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Xue Z, Sun XM, Chen C, Zhang XY, Chen XL, Zhang YZ, Fan SJ, Xu F. A Novel Alginate Lyase: Identification, Characterization, and Potential Application in Alginate Trisaccharide Preparation. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:159. [PMID: 35323458 PMCID: PMC8953905 DOI: 10.3390/md20030159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) have many biological activities and significant applications in prebiotics, nutritional supplements, and plant growth development. Alginate lyases have unique advantages in the preparation of AOS. However, only a limited number of alginate lyases have been so far reported to have potentials in the preparation of AOS with specific degrees of polymerization. Here, an alginate-degrading strain Pseudoalteromonasarctica M9 was isolated from Sargassum, and five alginate lyases were predicted in its genome. These putative alginate lyases were expressed and their degradation products towards sodium alginate were analyzed. Among them, AlyM2 mainly generated trisaccharides, which accounted for 79.9% in the products. AlyM2 is a PL6 lyase with low sequence identity (≤28.3%) to the characterized alginate lyases and may adopt a distinct catalytic mechanism from the other PL6 alginate lyases based on sequence alignment. AlyM2 is a bifunctional endotype lyase, exhibiting the highest activity at 30 °C, pH 8.0, and 0.5 M NaCl. AlyM2 predominantly produces trisaccharides from homopolymeric M block (PM), homopolymeric G block (PG), or sodium alginate, with a trisaccharide production of 588.4 mg/g from sodium alginate, indicating its promising potential in preparing trisaccharides from these polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Xue
- Life Science College, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; (Z.X.); (X.-M.S.); (C.C.); (Y.-Z.Z.)
| | - Xiao-Meng Sun
- Life Science College, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; (Z.X.); (X.-M.S.); (C.C.); (Y.-Z.Z.)
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (X.-Y.Z.); (X.-L.C.)
| | - Cui Chen
- Life Science College, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; (Z.X.); (X.-M.S.); (C.C.); (Y.-Z.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (X.-Y.Z.); (X.-L.C.)
| | - Xi-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (X.-Y.Z.); (X.-L.C.)
| | - Xiu-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (X.-Y.Z.); (X.-L.C.)
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- Life Science College, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; (Z.X.); (X.-M.S.); (C.C.); (Y.-Z.Z.)
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (X.-Y.Z.); (X.-L.C.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shou-Jin Fan
- Life Science College, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; (Z.X.); (X.-M.S.); (C.C.); (Y.-Z.Z.)
| | - Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (X.-Y.Z.); (X.-L.C.)
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Abstract
Alginate, which is mainly produced by brown algae and decomposed by heterotrophic bacteria, is an important marine organic carbon source. The genus Pseudoalteromonas contains diverse forms of heterotrophic bacteria that are widely distributed in marine environments and are an important group in alginate degradation. In this review, the diversity of alginate-degrading Pseudoalteromonas is introduced, and the characteristics of Pseudoalteromonas alginate lyases, including their sequences, enzymatic properties, structures, and catalytic mechanisms, and the synergistic effect of Pseudoalteromonas alginate lyases on alginate degradation are introduced. The acquisition of the alginate degradation capacity and the alginate utilization pathways of Pseudoalteromonas are also introduced. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of alginate degradation by Pseudoalteromonas, which will contribute to the understanding of the degradation and recycling of marine algal polysaccharides driven by marine bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian-Qian Cha
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiu-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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McGuire BE, Hettle AG, Vickers C, King DT, Vocadlo DJ, Boraston AB. The structure of a family 110 glycoside hydrolase provides insight into the hydrolysis of α-1,3-galactosidic linkages in λ-carrageenan and blood group antigens. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:18426-18435. [PMID: 33127644 PMCID: PMC7939477 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Linked galactose is a common carbohydrate motif in nature that is processed by a variety of glycoside hydrolases from different families. Terminal Galα1-3Gal motifs are found as a defining feature of different blood group and tissue antigens, as well as the building block of the marine algal galactan λ-carrageenan. The blood group B antigen and linear α-Gal epitope can be processed by glycoside hydrolases in family GH110, whereas the presence of genes encoding GH110 enzymes in polysaccharide utilization loci from marine bacteria suggests a role in processing λ-carrageenan. However, the structure-function relationships underpinning the α-1,3-galactosidase activity within family GH110 remain unknown. Here we focus on a GH110 enzyme (PdGH110B) from the carrageenolytic marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas distincta U2A. We showed that the enzyme was active on Galα1-3Gal but not the blood group B antigen. X-ray crystal structures in complex with galactose and unhydrolyzed Galα1-3Gal revealed the parallel β-helix fold of the enzyme and the structural basis of its inverting catalytic mechanism. Moreover, an examination of the active site reveals likely adaptations that allow accommodation of fucose in blood group B active GH110 enzymes or, in the case of PdGH110, accommodation of the sulfate groups found on λ-carrageenan. Overall, this work provides insight into the first member of a predominantly marine clade of GH110 enzymes while also illuminating the structural basis of α-1,3-galactoside processing by the family as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey E McGuire
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew G Hettle
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chelsea Vickers
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dustin T King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David J Vocadlo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alisdair B Boraston
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
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Qu X, Ding B, Li J, Liang M, Du L, Wei Y, Huang R, Pang H. Characterization of a GH3 halophilic β-glucosidase from Pseudoalteromonas and its NaCl-induced activity toward isoflavones. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1392-1398. [PMID: 32763400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel β-glucosidase gene was isolated from Pseudoalteromonas sp. GXQ-1 and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. The activity of the encoded enzyme, PABGL, toward p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside was increased 8.74-fold by the presence of 3 M NaCl relative to the absence of added NaCl. PABGL hydrolyzed a variety of soy isoflavone substrates. For the conversion of daidzin to daidzein, the production rate was 1.44 mM/h. The addition of NaCl enhanced the hydrolytic activity of PABGL toward daidzin and genistein; the maximum activation by NaCl was 3.48- and 6.79-fold, respectively. This is the first report of a halophilic β-glucosidase from Pseudoalteromonas spp., and represents the β-glucosidase with the highest multiple of activation by NaCl. PABGL exhibits strong potential for applications in food processing and industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Microorganism and Enzyme Research Center of Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Bo Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Microorganism and Enzyme Research Center of Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Microorganism and Enzyme Research Center of Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Meng Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Microorganism and Enzyme Research Center of Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Liqin Du
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Microorganism and Enzyme Research Center of Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Yutuo Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Microorganism and Enzyme Research Center of Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ribo Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Microorganism and Enzyme Research Center of Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hao Pang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-refinery, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Bio-refinery, State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China.
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Lakshmi SA, Shafreen RB, Priyanga A, Shiburaj S, Pandian SK. A highly divergent α-amylase from Streptomyces spp.: An evolutionary perspective. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:2415-2428. [PMID: 32961188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study deals with the genetic changes observed in the protein sequence of an α-amylase from Streptomyces spp. and its structural homologs from Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis, invertebrates and mammals. The structural homologs are renowned for their important features such as chloride binding triad and a serine-protease like catalytic triad (a triad which is reported to be strictly conserved in all chloride-dependent α-amylases). These conserved regions are essential for allosteric activation of enzyme and conformational stability, respectively. An evaluation of these distinctive features in Streptomyces α-amylases revealed the role of mutations in conserved regions and evolution of chloride-independent α-amylases in Streptomyces spp. Besides, the study also discovers a highly divergent α-amylase from Streptomyces spp. which varies greatly even within the homologs of the same genus. Another very important feature is the number of disulfide bridges in which the structural homologs own eight Cys residues to form four disulfide bridges whereas Streptomyces α-amylases possess only seven Cys to form three disulfide bridges. The study also highlights the unique evolution of carbohydrate binding module 20 domain (CBM20 also known as raw starch binding domain or E domain) in Streptomyces α-amylases which is completely absent in α-amylases of other structural homologs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Alagu Lakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Appasamy Priyanga
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sugathan Shiburaj
- Division of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695562, India; Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695581, India
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Abstract
The existence of temperature optima in enzyme catalysis that occur before protein melting sets in can be described by different types of kinetic models. Such optima cause distinctly curved Arrhenius plots and have, for example, been observed in several cold-adapted enzymes from psychrophilic species. The two main explanations proposed for this behavior either invoke conformational equilibria with inactive substrate-bound states or postulate differences in heat capacity between the reactant and transition states. Herein, we analyze the implications of the different types of kinetic models in terms of apparent activation enthalpies, entropies, and heat capacities, using the catalytic reaction of a cold-adapted α-amylase as a prototypic example. We show that the behavior of these thermodynamic activation parameters is fundamentally different between equilibrium and heat capacity models, and in the α-amylase case, computer simulations have shown the former model to be correct. A few other enzyme-catalyzed reactions are also discussed in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Åqvist
- Department of Cell &
Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jaka Sočan
- Department of Cell &
Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Miha Purg
- Department of Cell &
Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
