51
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Gajos K, Guzenko VA, Dübner M, Haberko J, Budkowski A, Padeste C. Electron-Beam Lithographic Grafting of Functional Polymer Structures from Fluoropolymer Substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:10641-10650. [PMID: 27673344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined submicrometer structures of poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) were grafted from 100 μm thick films of poly(ethene-alt-tetrafluoroethene) after electron-beam lithographic exposure. To explore the possibilities and limits of the method under different exposure conditions, two different acceleration voltages (2.5 and 100 keV) were employed. First, the influence of electron energy and dose on the extent of grafting and on the structure's morphology was determined via atomic force microscopy. The surface grafting with PDMAEMA was confirmed by advanced surface analytical techniques such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Additionally, the possibility of effective postpolymerization modification of grafted structures was demonstrated by quaternization of the grafted PDMAEMA to the polycationic QPDMAEMA form and by exploiting electrostatic interactions to bind charged organic dyes and functional proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gajos
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
- Laboratory of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute , CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Vitaliy A Guzenko
- Laboratory of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute , CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Dübner
- Laboratory of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute , CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jakub Haberko
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology , Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Budkowski
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Celestino Padeste
- Laboratory of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute , CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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52
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Sun N, Meng S, Feng F, Zhou Z, Han T, Wang D, Zhao X, Chen C. Electrochromic and electrofluorochromic polyimides with fluorene-based triphenylamine. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008316671183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel polyimides (PIs) based on N,N-di(4-aminophenyl)-2-amino-9,9-dimethylfluorene and various dianhydrides were synthesized. These PIs were amorphous and readily soluble in many solvents. They displayed outstanding thermal stability and high glass transition temperatures (269–374°C). The polymer films showed reversible electrochemical redox and satisfactory electrochromic performance with long-term stability, high coloration efficiency, and acceptable switching times. The PI derived from 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride exhibited maximum fluorescence at 400 nm with quantum yields up to 28.1%. Furthermore, the fluorescence can be effectively electroswitched between “on” and “off” states, exhibiting a high contrast ratio of 75.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningwei Sun
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyao Meng
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Feng
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Han
- Fushun Petrochemical Company, Fushun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daming Wang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhai Chen
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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53
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Dos Santos L, Rose S, Sel O, Maréchal M, Perrot H, Laberty-Robert C. Electrospinning a versatile tool for designing hybrid proton conductive membrane. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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54
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Hong J, Bi L, Li S, Jia G, Zhu Y, Li G, Huang Z. Design and synthesis of reactive polymers containing perfluorocyclobutyl (PFCB) and hydroxyl moieties for post-functionalization of PFCB aryl ether polymers. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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55
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Li X, Drache M, Gohs U, Beuermann S. Polymerelektrolytmembranen für Hoch- und Niedertemperatur-Brennstoffzellen aus strahlungsinduzierter Pfropfcopolymerisation. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201500153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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56
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Kimura T, Kasuya MC, Hatanaka K, Matsuoka K. Synthesis of Fluorinated Polymers and Evaluation of Wettability. Molecules 2016; 21:358. [PMID: 26999097 PMCID: PMC6274051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two kinds of fluorinated polymers were synthesized: an acrylate polymer having a fluorinated triethylene glycol as a pendant group (2a) and a fluoroalkyl acrylate polymer (2b). The contact angle of these fluorinated polymers against water, non-fluorinated alcohols and fluorinated alcohols were evaluated. As compared with the fluoroalkyl polymer (2b), fluoroethylene glycol polymer (2a) showed smaller contact angle against water and non-fluorinated alcohols. This supports the proposition that changing the alkyl chain into the ethylene glycol-type chain gave some interaction between etheric oxygen and water or non-fluorinated alcohols. In addition, fluoroalkyl acrylate polymer (2b) showed remarkably low values of critical surface tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamami Kimura
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.
| | - Maria Carmelita Kasuya
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Kenichi Hatanaka
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Koji Matsuoka
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.
