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Gray JS, Wani SA, Campbell MJ. Epigenomic alterations in cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:473-492. [PMID: 35383835 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The human cell requires ways to specify its transcriptome without altering the essential sequence of DNA; this is achieved through mechanisms which govern the epigenetic state of DNA and epitranscriptomic state of RNA. These alterations can be found as modified histone proteins, cytosine DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs, and mRNA modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A). The different aspects of epigenomic and epitranscriptomic modifications require protein complexes to write, read, and erase these chemical alterations. Reflecting these important roles, many of these reader/writer/eraser proteins are either frequently mutated or differentially expressed in cancer. The disruption of epigenetic regulation in the cell can both contribute to cancer initiation and progression, and increase the likelihood of developing resistance to chemotherapies. Development of therapeutics to target proteins involved in epigenomic/epitranscriptomic modifications has been intensive, but further refinement is necessary to achieve ideal treatment outcomes without too many off-target effects for cancer patients. Therefore, further integration of clinical outcomes combined with large-scale genomic analyses is imperative for furthering understanding of epigenomic mechanisms in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie S Gray
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
| | - Sajad A Wani
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
| | - Moray J Campbell
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
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Farabegoli F, Pinheiro M. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Delivery in Lipid-Based Nanoparticles: Potentiality and Perspectives for Future Applications in Cancer Chemoprevention and Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:809706. [PMID: 35496283 PMCID: PMC9046542 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.809706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoprevention is a strategy aimed to not only reduce the risk but also delay the development or recurrence of cancer. An ideal chemopreventive agent is not dangerous and ought not to result in side effects or damage to human health. In this context, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is considered a suitable chemopreventive agent, but its clinical use is limited by many factors, namely, the difference in source, administration, individual metabolism, absorption, and distribution. Genetic and dietary differences greatly cause this variability, which has limited the rational use of EGCG in chemoprevention and, particularly, the definition of a safe and efficient concentration. In the present mini review, the main limitations to a complete understanding of the use of EGCG as a chemopreventive agent will be briefly illustrated. This review also indicates the introduction and trialing of lipid-based nanoparticles (NPs) as a proper strategy to deliver EGCG at a well-defined concentration for better investigation of the chemopreventive activity. Finally, some examples of cancers that might benefit from EGCG treatment in different stages of the disease are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvia Farabegoli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Fulvia Farabegoli,
| | - Marina Pinheiro
- LAQV, Rede de Química e Tecnologia (REQUIMTE), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Tewari D, Priya A, Bishayee A, Bishayee A. Targeting transforming growth factor-β signalling for cancer prevention and intervention: Recent advances in developing small molecules of natural origin. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e795. [PMID: 35384373 PMCID: PMC8982327 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer is the world's second leading cause of death, but a significant advancement in cancer treatment has been achieved within the last few decades. However, major adverse effects and drug resistance associated with standard chemotherapy have led towards targeted treatment options. Objectives Transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) signaling plays a key role in cell proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, regeneration, and tissue homeostasis. The prime objective of this review is to decipher the role of TGF‐β in oncogenesis and to evaluate the potential of various natural and synthetic agents to target this dysregulated pathway to confer cancer preventive and anticancer therapeutic effects. Methods Various authentic and scholarly databases were explored to search and obtain primary literature for this study. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) criteria was followed for the review. Results Here we provide a comprehensive and critical review of recent advances on our understanding of the effect of various bioactive natural molecules on the TGF‐β signaling pathway to evaluate their full potential for cancer prevention and therapy. Conclusion Based on emerging evidence as presented in this work, TGF‐β‐targeting bioactive compounds from natural sources can serve as potential therapeutic agents for prevention and treatment of various human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Anu Priya
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | | | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
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Dong C, Wang Z, Shen P, Chen Y, Wang J, Wang H. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses the growth of human osteosarcoma by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8490-8502. [PMID: 35348430 PMCID: PMC9161922 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2051805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant tumors in adolescents. Due to local invasion, distant metastasis and drug resistance, the clinical treatment efficacy and prognosis of OS have remained almost unchanged for decades. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a unique catechin from tea leaves, and some studies have confirmed its antitumour effects on various tumors. Here, cellular experiments showed that EGCG significantly promoted OS cell apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion, and cell and animal experiments demonstrated that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway played an indispensable role in the antitumour effects of EGCG. Moreover, EGCG inhibited the growth of OS cells in vitro while suppressing tumor cell damage to the bone in situ and distant lung metastasis. The results indicate that the antitumour effect of EGCG on human OS may be mediated by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and that EGCG can be used alone or in combination with other regimens as a potentially effective anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Peng Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yingguo Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jinshu Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Cosmetology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Nabizadeh F, Momtaz S, Ghanbari-Movahed M, Qalekhani F, Mohsenpour H, Aneva IY, Bishayee A, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia management using multitargeting bioactive natural compounds: A systematic and critical review. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106116. [PMID: 35122954 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pALL), a malignancy of the lymphoid line of blood cells, accounts for a large percentage of all childhood leukemia cases. Although the 5-year survival rate for children with ALL has greatly improved over years, using chemotherapeutics as its first-line treatment still causes short- and long-term side effects. Furthermore, induction of toxicity and resistance, as well as the high cost, limit their application. Phytochemicals, with remarkable cancer preventive and chemotherapeutic characteristics, may serve as old solutions to new challenges. Bioactive plant secondary metabolites have exhibited promising antileukemic and adjunctive effects by targeting various molecular processes, including autophagy, cell cycle, angiogenesis, and extrinsic/intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Although numerous reports have shown that numerous plant secondary metabolites can interfere with the progression of malignancies, including leukemia, there was no comprehensive review article on the effect of phytochemicals on pALL. This systematic review aims to provide critical and cohesive analysis of the potential of various naturally-occurring metabolites in the management of pALL with the understanding of underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Nabizadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, Karaj 141554364, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghanbari-Movahed
