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Huo Z, Lv Y, Wang N, Zhou C, Su X. Construction of a dual-signal readout platform for effective glutathione S-transferase sensing based on polyethyleneimine-capped silver nanoclusters and cobalt-manganese oxide nanosheets with oxidase-mimicking activity. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:282. [PMID: 38652326 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
A novel dual-mode fluorometric and colorimetric sensing platform is reported for determining glutathione S-transferase (GST) by utilizing polyethyleneimine-capped silver nanoclusters (PEI-AgNCs) and cobalt-manganese oxide nanosheets (CoMn-ONSs) with oxidase-like activity. Abundant active oxygen species (O2•-) can be produced through the CoMn-ONSs interacting with dissolved oxygen. Afterward, the pink oxDPD was generated through the oxidation of colorless N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) by O2•-, and two absorption peaks at 510 and 551 nm could be observed. Simultaneously, oxDPD could quench the fluorescence of PEI-AgNCs at 504 nm via the inner filter effect (IFE). However, in the presence of glutathione (GSH), GSH prevents the oxidation of DPD due to the reducibility of GSH, leading to the absorbance decrease at 510 and 551 nm. Furthermore, the fluorescence at 504 nm was restored due to the quenching effect of oxDPD on decreased PEI-AgNCs. Under the catalysis of GST, GSH and1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzo (CDNB) conjugate to generate an adduct, initiating the occurrence of the oxidation of the chromogenic substrate DPD, thereby inducing a distinct colorimetric response again and the significant quenching of PEI-AgNCs. The detection limits for GST determination were 0.04 and 0.21 U/L for fluorometric and colorimetric modes, respectively. The sensing platform illustrated reliable applicability in detecting GST in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejiao Huo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuntai Lv
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyu Zhou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingguang Su
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
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Kumagawa E, Katsumata M, Ohta Y. Catalytic and molecular properties of alkaliphilic and thermotolerant β-etherase from Altererythrobacter sp. B11. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:1183-1192. [PMID: 37403406 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpropanone monomers, including guaiacyl hydroxypropanone, are important precursors for the synthesis of various chemicals. The monomers are obtained in a three-step cascade reaction catalyzed by a group of enzymes in the β-etherase system that cleaves the β-O-4 bond, the major bond in lignin. In this study, one of the β-etherase of the glutathione-S-transferase superfamily, AbLigF2, was discovered in genus Altererythrobacter, and the recombinant etherase was characterized. The enzyme showed maximal activity at 45 °C, maintained 30% of its activity after 2 h at 50 °C, and was the most thermostable among the previously reported enzymes. Moreover, N13, S14, and S115, located near the thiol group of glutathione, had a significant effect on the maximum reaction rate of enzyme activity. This study suggests that AbLigF2 has the potential to serve as a thermostable enzyme for lignin utilization and provides insights into its catalytic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kumagawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Madoka Katsumata
- Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yukari Ohta
- Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness, Gunma, Japan
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Vaish S, Parveen R, Singh N, Gupta D, Basantani MK. Computational insights into diverse aspects of glutathione S-transferase gene family in Papaver somniferum. J Plant Res 2022; 135:823-852. [PMID: 36066757 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-022-01408-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant glutathione S-transferases are an ancient protein superfamily having antioxidant activity. These proteins are primarily involved in diverse plant functions such as plant growth and development, secondary metabolism, signaling pathways and defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. The current study aimed to comprehensively identify and characterize the GST gene family in the medicinally important crop Papaver somniferum. A total of 93 GST proteins were identified belonging to eight GST classes and found to be majorly localized in the cytoplasm. All GST genes were found on eleven opium chromosomes. Gene duplication analysis showed segmental duplication as a key factor for opium GST gene family expansion under strong purifying selection. Phylogenetic analysis with gymnosperm, angiosperm and bryophyte revealed the evolution of GSTs earlier than their division into separate groups and also prior to the divergence of monocot and dicot. The secondary structure prediction showed the dominance of α-helices indicative of PsomGSTs as structurally stable and elastic proteins. Gene architecture showed the conservation of number of exons across the classes. MEME analysis revealed only a few class specific and many across class conserved motifs. Ser was found to be the active site residue of tau, phi, theta and zeta class and Cys was catalytic residue of DHAR, lambda and GHR class. Promoter analyses identified many cis-acting regulatory elements related to hormonal, cellular, stress and light response functions. Ser was the key phosphorylation site. Only three glycosylation sites were found across the 93 PsomGSTs. 3D structure prediction was also performed and was validated. Interactome analyses revealed the correlation of PsomGSTs with glutathione metabolizing proteins. Gene enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analyzed the involvement of PsomGSTs in three major pathways i.e. glutathione metabolism, tyrosine metabolism and ascorbate metabolism. The outcome revealed high model quality of PsomGSTs. The results of the current study will be of potential significance to understand the functional and structural importance of the GST gene family in opium, a medicinally important crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Vaish
- Faculty of Biosciences, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow Deva Road, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, 225003, India
| | - Reshma Parveen
- Faculty of Biosciences, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow Deva Road, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, 225003, India
| | - Nootan Singh
- Faculty of Biosciences, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow Deva Road, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, 225003, India
| | - Divya Gupta
- Faculty of Biosciences, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow Deva Road, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, 225003, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Basantani
- Faculty of Biosciences, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow Deva Road, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, 225003, India.
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Kelley FM, Favetta B, Regy RM, Mittal J, Schuster BS. Amphiphilic proteins coassemble into multiphasic condensates and act as biomolecular surfactants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2109967118. [PMID: 34916288 PMCID: PMC8713756 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2109967118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells contain membraneless compartments that assemble due to liquid-liquid phase separation, including biomolecular condensates with complex morphologies. For instance, certain condensates are surrounded by a film of distinct composition, such as Ape1 condensates coated by a layer of Atg19, required for selective autophagy in yeast. Other condensates are multiphasic, with nested liquid phases of distinct compositions and functions, such as in the case of ribosome biogenesis in the nucleolus. The size and structure of such condensates must be regulated for proper biological function. We leveraged a bioinspired approach to discover how amphiphilic, surfactant-like proteins may contribute to the structure and size regulation of biomolecular condensates. We designed and examined families of amphiphilic proteins comprising one phase-separating domain and one non-phase-separating domain. In particular, these proteins contain the soluble structured domain glutathione S-transferase (GST) or maltose binding protein (MBP), fused to the intrinsically disordered RGG domain from P granule protein LAF-1. When one amphiphilic protein is mixed in vitro with RGG-RGG, the proteins assemble into enveloped condensates, with RGG-RGG at the core and the amphiphilic protein forming the surface film layer. Importantly, we found that MBP-based amphiphiles are surfactants and influence droplet size, with increasing surfactant concentration resulting in smaller droplet radii. In contrast, GST-based amphiphiles at increased concentrations coassemble with RGG-RGG into multiphasic structures. We propose a mechanism for these experimental observations, supported by molecular simulations of a minimalist model. We speculate that surfactant proteins may play a significant role in regulating the structure and function of biomolecular condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleurie M Kelley
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Bruna Favetta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Roshan Mammen Regy
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Jeetain Mittal
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Benjamin S Schuster
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854;
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Teslenko I, Watson CJW, Xia Z, Chen G, Lazarus P. Characterization of Cytosolic Glutathione S-Transferases Involved in the Metabolism of the Aromatase Inhibitor, Exemestane. Drug Metab Dispos 2021; 49:1047-1055. [PMID: 34593616 PMCID: PMC11025106 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exemestane (EXE) is a hormonal therapy used to treat estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer by inhibiting the final step of estrogen biosynthesis catalyzed by the enzyme aromatase. Cysteine conjugates of EXE and its active metabolite 17β-dihydro-EXE (DHE) are the major metabolites found in both the urine and plasma of patients taking EXE. The initial step in cysteine conjugate formation is glutathione conjugation catalyzed by the glutathione S-transferase (GST) family of enzymes. The goal of the present study was to identify cytosolic hepatic GSTs active in the GST-mediated metabolism of EXE and 17β-DHE. Twelve recombinant cytosolic hepatic GSTs were screened for their activity against EXE and 17β-DHE, and glutathionylated EXE and 17β-DHE conjugates were detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. GST α (GSTA) isoform 1, GST μ (GSTM) isoform 3 and isoform 1 were active against EXE, whereas only GSTA1 exhibited activity against 17β-DHE. GSTM1 exhibited the highest affinity against EXE with a Michaelis-Menten constant (KM) value that was 3.8- and 7.1-fold lower than that observed for GSTA1 and GSTM3, respectively. Of the three GSTs, GSTM3 exhibited the highest intrinsic clearance against EXE (intrinsic clearance = 0.14 nl·min-1·mg-1). The KM values observed for human liver cytosol against EXE (46 μM) and 17β-DHE (77 μM) were similar to those observed for recombinant GSTA1 (53 and 30 μM, respectively). Western blot analysis revealed that GSTA1 and GSTM1 composed 4.3% and 0.57%, respectively, of total protein in human liver cytosol; GSTM3 was not detected. These data suggest that GSTA1 is the major hepatic cytosolic enzyme involved in the clearance of EXE and its major active metabolite, 17β-DHE. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Most previous studies related to the metabolism of the aromatase inhibitor exemestane (EXE) have focused mainly on phase I metabolic pathways and the glucuronidation phase II metabolic pathway. However, recent studies have indicated that glutathionylation is the major metabolic pathway for EXE. The present study is the first to characterize hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity against EXE and 17β-dihydro-EXE and to identify GST α 1 and GST μ 1 as the major cytosolic GSTs involved in the hepatic metabolism of EXE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Teslenko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Christy J W Watson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Zuping Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
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Sharma S, Vashisht S, Gaur SN, Lavasa S, Arora N. Identification of B cell epitopes of Per a 5 allergen using bioinformatic approach. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152146. [PMID: 34717182 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune epitopes of allergens are pivotal for development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Present study aims to identify antigenic determinants of Per a 5, a clinically relevant cross reactive cockroach allergen. METHODS The three dimensional structure of Per a 5 was modelled using Modeller 9v11 software. A combination of sequence and structure based computational tools were employed for predicting B cell epitopes. Epitopes were synthesized and immunoreactivity was assessed by ELISA using cockroach hypersensitive patient's sera. Cross-reactivity potential of predicted epitopes was assessed with SDAP and ConSurf and validated by IgE ELISA with fungal and mite hypersensitive patient's sera. RESULTS Per a 5 structure exhibited good quality factor in ERRAT and high stereochemical stability. In silico analysis revealed six B cell epitopes (BC-P1 to P6). BC-P3 demonstrated significant IgE binding followed by BC-P2 and BC-P1 with cockroach hypersensitive patient's sera. Per a 5 epitopes demonstrate considerable similarity with broad spectrum of allergens from fungal, mites, helminths, fruits and nuts. Analysis of PD values indicate BC-P4 to be well conserved among dust mite and helminth GSTs (8.89, 10.63 and 10.69 with D. pteronyssinus, W. bancrofti and F. hepatica respectively). ConSurf analysis of Per a 5 revealed specific enrichment of evolutionarily similar amino acid residues in BC-P2 (with fungal and mite GSTs) and BC-P4 (with mite and helminth GSTs). Further, IgE binding analysis of epitopes demonstrate BC-P2, BC-P3 and BC-P5 as high IgE binders in fungal hypersensitive sera while BC-P1, BC-P2, BC-P4 and BC-P5 demonstrated significant IgE binding with mite hypersensitive sera. CONCLUSIONS Among the predicted epitopes, BC-P3 demonstrates maximal IgE binding ability. Computational analysis suggests strong evolutionary conservation and cross reactive potential of BC-P4 with allergens in dust mite and helminths. ELISA highlights predictive potential of analysing evolutionarily conserved residues for uncovering potentially cross reactive antigenic determinants. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Immune epitopes of Per a 5 were identified for aiding molecular diagnosis and potential cross reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, U.P., 201002, India
| | - Srishti Vashisht
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - S N Gaur
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, V.P. Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | | | - Naveen Arora
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, U.P., 201002, India
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Zhao YW, Wang CK, Huang XY, Hu DG. Genome-Wide Analysis of the Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Genes and Functional Identification of MdGSTU12 Reveals the Involvement in the Regulation of Anthocyanin Accumulation in Apple. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1733. [PMID: 34828339 PMCID: PMC8619396 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins have essential biological functions, affecting the development of horticultural production. They are synthesized in the cytoplasm through flavonoid metabolic pathways and finally transported into vacuoles for storage. Plant glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional enzymes involved in anthocyanin transportation. In this study, we identified 38 GSTs from the apple (Malus domestica) genome (HFTH1 Whole Genome v1.0) based on the sequence similarity with the GST family proteins of Arabidopsis. These MdGST genes could be grouped into nine chief subclasses: U, F, L, Z, T, GHR, EF1Bγ, TCHQD, and DHAR. The structures, motifs, three-dimensional models, and chromosomal distribution of MdGST genes were further analyzed. Elements which are responsive for some hormones and stress, and others that involve genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis were forecast in the promoter of MdGST. In addition, we identified 32 orthologous gene pairs between apple and Arabidopsis. These genes indicated that numerous apple and Arabidopsis counterparts appeared to be derived from a common ancestor. Amongst the 38 MdGST genes, MdGSTU12 was considerably correlated with anthocyanin variation in terms of extracting expression profiles from reported. Finally, further functional identification in apple transgenic calli and subcellular localization confirmed that MdGSTU12 was of great significance in anthocyanin accumulation in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Da-Gang Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (Y.-W.Z.); (C.-K.W.); (X.-Y.H.)
