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Wang Y, Shi J, Jiang F, Xu YJ, Liu Y. Metabolomics reveals the impact of saturation of dietary lipids on aging and longevity of C. elegans. Mol Omics 2022; 18:430-438. [DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00041e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Saturation differences in dietary lipids modify their digestive and absorption profiles, endpoints that may influence the nutrition and health. This study tests the hypothesis that dietary with elevated unsaturated fats...
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Li R, Tao M, Xu T, Pan S, Xu X, Wu T. Small berries as health-promoting ingredients: a review on anti-aging effects and mechanisms in Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Funct 2021; 13:478-500. [PMID: 34927654 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02184b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable, irreversible, and complex process of damage accumulation and functional decline, increasing the risk of various chronic diseases. However, for now no drug can delay aging process nor cure aging-related diseases. Nutritional intervention is considered as a key and effective strategy to promote healthy aging and improve life quality. Small berries, as one of the most common and popular fruits, have been demonstrated to improve cognitive function and possess neuroprotective activities. However, the anti-aging effects of small berries have not been systematically elucidated yet. This review mainly focuses on small berries' anti-aging activity studies involving small berry types, active components, the utilized model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), related signaling pathways, and molecular mechanisms. The purpose of this review is to propose effective strategies to evaluate the anti-aging effects of small berries and provide guidance for the development of anti-aging supplements from small berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mingfang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tingting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Siyi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
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53
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Yang L, Ye Q, Zhang X, Li K, Liang X, Wang M, Shi L, Luo S, Zhang Q, Zhang X. Pyrroloquinoline quinone extends Caenorhabditis elegans' longevity through the insulin/IGF1 signaling pathway-mediated activation of autophagy. Food Funct 2021; 12:11319-11330. [PMID: 34647561 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02128a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the leading cause of human morbidity and death worldwide. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a water-soluble vitamin-like compound that has strong anti-oxidant capacity. Beneficial effects of PQQ on lifespan have been discovered in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the current study, we hypothesized that the longevity-extending effect of PQQ may be linked to autophagy and insulin/IGF1 signaling (IIS) in C. elegans. Our data demonstrate that PQQ at a concentration of 1 mM maximally extended the mean life of C. elegans by 33.1%. PQQ increased locomotion and anti-stress ability, and reduced fat accumulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. There was no significant lifespan extension in PQQ-treated daf-16, daf-2, and bec-1 mutants, suggesting that these IIS- and autophagy-related genes may mediate the anti-aging effects of the PQQ. Furthermore, PQQ raised mRNA expression and the nuclear localization of the pivotal transcription factor daf-16, and then activated its downstream targets sod-3, clt-1, and hsp16.2. Enhanced activity of the autophagy pathway was also observed in PQQ-fed C. elegans, as evidenced by increased expression of the key autophagy genes including lgg-1, and bec-1, and also by an increase in the GFP::LGG-1 puncta. Inactivation of the IIS pathway-related genes daf-2 or daf-16 by RNAi partially blocked the increase in autophagy activity caused by PQQ treatment, suggesting that autophagy may be regulated by IIS. This study demonstrates that anti-aging properties of PQQ, in the C. elegans model, may be mediated via the IIS pathway and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qi Ye
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Science and Technology Centre, By-Health Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiaoshan Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Linran Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Suhui Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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Chen T, Luo S, Wang X, Zhou Y, Dai Y, Zhou L, Feng S, Yuan M, Ding C. Polyphenols from Blumea laciniata Extended the Lifespan and Enhanced Resistance to Stress in Caenorhabditis elegans via the Insulin Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111744. [PMID: 34829615 PMCID: PMC8614712 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Blumea laciniata is widely used as a folk medicine in Asia, but relevant literature on it is rarely reported. We confirmed that polyphenol extract (containing chlorogenic acid, rutin, and luteolin-4-O-glucoside) from B. laciniata (EBL) showed strong antioxidant ability in vitro. Hence, in this work, we applied Caenorhabditis elegans to further investigate the antioxidant and anti-ageing abilities of EBL in vivo. The results showed that EBL enhanced the survival of C. elegans under thermal stress by 12.62% and sharply reduced the reactive oxygen species level as well as the content of malonaldehyde. Moreover, EBL increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase. Additionally, EBL promoted DAF-16, a transcription factor, into the nucleus. Besides, EBL extended the lifespan of C. elegans by 17.39%, showing an anti-ageing effect. Different mutants indicated that the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway participated in the antioxidant and anti-ageing effect of EBL on C. elegans.
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Zia A, Farkhondeh T, Sahebdel F, Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Samarghandian S. Key miRNAs in Modulating Aging and Longevity: A Focus on Signaling Pathways and Cellular Targets. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:736-762. [PMID: 34533452 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210917141541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial procedure accompanied by gradual deterioration of most biological procedures of cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of mRNAs through sequence-specific binding, and contributing to many crucial aspects of cell biology. Several miRNAs are expressed differently in various organisms through aging. The function of miRNAs in modulating aging procedures has been disclosed recently with the detection of miRNAs that modulate longevity in the invertebrate model organisms, through the IIS pathway. In these model organisms, several miRNAs have been detected to both negatively and positively regulate lifespan via commonly aging pathways. miRNAs modulate age-related procedures and disorders in different mammalian tissues by measuring their tissue-specific expression in older and younger counterparts, including heart, skin, bone, brain, and muscle tissues. Moreover, several miRNAs have been contributed to modulating senescence in different human cells, and the roles of these miRNAs in modulating cellular senescence have allowed illustrating some mechanisms of aging. The review discusses the available data on miRNAs through the aging process and we highlight the roles of miRNAs as aging biomarkers and regulators of longevity in cellular senescence, tissue aging, and organism lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliabbas Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Faezeh Sahebdel
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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56
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Allele-specific mitochondrial stress induced by Multiple Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Syndrome 1 pathogenic mutations modeled in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009771. [PMID: 34449775 PMCID: PMC8428684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Syndrome 1 (MMDS1) is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the NFU1 gene. NFU1 is responsible for delivery of iron-sulfur clusters (ISCs) to recipient proteins which require these metallic cofactors for their function. Pathogenic variants of NFU1 lead to dysfunction of its target proteins within mitochondria. To date, 20 NFU1 variants have been reported and the unique contributions of each variant to MMDS1 pathogenesis is unknown. Given that over half of MMDS1 individuals are compound heterozygous for different NFU1 variants, it is valuable to investigate individual variants in an isogenic background. In order to understand the shared and unique phenotypes of NFU1 variants, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to recreate exact patient variants of NFU1 in the orthologous gene, nfu-1 (formerly lpd-8), in C. elegans. Five mutant C. elegans alleles focused on the presumptive iron-sulfur cluster interaction domain were generated and analyzed for mitochondrial phenotypes including respiratory dysfunction and oxidative stress. Phenotypes were variable between the mutant nfu-1 alleles and generally presented as an allelic series indicating that not all variants have lost complete function. Furthermore, reactive iron within mitochondria was evident in some, but not all, nfu-1 mutants indicating that iron dyshomeostasis may contribute to disease pathogenesis in some MMDS1 individuals. Functional mitochondria are essential to life in eukaryotes, but they can be perterbured by inherent dysfunction of important proteins or stressors. Mitochondrial dysfunction is the root cause of dozens of diseases many of which involve complex phenotypes. One such disease is Multiple Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Syndrome 1, a pediatric-fatal disease that is poorly understood in part due to the lack of clarity about how mutations in the causative gene, NFU1, affect protein function and phenotype development and severity. Here we employ the power of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in the small nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to recreate five patient-specific mutations known to cause Multiple Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Syndrome 1. We are able to analyze each of these mutations individually, evaluate how mitochondrial dysfunction differs between them, and whether or not the phenotypes can be improved. We find that there are meaningful differences between each mutation which not only effects the types of stress that develop, but also the ability to rescue deleterious phenotypes. This work thus provides insight into disease pathogenesis and establishes a foundation for potential future therapeutic intervention.