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Farshad Qalekhani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technologies Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415185, Iran
| | - Hadi Mohsenpour
- Department of Pediatrics, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6742775333, Iran
| | - Ina Yosifova Aneva
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
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Bishayee A, Patel PA, Sharma P, Thoutireddy S, Das N. Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) and Its Bioactive Phytocopounds: A Tribute to Cancer Prevention and Intervention. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030529. [PMID: 35158798 PMCID: PMC8833568 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The plant Nelumbo nucifera (Gaertn.), commonly known as lotus, sacred lotus, Indian lotus, water lily, or Chinese water lily, is an aquatic perennial crop belonging to the family of Nelumbonaceae. N. nucifera has traditionally been used as an herbal medicine and functional food in many parts of Asia. It has been found that different parts of this plant consist of various bioactive phytocompounds. Within the past few decades, N. nucifera and its phytochemicals have been subjected to intense cancer research. In this review, we critically evaluate the potential of N. nucifera phytoconstituents in cancer prevention and therapy with related mechanisms of action. Abstract Cancer is one of the major leading causes of death worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests a strong relationship between specific dietary habits and cancer development. In recent years, a food-based approach for cancer prevention and intervention has been gaining tremendous attention. Among diverse dietary and medicinal plants, lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., family Nymphaeaceae), also known as Indian lotus, sacred lotus or Chinese water lily, has the ability to effectively combat this disease. Various parts of N. nucifera have been utilized as a vegetable as well as an herbal medicine for more than 2000 years in the Asian continent. The rhizome and seeds of N. nucifera represent the main edible parts. Different parts of N. nucifera have been traditionally used to manage different disorders, such as fever, inflammation, insomnia, nervous disorders, epilepsy, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. It is believed that numerous bioactive components, including alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids, steroids, and glycosides, are responsible for its various biological and pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory, antiviral, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and hypoglycemic activities. Nevertheless, there is no comprehensive review with an exclusive focus on the anticancer attributes of diverse phytochemicals from different parts of N. nucifera. In this review, we have analyzed the effects of N. nucifera extracts, fractions and pure compounds on various organ-specific cancer cells and tumor models to understand the cancer-preventive and therapeutic potential and underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of this interesting medicinal and dietary plant. In addition, the bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and possible toxicity of N. nucifera-derived phytochemicals, as well as current limitations, challenges and future research directions, are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Palak A. Patel
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Priya Sharma
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Shivani Thoutireddy
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Belonia 799155, Tripura, India;
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Chen S, Nishi M, Morine Y, Shimada M, Tokunaga T, Kashihara H, Takasu C, Yamada S, Wada Y. Epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate hinders metabolic coupling to suppress colorectal cancer malignancy through targeting aerobic glycolysis in cancer‑associated fibroblasts. Int J Oncol 2022; 60:19. [PMID: 35029285 PMCID: PMC8776327 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent times, researchers working on tumor metabolism have paid increasing attention to the tumor microenvironment. Emerging evidence has confirmed that epigenetic modifications of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) alters the characteristics of glucose metabolism to achieve a symbiotic relationship with the cancer cells. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exerts anti-tumor effects via a variety of mechanisms, although the underlying mechanism that accounts for the effects of EGCG on glucose metabolic alterations of CAFs have yet to be elucidated. In the present study, through co-culture with colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, human intestinal fibroblasts were transformed into CAFs, and exhibited enhanced aerobic glycolysis. Induced CAFs were able to enhance the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells in vitro. EGCG treatment led to direct inhibition of the proliferation and migration of CRC cells; furthermore, EGCG treatment of CAFs suppressed their tumor-promoting capabilities by inhibiting their glycolytic activity. Blocking the lactic acid efflux of CAFs with a monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) inhibitor or through silencing MCT4 could also suppress their tumor-promoting capabilities, indicating that lactate fulfills an important role in the metabolic coupling that occurs between CAFs and cancer cells. Taken together, the results of the present study showed that EGCG targeting of the metabolism of tumor stromal cells provided a safe and effective strategy of anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhai Chen
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nishi
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Yuji Morine
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Takuya Tokunaga
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Hideya Kashihara
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Chie Takasu
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Yuma Wada
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
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Shay C, Teng Y. Evaluating the Anticancer Activity of Natural Products Using a Novel 3D Culture Model. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2343:159-164. [PMID: 34473320 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1558-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Natural products, particularly as anticancer agents, continue to provide prototypes for pharmacologically active compounds. Compared with traditional two-dimensional (2D) approaches, 3D cell cultures have shown a clear role in drug discovery and development as they more closely resemble in vivo cell environments and come closer to capturing the in vivo functions of organs and tissues. The growing interest in using more physiological in vitro cancer models has driven the adoption of 3D cell cultures in evaluating anticancer activities of natural products. Here, we establish a protocol to use a novel 3D culture system to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a plant-based natural compound, in head and neck cancer cells. Our findings reveal that the sensitivity of natural products in 3D culture models may differ markedly from that obtained using 2D cultures, suggesting that 3D models will become a more reliable alternative to minimize misleading data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Shay
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory Children's Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Gallic Acid Derivatives Propyl Gallate and Epigallocatechin Gallate Reduce rRNA Transcription via Induction of KDM2A Activation. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010030. [PMID: 35053178 PMCID: PMC8773796 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that lysine-demethylase 2A (KDM2A), a Jumonji-C histone demethylase, is activated by gallic acid to reduce H3K36me2 levels in the rRNA gene promoter and consequently inhibit rRNA transcription and cell proliferation in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Gallic acid activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production to activate KDM2A. Esters of gallic acid, propyl gallate (PG) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and other chemicals, reduce cancer cell proliferation. However, whether these compounds activate KDM2A has yet to be tested. In this study, we found that PG and EGCG decreased rRNA transcription and cell proliferation through KDM2A in MCF-7 cells. The activation of both AMPK and ROS production by PG or EGCG was required to activate KDM2A. Of note, while the elevation of ROS production by PG or EGCG was limited in time, it was sufficient to activate KDM2A. Importantly, the inhibition of rRNA transcription and cell proliferation by gallic acid, PG, or EGCG was specifically observed in MCF-7 cells, whereas it was not observed in non-tumorigenic MCF10A cells. Altogether, these results suggest that the derivatization of gallic acid may be used to obtain new compounds with anti-cancer activity.
