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Evaluating the microbicidal, antiparasitic and antitumor effects of CR-LAAO from Calloselasma rhodostoma venom. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 80:489-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Bordon KCF, Wiezel GA, Cabral H, Arantes EC. Bordonein-L, a new L-amino acid oxidase from Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom: isolation, preliminary characterization and enzyme stability. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2015; 21:26. [PMID: 26273287 PMCID: PMC4535778 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-015-0025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Crotalus durissus terrificus venom (CdtV) is one of the most studied snake venoms in Brazil. Despite presenting several well known proteins, its L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) has not been studied previously. This study aimed to isolate, characterize and evaluate the enzyme stability of bordonein-L, an LAAO from CdtV. Methods The enzyme was isolated through cation exchange, gel filtration and affinity chromatography, followed by a reversed-phase fast protein liquid chromatography to confirm its purity. Subsequently, its N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined by Edman degradation. The enzyme activity and stability were evaluated by a microplate colorimetric assay and the molecular mass was estimated by SDS-PAGE using periodic acid-Schiff staining and determined by mass spectrometry. Results The first 39 N-terminal amino acid residues exhibited high identity with other snake venom L-amino acid oxidases. Bordonein-L is a homodimer glycoprotein of approximately 101 kDa evaluated by gel filtration. Its monomer presents around 53 kDa estimated by SDS-PAGE and 58,702 Da determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at pH 7.0 and lost about 50 % of its activity after five days of storage at 4 °C. Bordonein-L’s activity was higher than the control when stored in 2.8 % mannitol or 8.5 % sucrose. Conclusions This research is pioneering in its isolation, characterization and enzyme stability evaluation of an LAAO from CdtV, denominated bordonein-L. These results are important because they increase the knowledge about stabilization of LAAOs, aiming to increase their shelf life. Since the maintenance of enzymatic activity after long periods of storage is essential to enable their biotechnological use as well as their functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla C F Bordon
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-903 SP Brazil
| | - Gisele A Wiezel
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-903 SP Brazil
| | - Hamilton Cabral
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Eliane C Arantes
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-903 SP Brazil
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de Souza LL, Stransky S, Guerra-Duarte C, Flor-Sá A, Schneider FS, Kalapothakis E, Chávez-Olórtegui C. Determination of Toxic Activities inBothropsspp. Snake Venoms Using Animal-Free Approaches: Correlation BetweenIn VitroVersusIn VivoAssays. Toxicol Sci 2015; 147:458-65. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ullah A, Masood R, Spencer PJ, Murakami MT, Arni RK. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of an L-amino-acid oxidase from Lachesis muta venom. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2014; 70:1556-9. [PMID: 25372830 PMCID: PMC4231865 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x14017877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Snake-venom proteins form multi-component defence systems by the recruitment and rapid evolution of nonvenomous proteins and hence serve as model systems to understand the structural modifications that result in toxicity. L-Amino-acid oxidases (LAAOs) are encountered in a number of snake venoms and have been implicated in the inhibition of platelet aggregation, cytotoxicity, haemolysis, apoptosis and haemorrhage. An L-amino-acid oxidase from Lachesis muta venom has been purified and crystallized. The crystals belonged to space group P2₁, with unit-cell parameters a=66.05, b=79.41, c=100.52 Å, β=96.55°. The asymmetric unit contained two molecules and the structure has been determined and partially refined at 3.0 Å resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Ullah
- Department of Physics, UNESP/IBILCE, Rua Cristovão Colombo 2265, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Rehana Masood
- Department of Physics, UNESP/IBILCE, Rua Cristovão Colombo 2265, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Patrick Jack Spencer
- Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Mário Tyago Murakami
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Raghuvir Krishnaswamy Arni
- Department of Physics, UNESP/IBILCE, Rua Cristovão Colombo 2265, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil
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55
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Costa TR, Burin SM, Menaldo DL, de Castro FA, Sampaio SV. Snake venom L-amino acid oxidases: an overview on their antitumor effects. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2014; 20:23. [PMID: 24940304 PMCID: PMC4060840 DOI: 10.1186/1678-9199-20-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The L-amino acid oxidases (LAAOs) constitute a major component of snake venoms and have been widely studied due to their widespread presence and various effects, such as apoptosis induction, cytotoxicity, induction and/or inhibition of platelet aggregation, hemorrhage, hemolysis, edema, as well as antimicrobial, antiparasitic and anti-HIV activities. The isolated and characterized snake venom LAAOs have become important research targets due to their potential biotechnological applications in pursuit for new drugs of interest in the scientific and medical fields. The current study discusses the antitumor effects of snake venom LAAOs described in the literature to date, highlighting the mechanisms of apoptosis induction proposed for this class of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tássia R Costa
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Sandra M Burin
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Danilo L Menaldo
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Fabíola A de Castro
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Suely V Sampaio
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil ; Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, B. Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14040-903, Brasil
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56
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Hanane-Fadila ZM, Fatima LD. Purification, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity ofl-amino Acid Oxidase fromCerastes cerastes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2014; 28:347-54. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziad-Meziane Hanane-Fadila
- USTHB, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; BP 32, El-Alia; Bab Ezzouar, 16111; Algiers Algeria
| | - Laraba-Djebari Fatima
- USTHB, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; BP 32, El-Alia; Bab Ezzouar, 16111; Algiers Algeria
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Izidoro LFM, Sobrinho JC, Mendes MM, Costa TR, Grabner AN, Rodrigues VM, da Silva SL, Zanchi FB, Zuliani JP, Fernandes CFC, Calderon LA, Stábeli RG, Soares AM. Snake venom L-amino acid oxidases: trends in pharmacology and biochemistry. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:196754. [PMID: 24738050 PMCID: PMC3971498 DOI: 10.1155/2014/196754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