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57
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Ow MC, Nichitean AM, Hall SE. Somatic aging pathways regulate reproductive plasticity in Caenorhabditis elegans. eLife 2021; 10:61459. [PMID: 34236316 PMCID: PMC8291976 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In animals, early-life stress can result in programmed changes in gene expression that can affect their adult phenotype. In C. elegans nematodes, starvation during the first larval stage promotes entry into a stress-resistant dauer stage until environmental conditions improve. Adults that have experienced dauer (postdauers) retain a memory of early-life starvation that results in gene expression changes and reduced fecundity. Here, we show that the endocrine pathways attributed to the regulation of somatic aging in C. elegans adults lacking a functional germline also regulate the reproductive phenotypes of postdauer adults that experienced early-life starvation. We demonstrate that postdauer adults reallocate fat to benefit progeny at the expense of the parental somatic fat reservoir and exhibit increased longevity compared to controls. Our results also show that the modification of somatic fat stores due to parental starvation memory is inherited in the F1 generation and may be the result of crosstalk between somatic and reproductive tissues mediated by the germline nuclear RNAi pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Ow
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, United States
| | | | - Sarah E Hall
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, United States
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58
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Wang Z, Dai S, Wang J, Du W, Zhu L. Assessment on chronic and transgenerational toxicity of methamphetamine to Caenorhabditis elegans and associated aquatic risk through toxicity indicator sensitivity distribution (TISD) analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117696. [PMID: 34243081 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Evidence about the adverse effects of methamphetamine (METH) on invertebrates is scarce. Hence, C. elegans, a representative invertebrate model, was exposed to METH at environmental levels to estimate chronic and transgenerational toxicity. The results of chronic exposure were integrated into an underlying toxicity framework of METH in invertebrates (e.g., benthos) at environmentally relevant concentrations. The induction of cellular oxidative damage-induced apoptosis and fluctuation of ecologically important traits (i.e., feeding and locomotion) might be attributed by the activation of the longevity regulating pathway regulated by DAF-16/FOXO, and detoxification by CYP family enzymes. The adverse effects to the organism level included impaired viability and decreased fecundity. The results from transgenerational exposure elucidated the cumulative METH-induced damage in invertebrates. Finally, a new risk assessment method named toxicity indicator sensitivity distribution (TISD) analysis was proposed by combining multiple toxicity indicator test data (ECx) to derive the hazardous concentration for 10% indicators (C10) of one species. The risk quotient (RQ) values calculated by measured environmental concentrations and C10 in southern China, southeastern Australia, and the western US crossed the alarm line (RQ = 5), suggesting a need for long-term monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglu Wang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, PR China
| | - Shuiping Dai
- National Center for Geriatrics Clinical Medicine Research, Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Jinze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Lin Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
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59
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Liu L, Guo P, Wang P, Zheng S, Qu Z, Liu N. The Review of Anti-aging Mechanism of Polyphenols on Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:635768. [PMID: 34327192 PMCID: PMC8314386 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.635768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronutrients extracted from natural plants or made by biological synthesis are widely used in anti-aging research and applications. Among more than 30 effective anti-aging substances, employing polyphenol organic compounds for modification or delaying of the aging process attracts great interest because of their distinct contribution in the prevention of degenerative diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. There is a profound potential for polyphenol extracts in the research of aging and the related diseases of the elderly. Previous studies have mainly focused on the properties of polyphenols implicated in free radical scavenging; however, the anti-oxidant effect cannot fully elaborate its biological functions, such as neuroprotection, Aβ protein production, ion channel coupling, and signal transduction pathways. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has been considered as an ideal model organism for exploring the mechanism of anti-aging research and is broadly utilized in screening for natural bioactive substances. In this review, we have described the molecular mechanisms and pathways responsible for the slowdown of aging processes exerted by polyphenols. We also have discussed the possible mechanisms for their anti-oxidant and anti-aging properties in C. elegans from the perspective of different classifications of the specific polyphenols, such as flavonols, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid, and stilbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Peisen Guo
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peixi Wang
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shanqing Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhi Qu
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Nan Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Institute of Environment and Health, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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60
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Choi LS, Shi C, Ashraf J, Sohrabi S, Murphy CT. Oleic Acid Protects Caenorhabditis Mothers From Mating-Induced Death and the Cost of Reproduction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:690373. [PMID: 34179018 PMCID: PMC8226236 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.690373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproduction comes at a cost, including accelerated death. Previous studies of the interconnections between reproduction, lifespan, and fat metabolism in C. elegans were predominantly performed in low-reproduction conditions. To understand how increased reproduction affects lifespan and fat metabolism, we examined mated worms; we find that a Δ9 desaturase, FAT-7, is significantly up-regulated. Dietary supplementation of oleic acid (OA), the immediate downstream product of FAT-7 activity, restores fat storage and completely rescues mating-induced death, while other fatty acids cannot. OA-mediated lifespan restoration is also observed in C. elegans mutants suffering increased death from short-term mating, and in mated C. remanei females, indicating a conserved role of oleic acid in post-mating lifespan regulation. Our results suggest that increased reproduction can be uncoupled from the costs of reproduction from somatic longevity regulation if provided with the limiting lipid, oleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo S Choi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Cheng Shi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Jasmine Ashraf
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Salman Sohrabi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Coleen T Murphy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
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61
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Gaddy MA, Kuang S, Alfhili MA, Lee MH. The soma-germline communication: implications for somatic and reproductive aging. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 33407997 PMCID: PMC8167245 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2021.54.5.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a functional decline in most physiological processes, including alterations in cellular metabolism and defense mechanisms. Increasing evidence suggests that caloric restriction extends longevity and retards age-related diseases at least in part by reducing metabolic rate and oxidative stress in a variety of species, including yeast, worms, flies, and mice. Moreover, recent studies in invertebrates – worms and flies, highlight the intricate interrelation between reproductive longevity and somatic aging (known as disposable soma theory of aging), which appears to be conserved in vertebrates. This review is specifically focused on how the reproductive system modulates somatic aging and vice versa in genetic model systems. Since many signaling pathways governing the aging process are evolutionarily conserved, similar mechanisms may be involved in controlling soma and reproductive aging in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Gaddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
| | - Swana Kuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
| | - Mohammad A. Alfhili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Myon Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
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Holtze S, Gorshkova E, Braude S, Cellerino A, Dammann P, Hildebrandt TB, Hoeflich A, Hoffmann S, Koch P, Terzibasi Tozzini E, Skulachev M, Skulachev VP, Sahm A. Alternative Animal Models of Aging Research. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:660959. [PMID: 34079817 PMCID: PMC8166319 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.660959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Most research on mechanisms of aging is being conducted in a very limited number of classical model species, i.e., laboratory mouse (Mus musculus), rat (Rattus norvegicus domestica), the common fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) and roundworm (Caenorhabditis elegans). The obvious advantages of using these models are access to resources such as strains with known genetic properties, high-quality genomic and transcriptomic sequencing data, versatile experimental manipulation capabilities including well-established genome editing tools, as well as extensive experience in husbandry. However, this approach may introduce interpretation biases due to the specific characteristics of the investigated species, which may lead to inappropriate, or even false, generalization. For example, it is still unclear to what extent knowledge of aging mechanisms gained in short-lived model organisms is transferable to long-lived species such as humans. In addition, other specific adaptations favoring a long and healthy life from the immense evolutionary toolbox may be entirely missed. In this review, we summarize the specific characteristics of emerging animal models that have attracted the attention of gerontologists, we provide an overview of the available data and resources related to these models, and we summarize important insights gained from them in recent years. The models presented include short-lived ones such as killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri), long-lived ones such as primates (Callithrix jacchus, Cebus imitator, Macaca mulatta), bathyergid mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber, Fukomys spp.), bats (Myotis spp.), birds, olms (Proteus anguinus), turtles, greenland sharks, bivalves (Arctica islandica), and potentially non-aging ones such as Hydra and Planaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Holtze
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Gorshkova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stan Braude
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Alessandro Cellerino
- Biology Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
- Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Philip Dammann
- Department of General Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Central Animal Laboratory, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas B. Hildebrandt
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hoeflich
- Division Signal Transduction, Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Steve Hoffmann
- Computational Biology Group, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Philipp Koch
- Core Facility Life Science Computing, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Eva Terzibasi Tozzini
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Maxim Skulachev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir P. Skulachev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Arne Sahm
- Computational Biology Group, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
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Mutlu AS, Duffy J, Wang MC. Lipid metabolism and lipid signals in aging and longevity. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1394-1407. [PMID: 33891896 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipids play crucial roles in regulating aging and longevity. In the past few decades, a series of genetic pathways have been discovered to regulate lifespan in model organisms. Interestingly, many of these regulatory pathways are linked to lipid metabolism and lipid signaling. Lipid metabolic enzymes undergo significant changes during aging and are regulated by different longevity pathways. Lipids also actively modulate lifespan and health span as signaling molecules. In this review, we summarize recent insights into the roles of lipid metabolism and lipid signaling in aging and discuss lipid-related interventions in promoting longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Sena Mutlu
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jonathon Duffy
- Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Meng C Wang
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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García-Casas P, Alvarez-Illera P, Fonteriz RI, Montero M, Alvarez J. Mechanism of the lifespan extension induced by submaximal SERCA inhibition in C. elegans. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 196:111474. [PMID: 33766744 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have reported recently that submaximal inhibition of the Sarco Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) produces an increase in the lifespan of C. elegans worms. We have explored here the mechanism of this increased survival by studying the effect of SERCA inhibition in several mutants of signaling pathways related to longevity. Our data show that the mechanism of the effect is unrelated with the insulin signaling pathway or the sirtuin activity, because SERCA inhibitors increased lifespan similarly in mutants of these pathways. However, the effect required functional mitochondria and both the AMP kinase and TOR pathways, as the SERCA inhibitors were ineffective in the corresponding mutants. The same effects were obtained after reducing SERCA expression with submaximal RNAi treatment. The SERCA inhibitors did not induce ER-stress at the concentrations used, and their effect was not modified by inactivation of the OP50 bacterial food. Altogether, our data suggest that the effect may be due to a reduced ER-mitochondria Ca2+ transfer acting via AMPK activation and mTOR inhibition to promote survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma García-Casas
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pilar Alvarez-Illera
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rosalba I Fonteriz
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mayte Montero
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Javier Alvarez
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain.
