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Chen Y, Ci F, Jiang H, Meng D, Hamouda HI, Liu C, Quan Y, Chen S, Bai X, Zhang Z, Gao X, Balah MA, Mao X. Catalytic properties characterization and degradation mode elucidation of a polyG-specific alginate lyase OUC-FaAly7. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121929. [PMID: 38494211 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Polymerized guluronates (polyG)-specific alginate lyase with lower polymerized mannuronates (polyM)-degrading activity, superior stability, and clear action mode is a powerful biotechnology tool for the preparation of AOSs rich in M blocks. In this study, we expressed and characterized a polyG-specific alginate lyase OUC-FaAly7 from Formosa agariphila KMM3901. OUC-FaAly7 belonging to polysaccharide lyase (PL) family 7 had highest activity (2743.7 ± 20.3 U/μmol) at 45 °C and pH 6.0. Surprisingly, its specific activity against polyG reached 8560.2 ± 76.7 U/μmol, whereas its polyM-degrading activity was nearly 0 within 10 min reaction. Suggesting that OUC-FaAly7 was a strict polyG-specific alginate lyase. Importantly, OUC-FaAly7 showed a wide range of temperature adaptations and remarkable temperature and pH stability. Its relative activity between 20 °C and 45 °C reached >90 % of the maximum activity. The minimum identifiable substrate of OUC-FaAly7 was guluronate tetrasaccharide (G4). Action process and mode showed that it was a novel alginate lyase digesting guluronate hexaose (G6), guluronate heptaose (G7), and polymerized guluronates, with the preferential generation of unsaturated guluronate pentasaccharide (UG5), although which could be further degraded into unsaturated guluronate disaccharide (UG3) and trisaccharide (UG2). This study contributes to illustrating the catalytic properties, substrate recognition, and action mode of novel polyG-specific alginate lyases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Fangfang Ci
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Weihai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chuangxin Road 166-6, Torch Hi-tech Science Park, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China.
| | - Di Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Hamed I Hamouda
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Processes Design and Development Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Chunhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Yongyi Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Suxue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xinxue Bai
- Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Mohamed A Balah
- Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo 11753, Egypt
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
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Wang T, Li D, Tian X, Huang G, He M, Wang C, Kumbhar AN, Woldemicael AG. Mitigating salinity stress through interactions between microalgae and different forms (free-living & alginate gel-encapsulated) of bacteria isolated from estuarine environments. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171909. [PMID: 38522526 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Salinity stress in estuarine environments poses a significant challenge for microalgal survival and proliferation. The interaction between microalgae and bacteria shows promise in alleviating the detrimental impacts of salinity stress on microalgae. Our study investigates this interaction by co-cultivating Chlorella sorokiniana, a freshwater microalga, with a marine growth-promoting bacterium Pseudomonas gessardii, both of which were isolated from estuary. In this study, bacteria were encapsulated using sodium alginate microspheres to establish an isolated co-culture system, preventing direct exposure between microalgae and bacteria. We evaluated microalgal responses to different salinities (5 PSU, 15 PSU) and interaction modes (free-living, gel-encapsulated), focusing on growth, photosynthesis, cellular metabolism, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) properties. High salinity inhibited microalgal proliferation, while gel-fixed interaction boosted Chlorella growth rate by 50.7 %. Both attached and free-living bacteria restored Chlorella's NPQ to normal levels under salt stress. Microalgae in the free-living interaction group exhibited a significantly lower respiratory rate compared to the pure algae group (-17.2 %). Increased salinity led to enhanced EPS polysaccharide secretion by microalgae, particularly in interaction groups (19.7 %). Both salt stress and interaction increased the proportion of aromatic proteins in microalgae's EPS, enhancing its stability by modulating EPS glycosidic bond C-O-C and protein vibrations. This alteration caused microalgal cells to aggregate, free-living bacteria co-culture group, and fixed co-culture group increasing by 427.5 %, 567.1 %, and 704.1 %, respectively. In gel-fixed bacteria groups, reduced neutral lipids don't accumulate starch instead, carbon redirects to cellular growth, aiding salt stress mitigation. These synergistic activities between salinity and bacterial interactions are vital in mitigating salinity stress, improving the resilience and growth of microalgae in saline conditions. Our research sheds light on the mechanisms of microalgal-bacterial interactions in coping with salt stress, offering insights into the response of estuarine microorganisms to global environmental changes and their ecological stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guolin Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meilin He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Changhai Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Co-Innovation Center for Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Ali Nawaz Kumbhar