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Zinc ionophores: chemistry and biological applications. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 228:111691. [PMID: 34929542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Zinc can play a pathophysiological role in several diseases and can interfere in key processes of microbial growth. This evidence justifies the efforts in applying Zinc ionophores to restore Zinc homeostasis and treat bacterial/viral infections such as coronavirus diseases. Zinc ionophores increase the intracellular concentration of Zinc ions causing significant biological effects. This review provides, for the first time, an overview of the applications of the main Zinc ionophores in Zinc deficiency, infectious diseases, and in cancer, discussing the pharmacological and coordination properties of the Zinc ionophores.
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Tuli HS, Joshi R, Aggarwal D, Kaur G, Kaur J, Kumar M, Parashar NC, Khan MA, Sak K. Molecular mechanisms underlying chemopreventive potential of butein: Current trends and future perspectives. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 350:109699. [PMID: 34648814 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive efforts, cancer is still often considered as an incurable disease and initiation of novel drug development programs is crucial to improve the prognosis and clinical outcome of patients. One of the major approaches in designing the novel cancer drugs has historically comprised studies of natural agents with diverse anticancer properties. As only a marginal part of natural compounds has been investigated, this approach still represents an attractive source of new potential antitumor molecules. In this review article, different anticancer effects of plant-derived chalcone, butein, are discussed, including its growth inhibitory action, proapoptotic, antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activities in a variety of cancer cells. The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are presented in detail, revealing interactions of butein with multiple cellular targets (Bcl-2/Bax, caspases, STAT3, cyclins, NF-κB, COX-2, MMP-9, VEGF/R etc.) and regulation of a wide range of intracellular signal transduction pathways. These data altogether allow a good basis for initiating further in vivo studies as well as clinical trials. Along with the efforts to overcome low bioavailability issues generally characteristic to plant metabolites, butein can be considered as a potential lead compound for safe and more efficient cancer drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India.
| | - Ruchira Joshi
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, 56, Maharashtra, India
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, 56, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jagjit Kaur
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale Biophotonics (CNBP), Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur, 134007, Haryana, India
| | | | - Md Asaduzzaman Khan
- The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
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Cytoprotective roles of epigallocatechin gallate and resveratrol on staurosporine-treated mesenchymal stem cells in in vitro culture. HERBA POLONICA 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/hepo-2021-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Introduction: There are many scientific reports on the beneficial effects of epigallocatechin gallate and resveratrol on the human body, e.g. antioxidant properties, a protective effect on the circulatory system and reduction of inflammation.
Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of these substances on the survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the presence of the pro-apoptotic factor staurosporine.
Methods: Cell viability WST-1 colorimetric assay.
Results: It was confirmed that both 25 µM/ml and 50 µM/ml of epigallocatechin and 50 µM/ml of resveratrol statistically significantly increased the MSC survival rate.
Conclusion: An excess supply of epigallocatechin gallate (50 µM/ml and higher) has a cytotoxic effect on MSC, which may have a negative impact on the body’s auto-regenerative capacity. Under toxic and stressful conditions, resveratrol and epigallocatechin gallate perform cytoprotective functions, thereby reducing the negative impact of toxic environmental conditions on the mesenchymal stem cells.
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Sulforaphane: A Broccoli Bioactive Phytocompound with Cancer Preventive Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194796. [PMID: 34638282 PMCID: PMC8508555 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As of the past decade, phytochemicals have become a major target of interest in cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic research. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a metabolite of the phytochemical glucoraphanin, which is found in high abundance in cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, watercress, Brussels sprouts, and cabbage. In both distant and recent research, SFN has been shown to have a multitude of anticancer effects, increasing the need for a comprehensive review of the literature. In this review, we critically evaluate SFN as an anticancer agent and its mechanisms of action based on an impressive number of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Abstract There is substantial and promising evidence on the health benefits of consuming broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables. The most important compound in broccoli, glucoraphanin, is metabolized to SFN by the thioglucosidase enzyme myrosinase. SFN is the major mediator of the health benefits that have been recognized for broccoli consumption. SFN represents a phytochemical of high interest as it may be useful in preventing the occurrence and/or mitigating the progression of cancer. Although several prior publications provide an excellent overview of the effect of SFN in cancer, these reports represent narrative reviews that focused mainly on SFN’s source, biosynthesis, and mechanisms of action in modulating specific pathways involved in cancer without a comprehensive review of SFN’s role or value for prevention of various human malignancies. This review evaluates the most recent state of knowledge concerning SFN’s efficacy in preventing or reversing a variety of neoplasms. In this work, we have analyzed published reports based on in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies to determine SFN’s potential as a chemopreventive agent. Furthermore, we have discussed the current limitations and challenges associated with SFN research and suggested future research directions before broccoli-derived products, especially SFN, can be used for human cancer prevention and intervention.
