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Wang ZC, Wang ZZ, Ma HJ, Wang CC, Wang HT. Attenuation of the hypoxia-induced miR-34a protects cardiomyocytes through maintenance of glucose metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 498:375-381. [PMID: 28709867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic injury in the heart is associated with death of cardiomyocytes and even after decades of research there is no appropriate therapeutic intervention to treat ischemic injury. The microRNA miR-34a is known to be induced in cardiomyocytes following ischemic injury. Another hallmark of ischemic injury is impaired glycolysis. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of short- and long-term exposure to hypoxia on miR-34a expression on apoptosis and regulation of key glycolysis metabolic enzymes. Both repeated short-term (30 min) burst of hypoxia with intermittent reoxygenation (30 min) as well as long-term (4 h) exposure to hypoxia followed by 6 h of reoxygenation robustly induced miR-34a levels. Hypoxia induced changes in cardiac permeability and localization of the channel protein connexin 34 as well as induced apoptosis as evident by levels of cleaved-caspase 3/7 and impaired cell proliferation. Hypoxia was also associated with decreased expression of key glycolytic enzymes hexokinase-1, hexokinase-2, glucose-6-phosphate-isomerase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1. Attenuation of hypoxia-induced miR-34a by anti-miR-34a antagomir, but not a control antagomir, decreased miR-34a levels to those observed under normoxia and also inhibited apoptosis, potentially by rescuing expression of the key glycolytic enzymes. Cumulatively, our results establish that therapeutic targeting of miR-34a via antagomir might be a potent therapeutic mechanism to treat ischemic injury in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zai-Cun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Zun-Zhe Wang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Huan-Ju Ma
- Community Health Service Center of Dongchangfu New Area, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Chen-Chen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Hua-Ting Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China.
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Zhou Y, Jia WK, Jian Z, Zhao L, Liu CC, Wang Y, Xiao YB. Downregulation of microRNA-199a-5p protects cardiomyocytes in cyanotic congenital heart disease by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:2992-3000. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Ottaviani L, da Costa Martins PA. Non-coding RNAs in cardiac hypertrophy. J Physiol 2017; 595:4037-4050. [PMID: 28233323 PMCID: PMC5471409 DOI: 10.1113/jp273129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is one of the largest contributors to disease burden and healthcare outflow in the Western world. Despite significant progress in the treatment of heart failure, disease prognosis remains very poor, with the only curative therapy still being heart transplantation. To counteract the current situation, efforts have been made to better understand the underlying molecular pathways in the progression of cardiac disease towards heart failure, and to link the disease to novel therapeutic targets such as non‐coding RNAs. The non‐coding part of the genome has gained prominence over the last couple of decades, opening a completely new research field and establishing different non‐coding RNAs species as fundamental regulators of cellular functions. Not surprisingly, their dysregulation is increasingly being linked to pathology, including to cardiac disease. Pre‐clinically, non‐coding RNAs have been shown to be of great value as therapeutic targets in pathological cardiac remodelling and also as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for heart failure. Therefore, it is to be expected that non‐coding RNA‐based therapeutic strategies will reach the bedside in the future and provide new and more efficient treatments for heart failure. Here, we review recent discoveries linking the function and molecular interactions of non‐coding RNAs with the pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Ottaviani
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paula A da Costa Martins
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Zhang J, Ma J, Long K, Qiu W, Wang Y, Hu Z, Liu C, Luo Y, Jiang A, Jin L, Tang Q, Wang X, Li X, Li M. Overexpression of Exosomal Cardioprotective miRNAs Mitigates Hypoxia-Induced H9c2 Cells Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E711. [PMID: 28350318 PMCID: PMC5412297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that hypoxia caused by acute myocardial infarction can induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Exosomes are signalling mediators that contribute to intercellular communication by transporting cytosolic components including miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins. However, the systemic regulation and function of exosomal miRNAs in hypoxic cardiomyocytes are currently not well understood. Here, we used small RNA sequencing to investigate the effects of hypoxia stress on miRNAome of rat cardiomyoblast cells (H9c2) and corresponding exosomes. We identified 92 and 62 miRNAs in cells and exosomes, respectively, that were differentially expressed between hypoxia and normoxia. Hypoxia strongly modulated expression of hypoxia-associated miRNAs in H9c2 cells, and altered the miRNAome of H9c2 cells-derived exosomes. Functional enrichment analysis revealed extensive roles of differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs in the HIF-1 signalling pathway and in apoptosis-related pathways including the TNF, MAPK, and mTOR pathways. Furthermore, gain- and loss-of-function analysis demonstrated potential anti-apoptotic effects of the hypoxia-induced exosomal miRNAs, including miR-21-5p, miR-378-3p, miR-152-3p, and let-7i-5p; luciferase reporter assay confirmed that Atg12 and Faslg are targets of miR-152-3p and let-7i-5p, respectively. To summarize, this study revealed that hypoxia-induced exosomes derived from H9c2 cells loaded cardioprotective miRNAs, which mitigate hypoxia-induced H9c2 cells apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Zhang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jideng Ma
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Keren Long
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wanling Qiu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yujie Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zihui Hu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Can Liu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yi Luo
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Anan Jiang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Long Jin
