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Ahmad HI, Mahmood S, Hassan M, Sajid M, Ahmed I, Shokrollahi B, Shahzad AH, Abbas S, Raza S, Khan K, Muhammad SA, Fouad D, Ataya FS, Li Z. Genomic insights into Yak (Bos grunniens) adaptations for nutrient assimilation in high-altitudes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5650. [PMID: 38453987 PMCID: PMC10920680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
High-altitude environments present formidable challenges for survival and reproduction, with organisms facing limited oxygen availability and scarce nutrient resources. The yak (Bos grunniens), indigenous to the Tibetan Plateau, has notably adapted to these extreme conditions. This study delves into the genomic basis of the yak's adaptation, focusing on the positive selection acting on genes involved in nutrient assimilation pathways. Employing techniques in comparative genomics and molecular evolutionary analyses, we selected genes in the yak that show signs of positive selection associated with nutrient metabolism, absorption, and transport. Our findings reveal specific genetic adaptations related to nutrient metabolism in harsh climatic conditions. Notably, genes involved in energy metabolism, oxygen transport, and thermoregulation exhibited signs of positive selection, suggesting their crucial role in the yak's successful colonization of high-altitude regions. The study also sheds light on the yak's immune system adaptations, emphasizing genes involved in response to various stresses prevalent at elevated altitudes. Insights into the yak's genomic makeup provide valuable information for understanding the broader implications of high-altitude adaptations in mammalian evolution. They may contribute to efforts in enhancing livestock resilience to environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | - Sammina Mahmood
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mubashar Hassan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (Sub campus UVAS, Lahore), Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (Sub campus UVAS, Lahore), Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ahmed
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Borhan Shokrollahi
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang, 25340, Korea
- Department of Animal Science, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Abid Hussain Shahzad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (Sub campus UVAS, Lahore), Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Shaista Abbas
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Sanan Raza
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (Sub campus UVAS, Lahore), Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Komal Khan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Anatomy Section, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Sayyed Aun Muhammad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (Sub campus UVAS, Lahore), Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid S Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhengtian Li
- Qujing Normal University, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, 655011, Yunnan, China.
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Unar A, Sahito OM, Alsawalha L, Afridi HI, Ataya FS, Bashir MS, Fouad D, Talpur FN, Ali N. Correction: Determination of Toxic Elements in Cannabinoid and Opioid Drugs and Their Impact on Addicts' Health: A Comparative Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04131-6. [PMID: 38421581 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahsanullah Unar
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Naples, 80138, Italy.
| | - Oan Muhammad Sahito
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | | | - Hassan Imran Afridi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Sohail Bashir
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah Naz Talpur
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ali
- Department of Political Science, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Caserta, 81100, Italy
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Unar A, Sahito OM, Alsawalha L, Afridi HI, Ataya FS, Bashir MS, Fouad D, Talpur FN, Ali N. Determination of Toxic Elements in Cannabinoid and Opioid Drugs and Their Impact on Addicts' Health: A Comparative Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04096-6. [PMID: 38383917 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04096-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Drug addiction is associated with significant health risks, including cardiovascular complications, cancer, and mental disorders. Illicit drugs, such as cannabinoids and opioids, including prescription medications, are widely consumed and have profound health consequences. Understanding the health effects of the toxic elements in these substances is critical for overdose prevention and effective recovery strategies. This study aimed to determine toxic elements, including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and nickel (Ni), in cannabinoid and opioid drugs and in biological samples (whole blood, scalp hair, and serum) from 311 male drug abuse patients aged 15-60 years with a history of drug abuse. The participants were categorized into three age groups. The comparative analysis involved 113 reference subjects of the same age groups. The sample preparation employed microwave-assisted acid digestion, and the toxic elements were quantified using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Accuracy was ensured using certified reference materials for hair, whole blood, and serum samples. Drug-addicted subjects had significantly higher concentrations of toxic elements (arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and nickel) in biological samples than referent subjects (p > 0.001). Elevated levels of these toxic elements may increase susceptibility to infections, possibly due to malnutrition, drug-related effects, and additional contaminants. These findings necessitate further studies to explore the long-term health outcomes, potential treatment options, and broader socioeconomic impacts of substance abuse. This study serves as a baseline for future research in this critical public health field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsanullah Unar
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Oan Muhammad Sahito
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | | | - Hassan Imran Afridi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Sohail Bashir
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah Naz Talpur
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ali
- Department of Political Science, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', 81100, Caserta, Italy
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Chen B, Liu X, Wu S, Hou J, Shang P, Chamba Y, Mehmood K, Fouad D, Li Y, Zhang H. Inhalation of ammonia promotes apoptosis and induces autophagy in hepatocytes via Bax/BCl-2 and m-TOR/ATG5/LC-3bII axes. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169036. [PMID: 38061639 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is an irritating gas and atmospheric pollutant that endangers the health of humans and animals by stimulating respiratory tract's mucosa and causing liver damage. However, physiological role of ammonia gas in hepatotoxicity remains unclear. To investigate the hepatotoxic effects of inhaled ammonia gas, experiments were conducted using mouse model exposed to 100 ppm of ammonia gas for 21 days. The exposed mice exhibited signs of depression, emaciation, and reduced growth. This study revealed that inhalation of ammonia led to significant decrease in water (P < 0.0001) and food intake (P < 0.05), resulting in slower growth. Histopathological analysis showed that ammonia stress alters the microstructure of the liver by enlarging the gap between hepatic lobule and fibrosis. Moreover, ammonia-induced stress significantly reduces the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein BCl-2 (P < 0.001), while elevates the mRNA expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Bax (P < 0.001). Furthermore, ammonia inhalation significantly increases the protein expression of LC-3bII (P < 0.05) and the mRNA expression of autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) (P < 0.05) and p62 (P < 0.05) while remarkably decreases the mRNA expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (m-TOR) (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that inhalation of ammonia gas causes liver damage and suggests autophagy happening via m-TOR/p62/LC-3bII and pro-apoptosis effect mediated by Bax/BCl-2 in the liver damage caused by ammonia inhalation. Our study provides a new perspective on ammonia-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shouyan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junhong Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Peng Shang
- Animal Science College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Yangzom Chamba
- Animal Science College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Zhang J, Shi B, Lu S, Wang S, Ren X, Liu R, Dong H, Li K, Fouad D, Ataya FS, Mansoor MK, Qamar H, Wu Q. Metagenomic analysis for exploring the potential of Lactobacillus yoelii FYL1 to mitigate bacterial diarrhea and changes in the gut microbiota of juvenile yaks. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106496. [PMID: 38072228 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
Diarrhea in calves is a common disease that results in poor nutrient absorption, poor growth and early death which leads to productivity and economic losses. Therefore, it is important to explore the methods to reduce diarrhea in yak's calves. Efficacy of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for improvement of bacterial diarrhea is well recognized. For this purpose, two different doses (107 CFU, 1011 CFU) of Lactobacillus yoelii FYL1 isolated from yaks were fed to juvenile yaks exposed to E. coli O78. After a trial period of ten days fresh feces and intestinal contents of the experimental yaks were collected and metagenomics sequencing was performed. It was found that feeding a high dose of Lactobacillus yoelii FYL1 decreased abundance of phylum Firmicutes in the E. coli O78 infected group whereas, it was high in animals fed low dose of Lactobacillu yoelii FYL1. Results also revealed that counts of bacteria from the family Oscillospiraceae, genus Synergistes and Megasphaera were higher in control group whereas, order Bifidobacteriales and family Bifidobacteriaceae were higher in infected group. It was observed that bacterial counts for Pseudoruminococcus were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in animals of group that were given high dose of Lactobacillus yoelii FYL1 (HLAB). Compared to infected group multiple beneficial bacterial genera such as Deinococus and Clostridium were found higher in the animals that were given a low dose of Lactobacillus yoelii FYL1 (LLAB). The abundance of pathogenic bacterial genera that included Parascardovia, Bacteroides and Methanobrevibacter was decreased (P < 0.05) in the lower dose treated group. The results of functional analysis revealed that animals of LLAB had a higher metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides compared to animals of infected group. Virus annotation also presented a significant inhibitory effect of LLAB on some viruses (P < 0.05). It was concluded that L. yoelii FYL1 had an improved effect on gut microbiota of young yaks infected with E. coli O78. This experiment contributes to establish the positive effects of LAB supplementation while treating diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Zhang
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China; Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region Academy of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lhasa, 850009, China
| | - Sijia Lu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China
| | - Xiaoli Ren
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China
| | - Ruidong Liu
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China
| | - Hailong Dong
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China
| | - Kun Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Khalid Mansoor
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Qamar
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Qingxia Wu
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China.
