Epperly MW, Wipf P, Fisher R, Franicola D, Beumer J, Li S, Brand RM, Falo LD, Erdos G, Greenberger JS. Evaluation of Different Formulations and Routes for the Delivery of the Ionizing Radiation Mitigator GS-Nitroxide (JP4-039).
In Vivo 2018;
32:1009-1023. [PMID:
30150422 PMCID:
PMC6199586 DOI:
10.21873/invivo.11341]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM
The mitochondrial targeted GS-nitroxide, JP4-039, is an effective total body irradiation (TBI) mitigator when delivered intravenously (IV) up to 72 h after exposure. Effective systemic and localized administration to oral cavity/oropharynx and esophagus has been demonstrated. The objective of the study was to establish alternatives to IV administration suitable for JP4-039 delivery to mass casualties.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
JP4-039 was administered to C57BL/6 mice by topically applied carboxy-methyl-cellulose microneedle arrays (MNAs) or by intramuscular (IM) injection. Three different formulations that have passed Food and Drug Administration review, namely Captisol, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (cyclodextrin), and Miglyol-812-N, were used for drug delivery. Intraoral (IO) administration with each formulation was also evaluated.
RESULTS
All tested formulations and MNAs successfully delivered JP4-039. However, IM delivery of the Miglyol-812-N displayed very efficient and highly reproducible radiation mitigation.
CONCLUSION
Effective IM delivery of JP4-039 in animal models after TBI or partial-body irradiation suggested the use of the Miglyol-812-N formulation in both medical indications and radiation countermeasures.
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