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Abeselom Ghirmai Woldemicael
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Fang D, Zhang C, Mei J, Qiu W, Xie J. Effects of vitamin C combined with sodium alginate on serum biochemistry, oxidative stress, gill tissue morphology, and muscle quality of pearl gentian grouper during waterless transport. Fish Physiol Biochem 2024; 50:495-512. [PMID: 38051410 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01280-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
This research examined the effects of sodium alginate (SA) and vitamin C (Vc) soaking of pearl gentian grouper before waterless transportation from the perspectives of serum parameters, oxidative stress, muscle quality, and gill tissue morphology. After the fish reached semi-dormancy with a cooling rate of 3 °C/h, fish (420 ± 25 g) were distributed to 4 treatments as follows: S1 group (50 mg/L Vc and 0.1% SA were added), S2 group (50 mg/L Vc and 0.3% SA were added), S3 group (50 mg/L Vc and 0.5% SA were added), and control group (without soaking in protective fluid). After oxygenated packaging, samples were taken at 0, 8, and 16 h of waterless transportation and 12 h after rehydration, respectively. It was found that after 16 h of waterless transport, compared with the control group, cortisol, glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), creatinine (CREA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while albumin, lysozyme (LZM), muscle pH, and total free amino acid (TFAA) contents were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in the S3 group. Moreover, by gill tissue microscopy, it was found that the protective solution of group S3 did not cause serious deleterious morphological changes to the gill epithelium. The results showed that the grouper was soaked by protective fluid before waterless could maintain surface moisture, reduce gill and kidney function and oxidative stress damage, and maintain the stability of muscle quality. This study provides a novel transportation method for waterless preservation, which helps to reduce transportation costs and improve transportation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Fang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jun Mei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform On Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Weiqiang Qiu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform On Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform On Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Wang S, Yu Y, Liu J, Hu S, Shi S, Feng W, Mao Y. Alginate oligosaccharide alleviates vascular aging by upregulating glutathione peroxidase 7. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 126:109578. [PMID: 38216066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) may delay aging by decreasing oxidative stress, but the effects on vascular aging remain unclear. Here, we evaluate the effect of AOS on vascular aging and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Twenty-month-old rats acted as the natural aging model in vivo. Senescence of human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs) was induced in vitro using angiotensin II (AngII). The aging rats and senescent cells were treated with AOS, followed by assessment of aging makers, oxidative stress, and aging-induced vascular remodeling. AOS treatment alleviated vascular aging and HA-VSMC senescence and decreased the levels of oxidative stress and vascular remodeling-associated indicators. AOS upregulated the expression of glutathione peroxidase 7 (GPX7) in aging rats and GPX7 depletion disrupted the geroprotective effect of AOS. AOS increased the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) protein, which interacts with GPX7 protein to induce its expression. In conclusion, AOS alleviates vascular aging and HA-VSMC senescence and reduces aging-related vascular remodeling via the GPX7 antioxidant pathway, which may provide new avenues for treating aging-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yao Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Song Hu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shujuan Shi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjing Feng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongjun Mao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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5