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Ullah S, Halim SA, Ibrar A, Khan I, Ataya FS, Fouad D, Batiha GES, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Urease inhibitory potential of pyridine-containing triazolothiadiazole and triazolothiadiazine scaffolds for the treatment of ulceration and kidney stone: in vitro screening, kinetics mechanism, and in silico computational analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-10. [PMID: 38153364 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2291542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The hyperactivity of urease enzyme leads to various complications including gastritis and peptic ulcer. A diverse variety of natural and synthetic inhibitors have shown a tremendous potential to inhibit the urease enzyme, thus decreasing the hyperactivity and reducing the risk for the development of urinary calculi and other similar problems. Therefore, we herein report a family of fused heterocycles such as triazolothiadiazoles (4a-h, 5a-f) and triazolothiadiazines (6a-h) as potential antiurease agents with IC50 values in the range 10.41-41.20 µM. Several compounds were identified as potential lead candidates. Among them, compounds 4e and 4f from triazolothiadiazole series showed the highest inhibitory potential with IC50 values of 11.62 ± 0.34 and 10.35 ± 0.14 µM), respectively, whereas 6e from triazolothiadiazine series emerged as the most potent inhibitor with an IC50 value of 10.41 ± 0.13 µM. These compounds exhibited two-fold strong inhibitory efficacy against urease as compared to standard inhibitor, thiourea (IC50 = 22.48 ± 0.67 µM). The mechanistic insights from kinetics experiments for compounds 4e, 4f, and 6e revealed the competitive mode of inhibition with Ki values of 8.65 ± 0.004, 7.04 ± 0.012, and 8.31 ± 0.007 µM, respectively. The in vitro results were further explored through in silico computational docking analysis which reflects that binding of ligands with Ni ions and His492 play a crucial role in urease inhibition. In silico predicted physicochemical properties and ADME profile reflect drug-like nature of these molecules.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Aliya Ibrar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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Talib M, Nabeel MA, Haq SU, Waqas MS, Jamil H, Aqib AI, Muneer A, Fouad D, Ataya FS. Recent Trends in S. aureus and E. coli-Based Endometritis, and the Therapeutic Evaluation of Sodium Alginate-Based Antibiotics and Nanoparticles. Gels 2023; 9:955. [PMID: 38131941 PMCID: PMC10742869 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Postpartum infection of the uterus by pathogenic bacteria is exacerbated due to a lack of sufficient epidemiological studies and evidence-based therapeutics. Therefore, this study was planned to find the prevalence, risk factors, and drug-resistance profile of S. aureus and E. coli isolated from bovine endometritis and to evaluate the antibacterial potential of sodium alginate-based antibiotics and nanoparticles. The study revealed 34.21% S. aureus and 31.57% E. coli, whereas most of the assumed risk factors presented significant association in this study. S. aureus showed the highest resistance against fusidic acid (60%) and cefoxitin (50%), while the highest resistance in E. coli was found against fusidic acid (60%), gentamicin (60%), chloramphenicol (50%), and cefoxitin (50%). Tylosin coupled with MgO nanoparticles stabilized in sodium alginate gel (Tylo + MgO + gel) presented significantly lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against E. coli, showing 13.88 ± 4.51 µg/mL after 24 h incubation. On the other hand, gel-based preparations showed MIC as 31.25 ± 0 µg/mL (Tylo + gel + MgO) and 26.04 ± 9.02 µg/mL (Tylo + Gel) against S. aureus. Generally, the MICs of non-gel-based preparations were significantly higher against bacteria except ampicillin against S. aureus in this study. The toxicity analysis of MgO nanoparticles presented 20-80% mortality of snails against a wider range of 0.01 mg/mL-10 mg/mL. The histopathological parameters concluded MgO nanoparticles safe to use on off targets. The current study thus concludes the rise in antimicrobial resistance while the gel-based products appearing as effective antimicrobials with sufficient safety margins for off-targets. The study thus invites further investigation for the development of suitable and affordable modified therapeutics for better health and production of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzammil Talib
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China;
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.A.N.); (M.S.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Muhammad Ashir Nabeel
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.A.N.); (M.S.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Shahbaz Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China;
| | - Muhammad Salman Waqas
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.A.N.); (M.S.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Huma Jamil
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.A.N.); (M.S.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Amjad Islam Aqib
- Department of Medicine, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Afshan Muneer
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Sajid MS, Iqbal A, Rizwan HM, Kausar A, Tahir UB, Younus M, Maqbool M, Siddique RM, Fouad D, Ataya FS. Guardians of the Herd: Molecular Surveillance of Tick Vectors Uncovers Theileriosis Perils in Large Ruminants. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2684. [PMID: 38004696 PMCID: PMC10672939 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Theileria sp. (Piroplasmida: Theileriidae) is one of the most widely known infections transmitted by hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and has been linked to significant economic losses across the globe. The study's main emphasis was theileriosis, a disease that is common in Pakistan and has an incidence ranging from 0.6% to 33%. Through DNA screening of the vector ticks and host blood, this study sought to determine the risk of tick-borne theileriosis in populations of buffalos (Bubalus bubalis) and cattle (Bos indicus) in Toba Tek Singh district of Punjab, Pakistan. Identified tick species include Hyalomma anatolicum (35.4%), Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (30.2%), and R. sanguineus (25%). Tick specimens were collected from animals and their respective microenvironments. PCR assays targeting Theileria annulata were used to investigate the infection in the DNA extracted from the collected blood samples from large ruminants and salivary glands (SGs) of the Hyalomma ticks. The 18S rRNA of T. annulata was amplified using specific primers. Positive T. annulata amplicons were sequenced and verified using BLAST analysis. Overall, 50% of SGs contained T. annulate DNA. Female ticks, and those collected from cattle and from riverine environments had significantly higher (p < 0.05) rates of Theileria infection in their acini. Overall prevalence of Theileria infection was 35.9% in blood collected from large ruminants. Cattle had a substantially greater frequency of bovine theileriosis (43.2%) than buffalos (28.7%). Age and sex of large ruminants were significantly positively associated (p < 0.05) with Theileria infection. Furthermore, compared to non-riverine cattle (35%) and buffalo (19.5%), riverine cattle (52.2%) and buffalo (36.2%) showed a considerably higher prevalence. The results of this study, which is the first in Pakistan to examine the blood of large ruminants and vectorial function of Ixodid ticks in the transmission of T. annulata along with associated risk factors, offer an important insight for risk assessment of Theileria infection in livestock using vectorial infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohail Sajid
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (U.B.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Asif Iqbal
- Department of Parasitology, Riphah College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (A.I.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan
- Section of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, Khan Bahadur Chaudhary Mushtaq Ahmad College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Asma Kausar
- Livestock and Dairy Development (L&DD), Veterinary Research Institute, Lahore 54080, Pakistan;
| | - Urfa Bin Tahir
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (U.B.T.); (M.M.)
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Younus
- Section of Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, Khan Bahadur Chaudhary Mushtaq Ahmad College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Mahvish Maqbool
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (U.B.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Rao Muhammad Siddique
- Department of Parasitology, Riphah College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (A.I.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Basheer M, Bhat AH, Ahmad Hajam Y, Batiha GES, Ataya FS, Fouad D, Rai S. Melatonin as a promising therapeutic intervention for restoring ovarian function in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21237. [PMID: 38027664 PMCID: PMC10643099 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age and is characterized by multiple ovarian cysts, irregular menstrual cycles, and excessive androgen hormone production. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of melatonin in alleviating PCOS-induced alterations in female Wistar rats. PCOS was induced in female albino rats by administering letrozole at a dose of 1 mg/kg for 21 days. A total of 24 rats were randomly selected and divided into four groups: group I (normal control), group II (melatonin treatment), group III (letrozole treatment), and group IV (melatonin therapy for PCOS rats). Physical parameters (body and uterus weight), hormone profile (LH and FSH), and steroidogenic enzyme activities and an oral glucose test were assessed using standard methods. Histological analysis was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The results demonstrated that exogenous melatonin administration significantly improved PCOS symptoms in rats, including reduced body weight gain, changes in organ weight/body weight index, blood glucose level, percentage diestrus phase, testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, and LH/FSH ratio, as well as 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD enzyme activity. Histopathological findings revealed well-developed follicles, decreased cystic follicles, and increased antral follicles, Graafian follicles, and corpus luteum in PCOS rats treated with melatonin. These positive outcomes suggest that exogenous melatonin may hold promise as a valuable remedy for PCOS conditions in female rats. Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications of melatonin in the context of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muddasir Basheer
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India
- Department of Zoology, Government Degree College for Women, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir, 192101, India
| | - Aashaq Hussain Bhat
- Department of Biosciences, University Centre for Development and Research, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
- Experimental Biology Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Neuchatel, Neuchatel, Rue Emile Argland, 2000, Switzerland
| | - Younis Ahmad Hajam
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India
- Department of Life Sciences and Allied Health Sciences, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144030 India
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Farid S. Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box.22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seema Rai
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India
