51
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Donohoe TJ, Callens CKA, Lacy AR, Winter C. Tethered Aminohydroxylation Reaction and Its Application to Total Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Donohoe
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Research Laboratories, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 1RU, UK, Fax: +44‐1865‐275708
| | - Cedric K. A. Callens
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Research Laboratories, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 1RU, UK, Fax: +44‐1865‐275708
| | - Adam R. Lacy
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Research Laboratories, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 1RU, UK, Fax: +44‐1865‐275708
| | - Christian Winter
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Research Laboratories, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 1RU, UK, Fax: +44‐1865‐275708
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52
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Brien CO, Murphy PV. Synthesis of 1-Deoxynojirimycin Derivatives from L-Sorbose via Wittig Reactions. J Carbohydr Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2011.619287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin O’ Brien
- a Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research , University College Dublin , Belfield , Dublin 4 , Ireland
| | - Paul V. Murphy
- b School of Chemistry , National University of Ireland Galway , University Road, Galway , Ireland
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53
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Chiron approach strategy to the bicyclic oxazolidinylpiperidine: a building block for preparing mono- and bi-cyclic iminosugars. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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54
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D'Adamio G, Goti A, Parmeggiani C, Moreno-Clavijo E, Robina I, Cardona F. Total Synthesis of (+)-Hyacinthacine A1, (+)-7a-epi-Hyacinthacine A1, (6R)-6-Hydroxyhyacinthacine A1 and (6S)-6-Hydroxy-7a-epi-hyacinthacine A1. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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55
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Tamayo JA, Franco F, Sánchez-Cantalejo F. Synthesis of the Proposed Structure of Pentahydroxylated Pyrrolizidine Hyacinthacine C5 and Its C6,C7 Epimer. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
For the purpose of this article, iminosugars are polyhydroxylated secondary and tertiary amines in which the molecules resemble monosaccharide sugars in which the ring oxygen is replaced by the nitrogen. The bicyclic structures may biologically resemble disaccharides. Very few iminosugars have been available up to now for evaluation of their pharmaceutical applications. The early compounds were discovered and selected for study due to glycosidase inhibition, which is now known to not be necessary for pharmacological activity and may cause off-target effects. Glyset® and Zavesca®, derived from the glucosidase-inhibiting natural product 1-deoxynojirimycin, are the first two examples of iminosugar drugs. Since the discovery of this first generation, many new natural products have been identified with a wide range of biological activities but few are widely available. Among the biological properties of these compounds are good oral bioavailability and very specific immune modulatory and chaperoning activity. Although the natural products from plants and microorganisms can have good specificity, modifications of the template natural products have been very successful recently in producing bioactive compounds with good profiles. The field of iminosugars continues to open up exciting new opportunities for therapeutic agent discovery and offers many new tools for precisely modifying carbohydrate structures and modulating glycosidase activity in vivo. Current efforts are directed towards a greater range of structures and a wider range of biochemical targets.
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58
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Timmer MS, Dangerfield EM, Cheng JM, Gulab SA, Stocker BL. Rapid synthesis of 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin using a carbamate annulation. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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59
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Dragutan I, Dragutan V, Mitan C, Vosloo HCM, Delaude L, Demonceau A. Metathesis access to monocyclic iminocyclitol-based therapeutic agents. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:699-716. [PMID: 21804866 PMCID: PMC3135129 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
By focusing on recent developments on natural and non-natural azasugars (iminocyclitols), this review bolsters the case for the role of olefin metathesis reactions (RCM, CM) as key transformations in the multistep syntheses of pyrrolidine-, piperidine- and azepane-based iminocyclitols, as important therapeutic agents against a range of common diseases and as tools for studying metabolic disorders. Considerable improvements brought about by introduction of one or more metathesis steps are outlined, with emphasis on the exquisite steric control and atom-economical outcome of the overall process. The comparative performance of several established metathesis catalysts is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Dragutan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202B Spl. Independentei, P.O. Box 35-108, Bucharest 060023, Romania
| | - Valerian Dragutan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202B Spl. Independentei, P.O. Box 35-108, Bucharest 060023, Romania
| | - Carmen Mitan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202B Spl. Independentei, P.O. Box 35-108, Bucharest 060023, Romania
| | - Hermanus CM Vosloo
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North-West University, Hoffman Street, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Lionel Delaude
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry (B6a), University of Liège, Sart Tilman, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Albert Demonceau
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry (B6a), University of Liège, Sart Tilman, Liège 4000, Belgium
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60
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Boto A, Romero-Estudillo I. One-pot stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-amino alcohol derivatives. Org Lett 2011; 13:3426-9. [PMID: 21615165 DOI: 10.1021/ol201173a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Common β-hydroxy amino acids (such as threonine) can be readily transformed into 1,2-amino alcohols with excellent stereoselectivity. This one-pot decarboxylation-alkylation process allows the replacement of the carboxyl group by alkyl, allyl, or aryl groups, generally in high yields. A variation of the process (decarboxylation-Diels-Alder) allows the formation of bi- and polycyclic systems, which are useful precursors of alkaloid cores or iminosugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Boto
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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61
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Dekaris V, Pulz R, Al-Harrasi A, Lentz D, Reissig HU. Stereoselective Syntheses of Aza, Amino and Imino Sugar Derivatives by Hydroboration of 3,6-Dihydro-2H-1,2-oxazines as Key Reaction. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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62
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Brock EA, Davies SG, Lee JA, Roberts PM, Thomson JE. Asymmetric Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Pyrrolizidines via Transannular Iodoamination with Concomitant N-Debenzylation. Org Lett 2011; 13:1594-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol103090z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Anne Brock