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Liu W, Zhou Y, Duan W, Song J, Wei S, Xia S, Wang Y, Du X, Li E, Ren C, Wang W, Zhan Q, Wang Q. Glutathione peroxidase 4-dependent glutathione high-consumption drives acquired platinum chemoresistance in lung cancer-derived brain metastasis. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e517. [PMID: 34586745 PMCID: PMC8473645 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platinum-based chemotherapy is effective in inducing shrinkage of primary lung cancer lesions; however, it shows finite therapeutic efficacy in patients suffering from brain metastasis (BM). The intrinsic changes of BM cells, which contribute to the poor results remain unknown. METHODS Platinum drug-sensitivity was assessed by utilizing a preclinical BM model of PC9 lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. High consumption of glutathione (GSH) and two associated upregulated proteins (GPX4 and GSTM1) in BM were identified by integrated metabolomics and proteomics in cell lines and verified by clinical serum sample. Gain-of-function and rescue experiments were implemented to reveal the impact and mechanism of GPX4 and GSTM1 on the chemosensitivity in BM. The interaction between GPX4 and GSTM1 was examined by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. The mechanism of upregulation of GPX4 was further uncovered by luciferase reporter assay, immunoprecipitation, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS The derivative brain metastatic subpopulations (PC9-BrMs) of parental cells PC9 developed obvious resistance to platinum. Radically altered profiles of BM metabolism and protein expression compared with primary lung cancer cells were described and GPX4 and GSTM1 were identified as being responsible for the high consumption of GSH, leading to decreased chemosensitivity by negatively regulating ferroptosis. Besides, GSTM1 was found regulated by GPX4, which was transcriptionally activated by the Wnt/NR2F2 signaling axis in BM. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings demonstrated that Wnt/NR2F2/GPX4 promoted acquired chemoresistance by suppressing ferroptosis with high consumption of GSH. GPX4 inhibitor was found to augment the anticancer effect of platinum drugs in lung cancer BM, providing novel strategies for lung cancer patients with BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Liu
- Cancer Translational Medicine Research Center, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Lung Cancer, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenzhe Duan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Song Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shengkai Xia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingyan Wang
- Laboratory Center for Diagnostics, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Lung Cancer, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Encheng Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Caixia Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qimin Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Cancer Translational Medicine Research Center, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Lung Cancer, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Zhao G, Zhao W, Cui X, Xu B, Liu Q, Li H, Guo X. Identification of an MGST2 gene and analysis of its function in antioxidant processes in Apis cerana cerana. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2021; 106:e21770. [PMID: 33660279 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
MGST2 is a member of the MAPEG superfamily, which participates in LTC4 synthesis and plays important roles in the regulation of the oxidative stress pathway and some diseases. Here, we isolated a previously uncharacterized gene in Apis cerana cerana named AccMGST2 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The biological characteristics of AccMGST2 were analyzed by bioinformatics. The amino acid sequence similarity between AccMGST2 and AmMGST2 of Apis mellifera reached 96.08%. The expression characteristics of AccMGST2 were explored in several tissues. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results showed that the AccMGST2 gene was highly expressed in the head and muscle and that AccMGST2 expression responded to oxidative stress caused by different abiotic stresses. AccMGST2 was silenced using RNA interference, which decreased the expression levels of some MAPK and antioxidant genes. Therefore, we conclude that AccMGST2 is involved in the regulation of oxidative stress in A. cerana cerana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Wenchun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xuepei Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Qingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Han Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
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Yang X, Wu Z, Gao J. Effects of conserved Arg20, Glu74 and Asp77 on the structure and function of a tau class glutathione S-transferase in rice. Plant Mol Biol 2021; 105:451-462. [PMID: 33387174 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The relative position of domains is critical for enzymatic properties of tau class glutathione S-transferases, and altering the position of linker far away from the active center affects catalytic property. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of phase II detoxification enzymes whose main function is to improve plant resistance to stresses. To understand the structural effects of tau class GSTs on their function, using OsGSTU17 as an example, we predicted the residues involved in the interactions between its domains and linker region. We further detected the structural changes in mutants and the corresponding changes in terms of substrate activity and kinetic parameters. Four pairs of residues, including Ala14 and Trp165, Arg20 and Tyr154, Glu74 and Arg98, Asp77 and Met87, forming hydrogen bonds and salt bridges were found to play important roles in maintaining the relative position between the domains and linker region inside the protein. The hydrogen bond between Trp165 and Ala14 affected the structural stability has been demonstrated in our previous study. The mutant R20A lost almost all catalytic activity. Interestingly, the mutant E74A exhibited a significant decrease in activity towards 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1, 3-diazole, 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene and 4-nitrobenzyl chloride, while its activity towards substrate cumene hydroperoxide remained unchanged. Compared with other mutants, the mutant D77A exhibited decreased affinity to its substrates and increased activity towards 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene and cumene hydroperoxide, but its thermodynamic stability did not change significantly. The relative position of individual domain was critical for enzymatic properties, and the linker which is far away from the active site could change the enzymatic properties of GSTs via altering the relative position of the individual domain. Our results provide insights into the relationship between structure and function of tau class GSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Zhihai Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Jie Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, 666303, Yunnan, China.
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China.