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Li L, Tu Y, Dai X, Xiao S, Tang Z, Wu Y, Fouad D, Ataya FS, Mehmood K, Li K. The effect of Abrus cantoniensis Hance on liver damage in mice. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 266:115560. [PMID: 37827094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a well-known organ contributing to digestion, hemostasis and detoxification, while liver injury is a world-widely distributed health problem with limited treatment choices. We detected the protective effect of Abrus cantoniensis Hance (ACH) on Carbon tetrachloride-induced (CCl4) liver injury in mice. Fifty ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) animals were grouped into five groups of control (a), CCl4 (d), ACH (25 mg/kg) treated group (c), ACH (50 mg/kg) treated group (b), and ACH (100 mg/kg) treated group (e). Mice in groups d, c, b, and e were given CCl4 every four days, and treated animals received daily ACH supplementation. The results showed that the daily body weights in CCl4-induced animals were slightly lower; however, the weight of ACH-treated mice increased, particularly in the higher dose group. Treatment with CCl4 led to increased liver weight and liver indices in mice, whereas supplementation with ACH reduced both liver weights and liver indices in animals. Histo-pathological analysis indicated that CCl4 led to inflammatory cell infiltration and hepatocellular degeneration, with collagenous fibers proliferation in ICR animals. In contrast, supplementation with ACH prominently decreased inflammatory cells and degeneration of hepatocytes and inhibited collagen fiber hyperplasia. Furthermore, the levels or concentrations of AST (p < 0.0001), ALT (p < 0.0001), MDA (p < 0.0001), IL-1β (p < 0.01), TNF-α (p < 0.01) and IL-6 (p < 0.01) were significantly higher in CCl4 induced ICR animals in group d. However, mice treated with ACH showed lower levels or concentrations of those indices in dose dependent manner. The levels of GSH-px (p < 0.0001), CAT (p < 0.0001) and SOD (p < 0.0001) were significantly reduced in CCl4 group; however, all these three enzymes exhibited significant (p < 0.05) increase in animals supplemented with ACH in dose dependent manner. The microbiome sequencing generated 1,168,327 filtered reads in the mice samples. A notable difference was observed in the composition of 6 phyla and 37 genera among the five ICR animal groups. Supplementation with ACH increased the abundance of beneficial genera of Coprococcus, Blautia and Clostridium, while concurrently decreased the presence of pathogenic genera of Mycoplasma and Helicobacter. In conclusion, we revealed that Abrus cantoniensis Hance has the potential to relieve liver damage induced by CCl4, through the reduction of inflammation, enhancement of antioxidant capacity, and regulation of intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yangli Tu
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Xiangjie Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Shengjia Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Zhiyi Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE JoInt. International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Kun Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE JoInt. International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Yusuf AA, Lawal B, Alozieuwa UB, Onikanni AS, Lukman HY, Fadaka AO, Olawale F, Osuji O, Sani S, Owolabi MS, Adewuyi AH, Yusuf DH, Batiha GES, Ataya FS, Fouad D. Attenuating effects of Azanza garckeana fractions on glycemo-impaired-associated dyslipidemia, hepatopathy, and nephropathy. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:5997-6014. [PMID: 37969197 PMCID: PMC10641334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of medicinal plants for diabetes treatment is increasing owing to their effectiveness and safety compared to synthetic drugs. Thus, the ameliorative effects of Azanza garckeana (F. Hoffm.) fractions in diabetes-induced dyslipidemia, hepatopathy, and nephropathy in rats were evaluated in this study. METHODS Rats with alloxan (120 mg/kg body weight (BW))-induced diabetes were randomized into different groups (n=5) and treated with the crude methanolic extract, and fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions) of A. garckeana each at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW. Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg BW) was used as a reference drug, and all treatments were administered orally daily for 6 weeks. RESULTS Our data revealed that treatment with the crude extract caused a dose-dependent hypoglycemic effect of 61.32±3.45%, 76.05±3.05%, and 78.59±5.90% at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW, respectively and improved the BW of the animals. The extract also ameliorated the elevated cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with untreated control animals. The extract also reversed serum biochemical alterations in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, total and direct bilirubin, urea, and uric acid that were observed in untreated diabetic rats. Interestingly, the A. garckeana fraction also exhibited significant protection against diabetes-induced dyslipidemia, hepatopathy, and nephropathy in rats, with the ethyl acetate fraction exhibiting a remarkable protective effect. The LC-MS characterisation of the active fraction identified the presence of various phenolic and flavonoid compounds that could be responsible for the bioactivity of the fraction. CONCLUSION Collectively, this study suggests the potential application of A. garckeana for effective treatment of diabetic nephropathy, with the ethyl acetate fraction of this plant representing a reserve of potential candidates for developing new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bashir Lawal
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Academia SinicaTaipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology & Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031, Taiwan
| | | | - Amos S Onikanni
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Afe-Babalola UniversityAdo-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Halimat Yusuf Lukman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Summit UniversityOffa, PMB 4412, Nigeria
| | - Adewale O Fadaka
- Department of Biotechnology, University of The Western CapeBelleville, South Africa
| | - Femi Olawale
- Nano Gene and Drug Delivery Group, University of Kwazulu NatalSouth Africa
| | - Obinna Osuji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu AlikeP.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Saidu Sani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Federal University Ndufu-Alike IkwoP.M.B. 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour UniversityDamanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Farid S Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud UniversityPO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityPO Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
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Talpur FN, Unar A, Bhatti SK, Alsawalha L, Fouad D, Bashir H, Afridi HI, Ataya FS, Jefri OA, Bashir MS. Bioremediation of Neonicotinoid Pesticide, Imidacloprid, Mediated by Bacillus cereus. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:951. [PMID: 37627836 PMCID: PMC10451882 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10080951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Imidacloprid, a toxic pesticide of the chloronicotinyl category, is employed extensively in agricultural fields, and its exposure causes serious health issues. Biodegradation is considered to be a green and economical approach to remediate pesticides. Herein, imidacloprid degradation efficiency of Bacillus sp. is highlighted, among which Bacillus cereus exhibited the greatest degradation; optimization of experimental variables (pH, imidacloprid and agitation time) via Box-Behnken factorial design and analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed 92% biodegradation at the initial substrate concentration of 0.03 mM, aerobically in 11 days under favorable pH 7. The subsequent metabolites, identified through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, were 5-hydroxy imidacloprid, imidacloprid-guanidine and 6-chloronicotinic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naz Talpur
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan; (S.K.B.); (H.I.A.)
| | - Ahsanullah Unar
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei 230052, China;
| | - Sana Kanwal Bhatti
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan; (S.K.B.); (H.I.A.)
| | | | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Humaira Bashir
- Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590 Lahore, Pakistan;
| | - Hassan Imran Afridi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan; (S.K.B.); (H.I.A.)
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ohoud A. Jefri
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 2158, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Sohail Bashir
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Haq I, Haq M, Ali O, Jaseem Khan M, Ullah N, Ali Khan A, Usman F, Asif A, S Ataya F, Fouad D, Iftikhar A, Mehmood A. Evaluation of therapeutic potential and anti-hyperchlostrolemic effects of prunes in albino rats: An experimental study. Pak J Pharm Sci 2023; 36:1305-1312. [PMID: 37606020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a global epidemic that causes various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Prunes include fiber and numerous phenolic compounds that decrease cholesterol by decreasing LDL oxidation and supporting heart health. This study examined the therapeutic effects of Prunus domestica prunes on plasma fatty acids in albino rats after ingesting prune pulp. After chemical examination, prunes were proximately examined for nutritional content. Prunus domestica pulp was given to hyperlipidemic rats for two months in a clinical trial. 12 albino rates and divide into 3 groups. First group was controlled, others experimental. The study's 15th, 30th and 60th days evaluated lipid profile. The following study was analyzed using 2 way anova. Prunes have enough fiber, minerals and polyphenols to affect hyperlipidemic rats. GIII rats lower LDL, weight, and HDL more than GI and GII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihteshamul Haq
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Universita Degli Studi Di Sassari, Italy
| | - Mohsina Haq
- Department of Microbiology and Pathology Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Owais Ali
- Northwest General Hospital and Research Centre, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jaseem Khan
- Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Noor Ullah
- Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Ali Khan
- Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Usman
- Northwest Institute of Health Science, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Asif
- Department of Microbiology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Farid S Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwaar Iftikhar
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahad Mehmood
- Department of Microbiology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
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Abdel Wahab AHA, Hussein MM, Shouman SA, Fouad D, Kobaisi MH, El Habit O. Role of let7-g and miR-221 level as potential predictors for overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Arab J Gastroenterol 2022; 23:151-158. [PMID: 35473687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancer types worldwide. A hallmark of epithelial-mesenchymal transition is the loss of epithelial E-cadherin, which is considered an epithelial differentiation marker. MicroRNAs serve vital roles in various biological processes in the cell via post-transcriptional gene regulation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the involvement of certain miRNAs in the progression of HCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS A reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assay was conducted to detect the expression levels of 20 EMT-related miRNAs in 36 fresh tissue biopsies from patients with primary HCC compared with healthy controls. Gene expression levels, as well as immunohistochemistry assays, were performed for E-cadherin, ZEB1 and ZEB2 proteins. The correlation between their expression levels and different clinicopathological factors was also assessed. RESULTS A significant decrease of E-Cadherin and an increase in ZEB1 expression levels were identified in HCC groups compared with controls, while no significant changes for ZEB2 were found. The absence of E-cadherin membranous protein was observed in ∼48% of the cases examined. Moreover, ZEB1 protein was absent in 46% of E-cadherin positive cases. Upregulation of miR-182, miR-221 and miR-222 expression levels, and downregulation of let-7g, miR-9, miR-16, miR29c, miR122, miR-145, miR-148a, miR-193b, miR-194 and miR-215 expression levels were identified. A positive correlation between let7-g with E-Cadherin expression was reported. No significant association was identified between each of E-cadherin, ZEB1, ZEB2 or miRNAs examined with different clinicopathological features of the patients. Furthermore, the low expression of let7-g and high expression of miR-221 were associated with poorer survival. CONCLUSION Collectively, the present data suggested that let7-g functions as a tumor suppressor in the development of HCC via regulating E-Cadherin. Furthermore, both let7-g and miR-221 may be potential biomarkers for the outcomes of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manal M Hussein