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Pluvinage B, Robb CS, Jeffries R, Boraston AB. The structure of PfGH50B, an agarase from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas fuliginea PS47. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2020; 76:422-427. [PMID: 32880590 PMCID: PMC7470041 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x20010328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently identified marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas fuliginea sp. PS47 possesses a polysaccharide-utilization locus dedicated to agarose degradation. In particular, it contains a gene (locus tag EU509_06755) encoding a β-agarase that belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 50 (GH50), PfGH50B. The 2.0 Å resolution X-ray crystal structure of PfGH50B reveals a rare complex multidomain fold that was found in two of the three previously determined GH50 structures. The structure comprises an N-terminal domain with a carbohydrate-binding module (CBM)-like fold fused to a C-terminal domain by a rigid linker. The CBM-like domain appears to function by extending the catalytic groove of the enzyme. Furthermore, the PfGH50B structure highlights key structural features in the mobile loops that may function to restrict the degree of polymerization of the neoagaro-oligosaccharide products and the enzyme processivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Pluvinage
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Craig S. Robb
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Life Sciences Centre, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Roderick Jeffries
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Alisdair B. Boraston
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
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Abstract
Cold-adapted enzymes from psychrophilic species show the general characteristics of being more heat labile, and having a different balance between enthalpic and entropic contributions to free energy barrier of the catalyzed reaction compared to mesophilic orthologs. Among cold-adapted enzymes, there are also examples that show an enigmatic inactivation at higher temperatures before unfolding of the protein occurs. Here, we analyze these phenomena by extensive computer simulations of the catalytic reactions of psychrophilic and mesophilic α-amylases. The calculations yield temperature dependent reaction rates in good agreement with experiment, and also elicit the anomalous rate optimum for the cold-adapted enzyme, which occurs about 15 °C below the melting point. This result allows us to examine the structural basis of thermal inactivation, which turns out to be caused by breaking of a specific enzyme-substrate interaction. This type of behaviour is also likely to be relevant for other enzymes displaying such anomalous temperature optima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaka Sočan
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Box 596, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Miha Purg
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Box 596, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Åqvist
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Box 596, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Zhang YH, Shao Y, Jiao C, Yang QM, Weng HF, Xiao AF. Characterization and Application of an Alginate Lyase, Aly1281 from Marine Bacterium Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora ASY5. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E95. [PMID: 32023889 PMCID: PMC7073683 DOI: 10.3390/md18020095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate extracted from widely cultured brown seaweed can be hydrolyzed by alginate lyase to produce alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) with intriguing biological activities. Herein, a novel alginate lyase Aly1281 was cloned from marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora ASY5 isolated from mangrove soil and found to belong to polysaccharide lyase family 7. Aly1281 exhibited maximum activity at pH 8.0 and 50 °C and have broad substrate specificity for polyguluronate and polymannuronate. Compared with other alginate lyases, Aly1281 exhibited high degradation specificity and mainly produced di-alginate oligosaccharides which displayed good antioxidant function to reduce ferric and scavenge radicals such as hydroxyl, ABTS+ and DPPH. Moreover, the catalytic activity and kinetic performance of Aly1281 were highly improved with the addition of salt, demonstrating a salt-activation property. A putative conformational structural feature of Aly1281 was found by MD simulation analysis for understanding the salt-activation effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hui Zhang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.-H.Z.); (Y.S.); (C.J.); (Q.-M.Y.); (H.-F.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yuan Shao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.-H.Z.); (Y.S.); (C.J.); (Q.-M.Y.); (H.-F.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Chao Jiao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.-H.Z.); (Y.S.); (C.J.); (Q.-M.Y.); (H.-F.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qiu-Ming Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.-H.Z.); (Y.S.); (C.J.); (Q.-M.Y.); (H.-F.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hui-Fen Weng
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.-H.Z.); (Y.S.); (C.J.); (Q.-M.Y.); (H.-F.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - An-Feng Xiao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.-H.Z.); (Y.S.); (C.J.); (Q.-M.Y.); (H.-F.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
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Li A, Luo H, Hu T, Huang J, Alam NU, Meng Y, Meng F, Korkor NL, Hu X, Li O. Screening and enzymatic activity of high-efficiency gellan lyase producing bacteria Pseudoalteromonas hodoensis PE1. Bioengineered 2019; 10:240-249. [PMID: 31181994 PMCID: PMC6592359 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2019.1628882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gellan is a widely used microbial polysaccharide and one of the more effective ways to expand its application value would be to investigate the mechanism of gellan lyase and to produce gellan oligosaccharide. In this study, efficient gellan degrading bacteria were screened. One of the strains with high efficient gellan degradation capacity was labeled PE1. Through physiological and biochemical analysis of 16S rDNA, the species was identified as Pseudoalteromonas hodoensis. The optimum conditions for enzymatic activity and how it was affected by metal ions were determined, and the results showed that the lyase activities were much higher than those of previously reported (about 20 times). The gellan degradation products were determined by thin-layer chromatography and the oligosaccharides were determined by high-efficiency liquid chromatography to analyze the action site of lyase. This study laid a solid foundation which elucidates the production and application of gellan oligosaccharides. Research highlights ● High efficiency gellan lyase producing bacteria ● Optimization of reaction conditions for gellan degradation ● Oligosaccharides were detected by TLC and HPLC to speculate the lyase action sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangqi Luo
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Huang
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nafee-Ul Alam
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fenbin Meng
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nartey Linda Korkor
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiufang Hu
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ou Li
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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Liu D, Huang J, Wu C, Liu C, Huang R, Wang W, Yin T, Yan X, He H, Chen L. Purification, Characterization, and Application for Preparation of Antioxidant Peptides of Extracellular Protease from Pseudoalteromonas sp. H2. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183373. [PMID: 31527535 PMCID: PMC6766936 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The study reported on the isolation of a metalloprotease named EH2 from Pseudoalteromonas sp. H2. EH2 maintained more than 80% activity over a wide pH range of 5–10, and the stability was also nearly independent of pH. Over 65% activity was detected at a wide temperature range of 20–70 °C. The high stability of the protease in the presence of different surfactants and oxidizing agents was also observed. Moreover, we also investigated the antioxidant activities of the hydrolysates generated from porcine and salmon skin collagen by EH2. The results showed that salmon skin collagen hydrolysates demonstrated higher DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) (42.88% ± 1.85) and hydroxyl radical (61.83% ± 3.05) scavenging activity than porcine skin collagen. For oxygen radical absorbance capacity, the hydrolysates from porcine skin collagen had higher efficiency (7.72 ± 0.13 μmol·TE/μmol). Even 1 nM mixed peptides could effectively reduce the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species. The two types of substrates exerted the best antioxidant activity when hydrolyzed for 3 h. The hydrolysis time and type of substrate exerted important effects on the antioxidant properties of hydrolysates. The hydrolyzed peptides from meat collagens by proteases have good antioxidant activity, which may have implications for the potential application of marine proteases in the biocatalysis industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jiafeng Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Cuiling Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Congling Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ran Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Weng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Tingting Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiaotao Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hailun He
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Leilei Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.
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12
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Ray S, Vigouroux J, Bouder A, Francin Allami M, Geairon A, Fanuel M, Ropartz D, Helbert W, Lahaye M, Bonnin E. Functional exploration of Pseudoalteromonas atlantica as a source of hemicellulose-active enzymes: Evidence for a GH8 xylanase with unusual mode of action. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 127:6-16. [PMID: 31088618 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To address the need for efficient enzymes exhibiting novel activities towards cell wall polysaccharides, the bacterium Pseudoalteromonas atlantica was selected based on the presence of potential hemicellulases in its annotated genome. It was grown in the presence or not of hemicelluloses and the culture filtrates were screened towards 42 polysaccharides. P. atlantica showed appreciable diversity of enzymes active towards hemicelluloses from Monocot and Dicot origin, in agreement with its genome annotation. After growth on beechwood glucuronoxylan and fractionation of the secretome, a β-xylosidase, a α-arabinofuranosidase and an acetylesterase activities were evidenced. A GH8 enzyme obtained in the same growth conditions was further cloned and heterologously overexpressed. It was shown to be a xylanase active on heteroxylans from various sources. The detailed study of its mode of action demonstrated that the oligosaccharides produced carried a long tail of un-substituted xylose residues on the reducing end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayani Ray
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères - Interactions - Assemblages, 44 316 Nantes, France; Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, 713104 West Bengal, India
| | | | - Axelle Bouder
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères - Interactions - Assemblages, 44 316 Nantes, France
| | | | - Audrey Geairon
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères - Interactions - Assemblages, 44 316 Nantes, France
| | - Mathieu Fanuel
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères - Interactions - Assemblages, 44 316 Nantes, France
| | - David Ropartz
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères - Interactions - Assemblages, 44 316 Nantes, France
| | - William Helbert
- CERMAV-CNRS, 601 rue de la Chimie, BP53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Marc Lahaye
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères - Interactions - Assemblages, 44 316 Nantes, France
| | - Estelle Bonnin
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères - Interactions - Assemblages, 44 316 Nantes, France.
