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Ricard-Blum S, Vallet SD. Matricryptins Network with Matricellular Receptors at the Surface of Endothelial and Tumor Cells. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:11. [PMID: 26869928 PMCID: PMC4740388 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a source of bioactive fragments called matricryptins or matrikines resulting from the proteolytic cleavage of extracellular proteins (e.g., collagens, elastin, and laminins) and proteoglycans (e.g., perlecan). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cathepsins, and bone-morphogenetic protein-1 release fragments, which regulate physiopathological processes including tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis, a pre-requisite for tumor growth. A number of matricryptins, and/or synthetic peptides derived from them, are currently investigated as potential anti-cancer drugs both in vitro and in animal models. Modifications aiming at improving their efficiency and their delivery to their target cells are studied. However, their use as drugs is not straightforward. The biological activities of these fragments are mediated by several receptor families. Several matricryptins may bind to the same matricellular receptor, and a single matricryptin may bind to two different receptors belonging or not to the same family such as integrins and growth factor receptors. Furthermore, some matricryptins interact with each other, integrins and growth factor receptors crosstalk and a signaling pathway may be regulated by several matricryptins. This forms an intricate 3D interaction network at the surface of tumor and endothelial cells, which is tightly associated with other cell-surface associated molecules such as heparan sulfate, caveolin, and nucleolin. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying the behavior of this network is required in order to optimize the development of matricryptins as anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5246 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - University Lyon 1 - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon - École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sylvain D Vallet
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5246 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - University Lyon 1 - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon - École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon Villeurbanne, France
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Horton ER, Humphries JD, Stutchbury B, Jacquemet G, Ballestrem C, Barry ST, Humphries MJ. Modulation of FAK and Src adhesion signaling occurs independently of adhesion complex composition. J Cell Biol 2016; 212:349-64. [PMID: 26833789 PMCID: PMC4739608 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201508080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) form mechanochemical connections between the extracellular matrix and actin cytoskeleton and mediate phenotypic responses via posttranslational modifications. Here, we investigate the modularity and robustness of the IAC network to pharmacological perturbation of the key IAC signaling components focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src. FAK inhibition using AZ13256675 blocked FAK(Y397) phosphorylation but did not alter IAC composition, as reported by mass spectrometry. IAC composition was also insensitive to Src inhibition using AZD0530 alone or in combination with FAK inhibition. In contrast, kinase inhibition substantially reduced phosphorylation within IACs, cell migration and proliferation. Furthermore using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we found that FAK inhibition increased the exchange rate of a phosphotyrosine (pY) reporter (dSH2) at IACs. These data demonstrate that kinase-dependent signal propagation through IACs is independent of gross changes in IAC composition. Together, these findings demonstrate a general separation between the composition of IACs and their ability to relay pY-dependent signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward R Horton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Jonathan D Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Ben Stutchbury
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Guillaume Jacquemet
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Christoph Ballestrem
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Simon T Barry
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Cheshire SK10 4TG, England, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
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Shafqat-Abbasi H, Kowalewski JM, Kiss A, Gong X, Hernandez-Varas P, Berge U, Jafari-Mamaghani M, Lock JG, Strömblad S. An analysis toolbox to explore mesenchymal migration heterogeneity reveals adaptive switching between distinct modes. eLife 2016; 5:e11384. [PMID: 26821527 PMCID: PMC4749554 DOI: 10.7554/elife.11384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal (lamellipodial) migration is heterogeneous, although whether this reflects progressive variability or discrete, 'switchable' migration modalities, remains unclear. We present an analytical toolbox, based on quantitative single-cell imaging data, to interrogate this heterogeneity. Integrating supervised behavioral classification with multivariate analyses of cell motion, membrane dynamics, cell-matrix adhesion status and F-actin organization, this toolbox here enables the detection and characterization of two quantitatively distinct mesenchymal migration modes, termed 'Continuous' and 'Discontinuous'. Quantitative mode comparisons reveal differences in cell motion, spatiotemporal coordination of membrane protrusion/retraction, and how cells within each mode reorganize with changed cell speed. These modes thus represent distinctive migratory strategies. Additional analyses illuminate the macromolecular- and cellular-scale effects of molecular targeting (fibronectin, talin, ROCK), including 'adaptive switching' between Continuous (favored at high adhesion/full contraction) and Discontinuous (low adhesion/inhibited contraction) modes. Overall, this analytical toolbox now facilitates the exploration of both spontaneous and adaptive heterogeneity in mesenchymal migration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob M Kowalewski