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Pangjantuk A, Kaokaen P, Kunhorm P, Chaicharoenaudomrung N, Noisa P. 3D culture of alginate-hyaluronic acid hydrogel supports the stemness of human mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4436. [PMID: 38396088 PMCID: PMC10891100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54912-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system is being employed more frequently to investigate cell engineering and tissue repair due to its close mimicry of in vivo microenvironments. In this study, we developed natural biomaterials, including hyaluronic acid, alginate, and gelatin, to mimic the creation of a 3D human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) extracellular environment and selected hydrogels with high proliferation capacity for 3D MSC culture. Human mesenchymal stem cells were encapsulated within hydrogels, and an investigation was conducted into the effects on cell viability and proliferation, stemness properties, and telomere activity compared to the 2D monolayer culture. Hydrogel characterization, cell proliferation, Live/Dead cell viability assay, gene expression, telomere relative length, and MSC stemness-related proteins by immunofluorescence staining were examined. The results showed that 3D alginate-hyaluronic acid (AL-HA) hydrogels increased cell proliferation, and the cells were grown as cellular spheroids within hydrogels and presented a high survival rate of 77.36% during the culture period of 14 days. Furthermore, the 3D alginate-hyaluronic acid (AL-HA) hydrogels increased the expression of stemness-related genes (OCT-4, NANOG, SOX2, and SIRT1), tissue growth and development genes (YAP and TAZ), and cell proliferation gene (Ki67) after culture for 14 days. Moreover, the telomere activity of the 3D MSCs was enhanced, as indicated by the upregulation of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (hTERT) and the relative telomere length (T/S ratio) compared to the 2D monolayer culture. Altogether, these data suggest that the 3D alginate-hyaluronic acid (AL-HA) hydrogels could serve as a promising material for maintaining stem cell properties and might be a suitable carrier for tissue engineering proposals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amorn Pangjantuk
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Palakorn Kaokaen
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Phongsakorn Kunhorm
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Nipha Chaicharoenaudomrung
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Parinya Noisa
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
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Zhang YS, Zhang YQ, Zhao XM, Liu XL, Qin QL, Liu NH, Xu F, Chen XL, Zhang YZ, Li PY. Metagenomic insights into the dynamic degradation of brown algal polysaccharides by kelp-associated microbiota. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0202523. [PMID: 38259074 PMCID: PMC10880675 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02025-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine bacteria play important roles in the degradation and cycling of algal polysaccharides. However, the dynamics of epiphytic bacterial communities and their roles in algal polysaccharide degradation during kelp decay are still unclear. Here, we performed metagenomic analyses to investigate the identities and predicted metabolic abilities of epiphytic bacterial communities during the early and late decay stages of the kelp Saccharina japonica. During kelp decay, the dominant epiphytic bacterial communities shifted from Gammaproteobacteria to Verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetes. In the early decay stage of S. japonica, epiphytic bacteria primarily targeted kelp-derived labile alginate for degradation, among which the gammaproteobacterial Vibrionaceae (particularly Vibrio) and Psychromonadaceae (particularly Psychromonas), abundant in alginate lyases belonging to the polysaccharide lyase (PL) families PL6, PL7, and PL17, were key alginate degraders. More complex fucoidan was preferred to be degraded in the late decay stage of S. japonica by epiphytic bacteria, predominantly from Verrucomicrobia (particularly Lentimonas), Pirellulaceae of Planctomycetes (particularly Rhodopirellula), Pontiellaceae of Kiritimatiellota, and Flavobacteriaceae of Bacteroidetes, which depended on using glycoside hydrolases (GHs) from the GH29, GH95, and GH141 families and sulfatases from the S1_15, S1_16, S1_17, and S1_25 families to depolymerize fucoidan. The pathways for algal polysaccharide degradation in dominant epiphytic bacterial groups were reconstructed based on analyses of metagenome-assembled genomes. This study sheds light on the roles of different epiphytic bacteria in the degradation of brown algal polysaccharides.IMPORTANCEKelps are important primary producers in coastal marine ecosystems. Polysaccharides, as major components of brown algal biomass, constitute a large fraction of organic carbon in the ocean. However, knowledge of the identities and pathways of epiphytic bacteria involved in the degradation process of brown algal polysaccharides during kelp decay is still elusive. Here, based on metagenomic analyses, the succession of epiphytic bacterial communities and their metabolic potential were investigated during the early and late decay stages of Saccharina japonica. Our study revealed a transition in algal polysaccharide-degrading bacteria during kelp decay, shifting from alginate-degrading Gammaproteobacteria to fucoidan-degrading Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, Kiritimatiellota, and