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13
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Mitsuya D, Sugiyama T, Zhang S, Takeuchi Y, Okai M, Urano N, Ishida M. Enzymatic properties and the gene structure of a cold-adapted laminarinase from Pseudoalteromonas species LA. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 126:169-175. [PMID: 29627318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We isolated a laminarin-degrading cold-adapted bacterium strain LA from coastal seawater in Sagami Bay, Japan and identified it as a Pseudoalteromonas species. We named the extracellular laminarinase LA-Lam, and purified and characterized it. LA-Lam showed high degradation activity for Laminaria digitata laminarin in the ranges of 15-50°C and pH 5.0-9.0. The major terminal products degraded from L. digitata laminarin with LA-Lam were glucose, laminaribiose, and laminaritriose. The degradation profile of laminarioligosaccharides with LA-Lam suggested that the enzyme has a high substrate binding ability toward tetrameric or larger saccharides. Our results of the gene sequence and the SDS-PAGE analyses revealed that the major part of mature LA-Lam is a catalytic domain that belongs to the GH16 family, although its precursor is composed of a signal peptide, the catalytic domain, and three-repeated unknown regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Mitsuya
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Takuya Sugiyama
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Yo Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Masahiko Okai
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Naoto Urano
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Masami Ishida
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
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14
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Matard-Mann M, Bernard T, Leroux C, Barbeyron T, Larocque R, Préchoux A, Jeudy A, Jam M, Nyvall Collén P, Michel G, Czjzek M. Structural insights into marine carbohydrate degradation by family GH16 κ-carrageenases. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:19919-19934. [PMID: 29030427 PMCID: PMC5712629 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.808279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Carrageenans are sulfated α-1,3-β-1,4-galactans found in the cell wall of some red algae that are practically valuable for their gelation and biomimetic properties but also serve as a potential carbon source for marine bacteria. Carbohydrate degradation has been studied extensively for terrestrial plant/bacterial systems, but sulfation is not present in these cases, meaning the marine enzymes used to degrade carrageenans must possess unique features to recognize these modifications. To gain insights into these features, we have focused on κ-carrageenases from two distant bacterial phyla, which belong to glycoside hydrolase family 16 and cleave the β-1,4 linkage of κ-carrageenan. We have solved the crystal structure of the catalytic module of ZgCgkA from Zobellia galactanivorans at 1.66 Å resolution and compared it with the only other structure available, that of PcCgkA from Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora 9T (ATCC 43555T). We also describe the first substrate complex in the inactivated mutant form of PcCgkA at 1.7 Å resolution. The structural and biochemical comparison of these enzymes suggests key determinants that underlie the functional properties of this subfamily. In particular, we identified several arginine residues that interact with the polyanionic substrate, and confirmed the functional relevance of these amino acids using a targeted mutagenesis strategy. These results give new insight into the diversity of the κ-carrageenase subfamily. The phylogenetic analyses show the presence of several distinct clades of enzymes that relate to differences in modes of action or subtle differences within the same substrate specificity, matching the hybrid character of the κ-carrageenan polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Matard-Mann
- From the Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074 Roscoff, Bretagne, France
- Amadéite SAS, "Pôle Biotechnologique" du Haut du Bois, 56580 Bréhan, France
| | - Thomas Bernard
- the Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Unité Mixed de Recherche 6098, CNRS, Universités Aix-Marseille I and II, Case 932, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Cédric Leroux
- the Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, FR 2424, Station Biologique de Roscoff, F-29682 Roscoff, Bretagne, France, and
| | - Tristan Barbeyron
- From the Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074 Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Robert Larocque
- From the Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074 Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Aurélie Préchoux
- From the Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074 Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Alexandra Jeudy
- the Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, FR 2424, Station Biologique de Roscoff, F-29682 Roscoff, Bretagne, France, and
| | - Murielle Jam
- From the Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074 Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Pi Nyvall Collén
- Amadéite SAS, "Pôle Biotechnologique" du Haut du Bois, 56580 Bréhan, France
| | - Gurvan Michel
- From the Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074 Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Mirjam Czjzek
- From the Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074 Roscoff, Bretagne, France,
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15
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de Rond T, Stow P, Eigl I, Johnson RE, Chan LJG, Goyal G, Baidoo EEK, Hillson NJ, Petzold CJ, Sarpong R, Keasling JD. Oxidative cyclization of prodigiosin by an alkylglycerol monooxygenase-like enzyme. Nat Chem Biol 2017; 13:1155-1157. [PMID: 28892091 PMCID: PMC5677514 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Prodiginines, which are tripyrrole alkaloids displaying a wide array of bioactivities, occur as linear and cyclic congeners. Identification of an unclustered biosynthetic gene led to the discovery of the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the regiospecific C-H activation and cyclization of prodigiosin to cycloprodigiosin in Pseudoalteromonas rubra. This enzyme is related to alkylglycerol monooxygenase and unrelated to RedG, the Rieske oxygenase that produces cyclized prodiginines in Streptomyces, implying convergent evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan de Rond
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Parker Stow
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Ian Eigl
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Rebecca E Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Leanne Jade G Chan
- DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Garima Goyal
- DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Edward E K Baidoo
- DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Nathan J Hillson
- DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, USA
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA
| | - Christopher J Petzold
- DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jay D Keasling
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Hørsholm, Denmark
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16
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Borchert E, Knobloch S, Dwyer E, Flynn S, Jackson SA, Jóhannsson R, Marteinsson VT, O'Gara F, Dobson ADW. Biotechnological Potential of Cold Adapted Pseudoalteromonas spp. Isolated from 'Deep Sea' Sponges. Mar Drugs 2017. [PMID: 28629190 PMCID: PMC5484134 DOI: 10.3390/md15060184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine genus Pseudoalteromonas is known for its versatile biotechnological potential with respect to the production of antimicrobials and enzymes of industrial interest. We have sequenced the genomes of three Pseudoalteromonas sp. strains isolated from different deep sea sponges on the Illumina MiSeq platform. The isolates have been screened for various industrially important enzymes and comparative genomics has been applied to investigate potential relationships between the isolates and their host organisms, while comparing them to free-living Pseudoalteromonas spp. from shallow and deep sea environments. The genomes of the sponge associated Pseudoalteromonas strains contained much lower levels of potential eukaryotic-like proteins which are known to be enriched in symbiotic sponge associated microorganisms, than might be expected for true sponge symbionts. While all the Pseudoalteromonas shared a large distinct subset of genes, nonetheless the number of unique and accessory genes is quite large and defines the pan-genome as open. Enzymatic screens indicate that a vast array of enzyme activities is expressed by the isolates, including β-galactosidase, β-glucosidase, and protease activities. A β-glucosidase gene from one of the Pseudoalteromonas isolates, strain EB27 was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli and, following biochemical characterization, the recombinant enzyme was found to be cold-adapted, thermolabile, halotolerant, and alkaline active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Borchert
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
| | - Stephen Knobloch
- Department of Research and Innovation, Matís ohf., Reykjavik 113, Iceland.
| | - Emilie Dwyer
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
| | - Sinéad Flynn
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
| | - Stephen A Jackson
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
| | - Ragnar Jóhannsson
- Department of Research and Innovation, Matís ohf., Reykjavik 113, Iceland.
| | | | - Fergal O'Gara
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
- Biomerit Research Centre, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth 6102, WA, Australia.
| | - Alan D W Dobson
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
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17
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Dang HT, Komatsu S, Masuda H, Enomoto K. Characterization of LuxI and LuxR Protein Homologs of N-Acylhomoserine Lactone-Dependent Quorum Sensing System in Pseudoalteromonas sp. 520P1. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2017; 19:1-10. [PMID: 28083715 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-016-9726-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoalteromonas sp. 520P1 (hereafter referred to as strain 520P1) produces N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs), which serve as signaling molecules in Gram-negative bacterial quorum sensing. In a previous genomic analysis of the 5.25-Mb genome of strain 520P1, we detected the presence of at least one homolog of the AHL synthase gene (luxI) and five homologs of the transcriptional regulator protein gene (luxR). The LuxI homolog of strain 520P1 (PalI) contained the conserved amino acid motifs shared by all the LuxI family proteins of the different species examined here. The palI gene expressed in Escherichia coli produced two types of AHLs. In the thin-layer chromatography analysis, these AHLs showed identical mobility to the AHLs produced by strain 520P1. The five LuxR homologs of strain 520P1 (PalR1-PalR5) shared only 17-34% amino acid sequence identity, although higher identities were observed in the C-terminal DNA-binding domain. Among the five PalRs, only PalR5 displayed close homology with LuxR family proteins from other Pseudoalteromonas strains. Notably, the palR3 and palI genes were located close together and only 1021 bases apart in the genome. No cognate luxI homolog associated with the four other palR genes was detected. These characteristics of PalI and the PalRs suggest that AHL autoinducers generated by the PalI enzyme might regulate cellular metabolism in cooperation with five transcriptional regulator PalRs, each of which is presumed to play a distinctive role in bacterial signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Tran Dang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi, 782-8502, Japan
| | - Shinya Komatsu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi, 782-8502, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Masuda
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi, 782-8502, Japan
| | - Keiichi Enomoto
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi, 782-8502, Japan.