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Enaru B, Socaci S, Farcas A, Socaciu C, Danciu C, Stanila A, Diaconeasa Z. Novel Delivery Systems of Polyphenols and Their Potential Health Benefits. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:946. [PMID: 34681170 PMCID: PMC8538464 DOI: 10.3390/ph14100946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposome-based delivery systems have been studied and used more frequently in recent years due to their advantages, such as low toxicity, specificity, and the ability to protect the encapsulated substance from environmental factors, which could otherwise degrade the active compound and reduce its effectiveness. Given these benefits, many researchers have encapsulated polyphenols in liposomes, thus increasing their bioavailability and stability. Similarly, polyphenols encapsulated in liposomes are known to produce more substantial effects on targeted cells than unencapsulated polyphenols, while having minimal cytotoxicity in healthy cells. Although polyphenols play a role in preventing many types of disease and generally have beneficial effects on health, we solely focused on their chemopreventive effects on cancer through liposomes in this review. Our goal was to summarize the applicability and efficacy of liposomes encapsulated with different classes of polyphenols on several types of cancer, thus opening the opportunity for future studies based on these drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Enaru
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Sonia Socaci
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Anca Farcas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Andreea Stanila
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Zorita Diaconeasa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
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Wu Z, Huang S, Li T, Li N, Han D, Zhang B, Xu ZZ, Zhang S, Pang J, Wang S, Zhang G, Zhao J, Wang J. Gut microbiota from green tea polyphenol-dosed mice improves intestinal epithelial homeostasis and ameliorates experimental colitis. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:184. [PMID: 34493333 PMCID: PMC8424887 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01115-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alteration of the gut microbiota may contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major bioactive constituent of green tea, is known to be beneficial in IBD alleviation. However, it is unclear whether the gut microbiota exerts an effect when EGCG attenuates IBD. RESULTS We first explored the effect of oral or rectal EGCG delivery on the DSS-induced murine colitis. Our results revealed that anti-inflammatory effect and colonic barrier integrity were enhanced by oral, but not rectal, EGCG. We observed a distinct EGCG-mediated alteration in the gut microbiome by increasing Akkermansia abundance and butyrate production. Next, we demonstrated that the EGCG pre-supplementation induced similar beneficial outcomes to oral EGCG administration. Prophylactic EGCG attenuated colitis and significantly enriched short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria such as Akkermansia and SCFAs production in DSS-induced mice. To validate these discoveries, we performed fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and sterile fecal filtrate (SFF) to inoculate DSS-treated mice. Microbiota from EGCG-dosed mice alleviated the colitis over microbiota from control mice and SFF shown by superiorly anti-inflammatory effect and colonic barrier integrity, and also enriched bacteria such as Akkermansia and SCFAs. Collectively, the attenuation of colitis by oral EGCG suggests an intimate involvement of SCFAs-producing bacteria Akkermansia, and SCFAs, which was further demonstrated by prophylaxis and FMT. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first data indicating that oral EGCG ameliorated the colonic inflammation in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Our findings provide novel insights into EGCG-mediated remission of IBD and EGCG as a potential modulator for gut microbiota to prevent and treat IBD. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shimeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Tiantian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhenjiang Zech Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 214122 China
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jiaman Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shilan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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Wang Y, Pan H, chen D, Guo D, Wang X. Targeting at cancer energy metabolism and lipid droplet formation as new treatment strategies for epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in colorectal cancer cells. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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67
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Aggarwal V, Tuli HS, Varol M, Tuorkey M, Sak K, Parashar NC, Barwal TS, Sharma U, Iqubal A, Parashar G, Jain A. NOTCH signaling: Journey of an evolutionarily conserved pathway in driving tumor progression and its modulation as a therapeutic target. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 164:103403. [PMID: 34214610 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling, an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade, is critical for normal biological processes of cell differentiation, development, and homeostasis. Deregulation of the Notch signaling pathway has been associated with tumor progression. Thus, Notch presents as an interesting target for a variety of cancer subtypes and its signaling mechanisms have been actively explored from the therapeutic viewpoint. However, besides acting as an oncogene, Notch pathway can possess also tumor suppressive functions, being implicated in inhibition of cancer development. Given such interesting dual and dynamic role of Notch, in this review, we discuss how the evolutionarily conserved Notch signaling pathway drives hallmarks of tumor progression and how it could be targeted for a promising treatment and management of cancer. In addition, the up-to-date information on the inhibitors currently under clinical trials for Notch targets is presented along with how NOTCH inhibitors can be used in conjunction with established chemotherapy/radiotherapy regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133 207, Haryana, India.
| | - Mehmet Varol
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, TR48000, Turkey.
| | - Muobarak Tuorkey
- Division of Physiology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
| | | | - Nidarshana Chaturvedi Parashar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133 207, Haryana, India.
| | - Tushar Singh Barwal
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Village-Ghudda, 151 401, Punjab, India.
| | - Uttam Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Village-Ghudda, 151 401, Punjab, India.
| | - Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (Formerly Faculty of Pharmacy), Jamia Hamdard (Deemed to be University), Delhi, India.
| | - Gaurav Parashar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133 207, Haryana, India.
| | - Aklank Jain
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Village-Ghudda, 151 401, Punjab, India.