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Tataridas-Pallas N, Thompson MA, Howard A, Brown I, Ezcurra M, Wu Z, Silva IG, Saunter CD, Kuerten T, Weinkove D, Blackwell TK, Tullet JMA. Neuronal SKN-1B modulates nutritional signalling pathways and mitochondrial networks to control satiety. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009358. [PMID: 33661901 PMCID: PMC7932105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The feeling of hunger or satiety results from integration of the sensory nervous system with other physiological and metabolic cues. This regulates food intake, maintains homeostasis and prevents disease. In C. elegans, chemosensory neurons sense food and relay information to the rest of the animal via hormones to control food-related behaviour and physiology. Here we identify a new component of this system, SKN-1B which acts as a central food-responsive node, ultimately controlling satiety and metabolic homeostasis. SKN-1B, an ortholog of mammalian NF-E2 related transcription factors (Nrfs), has previously been implicated with metabolism, respiration and the increased lifespan incurred by dietary restriction. Here we show that SKN-1B acts in two hypothalamus-like ASI neurons to sense food, communicate nutritional status to the organism, and control satiety and exploratory behaviours. This is achieved by SKN-1B modulating endocrine signalling pathways (IIS and TGF-β), and by promoting a robust mitochondrial network. Our data suggest a food-sensing and satiety role for mammalian Nrf proteins. Deciding when and how much to eat is important for maintaining health and preventing disease. It requires an intricate molecular level of communication between our nervous, physiological, and metabolic systems. These signals stimulate food intake, and afterwards the feeling of satiety which makes us stop eating. We have studied these phenomena using the simple nematode worm C. elegans which has a fully mapped nervous system and quantifiable food-related behaviours. In C. elegans, chemosensory neurons sense food and communicate this to the rest of the animal via hormones to control food-related behaviour and associated physiological changes. Here we identify a new central node of this system, the C. elegans gene SKN-1B, which acts in two sensory neurons to sense food, communicate food-status to the rest of the worm, and control satiety and exploratory behaviours. It does this by altering hormonal signalling (Insulin and Transforming Growth Factor-β), and by promoting a strong mitochondrial network. The mammalian equivalents of SKN-1B are the NF-E2 related transcription factors (Nrfs), which have previously been implicated with metabolism and respiration. Our data suggest a new food-sensing and satiety role for mammalian Nrf proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander Howard
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Brown
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Ezcurra
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Ziyun Wu
- Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | - Timo Kuerten
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - David Weinkove
- Magnitude Biosciences Ltd, NETPark Plexus, Sedgefield, United Kingdom
| | - T. Keith Blackwell
- Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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66
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Developmental plasticity and the response to nutrient stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Dev Biol 2021; 475:265-276. [PMID: 33549550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Developmental plasticity refers the ability of an organism to adapt to various environmental stressors, one of which is nutritional stress. Caenorhabditis elegans require various nutrients to successfully progress through all the larval stages to become a reproductive adult. If nutritional criteria are not satisfied, development can slow or completely arrest. In poor growth conditions, the animal can enter various diapause stages, depending on its developmental progress. In C. elegans, there are three well-characterized diapauses: the L1 arrest, the dauer diapause, and adult reproductive diapause, each associated with drastic changes in metabolism and germline development. At the centre of these changes is AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a metabolic regulator that maintains energy homeostasis, particularly during times of nutrient stress. Without AMPK, metabolism is disrupted during dauer, leading to the rapid consumption of lipid stores as well as misregulation of metabolic enzymes, leading to reduced survival. During the L1 arrest and dauer diapause, AMPK is responsible for ensuring germline quiescence by modifying the germline chromatin landscape to maintain germ cell integrity until conditions improve. Similar to classic hormonal signalling, small RNAs also play a critical role in regulating development and behaviour in a cell non-autonomous fashion. Thus, during the challenges associated with developmental plasticity, AMPK summons an army of signalling pathways to work collectively to preserve reproductive fitness during these periods of unprecedented uncertainty.
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67
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Li P, Wang Z, Lam SM, Shui G. Rebaudioside A Enhances Resistance to Oxidative Stress and Extends Lifespan and Healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:262. [PMID: 33567712 PMCID: PMC7915623 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-nutritive sweeteners are widely used in food and medicines to reduce energy content without compromising flavor. Herein, we report that Rebaudioside A (Reb A), a natural, non-nutritive sweetener, can extend both the lifespan and healthspan of C. elegans. The beneficial effects of Reb A were principally mediated via reducing the level of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to oxidative stress and attenuating neutral lipid accumulation with aging. Transcriptomics analysis presented maximum differential expression of genes along the target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway, which was further confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR); while lipidomics uncovered concomitant reductions in the levels of phosphatidic acids (PAs), phosphatidylinositols (PIs) and lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) in worms treated with Reb A. Our results suggest that Reb A attenuates aging by acting as effective cellular antioxidants and also in lowering the ectopic accumulation of neutral lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (P.L.); (Z.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (P.L.); (Z.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (P.L.); (Z.W.)