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57
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Jodat H, Mortezaei M, Mahdavi H, Ahmadian-Alam L, Manafi P. Effect of polyethylene glycol on sulfonated polyether imide (SPEI) for fuel cell applications. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090416020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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58
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Lee JS, Hwang IT, Jung CH, Choi JH. Surface modification of Nafion membranes by ion implantation to reduce methanol crossover in direct methanol fuel cells. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12756h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface of Nafion membranes was modified by light ion implantation to reduce methanol crossover without affecting bulk membrane properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Soo Lee
- Department of Bio-chemical and Polymer Engineering
- Chosun University
- Gwangju 501-759
- Republic of Korea
| | - In-Tae Hwang
- Radiation Research Division for Industry and Environment
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute
- Jeongeup-si
- Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Hee Jung
- Radiation Research Division for Industry and Environment
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute
- Jeongeup-si
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Choi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon 305-764
- Republic of Korea
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59
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Wang Y, Bai Y. The functionalization of fluoroelastomers: approaches, properties, and applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05816g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This review seeks to give an overview of different approaches to prepare functional fluoroelastomers for modern industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- 150001 Harbin
- China
| | - Yongping Bai
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- 150001 Harbin
- China
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60
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Li X, Drache M, Gohs U, Beuermann S. Novel concept of polymer electrolyte membranes for high-temperature fuel cells based on ETFE grafted with neutral acrylic monomers. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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61
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Vitale A, Bongiovanni R, Ameduri B. Fluorinated Oligomers and Polymers in Photopolymerization. Chem Rev 2015; 115:8835-66. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Vitale
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington
Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Roberta Bongiovanni
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca
degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Bruno Ameduri
- Engineering
and Macromolecular Architectures, Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR (CNRS) 5253, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 Rue Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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62
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Wu J, Liou JH, Shu CY, Patel Y, Menon R, Santucci C, Iacono ST, Smith DW, Novak BM. Facile method towards functionalization of partially fluorinated polyarylethers via sequential post-polymerization modification. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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63
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Kikushima K, Sakaguchi H, Saijo H, Ohashi M, Ogoshi S. Copper-mediated One-pot Synthesis of Trifluorostyrene Derivatives from Tetrafluoroethylene and Arylboronate. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.150322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sensuke Ogoshi
- Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University
- Advanced Catalytic Transformation Program for Carbon Utilization (ACT-C), JST
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64
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Wang C, Duscher G, Paddison SJ. Characterization of chain conformations in perfluorosulfonic acid membranes using electron energy loss spectroscopy. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10012c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The side chain effects on the PTFE backbone conformation in the family of perfluorosulfonic acid ionomers were first investigated with electron energy-loss spectroscopy and first principles calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
| | - Gerd Duscher
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
| | - Stephen J. Paddison
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
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65
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Lu F, Gao X, Dong B, Sun P, Sun N, Xie S, Zheng L. Nanostructured proton conductors formed via in situ polymerization of ionic liquid crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:21970-21977. [PMID: 25469690 DOI: 10.1021/am504504m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) with hexagonal and lamellar phases were successfully fabricated by the self-assembly of a polymerizable amphiphilic zwitterion, which is formed by 3-(1-vinyl-3-imidazolio)propanesulfonate (VIPS) and 4-dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) based on intermolecular electrostatic interactions. The microstructures and phase behaviors of ILCs were studied by polarized microscope (POM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The ILC topological structures can be considered as proton pathways and further fixed by photopolymerization to prepare nanostructured proton-conductive films. The introduction of highly ordered and well-defined ILC structures into these polymeric films radically improves the ionic conductivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100, China
