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Paracoccus seriniphilus adhered on surfaces: Resistance of a seawater bacterium against shear forces under the influence of roughness, surface energy, and zeta potential of the surfaces. Biointerphases 2018; 13:051003. [PMID: 30336679 DOI: 10.1116/1.5049226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria in flowing media are exposed to shear forces exerted by the fluid. Before a biofilm can be formed, the bacteria have to attach to a solid surface and have to resist these shear forces. Here, the authors determined dislodgement forces of single Paracoccus seriniphilus bacteria by means of lateral force microscopy. The first measurement set was performed on very flat glass and titanium (both as very hydrophilic samples with water contact angles below 20°) as well as highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and steel surfaces (both as more hydrophobic surfaces in the context of biological interaction with water contact angles above 50°). The different surfaces also show different zeta potentials in the range between -18 and -108 mV at the measurement pH of 7. The second set comprised titanium with different RMS (root mean square) roughness values from a few nanometers up to 22 nm. Lateral forces between 0.5 and 3 nN were applied. For Paracoccus seriniphilus, the authors found as a general trend that the surface energy of the substrate at comparable roughness determines the detachment process. The surface energy is inversely proportional to the initial adhesion forces of the bacterium with the surface. The higher the surface energy (and the lower the initial adhesion force) is, the easier the dislodgement of the bacteria happens. In contrast, electrostatics play only a secondary role in the lateral dislodgement of the bacteria and may come only into play if surface energies are the same. Furthermore, the surface chemistry (glass, titanium, and steel as oxidic surfaces and HOPG as a nonoxidic surface) seems to play an important role because HOPG does not completely follow the above mentioned general trend found for the oxide covered surfaces. In addition, the roughness of the substrates (made of the same material) is limiting the lateral dislodgement of the bacteria. All examined structures with RMS roughness of about 8-22 nm on titanium prevent the bacteria from the lateral dislodgement compared to polished titanium with an RMS roughness of about 3 nm.
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52
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Yin B, Zhu L, Zhang Y, Dong P, Mao Y, Liang R, Niu L, Luo X. The Characterization of Biofilm Formation and Detection of Biofilm-Related Genes in Salmonella Isolated from Beef Processing Plants. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2018; 15:660-667. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Binru Yin
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Lixian Zhu
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Pengcheng Dong
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yanwei Mao
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Rongrong Liang
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Lebao Niu
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Zhang J, Poh CL. Regulating exopolysaccharide gene wcaF allows control of Escherichia coli biofilm formation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13127. [PMID: 30177768 PMCID: PMC6120894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While biofilms are known to cause problems in many areas of human health and the industry, biofilms are important in a number of engineering applications including wastewater management, bioremediation, and bioproduction of valuable chemicals. However, excessive biofilm growth remains a key challenge in the use of biofilms in these applications. As certain amount of biofilm growth is required for efficient use of biofilms, the ability to control and maintain biofilms at desired thickness is vital. To this end, we developed synthetic gene circuits to control E. coli MG1655 biofilm formation by using CRISPRi/dCas9 to regulate a gene (wcaF) involved in the synthesis of colanic acid (CA), a key polysaccharide in E. coli biofilm extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). We showed that the biofilm formation was inhibited when wcaF was repressed and the biofilms could be maintained at a different thickness over a period of time. We also demonstrated that it is also possible to control the biofilm thickness spatially by inhibiting wcaF gene using a genetic light switch. The results demonstrate that the approach has great potential as a new means to control and maintain biofilm thickness in biofilm related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117583, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 117456, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chueh Loo Poh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117583, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore.
- NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 117456, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore.
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54
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Zhu CT, Mei YY, Zhu LL, Xu Y, Sheng S, Wang J. Recombinant Escherichia coli BL21-pET28a- egfp Cultivated with Nanomaterials in a Modified Microchannel for Biofilm Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2590. [PMID: 30200345 PMCID: PMC6163294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of whole cells as catalytic biofilms in microchannels has attracted increasing scientific interest. However, the excessive biomass formation and structure of biofilms in a reactor limits their use. A microchannel reactor with surface modification was used to colonize recombinant Escherichia coil BL21-pET28a-egfp rapidly and accelerated growth of biofilms in the microchannel. The segmented flow system of 'air/culture medium containing nanomaterials' was firstly used to modulate the biofilms formation of recombinant E. coil; the inhibitory effects of nanomaterials on biofilm formation were investigated. The results indicated that the segmental flow mode has a significant impact on the structure and development of biofilms. Using the channels modified by silane reagent, the culture time of biofilms (30 h) was reduced by 6 h compared to unmodified channels. With the addition of graphene sheets (10 mg/L) in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium, the graphene sheets possessed a minimum inhibition rate of 3.23% against recombinant E. coil. The biofilms cultivated by the LB medium with added graphene sheets were stably formed in 20 h; the formation time was 33.33% shorter than that by LB medium without graphene. The developed method provides an efficient and simple approach for rapid preparation of catalytic biofilms in microchannel reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Tong Zhu
- School of Biotechnology & School of the Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China.
| | - Yi-Yuan Mei
- School of Biotechnology & School of the Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China.
| | - Lin-Lin Zhu
- School of Biotechnology & School of the Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China.
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Biotechnology & School of the Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China.
- Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China.
| | - Sheng Sheng
- School of Biotechnology & School of the Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China.
- Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biotechnology & School of the Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China.
- Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China.