- LipidALL Technologies Company Limited, Changzhou 213022, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (P.L.); (Z.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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68
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Qi Z, Ji H, Le M, Li H, Wieland A, Bauer S, Liu L, Wink M, Herr I. Sulforaphane promotes C. elegans longevity and healthspan via DAF-16/DAF-2 insulin/IGF-1 signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:1649-1670. [PMID: 33471780 PMCID: PMC7880325 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The broccoli-derived isothiocyanate sulforaphane inhibits inflammation, oxidative stress and cancer, but its effect on healthspan and longevity are unclear. We used the C. elegans nematode model and fed the wildtype and 9 mutant strains ±sulforaphane. The lifespan, phenotype, pharyngeal pumping, mobility, lipofuscin accumulation, and RNA and protein expression of the nematodes were assessed by using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, in vivo live imaging, fluorescence microscopy, and qRT-PCR. Sulforaphane increased the lifespan and promoted a health-related phenotype by increasing mobility, appetite and food intake and reducing lipofuscin accumulation. Mechanistically, sulforaphane inhibited DAF-2-mediated insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling and its downstream targets AGE-1, AKT-1/AKT-2. This was associated with increased nuclear translocation of the FOXO transcription factor homolog DAF-16. In turn, the target genes sod-3, mtl-1 and gst-4, known to enhance stress resistance and lifespan, were upregulated. These results indicate that sulforaphane prolongs the lifespan and healthspan of C. elegans through insulin/IGF-1 signaling. Our results provide the basis for a nutritional sulforaphane-enriched strategy for the promotion of healthy aging and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Qi
- Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Huihui Ji
- Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monika Le
- Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanmei Li
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Wieland
- Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonja Bauer
- Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Li Liu
- Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Herr
- Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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69
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Steroid hormones sulfatase inactivation extends lifespan and ameliorates age-related diseases. Nat Commun 2021; 12:49. [PMID: 33397961 PMCID: PMC7782729 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging and fertility are two interconnected processes. From invertebrates to mammals, absence of the germline increases longevity. Here we show that loss of function of sul-2, the Caenorhabditis elegans steroid sulfatase (STS), raises the pool of sulfated steroid hormones, increases longevity and ameliorates protein aggregation diseases. This increased longevity requires factors involved in germline-mediated longevity (daf-16, daf-12, kri-1, tcer-1 and daf-36 genes) although sul-2 mutations do not affect fertility. Interestingly, sul-2 is only expressed in sensory neurons, suggesting a regulation of sulfated hormones state by environmental cues. Treatment with the specific STS inhibitor STX64, as well as with testosterone-derived sulfated hormones reproduces the longevity phenotype of sul-2 mutants. Remarkably, those treatments ameliorate protein aggregation diseases in C. elegans, and STX64 also Alzheimer’s disease in a mammalian model. These results open the possibility of reallocating steroid sulfatase inhibitors or derivates for the treatment of aging and aging related diseases. Sul-2 is a steroid sulfatase in c.elegans. Here the authors show that, in the absence of sul-2 enzymatic activity, worm lifespan is increased, and that chemical inhibition ameliorates symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders in worms and mice.
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70
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BRAF Controls the Effects of Metformin on Neuroblast Cell Divisions in C. elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010178. [PMID: 33375360 PMCID: PMC7795703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin has demonstrated substantial potential for use in cancer treatments. Liver kinase B (LKB)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mTOR are reported to be the main targets of metformin in relation to its ability to prevent cancer cell proliferation. However, the role of metformin in the control of neoplastic cancer cell growth is possibly independent of LKB-AMPK and mTOR. Using C. elegans as a model, we found that the neuronal Q-cell divisions in L1-arrested worms were suppressed following metformin treatment in AMPK-deficient mutants, suggesting that the mechanism by which metformin suppresses these cell divisions is independent of AMPK. Our results showed that the mTOR pathway indeed played a role in controlling germ cell proliferation, but it was not involved in the neuronal Q-cell divisions occurring in L1-arrested worms. We found that the neuronal Q-cells divisions were held at G1/S cell stage by metformin in vivo. Additionally, we demonstrated that metformin could reduce the phosphorylation activity of BRAF and block the BRAF-MAPK oncogenesis pathway to regulate neuronal Q-cell divisions during L1 arrest. This work discloses a new mechanism by which metformin treatment acts to promote neuronal cancer prevention, and these results will help promote the study of the anticancer mechanisms underlying metformin treatments.
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71
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Phu HT, Thuan DTB, Nguyen THD, Posadino AM, Eid AH, Pintus G. Herbal Medicine for Slowing Aging and Aging-associated Conditions: Efficacy, Mechanisms and Safety. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 18:369-393. [PMID: 31418664 DOI: 10.2174/1570161117666190715121939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging and aging-associated diseases are issues with unsatisfactory answers in the medical field. Aging causes important physical changes which, even in the absence of the usual risk factors, render the cardiovascular system prone to some diseases. Although aging cannot be prevented, slowing down the rate of aging is entirely possible to achieve. In some traditional medicine, medicinal herbs such as Ginseng, Radix Astragali, Ganoderma lucidum, Ginkgo biloba, and Gynostemma pentaphyllum are recognized by the "nourishing of life" and their role as anti-aging phytotherapeutics is increasingly gaining attention. By mainly employing PubMed here we identify and critically analysed 30 years of published studies focusing on the above herbs' active components against aging and aging-associated conditions. Although many plant-based compounds appear to exert an anti-aging effect, the most effective resulted in being flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and polysaccharides, which include astragaloside, ginkgolide, ginsenoside, and gypenoside specifically covered in this review. Their effects as antiaging factors, improvers of cognitive impairments, and reducers of cardiovascular risks are described, as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying the above-mentioned effects along with their potential safety. Telomere and telomerase, PPAR-α, GLUTs, FOXO1, caspase-3, bcl-2, along with SIRT1/AMPK, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, and insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 pathways appear to be their preferential targets. Moreover, their ability to work as antioxidants and to improve the resistance to DNA damage is also discussed. Although our literature review indicates that these traditional herbal medicines are safe, tolerable, and free of toxic effects, additional well-designed, large-scale randomized control trials need to be performed to evaluate short- and long-term effects and efficacy of these medicinal herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa T Phu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Duong T B Thuan
- Department of Biochemistry, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Thi H D Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Anna M Posadino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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72
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Jabeen A, Parween N, Sayrav K, Prasad B. Date (Phoenix dactylifera) seed and syringic acid exhibits antioxidative effect and lifespan extending properties in Caenorhabditis elegans. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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73
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Mallick A, Ranawade A, van den Berg W, Gupta BP. Axin-Mediated Regulation of Lifespan and Muscle Health in C. elegans Requires AMPK-FOXO Signaling. iScience 2020; 23:101843. [PMID: 33319173 PMCID: PMC7724191 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a significant risk factor for several diseases. Studies have uncovered multiple signaling pathways that modulate aging, including insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling (IIS). In Caenorhabditis elegans, the key regulator of IIS is DAF-16/FOXO. One of the kinases that affects DAF-16 function is the AMPK catalytic subunit homolog AAK-2. In this study, we report that PRY-1/Axin plays an essential role in AAK-2 and DAF-16-mediated regulation of life span. The pry-1 mutant transcriptome contains many genes associated with aging and muscle function. Consistent with this, pry-1 is strongly expressed in muscles, and muscle-specific overexpression of pry-1 extends life span, delays muscle aging, and improves mitochondrial morphology in AAK-2-DAF-16-dependent manner. Furthermore, PRY-1 is necessary for AAK-2 phosphorylation. Taken together, our data demonstrate that PRY-1 functions in muscles to promote the life span of animals. This study establishes Axin as a major regulator of muscle health and aging. pry-1 transcriptome contains genes linked to aging and muscle function pry-1 functions in muscles to maintain life span and mitochondrial network Muscle-specific overexpression of pry-1 extends life span and promotes muscle health PRY-1-mediated life span extension depends on AAK-2-DAF-16 signaling
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Mallick
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S-4K1, Canada
| | - Ayush Ranawade
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S-4K1, Canada
| | | | - Bhagwati P Gupta
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S-4K1, Canada
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74