Bacteroidetes. A model for the dynamic degradation of algal cell wall polysaccharides, a complex organic carbon, by epiphytic microbiota during kelp decay was proposed. This study deepens our understanding of the role of epiphytic bacteria in marine algal carbon cycling as well as pathogen control in algal culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi-Long Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiu-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System & College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Joint Research Center for Marine Microbiol Science and Technology, Shandong University and Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ping-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Joint Research Center for Marine Microbiol Science and Technology, Shandong University and Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Jiang J, Wang Y, Jiang Z, Yan Q, Yang S. High-level production of a novel alginate lyase (FsAly7) from Flammeovirga sp. for efficient production of low viscosity soluble dietary fiber from sodium alginate. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 326:121605. [PMID: 38142093 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Sodium alginate is one of the most abundant sustainable gum source for dietary fiber production. However, the preparation efficiencies of low viscosity soluble dietary fiber from sodium alginate remain low. Here, a novel alginate lyase gene (FsAly7) from Flammeovirga sp. was identified and high-level expressed in Pichia pastoris for low viscosity soluble dietary fiber production. The highest enzyme production of 3050 U mL-1 was achieved, which is by far the highest yield ever reported. FsAly7 was used for low viscosity soluble dietary fiber production from sodium alginate, and the highest degradation rate of 85.5 % was achieved under a high substrate content of 20 % (w/v). The molecular weight of obtained soluble dietary fiber converged to 10.75 kDa. FsAly7 catalyzed the cleavage of glycosidic bonds in alginate chains with formation of unsaturated non-reducing ends simultaneously in the degradation process, thus altered the chemical structures of hydrolysates. The soluble dietary fiber exhibited excellent properties, including low viscosity, high oil adsorption capacity activity (2.20 ± 0.03 g g-1) and high emulsifying activity (60.05 ± 2.96 mL/100 mL). This investigation may provide a novel alginate lyase catalyst as well as a solution for the efficient production of low viscosity soluble dietary fiber from sodium alginate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiaojuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
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Marchetti L, Truzzi E, Rossi MC, Benvenuti S, Cappellozza S, Saviane A, Bogataj L, Siligardi C, Bertelli D. Alginate-Based Carriers Loaded with Mulberry ( Morus alba L.) Leaf Extract: A Promising Strategy for Prolonging 1-Deoxynojirimicyn (DNJ) Systemic Activity for the Nutraceutical Management of Hyperglycemic Conditions. Molecules 2024; 29:797. [PMID: 38398549 PMCID: PMC10892242 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The iminosugar 1-deoxynojirimicyn (DNJ) contained in mulberry leaves has displayed systemic beneficial effects against disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. Nevertheless, its effect is impaired by the short half-life. Alginate-based carriers were developed to encapsulate a DNJ-rich mulberry extract: Ca-alginate beads, obtained by external gelation, and spray-dried alginate microparticles (SDMs). Mean size and distribution, morphology, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, experimental yield, and release characteristics were determined for the two formulations. Ca-alginate beads and SDMs exhibited an encapsulation efficiency of about 54% and 98%, respectively, and a DNJ loading in the range of 0.43-0.63 μg/mg. The in vitro release study demonstrated the carriers' capability in controlling the DNJ release in acid and basic conditions (<50% in 5 h), due to electrostatic interactions, which were demonstrated by 1H-NMR relaxometry studies. Thus, alginate-based particles proved to be promising strategies for producing food supplements containing mulberry leaf extracts for the management of hyperglycemic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Marchetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Eleonora Truzzi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Cecilia Rossi
- Centro Interdipartimentale Grandi Strumenti, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Stefania Benvenuti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Silvia Cappellozza
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Via Eulero, 6a, 35143 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Alessio Saviane
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Via Eulero, 6a, 35143 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Luca Bogataj
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Via Eulero, 6a, 35143 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Cristina Siligardi
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Davide Bertelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.M.); (S.B.)