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samia A Shouman
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Kobaisi
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Urology and Nephrology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola El Habit
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Shuker E, Farhood M, Al-Qudaihi G, Fouad D. Potential Effects of Boldine on Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Inflammatory Changes Induced by the Methylprednisolone Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221082877. [PMID: 35360456 PMCID: PMC8961387 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221082877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Synthetic glucocorticoid therapeutic agent methylprednisolone (MPL), when used for an extended period of time at high dose, promotes the development of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced liver toxicity. This study investigated the role of boldine, a natural antioxidant with anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, against MPL-induced hepatoxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods 120 rats were divided into eight equal groups: G1 (control), G2, 3, and 4 (rats orally administered 5, 10, and 50 mg boldine/kg b.w./day; respectively, for 28 days), G5 (rats intramuscularly injected with 100 mg MPL/kg b.w. only on the last three days), G6, 7, and 8 (rats administered boldine + MPL). After the last MPL injection, rats were sacrificed at intervals of 1, 24, and 48 h. Results There was a significant decrease in WBCs, RBCs count, and HGB levels, as well as an increase in PLT count, ALT, AST, TG, and LDL levels, and a decrease in HDL level in serum. Oxidative stress markers levels increased at all times, and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes increased at 24h. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that cytochrome c levels significantly increased after MPL treatment. The COMET assay revealed detectable DNA lesions. There was no immune reactivity of IL-6 expressions as an inflammatory response marker. Conclusions Oral administration of boldine has a modulatory protective, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effect against free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa Shuker
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Farhood
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghofran Al-Qudaihi
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, EinHelwan, Egypt
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Abuelgassim AO, Alshabib B, Fouad D. Effect of Ferulic Acid on Cholesterol Synthesis, Serum Lipids and Hepatotoxicity in Atherogenic Rats. Indian J Pharm Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Virk P, Al-Mukhaizeem NAR, Bin Morebah SH, Fouad D, Elobeid M. Protective effect of resveratrol against toxicity induced by the mycotoxin, zearalenone in a rat model. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 146:111840. [PMID: 33137427 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Contamination of cereal crops with zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium fungi, is a worldwide health concern. The study assessed the ameliorative potential of resveratrol (RSV), a potent antioxidant against ZEA induced toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Rats (n = 40), with an average weight of 100-150 g were used for the exposure study for three weeks. The animals were divided into four groups (I to IV) each comprising 10 rats. Group I was kept as negative control and was administered normal saline. Group II and III were exposed to 2 mg/kg of the mycotoxin, ZEA administered intraperitoneally once every week. Group III was treated with resveratrol (RSV) orally (5 mg/kg) daily. Group IV was treated only with resveratrol (5 mg/kg/daily) as a positive control. The protective effect of resveratrol was evaluated on; biochemical variables, biomarkers of oxidative stress, markers of immunotoxicity, and DNA damage. The findings showed that exposure to ZEA elicited oxidative stress and modulated the antioxidant enzyme activities. A disarray in the lipid profile, parameters of the humoral and cellular immune response; serum cytokines and immunoglobulins was also observed. Further, COMET assay showed detectable DNA lesions. Taken together, RSV was efficacious in reducing and/or reversing the ZEA induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Promy Virk
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11459, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Sara Hamad Bin Morebah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11459, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11459, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai Elobeid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11459, Saudi Arabia
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Fouad D, Al-Obaidi E, Badr A, Ataya FS, Abdel-Gaber R. Modulatory effect of Ficus carica on oxidative stress and hematological changes induced by gamma-radiation in male albino rats. Biologia (Bratisl) 2020; 75:1313-1324. [DOI: 12. fouad, d., al-obaidi, e., badr, a.et al.modulatory effect of ficus carica on oxidative stress and hematological changes induced by gamma-radiation in male albino rats.biologia.(2019).doi:10.2478/s11756-019-00375-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
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Fouad D, Rashad S, Ghaly M, Hassanien M. SAT0547 RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGING IN ASSESSMENT OF FLUOROSCOPIC GUIDED INJECTION OF RHEUMATOID ATLANTOAXIAL JOINT INFLAMMATION. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Rheumatoid spondylitis is a feature of long-lasting Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that is presented by neck pain, headache and sleep disturbance. Atlantoaxial joint (AAJ) is the commonest cervical spine joint that affected in patients with RA. When it is involved, it can be associated with dangerous complications. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can be used for assessing the disease activity, the amount of cartilage destruction, associated cervical myelopathy and differentiating synovial fluid from inflammatory pannus (Taniguchi D, et al., 2008).Objectives:This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intra-articular steroid injection of inflamed AAJ in RA patients, regarding neck pain, headache and sleep quality using pre and post-interventions MRI.Methods:A prospective case control study. Patients with inflamed AAJ were recruited. Group 1 (AAJ group, n = 30), received intraarticular AAJ steroid injection, guided by fluoroscopy and Group 2 (control group, n = 30), received systemic steroids. Both groups were assessed with: Visual Analogue scale (VAS) for nocturnal neck pain and headache. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used for sleep disturbance. Pre and post contrasts enhanced MRI interventions were done for both groups during the period of follow up (three months).Results:Nocturnal neck pain, headache and sleep disturbance have significantly decreased, during follow up visits (3 months), in AAJ group in comparison to the control group. The Pre-intervention nocturnal pain score was 60.3 ±17.1 in AAJ group & 58.5 ±17.9 in control group. Pain has significantly decreased after 2weeks in AAJ group with continuous improvement till 3 months’ post-intervention 6.9 ±4.65 & 51.26 ±10.54 respectively. The pre-intervention headache was 22.68 ±16.74 in AAJ group & 45.17 ±15.83 in control group decreased to 7.54 ±5.23 & 48.52 ±11.98 respectively post intervention. The percentage of patients who had sleep disturbance at baseline was 66.7% & 73.3% in AAJ and control groups respectively which has significantly decreased to 6.7% & 43.3% after 3 months. Regarding MRI, AAJ group hada statistical significant decreasein the percentage of patients with MRI synovial enhancement, inflammatorypannus,fibrosis and bone marrow edema in comparison to control group 3 months post intervention. All post-procedural side effects resolved within thmonth without further medical intervention, and no long-term sequelae were identifiedConclusion:Fluoroscopic guided intra-articular steroid injection of inflamed atlantoaxial joints is considered a beneficial therapeutic option in rheumatoid arthritis patients regarding clinical and radiological assessments.References:[1]Taniguchi D, Tokunaga D, Hase H, et al. Evaluation of lateral instability of AAJ in RA using dynamic open-mouth view radiographs. Clin Rheumatol.2008 Jul. 27(7):851-7.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Rashad S, Abda E, Selim Z, Hussein S, Metwally T, Fouad D. AB1227 PREVALENCE OF RHEUMATIC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN A RURAL AREA OF UPPER EGYPT: WHO-ILAR COPCORD BASED COMMUNITY STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Rheumatic musculoskeletal disorders (RMSDs) are a common cause of long term pain and physical disability. In developed countries, RMSDS are a major cause of absence from work and thus have a big financial burden on the country economic status. Several studies have been published the incidence and prevalence of RMSDs in different world countries and found to be widely variable. Estimation of the extend of the problem of RMSDs in developing world, especially in rural economies will help better understanding of the risk factors that contribute to the initiation and progression of these diseases and help the health care authorities to provide proper health program services in these areas to reduce the physical and financial burden of RMSDs (Bagher et al., 2011; Majumdar et al., 2015 and Usenbo, et al., 2015).Objectives:To estimate the prevalence rate of RMSDs in a rural population in Upper Egypt.Methods:A cross-sectional based study was carried out and included 3988 subjects of population (2013 females and 1975 males). Mean age of patients was (46.89±15.25ys). They proceeded 4 phases of World Health Organization/International League of Associations for Rheumatology community-oriented program for control of rheumatic diseases survey questionnaire WHO-ILAR Community Oriented Program for screening of rheumatic diseases. Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) was used to assess the disability severity. Individuals suspected to have any rheumatic diseases were subjected to full clinical examination, laboratory and radiological investigations to reach a final diagnosis. They were classified according to appropriate criteria of diagnosis of diseases.Results:A prevalence rate of RMSDs was 16.22%, more prevalence in females (10.38% vs. 5.84% for males, P=0.000). The mean age of patients with RRMSDSs were older (46.89±15.25 yrs) than healthy individuals (29.56±18.95 yrs) (P=0.0001) and with increasing age (≥45-≤ 55 yrs).The identified RMSDs were OA (8.5%), Soft tissue rheumatism (STR) (6.57%), spinal disorders (SD) (6.47%), fibromyalgia (FM) (0.60%), RA (0.30%), arthralgia (0.18%), SPAs (0.15%), Gout(0.6%), Pseudogout (0.08%), SLE (0.5%), JIA(0.03) and MCTD (0.03%). The prevalence rates for the majority of RRMSDSs were higher in females and with increasing age. About two thirds of the patients had grade II disability.Conclusion:The prevalence rate of RMSDs in a rural population ≥15years in Upper Egypt has been estimated to be 16.22%.The most prevalent RMSDs are OA, STR and SD causing the greatest burden of the disease. The predictive risk of RMSDs has to be assessed in future studies.References:[1]Majumdar A, Kumar SG, Nair D, Sujiv A. Musculoskeletal complaints and predictors of musculoskeletal pain among adults in rural puducherry. Indian J Palliat Care. 2015; 21(1):121-123.