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DeMarini DM, Warren SH, Smith WJ, Richardson SD, Liberatore HK. Inability of GSTT1 to activate iodinated halomethanes to mutagens in Salmonella. Environ Mol Mutagen 2021; 62:168-176. [PMID: 33484035 PMCID: PMC8051615 DOI: 10.1002/em.22423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs), including the ubiquitous trihalomethanes (THMs), are formed during the treatment of water with disinfectants (e.g., chlorine, chloramines) to produce and distribute potable water. Brominated THMs (Br-THMs) are activated to mutagens via glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1); however, iodinated THMs (I-THMs) have never been evaluated for activation by GSTT1. Among the I-THMs, only triiodomethane (iodoform) has been tested previously for mutagenicity in Salmonella and was positive (in the absence of GSTT1) in three strains (TA98, TA100, and BA13), all of which have error-prone DNA repair (pKM101). We evaluated five I-THMs (chlorodiiodomethane, dichloroiodomethane, dibromoiodomethane, bromochloroiodomethane, and triiodomethane) for mutagenicity in Salmonella strain RSJ100, which expresses GSTT1, and its homologue TPT100, which does not; neither strain has pKM101. We also evaluated chlorodiiodo-, dichloroiodo-, and dibromoiodo-methanes in strain TA100 +/- rat liver S9 mix; TA100 has pKM101. None was mutagenic in any of the strains. The I-THMs were generally more cytotoxic than their brominated and chlorinated analogues but less cytotoxic than analogous trihalonitromethanes tested previously. All five I-THMs showed similar thresholds for cytotoxicity at ~2.5 μmoles/plate, possibly due to release of iodine, a well-known antimicrobial. Although none of these I-THMs was activated by GSTT1, iodoform appears to be the only I-THM that is mutagenic in Salmonella, only in strains deficient in nucleotide excision repair (uvrB) and having pKM101. Given that only iodoform is mutagenic among the I-THMs and is generally present at low concentrations in drinking water, the I-THMs likely play little role in the mutagenicity of drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. DeMarini
- Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Sarah H. Warren
- Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | | | - Susan D. Richardson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Hannah K. Liberatore
- Chemical Characterization and Exposure Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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12
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Udayantha HMV, Liyanage DS, Nadarajapillai K, Omeka WKM, Yang H, Jeong T, Lee J. Molecular characterization, immune and xenobiotic responses of glutathione S-transferase omega 1 from the big-belly seahorse: Novel insights into antiviral defense. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2021; 109:62-70. [PMID: 33348035 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are important enzymes involved in phase II detoxification and function by conjugating with the thiol group of glutathione. In this study, we isolated an omega class GST from the big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis; HaGSTO1) to study the putative xenobiotic responses and defense ability against viral and bacterial infections in this animal. The isolated HaGSTO1 gene, with a cording sequence of 720 bp, encodes a peptide of 239 amino acids. The predicted molecular mass and theoretical isoelectric point of HaGSTO1 was 27.47 kDa and 8.13, respectively. In-silico analysis of HaGSTO1 revealed a characteristic N-terminal thioredoxin-like domain and a C-terminal domain. Unlike other GSTs, the C-terminal of HaGSTO1 reached up to the N-terminal, and the N-terminal functional group was cysteine rather than tyrosine or serine, as observed in other GSTs. Phylogenetic analysis showed the evolutionary proximity of HaGSTO1 with other identified vertebrate and invertebrate GST orthologs. For the first time, we demonstrated the viral defense capability of HaGSTO1 against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) infection. All six nucleoproteins of VHSV were significantly downregulated in HaGSTO1-overexpressing FHM cells at 24 h after infection compared with those in the control. Moreover, arsenic toxicity was significantly reduced in HaGSTO1-overexpressing FHM cells, and cell viability increased. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that HaGSTO1 transcripts were highly expressed in the pouch and gill when compared with those in other tissues. Blood HaGSTO1 transcripts were significantly upregulated after Edwardsiella tarda, Streptococcus iniae, lipopolysaccharide, and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid challenge experiments. Collectively, these findings suggest the involvement of HaGSTO1 in the host defense mechanism of seahorses.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M V Udayantha
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Liyanage
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Kishanthini Nadarajapillai
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - W K M Omeka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Yang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyug Jeong
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Ahmadi S, Ghafouri H, Tarazi S, Sarikhan S, Kh OS. Cloning, purification and biochemical characterization of two glutathione S-transferase isoforms from Rutilus frisii kutum. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 179:105800. [PMID: 33248224 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases are an important multifunctional family of intracellular enzymes that their detoxification function has been reported in fishes since 1970, but no studies have been conducted on Rutilus frisii kutum GSTs yet. In the present study, RkGSTA and RkGSTM encoding genes were cloned and sequenced and their nucleotide sequences were submitted to NCBI GenBank. In order to reduce the expression challenges of recombinant proteins including low solubility, low yield and insufficient purity issues in E. coli, the pKJE7 chaperone plasmid was used to increase the recovery of expressed proteins in the soluble fractions. Best expression clone was selected for purification by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The three-dimensional structural models were constructed by I-TASSER. The optimum temperature of purified RkGSTA and RkGSTM was 35 and 30 °C, with optimum activity at pH 9.0 and 8.5, respectively. The thermostability and pH stability results indicated that RkGSTA is more heat-tolerant than RkGSTM though both of them retained more than 80% of their activities at pH 6.5 to 9.0. Overall, this study represents a comprehensive perspective on the structural and biochemical aspects of this enzyme that would be even used in further researches such as drug design studies in order to eliminate toxicant compounds from the body and environment of fishes to protect them against undesired harmful damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Ahmadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghafouri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran; Department of Marine Sciences, The Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Sara Tarazi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sajjad Sarikhan
- Molecular Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center (IBRC), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Saberi Kh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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14
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Hu C, Wei ZH, Li PR, Harwood JD, Li XY, Yang XQ. Identification and Functional Characterization of a Sigma Glutathione S-Transferase CpGSTs2 Involved in λ-Cyhalothrin Resistance in the Codling Moth Cydia pomonella. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:12585-12594. [PMID: 33107730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), is a quarantine pest of global significance impacting pome fruits and walnuts. It has evolved resistance to many commonly used insecticides including λ-cyhalothrin. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional enzymes playing a crucial role in the detoxification of insecticides in insects. However, the role of specific GST gene in λ-cyhalothrin resistance in C. pomonella is unclear. In this study, we identified three sigma-class genes (CpGSTs1, CpGSTs2, and CpGSTs3). These genes were ubiquitously expressed at all developmental stages, and of these, the expression level of CpGSTs2 in the larval stage was significantly higher than in the egg, pupal, and adult stages. Moreover, CpGSTs2 was predominantly expressed in the fat body while lower levels in the cuticle. In addition to exposure of larvae to LD10 of λ-cyhalothrin elevating the expression level of CpGSTs2, mRNA levels of CpGSTs2 in a field population (ZW_R) from northeast China, which has developed moderate level resistance to λ-cyhalothrin, was significantly higher than that of susceptible strains. In vitro inhibition assays demonstrated that λ-cyhalothrin inhibited the conjugating activities of recombinant CpGSTs2, and metabolic assays indicated that λ-cyhalothrin could be depleted by recombinant CpGSTs2. These results bring evidence for the involvement of CpGSTs2 in C. pomonella in resistance to λ-cyhalothrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Zi-Han Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Pei-Rong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - James D Harwood
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xue-Qing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
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15
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Wingert V, Mukherjee S, Esser AJ, Behringer S, Tanimowo S, Klenzendorf M, Derevenkov IA, Makarov SV, Jacobsen DW, Spiekerkoetter U, Hannibal L. Thiolatocobalamins repair the activity of pathogenic variants of the human cobalamin processing enzyme CblC. Biochimie 2020; 183:108-125. [PMID: 33190793 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Thiolatocobalamins are a class of cobalamins comprised of naturally occurring and synthetic ligands. Glutathionylcobalamin (GSCbl) occurs naturally in mammalian cells, and also as an intermediate in the glutathione-dependent dealkylation of methylcobalamin (MeCbl) to form cob(I)alamin by pure recombinant CblC from C. elegans. Glutathione-driven deglutathionylation of GSCbl was demonstrated both in mammalian as well as in C. elegans CblC. Dethiolation is orders of magnitude faster than dealkylation of Co-C bonded cobalamins, which motivated us to investigate two synthetic thiolatocobalamins as substrates to repair the enzymatic activity of pathogenic CblC variants in humans. We report the synthesis and kinetic characterization of cysteaminylcobalamin (CyaCbl) and 2-mercaptopropionylglycinocobalamin (MpgCbl). Both CyaCbl and MpgCbl were obtained in high purity (90-95%) and yield (78-85%). UV-visible spectral properties agreed with those reported for other thiolatocobalamins with absorbance maxima observed at 372 nm and 532 nm. Both CyaCbl and MpgCbl bound to wild type human recombinant CblC inducing spectral blue-shifts characteristic of the respective base-on to base-off transitions. Addition of excess glutathione (GSH) resulted in rapid elimination of the β-ligand to give aquacobalamin (H2OCbl) as the reaction product under aerobic conditions. Further, CyaCbl and MpgCbl underwent spontaneous dethiolation thereby repairing the loss of activity of pathogenic variants of human CblC, namely R161G and R161Q. We posit that thiolatocobalamins could be exploited therapeutically for the treatment of inborn errors of metabolism that impair processing of dietary and supplemental cobalamin forms. While these disorders are targets for newborn screening in some countries, there is currently no effective treatment available to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Wingert
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Srijan Mukherjee
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna J Esser
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sidney Behringer
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Segun Tanimowo
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melissa Klenzendorf
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ilia A Derevenkov
- Department of Food Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei V Makarov
- Department of Food Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo, Russian Federation
| | - Donald W Jacobsen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Ute Spiekerkoetter
- Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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16
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Inouye S, Nakamura M, Taguchi J, Hosoya T. Identification of a novel oxidation product from yellow fluorophore in the complex of apoPholasin and dehydrocoelenterazine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127435. [PMID: 32717370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The complex of the recombinant fusion protein of apoPholasin and glutathione S-transferase (GST-apoPholasin) with non-fluorescent dehydrocoelenterazine (dCTZ) (GST-apoPholasin/dCTZ complex) shows yellow fluorescence at 539 nm by excitation at 430 nm. The GST-apoPholasin/dCTZ complex with a fluorophore (dCTZ*) has considerably weak luminescence activity, converting slowly to a blue fluorescence protein with the emission peak at 430 nm. The main oxidation products from dCTZ* for blue fluorescence were identified as coelenteramine (CTM) and an unreported pyrazine derivative, 3-benzyl-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyrazin-2(1H)-one (CTO) that was confirmed by chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Inouye
- Yokohama Research Center, JNC Corporation, 5-1 Okawa, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8605, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Nakamura
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Jumpei Taguchi
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Hosoya
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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17
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Akumadu BO, Pandian R, Olfsen J, Worth R, Thulo M, Mentor T, Fanucchi S, Sayed Y, Dirr HW, Achilonu I. Molecular basis of inhibition of Schistosoma japonicum glutathione transferase by ellagic acid: Insights into biophysical and structural studies. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2020; 240:111319. [PMID: 32961204 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2020.111319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Schistosoma japonicum glutathione transferase (Sj26GST), an enzyme central to detoxification of electrophilic compounds in the parasite, is upregulated in response to drug treatment. Therefore, Sj26GST may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of schistosomiasis. Herewith, we describe the structural basis of inhibition of Sj26GST by ellagic acid (EA). Using 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and reduced glutathione (GSH) as Sj26GST substrates, EA was shown to inhibit Sj26GST activity by 66 % with an IC50 of 2.4 μM. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that EA altered the polarity of the environment of intrinsic tryptophan and that EA decreased (in a dose-dependent manner) the interaction between Sj26GST and 8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), which is a known GST H-site ligand. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the interaction between Sj26GST and EA is spontaneous (ΔG = -29.88 ± 0.07 kJ/mol), enthalpically-driven (ΔH = -9.48 ± 0.42 kJ/mol) with a favourable entropic change (ΔS = 20.40 ± 0.08 kJ/mol/K), and with a stoichiometry of four EA molecules bound per Sj26GST dimer. The 1.53 Å-resolution Sj26GST crystal structure (P 21 21 21 space group) complexed with GSH and EA shows that EA binds primarily at the dimer interface, stabilised largely by Van der Waal forces and H-bonding. Besides, EA bound near the H-site and less than 3.5 Å from the ε-NH2 of the γ-glutamyl moiety of GSH, in each subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing O Akumadu
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Ramesh Pandian