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55
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Yarrowia lipolytica morphological mutant enables lasting in situ immobilization in bioreactor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5473-5482. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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56
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Gast M, Kühner S, Sobek H, Walther P, Mizaikoff B. Enhanced Selectivity by Passivation: Molecular Imprints for Viruses with Exceptional Binding Properties. Anal Chem 2018; 90:5576-5585. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b05148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefanie Kühner
- Labor Dr. Merk & Kollegen GmbH, Beim Braunland 1, 88414 Ochsenhausen, Germany
| | - Harald Sobek
- Labor Dr. Merk & Kollegen GmbH, Beim Braunland 1, 88414 Ochsenhausen, Germany
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57
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Strieth D, Ulber R, Muffler K. Application of phototrophic biofilms: from fundamentals to processes. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 41:295-312. [PMID: 29198024 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Biotechnological production of valuables by microorganisms is commonly achieved by cultivating the cells as suspended solids in an appropriate liquid medium. However, the main portion of these organisms features a surface-attached growth in their native habitats. The utilization of such biofilms shows significant challenges, e.g. concerning control of pH, nutrient supply, and heat/mass transfer. But the use of biofilms might also enable novel and innovative production processes addressing robustness and strength of the applied biocatalyst, for example if variable conditions might occur in the process or a feedstock (substrate) is changed in its composition. Besides the robustness of a biofilm, the high density of the immobilized biocatalyst facilitates a simple separation of the catalyst and the extracellular product, whereas intracellular target compounds occur in a concentrated form; thus, expenses for downstream processing can be drastically reduced. While phototrophic organisms feature a fabulous spectrum of metabolites ranging from biofuels to biologically active compounds, the low cell density of phototrophic suspension cultures is still limiting their application for production processes. The review is focusing on pro- and eukaryotic microalgae featuring the production of valuable compounds and highlights requirements for their cultivation as phototrophic biofilms, i.e. setup as well as operation of biofilm reactors, and modeling of phototrophic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Strieth
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - R Ulber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - K Muffler
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Berlinstr. 109, 55411, Bingen, Germany.
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58
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Adhesion forces of the sea-water bacterium Paracoccus seriniphilus on titanium: Influence of microstructures and environmental conditions. Biointerphases 2017; 12:05G606. [PMID: 29108418 DOI: 10.1116/1.5002676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial attachment to surfaces is the first step of biofilm formation. This attachment is governed by adhesion forces which act between the bacterium and the substrate. Such forces can be measured by single cell force spectroscopy, where a single bacterium is attached to a cantilever of a scanning force microscope, and force-distance curves are measured. For the productive sea-water bacterium Paracoccus seriniphilus, pH dependent measurements reveal the highest adhesion forces at pH 4. Adhesion forces measured at salinities between 0% and 4.5% NaCl are in general higher for higher salinity. However, there is an exception for 0.9% where a higher adhesion force was measured than expected. These results are in line with zeta potential measurements of the bacterium, which also show an exceptionally low zeta potential at 0.9% NaCl. In the absence of macromolecular interactions, the adhesion forces are thus governed by (unspecific) electrostatic interactions, which can be adjusted by pH and ionic strength. It is further shown that microstructures on the titanium surface increase the adhesion force. Growth medium reduces the interaction forces dramatically, most probably through macromolecular bridging.
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59
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Mohammadzadeh R, Agheshlouie M, Mahdavinia GR. Expression of chitinase gene in BL21 pET system and investigating the biocatalystic performance of chitinase-loaded AlgSep nanocomposite beads. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1664-1671. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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60
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Zune Q, Telek S, Calvo S, Salmon T, Alchihab M, Toye D, Delvigne F. Influence of liquid phase hydrodynamics on biofilm formation on structured packing: Optimization of surfactin production from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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61
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Schlegel C, Chodorski J, Huster M, Davoudi N, Huttenlochner K, Bohley M, Reichenbach I, Buhl S, Breuninger P, Müller-Renno C, Ziegler C, Aurich J, Antonyuk S, Ulber R. Analyzing the influence of microstructured surfaces on the lactic acid production of Lactobacillus delbrueckii lactis in a flow-through cell system. Eng Life Sci 2017; 17:865-873. [PMID: 32624834 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms growing in biofilms might be possible biocatalysts for future biotechnological production processes. Attached to a surface and embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix, they create their preferred environment and form robust cultures for continuous systems. With the objective of implementing highly efficient processes, productive biofilms need to be understood comprehensively. In this study, the influence of microstructured metallic surfaces on biofilm productivity was researched. To conduct this study, titanium and stainless steel sheets were polished, micromilled, as well as coated with particles. Subsequently, the metal sheets were exposed to the lactic acid producing Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis under laminar and homogeneous flow conditions in a custom-built flow cell. A proof-of-concept showed that biofilm formation in the system only occurred on the designated substratum. Following a 24-h batch cultivation for primary biofilm development, the culture was continuously provided with glucose containing medium. As different experimental series have indicated, the process resulted to be stable for up to eleven days. Primary metabolite productivity averaged around 6-7 g/(L h). Interestingly, the productivity was shown to be affected neither by the type of metal, nor by the applied microstructures. Nevertheless, a higher dry biomass weight determined on micro-milled substratum indicates a complementary differentiation of biofilm components in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Schlegel
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Jonas Chodorski
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Manuel Huster
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Neda Davoudi
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Katharina Huttenlochner
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Martin Bohley
- Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Production Systems University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Ingo Reichenbach
- Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Production Systems University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Sebastian Buhl