[2]Usenbo A, Kramer V, Young T, Musekiwa A. Prevalence of Arthritis in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2015; 10 (8):e0133858.[3]Bagher OM, Golbarg M, Hossein S. Pattern of rheumatic diseases in two outpatient clinics in Iran: similarities with some different features. Indian J Med Sci. 2011; 65(1):7-17.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Hammam N, Salem G, Fouad D, Rashad S. FRI0420 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RED BLOOD CELLS DISTRIBUTION WIDTH AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN OSTEOARTHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease that results in patient’s morbidity and disabilities. There is strong evidence that OA is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Red cell distribution width (RDW) blood test is a measure of the variation in red blood cell volume and size. Elevated RDW has recently been found to correlate with CVD risk in patients with and without heart disease and autoimmune diseases. RDW may be a marker for factors driving CVS risk.Objectives:: To investigate whether RDW can serve as a potential parameter for indicating cardiovascular risk in OA patients.Methods:A subsample of 819 OA patients was extracted from 2003-2006 National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey in a cross-sectional study. 63.7% of them were females. Their mean age was 66.4 ± 14.1 yrs. Demographic, medical data, inflammatory markers & lipid panel were obtained. Only patients with Haemoglobin>12 mg/dl were included. Functional limitations were assessed using a physical function questionnaire.Results:Elevated levels of RDW were associated with CVD risk factors in OA patients. 532 (65.8%) OA patients had functional limitations, while 78 (9.5%) and 63 (7.6%) known to have heart attacks or stroke ever. Mean RDW was 12.9±1.1fL. There was a positive significant correlation between RDW & CVD risk factors including body mass index (r=0.17, p<0.001), C-reactive protein (r=0.29, p<0.001), serum uric acid (r=0.12, p<0.001), and functional limitation (0.16, p<0.001). No significant association between RDW & lipid panel was found. In multiple regression analysis controlling for age, sex as covariates, body mass index (β =0.02, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.03, p=0.002), C-reactive protein (β =0.35, 95%CI: 0.26, 0.45, p<0.001), and functional limitation (β =0.18, 95%CI: 0.13, 0.35, p=0.03).Conclusion:In addition to known CVD risk in OA patients, elevated RDW levels should prompt physicians to aggressively screen and treat their patients for modifiable CVS risk factors, in addition to OA.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Badr A, Fouad D, Attia H. Insights Into Protective Mechanisms of Dandelion Leaf Extract Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Role of Inhibitory Effect on Inflammatory and Apoptotic Pathways. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819874897. [PMID: 35185411 PMCID: PMC8851149 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819874897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) nephrotoxicity is associated with the induction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Several studies demonstrated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects of dandelion leaf extract (DLE); therefore, this research aimed to investigate the protective effects of DLE against CP-induced nephrotoxicity. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: normal control, DLE control received 500 mg/kg daily for 11 days, intoxicated group received vehicle daily for 11 days and a single dose of CP (7 mg/kg, intraperitonealp) on day 5, and DLE + CP group received DLE (500 mg/kg) daily for 11 days plus a single dose of CP (7 mg/kg) on day 5. The dose of DLE is selected based on a dose–effect study using different doses. Dandelion leaf extract pretreatment ameliorated CP-induced nephrotoxicity as evident by histopathological examination, alleviating CP-induced elevation in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, oxidative stress marker (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), tumor necrosis factor-α (as inflammatory cytokine), and caspase-9 and caspase-3 (as apoptotic markers). In addition, DLE reduced nuclear factor-κB and cytochrome c expression, and DNA fragmentation. It also maintained levels of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and serum albumin. Thus, the present study shows that DLE is a promising nephroprotective agent for CP-induced nephrotoxicity through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Badr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Fouad D, Badr A, Attia HA. Hepatoprotective activity of raspberry ketone is mediated via inhibition of the NF-κB/TNF-α/caspase axis and mitochondrial apoptosis in chemically induced acute liver injury. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:663-676. [PMID: 31588343 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00068b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Raspberry Ketone (RK) is a natural phenolic compound which is marketed nowadays as a popular weight-reducing remedy, with reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its biological activity is not fully elucidated. Hepatotoxicity is the leading cause of acute liver failure in Europe and North America, and its management is still challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the therapeutic detoxification activity of RK against liver injury in vivo and to explore the underlying mechanisms using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity as a model. First, a dose-response study using 4 different doses, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg kg-1 day-1, of RK was conducted. RK was administered for 5 days as a pretreatment, followed by a single dose of CCl4 (1 ml kg-1, 1 : 1 v/v CCl4 : olive oil). The RK dose of 200 mg kg-1 showed the greatest protective effect and was selected for further investigations. CCl4 hepatotoxicity was confirmed by elevation of liver enzymes, and histopathological examination. CCl4-induced oxidative stress was evident from increased lipid peroxidation measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) along with depleted superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Increased oxidative stress was associated with increased cytochrome c expression with subsequent activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, in addition to DNA fragmentation reflecting apoptosis. CCl4 also induced the expression of inflammatory cytokines (NF-κB and TNF-α). Interestingly, RK hepatoprotective activity was evident from the reduction of liver enzymes, and maintenance of hepatocyte integrity and microstructures as evaluated by histopathological examination using H and E, and transmission electron microscopy. The antioxidant activity of RK was demonstrated by the increase of TAC, SOD, and GSH, with a concomitant decrease of the TBARS level. Moreover, RK pretreatment inhibited CCl4-induced upregulation of inflammatory mediators. RK antiapoptotic activity was indicated by the reduction of the expression of cytoplasmic cytochrome-C, a decrease of caspases, and inhibition of DNA fragmentation. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that RK is a promising hepatoprotective agent. The underlying mechanisms include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. This is the first study reporting RK hepatoprotective activity in acute hepatic injury and approves its antiapoptotic effect in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology , College of Science , King Saud University , P.O. Box 22452 , Riyadh 11459 , Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology and Entomology , Faculty of Science , Helwan University , Ein Helwan , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Amira Badr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , College of Pharmacy , King Saud University , P.O. Box 22452 , Riyadh 11459 , Saudi Arabia . ; Tel: +96659575917.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , College of Pharmacy , Ain Shams University , Heliopolis , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Hala A Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , College of Pharmacy , King Saud University , P.O. Box 22452 , Riyadh 11459 , Saudi Arabia . ; Tel: +96659575917.,Department of Biochemistry , College of Pharmacy , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
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Abdel-Gaber R, Fouad D, Ataya F, Morsy K, Maher S. Morphological identification and molecular characterization of 18S rDNA of two hemiurid trematodes (Lecithocladium cristatum Rudolphi, 1819 and Lecithocladium parviovum Yamaguti, 1953) infecting the greater lizardfish Saurida tumbil (Pisces: Synodontidae) inhabiting the Red Sea. Gene X 2019; 683:243-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Malik A, Khan JM, Alamery SF, Fouad D, Labrou NE, Daoud MS, Abdelkader MO, Ataya FS. Monomeric Camelus dromedarius GSTM1 at low pH is structurally more thermostable than its native dimeric form. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205274. [PMID: 30303997 PMCID: PMC6179282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S‒transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional enzymes that play an important role in detoxification, cellular signalling, and the stress response. Camelus dromedarius is well-adapted to survive in extreme desert climate and it has GSTs, for which limited information is available. This study investigated the structure-function and thermodynamic properties of a mu-class camel GST (CdGSTM1) at different pH. Recombinant CdGSTM1 (25.7 kDa) was expressed in E. coli and purified to homogeneity. Dimeric CdGSTM1 dissociated into stable but inactive monomeric subunits at low pH. Conformational and thermodynamic changes during the thermal unfolding pathway of dimeric and monomeric CdGSTM1 were characterised via a thermal shift assay and dynamic multimode spectroscopy (DMS). The thermal shift assay based on intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence revealed that CdGSTM1 underwent a two-state unfolding pathway at pH 1.0-10.0. Its Tm value varied with varying pH. Another orthogonal technique based on far-UV CD also exhibited two-state unfolding in the dimeric and monomeric states. Generally, proteins tend to lose structural integrity and stability at low pH; however, monomeric CdGSTM1 at pH 2.0 was thermally more stable and unfolded with lower van't Hoff enthalpy. The present findings provide essential information regarding the structural, functional, and thermodynamic properties of CdGSTM1 at pH 1.0-10.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajamaluddin Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Protein Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed M. Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman F. Alamery
- Department of Biochemistry, Protein Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nikolaos E. Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mohamed S. Daoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Protein Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Unit Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Kasr Al-Ainy University Hospital, Cairo University, El-Manial, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed O. Abdelkader