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Khazeei Tabari MA, Iranpanah A, Bahramsoltani R, Rahimi R. Flavonoids as Promising Antiviral Agents against SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Mechanistic Review. Molecules 2021; 26:3900. [PMID: 34202374 PMCID: PMC8271800 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A newly diagnosed coronavirus in 2019 (COVID-19) has affected all human activities since its discovery. Flavonoids commonly found in the human diet have attracted a lot of attention due to their remarkable biological activities. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the benefits of flavonoids in COVID-19 disease. Previously-reported effects of flavonoids on five RNA viruses with similar clinical manifestations and/or pharmacological treatments, including influenza, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and Ebola, were considered. Flavonoids act via direct antiviral properties, where they inhibit different stages of the virus infective cycle and indirect effects when they modulate host responses to viral infection and subsequent complications. Flavonoids have shown antiviral activity via inhibition of viral protease, RNA polymerase, and mRNA, virus replication, and infectivity. The compounds were also effective for the regulation of interferons, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and sub-cellular inflammatory pathways such as nuclear factor-κB and Jun N-terminal kinases. Baicalin, quercetin and its derivatives, hesperidin, and catechins are the most studied flavonoids in this regard. In conclusion, dietary flavonoids are promising treatment options against COVID-19 infection; however, future investigations are recommended to assess the antiviral properties of these compounds on this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Khazeei Tabari
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;
- USERN Office, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Kermanshah USERN Office, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 1417653761, Iran;
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 1417653761, Iran;
- PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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Tuli HS, Aggarwal V, Tuorkey M, Aggarwal D, Parashar NC, Varol M, Savla R, Kaur G, Mittal S, Sak K. Emodin: A metabolite that exhibits anti-neoplastic activities by modulating multiple oncogenic targets. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 73:105142. [PMID: 33722736 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Nguyen THP, Kumar VB, Ponnusamy VK, Mai TTT, Nhat PT, Brindhadevi K, Pugazhendhi A. Phytochemicals intended for anticancer effects at preclinical levels to clinical practice: Assessment of formulations at nanoscale for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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71
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Targeting the crosstalk between canonical Wnt/β-catenin and inflammatory signaling cascades: A novel strategy for cancer prevention and therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 227:107876. [PMID: 33930452 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Emerging scientific evidence indicates that inflammation is a critical component of tumor promotion and progression. Most cancers originate from sites of chronic irritation, infections and inflammation, underscoring that the tumor microenvironment is largely orchestrated by inflammatory cells and pro-inflammatory molecules. These inflammatory components are intimately involved in neoplastic processes which foster proliferation, survival, invasion, and migration, making inflammation the primary target for cancer prevention and treatment. The influence of inflammation and the immune system on the progression and development of cancer has recently gained immense interest. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, an evolutionarily conserved signaling strategy, has a critical role in regulating tissue development. It has been implicated as a major player in cancer development and progression with its regulatory role on inflammatory cascades. Many naturally-occurring and small synthetic molecules endowed with inherent anti-inflammatory properties inhibit this aberrant signaling pathway, making them a promising class of compounds in the fight against inflammatory cancers. This article analyzes available scientific evidence and suggests a crosslink between Wnt/β-catenin signaling and inflammatory pathways in inflammatory cancers, especially breast, gastrointestinal, endometrial, and ovarian cancer. We also highlight emerging experimental findings that numerous anti-inflammatory synthetic and natural compounds target the crosslink between Wnt/β-catenin pathway and inflammatory cascades to achieve cancer prevention and intervention. Current challenges, limitations, and future directions of research are also discussed.