- Chair of Particle Process Engineering University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Paul Breuninger
- Chair of Particle Process Engineering University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Christine Müller-Renno
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Christiane Ziegler
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Jan Aurich
- Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Production Systems University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Sergiy Antonyuk
- Chair of Particle Process Engineering University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Roland Ulber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
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62
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Delvigne F, Baert J, Sassi H, Fickers P, Grünberger A, Dusny C. Taking control over microbial populations: Current approaches for exploiting biological noise in bioprocesses. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [PMID: 28544731 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201600549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity of microbial cells has attracted much attention and several research efforts have been dedicated to the description of methods aiming at characterizing phenotypic heterogeneity and its impact on microbial populations. However, different approaches have also been suggested in order to take benefit from noise in a bioprocess perspective, e.g. by increasing the robustness or productivity of a microbial population. This review is dedicated to outline these controlling methods. A common issue, that has still to be addressed, is the experimental identification and the mathematical expression of noise. Indeed, the effective interfacing of microbial physiology with external parameters that can be used for controlling physiology depends on the acquisition of reliable signals. Latest technologies, like single cell microfluidics and advanced flow cytometric approaches, enable linking physiology, noise, heterogeneity in productive microbes with environmental cues and hence allow correctly mapping and predicting biological behavior via mathematical representations. However, like in the field of electronics, signals are perpetually subjected to noise. If appropriately interpreted, this noise can give an additional insight into the behavior of the individual cells within a microbial population of interest. This review focuses on recent progress made at describing, treating and exploiting biological noise in the context of microbial populations used in various bioprocess applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Delvigne
- University of Liège, TERRA research center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI lab), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Baert
- University of Liège, TERRA research center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI lab), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Hosni Sassi
- University of Liège, TERRA research center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI lab), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Patrick Fickers
- University of Liège, TERRA research center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI lab), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Alexander Grünberger
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Jülich, Germany.,Multiscale Bioengineering, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Dusny
- Department Solar Materials, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
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63
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64
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Wang D, Xu A, Elmerich C, Ma LZ. Biofilm formation enables free-living nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria to fix nitrogen under aerobic conditions. ISME JOURNAL 2017; 11:1602-1613. [PMID: 28338674 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2017.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The multicellular communities of microorganisms known as biofilms are of high significance in agricultural setting, yet it is largely unknown about the biofilm formed by nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Here we report the biofilm formation by Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501, a free-living rhizospheric bacterium, capable of fixing nitrogen under microaerobic and nitrogen-limiting conditions. P. stutzeri A1501 tended to form biofilm in minimal media, especially under nitrogen depletion condition. Under such growth condition, the biofilms formed at the air-liquid interface (termed as pellicles) and the colony biofilms on agar plates exhibited nitrogenase activity in air. The two kinds of biofilms both contained large ovoid shape 'cells' that were multiple living bacteria embedded in a sac of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). We proposed to name such large 'cells' as A1501 cyst. Our results suggest that the EPS, especially exopolysaccharides enabled the encased bacteria to fix nitrogen while grown under aerobic condition. The formation of A1501 cysts was reversible in response to the changes of carbon or nitrogen source status. A1501 cyst formation depended on nitrogen-limiting signaling and the presence of sufficient carbon sources, yet was independent of an active nitrogenase. The pellicles formed by Azospirillum brasilense, another free-living nitrogen-fixing rhizobacterium, which also exhibited nitrogenase activity and contained the large EPS-encapsuled A1501 cyst-like 'cells'. Our data imply that free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria could convert the easy-used carbon sources to exopolysaccharides in order to enable nitrogen fixation in a natural aerobic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Anming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Luyan Z Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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65
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Maksimova YG, Maksimov AY, Demakov VA. Biofilms of nitrile-hydrolyzing bacteria: Dynamics of growth, resistance to toxic substances, and biotechnological potential. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683816080068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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66
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Chate AV, Sukale SB, Ugale RS, Gill CH. Baker’s yeast: An efficient, green, and reusable biocatalyst for the one-pot synthesis of biologically important N-substituted decahydroacridine-1,8-dione derivatives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2016.1266501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asha V. Chate
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, India
| | - Shital B. Sukale
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, India
| | - Reshma S. Ugale
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, India
| | - Charansingh H. Gill
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, India
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67