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Jessica Olfsen
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Roland Worth
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Monare Thulo
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Tshireletso Mentor
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Sylvia Fanucchi
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Yasien Sayed
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Heini W Dirr
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Ikechukwu Achilonu
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
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18
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Hilario E, De Keyser S, Fan L. Structural and biochemical characterization of a glutathione transferase from the citrus canker pathogen Xanthomonas. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2020; 76:778-789. [PMID: 32744260 PMCID: PMC7397488 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798320009274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Xanthomonas comprises several cosmopolitan plant-pathogenic bacteria that affect more than 400 plant species, most of which are of economic interest. Citrus canker is a bacterial disease that affects citrus species, reducing fruit yield and quality, and is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xac). The Xac3819 gene, which has previously been reported to be important for citrus canker infection, encodes an uncharacterized glutathione S-transferase (GST) of 207 amino-acid residues in length (XacGST). Bacterial GSTs are implicated in a variety of metabolic processes such as protection against chemical and oxidative stresses. XacGST shares high sequence identity (45%) with the GstB dehalogenase from Escherichia coli O6:H1 strain CFT073 (EcGstB). Here, XacGST is reported to be able to conjugate glutathione (GSH) with bromoacetate with a Km of 6.67 ± 0.77 mM, a kcat of 42.69 ± 0.32 s-1 and a kcat/Km of 6.40 ± 0.72 mM-1 s-1 under a saturated GSH concentration (3.6 mM). These values are comparable to those previously reported for EcGstB. In addition, crystal structures of XacGST were determined in the apo form (PDB entry 6nxv) and in a GSH-bound complex (PDB entry 6nv6). XacGST has a canonical GST-like fold with a conserved serine residue (Ser12) at the GSH-binding site near the N-terminus, indicating XacGST to be a serine-type GST that probably belongs to the theta-class GSTs. GSH binding stabilizes a loop of about 20 residues containing a helix that is disordered in the apo XacGST structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Hilario
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Sawyer De Keyser
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Li Fan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
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19
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Song X, Pei L, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhong Q, Ji Y, Tang J, Feng F, Li B. Functional diversification of three delta-class glutathione S-transferases involved in development and detoxification in Tribolium castaneum. Insect Mol Biol 2020; 29:320-336. [PMID: 31999035 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are members of a multifunctional enzyme superfamily. Forty-one GSTs have been identified in Tribolium castaneum; however, none of the 41 GSTs has been functionally characterized. Here, three delta-class GSTs, TcGSTd1, TcGSTd2 and TcGSTd3, of T. castaneum were successfully cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. All of the studied GSTs catalysed the conjugation of reduced glutathione with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Insecticide treatment showed that the expression levels of TcGSTd3 and TcGSTd2 were significantly increased after exposure to phoxim and lambda-cyhalothrin, whereas TcGSTd1 was slightly upregulated only in response to phoxim. A disc diffusion assay showed that overexpression of TcGSTD3, but not TcGSTD1 or TcGSTD2, in E. coli increased resistance to paraquat-induced oxidative stress. RNA interference knockdown of TcGSTd1 caused metamorphosis deficiencies and reduced fecundity by regulating insulin/target-of-rapamycin signalling pathway-mediated ecdysteroid biosynthesis, and knockdown of TcGSTd3 led to reduced fertility and a decreased hatch rate of the offspring, probably caused by the reduced antioxidative activity in the reproductive organs. These results indicate that TcGSTd3 and TcGSTd2 may play vital roles in cellular detoxification, whereas TcGSTd1 may play essential roles in normal development of T. castaneum. These delta-class GSTs in T. castaneum have obtained different functions during the evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Pei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Q Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - B Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Georgakis N, Poudel N, Papageorgiou AC, Labrou NE. Comparative structural and functional analysis of phi class glutathione transferases involved in multiple-herbicide resistance of grass weeds and crops. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 149:266-276. [PMID: 32088578 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiple-herbicide resistant (MHR) weeds are a global problem and a looming threat to weed control in crops. MHR weeds express a specific phi class glutathione transferase (MHR-GSTF) which seems to contribute to herbicide resistance. The present work aims to investigate the structure and catalytic properties of the MHR-GSTFs from different grass weeds and crops (Alopecurus myosuroides, Lolium rigidum, Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum). Recombinant MHR-GSTFs were expressed in E. coli and purified by affinity chromatography. Kinetic analysis of substrate specificity using a range of thiol substrates and xenobiotic compounds suggested that all enzymes display a broad range of specificity and are capable of detoxifying major stress-induced toxic products. Notably, all tested enzymes exhibited high activity towards organic hydroperoxides. The crystal structure of MHR-GSTF from Alopecurus myosuroides (AmGSTF) was determined by molecular replacement at 1.33 Å resolution. The enzyme was resolved with bound glutathione sulfenic acid (GSOH) at the G-site and succinic acid at the H-site. The enzyme shows conserved structural features compared to other Phi class GSTs. However, some differences were observed at the C-terminal helix H9 that may affect substrate specificity. The structural and functional features of AmGSTF were compared with those of the homologue crop enzymes (HvGSTF and TaGSTF) and discussed in light of their contribution to the MHR mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Georgakis
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Nirmal Poudel
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20521, Finland
| | | | - Nikolaos E Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855, Athens, Greece.
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21
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Xie Y, Tummala P, Oakley AJ, Deora GS, Nakano Y, Rooke M, Cuellar ME, Strasser JM, Dahlin JL, Walters MA, Casarotto MG, Board PG, Baell JB. Development of Benzenesulfonamide Derivatives as Potent Glutathione Transferase Omega-1 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:2894-2914. [PMID: 32105470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione transferase omega-1 (GSTO1-1) is an enzyme whose function supports the activation of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 that are implicated in a variety of inflammatory disease states for which small-molecule inhibitors are sought. The potent reactivity of the active-site cysteine has resulted in reported inhibitors that act by covalent labeling. In this study, structure-activity relationship (SAR) elaboration of the reported GSTO1-1 inhibitor C1-27 was undertaken. Compounds were evaluated for inhibitory activity toward purified recombinant GSTO1-1 and for indicators of target engagement in cell-based assays. As covalent inhibitors, the kinact/KI values of selected compounds were determined, as well as in vivo pharmacokinetics analysis. Cocrystal structures of key novel compounds in complex with GSTO1-1 were also solved. This study represents the first application of a biochemical assay for GSTO1-1 to determine kinact/KI values for tested inhibitors and the most extensive set of cell-based data for a GSTO1-1 inhibitor SAR series reported to date. Our research culminated in the discovery of 25, which we propose as the preferred biochemical tool to interrogate cellular responses to GSTO1-1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyue Xie
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Padmaja Tummala
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Aaron J Oakley
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Girdhar Singh Deora
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Yuji Nakano
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Melissa Rooke
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Matthew E Cuellar
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
| | - Jessica M Strasser
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
| | - Jayme L Dahlin
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Michael A Walters
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
| | - Marco G Casarotto
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Philip G Board
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Jonathan B Baell
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- ARC Centre for Fragment-Based Design, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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22
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Ogunmoyole T, Adewale IO, Fodeke AA, Afolayan A. Catalytic studies of glutathione transferase from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) in dilute and crowded solutions. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 228:108648. [PMID: 31672530 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic properties of purified Clarias gariepinus glutathione transferase (CgGST) was studied in the presence of Ficoll 70, Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and in dilute solution. This was done to mimic the cytosol thereby unraveling the actual mechanism of detoxication involving glutathione transferase (GST) in the crowded intracellular milieu. CgGST from the liver of Clarias gariepinus was purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography on glutathione (GSH) - agarose. Initial-velocity study was performed by varying the concentrations of GSH at various fixed concentrations of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and vice-versa. Data obtained were fitted to the three equations representing random-ordered, compulsory-ordered and ping-pong mechanisms to obtain kinetic parameters. Product inhibition studies using sodium chloride (NaCl) was done by varying the concentrations of NaCl and CDNB at a fixed concentration of GSH and vice-versa. Data obtained were fitted to three equations representing competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive inhibitions to obtain the inhibition constants (KiGSH and KiCDNB). Optimal temperature of CgGST activity was 20 °C both in dilute and crowded solutions. Maximum velocity (Vmax) in dilute solution was decreased, while KmGSH and KmCDNB were increased in the presence of the crowding agents. Turnover number (kcat), catalytic efficiency - kcat/KmGSH,kcat/KmCDNB and inhibition constants - (KiGSH and KiCDNB) were reduced in crowded solutions. Mechanism of catalysis was steady - state random sequential in both dilute and crowded solutions. The study concluded that although the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme was reduced in crowded solution, mechanism of catalysis remains the same in both crowded and dilute solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temidayo Ogunmoyole
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
| | - Isaac Olusanjo Adewale
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria.
| | - Adedayo A Fodeke
- Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo, University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
| | - Adeyinka Afolayan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
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23
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Xu G, Teng ZW, Gu GX, Guo L, Wang F, Xiao S, Wang JL, Wang BB, Fang Q, Wang F, Song QS, Stanley D, Ye GY. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses of glutathione S-transferases in an endoparasitoid wasp, Pteromalus puparum. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2020; 103:e21634. [PMID: 31587360 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pteromalus puparum is a gregarious pupal endoparasitoid with a wide host range. It deposits eggs into pierid and papilionid butterfly pupae. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of multifunctional detoxification enzymes that act in xenobiotic metabolism in insects. Insect genome projects have facilitated identification and characterization of GST family members. We identified 20 putative GSTs in the P. puparum genome, including 19 cytosolic and one microsomal. Phylogenetic analysis showed that P. puparum GSTs are clustered into Hymenoptera-specific branches. Transcriptomic data of embryos, larvae, female pupae, male pupae, female adults, male adults, venom glands, carcass, salivary glands, and ovaries revealed stage-, sex-, and tissue-specific expression patterns of GSTs in P. puparum. This is the most comprehensive study of genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression profiling of GST family in hymenopterans. Our results provide valuable information for understanding the metabolic adaptation of this wasp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Wen Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Xiang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bei-Bei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Sheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - David Stanley
- USDA/ARS Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Gong-Yin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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24
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Dosadina E, Agyeiwaa C, Ferreira W, Cutting S, Jibawi A, Ferrari E, Soloviev M. Oriented Immobilization on Gold Nanoparticles of a Recombinant Therapeutic Zymogen. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2118:213-225. [PMID: 32152982 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0319-2_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Direct immobilization of functional proteins on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) affects their structure and function. Changes may vary widely and range from strong inhibition to the enhancement of protein function. More often though the outcome of direct protein immobilization results in protein misfolding and the loss of protein activity. Additional complications arise when the protein being immobilized is a zymogen which requires and relies on additional protein-protein interactions to exert its function. Here we describe molecular design of a glutathione-S-transferase-Staphylokinase fusion protein (GST-SAK) and its conjugation to AuNPs. The multivalent AuNP-(GST-SAK)n complexes generated show plasminogen activation activity in vitro. The methods described are transferable and could be adapted for conjugation and functional analysis of other plasminogen activators, thrombolytic preparations or other functional enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Dosadina
- Centre for Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Celetia Agyeiwaa
- Centre for Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - William Ferreira
- Centre for Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Simon Cutting
- Centre for Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Abdullah Jibawi
- Ashford and St. Peter's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Surrey, UK
| | - Enrico Ferrari
- College of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK
| | - Mikhail Soloviev
- Centre for Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK.