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9
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Lee HK, Woo S, Baek D, Min M, Jung GY, Lim HG. Direct and robust citramalate production from brown macroalgae using fast-growing Vibrio sp. dhg. Bioresour Technol 2024; 394:130304. [PMID: 38211713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Brown macroalgae is a promising feedstock for biorefinery owing to its high biomass productivity and contents of carbohydrates such as alginate and mannitol. However, the limited availability of microbial platforms efficiently catabolizing the brown macroalgae sugars has restricted its utilization. In this study, the direct production of citramalate, an important industrial compound, was demonstrated from brown macroalgae by utilizing Vibrio sp. dhg, which has a remarkably efficient catabolism of alginate and mannitol. Specifically, citramalate synthase from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii was synthetically expressed, and competing pathways were removed to maximally redirect the carbon flux toward citramalate production. Notably, a resulting strain, VXHC, produced citramalate up to 9.8 g/L from a 20 g/L mixture of alginate and mannitol regardless of their ratios. Citramalate was robustly produced even when diverse brown macroalgae were provided directly. Collectively, this study showcased the high potential of brown macroalgae biorefinery using Vibrio sp. dhg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyung Lee
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
| | - Sunghwa Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
| | - Dongyeop Baek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
| | - Myeongwon Min
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
| | - Gyoo Yeol Jung
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea; Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea.
| | - Hyun Gyu Lim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-Ro, Michuhol-Gu, Incheon 22212, Korea.
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10
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Xu H, Gao Q, Li L, Su T, Ming D. How alginate lyase produces quasi-monodisperse oligosaccharides: A normal-mode-based docking and molecular dynamics simulation study. Carbohydr Res 2024; 536:109022. [PMID: 38242069 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Oligosaccharide degradation products of alginate (AOS) hold significant potential in diverse fields, including pharmaceuticals, health foods, textiles, and agricultural production. Enzymatic alginate degradation is appealing due to its mild conditions, predictable activity, high yields, and controllability. However, the alginate degradation often results in a complex mixture of oligosaccharides, necessitating costly purification to isolate highly active oligosaccharides with a specific degree of polymerization (DP). Addressing this, our study centers on the alginate lyase AlyB from Vibrio Splendidus OU02, which uniquely breaks down alginate into mono-distributed trisaccharides. This enzyme features a polysaccharide lyase family 7 domain (PL-7) and a CBM32 carbohydrate-binding module connected by a helical structure. Through normal-mode-based docking and all-atom molecular simulations, we demonstrate that AlyB's substrate and product specificities are influenced by the spatial conformation of the catalytic pocket and the flexibility of its structure. The helically attached CBM is pivotal in releasing trisaccharides, which is crucial for avoiding further degradation. This study sheds light on AlyB's specificity and efficiency and contributes to the evolving field of enzyme design for producing targeted oligosaccharides, with significant implications for various bioindustries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyue Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu, 211816, PR China; Now Studying in the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Qi Gao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu, 211816, PR China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu, 211816, PR China
| | - Ting Su
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu, 211816, PR China
| | - Dengming Ming
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu, 211816, PR China.
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11
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Smink AM, Medina JD, de Haan BJ, García AJ, de Vos P. Necrostatin-1 releasing nanoparticles: In vitro and in vivo efficacy for supporting immunoisolated islet transplantation outcomes. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:288-295. [PMID: 37776226 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Immunoisolation of pancreatic islets in alginate microcapsules allows for transplantation in the absence of immunosuppression but graft survival time is still limited. This limited graft survival is caused by a combination of tissue responses to the encapsulating biomaterial and islets. A significant loss of islet cells occurs in the immediate period after transplantation and is caused by a high susceptibility of islet cells to inflammatory stress during this period. Here we investigated whether necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), a necroptosis inhibitor, can reduce the loss of islet cells under stress in vitro and in vivo. To this end, we developed a Nec-1 controlled-release system using poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) as the application of Nec-1 in vivo is limited by low stability and possible side effects. The PLGA NPs stably released Nec-1 for 6 days in vitro and protected beta cells against hypoxia-induced cell death in vitro. Treatment with these Nec-1 NPs at days 0, 6, and 12 post-islet transplantation in streptozotocin-diabetic mice confirmed the absence of side effects as graft survival was similar in encapsulated islet grafts in the absence and presence of Nec-1. However, we found no further prolongation of graft survival of encapsulated grafts which might be explained by the high biocompatibility of the alginate encapsulation system that provoked a very mild tissue response. We expect that the Nec-1-releasing NPs could find application to immunoisolation systems that elicit stronger inflammatory responses, such as macrodevices and vasculogenic biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Smink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan D Medina