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Pignatti C, D’Adamo S, Stefanelli C, Flamigni F, Cetrullo S. Nutrients and Pathways that Regulate Health Span and Life Span. Geriatrics (Basel) 2020; 5:geriatrics5040095. [PMID: 33228041 PMCID: PMC7709628 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics5040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both life span and health span are influenced by genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. With the genetic influence on human life span estimated to be about 20–25%, epigenetic changes play an important role in modulating individual health status and aging. Thus, a main part of life expectance and healthy aging is determined by dietary habits and nutritional factors. Excessive or restricted food consumption have direct effects on health status. Moreover, some dietary interventions including a reduced intake of dietary calories without malnutrition, or a restriction of specific dietary component may promote health benefits and decrease the incidence of aging-related comorbidities, thus representing intriguing potential approaches to improve healthy aging. However, the relationship between nutrition, health and aging is still not fully understood as well as the mechanisms by which nutrients and nutritional status may affect health span and longevity in model organisms. The broad effect of different nutritional conditions on health span and longevity occurs through multiple mechanisms that involve evolutionary conserved nutrient-sensing pathways in tissues and organs. These pathways interacting each other include the evolutionary conserved key regulators mammalian target of rapamycin, AMP-activated protein kinase, insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 pathway and sirtuins. In this review we provide a summary of the main molecular mechanisms by which different nutritional conditions, i.e., specific nutrient abundance or restriction, may affect health span and life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pignatti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (C.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Stefania D’Adamo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Stefanelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Flavio Flamigni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (C.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Silvia Cetrullo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (C.P.); (F.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-209-1241
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75
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Ye Y, Gu Q, Sun X. Potential of Caenorhabditis elegans as an antiaging evaluation model for dietary phytochemicals: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:3084-3105. [PMID: 33337057 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable process characterized by the accumulation of degenerative damage, leading to serious diseases that affect human health. Studies on aging aim to develop pre-protection or therapies to delay aging and age-related diseases. A preventive approach is preferable to clinical treatment not only to reduce investment but also to alleviate pain in patients. Adjusting daily diet habits to improve the aging condition is a potentially attractive strategy. Fruits and vegetables containing active compounds that can effectively delay the aging process and reduce or inhibit age-related degenerative diseases have been identified. The signaling pathways related to aging in Caenorhabditis elegans are evolutionarily conserved; thus, studying antiaging components by intervening senescence process may contribute to the prevention and treatment of age-related diseases in humans. This review focuses on the effects of food-derived extracts or purified substance on antiaging in nematodes, as well as the underlying mechanisms, on the basis of several major signaling pathways and key regulatory factors in aging. The aim is to provide references for a healthy diet guidance and the development of antiaging nutritional supplements. Finally, challenges in the use of C. elegans as the antiaging evaluation model are discussed, together with the development that potentially inspire novel strategies and research tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qingyin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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76
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Guo T, Cheng L, Zhao H, Liu Y, Yang Y, Liu J, Wu Q. The C. elegans miR-235 regulates the toxicity of graphene oxide via targeting the nuclear hormone receptor DAF-12 in the intestine. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16933. [PMID: 33037257 PMCID: PMC7547681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73712-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased application of graphene oxide (GO), a new carbon-based engineered nanomaterial, has generated a potential toxicity in humans and the environment. Previous studies have identified some dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs), such as up-regulated mir-235, in organisms exposed to GO. However, the detailed mechanisms of the dysregulation of miRNA underlying GO toxicity are still largely elusive. In this study, we employed Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo model to investigate the biological function and molecular basis of mir-235 in the regulation of GO toxicity. After low concentration GO exposure, mir-235 (n4504) mutant nematodes were sensitive to GO toxicity, implying that mir-235 mediates a protection mechanism against GO toxicity. Tissue-specific assays suggested that mir-235 expressed in intestine is required for suppressing the GO toxicity in C. elegans. daf-12, a gene encoding a member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily, acts as a target gene of mir-235 in the nematode intestine in response to GO treatment, and RNAi knockdown of daf-12 suppressed the sensitivity of mir-235(n4503) to GO toxicity. Further genetic analysis showed that DAF-12 acted in the upstream of DAF-16 in insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway and PMK-1 in p38 MAPK signaling pathway in parallel to regulate GO toxicity. Altogether, our results revealed that mir-235 may activate a protective mechanism against GO toxicity by suppressing the DAF-12-DAF-16 and DAF-12-PMK-1 signaling cascade in nematodes, which provides an important molecular basis for the in vivo toxicity of GO at the miRNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Guo
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunhan Yang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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77
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Is metformin a geroprotector? A peek into the current clinical and experimental data. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 191:111350. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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78
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Wan QL, Meng X, Fu X, Chen B, Yang J, Yang H, Zhou Q. Intermediate metabolites of the pyrimidine metabolism pathway extend the lifespan of C. elegans through regulating reproductive signals. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3993-4010. [PMID: 31232697 PMCID: PMC6629003 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The pyrimidine metabolism pathway has important biological functions; it not only maintains appropriate pyrimidine pools but also produces bioactive intermediate metabolites. In a previous study, we identified that the pyrimidine metabolism pathway is associated with aging regulation. However, the molecular mechanism by which the pyrimidine metabolism pathway regulates aging remains unclear. Here, we investigated the longevity effect of pyrimidine intermediates on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our results demonstrated that the supplementation of some pyrimidine intermediates could extend the lifespan of C. elegans. In addition, the RNAi knockdown of essential enzymes involved in pyrimidine metabolism could also significantly affect lifespan. We further investigated the molecular mechanism by which a representative intermediate metabolite, thymine, extends the lifespan of worms and found that thymine-induced longevity required the nuclear receptors DAF-12 and NHR-49, and the transcription factor DAF-16/FOXO. Further pathway analysis revealed that the longevity effect of thymine depended on the inhibition of reproductive signals. Additionally, we found that other pyrimidine intermediates functioned in a manner similar to thymine to prolong lifespan in C. elegans. Taken together, our results revealed that pyrimidine intermediates increased lifespan by inhibiting reproductive signals and subsequently inducing the function of DAF-12, NHR-49 and DAF-16 in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Li Wan
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaodie Fu
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bohui Chen
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jing Yang
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hengwen Yang
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- The Center for Precision Medicine of First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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79
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Martel J, Wu CY, Peng HH, Ko YF, Yang HC, Young JD, Ojcius DM. Plant and fungal products that extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2020; 7:255-269. [PMID: 33015140 PMCID: PMC7517010 DOI: 10.15698/mic2020.10.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a useful model to study aging due to its short lifespan, ease of manipulation, and available genetic tools. Several molecules and extracts derived from plants and fungi extend the lifespan of C. elegans by modulating aging-related pathways that are conserved in more complex organisms. Modulation of aging pathways leads to activation of autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis and expression of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes in a manner similar to caloric restriction. Low and moderate concentrations of plant and fungal molecules usually extend lifespan, while high concentrations are detrimental, consistent with a lifespan-modulating mechanism involving hormesis. We review here molecules and extracts derived from plants and fungi that extend the lifespan of C. elegans, and explore the possibility that these natural substances may produce health benefits in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martel
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yeu Wu
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsin Peng
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Fei Ko
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - John D. Young
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David M. Ojcius
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
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80
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Sub-nanowatt resolution direct calorimetry for probing real-time metabolic activity of individual C. elegans worms. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2983. [PMID: 32532993 PMCID: PMC7293274 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16690-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Calorimetry has been widely used in metabolic studies, but direct measurements from individual small biological model organisms such as C. elegans or isolated single cells have been limited by poor sensitivity of existing techniques and difficulties in resolving very small heat outputs. Here, by careful thermal engineering, we developed a robust, highly sensitive and bio-compatible calorimetric platform that features a resolution of ~270 pW—more than a 500-fold improvement over the most sensitive calorimeter previously used for measuring the metabolic heat output of C. elegans. Using this calorimeter, we demonstrate time-resolved metabolic measurements of single C. elegans worms from larval to adult stages. Further, we show that the metabolic output is significantly lower in long-lived C. elegans daf-2 mutants. These demonstrations clearly highlight the broad potential of this tool for studying the role of metabolism in disease, development and aging of small model organisms and single cells. Calorimetry is widely used for metabolic studies, but measurements of single cells and small organisms are limited by the sensitivity of current techniques. Here the authors develop a sensitive platform for performing time-resolved metabolic measurements of single C. elegans worms from larval to adult stages.