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25
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Saccardo A, Ma W, Soloviev M, Ferrari E. Directed and Modular Protein Immobilization on Gold and Silver Nanoparticles. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2118:227-234. [PMID: 32152983 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0319-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conjugation of proteins to gold nanoparticles (AuNP), silver nanoparticles (AgNP), or other metal nanoparticles (NPs) can often be achieved using passive adsorption. Although such an approach is simple and effective, there is usually no control over the orientation of the protein and denaturation due to close contact with the metal surface. The method described here makes use of adapter proteins which have the ability to adsorb to the NP surface in an oriented and stable way and at the same time enable straightforward attachment to other proteins of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenwei Ma
- College of Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - Mikhail Soloviev
- Centre for Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Enrico Ferrari
- College of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK.
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26
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Liu W, Tian J, Hou N, Yu N, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Identification, genomic organization and expression pattern of glutathione transferase in Pardosa pseudoannulata. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2019; 32:100626. [PMID: 31669773 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.100626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The pond wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata, is one of the dominant natural enemies in farmlands and plays important roles in controlling a range of insect pests. The spider is less sensitive to many insecticides than the target pests such as the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. The different sensitivity to a certain insecticide between species is mostly attributed to the differences in both molecular targets and detoxification enzymes. As one of the most important detoxification enzymes, glutathione transferases (GSTs) play a key role as phase II enzyme in the enzymic detoxification in organisms. Until now, there are few studies on spiders' GSTs, limiting the understanding of insecticide selectivity between insect pests and natural enemy spiders. In this study, based on the transcriptome and genome sequencing of P. pseudoannulata, thirteen full-length transcripts encoding GSTs were identified and analyzed. Interestingly, Delta family, which is thought to be specific to the Insecta, was identified in P. pseudoannulata. Further, vertebrate/mammalian-specific Mu family was also identified in P. pseudoannulata. The mRNA expression levels of cytosolic GSTs in different tissues were determined, and most GST genes were abundant in the gut and the fat body. To investigate GST candidates involving in insecticide detoxification, the mRNA levels of cytosolic GSTs were tested after spiders' exposure to either imidacloprid or deltamethrin. The results showed that PpGSTD3 and PpGSTT1 responded to at least one of these two insecticides. The present study helped understand the function of GSTs in P. pseudoannulata and enriched the genetic information of natural enemy spiders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiahua Tian
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Nannan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Na Yu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
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27
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Ye F, Zhai Y, Guo KL, Liu YX, Li N, Gao S, Zhao LX, Fu Y. Safeners Improve Maize Tolerance under Herbicide Toxicity Stress by Increasing the Activity of Enzymes in Vivo. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:11568-11576. [PMID: 31584809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Tribenuron-methyl (TM), as one of the sulfonylurea (SU) herbicides, has been widely and effectively applied for many kinds of plants. SUs inhibit plant growth by restraining the biosynthetic pathway of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) catalyzed by acetolactate synthase (ALS). Safeners are agrochemicals that protect crops from herbicide injuries. To improve the crop tolerance under TM toxicity stress, this paper evaluated the protective effect of N-tosyloxazolidine-3-carboxamide. It turned out that most of the tested compounds showed significant protection against TM via enhancing the glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity. Among all of the tested compounds, compound 16 exhibited more excellent protection than the contrast safener R-28725 and other target compounds. A positive correlation between the growth level, endogenous GSH content, and GST activity was observed in this research. The GST kinetic parameter Vmax of the maize was increased by 29.6% after treatment with compound 16, while Km was decreased by 51.9% compared to the untreated control. The molecular docking model indicated that compound 16 could compete with TM in the active site of ALS, which could interpret the protective effects of safeners. The present work demonstrated that N-tosyloxazolidine-3-carboxamide derivatives could be considered as potential candidates for developing new safeners in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Liang Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Xuan Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xia Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
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28
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Samaraweera AV, Sandamalika WMG, Liyanage DS, Lee S, Priyathilaka TT, Lee J. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 (GSTκ1) from the big belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis): Elucidation of its involvement in innate immune responses. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 92:356-366. [PMID: 31200074 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are essential enzymes for the bioactivation of xenobiotics through the conjugation of the thiol group of glutathione (GSH). In this study, a kappa class of GST was identified from the big belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) (HaGSTκ1) and its biochemical and functional properties were analyzed. HaGSTκ1 has 231 amino acids encoded by a 696 bp open reading frame (ORF). The protein has a predicted molecular mass of 26.04 kDa and theoretical isoelectric point (pI) of 8.28. It comprised a thioredoxin domain, disulfide bond formation protein A (DsbA) general fold, and Ser15 catalytic site as well as GSH-binding and polypeptide-binding sites. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that HaGSTκ1 is closely clustered with the kappa class of GSTs from teleost fishes. The recombinant (rHaGSTκ1) protein exhibited activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), 4-nitrobenzyl (4-NBC), and 4-nitrophenethyl bromide (4-NPB) but not 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (DCNB). The optimum pH and temperature were 8 and 30 °C, respectively, for the catalysis of CDNB and the universal substrate of GSTs. The rHaGSTκ1 activity was efficiently inhibited in the presence of Cibacron blue (CB) as compared with hematin. Most prominent expression of HaGSTκ1 was observed in the liver and kidney among the fourteen different tissues of normal seahorse. After challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), polyinosinic-polycytidylic (poly I:C), gram-negative Edwardsiella tarda, and gram-positive Streptococcus iniae, HaGSTκ1 expression was significantly modulated in the liver and blood tissues. Altogether, our study proposes the plausible important role of HaGSTκ1 in innate immunity and detoxification of harmful xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Vidurangi Samaraweera
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - W M Gayashani Sandamalika
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Liyanage
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukkyoung Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Thanthrige Thiunuwan Priyathilaka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Saruta F, Yamada N, Yamamoto K. Functional Analysis of an Epsilon-Class Glutathione S-Transferase From Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). J Insect Sci 2019; 19:5586714. [PMID: 31606747 PMCID: PMC6790247 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iez096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione conjugation is a crucial step in xenobiotic detoxification. In the current study, we have functionally characterized an epsilon-class glutathione S-transferase (GST) from a brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (nlGSTE). The amino acid sequence of nlGSTE revealed approximately 36-44% identity with epsilon-class GSTs of other species. The recombinant nlGSTE was prepared in soluble form by bacterial expression and was purified to homogeneity. Mutation experiments revealed that the putative substrate-binding sites, including Phe107, Arg112, Phe118, and Phe119, were important for glutathione transferase activity. Furthermore, inhibition study displayed that nlGSTE activity was affected by insecticides, proposing that, in brown planthopper, nlGSTE could recognize insecticides as substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Saruta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naotaka Yamada
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohji Yamamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Sandamalika WMG, Priyathilaka TT, Lee S, Yang H, Lee J. Immune and xenobiotic responses of glutathione S-Transferase theta (GST-θ) from marine invertebrate disk abalone (Haliotis discus discus): With molecular characterization and functional analysis. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 91:159-171. [PMID: 31091462 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Representing a multifunctional complex group of proteins, glutathione S- transferases (GSTs) play a major role in the phase II detoxification process in a wide range of organisms. This study focused on the potential detoxification ability of disk abalone (Haliotis discus discus) GST theta (AbGST-θ) under different stress conditions with special reference to post immune challenges. Characterization of AbGST-θ revealed with 226 amino acids, 26.6 kDa of predicted molecular mass and 8.9 of theoretical isoelectric point. As illustrated in the multiple sequence alignment, eight glutathione binding sites (G-sites) and ten substrate binding sites (H-sites) were identified in well-distinct N-terminal and C-terminal domains of AbGST-θ, respectively. AbGST-θ exhibited its highest sequence identity with Mizuhopecten yessoensis (59.1%) and the phylogenetic tree clearly positioned AbGST-θ with pre-defined GST-θ molluscan homologues. The AbGST-θ was highly expressed in the digestive tract of un-challenged abalones. Upon administering the challenge experiment, AbGST-θ showed significant modulations in their transcriptional levels depending on the time and the tissue type. The optimum temperature was 37 °C and optimum pH was 7.5 for AbGST-θ. The determined enzyme kinetic parameters of AbGST-θ showed low affinity towards 1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and glutathione (GSH) as substrates. Nonetheless, with Cibacron blue IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) was calculated to be 0.08 μM while observing 100% inhibition with 100 μM. Furthermore, AbGST-θ resulted in significant protection ability towards H2O2, CdCl2, and ZnCl2 in the disk diffusion assay. Collectively, this study provides evidences for the detoxification ability and the immunological host defensive capability of AbGST-θ in disk abalone.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Gayashani Sandamalika
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Thanthrige Thiunuwan Priyathilaka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongdo Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Yang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Liu Y, Qi Y, Zhang A, Wu H, Liu Z, Ren X. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of AcGST1, an anthocyanin-related glutathione S-transferase gene in kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis). Plant Mol Biol 2019; 100:451-465. [PMID: 31079310 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00870-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
AcGST1, an anthocyanin-related GST, may functions as a carrier to transport anthocyanins from ER to tonoplast in kiwifruit. It was positively regulated by AcMYBF110 through directly binding to its promoter. Anthocyanins are synthesized in the cytoplasmic surface of the endoplasmic reticulum but accumulate predominantly in the vacuole. Previous studies in model and ornamental plants have suggested that a member of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene family is involved in sequestration of anthocyanins into the vacuole. However, little is known about anthocyanin-related GST protein in kiwifruit. Here, four putative AcGSTs were identified from the genome of the red-fleshed Actinidia chinensis cv 'Hongyang'. Expression analyses reveal only the expression of AcGST1 was highly consistent with anthocyanin accumulation. Molecular complementation of Arabidopsis tt19 demonstrates AcGST1 can complement the anthocyanin-less phenotype of tt19. Transient expression in Actinidia arguta fruits further confirms that AcGST1 is functional in anthocyanin accumulation in kiwifruit. In vitro assays show the recombinant AcGST1 increases the water solubility of cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (C3Gal) and cyanidin-3-O-xylo-galactoside (C3XG). We further show that AcGST1 protein is localized not only in the ER but also on the tonoplast, indicating AcGST1 (like AtTT19) may functions as a carrier protein to transport anthocyanins to the tonoplast in kiwifruit. Moreover, the promoter of AcGST1 can be activated by AcMYBF110, based on results from transient dual-luciferase assays and yeast one-hybrid assays. EMSAs show that AcMYBF110 binds directly to CAGTTG and CCGTTG motifs in the AcGST1 promoter. These results indicate that AcMYBF110 plays an important role in transcriptional regulation of AcGST1 and, therefore, in controlling accumulation of anthocyanins in kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yingwei Qi