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66
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Song JM, Woo HS, Lee SY, Sohn JY, Shin J. Polymer electrolyte membranes prepared by EB-crosslinking of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) with 1,4-butanediol. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Myung Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute; 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 580-185 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Su Woo
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute; 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 580-185 Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute; 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 580-185 Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Sohn
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute; 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 580-185 Republic of Korea
| | - Junhwa Shin
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute; 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 580-185 Republic of Korea
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67
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Nasef MM. Radiation-Grafted Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: Current Trends and Future Directions. Chem Rev 2014; 114:12278-329. [DOI: 10.1021/cr4005499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mahmoud Nasef
- Advanced Materials
Research Group, Institute of Hydrogen Economy, and ‡Environmental
and Green Technology Department, Malaysia-Japan International Institute
of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), International
Campus, Jalan Semarak, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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68
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EB-crosslinked SPEEK electrolyte membrane with 1,4-butanediol divinyl ether/triallyl isocyanurate for fuel cell application. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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69
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70
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Lu F, Gao X, Xie S, Sun N, Zheng L. Chemical modification of Nafion membranes by protic ionic liquids: the key role of ionomer-cation interactions. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:7819-7825. [PMID: 25148206 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01473a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chemically modified Nafion composite membranes were successfully fabricated using five kinds of protic ionic liquids (PILs) with different cations, 1-butylammonium methanesulfonate (BA-MS), tributylammonium methanesulfonate (TBA-MS), 2,4,6-trimethylphenylammonium methanesulfonate (TMA-MS), butane-1,4-diammonium methanesulfonate (BDA-MS), and N-(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diammonium methanesulfonate (DETA-MS). The PIL incorporated Nafion composite membranes were characterized by impedance spectroscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In general, the Nafion/PIL composite membranes exhibit a significant increase in the ionic conductivities than Nafion under anhydrous conditions. The interactions between the Nafion ionomer and different geometric cations of PILs were also discussed by the comparison of nanostructures, dynamic-mechanical properties and thermal stabilities of the Nafion/PIL composite membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China.
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71
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Bosnjakovic A, Danilczuk M, Schlick S, Xiong PN, Haugen GM, Hamrock SJ. An attempt to generate anion exchange membranes by amination of the perfluorinated 3M precursor leads to the hydrolysis of the precursor. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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72
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Mullinax JW, Sokolov AY, Schaefer HF. Conical intersections and low-lying electronic states of tetrafluoroethylene. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:2359-66. [PMID: 24849939 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The low-lying electronic states of tetrafluoroethylene (C2 F4 ) are characterized theoretically for the first time using equation-of-motion coupled cluster theory (EOM-CCSD), and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2). Computations are performed for vertical excitation energies, equilibrium geometries, minimum-energy conical intersections, and potential energy curves along three geometric coordinates: 1) twisting of the FCCF dihedral angle, 2) pyramidalization of the CF2 group, and 3) migration of a fluorine atom resulting in an ethylidene-like (CF3 CF) structure. The results suggest two relaxation pathways from the Rydberg-3s excited electronic state to the ground state. These relaxation pathways are discussed in conjunction with the femtosecond photoionization spectroscopy results of Trushin et al. [ChemPhysChem- 2004, 5, 1389].
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wayne Mullinax
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602 (USA).
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73
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Abstract
AbstractIn recent years, extensive research on the preparation and properties of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) has been realized. This article focusses on the recent studies on new PEM materials based on aromatic hydrocarbon polymers with sulfonated groups as hydrophilic domains and fluorinated groups as hydrophobic domains as alternatives to conventional perfluorinated polymers. It is necessary to improve the proton conductivity especially under low-humidity conditions and at high operating temperatures to break through the current aromatic PEM system. Hence, there is a need to develop new high-conductivity fuel cell ionomers with improved thermal, chemical, and electrochemical stability by designing a suitable polymer structure for PEM application.