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18
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Paulsen SS, Andersen B, Gram L, Machado H. Biological Potential of Chitinolytic Marine Bacteria. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14120230. [PMID: 27999269 PMCID: PMC5192467 DOI: 10.3390/md14120230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitinolytic microorganisms secrete a range of chitin modifying enzymes, which can be exploited for production of chitin derived products or as fungal or pest control agents. Here, we explored the potential of 11 marine bacteria (Pseudoalteromonadaceae, Vibrionaceae) for chitin degradation using in silico and phenotypic assays. Of 10 chitinolytic strains, three strains, Photobacterium galatheae S2753, Pseudoalteromonas piscicida S2040 and S2724, produced large clearing zones on chitin plates. All strains were antifungal, but against different fungal targets. One strain, Pseudoalteromonas piscicida S2040, had a pronounced antifungal activity against all seven fungal strains. There was no correlation between the number of chitin modifying enzymes as found by genome mining and the chitin degrading activity as measured by size of clearing zones on chitin agar. Based on in silico and in vitro analyses, we cloned and expressed two ChiA-like chitinases from the two most potent candidates to exemplify the industrial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Skøtt Paulsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Birgitte Andersen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Lone Gram
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Henrique Machado
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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19
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Yang J, Yu Y, Tang BL, Zhong S, Shi M, Xie BB, Zhang XY, Zhou BC, Zhang YZ, Chen XL. Pilot-Scale Production and Thermostability Improvement of the M23 Protease Pseudoalterin from the Deep Sea Bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. CF6-2. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111567. [PMID: 27869696 PMCID: PMC6273387 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudoalterin is the most abundant protease secreted by the marine sedimental bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. CF6-2 and is a novel cold-adapted metalloprotease of the M23 family. Proteases of the M23 family have high activity towards peptidoglycan and elastin, suggesting their promising biomedical and biotechnological potentials. To lower the fermentive cost and improve the pseudoalterin production of CF6-2, we optimized the fermentation medium by using single factor experiments, added 0.5% sucrose as a carbon source, and lowered the usage of artery powder from 1.2% to 0.6%. In the optimized medium, pseudoalterin production reached 161.15 ± 3.08 U/mL, 61% greater than that before optimization. We further conducted a small-scale fermentation experiment in a 5-L fermenter and a pilot-scale fermentation experiment in a 50-L fermenter. Pseudoalterin production during pilot-scale fermentation reached 103.48 ± 8.64 U/mL, 77% greater than that before the medium was optimized. In addition, through single factor experiments and orthogonal tests, we developed a compound stabilizer for pseudoalterin, using medically safe sugars and polyols. This stabilizer showed a significant protective effect for pseudoalterin against enzymatic thermal denaturation. These results lay a solid foundation for the industrial production of pseudoalterin and the development of its biomedical and biotechnological potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Bai-Lu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Shuai Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Mei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Bin-Bin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Xi-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Bai-Cheng Zhou
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Xiu-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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20
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Wu C, Liu D, Yang X, Wu R, Zhang J, Huang J, He H. Improving Production of Protease from Pseudoalteromonas sp. CSN423 by Random Mutagenesis. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2016; 18:610-618. [PMID: 27752851 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-016-9721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoalteromonas sp. CSN423, a marine strain, can express a major protease designated as E423 and it was secreted into the supernatant. To improve the protease E423 yield, Pseudoalteromonas sp. CSN423 was subjected to mutagenesis using UV irradiation. Mutant strain with 5.1-fold higher protease yield was isolated and named as Pseudoalteromonas sp. CSN423-M. Three protease bands were detected by zymography with casein as substrate, and results of mass spectrometry (MS) showed that two lower molecular weight protein bands were the same protease but with different mature forms. The entire protease operon was sequenced and no mutation was found. Mutant strain-associated changes of expression levels of protease synthesis and secretion-related genes were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Mutant strain had higher expression of e423 than wild-type strain. Such result was consistent with protease activity profiles. Moreover, the mutant strain had higher transcriptional levels of citrate synthase (cs), α-ketoglutarate decarboxylase (kgd), cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (coxI), tolC, hlyD (membrane protein), luxR3, luxO, and luxT (transcriptional regulator). However, hexokinase (hk), pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 (pd-e1), epsD (membrane protein), and luxR1 remained unchanged, and luxR2 decreased sharply in the mutant. These results suggested that the redox pathway was promoted in the mutant strain, and LuxR family transcriptional regulators in Pseudoalteromonas spp. may play some role in regulating protease expression. Meanwhile, the secretion of extracellular protease was closely related to ABC transport system. These results may shed some light on the molecular mechanism underlying higher yield of protease E423 from Pseudoalteromonas sp. CSN423-M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiling Wu
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xinghao Yang
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Ribang Wu
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jiafeng Huang
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Hailun He
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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21
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Liu X, Li J, Hou X, He P. [Expression and characterization of the agarase gene aga3311 from an Antarctic bacterium]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2016; 56:1468-1476. [PMID: 29738219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The complete genome of the agarolytic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ21 from Antarctic sample was analyzed by bioinformatics methods and putative agarase aga3311was screened. Expression and characterization of the putative agarase aga3311 were studied. METHODS Gene aga3311 was cloned and expressed by genetic engineering method firstly; then, the recombinant enzyme was purified by Ni-NTA chromatography and the characterization of recombinant enzyme was determined by dinitrosalicylic acid method; the hydrolysis product of recombinant enzyme Aga3311 was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and mass spectrometry (MS). RESULTS The recombinant expression vectors (pET-30(a)+aga3311) was overexpressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) and 30% of the recombinant protein was soluble. The purified agarase (Aga3311) revealed a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with an apparent molecular weight of 87 kDa. The optimum temperature of the recombinant agarase was 35℃, and it maintained higher activity between 30 and 45℃, but the activity declined rapidly above 50℃, typical of thermal instability enzyme. The optimum pH was 7.0, and it maintained 50% of its maximum activity between pH 4 and 10. Aga3311 was significantly activated by Fe3+, Be2+, Zn2+ and Ca2+, especially Ca2+ doubled the enzyme activity. The pattern of agar hydrolysis of Aga3311 is an exo-β-agarase, producing neoagarobiose (NA2) as the final main product. CONCLUSION Aga3311 is an exo-β-agarase of Glyco_hydro_42 family, producing neoagarobiose (NA2) as the final main product.
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Leys S, Pauly A, Delcour JA, Courtin CM. Modification of the Secondary Binding Site of Xylanases Illustrates the Impact of Substrate Selectivity on Bread Making. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:5400-5409. [PMID: 27282886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the importance of substrate selectivity for xylanase functionality in bread making, the secondary binding site (SBS) of xylanases from Bacillus subtilis (XBS) and Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis was modified. This resulted in two xylanases with increased relative activity toward water-unextractable wheat arabinoxylan (WU-AX) compared to water-extractable wheat arabinoxylan, i.e., an increased substrate selectivity, without changing other biochemical properties. Addition of both modified xylanases in bread making resulted in increased loaf volumes compared to the wild types when using weak flour. Moreover, maximal volume increase was reached at a lower dosage of the mutant compared to wild-type XBS. The modified xylanases were able to solubilize more WU-AX and decreased the average degree of polymerization of soluble arabinoxylan in dough more during fermentation. This possibly allowed for additional water release, which might be responsible for increased loaf volumes. Altered SBS functionality and, as a result, enhanced substrate selectivity most probably caused these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Leys
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry & Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anneleen Pauly
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry & Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan A Delcour
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry & Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe M Courtin
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry & Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Golotin VA, Balabanova LA, Noskova YA, Slepchenko LV, Bakunina IY, Vorobieva NS, Terenteva NA, Rasskazov VA. Optimization of cold-adapted alpha-galactosidase expression in Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 2016; 123:14-8. [PMID: 27033343 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
α-Galactosidase (α-PsGal) of the cold-adapted marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. KMM 701 was cloned into the pET-40b(+) vector to study its properties and to develop an effective method for modifying human B-erythrocytes into O-blood group. The use of heat-shock as a pre-induction treatment, IPTG concentration of 0.2 mM and post-induction cultivation at 18 °C for 20 h in the developed MX-medium allowed increasing the recombinant Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3)/40Gal strain productivity up to 30 times and the total soluble α-PsGal yield up to 40 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Golotin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia; Far-Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - L A Balabanova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia; Far-Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Yu A Noskova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - L V Slepchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - I Yu Bakunina
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia
| | | | - N A Terenteva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - V A Rasskazov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia
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24
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Vijayaraghavan P, Prakash Vincent SG, Dhillon GS. Solid-substrate bioprocessing of cow dung for the production of carboxymethyl cellulase by Bacillus halodurans IND18. Waste Manag 2016; 48:513-520. [PMID: 26459187 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The production of carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) by Bacillus halodurans IND18 under solid substrate fermentation (SSF) using cow dung was optimized through two level full factorial design and second order response surface methodology (RSM). The central composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize the vital fermentation parameters, such as pH of the substrate, concentration of nitrogen source (peptone) and ion (sodium dihydrogen phosphate) sources in medium for achieving higher enzyme production. The optimum medium composition was found to be 1.46% (w/w) peptone, 0.095% (w/w) sodium dihydrogen phosphate and pH 8.0. The model prediction of 4210IU/g enzyme activity at optimum conditions was verified experimentally as 4140IU/g. The enzyme was active over a broad temperature range (40-60±1°C) and pH (7.0-9.0) with maximal activity at 60±1°C and pH 8.0. This study demonstrated the potential of cow dung as novel substrate for CMCase production.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Vijayaraghavan
- International Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam 629 502, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - S G Prakash Vincent
- International Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam 629 502, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G S Dhillon
- Professional Biologist (ASPB), Edmonton, AB T6E 2E3, Canada
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25
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Préchoux A, Genicot S, Rogniaux H, Helbert W. Enzyme-Assisted Preparation of Furcellaran-Like κ-/β-Carrageenan. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2016; 18:133-143. [PMID: 26585588 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Carrageenans are sulfated galactans that are widely used in industrial applications for their thickening and gelling properties, which vary according to the amount and distribution of ester sulfate groups along the galactan backbone. To determine and direct the sulfation of κ-carrageenan moieties, we purified an endo-κ-carrageenan sulfatase (Q15XH1 accession in UniprotKB) from Pseudoalteromonas atlantica T6c extracts. Based on sequence analyses and exploration of the genomic environment of Q15XH1, we discovered and characterized a second endo-κ-carrageenan sulfatase (Q15XG7 accession in UniprotKB). Both enzymes convert κ-carrageenan into a hybrid, furcellaran-like κ-/β-carrageenan. We compared the protein sequences of these two new κ-carrageenan sulfatases and that of a previously reported ι-carrageenan sulfatase with other predicted sulfatases in the P. atlantica genome, revealing the existence of additional new carrageenan sulfatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Préchoux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Sabine Genicot
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Hélène Rogniaux
- INRA, Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - William Helbert
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France.