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Aling Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hanxiao Wu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhande Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Xiaolin Ren
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Türkan F, Huyut Z, Demir Y, Ertaş F, Beydemir Ş. The effects of some cephalosporins on acetylcholinesterase and glutathione S-transferase: an in vivo and in vitro study. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:235-243. [PMID: 29564935 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1452037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are important enzymes in the metabolism. GSTs are primarily available in phase II metabolism. AChE is vital for neurodegenerative disorders. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The in vitro and in vivo effects of cefoperazone sodium (CFP), cefuroxime (CXM), and cefazolin (CZO) were investigated on GST and AChE activity in the present study. GST was purified using Glutathione-Agarose affinity chromatography. RESULTS Ki constants of CFP, CXM, and CZO were 0.1392 ± 0.02, 1.5179 ± 0.33, and 1.006 ± 0.11 mM for GST and 0.3010 ± 0.07, 0.3561 ± 0.09, and 0.3844 ± 0.04 mM, for AChE, respectively. The most effective inhibitor was CFP for both enzymes in in vitro. CZO (50 mg/kg), CXM (25 mg/kg), and CFP (100 mg/kg) inhibit in vivo GST and AChE activities. CXM had the most effective in vivo inhibition on AChE and GST. CONCLUSIONS CZO, CXM, and CFP are effective AChE and GST inhibitors in both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikret Türkan
- a Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Tuzluca Vocational School , Iğdır University , Igdir , Turkey
| | - Zübeyir Huyut
- b Department of Biochemistry , Van Yüzüncü Yıl University , Van , Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- c Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Fatma Ertaş
- a Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Tuzluca Vocational School , Iğdır University , Igdir , Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- d Department of Biochemistry , Anadolu University , Eskişehir , Turkey
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Hou X, Tan L, Tang SF. Molecular mechanism study on the interactions of cadmium (II) ions with Arabidopsis thaliana glutathione transferase Phi8. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 216:411-417. [PMID: 30925335 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of cadmium ions may result in adverse effects on plant due to the oxidative stress via destructions of antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes. As the core component of the glutathione antioxidant system, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) have been reported as biomarkers for evaluating the metal-induced oxidative damage to plants, but the potential toxicity and underlying toxic molecular mechanisms remain unknown. This article investigated the molecular interactions of cadmium ions with Arabidopsis thaliana glutathione S-transferase phi8 (AtGSTF8) by multi-spectroscopic techniques and enzyme activity measurements. The intrinsic fluorescence of AtGSTF8 was quenched statically upon the addition of cadmium ions accompanied with the complex formation and structural and conformational alterations from multiple spectroscopic measurements, resulting in deconstructed protein skeleton and microenvironmental alterations around the Tyr and Trp residues. A single binding site was predicted for AtGSTF8 towards cadmium ions and the van der Walls interactions and hydrogen bonds are the major driving forces of the interaction. In addition, the transferase activity changes of AtGSTF8 upon the addition of cadmium ions have been observed. The implementation of this work helps to clarify the mechanism of oxidative damage and antioxidant enzymes response induced by heavy metal accumulation in plant at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Hou
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Lingling Tan
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Si-Fu Tang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Hamdi H, Othmène YB, Ammar O, Klifi A, Hallara E, Ghali FB, Houas Z, Najjar MF, Abid-Essefi S. Oxidative stress, genotoxicity, biochemical and histopathological modifications induced by epoxiconazole in liver and kidney of Wistar rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:17535-17547. [PMID: 31025280 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Epoxiconazole (EPX) is a triazole fungicide commonly used in agriculture and for domestic purposes around the world. The excessive application of this pesticide may result in a variety of adverse effects on non-target organisms, including humans. Since, the liver and kidneys are the target organs of this fungicide, potential hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects are of high relevance. Thus, our study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of EPX on the liver and kidney of Wistar rats. The exposure of rats to EPX at these concentrations (8, 24, 40, 56 mg/kg bw representing, respectively, NOEL (no observed effect level), NOEL × 3, NOEL × 5, and NOEL × 7) for 28 days significantly enhances hepatic and renal lipid peroxidation which is accompanied by an increase in the level of protein oxidation. Furthermore, the results of the present study clearly indicated that EPX administration induces an increase in the levels of DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the activities of liver and kidney antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) are increased significantly in EPX-treated rats at concentrations of 8, 24, and 40 mg/kg bw. However, with the dose NOEL × 7 (56 mg/kg bw of EPX), the activities of CAT, GPx, and GST are decreased. Indeed, EPX-intoxicated rats revealed a significant reduction in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in both liver and kidney compared with the control group. Also, our results demonstrated that the EPX administration leads to a disruption of the hepatic (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) and renal (uric acid and creatinine) functions. The biochemical perturbations obtained in the present study are corroborated with the histopathological modifications. Since EPX treatment caused severe damage in the overall histo-architecture of liver and kidney tissues, these results suggest that administration of EPX induced a marked deregulation of liver and kidney functions. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Hamdi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Ben Othmène
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Oumaima Ammar
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetic (Research Unit of Genetic, Genotoxicity and Childhood Illness UR12ES10), Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Street Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Aida Klifi
- Research Laboratory "Bioressources: Integrative Biology & Valorisation", University of Monastir, Street Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Elhem Hallara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Hospital of Monastir, Fattouma Bourguiba University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Faten Ben Ghali
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Hospital of Monastir, Fattouma Bourguiba University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zohra Houas
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetic (Research Unit of Genetic, Genotoxicity and Childhood Illness UR12ES10), Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Street Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamec Fadhel Najjar
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Hospital of Monastir, Fattouma Bourguiba University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
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35
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Meng LW, Yuan GR, Lu XP, Jing TX, Zheng LS, Yong HX, Wang JJ. Two delta class glutathione S-transferases involved in the detoxification of malathion in Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:1527-1538. [PMID: 30610767 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), a widespread agricultural pest, has evolved resistance to many insecticides, including organophosphorus compounds. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are involved in xenobiotic detoxification and insecticide resistance in many insects. However, the role of delta class GSTs in detoxifying malathion in B. dorsalis is unknown. Here, we evaluated the roles of two delta class GSTs in malathion detoxification in this species. RESULTS Two delta class GSTs genes, BdGSTd1 and BdGSTd10, were characterized in B. dorsalis. They were highly expressed in 5-day-old adults, as well as in midgut and Malpighian tubules. Upon malathion exposure, the two genes were upregulated by 2.63- and 2.85-fold, respectively. Injection of double-stranded RNA targeting BdGSTd1 or BdGSTd10 significantly reduced their mRNA levels in adults and also significantly increased adult susceptibility to malathion. The expression of these two GSTs in Escherichia coli helped the host to endure malathion stress at a concentration of 10 µg mL-1 according to a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. High-performance liquid chromatography analyses indicated that malathion could be significantly depleted by the two delta GSTs. The role of BdGSTd10 in malathion sequestration was also discussed. CONCLUSION BdGSTd1 and BdGSTd10 play important roles in the detoxification of malathion in B. dorsalis. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-Rui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue-Ping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian-Xing Jing
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Sha Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han-Xiao Yong
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Gomes A, Correia AT, Nunes B. Worms on drugs: ecotoxicological effects of acetylsalicylic acid on the Polychaeta species Hediste diversicolor in terms of biochemical and histological alterations. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:13619-13629. [PMID: 30919192 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04880-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are important environmental stressors since they have a worldwide use; they are usually released in the aquatic compartment without adequate treatment, and because of their intrinsic properties, they may affect several non-target organisms. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), the active substance of aspirin, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, being one of the most widely prescribed analgesics in human medical care. Consequently, this compound is systematically reported to occur in the wild, where it may exert toxic effects on non-target species, which are mostly uncharacterized so far. The objective of the present work was to assess the acute and chronic effects of ASA on selected oxidative stress biomarkers [catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GRed), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST)], lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance), and histological alterations in the polychaete Hediste diversicolor (Annelida: Polychaeta). The obtained data showed that ASA is not exempt of toxicity, since it was responsible for significant, albeit transient, changes in biomarkers related to the redox status of the organisms, occurring as an increase in the activity of catalase in the individuals exposed acutely to ASA. Chronic exposure to ecologically relevant concentrations of this drug showed to be mostly ineffective in promoting any significant biochemical alteration in H. diversicolor. However, histochemical observations revealed proliferation of mucous cells in the tegument of chronically exposed individuals to ASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gomes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro (UA), Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alberto Teodorico Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde (FCS), Universidade Fernando Pessoa (UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro (UA), Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Li L, Zhao Y, Cao R, Li L, Cai G, Li J, Qi X, Chen S, Zhang Z. Activity-based protein profiling reveals GSTO1 as the covalent target of piperlongumine and a promising target for combination therapy for cancer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4407-4410. [PMID: 30916079 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00917e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Through systematic target identification for piperlongumine, a cancer-selective killing molecule, we identified GSTO1 as its major covalent target for cancer cell death induction. We also reveal that GSTO1 inhibition is a promising combination strategy with other anti-cancer agents by drug combination screening in which piperlongumine exhibits broad-spectrum synergistic effects with a large proportion of the tested anti-cancer agents, especially with PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 7 Science Park Rd., ZGC Life Science Park, Beijing, P. R. China.