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Stephen G. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - James A. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Paul M. Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - James E. Thomson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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63
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Massen ZS, Coutouli-Argyropoulou E, Sarli VC, Gallos JK. Synthesis of a protected trihydroxyindolizidine 3-carboxylate via a hetero-Diels–Alder addition of ethyl 2-nitrosoacrylate to a d-ribose-derived exo-glycal. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:508-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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64
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Kovačková S, Dračínský M, Rejman D. The synthesis of piperidine nucleoside analogs—a comparison of several methods to access the introduction of nucleobases. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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65
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Stütz AE, Wrodnigg TM. Imino sugars and glycosyl hydrolases: historical context, current aspects, emerging trends. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2011; 66:187-298. [PMID: 22123190 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385518-3.00004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Forty years of discoveries and research on imino sugars, which are carbohydrate analogues having a basic nitrogen atom instead of oxygen in the sugar ring and, acting as potent glycosidase inhibitors, have made considerable impact on our contemporary understanding of glycosidases. Imino sugars have helped to elucidate the catalytic machinery of glycosidases and have refined our methods and concepts of utilizing them. A number of new aspects have emerged for employing imino sugars as pharmaceutical compounds, based on their profound effects on metabolic activities in which glycosidases are involved. From the digestion of starch to the fight against viral infections, from research into malignant diseases to potential improvements in hereditary storage disorders, glycosidase action and inhibition are essential issues. This account aims at combining general developments with a focus on some niches where imino sugars have become useful tools for glycochemistry and glycobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold E Stütz
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, Austria
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66
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John Pal AP, Kadigachalam P, Mallick A, Doddi VR, Vankar YD. Synthesis of sugar-derived spiroaminals via lactamization and metathesis reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:809-19. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00555j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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67
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Witte MD, van der Marel GA, Aerts JMFG, Overkleeft HS. Irreversible inhibitors and activity-based probes as research tools in chemical glycobiology. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:5908-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05531c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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68
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Shih TL, Liang MT, Wu KD, Lin CH. Synthesis of polyhydroxy 7- and N-alkyl-azepanes as potent glycosidase inhibitors. Carbohydr Res 2010; 346:183-90. [PMID: 21146809 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An effective synthetic method for polyhydroxylated azepanes that contain an alkyl group (Me or Bu) at either the 7- or N-positions is developed. The synthetic routes are accomplished in eight to ten steps from d-(-)-quinic acid. Among the compounds synthesized, the polyhydroxy 7-butyl azepane (compound 3), which possessed the R-configuration at C-7 position, is shown to give potent inhibition against β-galactosidase (IC(50)= 3 microM). Preliminary biological data indicate that the length of alkyl groups along with the proper stereochemistry at the C-7 position is essential for acquiring extra binding affinity. Using similar synthetic routes, the polyhydroxy N-methyl and N-butyl azepanes are synthesized for the comparison of their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzenge-Lien Shih
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, Tamsui 25137, Taipei County, Taiwan.
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69
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John Pal AP, Gupta P, Suman Reddy Y, Vankar YD. Synthesis of Fused Oxa-Aza Spiro Sugars from D-Glucose-Derived δ-Lactone as Glycosidase Inhibitors. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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70
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Atta AK, Pathak T. A Tandem Michael-SN2-Mediated General Route to Six-Membered Heterocycles and Carbocycles. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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71
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Kalamkar NB, Kasture VM, Chavan ST, Sabharwal SG, Dhavale DD. Concise and practical route to tri- and tetra-hydroxy seven-membered iminocyclitols as glycosidase inhibitors from d-(+)-glucurono-γ-lactone. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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72
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73
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Synthesis and inhibitory activities of novel C-3 substituted azafagomines: A new type of selective inhibitors of α-l-fucosidases. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:4648-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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74
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Yadav LDS, Awasthi C. Efficient one-pot synthetic protocols for iminosugar-bearing imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines from carbohydrates. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:318-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2009] [Revised: 11/08/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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75
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Bagal SK, Davies SG, Lee JA, Roberts PM, Russell AJ, Scott PM, Thomson JE. An Oxidation and Ring Contraction Approach to the Synthesis of (±)-1-Deoxynojirimycin and (±)-1-Deoxyaltronojirimycin. Org Lett 2009; 12:136-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol902533b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharan K. Bagal
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K., and Pfizer Global R&D, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, U.K
| | - Stephen G. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K., and Pfizer Global R&D, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, U.K
| | - James A. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K., and Pfizer Global R&D, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, U.K
| | - Paul M. Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K., and Pfizer Global R&D, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, U.K
| | - Angela J. Russell
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K., and Pfizer Global R&D, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, U.K
| | - Philip M. Scott
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K., and Pfizer Global R&D, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, U.K
| | - James E. Thomson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K., and Pfizer Global R&D, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, U.K
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