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Zheng K, Dong Y, Yang R, Liang Y, Wu H, He Z. Regulation of ferroptosis by bioactive phytochemicals: Implications for medical nutritional therapy. Pharmacol Res 2021; 168:105580. [PMID: 33781874 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron- and lipotoxicity-dependent regulated cell death that has been implicated in various diseases, such as cancer, neurodegeneration and stroke. The biosynthesis of phospholipids, coenzyme Q10, and glutathione, and the metabolism of iron, amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid, are tightly associated with cellular sensitivity to ferroptosis. Up to now, only limited drugs targeting ferroptosis have been documented and exploring novel effective ferroptosis-modulating compound is needed. Natural bioactive products are conventional resources for drug discovery, and some of them have been clinically used against cancers and neurodegenerative diseases as dietary supplements or pharmaceutic agents. Notably, increasing evidence demonstrates that natural compounds, such as saponins, flavonoids and isothiocyanates, can either induce or inhibit ferroptosis, further expanding their therapeutic potentials. In this review, we highlight current advances of the emerging molecular mechanisms and disease relevance of ferroptosis. We also systematically summarize the regulatory effects of natural phytochemicals on ferroptosis, and clearly indicate that saponins, terpenoids and alkaloids induce ROS- and ferritinophagy-dependent ferroptosis, whereas flavonoids and polyphenols modulate iron metabolism and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling to inhibit ferroptosis. Finally, we explore their clinical applications in ferroptosis-related diseases, which may facilitate the development of their dietary usages as nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
| | - Yun Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Rong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Youfang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Haiqiang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Zhendan He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
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Kalhori MR, Khodayari H, Khodayari S, Vesovic M, Jackson G, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. Regulation of Long Non-Coding RNAs by Plant Secondary Metabolites: A Novel Anticancer Therapeutic Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061274. [PMID: 33805687 PMCID: PMC8001769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is caused by the rapid and uncontrolled growth of cells that eventually lead to tumor formation. Genetic and epigenetic alterations are among the most critical factors in the onset of carcinoma. Phytochemicals are a group of natural compounds that play an essential role in cancer prevention and treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are potential therapeutic targets of bioactive phytochemicals, and these compounds could regulate the expression of lncRNAs directly and indirectly. Here, we critically evaluate in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of phytochemicals in numerous human cancers via regulation of lncRNA expression and their downstream target genes. Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that play an essential role in various cellular activities, such as differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of lncRNAs serves a fundamental role in the progression and initiation of various diseases, including cancer. Precision medicine is a suitable and optimal treatment method for cancer so that based on each patient’s genetic content, a specific treatment or drug is prescribed. The rapid advancement of science and technology in recent years has led to many successes in this particular treatment. Phytochemicals are a group of natural compounds extracted from fruits, vegetables, and plants. Through the downregulation of oncogenic lncRNAs or upregulation of tumor suppressor lncRNAs, these bioactive compounds can inhibit metastasis, proliferation, invasion, migration, and cancer cells. These natural products can be a novel and alternative strategy for cancer treatment and improve tumor cells’ sensitivity to standard adjuvant therapies. This review will discuss the antineoplastic effects of bioactive plant secondary metabolites (phytochemicals) via regulation of expression of lncRNAs in various human cancers and their potential for the treatment and prevention of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Kalhori
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415185, Iran;
| | - Hamid Khodayari
- International Center for Personalized Medicine, 40235 Düsseldorf, Germany; (H.K.); (S.K.)
- Breast Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1419733141, Iran
| | - Saeed Khodayari
- International Center for Personalized Medicine, 40235 Düsseldorf, Germany; (H.K.); (S.K.)
- Breast Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1419733141, Iran
| | - Miko Vesovic
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
| | - Gloria Jackson
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6718874414, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.H.F.); or (A.B.)
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
- Correspondence: (M.H.F.); or (A.B.)
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Natural products in the reprogramming of cancer epigenetics. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 417:115467. [PMID: 33631231 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the technological advancements, including next generation sequencing, the significance of deregulated epigenetic mechanisms in cancer initiation, progression and treatment has become evident. The accumulating knowledge relating to the epigenetic markers viz. DNA methylation, Histone modifications and non-coding RNAs make them one of the most interesting candidates for developing anti-cancer therapies. The reversibility of deregulated epigenetic mechanisms through environmental and dietary factors opens numerous avenues in the field of chemoprevention and drug development. Recent studies have proven that plant-derived natural products encompass a great potential in targeting epigenetic signatures in cancer and numerous natural products are being explored for their possibility to be considered as "epi-drug". This review intends to highlight the major aberrant epigenetic mechanisms and summarizes the essential functions of natural products like Resveratrol, Quercetin, Genistein, EGCG, Curcumin, Sulforaphane, Apigenin, Parthenolide and Berberine in modulating these aberrations. This knowledge along with the challenges and limitations in this field has potential and wider implications in developing novel and successful therapeutic strategies. The increased focus in the area will possibly provide a better understanding for the development of dietary supplements and/or drugs either alone or in combination. The interaction of epigenetics with different hallmarks of cancer and how natural products can be utilized to target them will also be interesting in the future therapeutic approaches.
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Tuli HS, Mittal S, Loka M, Aggarwal V, Aggarwal D, Masurkar A, Kaur G, Varol M, Sak K, Kumar M, Sethi G, Bishayee A. Deguelin targets multiple oncogenic signaling pathways to combat human malignancies. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105487. [PMID: 33581287 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is an anomalous growth and differentiation of cells known to be governed by oncogenic factors. Plant-based natural metabolites have been well recognized to possess chemopreventive properties. Deguelin, a natural rotenoid, is among the class of bioactive phytoconstituents from a diverse range of plants with potential antineoplastic effects in different cancer subtypes. However, the precise mechanisms of how deguelin inhibits tumor progression remains elusive. Deguelin has shown promising results in targeting the hallmarks of tumor progression via inducing tumor apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis. Based on initial scientific excerpts, deguelin has been reported to inhibit tumor growth via different signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, serine/threonine protein kinase B (also known as Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin, nuclear factor-κB, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9. This review summarizes the mechanistic insights of antineoplastic action of deguelin to gain a clear understanding of its therapeutic effects in cancer. The anticancer potential of deguelin with respect to its efficacy in targeting tumorigenesis via nanotechnological approaches is also investigated. The initial scientific findings have presented deguelin as a promising antitumorigenic agent which can be used for monotherapy as well as synergistically to augment efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatment regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133 207, Haryana, India.