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Alexa Kiss
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Xiaowei Gong
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Ulrich Berge
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - John G Lock
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Staffan Strömblad
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Src Family Tyrosine Kinase Signaling Regulates FilGAP through Association with RBM10. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146593. [PMID: 26751795 PMCID: PMC4709192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
FilGAP is a Rac-specific GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that suppresses lamellae formation. In this study, we have identified RBM10 (RNA Binding Motif domain protein 10) as a FilGAP-interacting protein. Although RBM10 is mostly localized in the nuclei in human melanoma A7 cells, forced expression of Src family tyrosine kinase Fyn induced translocation of RBM10 from nucleus into cell peripheries where RBM10 and FilGAP are co-localized. The translocation of RBM10 from nucleus appears to require catalytic activity of Fyn since kinase-negative Fyn mutant failed to induce translocation of RBM10 in A7 cells. When human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells are spreading on collagen-coated coverslips, endogenous FilGAP and RBM10 were localized at the cell periphery with tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins. RBM10 appears to be responsible for targeting FilGAP at the cell periphery because depletion of RBM10 by siRNA abrogated peripheral localization of FilGAP during cell spreading. Association of RBM10 with FilGAP may stimulate RacGAP activity of FilGAP. First, forced expression of RBM10 suppressed FilGAP-mediated cell spreading on collagen. Conversely, depletion of endogenous RBM10 by siRNA abolished FilGAP-mediated suppression of cell spreading on collagen. Second, FilGAP suppressed formation of membrane ruffles induced by Fyn and instead produced spiky cell protrusions at the cell periphery. This protrusive structure was also induced by depletion of Rac, suggesting that the formation of protrusions may be due to suppression of Rac by FilGAP. We found that depletion of RBM10 markedly reduced the formation of protrusions in cells transfected with Fyn and FilGAP. Finally, depletion of RBM10 blocked FilGAP-mediated suppression of ruffle formation induced by EGF. Taken together, these results suggest that Src family tyrosine kinase signaling may regulate FilGAP through association with RBM10.
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55
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Plak K, Pots H, Van Haastert PJM, Kortholt A. Direct Interaction between TalinB and Rap1 is necessary for adhesion of Dictyostelium cells. BMC Cell Biol 2016; 17:1. [PMID: 26744136 PMCID: PMC4861126 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-015-0078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The small G-protein Rap1 is an important regulator of cellular adhesion in Dictyostelium, however so far the downstream signalling pathways for cell adhesion are not completely characterized. In mammalian cells talin is crucial for adhesion and Rap1 was shown to be a key regulator of talin signalling. Results In a proteomic screen we identified TalinB as a potential Rap1 effector in Dictyostelium. In subsequent pull-down experiments we demonstrate that the Ras association (RA) domain of TalinB interacts specifically with active Rap1. Studies with a mutated RA domain revealed that the RA domain is essential for TalinB-Rap1 interaction, and that this interaction contributes to cell-substrate adhesion during single-celled growth and is crucial for cell-cell adhesion during multicellular development. Conclusions Dictyostelium Rap1 directly binds to TalinB via the conserved RA domain. This interaction is critical for adhesion, which becomes essential for high adhesive force demanding processes, like morphogenesis during multicellular development of Dictyostelium. In mammalian cells the established Rap1-talin interaction is indirect and acts through the scaffold protein - RIAM. Interestingly, direct binding of mouse Rap1 to the RA domain of Talin1 has recently been demonstrated. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12860-015-0078-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Plak
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, AG 9747, The Netherlands. .,Current address: BIOTEC center, Technical University Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Henderikus Pots
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, AG 9747, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter J M Van Haastert
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, AG 9747, The Netherlands.
| | - Arjan Kortholt
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, AG 9747, The Netherlands.