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Tong X, Barberi TT, Botting CH, Sharma SV, Simmons MJH, Overton TW, Goss RJM. Rapid enzyme regeneration results in the striking catalytic longevity of an engineered, single species, biocatalytic biofilm. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:180. [PMID: 27769259 PMCID: PMC5073922 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engineering of single-species biofilms for enzymatic generation of fine chemicals is attractive. We have recently demonstrated the utility of an engineered Escherichia coli biofilm as a platform for synthesis of 5-halotryptophan. E. coli PHL644, expressing a recombinant tryptophan synthase, was employed to generate a biofilm. Its rapid deposition, and instigation of biofilm formation, was enforced by employing a spin-down method. The biofilm presents a large three-dimensional surface area, excellent for biocatalysis. The catalytic longevity of the engineered biofilm is striking, and we had postulated that this was likely to largely result from protection conferred to recombinant enzymes by biofilm's extracellular matrix. SILAC (stable isotopic labelled amino acids in cell cultures), and in particular dynamic SILAC, in which pulses of different isotopically labelled amino acids are administered to cells over a time course, has been used to follow the fate of proteins. To explore within our spin coated biofilm, whether the recombinant enzyme's longevity might be in part due to its regeneration, we introduced pulses of isotopically labelled lysine and phenylalanine into medium overlaying the biofilm and followed their incorporation over the course of biofilm development. RESULTS Through SILAC analysis, we reveal that constant and complete regeneration of recombinant enzymes occurs within spin coated biofilms. The striking catalytic longevity within the biofilm results from more than just simple protection of active enzyme by the biofilm and its associated extracellular matrix. The replenishment of recombinant enzyme is likely to contribute significantly to the catalytic longevity observed for the engineered biofilm system. CONCLUSIONS Here we provide the first evidence of a recombinant enzyme's regeneration in an engineered biofilm. The recombinant enzyme was constantly replenished over time as evidenced by dynamic SILAC, which suggests that the engineered E. coli biofilms are highly metabolically active, having a not inconsiderable energetic demand. The constant renewal of recombinant enzyme highlights the attractive possibility of utilising this biofilm system as a dynamic platform into which enzymes of interest can be introduced in a "plug-and-play" fashion and potentially be controlled through promoter switching for production of a series of desired fine chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Tong
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.,Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Tania Triscari Barberi
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.,Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Catherine H Botting
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Sunil V Sharma
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.,Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Mark J H Simmons
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
| | - Tim W Overton
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
| | - Rebecca J M Goss
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK. .,Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
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68
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Berlanga M, Guerrero R. Living together in biofilms: the microbial cell factory and its biotechnological implications. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:165. [PMID: 27716327 PMCID: PMC5045575 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In nature, bacteria alternate between two modes of growth: a unicellular life phase, in which the cells are free-swimming (planktonic), and a multicellular life phase, in which the cells are sessile and live in a biofilm, that can be defined as surface-associated microbial heterogeneous structures comprising different populations of microorganisms surrounded by a self-produced matrix that allows their attachment to inert or organic surfaces. While a unicellular life phase allows for bacterial dispersion and the colonization of new environments, biofilms allow sessile cells to live in a coordinated, more permanent manner that favors their proliferation. In this alternating cycle, bacteria accomplish two physiological transitions via differential gene expression: (i) from planktonic cells to sessile cells within a biofilm, and (ii) from sessile to detached, newly planktonic cells. Many of the innate characteristics of biofilm bacteria are of biotechnological interest, such as the synthesis of valuable compounds (e.g., surfactants, ethanol) and the enhancement/processing of certain foods (e.g., table olives). Understanding the ecology of biofilm formation will allow the design of systems that will facilitate making products of interest and improve their yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Berlanga
- Section Microbiology, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Guerrero
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Antimicrobials, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Knowledge Hub, Academia Europaea, Barcelona, Spain
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69
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Schmutzler K, Kupitz K, Schmid A, Buehler K. Hyperadherence of Pseudomonas taiwanensis VLB120ΔC increases productivity of (S)-styrene oxide formation. Microb Biotechnol 2016; 10:735-744. [PMID: 27411543 PMCID: PMC5481534 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The attachment strength of biofilm microbes is responsible for the adherence of the cells to surfaces and thus is a critical parameter in biofilm processes. In tubular microreactors, aqueous‐air segmented flow ensures an optimal oxygen supply and prevents excessive biofilm growth. However, organisms growing in these systems depend on an adaptation phase of several days, before mature and strong biofilms can develop. This is due to strong interfacial forces. In this study, a hyperadherent mutant of Pseudomonas taiwanensis VLB120ΔCeGFP possessing an engineered cyclic diguanylate metabolism, was applied to a continuous biofilm process for the production of (S)‐styrene oxide. Cells of the mutant P. taiwanensis VLB120ΔCeGFP Δ04710, showing the same specific activity as the wild type, adhered substantially stronger to the substratum. Adaptation to the high interfacial forces was not necessary in these cases. Thereby, 40% higher final product concentrations were achieved and the maximal volumetric productivity of the parent strain was significantly surpassed by P. taiwanensis VLB120ΔCeGFP Δ04710. Applying mutants with strong adhesion in biofilm‐based catalysis opens the door to biological process control in future applications of catalytic biofilms using other industrially relevant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolin Schmutzler
- Laboratory of Chemical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katharina Kupitz
- Laboratory of Chemical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmid
- Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katja Buehler
- Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
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70
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A highly diverse, desert-like microbial biocenosis on solar panels in a Mediterranean city. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29235. [PMID: 27378552 PMCID: PMC4932501 DOI: 10.1038/srep29235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms colonize a wide range of natural and artificial environments although there are hardly any data on the microbial ecology of one the most widespread man-made extreme structures: solar panels. Here we show that solar panels in a Mediterranean city (Valencia, Spain) harbor a highly diverse microbial community with more than 500 different species per panel, most of which belong to drought-, heat- and radiation-adapted bacterial genera, and sun-irradiation adapted epiphytic fungi. The taxonomic and functional profiles of this microbial community and the characterization of selected culturable bacteria reveal the existence of a diverse mesophilic microbial community on the panels’ surface. This biocenosis proved to be more similar to the ones inhabiting deserts than to any human or urban microbial ecosystem. This unique microbial community shows different day/night proteomic profiles; it is dominated by reddish pigment- and sphingolipid-producers, and is adapted to withstand circadian cycles of high temperatures, desiccation and solar radiation.