| | - Sonam Mittal
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Mariam Loka
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Vaishali Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15260, USA
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133 207, Haryana, India
| | - Akshara Masurkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies University, Mumbai 400 056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies University, Mumbai 400 056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mehmet Varol
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla TR48000, Turkey
| | | | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Sadopur 134007, Haryana, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
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Gupta A, Singh AK, Loka M, Pandey AK, Bishayee A. Ferulic acid-mediated modulation of apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2021; 125:215-257. [PMID: 33931140 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, FA), a hydroxycinnamic acid derived from various seeds, nuts, leaves, and fruits, exists in a free form as well as is covalently conjugated with polysaccharides, glycoproteins, polyamines, lignin, and hydroxy fatty acids of plant cell walls. It exhibits a variety of pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, antithrombotic, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, antiviral, hepatoprotective, and anticancer activities. FA induces the expression of cell cycle-related proteins, such as p53 and p21, and reduces cyclin D1 and cyclin E levels. Moreover, FA triggers apoptosis and autophagic cell death depending on intracellular reactive oxygen species production in various cancer cell lines. The potential apoptotic action of FA is mediated by altered expression of procaspase-3, procaspase-8, procaspase-9, poly (ADP ribose) polymerase, Bcl-2, and Bax. It blocks the activation of both the canonical Smad and noncanonical extracellular-signal-regulated kinase/Akt (protein kinase B) pathways in various cancer cells. However, due to low solubility and permeability, its availability to biological systems is limited. Therefore, encapsulation of FA into chitosan tripolyphosphate nanoparticles may enhance its cytocompatibility, solubility, and anticancer potential. The nanohybrids of FA and double layered hydroxide exhibit cellular delivery properties of intercalated molecules on cancer cell lines. This chapter summarizes the anticancer efficacy of FA with an emphasis on the role of apoptosis, and underlying molecular mechanisms involving various signaling pathways in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mariam Loka
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
| | - Abhay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States.
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Bretaudeau C, Baud S, Dupont-Deshorgue A, Cousin R, Brassart B, Brassart-Pasco S. AG-9, an Elastin-Derived Peptide, Increases In Vitro Oral Tongue Carcinoma Cell Invasion, through an Increase in MMP-2 Secretion and MT1-MMP Expression, in a RPSA-Dependent Manner. Biomolecules 2020; 11:biom11010039. [PMID: 33396696 PMCID: PMC7823410 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most prevalent head and neck cancers. During tumor progression, elastin fragments are released in the tumor microenvironment. Among them, we previously identified a nonapeptide, AG-9, that stimulates melanoma progression in vivo in a mouse melanoma model. In the present paper, we studied AG-9 effect on tongue squamous cell carcinoma invasive properties. We demonstrated that AG-9 stimulates cell invasion in vitro in a modified Boyen chamber model. It increases MMP-2 secretion, analyzed by zymography and MT1-MMP expression, studied by Western blot. The stimulatory effect was mediated through Ribosomal Protein SA (RPSA) receptor binding as demonstrated by SiRNA experiments. The green tea-derived polyphenol, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), was previously shown to bind RPSA. Molecular docking experiments were performed to compare the preferred areas of interaction of AG-9 and EGCG with RPSA and suggested overlapping areas. This was confirmed by competition assays. EGCG abolished AG-9-induced invasion, MMP-2 secretion, and MT1-MMP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Bretaudeau
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), 51100 Reims, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (A.D.-D.); (R.C.); (B.B.)
- CNRS, UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), 51100 Reims, France
- CHU Reims, Service d’Odontologie, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Stéphanie Baud
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), 51100 Reims, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (A.D.-D.); (R.C.); (B.B.)
- CNRS, UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), 51100 Reims, France
- Plateau de Modélisation Moléculaire Multi-échelle, URCA, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Aurélie Dupont-Deshorgue
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), 51100 Reims, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (A.D.-D.); (R.C.); (B.B.)
- CNRS, UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), 51100 Reims, France
| | - Rémi Cousin
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), 51100 Reims, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (A.D.-D.); (R.C.); (B.B.)
- CNRS, UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), 51100 Reims, France
| | - Bertrand Brassart
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), 51100 Reims, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (A.D.-D.); (R.C.); (B.B.)
- CNRS, UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), 51100 Reims, France
| | - Sylvie Brassart-Pasco
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), 51100 Reims, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (A.D.-D.); (R.C.); (B.B.)