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France.
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV, UPR-CNRS 5301), Affiliated with the Université Joseph Fourier (UJF), BP53, 38041, Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble (ICMG, FR-CNRS 2607), Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
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Li J, Hu Q, Li Y, Xu Y. Purification and characterization of cold-adapted beta-agarase from an Antarctic psychrophilic strain. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 46:683-90. [PMID: 26413048 PMCID: PMC4568857 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838246320131289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An extracellular β-agarase was purified from Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ21, a Psychrophilic agar-degrading bacterium isolated from Antarctic Prydz Bay sediments. The purified agarase (Aga21) revealed a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with an apparent molecular weight of 80 kDa. The optimum pH and temperature of the agarase were 8.0 and 30 °C, respectively. However, it maintained as much as 85% of the maximum activities at 10 °C. Significant activation of the agarase was observed in the presence of Mg(2+), Mn(2+), K(+); Ca(2+), Na(+), Ba(2+), Zn(2+), Cu(2+), Co(2+), Fe(2+), Sr(2+) and EDTA inhibited the enzyme activity. The enzymatic hydrolyzed product of agar was characterized as neoagarobiose. Furthermore, this work is the first evidence of cold-adapted agarase in Antarctic psychrophilic bacteria and these results indicate the potential for the Antarctic agarase as a catalyst in medicine, food and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances, The First Institute of
Oceanography, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiushi Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science &
Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuquan Li
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agriculture University,
Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agriculture University,
Qingdao, China
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27
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Yu Z, Wang J, Lin J, Zhao M, Qiu J. Exploring regulation genes involved in the expression of L-amino acid oxidase in Pseudoalteromonas sp. Rf-1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122741. [PMID: 25815733 PMCID: PMC4376890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) is believed to play important biological and ecological roles in marine niches, thus attracting increasing attention to understand the regulation mechanisms underlying its production. In this study, we investigated genes involved in LAAO production in marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. Rf-1 using transposon mutagenesis. Of more than 4,000 mutants screened, 15 mutants showed significant changes in LAAO activity. Desired transposon insertion was confirmed in 12 mutants, in which disrupted genes and corresponding functionswere identified. Analysis of LAAO activity and lao gene expression revealed that GntR family transcriptional regulator, methylase, non-ribosomal peptide synthetase, TonB-dependent heme-receptor family, Na+/H+ antiporter and related arsenite permease, N-acetyltransferase GCN5, Ketol-acid reductoisomerase and SAM-dependent methytransferase, and their coding genes may be involved in either upregulation or downregulation pathway at transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational and/or posttranslational level. The nhaD and sdmT genes were separately complemented into the corresponding mutants with abolished LAAO-activity. The complementation of either gene can restore LAAO activity and lao gene expression, demonstrating their regulatory role in LAAO biosynthesis. This study provides, for the first time, insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating LAAO production in Pseudoalteromonas sp. Rf-1, which is important to better understand biological and ecological roles of LAAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Yu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); (JQ)
| | - Ju Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jianxun Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York 10027, United States of America
| | - Minyan Zhao
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Juanping Qiu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); (JQ)
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28
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Xu C, Zhu Y, Ni H, Cai H, Li L, Xiao A. [Isolation, identification of a κ-carrageenase-producing bacterium and κ-Carrageenase characterization]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2015; 55:140-148. [PMID: 25958693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to screen and identify carrageenase-producing strain from mangrove soil leaf and to characterize produced carrageenase. METHODS The culture medium with κ-carrageenan as sole carbon source was used to isolate the strain exhibiting carrageenase activity. The isolated strain was identified by morphology observation and 16S rDNA sequencing. κ-carrageenase produced by Pseudoalteromonas sp. ASY5 was purified and characterized by DNS method. RESULTS A bacterial strain ASY5 with high carrageenase activity was isolated from mangrove soil humus, and was identified as Pseudoalteromonas sp. The molecular mass of the purifiedenzyme was estimated to be 30 kDa. The optimal temperature and pH of the enzyme were 60°C and 7.5, respectively. The enzyme was stabileat 50°C, and more stable between pH 7.0 and 9.0. The enzyme could convert κ-carrageenan. The Km and Vmax values of the enzyme for κ-carrageenan was 2.28 mg /mL and 147.06 μmol/(min · mg), respectively. The enzyme was significantly stimulated by Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+. The enzyme was inhibited strongly by Ag+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and SDS. CONCLUSION κ-carrageenase produced by Pseudoalteromonas sp. ASY5 was stable at high temperature and alkaline pH, with potential application in carrageenan oligosaccharides production.
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Kang DH, Hyeon JE, You SK, Kim SW, Han SO. Efficient enzymatic degradation process for hydrolysis activity of the Carrageenan from red algae in marine biomass. J Biotechnol 2014; 192 Pt A:108-13. [PMID: 25281802 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Carrageenan is a generic name for a family of polysaccharides obtained from certain species of red algae. New methods to produce useful cost-efficiently materials from red algae are needed to convert enzymatic processes into fermentable sugars. In this study, we constructed chimeric genes cCgkA and cCglA containing the catalytic domain of κ-carrageenase CgkA and λ-carrageenase CglA from Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora fused with a dockerin domain. Recombinant strains expressing the chimeric carrageenase resulted in a halo formation on the carrageenan plate by alcian blue staining. The recombinant cCgkA and cCglA were assembled with scaffoldin miniCbpA via cohesin and dockerin interaction. Carbohydrate binding module (CBM) in scaffoldin was used as a tag for cellulose affinity purification using cellulose as a support. The hydrolysis process was monitored by the amount of reducing sugar released from carrageenan. Interestingly, these results indicated that miniCbpA, cCgkA and cCglA assembled into a complex and that the dockerin-fused enzymes on the scaffoldin had synergistic activity in the degradation of carrageenan. The observed enhancement of activity by carrageenolytic complex was 3.1-fold-higher compared with the corresponding enzymes alone. Thus, the assemblies of advancement of active enzyme complexes will facilitate the commercial production of useful products from red algae biomass which represents inexpensive and sustainable feed-stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hee Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Hyeon
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Kyou You
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Wook Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ok Han
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea.
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Liu D, Yang X, Huang J, Wu R, Wu C, He H, Li H. In situ demonstration and characteristic analysis of the protease components from marine bacteria using substrate immersing zymography. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:489-501. [PMID: 25315385 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Zymography is a widely used technique for the study of proteolytic activities on the basis of protein substrate degradation. In this study, substrate immersing zymography was used in analyzing proteolysis of extracellular proteases. Instead of being added directly into a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gel, the substrates were added into the immersing solution after electrophoresis. Substrate immersing zymography could accurately determine the molecular weight of trypsin, and band intensities were linearly related to the amount of protease. The diversity of extracellular proteases produced by different marine bacteria was analyzed by substrate immersing zymography, and large variations of proteolysis were evidenced. The proteolytic activity of Pseudoalteromonas strains was more complicated than that of other strains. Five Pseudoalteromonas strains and five Vibrio strains were further analyzed by substrate immersing zymography with different substrates (casein and gelatin), and multiple caseinolytic and gelatinolytic profiles were detected. The extracellular proteolytic profiles of Pseudoalteromonas strains exhibited a large intraspecific variation. Molecular weight (Mw) of the main protease secreted by Vibrio was 35 kDa. Additionally, the time-related change trends of the activities of extracellular proteases produced by Pseudoalteromonas sp. SJN2 were analyzed by substrate immersing zymography. These results implied the potential application of substrate immersing zymography for the analysis of the diversity of bacterial extracellular proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Iwamoto Y, Hidaka H, Oda T, Muramatsu T. A Study of Tryptophan Fluorescence Quenching of Bifunctional Alginate Lyase from a Marine BacteriumPseudoalteromonassp. Strain No. 272 by Acrylamide. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 67:1990-2. [PMID: 14519987 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.67.1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescence quenching study of a sole tryptophan residue of a bifunctional alginate lyase from Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain No. 272 was done in the presence and absence of substrates, oligomeric guluronic and its C5 isomer mannuronic acid, by a Stern-Volmer plot with a quencher, acrylamide. N-Acetyltryptophanamide and reduced and carboxymethylated alginate lyase showed large quenching constants, on the other hand, the native enzyme had small constants regardless of the presence or absence of the substrates. The result suggests that the tryptophan residue is located in a buried region of the enzyme molecule, but is barely accessible to acrylamide, and that the residue is not masked by the substrates with various degrees of polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Iwamoto
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, Japan
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Xu X, Iwamoto Y, Kitamura Y, Oda T, Muramatsu T. Root Growth-promoting Activity of Unsaturated Oligomeric Uronates from Alginate on Carrot and Rice Plants. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 67:2022-5. [PMID: 14519996 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.67.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The root elongation activity of unsaturated oligomeric uronates from alginate on carrot and rice plants was investigated. Unsaturated oligomeric uronates were prepared by digesting polymannuronate (PM) and polyguluronate (PG) with an alginate lyase purified from Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain No. 272. The root elongation activity was measured by elongation in length of carrot- and rice-excised root incubated in the B5-medium containing 0.8% agar in the dark. PM and PG showed no activity, but the enzymatic digestion mixtures of PG had promoting activity on roots of both plants at a final concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. The maximum activity was obtained at 0.75 mg/ml. The dependence of activity on degree of polymerization of the uronates was tested and the pentamer was most active, but the mechanism of the action of unsaturated uronates on the cells remains to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xu