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81
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DAF-16 and SMK-1 Contribute to Innate Immunity During Adulthood in Caenorhabditis elegans. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:1521-1539. [PMID: 32161087 PMCID: PMC7202018 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by a progressive decline in immune function termed "immunosenescence". Deficient surveillance coupled with the impaired function of immune cells compromises host defense in older animals. The dynamic activity of regulatory modules that control immunity appears to underlie age-dependent modifications to the immune system. In the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans levels of PMK-1 p38 MAP kinase diminish over time, reducing the expression of immune effectors that clear bacterial pathogens. Along with the PMK-1 pathway, innate immunity in C. elegans is regulated by the insulin signaling pathway. Here we asked whether DAF-16, a Forkhead box (FOXO) transcription factor whose activity is inhibited by insulin signaling, plays a role in host defense later in life. While in younger C. elegans DAF-16 is inactive unless stimulated by environmental insults, we found that even in the absence of acute stress the transcriptional activity of DAF-16 increases in an age-dependent manner. Beginning in the reproductive phase of adulthood, DAF-16 upregulates a subset of its transcriptional targets, including genes required to kill ingested microbes. Accordingly, DAF-16 has little to no role in larval immunity, but functions specifically during adulthood to confer resistance to bacterial pathogens. We found that DAF-16-mediated immunity in adults requires SMK-1, a regulatory subunit of the PP4 protein phosphatase complex. Our data suggest that as the function of one branch of the innate immune system of C. elegans (PMK-1) declines over time, DAF-16-mediated immunity ramps up to become the predominant means of protecting adults from infection, thus reconfiguring immunity later in life.
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82
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Wang XX, Geng SL, Zhang XS, Xu WH. P-S6K is associated with insect diapause via the ROS/AKT/ S6K/CREB/HIF-1 pathway in the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 120:103262. [PMID: 32088323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Diapause is a complex physiological response that allows insects to survive unfavorable environmental conditions, and many signaling pathways participate in regulating this process. However, little is known about TOR signaling in the regulation of diapause. In this study, we found that the TOR pathway-related proteins TOR and Raptor are expressed at low levels in the brains of diapause-destined pupae of Helicoverpa armigera, consistent with a previous report that TOR signaling is associated with development. Interestingly, another TOR signaling-related protein, p-S6K, was increased in the brains of diapause-destined pupae. Our results showed that p-S6K in the brains of diapause-destined pupae can respond to the upstream signals reactive oxygen species (ROS) and AKT and that S6K activates the level of CREB, which binds to the HIF-1α promoter and increases its expression. Previous study has shown that HIF-1α levels elevated by ROS in the brains of diapause-destined pupae cause low mitochondrial activity for insect diapause. Thus, p-S6K in response to ROS/AKT regulates HIF-1α via activating transcription factor CREB for diapause initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shao-Lei Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wei-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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83
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Wong SQ, Kumar AV, Mills J, Lapierre LR. C. elegans to model autophagy-related human disorders. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 172:325-373. [PMID: 32620247 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved degradation process that clears damaged intracellular macromolecules and organelles in order to maintain cellular health. Dysfunctional autophagy is fundamentally linked to the development of various human disorders and pathologies. The use of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system to study autophagy has improved our understanding of its regulation and function in organismal physiology. Here, we review the genetic, functional, and regulatory conservation of the autophagy pathway in C. elegans and we describe tools to quantify and study the autophagy process in this incredibly useful model organism. We further discuss how these nematodes have been modified to model autophagy-related human diseases and underscore the important insights obtained from such models. Altogether, we highlight the strengths of C. elegans as an exceptional tool to understand the genetic and molecular foundations underlying autophagy-related human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Quan Wong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Anita V Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Joslyn Mills
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Louis R Lapierre
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
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84
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Liu W, Lin H, Mao Z, Zhang L, Bao K, Jiang B, Xia C, Li W, Hu Z, Li J. Verapamil extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans by inhibiting calcineurin activity and promoting autophagy. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:5300-5317. [PMID: 32208362 PMCID: PMC7138547 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous evidence has revealed that increase in intracellular levels of calcium promotes cellular senescence. However, whether calcium channel blockers (CCBs) can slow aging and extend lifespan is still unknown. In this study, we showed that verapamil, an L-type calcium channel blocker, extended the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) lifespan and delayed senescence in human lung fibroblasts. Verapamil treatment also improved healthspan in C. elegans as reflected by several age-related physiological parameters, including locomotion, thrashing, age-associated vulval integrity, and osmotic stress resistance. We also found that verapamil acted on the α1 subunit of an L-type calcium channel in C. elegans. Moreover, verapamil extended worm lifespan by inhibiting calcineurin activity. Furthermore, verapamil significantly promoted autophagy as reflected by the expression levels of LGG-1/LC3 and the mRNA levels of autophagy-related genes. In addition, verapamil could not further induce autophagy when tax-6, calcineurin gene, was knocked down, indicating that verapamil-induced lifespan extension is mediated via promoting autophagy processes downstream of calcineurin. In summary, our study provided mechanistic insights into the anti-aging effect of verapamil in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lanxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Keting Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Conglong Xia
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zelan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, Dali, China
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85
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Wan QL, Fu X, Dai W, Yang J, Luo Z, Meng X, Liu X, Zhong R, Yang H, Zhou Q. Uric acid induces stress resistance and extends the life span through activating the stress response factor DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/NRF2. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:2840-2856. [PMID: 32074508 PMCID: PMC7041755 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid is a common metabolite found in mammals’ serum. Recently, several metabolites have been identified that modulate aging, and uric acid levels are positively correlated with mammals’ lifespan. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this are largely undefined. Here we show that uric acid, an end product of purine metabolism, enhances the resistance of oxidative stress and extends the life span of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). We show that uric acid enhances a variety of pathways and leads to the upregulation of genes that are required for uric acid-mediated life span extension. We find that the transcription factors DAF-16/FOXO, SKN-1/NRF2 and HSF-1 contribute to the beneficial longevity conferred by uric acid. We also show that uric acid induced life span extension by regulating the reproductive signaling and insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathways. In addition, we find that mitochondrial function plays an important role in uric acid-mediated life span extension. Taken together, these data suggest that uric acid prolongs the life span of C. elegans, in part, because of its antioxidative activity, which in turn regulates the IIS and the reproductive signaling pathways, thereby activating the function of the transcription factors DAF-16, HSF-1 and SKN-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Li Wan
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodie Fu
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyu Dai
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhuan Luo
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Six Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 511518, Qingyuan, China
| | - Ruowei Zhong
- Internship Program, The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangdong, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengwen Yang
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, Guangzhou, China
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86
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López-García G, Cilla A, Barberá R, Genovés S, Martorell P, Alegría A. Effect of plant sterol and galactooligosaccharides enriched beverages on oxidative stress and longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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87
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Jin J, Zhao M, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Wan F, Guo J. Induced Thermotolerance and Expression of Three Key Hsp Genes ( Hsp70, Hsp21, and sHsp21) and Their Roles in the High Temperature Tolerance of Agasicles hygrophila. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1593. [PMID: 31992993 PMCID: PMC6971057 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal adaptation plays a fundamental role in the expansion and distribution of insects, and heat shock proteins (Hsps) play important roles in the temperature adaptation of various organisms. To determine the roles of Hsp genes (Hsp70, Hsp21, and sHsp21) on the high temperature tolerance of Agasicles hygrophila, we obtained complete cDNA (complementary DNA) sequences for Hsp70, Hsp21, and sHsp21 by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), analyzed their expression profiles under different high temperature treatments by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and performed functional verification by RNA interference (RNAi). The open reading frames of Hsp70, Hsp21, and sHsp21 were 1940, 543, and 567 bp, encoding 650, 180, and 188 amino acids, respectively. Their molecular weights (MWs) were 71.757, 20.879, and 21.510 kDa, and the isoelectric points were 5.63, 6.45, and 6.24, respectively. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the Hsp70, Hsp21, and sHsp21 genes of A. hygrophila were relatively conserved in evolution. The Hsp70 and Hsp21 genes in A. hygrophila were homologous to those in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (87 and 79% similarity, respectively), and the sHsp21 gene in A. hygrophila was homologous to that in Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (74% similarity). The amino acid polypeptide chain had highly conserved sequences of DLGGGTFD, VLVGGSTR, and GPTIEEVD. The sequence of EEVD was the characteristic motif of cytoplasmic Hsp70, and the highly conserved sequences of MALFR and MSLLP were characteristic sequences of Hsp2 and sHsp21, respectively. Relative quantitative real time PCR showed that the three Hsps could be induced by 4-h treatment at high temperatures. Significant upregulation of these Hsps was observed when the temperature was further increased. The RNAi results showed that the injection of the three Hsps' dsRNA could suppress the expression at the gene level significantly. Compared with the control group, high temperature heat shock reduced the fecundity of A. hygrophila significantly, and the fecundity decreased with the increase in temperature. Our results suggest that Hsp70, Hsp21, and sHsp21 might play key roles in high temperature adaptation of A. hygrophila and help improve our understanding of their mechanism of thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Meiting Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongshi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - FangHao Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianying Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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88