- CNRS, UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), 51100 Reims, France
- Correspondence:
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78
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Ashrafizadeh M, Bakhoda MR, Bahmanpour Z, Ilkhani K, Zarrabi A, Makvandi P, Khan H, Mazaheri S, Darvish M, Mirzaei H. Apigenin as Tumor Suppressor in Cancers: Biotherapeutic Activity, Nanodelivery, and Mechanisms With Emphasis on Pancreatic Cancer. Front Chem 2020; 8:829. [PMID: 33195038 PMCID: PMC7593821 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the most lethal malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its propensity for early local and distant spread, affected patients possess extremely poor prognosis. Currently applied treatments are not effective enough to eradicate all cancer cells, and minimize their migration. Besides, these treatments are associated with adverse effects on normal cells and organs. These therapies are not able to increase the overall survival rate of patients; hence, finding novel adjuvants or alternatives is so essential. Up to now, medicinal herbs were utilized for therapeutic goals. Herbal-based medicine, as traditional biotherapeutics, were employed for cancer treatment. Of them, apigenin, as a bioactive flavonoid that possesses numerous biological properties (e.g., anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects), has shown substantial anticancer activity. It seems that apigenin is capable of suppressing the proliferation of cancer cells via the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Besides, apigenin inhibits metastasis via down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases and the Akt signaling pathway. In pancreatic cancer cells, apigenin sensitizes cells in chemotherapy, and affects molecular pathways such as the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1). Herein, the biotherapeutic activity of apigenin and its mechanisms toward cancer cells are presented in the current review to shed some light on anti-tumor activity of apigenin in different cancers, with an emphasis on pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Bakhoda
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahmanpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khandan Ilkhani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Samaneh Mazaheri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Darvish
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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79
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Tanaka Y, Obinata H, Konishi A, Yamagiwa N, Tsuneoka M. Production of ROS by Gallic Acid Activates KDM2A to Reduce rRNA Transcription. Cells 2020; 9:E2266. [PMID: 33050392 PMCID: PMC7601038 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin, which is suggested to have anti-cancer effects, activates KDM2A to reduce rRNA transcription and proliferation of cancer cells. Thus, the specific activation of KDM2A may be applicable to the treatment of cancers. In this study, we screened a food-additive compound library to identify compounds that control cell proliferation. We found that gallic acid activated KDM2A to reduce rRNA transcription and cell proliferation in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Gallic acid accelerated ROS production and activated AMPK. When ROS production or AMPK activity was inhibited, gallic acid did not activate KDM2A. These results suggest that both ROS production and AMPK activation are required for activation of KDM2A by gallic acid. Gallic acid did not reduce the succinate level, which was required for KDM2A activation by metformin. Metformin did not elevate ROS production. These results suggest that the activation of KDM2A by gallic acid includes mechanisms distinct from those by metformin. Therefore, signals from multiple intracellular conditions converge in KDM2A to control rRNA transcription. Gallic acid did not induce KDM2A-dependent anti-proliferation activity in non-tumorigenic MCF10A cells. These results suggest that the mechanism of KDM2A activation by gallic acid may be applicable to the treatment of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Tanaka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki 370-0033, Japan;
| | - Hideru Obinata
- Education and Research Support Center, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan;
| | - Akimitsu Konishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan;
| | - Noriyuki Yamagiwa
- Laboratory of Molecular Design Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki 370-0033, Japan;
| | - Makoto Tsuneoka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki 370-0033, Japan;
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80
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Jackson J, Pandey R, Schmitt V. Part 1. Evaluation of Epigallocatechin Gallate or Tannic Acid Formulations of Hydrophobic Drugs for Enhanced Dermal and Bladder Uptake or for Local Anesthesia Effects. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:796-806. [PMID: 33039439 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and tannic acid (TA) are known to increase the aqueous solubility and cellular uptake of the hydrophobic drugs docetaxel, paclitaxel, amphotericin B, and curcumin. In this study the practical application of gallate-based solubilization phenomena for the uptake of these drugs into dermal and bladder tissue and of lidocaine for wound healing application was studied. The penetration of all these drugs into pig skin or docetaxel into pig bladder using EGCG or TA formulations was measured. Overall, EGCG and TA particulate or propylene glycol paste formulations of drugs allowed for greatly increased levels of drug uptake into skin as compared to control formulations. EGCG/propylene glycol pastes allowed for rapid lidocaine uptake into skin. EGCG and TA formulations of docetaxel allowed for approximately 10 fold increases in bladder tissue uptake of docetaxel over tween based solutions. Morphologically, both EGCG and TA caused a mild, dose dependent exfoliation of the bladder wall. Both EGCG and TA formed injectable viscous pastes with propylene glycol which solidified in water and degraded and released lidocaine over 2-35 days. These data support the use of EGCG and TA based formulations of certain drugs for improved dermal, bladder and wound applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Jackson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2045 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Rakhi Pandey
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2045 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Veronika Schmitt
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2045 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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81
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Hayakawa S, Ohishi T, Miyoshi N, Oishi Y, Nakamura Y, Isemura M. Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic Acid. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194553. [PMID: 33027981 PMCID: PMC7582793 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea and coffee are consumed worldwide and epidemiological and clinical studies have shown their health beneficial effects, including anti-cancer effects. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) are the major components of green tea polyphenols and coffee polyphenols, respectively, and believed to be responsible for most of these effects. Although a large number of cell-based and animal experiments have provided convincing evidence to support the anti-cancer effects of green tea, coffee, EGCG, and CGA, human studies are still controversial and some studies have suggested even an increased risk for certain types of cancers such as esophageal and gynecological cancers with green tea consumption and bladder and lung cancers with coffee consumption. The reason for these inconsistent results may have been arisen from various confounding factors. Cell-based and animal studies have proposed several mechanisms whereby EGCG and CGA exert their anti-cancer effects. These components appear to share the common mechanisms, among which one related to reactive oxygen species is perhaps the most attractive. Meanwhile, EGCG and CGA have also different target molecules which might explain the site-specific differences of anti-cancer effects found in human studies. Further studies will be necessary to clarify what is the mechanism to cause such differences between green tea and coffee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumio Hayakawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan;
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (M.I.); Tel.: +81-3-3822-2131 (S.H.); +81-54-264-5920 (M.I.)
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shizuoka 410-0301, Japan;
| | - Noriyuki Miyoshi
- School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (N.M.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yumiko Oishi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan;
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (N.M.); (Y.N.)
| | - Mamoru Isemura
- School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (N.M.); (Y.N.)
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (M.I.); Tel.: +81-3-3822-2131 (S.H.); +81-54-264-5920 (M.I.)
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