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, Japan
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Yu Z, Wang J, Zhou N, Zhao C, Qiu J. A highly sensitive method for quantitative determination of L-amino acid oxidase activity based on the visualization of ferric-xylenol orange formation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82483. [PMID: 24376540 PMCID: PMC3869696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) has important biological roles in many organisms, thus attracting great attention from researchers to establish its detection methods. In this study, a new quantitative in-gel determination of LAAO activity based on ferric-xylenol orange (Fe(III)XO) formation was established. This method showed that due to the conversion of Fe(II) to Fe(III) by H2O2 and subsequent formation of Fe(III)XO complex halo in agar medium, the logarithm of H2O2 concentration from 5 to 160 µM was linearly correlated to the diameter of purplish red Fe(III)XO halo. By extracting the LAAO-generated H2O2 concentration, the LAAO activity can be quantitatively determined. This Fe(III)XO agar assay is highly sensitive to detect H2O2 down to micromolar range. More importantly, it is easy to handle, cheap, reproducible, convenient and accurate. Coupled with SDS-PAGE, it can directly be used to determine the number and approximate molecular weight of LAAO in one assay. All these features make this in-gel Fe(III)XO assay useful and convenient as a general procedure for following enzyme purification, assaying fractions from a column, or observing changes in activity resulting from enzyme modifications, hence endowing this method with broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Yu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); (JQ)
| | - Ju Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuntian Zhao
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juanping Qiu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); (JQ)
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Shi Y, Wang Q, Hou Y, Hong Y, Han X, Yi J, Qu J, Lu Y. Molecular cloning, expression and enzymatic characterization of glutathione S-transferase from Antarctic sea-ice bacteria Pseudoalteromonas sp. ANT506. Microbiol Res 2013; 169:179-84. [PMID: 23890723 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene from Antarctic sea-ice bacteria Pseudoalteromonas sp. ANT506 (namely PsGST), was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The open reading frame of PsGST comprised 654 bp encoding a protein of 217 amino acids with a calculated molecular size of 24.3 kDa. The rPsGST possesses the conserved amino acid defining the binding sites of glutathione (G-site) and substrate binding pocket (H-site) in GST N_3 family. PsGST was expressed in E. coli and the recombinant PsGST (rPsGST) was purified by Ni-affinity chromatography with a high specific activity of 74.21 U/mg. The purified rPsGST showed maximum activity at 40 °C and exhibited 14.2% activity at 0 °C. It was completely inactivated at 50 °C for 40 min. These results indicated that rPsGST was a typical cold active GST with low thermostability. The enzyme was little affected by H2O2 and Triton X-100, and 50.2% of the remaining activity was detected in the presence of high salt concentrations (2M NaCl). The enzymatic Km values for CDNB and GSH was 0.22 mM and 1.01 mM, respectively. These specific enzyme properties may be related to the survival environment of Antarctic sea ice bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglei Shi
- School of Marine and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 264209 Weihai, PR China
| | - Quanfu Wang
- School of Marine and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 264209 Weihai, PR China.
| | - Yanhua Hou
- School of Marine and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 264209 Weihai, PR China
| | - Yanyan Hong
- School of Marine and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 264209 Weihai, PR China
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Marine and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 264209 Weihai, PR China
| | - Jiali Yi
- School of Marine and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 264209 Weihai, PR China
| | - Junjie Qu
- School of Marine and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 264209 Weihai, PR China
| | - Yi Lu
- School of Marine and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 264209 Weihai, PR China
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Préchoux A, Genicot S, Rogniaux H, Helbert W. Controlling carrageenan structure using a novel formylglycine-dependent sulfatase, an endo-4S-iota-carrageenan sulfatase. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2013; 15:265-274. [PMID: 23011004 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-012-9483-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Carrageenans are sulfated polysaccharides that are found in the cell walls of red algae. These polysaccharides have gelling and texturizing properties that are widely appreciated in industrial applications. However, these functional properties depend strongly on the sulfation of the moieties of the carrabiose repetition unit. Here we aimed to monitor the sulfate composition of gelling carrageenan. To do so, we screened and purified from Pseudoalteromonas atlantica a 4S-iota carrageenan sulfatase that converts ι-carrabiose into α-carrabiose units. The sequence of this protein matched the annotated Q15XH3 (Uniprot databank) formylglycine-dependent sulfatase found in the P. atlantica genome. With pure enzyme, ι-carrageenan could be transformed into a hybrid ι-/α-carrageenan or pure α-carrageenan. Analysis of the distribution of the carrabiose moieties in hybrid carrageenan chain using enzymatic degradation with Alteromonas fortis ι-carrageenase, coupled with chromatography and NMR spectroscopy experiments, showed that the sulfatase has an endo mode of action. The endo-character and the specificity of the sulfatase made it possible to prepare hybrid κ-/ι-/α-carrageenan and κ-/α-carrageenan starting from κ-/ι-carrageenan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Préchoux
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7139 Marine Plants and Biomolecules, Station Biologique, 29682, Roscoff Cedex, France
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Trivedi N, Gupta V, Reddy CRK, Jha B. Detection of ionic liquid stable cellulase produced by the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. isolated from brown alga Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh. Bioresour Technol 2013; 132:313-9. [PMID: 23416618 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An extracellular cellulase produced by marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. was studied for its activity and stability in six different ionic liquids (ILs) over a wide range of concentrations (1-20% v/v) and compared with aqueous medium as control. Enzyme showed its optimal activity at 45°C and at pH 5 in control. Although the activity varied with the type of IL and its concentration used, the activity measured at 5% (v/v) was maximum with [EMIM]Br followed by [EMIM]Ac, [BMIM]Cl, [C2MIM][CH3SO3], [BMIM][OTF] and [BMPL][OTF] with 115%, 104.7%, 102.2%, 98.33%, 93.84% and 92.67%, respectively, and >80% activity at 15% (v/v) in all ILs. The enzyme stability at 5% (v/v) IL concentration for 36h was superior to commercial cellulase. The cellulase activity enhanced by 1.35- to 1.72-fold over control when 5% (v/v) IL based reaction medium with algal biomass was used and thus showed potentials for saccharification of biomass in a single step process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Trivedi
- Discipline of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
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Chen W, Zhu P, He S, Jin H, Yan X. [Nonribosomal peptides synthetases gene clusters and core domain in Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ631]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2012; 52:1531-1539. [PMID: 23457803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We studied nonribosomal peptides synthetases (NRPSs) gene clusters and the core module of NRPSs in Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ631 using genome mining approach. METHODS The genome of Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ631 was constructed by the next genome sequencing (NGS) technology. We adopted an online available software called NRPS-PKS knowledgebase to identify potential NRPSs gene clusters within genes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolite of Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ631. The genes encoding adenylation (A) domains, the core module of NRPSs, were collected and analyzed using genome mining method. RESULTS We identified three typical NRPS gene clusters comprising three ORFs which encode six continuous modular NRPSs. The result of genome mining indicates that genome of Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ631 contains 38 A domain genes which show 60% similarity below to their closest relatives. The substrate of these A domains was predicted to specifically bind 18 types of amino acids using the specificity-conferring selection rule. CONCLUSION This is the first reported on the systematic screening and analysis of NRPSs gene clusters and A domains in genus Pseudoalteromonas, suggesting that the genus Pseudoalteromonas possesses a vast array of secondary metabolite biosynthesis genes that were previously found mostly in actinomycetes and fungi. The information on secondary metabolite genes from Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ631 will facilitate us to isolate novel nonribosomal peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
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Huang W, Lin Y, Yi S, Liu P, Shen J, Shao Z, Liu Z. QsdH, a novel AHL lactonase in the RND-type inner membrane of marine Pseudoalteromonas byunsanensis strain 1A01261. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46587. [PMID: 23056356 PMCID: PMC3466314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) are the main quorum-sensing (QS) signals in gram-negative bacteria. AHLs trigger the expression of genes for particular biological functions when their density reaches a threshold. In this study, we identified and cloned the qsdH gene by screening a genomic library of Pseudoalteromonas byunsanensis strain 1A01261, which has AHL-degrading activity. The qsdH gene encoded a GDSL hydrolase found to be located in the N-terminus of a multidrug efflux transporter protein of the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) family. We further confirmed that the GDSL hydrolase, QsdH, exhibited similar AHL-degrading activity to the full-length ORF protein. QsdH was expressed and purified to process the N-terminal signal peptide yielding a 27-kDa mature protein. QsdH was capable of inactivating AHLs with an acyl chain ranging from C4 to C14 with or without 3-oxo substitution. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analyses showed that QsdH functioned as an AHL lactonase to hydrolyze the ester bond of the homoserine lactone ring of AHLs. In addition, site-directed mutagenesis demonstrated that QsdH contained oxyanion holes (Ser-Gly-Asn) in conserved blocks (I, II, and III), which had important roles in its AHL-degrading activity. Furthermore, the lactonase activity of QsdH was slightly promoted by several divalent ions. Using in silico prediction, we concluded that QsdH was located at the first periplasmic loop of the multidrug efflux transporter protein, which is essential to substrate selectivity for these efflux pumps. These findings led us to assume that the QsdH lactonase and C-terminal efflux pump might be effective in quenching QS of the P. byunsanensis strain 1A01261. Moreover, it was observed that recombinant Escherichia coli producing QsdH proteins attenuated the plant pathogenicity of Erwinia carotovora, which might have potential to control of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Shuyuan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Pengfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Zongze Shao