L-amino acid oxidases are enzymes found in several organisms, including venoms of snakes, where they contribute to the toxicity of ophidian envenomation. Their toxicity is primarily due to enzymatic activity, but other mechanisms have been proposed recently which require further investigation. L-amino acid oxidases exert biological and pharmacological effects, including actions on platelet aggregation and the induction of apoptosis, hemorrhage, and cytotoxicity. These proteins present a high biotechnological potential for the development of antimicrobial, antitumor, and antiprotozoan agents. This review provides an overview of the biochemical properties and pharmacological effects of snake venom L-amino acid oxidases, their structure/activity relationship, and supposed mechanisms of action described so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Fernando M. Izidoro
- Faculdade de Ciências Integradas do Pontal e Departamento de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana C. Sobrinho
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde, (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia e Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Mirian M. Mendes
- Faculdade de Ciências Integradas do Pontal e Departamento de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Tássia R. Costa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Amy N. Grabner
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde, (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia e Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Veridiana M. Rodrigues
- Faculdade de Ciências Integradas do Pontal e Departamento de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Saulo L. da Silva
- Departamento de Química, Biotecnologia e Engenharia de Bioprocessos, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei (UFSJ), Campus Altoparaopeba, Ouro Branco, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernando B. Zanchi
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde, (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia e Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Juliana P. Zuliani
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde, (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia e Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Carla F. C. Fernandes
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde, (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia e Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A. Calderon
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde, (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia e Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo G. Stábeli
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde, (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia e Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Andreimar M. Soares
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde, (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia e Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
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Lee ML, Fung SY, Chung I, Pailoor J, Cheah SH, Tan NH. King cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) venom L-amino acid oxidase induces apoptosis in PC-3 cells and suppresses PC-3 solid tumor growth in a tumor xenograft mouse model. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:593-601. [PMID: 24782648 PMCID: PMC4003544 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.8096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
King cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) venom L-amino acid oxidase (OH-LAAO), a heat stable enzyme, has been shown to exhibit very potent anti-proliferative activity against human breast and lung tumorigenic cells but not in their non-tumorigenic counterparts. We further examine its in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity in a human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) model. OH-LAAO demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against PC-3 cells with IC50 of 0.05 µg/mL after 72 h incubation in vitro. It induced apoptosis as evidenced with an increase in caspase-3/7 cleavages and an increase in annexin V-stained cells. To examine its in vivo anti-tumor activity, we treated PC-3 tumor xenograft implanted subcutaneously in immunodeficient NU/NU (nude) mice with 1 µg/g OH-LAAO given intraperitoneally (i.p.). After 8 weeks of treatment, OH-LAAO treated PC-3 tumors were markedly inhibited, when compared to the control group (P <0.05). TUNEL staining analysis on the tumor sections showed a significantly increase of apoptotic cells in the LAAO-treated animals. Histological examinations of the vital organs in these two groups showed no significant differences with normal tissues, indicating no obvious tissue damage. The treatment also did not cause any significant changes on the body weight of the mice during the duration of the study. These observations suggest that OH-LAAO cytotoxic effects may be specific to tumor xenografts and less to normal organs. Given its potent anti-tumor activities shown in vitro as well as in vivo, the king cobra venom LAAO can potentially be developed to treat prostate cancer and other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mui Li Lee
- 1. CENAR and Department of Molecular Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Swee Hung Cheah
- 4. Department of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Yu Z, Wang J, Zhou N, Zhao C, Qiu J. A highly sensitive method for quantitative determination of L-amino acid oxidase activity based on the visualization of ferric-xylenol orange formation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82483. [PMID: 24376540 PMCID: PMC3869696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) has important biological roles in many organisms, thus attracting great attention from researchers to establish its detection methods. In this study, a new quantitative in-gel determination of LAAO activity based on ferric-xylenol orange (Fe(III)XO) formation was established. This method showed that due to the conversion of Fe(II) to Fe(III) by H2O2 and subsequent formation of Fe(III)XO complex halo in agar medium, the logarithm of H2O2 concentration from 5 to 160 µM was linearly correlated to the diameter of purplish red Fe(III)XO halo. By extracting the LAAO-generated H2O2 concentration, the LAAO activity can be quantitatively determined. This Fe(III)XO agar assay is highly sensitive to detect H2O2 down to micromolar range. More importantly, it is easy to handle, cheap, reproducible, convenient and accurate. Coupled with SDS-PAGE, it can directly be used to determine the number and approximate molecular weight of LAAO in one assay. All these features make this in-gel Fe(III)XO assay useful and convenient as a general procedure for following enzyme purification, assaying fractions from a column, or observing changes in activity resulting from enzyme modifications, hence endowing this method with broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Yu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); (JQ)
| | - Ju Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuntian Zhao
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juanping Qiu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); (JQ)
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Li Lee M, Chung I, Yee Fung S, Kanthimathi M, Hong Tan N. Antiproliferative Activity of King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) Venoml-Amino Acid Oxidase. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 114:336-43. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mui Li Lee
- CENAR and Department of Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Ivy Chung
- Department of Pharmacology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Shin Yee Fung
- CENAR and Department of Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - M.S. Kanthimathi
- CENAR and Department of Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Nget Hong Tan
- CENAR and Department of Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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