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Yuan Y, Kang N, Li Q, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Tan P. Study of the Effect of Neutral Polysaccharides from Rehmannia glutinosa on Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Molecules 2019; 24:E4592. [PMID: 31847478 PMCID: PMC6943622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The problem of an aging society is becoming increasingly acute. Diseases related to aging also come with it. There are some diseases that people can't treat fundamentally. Therefore, people try to find a natural ingredient from natural medicine to treat these diseases and improve the quality of life of the elderly. With the screening of a large number of traditional Chinese medicines, we found that polysaccharides from Rehmannia glutinous (PRG) can prolong the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Neutral polysaccharide is the main component of PRG. In the present study, we used a C. elegans model to illustrate the stress resistance and lifespan extension effect and mechanism of two kinds of neutral polysaccharide fractions from Rehmannia glutinosa (NPRG), respectively called NPRRP and NPRR. Our data showed that two kinds of neutral polysaccharides fractions could extend the lifespan and delay senescence of wild-type worms. Moreover, the mechanism study revealed that NPRG was able to promote the nuclear localization of DAF-16 resulting in the activation of antioxidant enzymatic systems under oxidative stress. We also observed that NPRG didn't increase the lifespan of mutants with daf-16 portion loss of function, suggesting NPRG prolonging the lifespan partially required the daf-16 gene on the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway (IIS). NPRG was found to have no effect on Escherichia coli OP50 (E.coli OP50) growth and pharyngeal pump movement of nematodes, indicating that the anti‑aging effect of NPRG is not realized by the caloric restriction. However, mRNA levels of daf-2 were remarkably decreased after NPRG treatment. Thus daf-2 lost its inhibitory effect on the expression of daf-16 and had a continuous stimulation effect on the IIS, then prolonged the life of nematodes. Overall, our results illustrated the potential utilization of NPRG as a functional pharmaceutical ingredient to increase stress resistance and extend the life of C. elegans via the IIS, which could be developed as a natural supplement agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Peng Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; (Y.Y.); (N.K.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
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89
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Hubbard EJA, Schedl T. Biology of the Caenorhabditis elegans Germline Stem Cell System. Genetics 2019; 213:1145-1188. [PMID: 31796552 PMCID: PMC6893382 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.300238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell systems regulate tissue development and maintenance. The germline stem cell system is essential for animal reproduction, controlling both the timing and number of progeny through its influence on gamete production. In this review, we first draw general comparisons to stem cell systems in other organisms, and then present our current understanding of the germline stem cell system in Caenorhabditis elegans In contrast to stereotypic somatic development and cell number stasis of adult somatic cells in C. elegans, the germline stem cell system has a variable division pattern, and the system differs between larval development, early adult peak reproduction and age-related decline. We discuss the cell and developmental biology of the stem cell system and the Notch regulated genetic network that controls the key decision between the stem cell fate and meiotic development, as it occurs under optimal laboratory conditions in adult and larval stages. We then discuss alterations of the stem cell system in response to environmental perturbations and aging. A recurring distinction is between processes that control stem cell fate and those that control cell cycle regulation. C. elegans is a powerful model for understanding germline stem cells and stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jane Albert Hubbard
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016
| | - Tim Schedl
- and Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
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90
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Exploring Target Genes Involved in the Effect of Quercetin on the Response to Oxidative Stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120585. [PMID: 31775265 PMCID: PMC6943653 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is one the most abundant flavonoids in the human diet. Although it is well known that quercetin exhibits a range of biological activities, the mechanisms behind these activities remain unresolved. The aim of this work is to progress in the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in the biological effects of quercetin using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism. With this aim, the nematode has been used to explore the ability of this flavonoid to modulate the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) signaling pathway (IIS) and the expression of some genes related to stress response. Different methodological approaches have been used, i.e., assays in knockout mutant worms, gene expression assessment by RT-qPCR, and C. elegans transgenic strains expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporters. The results showed that the improvement of the oxidative stress resistance of C. elegans induced by quercetin could be explained, at least in part, by the modulation of the insulin signaling pathway, involving genes age-1, akt-1, akt-2, daf-18, sgk-1, daf-2, and skn-1. However, this effect could be independent of the transcription factors DAF-16 and HSF-1 that regulate this pathway. Moreover, quercetin was also able to increase expression of hsp-16.2 in aged worms. This observation could be of particular interest to explain the effects of enhanced lifespan and greater resistance to stress induced by quercetin in C. elegans, since the expression of many heat shock proteins diminishes in aging worms.
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91
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Shintani T, Sakoguchi H, Yoshihara A, Izumori K, Sato M. D-Allose, a Stereoisomer of D-Glucose, Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via Sirtuin and Insulin Signaling. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2019; 66:139-142. [PMID: 34429692 PMCID: PMC8367639 DOI: 10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2019_0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
D-Allose (D-All), C-3 epimer of D-glucose, is a rare sugar known to suppress reactive oxygen species generation and prevent hypertension. We previously reported that D-allulose, a structural isomer of D-All, prolongs the lifespan of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Thus, D-All was predicted to affect longevity. In this study, we provide the first empirical evidence that D-All extends the lifespan of C. elegans. Lifespan assays revealed that a lifespan extension was induced by 28 mM D-All. In particular, a lifespan extension of 23.8 % was achieved (p < 0.0001). We further revealed that the effects of D-All on lifespan were dependent on the insulin gene daf-16 and the longevity gene sir-2.1, indicating a distinct mechanism from those of other hexoses, such as D-allulose, with previously reported antiaging effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Shintani
- 1 United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Ehime University
| | - Hirofumi Sakoguchi
- 2 Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University
| | - Akihide Yoshihara
- 3 International Institute of Rare Sugar Research and Education, Kagawa University
| | - Ken Izumori
- 3 International Institute of Rare Sugar Research and Education, Kagawa University
| | - Masashi Sato
- 2 Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University
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92
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Brandhorst S, Longo VD. Protein Quantity and Source, Fasting-Mimicking Diets, and Longevity. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:S340-S350. [PMID: 31728501 PMCID: PMC6855936 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary modifications, including caloric restriction, dietary restriction, various intervals of fasting, and even limiting the time when food is consumed can have a pronounced impact on longevity. In addition, dietary modifications are powerful interventions to delay, prevent, or treat many aging-related diseases such as cancer and diabetes. Restricting amino acid and protein intake generally decreases aging-related comorbidities and thereby increases health and longevity. However, chronic dietary interventions are likely not feasible for most people due to low adherence to dietary protocols or resistance to drastic changes to lifestyle, and might even cause detrimental effects, possibly by negatively affecting the immune system and wound healing. The periodic use of low-protein, low-calorie fasting-mimicking diets (FMDs) has the potential to promote health benefits, while minimizing the burden of chronic restriction. Protein restriction and FMDs together have the potential to play an important complementary role in medicine by promoting disease prevention and treatment, and by delaying the aging process at least in part by stimulating stem cell-based regeneration in periods of normal food intake after periodic FMD cycles. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize research on the impact of protein restriction on health and longevity in model organisms and to discuss the implementation of an FMD in mice and in human clinical trials and its effects on biomarkers of healthy aging. Taking into account the importance of sex on aging and diet, we include this information in all discussed studies. Whereas for some model organisms of aging, such as rodents, many studies are available, results are more limited for primates and/or humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brandhorst
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Valter D Longo
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Italian Foundation for Cancer Research Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy,Address correspondence to VDL (e-mail: )
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93
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Ekmekcioglu C. Nutrition and longevity – From mechanisms to uncertainties. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:3063-3082. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1676698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cem Ekmekcioglu
- Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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94
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Machado ML, Arantes LP, da Silveira TL, Zamberlan DC, Cordeiro LM, Obetine FBB, da Silva AF, da Cruz IBM, Soares FAA, Oliveira RDP. Ilex paraguariensis extract provides increased resistance against oxidative stress and protection against Amyloid beta-induced toxicity compared to caffeine in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 24:697-709. [PMID: 31595831 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1671694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ilex paraguariensis is a plant from South America, used to prepare a tea-like beverage rich in caffeine and polyphenols with antioxidant proprieties. Caffeine consumption is associated with a lower risk of age-associated neuropathologies, besides several extracts that have antioxidant proprieties are known to be neuroprotective, and oxidative stress strongly correlates with Aβ-toxicity. This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effects of the Ilex paraguariensis hydroalcoholic extract (IPHE) and to evaluate if caffeine agent present in IPHE exerts neuroprotective effects in an amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ)-induced toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. The wild-type and CL2006 worms were treated with IPHE (2 and 4 mg/mL) or caffeine (200 and 400 μM) since larval stage 1 (L1) until they achieved the required age for each assay. IPHE and caffeine increased the lifespan and appeared to act directly by reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger in both wild-type and CL2006 worms, also conferred resistance against oxidative stress in wild-type animals. Furthermore, both treatments delayed Aβ-induced paralysis and decreased AChE activity in CL2006. The protective effect of IPHE against Aβ-induced paralysis was found to be dependent on heat shock factor hsf-1 and FOXO-family transcription factor daf-16, which are respectively involved in aging-related processes and chaperone synthesis, while that of caffeine was dependent only on daf-16. Mechanistically, IPHE and caffeine decreased the levels of Aβ mRNA in the CL2006 worms; however, only IPHE induced expression of the heat shock chaperonin hsp-16.2, involved in protein homeostasis. The results were overall better when treated with IPHE than with caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Lopes Machado
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Leticia Priscilla Arantes
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Tássia Limana da Silveira
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Daniele Coradini Zamberlan
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Larissa Marafiga Cordeiro
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Baptista Bicca Obetine
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Aline Franzen da Silva
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Felix Alexandre Antunes Soares
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Riva de Paula Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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95
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Wen Bin Goh W, Thalappilly S, Thibault G. Moving beyond the current limits of data analysis in longevity and healthy lifespan studies. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:2273-2285. [PMID: 31499187 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Living longer with sustainable quality of life is becoming increasingly important in aging populations. Understanding associative biological mechanisms have proven daunting, because of multigenicity and population heterogeneity. Although Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) could help, naïve adoption is ill advised. We hold the view that model organisms are better suited for big-data analytics but might lack relevance because they do not immediately reflect the human condition. Resolving this hurdle and bridging the human-model organism gap will require some finesse. This includes improving signal:noise ratios by appropriate contextualization of high-throughput data, establishing consistency across multiple high-throughput platforms, and adopting supporting technologies that provide useful in silico and in vivo validation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Wen Bin Goh
- Bio-Data Science and Education Research Group, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore.
| | - Subhash Thalappilly
- Lipid Regulation and Cell Stress Research Group, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore
| | - Guillaume Thibault
- Lipid Regulation and Cell Stress Research Group, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, 138673, Singapore.
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96
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Kong Y, Liu H, Li W, Wang D. Intestine-specific activity of insulin signaling pathway in response to microgravity stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:278-284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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97
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Johnson AA. Lipid Hydrolase Enzymes: Pragmatic Prolongevity Targets for Improved Human Healthspan? Rejuvenation Res 2019; 23:107-121. [PMID: 31426688 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2019.2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence suggests that lipid metabolism, which plays critical roles in fat storage, cell membrane maintenance, and cell signaling, is intricately linked to aging. Lipid hydrolases are important enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of more complex lipids into simpler lipids. Diverse interventions targeting lipid hydrolases can prolong or shorten life in model organisms. For example, the genetic removal of or RNAi knockdown against a phospholipase can reduce lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and Mus musculus. The removal of lysosomal acid lipase results in premature death in mice, while its overexpression in nematodes generates lean, long-lived individuals. The overexpression or inhibition of diacylglycerol lipase leads to enhanced or reduced longevity, respectively, in both worms and flies. Lifespan can also be extended by knocking down triacylglycerol lipases in yeast, overexpressing fatty acid amide hydrolase in worms, or removing hepatic lipase in a mouse model of coronary disease. Conversely, flies lacking the triacylglycerol lipase Brummer are obese and short lived. Linking sphingolipids and aging, removing the sphingomyelinase inositol phosphosphingolipid phospholipase shortens chronological lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, while inhibiting an acid sphingomyelinase in worms or inactivating alkaline ceramidase in flies extends lifespan. The clinical potential of manipulating these enzymes is highlighted by the FDA-approved obesity drug orlistat, which is an inhibitor of pancreatic and hepatic lipases that induces weight loss and improves insulin/glucose homeostasis. Additional research is warranted to better understand how these lipid hydrolases impact aging and to determine if clinical interventions targeting them are capable of improving human healthspan.
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98
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Muid KA, Kimyon Ö, Reza SH, Karakaya HC, Koc A. Characterization of long living yeast deletion mutants that lack mitochondrial metabolism genes DSS1, PPA2 and AFG3. Gene 2019; 706:172-180. [PMID: 31082499 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms of aging and longevity are still mostly unknown. Mitochondria play central roles in cellular metabolism and aging. In this study, we identified three deletion mutants of mitochondrial metabolism genes (ppa2∆, dss1∆, and afg3∆) that live longer than wild-type cells. These long-lived cells harbored significantly decreased amount of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compared to the serpentine nature of wild-type mitochondria, a different dynamics and distribution pattern of mitochondria were observed in the mutants. Both young and old long-lived cells produced relatively low but adequate levels of ATP for cellular activities. The status of the retrograde signaling was checked by expression of CIT2 gene and found activated in long-lived mutants. The mutant cells were also profiled for their gene expression patterns, and genes that were differentially regulated were determined. All long-lived cells comprised similar pleiotropic phenotype regarding mitochondrial dynamics and functions. Thus, this study suggests that DSS1, PPA2, and AFG3 genes modulate the lifespan by altering the mitochondrial morphology and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Muid
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 35430 Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Önder Kimyon
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 35430 Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Shahadat Hasan Reza
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 35430 Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Caglar Karakaya
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 35430 Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Koc
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 35430 Urla, Izmir, Turkey; Inonu University, Medical School, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Battalgazi, Malatya, Turkey.
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99
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Prasanth MI, Venkatesh D, Murali D, Bhaskar JP, Krishnan V, Balamurugan K. Understanding the role of DAF-16 mediated pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans during UV-A mediated photoaging process. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 82:279-285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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100
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Chen H, Wang C, Li H, Ma R, Yu Z, Li L, Xiang M, Chen X, Hua X, Yu Y. A review of toxicity induced by persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 237:519-525. [PMID: 30825784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) are almost ubiquitous in synthetic and natural sources; however these contaminants adversely impact ecosystems and humans. Owing to their potential toxicity, concerns have been raised about the effects of POPs and EDCs on ecological and human health. Therefore, toxicity evaluation and mechanisms actions of these contaminants are of great interest. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), an excellent model animal for environmental toxicology research, has been used widely for toxicity studies of POPs or EDCs from the whole-animal level to the single-cell level. In this review, we have discussed the toxicity of specific POPs or EDCs after acute, chronic, and multigenerational exposure in C. elegans. We have also introduced a discussion of the toxicological mechanisms of these compounds in C. elegans, with respect to oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway. Finally, we raised considered the perspectives and challenges of the toxicity assessments, multigenerational toxicity, and toxicological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
| | - Ruixue Ma
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Ziling Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Liangzhong Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Mingdeng Xiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xichao Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xin Hua
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
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