- The State Oceanic Administration, The Third Marine Research Institute, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Ziduo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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He HL, Guo J, Chen XL, Xie BB, Zhang XY, Yu Y, Chen B, Zhou BC, Zhang YZ. Structural and functional characterization of mature forms of metalloprotease E495 from Arctic sea-ice bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. SM495. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35442. [PMID: 22523598 PMCID: PMC3327674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
E495 is the most abundant protease secreted by the Arctic sea-ice bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. SM495. As a thermolysin family metalloprotease, E495 was found to have multiple active forms in the culture of strain SM495. E495-M (containing only the catalytic domain) and E495-M-C1 (containing the catalytic domain and one PPC domain) were two stable mature forms, and E495-M-C1-C2 (containing the catalytic domain and two PPC domains) might be an intermediate. Compared to E495-M, E495-M-C1 had similar affinity and catalytic efficiency to oligopeptides, but higher affinity and catalytic efficiency to proteins. The PPC domains from E495 were expressed as GST-fused proteins. Both of the recombinant PPC domains were shown to have binding ability to proteins C-phycocyanin and casein, and domain PPC1 had higher affinity to C-phycocyanin than domain PPC2. These results indicated that the domain PPC1 in E495-M-C1 could be helpful in binding protein substrate, and therefore, improving the catalytic efficiency. Site-directed mutagenesis on the PPC domains showed that the conserved polar and aromatic residues, D26, D28, Y30, Y/W65, in the PPC domains played key roles in protein binding. Our study may shed light on the mechanism of organic nitrogen degradation in the Arctic sea ice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lun He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiu-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin-Bin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xi-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Yu
- SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Chen
- SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Bai-Cheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- * E-mail:
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Dornez E, Verjans P, Arnaut F, Delcour JA, Courtin CM. Use of psychrophilic xylanases provides insight into the xylanase functionality in bread making. J Agric Food Chem 2011; 59:9553-9562. [PMID: 21806059 DOI: 10.1021/jf201752g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The bread-improving potential of three psychrophilic xylanases from Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAH3A (XPH), Flavobacterium sp. MSY-2 (rXFH), and unknown bacterial origin (rXyn8) was compared to that of the mesophilic xylanases from Bacillus subtilis (XBS) and Aspergillus aculeatus (XAA). XPH, rXFH, and rXyn8 increased specific bread volumes up to 28%, 18%, and 18%, respectively, while XBS and XAA gave increases of 23% and 12%, respectively. This could be related to their substrate hydrolysis behavior. Xylanases with a high capacity to solubilize water-unextractable arabinoxylan (WU-AX) during mixing, such as XBS and XPH, increased bread volume more than xylanases that mainly solubilized WU-AX during fermentation, such as rXFH, rXyn8, and XAA. Irrespective of their intrinsic bread-improving potential, the dosages needed to increase bread volume to a similar extent were much lower for psychrophilic than for mesophilic xylanases. The xylanase efficiency mainly depended on the enzyme's temperature activity profile and its inhibition sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmie Dornez
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry & Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20-bus 2463, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Li JW, Dong S, Song J, Li CB, Chen XL, Xie BB, Zhang YZ. Purification and characterization of a bifunctional alginate lyase from Pseudoalteromonas sp. SM0524. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:109-23. [PMID: 21339950 PMCID: PMC3039154 DOI: 10.3390/md9010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2011] [Revised: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An alginate lyase-producing bacterial strain, Pseudoalteromonas sp. SM0524, was screened from marine rotten kelp. In an optimized condition, the production of alginate lyase from Pseudoalteromonas sp. SM0524 reached 62.6 U/mL, suggesting that strain SM0524 is a good producer of alginate lyases. The bifunctional alginate lyase aly-SJ02 secreted by strain SM0524 was purified. Aly-SJ02 had an apparent molecular mass of 32 kDa. The optimal temperature and pH of aly-SJ02 toward sodium alginate was 50 °C and 8.5, respectively. The half life period of aly-SJ02 was 41 min at 40 °C and 20 min at 50 °C. Aly-SJ02 was most stable at pH 8.0. N-terminal sequence analysis suggested that aly-SJ02 may be an alginate lyase of polysaccharide lyase family 18. Aly-SJ02 showed activities toward both polyG (α-l-guluronic acid) and polyM (β-D-mannuronic acid), indicating that it is a bifunctional alginate lyase. Aly-SJ02 had lower K(m) toward polyG than toward polyM and sodium alginate. Thin layer chromatography and ESI-MS analyses showed that aly-SJ02 mainly released dimers and trimers from polyM and alginate, and trimers and tetramers from polyG, which suggests that aly-SJ02 may be a good tool to produce dimers and trimers from alginate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; E-Mails: (J.-W.L.); (S.D.); (J.S.); (B.-B.X.); (Y.-Z.Z.)
| | - Sheng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; E-Mails: (J.-W.L.); (S.D.); (J.S.); (B.-B.X.); (Y.-Z.Z.)
| | - Jie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; E-Mails: (J.-W.L.); (S.D.); (J.S.); (B.-B.X.); (Y.-Z.Z.)
| | - Chun-Bo Li
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; E-Mail: (C.-B.L.)
| | - Xiu-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; E-Mails: (J.-W.L.); (S.D.); (J.S.); (B.-B.X.); (Y.-Z.Z.)
| | - Bin-Bin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; E-Mails: (J.-W.L.); (S.D.); (J.S.); (B.-B.X.); (Y.-Z.Z.)
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; E-Mails: (J.-W.L.); (S.D.); (J.S.); (B.-B.X.); (Y.-Z.Z.)
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Ren A, Xia ZX, Yu W, Zhou J. Expression, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of an anomeric inverting agarase from Pseudoalteromonas sp. CY24. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2010; 66:1635-9. [PMID: 21139213 PMCID: PMC2998372 DOI: 10.1107/s174430911004114x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AgaB from Pseudoalteromonas sp. CY24 is a novel agarase that hydrolyzes agarose to generate products with inverted anomeric configuration and that has been proposed to have a larger catalytic cleft than other β-agarases. Here, the expression, purification, crystallization and data collection of AgaB in both wild-type and selenomethionine-substituted forms is described. The crystals of wild-type AgaB diffracted to 1.97 Å resolution and belonged to space group C222(1). The selenomethionine derivative crystallized in space group I222. The phasing problem was solved by the multiwavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD) method. These results will facilitate detailed structural and enzymatic analysis of AgaB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiming Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry and Natural Products, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zong-Xiang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry and Natural Products, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wengong Yu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Marine Drug and Food Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry and Natural Products, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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Collins T, Matzapetakis M, Santos H. Backbone and side chain 1H, 15N and 13C assignments for a thiol-disulphide oxidoreductase from the Antarctic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125. Biomol NMR Assign 2010; 4:151-154. [PMID: 20455034 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-010-9230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes produced by psychrophilic organisms have successfully overcome the low temperature challenge and evolved to maintain high catalytic rates in their permanently cold environments. As an initial step in our attempt to elucidate the cold-adaptation strategies used by these enzymes we report here the (1)H, (15)N and (13)C assignments for the reduced form of a thiol-disulphide oxidoreductase from the Antarctic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Collins
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, Apartado 127, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
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Nakatani Y, Lamont IL, Cutfield JF. Discovery and characterization of a distinctive exo-1,3/1,4-{beta}-glucanase from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain BB1. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:6760-8. [PMID: 20729316 PMCID: PMC2953027 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00758-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine bacteria residing on local red, green, and brown seaweeds were screened for exo-1,3-β-glucanase (ExoP) activity. Of the 90 bacterial species isolated from 32 seaweeds, only one, a Pseudoalteromonas sp., was found to display such activity. It was isolated from a Durvillaea sp., a brown kelp known to contain significant amounts of the storage polysaccharide laminarin (1,3-β-D-glucan with some 1,6-β branching). Four chromatographic steps were utilized to purify the enzyme (ExoP). Chymotryptic digestion provided peptide sequences for primer design and subsequent gene cloning. The exoP gene coded for 840 amino acids and was located just 50 bp downstream from a putative lichenase (endo-1,3-1,4-β-glucanase) gene, suggesting possible cotranscription of these genes. Sequence comparisons revealed ExoP to be clustered within a group of bacterial glycosidases with high similarity to a group of glycoside hydrolase (GH3) plant enzymes, of which the barley exo-1,3/1,4-β-glucanase (ExoI) is the best characterized. The major difference between the bacterial and plant proteins is an extra 200- to 220-amino-acid extension at the C terminus of the former. This additional sequence does not correlate with any known functional domain, but ExoP was not active against laminarin when this region was removed. Production of recombinant ExoP allowed substrate specificity studies to be performed. The enzyme was found to possess similar levels of exoglucanase activity against both 1,4-β linkages and 1,3-β linkages, and so ExoP is designated an exo-1,3/1,4-β-exoglucanase, the first such bacterial enzyme to be characterized. This broader specificity could allow the enzyme to assist in digesting both cell wall cellulose and cytoplasmic laminarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Nakatani
- Biochemistry Department, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Iain L. Lamont
- Biochemistry Department, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - John F. Cutfield
- Biochemistry Department, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Alterio V, Aurilia V, Romanelli A, Parracino A, Saviano M, D'Auria S, De Simone G. Crystal structure of an S-formylglutathione hydrolase from Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125. Biopolymers 2010; 93:669-77. [PMID: 20209484 DOI: 10.1002/bip.21420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