- Department of Biochemistry, Protein Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid S. Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, Protein Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Ataya FS, Fouad D, Malik A, Labrou NE, Daoud MS, Saeed HM. Cloning, Expression and Molecular Characterization of Glutathione Transferase P1-1 Gene from the Camel, Camelus dromedarius. PAK J ZOOL 2017. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2017.49.6.2279.2289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Badr A, Fouad D. Anti-apoptotic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Olive Leaf Extract Against Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Male Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2016.675.688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Malik A, Fouad D, Labrou NE, Al-Senaidy AM, Ismael MA, Saeed HM, Ataya FS. Structural and thermodynamic properties of kappa class glutathione transferase from Camelus dromedarius. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 88:313-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abuyadek R, Helmy H, Fayed AM, Abdelwahab M, Fouad D. Appropriateness of admission to two intensive care units at alexandria main university hospital, egypt. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4796513 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Al-Hazzani A, Daoud MS, Ataya FS, Fouad D, Al-Jafari AA. Renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms among Saudi patients with coronary artery disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:8. [PMID: 25984491 PMCID: PMC4389886 DOI: 10.1186/2241-5793-21-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The polymorphisms in the components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are important in the development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) in some individuals. Our objectives in the present investigation were to determine whether three RAS polymorphisms, angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D), angiotensin receptor II (Ang II AT2 - C3123A) and angiotensinogen (AGT-M235T), are associated with CAD in the Saudi population. We recruited 225 subjects with angiographically confirmed CAD who had identical ethnic backgrounds and 110 control subjects. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) technique was used to detect polymorphisms in the RAS gene. RESULTS Within the CAD group, for the ACE I/D genotype, DD was found in 64.4%, 26.3% carried the ID genotype, and 9.3% carried the II genotype. Within the control group, the DD genotype was found in 56.4%, 23.6% carried the ID genotype, and 20% carried the II genotype. The odds ratio (OR) of the ACE DD vs II genotype with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was 2.45 (1.26-4.78), with p = 0.008. For the Ang II AT2 receptor C3123A genotype, within the CAD group, CC was found in 39.6%, 17.8% carried the CA genotype, and 42.6% carried the AA genotype. Within the control group, CC was found in 39.1%, 60.9% carried the CA genotype, and there was an absence of the AA genotype. The OR of the Ang II AT2 receptor C3123A CC vs AA genotypes (95% CI) was 0.01, with p = 0.0001. A significant association with CAD was shown. For the AGT-M235T genotype, within the CAD group, MM was found in 24.0%, 43.6% carried the MT genotype and 32.4% carried the TT genotype. Within the control group, MM was found in 26.4%, 45.5% carried the TT genotype and 28.2% carried the MT genotype. The OR of MM vs TT (95% CI) was 0.79 (0.43 to 1.46), which was insignificant. CONCLUSIONS There is an association between the ACE I/D and Ang II AT2 receptor C3123A polymorphisms and CAD, however, no association was detected between the AGT M235T polymorphism and CAD in the Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Al-Hazzani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11459 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Daoud
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia ; King Fahd Unit Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Kasr Al-Ainy University Hospital, Cairo University, El-Manial, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | - Farid S Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia ; Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, 12311 Egypt
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Jafari
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
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Ataya FS, Al-Jafari AA, Daoud MS, Al-Hazzani AA, Shehata AI, Saeed HM, Fouad D. Genomics, phylogeny and in silico analysis of mitochondrial glutathione S-transferase-kappa from the camel Camelus dromedarius. Res Vet Sci 2014; 97:46-54. [PMID: 24810173 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The domesticated one-humped camel, Camelus dromedarius, is one of the most important animals in the Arabian Peninsula. For most of its life, this species is exposed to both intrinsic and extrinsic genotoxic factors that cause gross DNA alterations in many organisms. GST enzymes constitute an important supergene family involved in protection against the deleterious effects of oxidative stress and xenobiotics. Cloning the camel mitochondrial GST kappa (GSTK) gene and comparing its structural similarities with different species may aid in understanding its evolutionary relics. We cloned the camel GSTK using RT-PCR. This yielded an open reading frame of 678 nucleotides, encoding a protein of 226 amino acid residues. In a comparative analysis, the cloned GSTK was used to screen orthologues from different organisms. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the camel GSTK apparently evolved from an ancestral GSTK gene that predated the appearance of vertebrates, and it grouped with pig, cattle, dog, horse, human and monkey GSTKs. The calculated molecular weight of the translated ORF was 25.52 kDa and the isoelectric point was 8.4. The deduced cGSTK sequence exhibited high identity with many mammals, such as Bactrian camel (99.55%), pig, cattle and human (>74%), and lower identity with other unrelated organisms, such as frog (Xenopus tropicalis, 61%), chicken (Gallus gallus, 57%), salmon (Salmo salar, 49%), sponge (Amphimedon queenslandica, 46%), tick (Amblyomma maculatum, 45%) and roundworm (Caenorhabditis elegans, 33%). A 3D structure was built based on the crystal structure of the human and rat enzymes. The levels of cGSTK expression in five camel tissues were examined via real-time PCR. The highest level of cGSTK transcripts was found in the camel liver, followed by the testis, spleen, kidney and lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid S Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Center, Dokki, P.O. Box 12311, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abdul Aziz Al-Jafari
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Daoud
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Kasr El-Ainy University Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Abdulaziz Al-Hazzani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf Ibrahim Shehata
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham M Saeed
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
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Daoud MS, Ataya FS, Fouad D, Alhazzani A, Shehata AI, Al-Jafari AA. Associations of three lipoprotein lipase gene polymorphisms, lipid profiles and coronary artery disease. Biomed Rep 2013; 1:573-582. [PMID: 24648989 DOI: 10.3892/br.2013.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) plays a central role in lipoprotein metabolism by hydrolyzing the core triglycerides (TGs) of circulating chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). The effects of LPL polymorphisms on lipid levels and coronary artery disease (CAD) have been inconsistent among studies and populations. To assess the lipid profiles and distributions of three LPL gene polymorphisms in Saudi patients with CAD, the HindIII, PvuII and Ser447Ter polymorphisms in the LPL gene were analyzed in 226 patients with CAD and 110 controls. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect LPL gene polymorphisms. The plasma lipid profiles of the patients were determined using standard enzymatic methods. Patients in the CAD group had significantly higher triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels than controls irrespective of the HindIII, PvuII or Ser447Ter genotype. Compared to the findings in controls, the HindIII TT, PvuII TC and Ser447Ter CC genotypes were associated with significantly reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in patients with CAD (P<0.0001). In summary, there are associations between LPL gene variants and high plasma TG, TC and LDL-C levels as well as low HDL-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Daoud
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia ; ; King Fahd Unit Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Kasr Al-Ainy University Hospital, Cairo University, El-Manial, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Farid S Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia ; ; Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12311, Egypt
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia ; ; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Alhazzani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf I Shehata
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Jafari
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia
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Fouad D, Hansen R, Boraei A, Sherlock R. O256 DOES EARLY ENTERAL FEEDING INCREASE THE RISK OF NECROTISING ENTEROCOLITIS IN NEONATES? Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)60686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Omer SA, Elobeid MA, Fouad D, Daghestani MH, Al-Olayan EM, Elamin MH, Virk P, El-Mahassn A. Cadmium Bioaccumulation and Toxicity in Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2012.1601.1606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ataya FS, Fouad D, Malik A, Saeed HM. Molecular cloning and 3D structure modeling of APEX1, DNA base excision repair enzyme from the Camel, Camelus dromedarius. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:8578-8596. [PMID: 22942721 PMCID: PMC3430252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13078578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The domesticated one-humped camel, Camelus dromedarius, is one of the most important animals in the Arabian Desert. It is exposed most of its life to both intrinsic and extrinsic genotoxic factors that are known to cause gross DNA alterations in many organisms. Ionic radiation and sunlight are known producers of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), one of the causes for DNA lesions. The damaged DNA is repaired by many enzymes, among of them Base Excision Repair enzymes, producing the highly mutagenic apurinic/apyrimidinicsites (AP sites). Therefore, recognition of AP sites is fundamental to cell/organism survival. In the present work, the full coding sequence of a putative cAPEX1 gene was amplified for the first time from C. dromedarius by RT-PCR and cloned (NCBI accession number are HM209828 and ADJ96599 for nucleotides and amino acids, respectively). cDNA sequencing was deduced to be 1041 nucleotides, of which 954 nucleotides encode a protein of 318 amino acids, similar to the coding region of the APEX1 gene and the protein from many other species. The calculated molecular weight and isoelectric point of cAPEX1 using Bioinformatics tools was 35.5 kDa and 8.11, respectively. The relative expressions of cAPEX1 in camel kidney, spleen, lung and testis were examined using qPCR and compared with that of the liver using a 18S ribosomal subunit as endogenous control. The highest level of cAPEX1 transcript was found in the testis; 325% higher than the liver, followed by spleen (87%), kidney (20%) and lung (5%), respectively. The cAPEX1 is 94%–97% similar to their mammalian counterparts. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that cAPEX1 is grouped together with that of S. scrofa. The predicted 3D structure of cAPEX1 has similar folds and topology with the human (hAPEX1). The root-mean-square deviation (rmsd) between cAPEX1 and hAPEX1 was 0.582 and the Q-score was 0.939.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12311, Egypt
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +966-14673068; Fax: +966-14675791
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
| | - Ajamaluddin Malik
- Protein Research Chair Lab, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
| | - Hesham Mahmoud Saeed
- Genome Research Chair Lab, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