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qianzi Tang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xun Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xuewei Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Pinti MV, Hathaway QA, Hollander JM. Role of microRNA in metabolic shift during heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 312:H33-H45. [PMID: 27742689 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00341.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is an end point resulting from a number of disease states. The prognosis for HF patients is poor with survival rates precipitously low. Energy metabolism is centrally linked to the development of HF, and it involves the proteomic remodeling of numerous pathways, many of which are targeted to the mitochondrion. microRNAs (miRNA) are noncoding RNAs that influence posttranscriptional gene regulation. miRNA have garnered considerable attention for their ability to orchestrate changes to the transcriptome, and ultimately the proteome, during HF. Recently, interest in the role played by miRNA in the regulation of energy metabolism at the mitochondrion has emerged. Cardiac proteome remodeling during HF includes axes impacting hypertrophy, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and metabolic fuel transition. Although it is established that the pathological environment of hypoxia and hemodynamic stress significantly contribute to the HF phenotype, it remains unclear as to the mechanistic underpinnings driving proteome remodeling. The aim of this review is to present evidence highlighting the role played by miRNA in these processes as a means for linking pathological stimuli with proteomic alteration. The differential expression of proteins of substrate transport, glycolysis, β-oxidation, ketone metabolism, the citric acid cycle (CAC), and the electron transport chain (ETC) are paralleled by the differential expression of miRNA species that modulate these processes. Identification of miRNAs that translocate to cardiomyocyte mitochondria (miR-181c, miR-378) influencing the expression of the mitochondrial genome-encoded transcripts as well as suggested import modulators are discussed. Current insights, applications, and challenges of miRNA-based therapeutics are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark V Pinti
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Mitochondria, Metabolism, and Bioenergentics Working Group, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Quincy A Hathaway
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Mitochondria, Metabolism, and Bioenergentics Working Group, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - John M Hollander
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Mitochondria, Metabolism, and Bioenergentics Working Group, Morgantown, West Virginia
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Retinal expression of small non-coding RNAs in a murine model of proliferative retinopathy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33947. [PMID: 27653551 PMCID: PMC5032015 DOI: 10.1038/srep33947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular neovascularization is a leading cause of blindness in proliferative retinopathy. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) play critical roles in both vascular and neuronal development of the retina through post-transcriptional regulation of target gene expression. To identify the function and therapeutic potential of sncRNAs in retinopathy, we assessed the expression profile of retinal sncRNAs in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) with pathologic proliferation of neovessels. Approximately 2% of all analyzed sncRNAs were significantly altered in OIR retinas compared with normoxic controls. Twenty three microRNAs with substantial up- or down-regulation were identified, including miR-351, -762, -210, 145, -155, -129-5p, -150, -203, and -375, which were further analyzed for their potential target genes in angiogenic, hypoxic, and immune response-related pathways. In addition, nineteen small nucleolar RNAs also revealed differential expression in OIR retinas compared with control retinas. A decrease of overall microRNA expression in OIR retinas was consistent with reduced microRNA processing enzyme Dicer, and increased expression of Alu element in OIR. Together, our findings elucidated a group of differentially expressed sncRNAs in a murine model of proliferative retinopathy. These sncRNAs may exert critical post-transcriptional regulatory roles in regulating pathological neovascularization in eye diseases.
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Palomer X, Barroso E, Zarei M, Botteri G, Vázquez-Carrera M. PPARβ/δ and lipid metabolism in the heart. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1569-78. [PMID: 26825692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac lipid metabolism is the focus of attention due to its involvement in the development of cardiac disorders. Both a reduction and an increase in fatty acid utilization make the heart more prone to the development of lipotoxic cardiac dysfunction. The ligand-activated transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)β/δ modulates different aspects of cardiac fatty acid metabolism, and targeting this nuclear receptor can improve heart diseases caused by altered fatty acid metabolism. In addition, PPARβ/δ regulates glucose metabolism, the cardiac levels of endogenous antioxidants, mitochondrial biogenesis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, the insulin signaling pathway and lipid-induced myocardial inflammatory responses. As a result, PPARβ/δ ligands can improve cardiac function and ameliorate the pathological progression of cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, cardiac oxidative damage, ischemia-reperfusion injury, lipotoxic cardiac dysfunction and lipid-induced cardiac inflammation. Most of these findings have been observed in preclinical studies and it remains to be established to what extent these intriguing observations can be translated into clinical practice. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Heart Lipid Metabolism edited by G.D. Lopaschuk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Palomer
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Biomedicina de la UB (IBUB), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma Barroso
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Biomedicina de la UB (IBUB), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohammad Zarei
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Biomedicina de la UB (IBUB), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gaia Botteri
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Biomedicina de la UB (IBUB), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Biomedicina de la UB (IBUB), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
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Modulation of Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Oxidative/Nitrative Stress in the Heart. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:3863726. [PMID: 26788247 PMCID: PMC4691632 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3863726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a frequent metabolic disorder associated with increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In addition to its well-known proatherogenic effect, hypercholesterolemia may exert direct effects on the myocardium resulting in contractile dysfunction, aggravated ischemia/reperfusion injury, and diminished stress adaptation. Both preclinical and clinical studies suggested that elevated oxidative and/or nitrative stress plays a key role in cardiac complications induced by hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, modulation of hypercholesterolemia-induced myocardial oxidative/nitrative stress is a feasible approach to prevent or treat deleterious cardiac consequences. In this review, we discuss the effects of various pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, some novel potential pharmacological approaches, and physical exercise on hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative/nitrative stress and subsequent cardiac dysfunction as well as impaired ischemic stress adaptation of the heart in hypercholesterolemia.
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