S-formylglutathione hydrolases (FGHs) constitute a family of ubiquitous enzymes which play a key role in formaldehyde detoxification both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, catalyzing the hydrolysis of S-formylglutathione to formic acid and glutathione. While a large number of functional studies have been reported on these enzymes, few structural studies have so far been carried out. In this article we report on the functional and structural characterization of PhEst, a FGH isolated from the psychrophilic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis. According to our functional studies, this enzyme is able to efficiently hydrolyze several thioester substrates with very small acyl moieties. By contrast, the enzyme shows no activity toward substrates with bulky acyl groups. These data are in line with structural studies which highlight for this enzyme a very narrow acyl-binding pocket in a typical alpha/beta-hydrolase fold. PhEst represents the first cold-adapted FGH structurally characterized to date; comparison with its mesophilic counterparts of known three-dimensional structure allowed to obtain useful insights into molecular determinants responsible for the ability of this psychrophilic enzyme to work at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Alterio
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
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Zaporozhets TS, Makarenkova ID, Bakunina II, Burtseva IV, Kusaĭkin MI, Balabanova LA, Zviagintseva TN, Besednova NN, Rasskazov VA. [Inhibition of adherence of Corynebacterium diphtheriae to human buccal epithelium by glycoside hydrolases from marine hydrobiontes]. Biomed Khim 2010; 56:351-359. [PMID: 20695214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A possibility of adhesion inhibition of Corynebacterium diphtheriae to human buccal epithelium by glycoside hydrolases of marine hydrobiontes was investigated using alpha-galactosidase from marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. KMM 701, total enzyme preparation and beta-1,3-glucanase from marine fungi Chaetomium, total enzyme preparation and beta-1,3-glucanase from marine mollusk Littorina kurila, and total enzyme preparation from crystalline style of marine mollusk Spisula sachalinensis were used. The enzymes were added to test-tubes containing buccal epithelial cells and/or the toxigenic bacterial strain C. diphtheriae No 1129, v. gravis. All the investigated enzymes were able to abort C. diphtheriae adherence, to human buccal epithelocytes. Inhibition of adhesion was more pronounced in the case of treatment of epithelocytes with highly purified enzymes of marine hydrobiontes in comparison with total enzyme preparations. The significant inhibition of C. diphtheriae adhesion was observed when the enzymes were added to the epithelocytes with the attached microorganisms. The results obtained show that glycoside hydrolases of marine hydrobiontes degrade any carbohydrates expressed on cell surface of bacterium or human buccal epithelocytes, impair unique lectin-carbohydrate interaction and prevent the adhesion.
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Wang G, Xia J, Xie X, Xu Q, Chen N. [Molecular cloning, gene expression and characterization of purine nucleoside phosphorylase from Pseudoalteromonas sp. XM2107]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2010; 50:222-227. [PMID: 20387465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP, EC 2.4.2.1) is an important enzyme which is applied in nucleoside medication and intermediate biosynthesis. In this paper, we aimed to obtain the PNP gene from cold-adapted marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. XM2107 and study the characteristics of enzyme for applying in nucleoside medication and intermediate biosynthesis. METHODS Purine nucleoside phosphorylas gene which amplified from the cold-adapted marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. XM2107 genome by homology-based PCR cloning was cloned, sequenced and expressed at E. coli BL21 (DE3) by using expression vector pET-His. The recombinant purine nucleoside phosphorylas enzyme (XmPNP) was purified by metal chelate chromatography and its several characteristics were determined completely. RESULTS Analysis of entire sequences of XmPNP revealed that the whole sequence is 702 bp and coded a peptide of 233 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 25 kDa. Compared with mesophilic counterparts, XmPNP showed a lower temperature optimum (50 degrees C). The optimal pH for inosine phosphorolysis catalyzed by XmPNP was around 7.6 at sodium phosphate buffer. XmPNP showed the highest activity toward inosine (K(m) value, 0.382 mmol/L, at 37 degrees C) and the activity decreased in the order of guanosine and adenosine. Furthermore, XmPNP still expressed high catalytic activity and excellent thermalstability at ordinary temperature. CONCLUSION Both high catalytic activity and good thermalstability at ordinary temperature indicated that it will provide attractive candidate for prodrug activation and nucleoside medication biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of Education Ministry, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Balabanova LA, Bakunina IY, Nedashkovskaya OI, Makarenkova ID, Zaporozhets TS, Besednova NN, Zvyagintseva TN, Rasskazov VA. Molecular characterization and therapeutic potential of a marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. KMM 701 alpha-galactosidase. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2010; 12:111-120. [PMID: 19629597 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-009-9205-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An alpha-galactosidase capable of converting B red blood cells into the universal blood type cells at the neutral pH was produced by a novel obligate marine bacterium strain KMM 701 (VKM B-2135 D). The organism is heterotrophic, aerobic, and halophilic and requires Na+ ions and temperature up to 34 degrees C for its growth. The strain has a unique combination of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes. Its single intracellular alpha-galactosidase exceeded other glycoside hydrolases in the level of expression up to 20-fold. The alpha-galactosidase was purified to determine the N-terminal amino acid sequences and new activities. It was found to inhibit Corynebacterium diphtheria adhesion to host buccal epithelium cell surfaces with high effectiveness. The nucleotide sequence of the homodimeric alpha-galactosidase indicates that its subunit is composed of 710 amino acid residues with a calculated Mr of 80,055. This alpha-galactosidase shares structural property with 36 family glycoside hydrolases. The properties of the enzyme are likely to be highly beneficial for medicinal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa A Balabanova
- Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, prospect 100 letya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
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Donovan CJ, Garduño RA, Kalmokoff M, Ku JC, Quilliam MA, Gill TA. Pseudoalteromonas bacteria are capable of degrading paralytic shellfish toxins. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009; 75:6919-23. [PMID: 19717625 PMCID: PMC2772429 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01384-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine bacterial isolates cultured from the digestive tracts of blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) contaminated with paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) were screened for the ability to reduce the toxicity of a PST mixture. Seven isolates reduced the overall toxicity of the algal extract by > or = 90% within 3 days. These isolates shared at least 99% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with five Pseudoalteromonas spp. Phenotypic tests suggested that all are novel strains of Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie J. Donovan
- Food Science Program, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3J 2X4, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Medicine—Division of Infectious Diseases, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4N 1J5, National Research Council of Canada—Institute for Marine Biosciences, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3Z1
| | - Rafael A. Garduño
- Food Science Program, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3J 2X4, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Medicine—Division of Infectious Diseases, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4N 1J5, National Research Council of Canada—Institute for Marine Biosciences, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3Z1
| | - Martin Kalmokoff
- Food Science Program, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3J 2X4, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Medicine—Division of Infectious Diseases, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4N 1J5, National Research Council of Canada—Institute for Marine Biosciences, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3Z1
| | - John C. Ku
- Food Science Program, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3J 2X4, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Medicine—Division of Infectious Diseases, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4N 1J5, National Research Council of Canada—Institute for Marine Biosciences, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3Z1
| | - Michael A. Quilliam
- Food Science Program, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3J 2X4, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Medicine—Division of Infectious Diseases, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4N 1J5, National Research Council of Canada—Institute for Marine Biosciences, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3Z1
| | - Tom A. Gill
- Food Science Program, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3J 2X4, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Medicine—Division of Infectious Diseases, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4N 1J5, National Research Council of Canada—Institute for Marine Biosciences, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3Z1
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He HL, Chen XL, Zhang XY, Sun CY, Zou BC, Zhang YZ. Novel use for the osmolyte trimethylamine N-oxide: retaining the psychrophilic characters of cold-adapted protease deseasin MCP-01 and simultaneously improving its thermostability. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2009; 11:710-716. [PMID: 19255806 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-009-9185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 01/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The low thermostability of cold-adapted enzymes is a main barrier for their application. A simple and reliable method to improve both the stability and the activity of cold-adapted enzymes is still rare. As a protein stabilizer, the effect of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) on a cold-adapted enzyme or protein has not been reported. In this study, effects of TMAO on the structure, activity, and stability of a cold-adapted protease, deseasin MCP-01, were studied. Deseasin MCP-01 is a new type of subtilase from deep-sea psychrotolerant bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. SM9913. Fluorescence and CD spectra showed that TMAO did not perturb the structure of MCP-01 and therefore kept the conformational flexibility of MCP-01. One molar TMAO improved the activity of MCP-01 by 174% and its catalytic efficiency (k(cat) /K(m)) by 290% at 0 degrees C. In the presence of 1 M TMAO, the thermostability (t(1/2)) of MCP-01 increased by two- to fivefold at 60 approximately 40 degrees C. Structural analysis with CD showed that 1 M TMAO could keep the structural thermostability of MCP-01 close to that of its mesophilic counterpart subtilisin Carlsberg when incubated at 40 degrees C for 1 h. Moreover, 1 M TMAO increased the melting temperature (T(m)) of MCP-01 by 10.5 degrees C. These results suggest that TMAO can be used as a perfect stabilizing agent to retain the psychrophilic characters of a cold-adapted enzyme and simultaneously improve its thermostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lun He
- The State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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