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Sayed HM, Fouad D, Ataya FS, Hassan NH, Fahmy MA. The modifying effect of selenium and vitamins A, C, and E on the genotoxicity induced by sunset yellow in male mice. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2012; 744:145-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ataya FS, Fouad D, Al-Olayan E, Malik A. Molecular cloning, characterization and predicted structure of a putative copper-zinc SOD from the camel, Camelus dromedarius. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:879-900. [PMID: 22312292 PMCID: PMC3269726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13010879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 12/25/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the first line of defense against oxidative stress induced by endogenous and/or exogenous factors and thus helps in maintaining the cellular integrity. Its activity is related to many diseases; so, it is of importance to study the structure and expression of SOD gene in an animal naturally exposed most of its life to the direct sunlight as a cause of oxidative stress. Arabian camel (one humped camel, Camelus dromedarius) is adapted to the widely varying desert climatic conditions that extremely changes during daily life in the Arabian Gulf. Studying the cSOD1 in C. dromedarius could help understand the impact of exposure to direct sunlight and desert life on the health status of such mammal. The full coding region of a putative CuZnSOD gene of C. dromedarius (cSOD1) was amplified by reverse transcription PCR and cloned for the first time (gene bank accession number for nucleotides and amino acids are JF758876 and AEF32527, respectively). The cDNA sequencing revealed an open reading frame of 459 nucleotides encoding a protein of 153 amino acids which is equal to the coding region of SOD1 gene and protein from many organisms. The calculated molecular weight and isoelectric point of cSOD1 was 15.7 kDa and 6.2, respectively. The level of expression of cSOD1 in different camel tissues (liver, kidney, spleen, lung and testis) was examined using Real Time-PCR. The highest level of cSOD1 transcript was found in the camel liver (represented as 100%) followed by testis (45%), kidney (13%), lung (11%) and spleen (10%), using 18S ribosomal subunit as endogenous control. The deduced amino acid sequence exhibited high similarity with Cebus apella (90%), Sus scrofa (88%), Cavia porcellus (88%), Mus musculus (88%), Macaca mulatta (87%), Pan troglodytes (87%), Homo sapiens (87%), Canis familiaris (86%), Bos taurus (86%), Pongo abelii (85%) and Equus caballus (82%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that cSOD1 is grouped together with S. scrofa. The predicted 3D structure of cSOD1 showed high similarity with the human and bovine CuZnSOD homologues. The Root-mean-square deviation (rmsd) between cSOD1/hSOD1 and cSOD1/bSOD1 superimposed structure pairs were 0.557 and 0.425 A. The Q-score of cSOD1-hSOD1 and cSOD1-bSOD1 were 0.948 and 0.961, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid S. Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +966-14673068; Fax: +966-14675791
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (D.F.); (E.A.-O.)
| | - Ebtsam Al-Olayan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (D.F.); (E.A.-O.)
| | - Ajamaluddin Malik
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
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Vijayan S, Khanji M, Ionescu A, Vijayan S, Ionescu A, Podoleanu C, Frigy A, Ugri A, Varga A, Podoleanu D, Incze A, Carasca E, Dobreanu D, Mjolstad O, Dalen H, Graven T, Kleinau J, Hagen B, Fu H, Liu T, Li J, Liu C, Zhou C, Li G, Bordese R, Capriolo M, Brero D, Salvetti I, Cannillo M, Antolini M, Grosso Marra W, Frea S, Morello M, Gaita F, Maffessanti F, Caiani E, Muraru D, Tuveri F, Dal Bianco L, Badano L, Majid A, Soesanto A, Ario Suryo Kuncoro B, Sukmawan R, Ganesja MH, Benedek T, Chitu M, Beata J, Suciu Z, Kovacs I, Bucur O, Benedek I, Hrynkiewicz-Szymanska A, Szymanski F, Karpinski G, Filipiak K, Radunovic Z, Lande Wekre L, Steine K, Bech-Hanssen O, Rundqvist B, Lindgren F, Selimovic N, Jedrzychowska-Baraniak J, Jozwa R, Larysz B, Kasprzak J, Ripp T, Mordovin V, Ripp E, Ciobanu A, Dulgheru R, Dragoi R, Magda S, Florescu M, Mihaila S, Rimbas R, Cinteza M, Vinereanu D, Benavides-Vallve C, Pelacho B, Iglesias O, Castano S, Munoz-Barrutia A, Prosper F, Ortiz De Solorzano C, Manouras A, Sahlen A, Winter R, Vardas P, Brodin L, Sarvari SI, Haugaa KH, Zahid W, Bendz B, Aaberge L, Edvardsen T, Di Bella G, Pedri S, Donato R, Madaffari A, Zito C, Stapf D, Schreckenberg M, Carerj S, Yoshikawa H, Suzuki M, Kusunose Y, Hashimoto G, Otsuka T, Nakamura M, Sugi K, Grapsa J, Dawson D, Gin-Sing W, Howard L, Gibbs J, Nihoyannopoulos P, Smith B, Grapsa J, Dawson D, Coulter T, Rendon A, Gorissen W, Nihoyannopoulos P, Shiran A, Asmer I, Adawi S, Ganaeem M, Shehadeh J, Cameli M, Lisi M, Righini F, Maccherini M, Sani G, Galderisi M, Mondillo S, Kalimanovska-Ostric D, Nastasovic T, Jovanovic I, Milakovic B, Dostanic M, Stosic M, Sasic I, Sveen K, Nerdrum T, Hanssen K, Dahl-Jorgensen K, Steine K, Holte E, Vegsundvaag J, Hole T, Hegbom K, Wiseth R, Ikonomidis I, Lekakis J, Tritakis V, Papadakis I, Kadoglou N, Tzortzis S, Trivilou P, Koukoulis C, Paraskevaidis I, Anastasiou-Nana M, Smedsrud MK, Sarvari S, Haugaa KH, Gjesdal O, Aaberge L, Edvardsen T, Muraru D, Beraldo M, Solda' E, Cucchini U, Peluso D, Tuveri M, Al Mamary A, Badano L, Iliceto S, Dores H, Abecasis J, Carvalho M, Santos M, Andrade M, Ribeiras R, Reis C, Horta E, Gouveia R, Mendes M, Zaliaduonyte-Peksiene D, Mizariene V, Cesnaite G, Tamuleviciute E, Jurkevicius R, Vaskelyte J, Zaliunas R, Smarz K, Zaborska B, Jaxa-Chamiec T, Maciejewski P, Budaj A, Trifunovic D, Sobic-Saranovic D, Stankovic S, Ostojic M, Vujisic-Tesic B, Petrovic M, Nedeljkovic I, Banovic M, Tesic M, Petrovic I, Peovska I, Srbinovska E, Maksimovic J, Andova V, Arnaudova F, Hristova E, Otljanska M, Vavlukis M, Jovanova S, Tamborini G, Fusini L, Gripari P, Muratori M, Pontone G, Andreini D, Bertella E, Ghulam Ali S, Bartorelli A, Pepi M, Zito C, Cusma-Piccione M, Salvia J, Antonini-Canterin F, Lentini S, Di Bella G, Donato D, Miceli M, Oreto G, Carerj S, Shiran A, Adawi S, Sachner R, Asmer I, Ganaeem M, Rubinshtein R, Shnapp M, Gaspar T, Marchese A, Deste W, Sanfilippo A, Aruta P, Patane M, Millan G, Ussia G, Tamburino C, Banovic M, Vujisic-Tesic B, Kujacic V, Obradovic S, Nedeljkovic I, Trifunovic D, Petrovic M, Crkvenac Z, Ostojic M, Bernard A, Piquemal M, Muller G, Arbeille P, Charbonnier B, Broyd C, Davies J, Mikhail G, Mayet J, Francis D, Rosca M, Magne J, Szymanski C, Popescu B, Ginghina C, Pierard L, Lancellotti P, Gonzalez-Mansilla A, Solis J, Angulo R, Perez-David E, Madrid G, Garcia-Robles J, Yotti R, Prieto R, Bermejo J, Fernandez-Aviles F, Otsuka T, Suzuki M, Yoshikawa H, Ishikawa Y, Ishida T, Osaki T, Matsuyama M, Yamashita H, Ozaki S, Sugi K, Stevanella M, Votta E, Fusini L, Veronesi F, Tamborini G, Pepi M, Maffessanti F, Alamanni F, Redaelli A, Caiani E, Park SD, Lee J, Shin S, Woo S, Kim D, Park K, Kwan J, Tsang W, Chandra S, Weinert L, Gayat E, Djelassi M, Balbach T, Mor-Avi V, Lang R, De Meester P, Van De Bruaene A, Delcroix M, Budts W, Abid L, Frikha Z, Makni K, Rekik H, Znazen A, Mourad H, Kammoun S, Sargento L, Satendra M, Sousa C, Lopes S, Longo S, Lousada N, Palma Reis R, Fouad D, Shams Eldeen R, Rosca M, Popescu B, Beladan C, Calin A, Voinea F, Enache R, Jurcut R, Coman I, Ghionea M, Ginghina C, Tesic M, Djordjevic-Dikic A, Trifunovic D, Petrovic O, Nedeljkovic I, Petrovic M, Boricic M, Giga V, Ostojic M, Vujisic-Tesic B, Pisciella L, Lanzillo C, Minati M, Caselli S, Di Roma M, Fratini S, Romano S, Calo' L, Lioy E, Penco M, Finocchiaro G, Pinamonti B, Merlo M, Barbati G, Sinagra G, Finocchiaro G, Pinamonti B, Merlo M, Barbati G, Dilenarda A, Sinagra G, Comenale Pinto S, Ancona R, Caso P, Cavallaro C, Vecchione F, D'onofrio A, Fero' M, Calabro' R, Gustafsson S, Ihse E, Henein M, Westermark P, Suhr O, Lindqvist P, Oliva Sandoval M, Gonzalez Carrillo M, Garcia Navarro M, Garcia-Molina Saez E, Sabater Molina M, Saura Espin D, Lacunza Ruiz J, Gimeno Blanes J, De La Morena Valenzuela G, Valdes Chavarri M, Prinz C, Faber L, Horstkotte D, Hoetz H, Voigt J, Dores H, Gandara F, Correia M, Abecasis J, Rosario I, Fonseca C, Arroja I, Aleixo A, Martins A, Mendes M, Radulescu L, Dan Radulescu D, Parv Andreea P, Duncea Caius D, Ciuleanu T C, Mitrea Paulina M, Frea S, Capriolo M, Grosso Marra W, Cali Quaglia F, Bordese R, Ribezzo M, Boffini M, Rinaldi M, Gaita F, Morello M, Maceira Gonzalez AM, Cosin-Sales J, Dalli E, Diago J, Aguilar J, Ruvira J, Sousa C, Goncalves S, Gomes A, Pinto F, Tsai WC, Liu YW, Shih JY, Huang YY, Chen JY, Tsai LM, Chen JH, Sargento L, Satendra M, Longo S, Lousada N, Palma Reis R, Ribeiro S, Doroteia D, Goncalves S, Santos L, David C, Vinhas De Sousa G, Almeida A, Iwase M, Itou Y, Yasukochi S, Shiino K, Inuzuka H, Sugimoto K, Ozaki Y, Gieszczyk-Strozik K, Sikora-Puz A, Mizia M, Lasota B, Chmiel A, Lis-Swiety A, Michna J, Brzezinska-Wcislo L, Mizia-Stec K, Gasior Z, Luijendijk P, De Bruin-Bon H, Zwiers C, Vriend J, Van Den Brink R, Mulder B, Bouma B, Brigido S, Gianfagna P, Proclemer A, Plicht B, Kahlert P, Kaelsch H, Buck T, Erbel R, Konorza T, Yoon H, Kim K, Ahn Y, Jeong M, Cho J, Park J, Kang J, Rha W, Jansen Klomp WW, Brandon Bravo Bruinsma G, Van 'T Hof A, Spanjersberg S, Nierich A, Bombardini T, Gherardi S, Picano E, Ciarka A, Herbots L, Eroglu E, Van Cleemput J, Droogne W, Jasityte R, Meyns B, Voigt J, D'hooge J, Vanhaecke J, Al Barjas M, Iskreva R, Morris R, Davar J, Zhao Y, Lindqvist P, Holmgren A, Morner S, Henein M, Nedeljkovic I, Ostojic M, Giga V, Stepanovic J, Djordjevic-Dikic A, Beleslin B, Nedeljkovic M, Banovic M, Mazic S, Stojanov V, Piatkowski R, Kochanowski J, Scislo P, Grabowski M, Marchel M, Roik M, Kosior D, Opolski G, Tomaszewski A, Kutarski A, Tomaszewski M, Eibel S, Hasheminejad E, Mukherjee C, Tschernich H, Ender J, Delithanasis I, Celutkiene J, Kenny C, Monaghan M, Van Den Oord S, Ten Kate G, Akkus Z, Renaud G, Sijbrands E, Ten Cate F, De Jong N, Bosch J, Van Der Steen A, Schinkel A, Lisowska A, Knapp M, Tycinska A, Sawicki R, Kralisz P, Sobkowicz B, Chang SA, Lee SC, Kim EY, Hahm SH, Ahn GT, Sohn MK, Park SJ, Choi JO, Park SW, Oh JK, Gursoy MO, Gokdeniz T, Astarcioglu M, Bayram Z, Cakal B, Karakoyun S, Kalcik M, Kahveci G, Yildiz M, Ozkan M, Muraru D, Dal Bianco L, Solda' E, Cucchini U, Peluso D, Tuveri M, Al Mamary A, Badano L, Iliceto S, Skidan V, Borowski A, Park M, Thomas J, Ranjbar S, Hassantash S, Karvandi M, Foroughi M, Davidsen ES, Cramariuc D, Bleie O, Gerdts E, Matre K, Cusma' Piccione M, Zito C, Bagnato G, Di Bella G, Mohammed M, Piluso S, Oreto L, Oreto G, Bagnato G, Carerj S, Prinz C, Bitter T, Faber L, Horstkotte D, Dores H, Abecasis J, Carvalho S, Santos M, Andrade M, Ribeiras R, Canada M, Reis C, Gouveia R, Mendes M, Santisteban Sanchez De Puerta M, Mesa Rubio MD, Ruiz Ortiz M, Delgado Ortega M, Pena Pena ML, Puentes Chiachio M, Suarez De Lezo Cruz-Conde J, Pan Alvarez-Ossorio M, Mazuelos Bellido F, Suarez De Lezo Herreros De Tejada J, Altekin E, Yanikoglu A, Karakas S, Oncel C, Akdemir B, Belgi Yildirim A, Cilli A, Yilmaz H, Lenartowska L, Furdal M, Knysz B, Konieczny A, Lewczuk J, Comenale Pinto S, Ancona R, Caso P, Severino S, Cavallaro M, Coppola M, Calabro' R, Motoki H, To A, Bhargava M, Wazni O, Marwick T, Klein A, Sinkovskaya E, Horton S, Abuhamad A, Mingo Santos S, Monivas Palomero V, Beltran Correas B, Mitroi C, Gutierrez Landaluce C, Garcia Lunar I, Gonzalez Mirelis J, Cavero M, Segovia Cubero J, Alonso Pulpon L, Gurel E, Karaahmet T, Tigen K, Kirma C, Dundar C, Pala S, Isiklar I, Cevik C, Kilicgedik A, Basaran Y, Brambatti M, Romandini A, Barbarossa A, Molini S, Urbinati A, Giovagnoli A, Cipolletta L, Capucci A, Park S, Choi E, Ahn C, Hong S, Kim M, Lim D, Shim W, Xie J, Fang F, Zhang Q, Chan J, Yip G, Sanderson J, Lam Y, Yan B, Yu C, Jorge Perez P, De La Rosa Hernandez A, Hernandez Garcia C, Duque Garcia A, Barragan Acea A, Arroyo Ucar E, Jimenez Rivera J, Lacalzada Almeida J, Laynez Cerdena I, Maffessanti F, Gripari P, Pontone G, Andreini D, Tamborini G, Carminati C, Pepi M, Caiani E, Capoulade R, Larose E, Clavel M, Dumesnil J, Arsenault M, Bedard E, Mathieu P, Pibarot P, Gargani L, Baldi G, Forfori F, Caramella D, D'errico L, Abramo A, Sicari R, Picano E, Giunta F, Lee WN, Larrat B, Messas E, Pernot M, Tanter M, Velagic V, Cikes M, Matasic R, Skorak I, Skorak I, Samardzic J, Puljevic D, Lovric Bencic M, Biocina B, Milicic D, Roosens B, Bala G, Droogmans S, Hostens J, Somja J, Delvenne E, Schiettecatte J, Lahoutte T, Van Camp G, Cosyns B, Ghosh A, Hardy R, Chaturvedi N, Francis D, Deanfield J, Pellerin D, Kuh D, Hughes A, Malmgren A, Dencker M, Stagmo M, Gudmundsson P, Seo Y, Ishizu T, Aonuma K, Schuuring MJ, Vis J, Bouma B, Van Dijk A, Van Melle J, Pieper P, Vliegen H, Sieswerda G, Mulder B, Foukarakis E, Pitarokilis A, Kafarakis P, Kiritsi A, Klironomos E, Manousakis A, Fragiadaki X, Papadakis E, Dermitzakis A. Poster Session 1: Thursday 8 December 2011, 08:30-12:30 * Location: Poster Area. European Journal of Echocardiography 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jer206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Fouad D, Ataya FS, Muntane J. Expression of p53 during apoptosis induced by D-galactosamine and the protective role of PGE1 in cultured rat hepatocytes. Pak J Biol Sci 2011; 14:976-983. [PMID: 22514887 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2011.976.983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