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Bašica B, Mihaljević I, Maraković N, Kovačević R, Smital T. Molecular characterization of zebrafish Gstr1, the only member of teleost-specific glutathione S- transferase class. Aquat Toxicol 2019; 208:196-207. [PMID: 30682622 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional phase II detoxification enzymes with primary function of glutathione conjugation of various endogenous and exogenous compounds. Teleost-specific Gstr1 in zebrafish (Danio rerio) was previously shown to have high expression in toxicologically relevant tissues and high activity towards model substrates. The aim of this study was a detailed functional characterization of zebrafish Gstr1. Molecular docking analyses were used to get novel insight into structural characteristics of Gstr1 and elucidation of the mechanistic interactions with both GSH and various Gstr1 substrates or inhibitors. An initial screening inhibition assay performed using model fluorescence substrate monochlorobimane (MCB) revealed interactions of different endogenous compounds and environmentally relevant xenobiotics with zebrafish Gstr1. All interacting compounds were further analyzed to determine their inhibition type and Ki values. Our data revealed that pregnenolone, progesterone, testosterone, DHEAS and corticosterone competitively inhibited transformation of MCB by Gstr1 with the calculated Ki values in the range 14-26 μM, implying that these hormones are physiological substrates of zebrafish Gstr1. Estrogens had no effect on Gstr1 activity. Taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC) expressed lower inhibition potency toward Gstr1 with the Ki value of 33 μM. Among tested xenobiotics tributyltin chloride and rifampicin non-enzymatically bound Gstr1 enzyme (the calculated Ki values are 0.26 μM and 65 μM, respectively) and inhibited its activity, showing that these compounds are reversible noncompetitive inhibitors of zebrafish Gstr1. Insecticide diazinon competitively inhibited Gstr1 activity with calculated Ki value of 27 μM, while other Gstr1-interacting insecticides, chlorpyrifos-methyl (CPF-methyl) and malathion, showed allosteric activation-like effect. Among tested pharmaceuticals, tetracycline, erythromycin and methotrexate demonstrated competitive type of inhibition with the calculated Ki values of 17.5, 36.5 and 29 μM, respectively. In summary, we suggest that zebrafish Gstr1 has an important role in steroidogenesis, metabolism and/or physiological actions of androgens, but not estrogens in fish. Finally, our results imply the role of Gstr1 in metabolism of xenobiotics and protection of fish against deleterious environmental contaminants such as organophosphate insecticides and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branka Bašica
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivan Mihaljević
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Radmila Kovačević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tvrtko Smital
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Hou Y, Qiao C, Wang Y, Wang Y, Ren X, Wei Q, Wang Q. Cold-Adapted Glutathione S-Transferases from Antarctic Psychrophilic Bacterium Halomonas sp. ANT108: Heterologous Expression, Characterization, and Oxidative Resistance. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17030147. [PMID: 30832239 PMCID: PMC6471826 DOI: 10.3390/md17030147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases are one of the most important antioxidant enzymes to protect against oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species. In this study, a novel gst gene, designated as hsgst, was derived from Antarctic sea ice bacterium Halomonas sp. ANT108 and expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL21. The hsgst gene was 603 bp in length and encoded a protein of 200 amino acids. Compared with the mesophilic EcGST, homology modeling indicated HsGST had some structural characteristics of cold-adapted enzymes, such as higher frequency of glycine residues, lower frequency of proline and arginine residues, and reduced electrostatic interactions, which might be in relation to the high catalytic efficiency at low temperature. The recombinant HsGST (rHsGST) was purified to apparent homogeneity with Ni-affinity chromatography and its biochemical properties were investigated. The specific activity of the purified rHsGST was 254.20 nmol/min/mg. The optimum temperature and pH of enzyme were 25 °C and 7.5, respectively. Most importantly, rHsGST retained 41.67% of its maximal activity at 0 °C. 2.0 M NaCl and 0.2% H₂O₂ had no effect on the enzyme activity. Moreover, rHsGST exhibited its protective effects against oxidative stresses in E. coli cells. Due to its high catalytic efficiency and oxidative resistance at low temperature, rHsGST may be a potential candidate as antioxidant in low temperature health foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Hou
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Chenhui Qiao
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Yatong Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Xiulian Ren
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Qifeng Wei
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Quanfu Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China.
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Chronopoulou EG, Vlachakis D, Papageorgiou AC, Ataya FS, Labrou NE. Structure-based design and application of an engineered glutathione transferase for the development of an optical biosensor for pesticides determination. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:565-576. [PMID: 30590099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, a structure-based design approach was used for the generation of a novel variant of synthetic glutathione transferase (PvGmGSTU) with higher sensitivity towards pesticides. Molecular modelling studies revealed Phe117 as a key residue that contributes to the formation of the hydrophobic binding site (H-site) and modulates the affinity of the enzyme towards xenobiotic compounds. Site-saturation mutagenesis of position Phe117 created a library of PvGmGSTU variants with altered kinetic and binding properties. Screening of the library against twenty-five different pesticides, showed that the mutant enzyme Phe117Ile displays 3-fold higher catalytic efficiency and exhibits increased affinity towards α-endosulfan, compared to the wild-type enzyme. Based on these catalytic features the mutant enzyme Phe117Ile was explored for the development of an optical biosensor for α-endosulfan. The enzyme was entrapped in alkosixylane sol-gel system in the presence of two pH indicators (bromocresol purple and phenol red). The sensing signal was based on the inhibition of the sol-gel entrapped GST, with subsequent decrease of released [H+] by the catalytic reaction, measured by sol-gel entrapped indicators. The assay response at 562 nm was linear in the range pH = 4-7. Linear calibration curves were obtained for α-endosulfan in the range of 0-30 μΜ. The reproducibility of the assay response, expressed by relative standard deviation, was in the order of 4.1% (N = 28). The method was successfully applied to the determination of α-endosulfan in real water samples without sample preparation steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia G Chronopoulou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Farid S Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikolaos E Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855 Athens, Greece.
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Balakrishnan B, Su S, Zhang C, Chen M. Identification and Functional Characterization of Two Sigma Glutathione S-Transferase Genes From Bird Cherry-Oat Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae). J Econ Entomol 2019; 112:416-424. [PMID: 30371799 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), is an insect pest that persistently attacks wheat crops worldwide. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are important detoxification enzymes that play roles in insecticide resistance. In this study, we identified two GST genes (RpGSTS1 and RpGSTS2) from R. padi. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the genes are associated with the sigma class of insect GSTs. The RpGSTS1 and RpGSTS2 contain nine α-helices and five β-sheets connected by loops, and had 60 and 50% homology with the 3D structure of the Blattella germanica GST5. We tested the toxicity of chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, isoprocarb, sulfoxaflor, and λ-cyhalothrin to R. padi, and found that the toxicity of five insecticides to the aphid varied. The detoxification activity of GSTs and the expression patterns of RpGSTS1 and RpGSTS2 after insecticide treatments were also analyzed. Compared to the control, the GST activity was increased by 23, 18.5, 13, and 11.5% in aphids treated by LC50 concentrations of chlorpyrifos, isoprocarb, imidacloprid, and sulfoxaflor, respectively. Exposure to different chemical insecticides showed different effects on the expression of RpGSTS1 and RpGSTS2. These results indicate that RpGSTS1 and RpGSTS2 have unique biochemical characteristics and may play roles in resistance to insecticides in R. padi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balachandar Balakrishnan
- Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sha Su
- Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Cunhuan Zhang
- Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Maohua Chen
- Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
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Wang W, Hu C, Li XR, Wang XQ, Yang XQ. CpGSTd3 is a lambda-Cyhalothrin Metabolizing Glutathione S-Transferase from Cydia pomonella (L.). J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:1165-1172. [PMID: 30638381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the role of specific delta GST genes in the detoxification of lambda-cyhalothrin in the global quarantine fruit pest codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.). Real-time quantitative PCR shows that CpGSTd3 was ubiquitously expressed at all developmental stages and is most abundant in the larval stage and lowest in the egg stage; the mRNA level of CpGSTd3 is higher in the midgut and Malpighian tubules of fourth-instar larvae and abdomens of adults than in other tissues. Exposure of fourth-instar larvae to an LD10 dosage of lambda-cyhalothrin significantly induced the transcript of CpGSTd3 at 3 h, but the mRNA level was down-regulated after 12 h of treatment. Recombinant CpGSTd3 expressed in Escherichia coli was able to catalyze the conjugation of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and with an IC50 value of 0.65 mM for lambda-cyhalothrin. Metabolism assays indicate that recombinant CpGSTd3 could metabolize lambda-cyhalothrin. These results suggest that CpGSTd3 is probably a lambda-cyhalothrin metabolizing GST in C. pomonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
| | - Chao Hu
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
| | - Xin-Ru Li
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
| | - Xiao-Qi Wang
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
| | - Xue-Qing Yang
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
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Yang Q, Han XM, Gu JK, Liu YJ, Yang MJ, Zeng QY. Functional and structural profiles of GST gene family from three Populus species reveal the sequence-function decoupling of orthologous genes. New Phytol 2019; 221:1060-1073. [PMID: 30204242 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A common assumption in comparative genomics is that orthologous genes are functionally more similar than paralogous genes. However, the validity of this assumption needs to be assessed using robust experimental data. We conducted tissue-specific gene expression and protein function analyses of orthologous groups within the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene family in three closely related Populus species: Populus trichocarpa, Populus euphratica and Populus yatungensis. This study identified 21 GST orthologous groups in the three Populus species. Although the sequences of the GST orthologous groups were highly conserved, the divergence in enzymatic functions was prevalent. Through site-directed mutagenesis of orthologous proteins, this study revealed that nonsynonymous substitutions at key amino acid sites played an important role in the divergence of enzymatic functions. In particular, a single amino acid mutation (Arg39→Trp39) contributed to P. euphratica PeGSTU30 possessing high enzymatic activity via increasing the hydrophobicity of the active cavity. This study provided experimental evidence showing that orthologues belonging to the gene family have functional divergences. The nonsynonymous substitutions at a few amino acid sites resulted in functional divergence of the orthologous genes. Our findings provide new insights into the evolution of orthologous genes in closely related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xue-Min Han
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jin-Ke Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan-Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Mao-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qing-Yin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Fu DY, Xue YR, Guo Y, Qu Z, Li HW, Wu H, Wu Y. Strong red-emitting gold nanoclusters protected by glutathione S-transferase. Nanoscale 2018; 10:23141-23148. [PMID: 30515506 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr05691a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is distributed widely in tissues and has been proven to be vital in the body. For example, it catalyzes reduced glutathione (GSH) to a variety of electrophilic substances and thus protects cells against many toxic chemicals. Therefore, GST-related investigations have always been significant for medical and/or life sciences. In the present study, a new material of gold nanoclusters (Au-NCs) protected by GST, Au-NCs@GST, was fabricated via an improved one-step heating method. The products were fully characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectra. The results confirmed that around 10 gold atoms are encapsulated in one intact GST, forming Au-NCs@GST with strong (QY = 13.5%) red emission at 670 nm. Therefore, a new nanomaterial possessing both strong luminescence and bio-functions of GST was developed, and it has great potential in GST-related investigations. To prove the concept, Au-NCs@GST was successfully applied to detect metronidazole (MNZ) both in solution and in living cells. Therefore, in the present study, we report not only a new nanomaterial of Au-NCs@GST but also a feasible fluorescence probe for antibiotic detection. Both the improved synthetic method and the design concept can be extended to the fabrication of other kinds of metal nanoclusters using different functional proteins for various purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Yi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