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bart J de Haan
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrés J García
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Paul de Vos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Li J, Pei X, Xue C, Chang Y, Shen J, Zhang Y. A repertoire of alginate lyases in the alginate polysaccharide utilization loci of marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica: biochemical properties and action pattern. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:134-140. [PMID: 37540808 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alginate lyases are important tools for alginate biodegradation and oligosaccharide production, which have great potential in food and biofuel fields. The alginate polysaccharide utilization loci (PUL) typically encode a series of alginate lyases with a synergistic action pattern. Exploring valuable alginate lyases and revealing the synergistic effect of enzymes in the PUL is of great significance. RESULTS An alginate PUL was discovered from the marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica CZ1127T , and a repertoire of alginate lyases within it was cloned, expressed and characterized. The four alginate lyases in PUL demonstrated similar optimal reaction conditions: maximum enzyme activity at 35-50 °C and pH 8.0-9.0. The results of action pattern indicated that they were two PL7 endolytic bifunctional enzymes (Aly7A and Aly7B), a PL6 exolytic bifunctional enzyme (Aly6A) and a PL17 exolytic M-specific enzyme (Aly17A). Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed to reveal the synergistic effect of the four enzymes. The end products of Aly7A were further degraded by Aly7B and eventually generated oligosaccharides, from disaccharide to heptasaccharide. The oligosaccharide products were completely degraded to monosaccharides by Aly6A, but it was unable to directly degrade alginate. Aly17A could also produce monosaccharides by cleaving the M-blocks of oligosaccharide products, as well as the M-blocks of polysaccharides. The combination of these enzymes resulted in the complete degradation of alginate to monosaccharides. CONCLUSION A new alginate PUL was mined and four novel alginate lyases in the PUL were expressed and characterized. The four cooperative alginate lyases provide novel tools for alginate degradation and biological fermentation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaojie Pei
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Group Co. Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingjing Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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13
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Soltani L, Varmira K, Nazari M. Comparison of the differentiation of ovine fetal bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells towards osteocytes on chitosan/alginate/CuO-NPs and chitosan/alginate/FeO-NPs scaffolds. Sci Rep 2024; 14:161. [PMID: 38168144 PMCID: PMC10762099 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50664-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the creation of a chitosan/alginate scaffold hydrogel with and without FeO-NPs or CuO-NPs was studied. From fetal ovine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were isolated and cultivated. Their differentiation into osteocyte and adipose cells was investigated. Also, on the scaffolds, cytotoxicity and apoptosis were studied. To investigate the differentiation, treatment groups include: (1) BM-MSCs were plated in DMEM culture medium with high glucose containing 10% FBS and antibiotics (negative control); (2) BM-MSCs were plated in osteogenic differentiation medium (positive control); (3) positive control group + FeO-NPs, (4) positive control group + CuO-NPs; (5) BM-MSCs were plated in osteogenic differentiation medium on chitosan/alginate scaffold; (6) BM-MSCs were plated in osteogenic differentiation medium on chitosan/alginate/FeO-NPs scaffold; and (7) BM-MSCs were plated in osteogenic differentiation medium on chitosan/alginate/CuO-NPs scaffold. Alkaline phosphatase enzyme concentrations, mineralization rate using a calcium kit, and mineralization measurement by alizarin staining quantification were evaluated after 21 days of culture. In addition, qRT-PCR was used to assess the expression of the ALP, ColA, and Runx2 genes. When compared to other treatment groups, the addition of CuO-NPs in the chitosan/alginate hydrogel significantly increased the expression of the ColA and Runx2 genes (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the chitosan/alginate hydrogel groups containing FeO-NPs and CuO-NPs in the expression of the ALP gene. It appears that the addition of nanoparticles, in particular CuO-NPs, has made the chitosan/alginate scaffold more effective in supporting osteocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Soltani
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, 67144-14971, Iran.
