambling (n = 1). In terms of impact on the fronto-cingulo-parietal network, the preliminary evidence for catechol-O-methyl-transferase inhibitors, nicotinic receptor agonists, and atomoxetine was relatively consistent, the data for atypical antipsychotics and anticonvulsants moderate, and interpretation of the data for antidepressants was hampered by the employed study designs. Increased activity in task-relevant areas and decreased activity in task-irrelevant areas were the most common transdiagnostic effects of pharmacological treatment. These markers showed good positive and moderate negative predictive value. It is concluded that fronto-cingulo-parietal activity changes can serve as a marker for future procognitive interventions. Future recommendations include the use of randomized double-blind designs and selective cholinergic and glutamatergic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thérèse van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, School for Mental Health and NeuroScience MHeNS Maastricht University , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Dennis Hernaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, School for Mental Health and NeuroScience MHeNS Maastricht University , Maastricht , Netherlands
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