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74
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Mishra AK, Kim NH, Jung D, Lee JH. Enhanced mechanical properties and proton conductivity of Nafion–SPEEK–GO composite membranes for fuel cell applications. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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75
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Li Y, Wang X, Xie M, Liang Y, Liu X, Wang C. High proton conductivity and low fuel crossover polymer electrolyte membranes derived from branched sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)s and silica sulfonic acid nanoparticles. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008314528962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
With the objective of improving water uptake and proton conductivity, silica sulfonic acid (SSA) nanoparticles were successfully prepared via the sulfonation of silica (SiO2) with sulfuryl chloride and a series of branched sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (BSPEEK)-based hybrid membranes with varying contents of SSA were fabricated by the solution-casting method as proton electrolyte materials. The hybrid membranes exhibited improved water uptake, excellent thermal stability, and enhanced mechanical strength. Compared with the methanol permeability, with the incorporation of SSA particles, the proton conductivity enhanced more significantly. The selectivity of the hybrid membranes increased with the increasing SSA contents, and the highest value was 8.2 × 105 S s cm−3, which was 2.6 times higher than that of Nafion 117. Therefore, these BSPEEK-SSA hybrid membranes could be considered as promising materials for direct methanol fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- College of Chemistry, Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xitao Wang
- College of Chemistry, Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Xie
- College of Chemistry, Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liang
- College of Chemistry, Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xincai Liu
- College of Chemistry, Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ce Wang
- College of Chemistry, Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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76
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Synthesis and characterization of para- and meta-polybenzimidazoles for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008313517909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this article, two polybenzimidazoles (PBIs) were synthesized by the polycondensation reaction of 3,3′-diaminobenzidine with terephthalic acid ( p-PBI) or isophthalic acid ( m-PBI) for application in high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Two kinds of purification (P1, P2) were applied to clean the polymers. The chemical structure of PBI polymers was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Polymers after P1 can be soluble and cast into film only from hot sulfuric acid solution (H2SO4), whereas both polymers after P2 were soluble in dimethylacetamide solution. Polymer films cast from H2SO4 were investigated using FTIR. The thermal stabilities of PBIs and PBI films were studied using the thermogravimetric analysis and the first derivative of the TG method. The temperature of 5% weight loss ( T5%) for both PBIs ranges from 136 to 312°C under nitrogen atmosphere, depending on the dicarboxylic acid used and the kind of purification. The PBI films exhibited T5% at 55°C because of the protonation of nitrogen atom in PBI by hydrogen atom of hydroxyl group in H2SO4. Electrical behavior of the two polymers was tested using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for gold (Au)/PBI/Au architecture. For both measured polymers, Nyquist plots are presented with fittings based on circuit models.
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77
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Zhang Z, Ji X, Wang P. Preparation of polystyrene latex particles by miniemulsion polymerization using a predissolved fluorinated block copolymer as the sole co-stabilizer. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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78
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Mistri EA, Banerjee S. Cross-linked sulfonated poly(ether imide)/silica organic–inorganic hybrid materials: proton exchange membrane properties. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02137a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A hybrid proton exchange membrane with enhanced oxidative and dimensional stability as well as reduced fuel crossover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ershad Ali Mistri
- Materials Science Centre
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials Science Centre
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur-721302, India
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79
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Campagne B, Silly G, David G, Améduri B, Jones DJ, Rozière J, Roche I. Anhydrous proton motion study by solid state NMR spectroscopy in novel PEMFC blend membranes composed of fluorinated copolymer bearing 1,2,4-triazole functional groups and sPEEK. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02338b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The proton mobility in a new family of PEMFC blend membranes containing 1,2,4-triazole groups is studied by infrared and solid state NMR spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Campagne
- Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Agrégats
| | - Gilles Silly
- Chalcogénures et Verres
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253
- Université Montpellier 2
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Ghislain David
- Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Bruno Améduri
- Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Deborah J. Jones
- Agrégats
- Interfaces et Matériaux pour l'Energie
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253
- Université Montpellier 2
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jacques Rozière
- Agrégats
- Interfaces et Matériaux pour l'Energie
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253
- Université Montpellier 2
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Ivan Roche
- PSA Peugeot-Citroën
- Centre Technique de Vélizy A
- , France
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80
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Li J, Pan M, Tang H. Understanding short-side-chain perfluorinated sulfonic acid and its application for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43735c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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82
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameen Ali Abu-Hashem
- Photochemistry Department (Heterocyclic Unit); National Research Center; 12622 Dokki Giza Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Jazan University; 2097 Jazan Saudi Arabia
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83
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Kumar M, Venkatnathan A. Mechanism of proton transport in ionic-liquid-doped perfluorosulfonic acid membranes. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:14449-56. [PMID: 24171462 DOI: 10.1021/jp408352w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic-liquid-doped perfluorosulfonic acid membranes (PFSA) are promising electrolytes for intermediate/high-temperature fuel cell applications. In the present study, we examine proton-transport pathways in a triethylammonium-triflate (TEATF) ionic liquid (IL)-doped Nafion membrane using quantum chemistry calculations. The IL-doped membrane matrix contains triflic acid (TFA), triflate anions (TFA(-)), triethylamine (TEA), and triethylammonium cations (TEAH(+)). Results show that proton abstraction from the sulfonic acid end groups in the membrane by TFA(-) facilitates TEAH(+) interaction with the side-chains. In the IL-doped PFSA membrane matrix, proton transfer from TFA to TEA and TFA to TFA(-) occurs. However, proton transfer from a tertiary amine cation (TEAH(+)) to a tertiary amine (TEA) does not occur without an interaction with an anion (TFA(-)). An anion interaction with the amine increases its basicity, and as a consequence, it takes a proton from a cation either instantly (if the cation is freely moving) or with a small activation energy barrier of 2.62 kcal/mol (if the cation is interacting with another anion). The quantum chemistry calculations predict that anions are responsible for proton-exchange between cations and neutral molecules of a tertiary amine. Results from this study can assist the experimental choice of IL to provide enhanced proton conduction in PFSA membrane environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Pune 411008, India
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85
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Olvera LI, Guzmán-Gutiérrez MT, Zolotukhin MG, Fomine S, Cárdenas J, Ruiz-Trevino FA, Villers D, Ezquerra TA, Prokhorov E. Novel High Molecular Weight Aromatic Fluorinated Polymers from One-Pot, Metal-Free Step Polymerizations. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma401306s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian I. Olvera
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-360, CU, Coyoacán 04510, México D. F., México
| | - Maria T. Guzmán-Gutiérrez
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mikhail G. Zolotukhin
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-360, CU, Coyoacán 04510, México D. F., México
| | - Sergei Fomine
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-360, CU, Coyoacán 04510, México D. F., México
| | - Jorge Cárdenas
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado
Postal 70-360, CU, Coyoacán, 04510, México D. F., México
| | - Fransico A. Ruiz-Trevino
- Departamento
de Ingeniería y de Ingeniería y Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Iberoamericana, Prol. Paseo de la Reforma No. 880, 01219 México D.F., México
| | - Didier Villers
- Université de Mons, 20, Place du
Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Tiberio A. Ezquerra
- Instituto
de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, C/Serrano 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Evgen Prokhorov
- CINVESTAV
del IPN, Unidad Querétaro, Libramiento Norponiente 2000, Fracc. Real de Juriquilla, C.P. 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
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86
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Vaghari H, Jafarizadeh-Malmiri H, Berenjian A, Anarjan N. Recent advances in application of chitosan in fuel cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1186/2043-7129-1-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fuel cells are electrochemical devices which convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Fuel cells have attracted attention due to their potential as a promising alternative to traditional power sources. More recently, efficient and environmentally benign biopolymer “chitosan” have been extensively investigated as a novel material for its application in fuel cells. This biopolymer can be used in both membrane electrolyte and electrode in various fuel cells such as alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells and biofuel cells. This review provides an overview of main available fuel cells following by application of chitosan as novel biopolymer in fuel cells technology. Recent achievements are included and recommendations are also given for areas of future research.