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Zhao Y, Li Y. Modified neonicotinoid insecticide with bi-directional selective toxicity and drug resistance. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 164:467-473. [PMID: 30144707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model was established based on the molecular structures and the negative logarithm of experimental lethal concentration 50 values (pLC50) of neonicotinoid insecticides. Then, the mechanisms of bi-directional selective toxic effects and drug resistance were determined using homology modeling and molecular docking analyses. The results of the model showed that the 1-, 2-, 4-, and 12- positions of neonicotinoid insecticides strongly affected their toxicity, and that the introduction of bulky or electropositive groups at these positions could increase the pLC50 values. Using Compound 19 as a template, we designed 37 derivatives with greater toxicity (increased by 0.04-11.45%). Among them, 20 derivatives had bioconcentrations lower than that of Compound 19 (reduced by 0.38-147.88%). Further screening of Compound 19 and the 20 derivatives mentioned above by homology modeling and acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) molecular docking analyses showed that 10 derivatives had bi-directional selective toxic effects against pests and bees. Further docking analyses of Compound 19 and these 10 derivatives identified that Derivative-33 showed decreased docking with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S transferase (GST) in pests and enhanced docking with these enzymes in bees, indicating bi-directional selective resistance for pests and bees. Accordingly, Derivative-33 was selected as a new insecticide with high toxicity to pests and low toxicity to bees (bi-directional selective toxicity), low resistance in pest populations, and high resistance in bee populations. This study provides valuable reference data and will be useful for the development of strategies to produce new environmentally friendly pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; The State Key Laboratory of Regional Optimisation of Energy System, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Yu Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; The State Key Laboratory of Regional Optimisation of Energy System, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
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46
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Rajaiah Prabhu P, Moorthy SD, Madhumathi J, Pradhan SN, Perbandt M, Betzel C, Kaliraj P. Wucherria bancrofti glutathione S-Transferase: Insights into the 2.3 Å resolution X-ray structure and function, a therapeutic target for human lymphatic filariasis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:979-984. [PMID: 30297111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The notoriety of parasitic nematode survival is directly related to chronic pathogenicity, which is evident in human lymphatic filariasis. It is a disease of poverty which causes severe disability affecting more than 120 million people worldwide. These nematodes down-regulate host immune system through a myriad of strategies that includes secretion of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes like glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs). Earlier studies have shown Wuchereria bancrofti GST to be a potential therapeutic target. Parasite GSTs catalyse the conjugation of glutathione to xenobiotic and other endogenous electrophiles and are essential for their long-term survival in lymph tissues. Hence, the crystal structure of WbGST along with its cofactor GSH at 2.3 Å resolution was determined. Structural comparisons against host GST reveal distinct differences in the substrate binding sites. The parasite xenobiotic binding site is more substrate/solvent accessible. The structure also suggests the presence of putative non-catalytic binding sites that may permit sequestration of endogenous and exogenous ligands. The structure of WbGST also provides a case for the role of the π-cation interaction in stabilizing catalytic Tyr compared to stabilization interactions described for other GSTs. Hence, the obtained information regarding crucial differences in the active sites will support future design of parasite specific inhibitors. Further, the study also evaluates the inhibition of WbGST and its variants by antifilarial diethylcarbamazine through kinetic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Markus Perbandt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Betzel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany.
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Malik A, Khan JM, Alamery SF, Fouad D, Labrou NE, Daoud MS, Abdelkader MO, Ataya FS. Monomeric Camelus dromedarius GSTM1 at low pH is structurally more thermostable than its native dimeric form. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205274. [PMID: 30303997 PMCID: PMC6179282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S‒transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional enzymes that play an important role in detoxification, cellular signalling, and the stress response. Camelus dromedarius is well-adapted to survive in extreme desert climate and it has GSTs, for which limited information is available. This study investigated the structure-function and thermodynamic properties of a mu-class camel GST (CdGSTM1) at different pH. Recombinant CdGSTM1 (25.7 kDa) was expressed in E. coli and purified to homogeneity. Dimeric CdGSTM1 dissociated into stable but inactive monomeric subunits at low pH. Conformational and thermodynamic changes during the thermal unfolding pathway of dimeric and monomeric CdGSTM1 were characterised via a thermal shift assay and dynamic multimode spectroscopy (DMS). The thermal shift assay based on intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence revealed that CdGSTM1 underwent a two-state unfolding pathway at pH 1.0-10.0. Its Tm value varied with varying pH. Another orthogonal technique based on far-UV CD also exhibited two-state unfolding in the dimeric and monomeric states. Generally, proteins tend to lose structural integrity and stability at low pH; however, monomeric CdGSTM1 at pH 2.0 was thermally more stable and unfolded with lower van't Hoff enthalpy. The present findings provide essential information regarding the structural, functional, and thermodynamic properties of CdGSTM1 at pH 1.0-10.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajamaluddin Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Protein Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed M. Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman F. Alamery
- Department of Biochemistry, Protein Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nikolaos E. Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mohamed S. Daoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Protein Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Unit Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Kasr Al-Ainy University Hospital, Cairo University, El-Manial, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed O. Abdelkader
- Department of Biochemistry, Protein Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid S. Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, Protein Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Liu J, Li Y, Tian Z, Sun H, Chen X, Zheng S, Zhang Y. Identification of Key Residues Associated with the Interaction between Plutella xylostella Sigma-Class Glutathione S-Transferase and the Inhibitor S-Hexyl Glutathione. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:10169-10178. [PMID: 30207467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are important detoxification enzymes involved in the development of metabolic resistance in Plutella xylostella. Uncovering the interactions between representative PxGSTs and the inhibitor S-hexyl glutathione (GTX), helps in the development of effective PxGST inhibitors for resistance management. As the PxGST most severely inhibited by GTX, PxGSTσ (sigma-class PxGST) adopts the canonical fold of insect GSTs. The formation of the PxGSTσ-GTX complex is mainly driven by H-bond and hydrophobic interactions derived from the side chains of favorable residues. Of the residues composing the active site of PxGSTσ, Lys43 and Arg99 are two hot spots, first reported in the binding of GSH derivatives to GSTs. Such differences indicate the metabolism discrimination of different insect GSTs. Unfavorable interactions between the PxGSTσ active site and GTX are depicted as well. The research guides the discovery and optimization of PxGSTσ inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources & Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Yifan Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources & Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Zhen Tian
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection , Yangzhou University , Wenhui East Road, Number 48 , Yangzhou , Jiangsu 225009 , China
| | - Hong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources & Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Xi'en Chen
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky 40546 , United States
| | - Shengli Zheng
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy , Northwest A&F University , Number 3 Taicheng Road , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources & Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
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De Anna JS, Leggieri LR, Arias Darraz L, Cárcamo JG, Venturino A, Luquet CM. Effects of sequential exposure to water accommodated fraction of crude oil and chlorpyrifos on molecular and biochemical biomarkers in rainbow trout. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 212:47-55. [PMID: 30012402 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fish can be simultaneously or sequentially exposed to various kinds of pollutants, resulting in combined effects. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induce cytochrome P450 monooxygenase 1A (CYP1A) expression, which catalyzes the conversion of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) into its most active derivative, CPF-oxon. CPF-oxon inhibits CYP1A and other enzymes, including carboxylesterases (CEs) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). We studied the effects of an in vivo exposure to crude oil water accommodated fraction (WAF) followed by an ex vivo exposure of liver tissue to CPF on the expression of Cyp1a, AhR and ARNT mRNA, CYP1A protein and on the activity of biomarker enzymes in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Juvenile rainbow trout were exposed to WAF (62 μg L-1 TPH) for 48 h. Then, liver was dissected out, sliced and exposed to 20 μg L-1 CPF ex vivo for 1 h. Liver tissue was analyzed for mRNA and protein expression and for CEs, AChE, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and CYP1A (EROD) activity. WAF induced Cyp1a mRNA and CYP1A protein expression by 10-fold and 2.5-8.3-fold, respectively, with no effect of CPF. WAF induced AhR expression significantly (4-fold) in control but not in CPF treated liver tissue. ARNT mRNA expression was significantly lowered (5-fold) by WAF. CPF significantly reduced liver EROD activity, independently of WAF pre-treatment. CEs activity was significantly inhibited in an additive manner following in vivo exposure to WAF (42%) and ex vivo exposure to CPF (19%). CPF exposure inhibited AChE activity (37%) and increased GST activity (42%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta S De Anna
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, INIBIOMA- CONICET- CEAN, Ruta provincial 61, km 3, 8371 Junín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina.
| | - Leonardo R Leggieri
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, INIBIOMA- CONICET- CEAN, Ruta provincial 61, km 3, 8371 Junín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Luis Arias Darraz
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Juan G Cárcamo
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Chile
| | - Andrés Venturino
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue, CITAAC, UNCo-CONICET, Instituto de Biotecnología Agropecuaria del Comahue, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Ruta 151, km 12, 8303 Cinco Saltos, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Carlos M Luquet
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, INIBIOMA- CONICET- CEAN, Ruta provincial 61, km 3, 8371 Junín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina.
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50
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Du H, Liang H, Jiang Y, Qu X, Yan H, Liu X. Proteome responses of Gracilaria lemaneiformis exposed to lead stress. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 135:311-317. [PMID: 30301043 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Proteome response of plants is an important process that enables them to cope with environmental stress including metal stress. In this study, the proteome of Gracilaria lemaneiformis exposed to lead was investigated. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis revealed 123 protein spots, among which 14 proteins were significantly differentially expressed and identified using MALDI-TOF MS. Two of the up-regulated proteins were identified and predicted to be involved in photosynthesis and signal transduction, while eleven down-regulated proteins were functionally grouped into five classes including photosynthesis, energy metabolism, protein metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, and antioxidation proteins. There was also an up-regulation in superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, glutathione s-transferase, and heat-shock protein 70 upon Pb exposure. Proteomic studies provide a better picture of protein networks and metabolic pathways primarily involved in intracellular detoxification and defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, College of Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Honghao Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, College of Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, College of Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, College of Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibo Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, College of Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, College of Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China.
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