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71
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Tierra G, Pavissich JP, Nerenberg R, Xu Z, Alber MS. Multicomponent model of deformation and detachment of a biofilm under fluid flow. J R Soc Interface 2016; 12:rsif.2015.0045. [PMID: 25808342 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2015.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel biofilm model is described which systemically couples bacteria, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and solvent phases in biofilm. This enables the study of contributions of rheology of individual phases to deformation of biofilm in response to fluid flow as well as interactions between different phases. The model, which is based on first and second laws of thermodynamics, is derived using an energetic variational approach and phase-field method. Phase-field coupling is used to model structural changes of a biofilm. A newly developed unconditionally energy-stable numerical splitting scheme is implemented for computing the numerical solution of the model efficiently. Model simulations predict biofilm cohesive failure for the flow velocity between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] m s(-1) which is consistent with experiments. Simulations predict biofilm deformation resulting in the formation of streamers for EPS exhibiting a viscous-dominated mechanical response and the viscosity of EPS being less than [Formula: see text]. Higher EPS viscosity provides biofilm with greater resistance to deformation and to removal by the flow. Moreover, simulations show that higher EPS elasticity yields the formation of streamers with complex geometries that are more prone to detachment. These model predictions are shown to be in qualitative agreement with experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Tierra
- Mathematical Institute, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 186 75 Prague 8, Czech Republic Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Juan P Pavissich
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Robert Nerenberg
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Zhiliang Xu
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Mark S Alber
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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72
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Parrilli E, Ricciardelli A, Casillo A, Sannino F, Papa R, Tilotta M, Artini M, Selan L, Corsaro MM, Tutino ML. Large-scale biofilm cultivation of Antarctic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125 for physiologic studies and drug discovery. Extremophiles 2016; 20:227-34. [PMID: 26847199 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-016-0813-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are mainly studied due to detrimental effects on human health but they are also well established in industrial biotechnology for the production of chemicals. Moreover, biofilm can be considered as a source of novel drugs since the conditions prevailing within biofilm can allow the production of specific metabolites. Antarctic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125 when grown in biofilm condition produces an anti-biofilm molecule able to inhibit the biofilm of the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus epidermidis. In this paper we set up a P. haloplanktis TAC125 biofilm cultivation methodology in automatic bioreactor. The biofilm cultivation was designated to obtain two goals: (1) the scale up of cell-free supernatant production in an amount necessary for the anti-biofilm molecule/s purification; (2) the recovery of P. haloplanktis TAC125 cells grown in biofilm for physiological studies. We set up a fluidized-bed reactor fermentation in which floating polystyrene supports were homogeneously mixed, exposing an optimal air-liquid interface to let bacterium biofilm formation. The proposed methodology allowed a large-scale production of anti-biofilm molecule and paved the way to study differences between P. haloplanktis TAC125 cells grown in biofilm and in planktonic conditions. In particular, the modifications occurring in the lipopolysaccharide of cells grown in biofilm were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermenegilda Parrilli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II University, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Annarita Ricciardelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II University, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Casillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II University, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Filomena Sannino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II University, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosanna Papa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tilotta
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Artini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Selan
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Michela Corsaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II University, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Tutino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II University, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
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73
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Todhanakasem T, Tiwari R, Thanonkeo P. Development of corn silk as a biocarrier for Zymomonas mobilis biofilms in ethanol production from rice straw. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2016; 62:68-74. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.62.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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74
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Benedetti I, de Lorenzo V, Nikel PI. Genetic programming of catalytic Pseudomonas putida biofilms for boosting biodegradation of haloalkanes. Metab Eng 2016; 33:109-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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75
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Mitra A, Mukhopadhyay S. Biofilm mediated decontamination of pollutants from the environment. AIMS BIOENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.3934/bioeng.2016.1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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76
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Karande R, Debor L, Salamanca D, Bogdahn F, Engesser KH, Buehler K, Schmid A. Continuous cyclohexane oxidation to cyclohexanol using a novel cytochrome P450 monooxygenase from Acidovorax sp. CHX100 in recombinant P. taiwanensis VLB120 biofilms. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:52-61. [PMID: 26153144 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The applications of biocatalysts in chemical industries are characterized by activity, selectivity, and stability. One key strategy to achieve high biocatalytic activity is the identification of novel enzymes with kinetics optimized for organic synthesis by Nature. The isolation of novel cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes from Acidovorax sp. CHX100 and their functional expression in recombinant Pseudomonas taiwanensis VLB120 enabled efficient oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol. Although initial resting cell activities of 20 U gCDW (-1) were achieved, the rapid decrease in catalytic activity due to the toxicity of cyclohexane prevented synthetic applications. Cyclohexane toxicity was reduced and cellular activities stabilized over the reaction time by delivering the toxic substrate through the vapor phase and by balancing the aqueous phase mass transfer with the cellular conversion rate. The potential of this novel CYP enzyme was exploited by transferring the shake flask reaction to an aqueous-air segmented flow biofilm membrane reactor for maximizing productivity. Cyclohexane was continuously delivered via the silicone membrane. This ensured lower reactant toxicity and continuous product formation at an average volumetric productivity of 0.4 g L tube (-1) h(-1) for several days. This highlights the potential of combining a powerful catalyst with a beneficial reactor design to overcome critical issues of cyclohexane oxidation to cyclohexanol. It opens new opportunities for biocatalytic transformations of compounds which are toxic, volatile, and have low solubility in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Karande
- Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Linde Debor
- Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diego Salamanca
- Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Fabian Bogdahn
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biotechnology, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinrich Engesser
- Department of Biological Waste Air Purification, Institute of Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Buehler
- Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany. .,Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biotechnology, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Andreas Schmid
- Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
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77
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Jagmann N, Henke SF, Philipp B. Cells of Escherichia coli are protected against severe chemical stress by co-habiting cell aggregates formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:8285-94. [PMID: 26066844 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6726-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cells within biofilms and cell aggregates show increased resistance against chemical stress compared with suspended cells. It is not known whether bacteria that co-habit biofilms formed by other bacteria also acquire such resistance. This scenario was investigated in a proof-of-principle experiment with Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 as cell aggregate-forming bacterium and Escherichia coli strain MG1655 as potential co-habiting bacterium equipped with an inducible bioluminescence system. Cell aggregation of strain PAO1 can be induced by the toxic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). In single cultures of strain MG1655, bioluminescence was inhibited by the protonophor carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) but the cells were still viable. By applying CCCP and SDS together, cells of strain MG1655 lost their bioluminescence and viability indicating the importance of energy-dependent resistance mechanisms against SDS. In co-suspensions with strain PAO1, bioluminescence of strain MG1655 was sustained in the presence of SDS and CCCP. Image analysis showed that bioluminescent cells were located in cell aggregates formed by strain PAO1. Thus, cells of strain MG1655 that co-habited cell aggregates formed by strain PAO1 were protected against a severe chemical stress that was lethal to them in single cultures. Co-habiting could lead to increased survival of pathogens in clinical settings and could be employed in biotechnological applications involving toxic milieus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Jagmann
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) Münster, Corrensstr. 3, 48149, Münster, Germany
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78
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Al-Kaidy H, Duwe A, Huster M, Muffler K, Schlegel C, Sieker T, Stadtmüller R, Tippkötter N, Ulber R. Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering - From the First Ullmann's Article to Recent Trends. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201500008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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79
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Botyanszki Z, Tay PKR, Nguyen PQ, Nussbaumer MG, Joshi NS. Engineered catalytic biofilms: Site-specific enzyme immobilization onto E. coli curli nanofibers. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:2016-24. [PMID: 25950512 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalytic transformations generally rely on purified enzymes or whole cells to perform complex transformations that are used on industrial scale for chemical, drug, and biofuel synthesis, pesticide decontamination, and water purification. However, both of these systems have inherent disadvantages related to the costs associated with enzyme purification, the long-term stability of immobilized enzymes, catalyst recovery, and compatibility with harsh reaction conditions. We developed a novel strategy for producing rationally designed biocatalytic surfaces based on Biofilm Integrated Nanofiber Display (BIND), which exploits the curli system of E. coli to create a functional nanofiber network capable of covalent immobilization of enzymes. This approach is attractive because it is scalable, represents a modular strategy for site-specific enzyme immobilization, and has the potential to stabilize enzymes under denaturing environmental conditions. We site-specifically immobilized a recombinant α-amylase, fused to the SpyCatcher attachment domain, onto E. coli curli fibers displaying complementary SpyTag capture domains. We characterized the effectiveness of this immobilization technique on the biofilms and tested the stability of immobilized α-amylase in unfavorable conditions. This enzyme-modified biofilm maintained its activity when exposed to a wide range of pH and organic solvent conditions. In contrast to other biofilm-based catalysts, which rely on high cellular metabolism, the modified curli-based biofilm remained active even after cell death due to organic solvent exposure. This work lays the foundation for a new and versatile method of using the extracellular polymeric matrix of E. coli for creating novel biocatalytic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsofia Botyanszki
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138
| | - Pei Kun R Tay
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138.,School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138
| | - Peter Q Nguyen
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138.,School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138
| | - Martin G Nussbaumer
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138.,School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138
| | - Neel S Joshi
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138. .,School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138.
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80
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Lang K, Buehler K, Schmid A. Multistep Synthesis of (S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric Acid from Glucose usingPseudomonas taiwanensisVLB120 B83 T7 Catalytic Biofilms. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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81
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Stabilization of single species Synechocystis biofilms by cultivation under segmented flow. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 42:1083-9. [PMID: 25948048 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-015-1626-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The application of segmented flow on a Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 biofilm prevented excessive biomass formation and clogging by fundamentally changing the structure of the microbial community. It was possible to continuously operate a capillary microreactor for 5 weeks, before the experiment was actively terminated. The biofilm developed up to a thickness of 70-120 µm. Surprisingly, the biofilm stopped growing at this thickness and stayed constant without any detachment events occurring afterwards. The substrates CO2 and light were supplied in a counter-current fashion. Confocal microscopy revealed a throughout photosynthetically active biofilm, indicated by the red fluorescence of photo pigments. This control concept and biofilm reaction setup may enable continuous light driven synthesis of value added compounds in future.