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56
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ANSARI AFTABA, BYRAREDDY SIDDAPPAN. The Role of Integrin Expressing Cells in Modulating Disease Susceptibility and Progression (January 2016). INTERNATIONAL TRENDS IN IMMUNITY 2016; 4:11-27. [PMID: 28770236 PMCID: PMC5536173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this review we have summarized the role of gut homing molecules with a focus on the heterodimeric integrin α4β7 since the α4β7 has been shown to be important in modulating SIV transmission, disease susceptibility and progression. This review provides an overview of integrins, their structure and function to provide a general background upon which the role of the α4β7 integrin can best be understood. We also describe integrins and their cognate receptors and their potential role in modulating disease that we hope provides some food for thought on how such knowledge can be utilized for vaccine formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- AFTAB A. ANSARI
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - SIDDAPPA N. BYRAREDDY
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neurosciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha NE 68312
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha NE 68312
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57
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Horton ER, Byron A, Askari JA, Ng DHJ, Millon-Frémillon A, Robertson J, Koper EJ, Paul NR, Warwood S, Knight D, Humphries JD, Humphries MJ. Definition of a consensus integrin adhesome and its dynamics during adhesion complex assembly and disassembly. Nat Cell Biol 2015; 17:1577-1587. [PMID: 26479319 PMCID: PMC4663675 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Integrin receptor activation initiates the formation of integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) at the cell membrane that transduce adhesion-dependent signals to control a multitude of cellular functions. Proteomic analyses of isolated IACs have revealed an unanticipated molecular complexity; however, a global view of the consensus composition and dynamics of IACs is lacking. Here, we have integrated several IAC proteomes and generated a 2,412-protein integrin adhesome. Analysis of this data set reveals the functional diversity of proteins in IACs and establishes a consensus adhesome of 60 proteins. The consensus adhesome is likely to represent a core cell adhesion machinery, centred around four axes comprising ILK-PINCH-kindlin, FAK-paxillin, talin-vinculin and α-actinin-zyxin-VASP, and includes underappreciated IAC components such as Rsu-1 and caldesmon. Proteomic quantification of IAC assembly and disassembly detailed the compositional dynamics of the core cell adhesion machinery. The definition of this consensus view of integrin adhesome components provides a resource for the research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward R. Horton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Adam Byron
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Janet A. Askari
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Daniel H. J. Ng
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Angélique Millon-Frémillon
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Joseph Robertson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Ewa J. Koper
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Nikki R. Paul
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Stacey Warwood
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - David Knight
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jonathan D. Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Martin J. Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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58
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Mechanosensitivity of integrin adhesion complexes: role of the consensus adhesome. Exp Cell Res 2015; 343:7-13. [PMID: 26515553 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cell and tissue stiffness have been known to contribute to both developmental and pathological signalling for some time, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Integrins and their associated adhesion signalling complexes (IACs), which form a nexus between the cell cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix, act as a key force sensing and transducing unit in cells. Accordingly, there has been much interest in obtaining a systems-level understanding of IAC composition. Proteomic approaches have revealed the complexity of IACs and identified a large number of components that are regulated by cytoskeletal force. Here we review the function of the consensus adhesome, an assembly of core IAC proteins that emerged from a meta-analysis of multiple proteomic datasets, in the context of mechanosensing. As IAC components have been linked to a variety of diseases involved with rigidity sensing, the field is now in a position to define the mechanosensing function of individual IAC proteins and elucidate their mechanisms of action.