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87
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Lu F, Gao X, Yan X, Gao H, Shi L, Jia H, Zheng L. Preparation and characterization of nonaqueous proton-conducting membranes with protic ionic liquids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:7626-7632. [PMID: 23855417 DOI: 10.1021/am401940y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid Nafion membranes were successfully fabricated by incorporating with protic imidazolium ionic liquids 1-(2-aminoethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([MimAE]Cl), 1-(2-hydroxylethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([MimHE]Cl), and 1-carboxylmethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([MimCM]Cl) for high-temperature fuel cells. The composite membranes were characterized by impedance spectroscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The incorporated protic ionic liquids enhance the doping of phosphoric acid (PA) and result in a relatively high ionic conductivity. The Nafion/10 wt % [MimAE]Cl/PA composite membrane exhibits an ionic conductivity of 6.0 mS/cm at 130 °C without humidification. [MimAE]Cl can swell the Nafion matrix more homogeneously than [MimHE]Cl or [MimCM]Cl, which results in a better ionic conductivity. It is notable that the composite Nafion/IL/PA membranes have a better thermal stability than the pristine Nafion membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lu
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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88
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Ohashi M, Kamura R, Doi R, Ogoshi S. Preparation of Trifluorovinyl Compounds by Lithium Salt-promoted Monoalkylation of Tetrafluoroethene. CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ryohei Doi
- Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University
| | - Sensuke Ogoshi
- Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University
- Advanced Catalytic Transformation program for Carbon utilization (ACT-C), JST
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89
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Shai L, Li-hua W, Bi-qian L. PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF ALKALI CATIONS TRANSPORT MEMBRANES CONSTITUTED FROM SUPRAMOLECULES. ACTA POLYM SIN 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2013.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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90
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Abdel-Hady E, El-Toony M, Abdel-Hamed M. Grafting of glycidyl methacrylate/styrene onto polyvinyldine fluoride membranes for proton exchange fuel cell. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.03.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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91
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Patil Y, Ameduri B. Advances in the (co)polymerization of alkyl 2-trifluoromethacrylates and 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid. Prog Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2012.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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92
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Campagne B, David G, Améduri B, Jones DJ, Rozière J, Roche I. Novel Blend Membranes of Partially Fluorinated Copolymers Bearing Azole Functions with Sulfonated PEEK for PEMFC Operating at Low Relative Humidity: Influence of the Nature of the N-Heterocycle. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400239f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Campagne
- Ingénierie et Architectures
Macromoléculaires, Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Agrégats, Interfaces et Matériaux
pour l’Energie, Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253, Université Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon,
34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Ghislain David
- Ingénierie et Architectures
Macromoléculaires, Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Bruno Améduri
- Ingénierie et Architectures
Macromoléculaires, Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Deborah J. Jones
- Agrégats, Interfaces et Matériaux
pour l’Energie, Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253, Université Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon,
34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jacques Rozière
- Agrégats, Interfaces et Matériaux
pour l’Energie, Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR CNRS 5253, Université Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon,
34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Ivan Roche
- PSA Peugeot-Citroën, Centre Technique de Vélizy A, Route de Gizy
VV1404, Bâtiment 91, 78943 Vélizy Villacoublay Cedex,
France
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93
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Radiman CL, Rifathin A. Preparation of phosphorylated nata-de-coco for polymer electrolyte membrane applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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94
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Song JM, Shin DW, Sohn JY, Nho YC, Lee YM, Shin J. The effects of EB-irradiation doses on the properties of crosslinked SPEEK membranes. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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95
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Solvent effect on post-irradiation grafting of styrene onto poly(ethylene-alt-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) films. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2012.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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96
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Flach AM, Johnson FE, Cabasso I. Synthesis and characterization of fluorinated polyionomers. Part I: polyperfluoro-sulfonylethoxy propylene vinyl ether sulfonimides containing aryl sulfonic acids. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00315a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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97
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Łańcucki Ł, Schlick S, Danilczuk M, Coms FD, Kruczała K. Sulfonated poly(benzoyl paraphenylene) as a membrane for PEMFC: Ex situ and in situ experiments of thermal and chemical stability. Polym Degrad Stab 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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98
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Gao N, Zhang S. Phenolphthalein-based cardo poly(arylene ether sulfone): Preparation and application to separation membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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99
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Xu C, Chen S, Lu L, Shen Q. Preparation of Trifluorostyrenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling of Arylboronic Acids with Chloro- and Bromotrifluoroethylene. J Org Chem 2012; 77:10314-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301998g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunfa Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy
of Science, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy
of Science, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Long Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy
of Science, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Qilong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy
of Science, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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100
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Lin X, Zheng F, Qing FL. Regio- and Diastereoselective Nickel-Catalyzed Allylation of Aromatic Aldehydes with α-Halo-β,β-difluoropropene Derivatives. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8696-704. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301688d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Lin
- Key Laboratory of
Organofluorine
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032,
China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of
Organofluorine
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032,
China
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of
Organofluorine
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032,
China
- College of Chemistry,
Chemical
Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
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