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82
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Zune Q, Delepierre A, Gofflot S, Bauwens J, Twizere JC, Punt PJ, Francis F, Toye D, Bawin T, Delvigne F. A fungal biofilm reactor based on metal structured packing improves the quality of a Gla::GFP fusion protein produced by Aspergillus oryzae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6241-54. [PMID: 25935344 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Fungal biofilm is known to promote the excretion of secondary metabolites in accordance with solid-state-related physiological mechanisms. This work is based on the comparative analysis of classical submerged fermentation with a fungal biofilm reactor for the production of a Gla::green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein by Aspergillus oryzae. The biofilm reactor comprises a metal structured packing allowing the attachment of the fungal biomass. Since the production of the target protein is under the control of the promoter glaB, specifically induced in solid-state fermentation, the biofilm mode of culture is expected to enhance the global productivity. Although production of the target protein was enhanced by using the biofilm mode of culture, we also found that fusion protein production is also significant when the submerged mode of culture is used. This result is related to high shear stress leading to biomass autolysis and leakage of intracellular fusion protein into the extracellular medium. Moreover, 2-D gel electrophoresis highlights the preservation of fusion protein integrity produced in biofilm conditions. Two fungal biofilm reactor designs were then investigated further, i.e. with full immersion of the packing or with medium recirculation on the packing, and the scale-up potentialities were evaluated. In this context, it has been shown that full immersion of the metal packing in the liquid medium during cultivation allows for a uniform colonization of the packing by the fungal biomass and leads to a better quality of the fusion protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zune
- Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), Gembloux ABT (ULg), 2 Passage des Déportés, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium,
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83
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Todhanakasem T, Narkmit T, Areerat K, Thanonkeo P. Fermentation of rice bran hydrolysate to ethanol using Zymomonas mobilis biofilm immobilization on DEAE-cellulose. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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84
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Hori K, Ohara Y, Ishikawa M, Nakatani H. Effectiveness of direct immobilization of bacterial cells onto material surfaces using the bacterionanofiber protein AtaA. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:5025-32. [PMID: 25843304 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The bacterionanofiber protein AtaA, a member of the trimeric autotransporter adhesin family found in Acinetobacter sp. Tol 5, is responsible for the nonspecific, high adhesiveness and autoagglutination of this strain. Previously, we introduced the ataA gene into the nonadhesive Acinetobacter strain ST-550, which conferred high adhesiveness to this strain, immobilized its cells, and improved indigo productivity due to enhanced tolerance to the toxic substrate. In this study, we again demonstrated the effectiveness of this new microbial immobilization method using AtaA in a number of conditions. AtaA enabled the effective immobilization of growing, resting, and lyophilized cells of a type strain of Acinetobacter, ADP1, which is also intrinsically nonadhesive, onto the surface of several kinds of support ranging from artificial to natural materials and from hydrophobic polyurethane to hydrophilic glass. Immobilization with AtaA enabled exclusive cell growth in the support space and only a few cells existed in the bulk medium. Immobilization of resting cells drastically increased cell concentration, depending on the support material; dry cells of approximately 110 g/L could be immobilized onto glass wool. Finally, we demonstrated that ADP1 cells immobilized on polyurethane foam can undergo at least 10 repetitive reactions without inactivation during a 5-h period. Even after drying and storing for 3 days, the immobilized cells showed enzymatic activity and an ester hydrolysis reaction was repeated by simply transferring the support with the cells into a fresh reaction buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsutoshi Hori
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8603, Japan,
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85
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Piovano S, Salierno GL, Montmany E, D'Agostino M, Maestri M, Cassanello M. Bed Expansion and Particle Classification in Liquid Fluidized Beds with Structured Internals. Chem Eng Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201400463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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86
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Xing SF, Sun XF, Taylor AA, Walker SL, Wang YF, Wang SG. D-amino acids inhibit initial bacterial adhesion: thermodynamic evidence. Biotechnol Bioeng 2014; 112:696-704. [PMID: 25333717 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are structured communities of cells enclosed in a self-produced hydrated polymeric matrix that can adhere to inert or living surfaces. D-Amino acids were previously identified as self-produced compounds that mediate biofilm disassembly by causing the release of the protein component of the polymeric matrix. However, whether exogenous D-amino acids could inhibit initial bacterial adhesion is still unknown. Here, the effect of the exogenous amino acid D-tyrosine on initial bacterial adhesion was determined by combined use of chemical analysis, force spectroscopic measurement, and theoretical predictions. The surface thermodynamic theory demonstrated that the total interaction energy increased with more D-tyrosine, and the contribution of Lewis acid-base interactions relative to the change in the total interaction energy was much greater than the overall nonspecific interactions. Finally, atomic force microscopy analysis implied that the hydrogen bond numbers and adhesion forces decreased with the increase in D-tyrosine concentrations. D-Tyrosine contributed to the repulsive nature of the cell and ultimately led to the inhibition of bacterial adhesion. This study provides a new way to regulate biofilm formation by manipulating the contents of D-amino acids in natural or engineered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Fang Xing
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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87
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Jagmann N, Philipp B. Reprint of Design of synthetic microbial communities for biotechnological production processes. J Biotechnol 2014; 192 Pt B:293-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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88
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Delvigne F, Zune Q, Lara AR, Al-Soud W, Sørensen SJ. Metabolic variability in bioprocessing: implications of microbial phenotypic heterogeneity. Trends Biotechnol 2014; 32:608-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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89
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Al-Kaidy H, Duwe A, Huster M, Muffler K, Schlegel C, Sieker T, Stadtmüller R, Tippkötter N, Ulber R. Biotechnologie und Bioverfahrenstechnik - Vom ersten Ullmanns Artikel bis hin zu aktuellen Forschungsthemen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201400083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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90
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91