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Kashyap R, Roucourt B, Lembo F, Fares J, Carcavilla AM, Restouin A, Zimmermann P, Ghossoub R. Syntenin controls migration, growth, proliferation, and cell cycle progression in cancer cells. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:241. [PMID: 26539120 PMCID: PMC4612656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The scaffold protein syntenin abounds during fetal life where it is important for developmental movements. In human adulthood, syntenin gain-of-function is increasingly associated with various cancers and poor prognosis. Depending on the cancer model analyzed, syntenin affects various signaling pathways. We previously have shown that syntenin allows syndecan heparan sulfate proteoglycans to escape degradation. This indicates that syntenin has the potential to support sustained signaling of a plethora of growth factors and adhesion molecules. Here, we aim to clarify the impact of syntenin loss-of-function on cancer cell migration, growth, and proliferation, using cells from various cancer types and syntenin shRNA and siRNA silencing approaches. We observed decreased migration, growth, and proliferation of the mouse melanoma cell line B16F10, the human colon cancer cell line HT29 and the human breast cancer cell line MCF7. We further documented that syntenin controls the presence of active β1 integrin at the cell membrane and G1/S cell cycle transition as well as the expression levels of CDK4, Cyclin D2, and Retinoblastoma proteins. These data confirm that syntenin supports the migration and growth of tumor cells, independently of their origin, and further highlight the attractiveness of syntenin as potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Kashyap
- Laboratory for Signal Integration in Cell Fate Decision, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium ; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, France ; Inserm U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Marseille, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7258 Marseille, France
| | - Bart Roucourt
- Laboratory for Signal Integration in Cell Fate Decision, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederique Lembo
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, France ; Inserm U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Marseille, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7258 Marseille, France
| | - Joanna Fares
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, France ; Inserm U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Marseille, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7258 Marseille, France
| | - Ane Marcos Carcavilla
- Laboratory for Signal Integration in Cell Fate Decision, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Audrey Restouin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, France ; Inserm U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Marseille, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7258 Marseille, France
| | - Pascale Zimmermann
- Laboratory for Signal Integration in Cell Fate Decision, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium ; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, France ; Inserm U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Marseille, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7258 Marseille, France
| | - Rania Ghossoub
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, France ; Inserm U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Marseille, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7258 Marseille, France
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60
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Ajeian JN, Horton ER, Astudillo P, Byron A, Askari JA, Millon-Frémillon A, Knight D, Kimber SJ, Humphries MJ, Humphries JD. Proteomic analysis of integrin-associated complexes from mesenchymal stem cells. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 10:51-7. [PMID: 26147903 PMCID: PMC4737105 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capability to differentiate down adipocyte, osteocyte and chondrocyte lineages and as such offer a range of potential therapeutic applications. The composition and stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM) environment that surrounds cells dictates their transcriptional programme, thereby affecting stem cell lineage decision‐making. Cells sense force via linkages between themselves and their microenvironment, and this is transmitted by integrin receptors and associated adhesion signalling complexes. To identify regulators of MSC force sensing, we sought to catalogue MSC integrin‐associated adhesion complex composition. Experimental design Adhesion complexes formed by MSCs plated on the ECM ligand fibronectin were isolated and characterised by MS. Identified proteins were interrogated by comparison to a literature‐based reference set of cell adhesion‐related components and using ontological and protein–protein interaction network analyses. Results Adhesion complex‐specific proteins in MSCs were identified that comprised predominantly cell adhesion‐related adaptors and actin cytoskeleton regulators. Furthermore, LIM domain‐containing proteins in MSC adhesion complexes were highlighted, which may act as force‐sensing components. Conclusion and clinical relevance These data provide a valuable resource of information regarding the molecular connections that link integrins and adhesion signalling in MSCs, and as such may present novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jila N Ajeian
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Edward R Horton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pablo Astudillo
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam Byron
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Janet A Askari
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Angélique Millon-Frémillon
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Knight
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Susan J Kimber
- North West Embryonic Stem Cell Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jonathan D Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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61
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Abstract
Neuronal growth cones are exquisite sensory-motor machines capable of transducing features contacted in their local extracellular environment into guided process extension during development. Extensive research has shown that chemical ligands activate cell surface receptors on growth cones leading to intracellular signals that direct cytoskeletal changes. However, the environment also provides mechanical support for growth cone adhesion and traction forces that stabilize leading edge protrusions. Interestingly, recent work suggests that both the mechanical properties of the environment and mechanical forces generated within growth cones influence axon guidance. In this review we discuss novel molecular mechanisms involved in growth cone force production and detection, and speculate how these processes may be necessary for the development of proper neuronal morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Kerstein
- Neuroscience Training Program, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
| | - Robert H Nichol
- Neuroscience Training Program, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
| | - Timothy M Gomez
- Neuroscience Training Program, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
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