p53 is a critical player in the prevention of tumor development. It can contribute directly to DNA repair and inhibition of angiogenesis and subsequently to the induction of apoptosis. The regulation of p53 expression is mediated by the transcription factor NF-kappaB. This includes regulation of p53 protein stability, control of its subcellular localization and conformational changes that allow activation of the DNA binding activity of p53. Rat hepatocytes were isolated from male Wistar rats following collagenase perfusion of liver. We examined the change in the expression level of p53 by western blotting in hepatocytes and its effect on apoptosis as a response of treatment with D-galactosamine, prostaglandin E1 and/or the Proteosome Inhibitor (PSI). A kinetic study of the extracellular lactate dehydrogenase activity, NF-kappaB activation, induced nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide production was carried out in hepatocytes. The addition of prostaglandin E1 to control and D-galactosamine-treated hepatocytes increased p53 expression in the cytoplasm during 24 h. While the addition of PSI in the absence of prostaglandin E1 decreased p53 expression at 5 mM D-galactosamine. This inhibition is reversed in the presence of prostaglandin E1 at 5 and 40 mM D-galactosamine. The protective action of prostaglandin E1 against the apoptotic effect of D-galactosamine is mediated by NF-kappaB activation, induced nitric oxide synthase and p53 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Center for Scientific and Medical Female Colleges, King Sand University, P.O. Box 22452-11459, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Siendones E, Fouad D, Díaz-Guerra MJM, de la Mata M, Boscá L, Muntané J. PGE1-induced NO reduces apoptosis by D-galactosamine through attenuation of NF-kappaB and NOS-2 expression in rat hepatocytes. Hepatology 2004; 40:1295-303. [PMID: 15565661 DOI: 10.1002/hep.20448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) reduces cell death in experimental and clinical liver dysfunction. We have previously shown that PGE1 preadministration protects against NO-dependent cell death induced by D-galactosamine (D-GalN) through a rapid increase of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) activity, inducible NO synthase (NOS-2) expression, and NO production. The present study investigates whether PGE1-induced NO was able to abolish NF-kappaB activation, NOS-2 expression, and apoptosis elicited by D-GalN. Rat hepatocytes were isolated following the classical method of collagenase perfusion of liver. PGE1 (1 micromol/L) was administered 2 hours before D-GalN (5 mmol/L) in primary culture rat hepatocytes. PGE1 reduced inhibitor kappaBalpha degradation, NF-kappaB activation, NOS-2 expression, and apoptosis induced by D-GalN. The administration of an inhibitor of NOS-2 abolished the inhibitory effect of PGE1 on NF-kappaB activation and NOS-2 expression in D-GalN-treated hepatocytes. Transfection studies using different plasmids corresponding to the NOS-2 promoter region showed that D-GalN and PGE1 regulate NOS-2 expression through NF-kappaB during the initial stage of hepatocyte treatment. PGE1 was able to reduce the promoter activity induced by D-GalN. In addition, a NO donor reduced NOS-2 promoter activity in transfected hepatocytes. In conclusion, administration of PGE1 to hepatocytes produces low levels of NO, which inhibits its own formation during D-GalN-induced cell death through the attenuation of NF-kappaB-dependent NOS-2 expression. Therefore, a dual role for NO in PGE1-treated D-GalN-induced toxicity in hepatocytes is characterized by a rapid NO release that attenuates the late and proapoptotic NOS-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Siendones
- Unidad de Investigación, Unidad Clínica Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
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Castilla R, González R, Fouad D, Fraga E, Muntané J. Dual effect of ethanol on cell death in primary culture of human and rat hepatocytes. Alcohol Alcohol 2004; 39:290-6. [PMID: 15208159 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agh065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS In-vivo and in-vitro studies have shown that ethanol induces hepatocyte damage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a broad range of ethanol concentrations on apoptosis and necrosis in primary culture of human and rat hepatocytes. METHODS Human and rat hepatocytes were isolated from human hepatectomies and male Wistar rats (200-250 g) using the classical collagenase perfusion method. After stabilization of cell culture, ethanol (0-10 mmol/l) was administered and the parameters were measured 24 h after ethanol addition. Apoptosis was studied by DNA fragmentation, iodide propidium-DNA staining, caspase-3 activity and annexin V binding in hepatocytes. Necrosis was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and GSH/GSSG were used as parameters of oxidative stress. RESULTS Ethanol enhanced dose-dependently all the parameters associated with apoptosis in human and rat hepatocytes. Low or high ethanol concentrations induced an opposite action against cell necrosis in cultured hepatocytes. Low concentrations of ethanol (1-2 mmol/l) reduced LDH release from human and rat hepatocytes. However, the highest ethanol concentration (10 mmol/l) induced a sharp increase in cell necrosis. The effect of ethanol on cell necrosis was related to lipid peroxidation in hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS Ethanol differentially regulates apoptosis or necrosis in cultured hepatocytes. Although ethanol exerted a dose-dependent induction of apoptosis, low ethanol concentrations were able to reduce basal lipid peroxidation and necrosis in hepatocytes. The highest ethanol concentration (10 mmol/l) induced apoptosis and necrosis in human and rat cultured hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Castilla
- Unidad Clínica Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
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43
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Fouad D, Siendones E, Costán G, Muntané J. Role of NF-kappaB activation and nitric oxide expression during PGE protection against d-galactosamine-induced cell death in cultured rat hepatocytes. Liver Int 2004; 24:227-36. [PMID: 15189274 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2004.00913.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) reduces cell death in experimental and clinical liver dysfunction. Nitric oxide (NO) mediates PGE1 protection against D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced cell death. Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB) plays a protective role in different experimental models of cell death. We investigated if NF-kappaB was responsible for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and cytoprotection induced by PGE1 against D-GalN cell death in cultured hepatocytes. Rat hepatocytes were isolated following the classical method of collagenase perfusion of liver. A kinetic study of cell death, NF-kappaB activation, mRNA and protein iNOS expression, and NO production was carried in hepatocytes treated with D-GalN (5 mM) in the presence or absence of PGE1 (1 microM) administered 2 h before the hepatotoxin. A proteasome inhibitor was used to evaluate the role of NF-kappaB activation in our experimental conditions. PGE1 protection against D-GalN-induced cell death was associated with its capacity to rapidly enhance NF-kappaB activation, mRNA and protein iNOS expression, and NO production in D-GalN-treated hepatocytes. The inhibition of NF-kappaB activation abolished iNOS expression and cell protection by PGE1 in hepatocytes treated with the hepatotoxin. The present study shows that the cytoprotection by PGE1 against D-GalN-induced apoptosis was related to NF-kappaB-dependent iNOS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Fouad
- Unidad Clínica Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
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44
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, blindness is associated with old age and being female. Other sociodemographic and socioeconomic status characteristics associated with blindness have included educational attainment, and occupation. These factors reflect exposure to specific risk factors for blinding eye diseases and utilisation of preventive and curative services by specific sectors of the population. METHODS A population based survey of blindness and trachoma was conducted in Menofiya governorate in Egypt. 3322 adults 50 years of age and over were sampled from throughout the governorate (population 2.7 million). Visual acuity and clinical conditions were recorded and interviews with respondents were conducted. RESULTS Overall, blindness (<6/60 presenting vision in the better eye) was recorded in 13% of the study population. Besides age and sex, other factors associated with blindness (logistic regression) were marital status and poor sanitation in the household. CONCLUSION Socioeconomic status does not appear to be a significant factor associated with blindness in adults in this setting. Instead, sociocultural factors, in particular, characteristics associated with gender sensitive decision making within households, are likely to be more important considerations in understanding blindness in these communities. Successfully combating blindness in the Nile Delta of Egypt will require gender sensitive efforts aimed at timely and effective utilisation of eye care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fouad
- Department of Biostatistics and Demography, Institute of Statistical Studies and Research, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Siendones E, Fouad D, Abou-Elella AMKE, Quintero A, Barrera P, Muntané J. Role of nitric oxide in D-galactosamine-induced cell death and its protection by PGE1 in cultured hepatocytes. Nitric Oxide 2003; 8:133-43. [PMID: 12620377 DOI: 10.1016/s1089-8603(02)00182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) reduces cell death in experimental and clinical manifestations of liver dysfunction. Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to exert a protective or noxious effect in different experimental models of liver injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of NO during PGE(1) protection against D-galactosamine (D-GalN) citotoxicity in cultured hepatocytes. PGE(1) was preadministered to D-GalN-treated hepatocytes. The role of NO in our system was assessed by iNOS inhibition and a NO donor. Different parameters related to apoptosis and necrosis, NO production such as nitrite+nitrate (NO(x)) release, iNOS expression, and NF-kappaB activation in hepatocytes were evaluated. The inhibition of iNOS reduced apoptosis induced by D-GalN in hepatocytes. PGE(1) protection against D-GalN injury was associated with its capacity to reduce iNOS expression and NO production induced by D-GalN. Nevertheless, iNOS inhibition showed that protection by PGE(1) was also mediated by NO. Low concentrations of a NO donor reduced D-GalN injury with a decrease in the extracellular NO(x) concentration. High concentrations of the NO donor enhanced NO(x) concentration and increased cell death by D-GalN. The present study suggests that low NO production induced by PGE(1) preadministration reduces D-GalN-induced cell death through its capacity to reduce iNOS expression and NO production caused by the hepatotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Siendones
- Unidad de Investigación, Servicio Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofi;a, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, E-14004, Córdoba, Spain
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