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Resat H, Renslow RS, Beyenal H. Reconstruction of biofilm images: combining local and global structural parameters. BIOFOULING 2014; 30:1141-1154. [PMID: 25377487 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2014.969721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Digitized images can be used for quantitative comparison of biofilms grown under different conditions. Using biofilm image reconstruction, it was previously found that biofilms with a completely different look can have nearly identical structural parameters and that the most commonly utilized global structural parameters were not sufficient to uniquely define these biofilms. Here, additional local and global parameters are introduced to show that these parameters considerably increase the reliability of the image reconstruction process. Assessment using human evaluators indicated that the correct identification rate of the reconstructed images increased from 50% to 72% with the introduction of the new parameters into the reconstruction procedure. An expanded set of parameters especially improved the identification of biofilm structures with internal orientational features and of structures in which colony sizes and spatial locations varied. Hence, the newly introduced structural parameter sets helped to better classify the biofilms by incorporating finer local structural details into the reconstruction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haluk Resat
- a The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering , Washington State University , Pullman , WA , USA
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92
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Maksimova YG, Demakov VA. Change in the concentration of intracellular ATP during adhesion of Rhodococcus ruber gt1 and Pseudomonas fluorescens C2 cells on carbon supports. BIOL BULL+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359014050070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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93
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Schlegel C, Duwe A, Sieker T, Aurich J, Muffler K, Ulber R. Kontinuierliche Produktion von Milchsäure mit Biofilmen auf mikrostrukturierten Metalloberflächen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201450103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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94
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95
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Membrane permeabilization underlies the enhancement of extracellular bioactivity in Shewanella oneidensis by a membrane-spanning conjugated oligoelectrolyte. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:9021-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5973-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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96
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Brink HG, Nicol W. The influence of shear on the metabolite yield of Lactobacillus rhamnosus biofilms. N Biotechnol 2014; 31:460-7. [PMID: 24994037 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A tubular recycle bioreactor was employed to ensure homogeneous shear conditions on the biofilm surface. Superficial liquid velocities of 0.19 ms(-1), 0.37 ms(-1), 0.55 ms(-1) and 3.65 ms(-1) were used. The highest velocity resulted in negligible cell attachment (chemostat) while the ratio of attached-to-total cell mass escalated as the superficial velocity decreased. The lactic acid yield on glucose increased from 0.75 g g(-1) to 0.90 g g(-1) with declining shear while the corresponding acetoin yield on glucose decreased from 0.074 g g(-1) to 0.017 g g(-1). Redox analysis of the catabolites revealed a net consumption of NADH in the anabolism, while the extent of NADH consumption decreased when shear was reduced. This was attributed to the formation of more extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) at low shear conditions. A simplified metabolic flux model was used to estimate the EPS content of the biomass as a function of the shear velocity. Rate data supported the notion of increased EPS at lower shear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Gideon Brink
- University of Pretoria, Department of Chemical Engineering, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Willie Nicol
- University of Pretoria, Department of Chemical Engineering, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
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97
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Golby S, Ceri H, Marques LLR, Turner RJ. Mixed-species biofilms cultured from an oil sand tailings pond can biomineralize metals. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2014; 68:70-80. [PMID: 24281733 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-013-0331-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Here, we used an in vitro biofilm approach to study metal resistance and/or tolerance of mixed-species biofilms grown from an oil sand tailings pond in northern Alberta, Canada. Metals can be inhibitory to microbial hydrocarbon degradation. If microorganisms are exposed to metal concentrations above their resistance levels, metabolic activities and hydrocarbon degradation can be slowed significantly, if not inhibited completely. For this reason, bioremediation strategies may be most effective if metal-resistant microorganisms are used. Viability was measured after exposure to a range of concentrations of ions of Cu, Ag, Pb, Ni, Zn, V, Cr, and Sr. Mixed-species biofilms were found to be extremely metal resistant; up to 20 mg/L of Pb, 16 mg/L of Zn, 1,000 mg/L of Sr, and 3.2 mg/L of Ni. Metal mineralization was observed by visualization with scanning electron microscopy with metal crystals of Cu, Ag, Pb, and Sr exuding from the biofilms. Following metal exposure, the mixed-species biofilms were analyzed by molecular methods and were found to maintain high levels of species complexity. A single species isolated from the community (Rhodococcus erythropolis) was used as a comparison against the mixed-community biofilm and was seen to be much less tolerant to metal stress than the community and did not biomineralize the metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Golby
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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98
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Khalesi M, Zune Q, Telek S, Riveros-Galan D, Verachtert H, Toye D, Gebruers K, Derdelinckx G, Delvigne F. Fungal biofilm reactor improves the productivity of hydrophobin HFBII. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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99
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Jagmann N, Philipp B. Design of synthetic microbial communities for biotechnological production processes. J Biotechnol 2014; 184:209-18. [PMID: 24943116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In their natural habitats microorganisms live in multi-species communities, in which the community members exhibit complex metabolic interactions. In contrast, biotechnological production processes catalyzed by microorganisms are usually carried out with single strains in pure cultures. A number of production processes, however, may be more efficiently catalyzed by the concerted action of microbial communities. This review will give an overview of organismic interactions between microbial cells and of biotechnological applications of microbial communities. It focuses on synthetic microbial communities that consist of microorganisms that have been genetically engineered. Design principles for such synthetic communities will be exemplified based on plausible scenarios for biotechnological production processes. These design principles comprise interspecific metabolic interactions via cross-feeding, regulation by interspecific signaling processes via metabolites and autoinducing signal molecules, and spatial structuring of synthetic microbial communities. In particular, the implementation of metabolic interdependencies, of positive feedback regulation and of inducible cell aggregation and biofilm formation will be outlined. Synthetic microbial communities constitute a viable extension of the biotechnological application of metabolically engineered single strains and enlarge the scope of microbial production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Jagmann
- Universität Münster, Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Corrensstr. 3, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bodo Philipp
- Universität Münster, Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Corrensstr. 3, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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100
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Maharaj K, Bradfield MFA, Nicol W. Succinic acid-producing biofilms of Actinobacillus succinogenes: reproducibility, stability and productivity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:7379-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5779-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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