| | - Kambiz Varmira
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Maryam Nazari
- Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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14
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Zhyvolozhnyi A, Samoylenko A, Bart G, Kaisanlahti A, Hekkala J, Makieieva O, Pratiwi F, Miinalainen I, Kaakinen M, Bergman U, Singh P, Nurmi T, Khosrowbadi E, Abdelrady E, Kellokumpu S, Kosamo S, Reunanen J, Röning J, Hiltunen J, Vainio SJ. Enrichment of sweat-derived extracellular vesicles of human and bacterial origin for biomarker identification. Nanotheranostics 2024; 8:48-63. [PMID: 38164498 PMCID: PMC10750121 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.87822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Sweat contains biomarkers for real-time non-invasive health monitoring, but only a few relevant analytes are currently used in clinical practice. In the present study, we investigated whether sweat-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be used as a source of potential protein biomarkers of human and bacterial origin. Methods: By using ExoView platform, electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and Western blotting we characterized EVs in the sweat of eight volunteers performing rigorous exercise. We compared the presence of EV markers as well as general protein composition of total sweat, EV-enriched sweat and sweat samples collected in alginate skin patches. Results: We identified 1209 unique human proteins in EV-enriched sweat, of which approximately 20% were present in every individual sample investigated. Sweat derived EVs shared 846 human proteins (70%) with total sweat, while 368 proteins (30%) were captured by medical grade alginate skin patch and such EVs contained the typical exosome marker CD63. The majority of identified proteins are known to be carried by EVs found in other biofluids, mostly urine. Besides human proteins, EV-enriched sweat samples contained 1594 proteins of bacterial origin. Bacterial protein profiles in EV-enriched sweat were characterized by high interindividual variability, that reflected differences in total sweat composition. Alginate-based sweat patch accumulated only 5% proteins of bacterial origin. Conclusion: We showed that sweat-derived EVs provide a rich source of potential biomarkers of human and bacterial origin. Use of commercially available alginate skin patches selectively enrich for human derived material with very little microbial material collected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Zhyvolozhnyi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anatoliy Samoylenko
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Geneviève Bart
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Kaisanlahti
- Faculty of Medicine, Biocenter of Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Jenni Hekkala
- Faculty of Medicine, Biocenter of Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Olha Makieieva
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Feby Pratiwi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ilkka Miinalainen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Kaakinen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ulrich Bergman
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Prateek Singh
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuomas Nurmi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Elham Khosrowbadi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eslam Abdelrady
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sakari Kellokumpu
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Susanna Kosamo
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Justus Reunanen
- Faculty of Medicine, Biocenter of Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Röning
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Seppo J. Vainio
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, InfoTech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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15
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Xiao Z, Li K, Li T, Zhang F, Xue J, Zhao M, Yin H. Characterization and Mechanism Study of a Novel PL7 Family Exolytic Alginate Lyase from Marine Bacteria Vibrio sp. W13. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:68-84. [PMID: 37099125 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Alginate lyase can degrade alginate into oligosaccharides through β-elimination for various biological, biorefinery, and agricultural purposes. Here, we report a novel PL7 family exolytic alginate lyase VwAlg7A from marine bacteria Vibrio sp. W13 and achieve the heterologous expression in E. coli BL21 (DE3). VwAlg7A is 348aa with a calculated molecular weight of 36 kDa, containing an alginate lyase 2 domain. VwAlg7A exhibits specificity towards poly-guluronate. The optimal temperature and pH of VwAlg7A are 30 °C and 7.0, respectively. The activity of VwAlg7A can be significantly inhibited by the Ni2+, Zn2+, and NaCl. The Km and Vmax of VwAlg7A are 36.9 mg/ml and 395.6 μM/min, respectively. The ESI and HPAEC-PAD results indicate that VwAlg7A cleaves the sugar bond in an exolytic mode. Based on the molecular docking and mutagenesis results, we further confirmed that R98, H169, and Y303 are important catalytic residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbin Xiao
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Department of Materials and Chemicals, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Kuikui Li
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Tang Li
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Fanxing Zhang
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Department of Materials and Chemicals, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiayi Xue
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Department of Materials and Chemicals, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Miao Zhao
- Department of Materials and Chemicals, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
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16
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Carvalho ED, Morais MRG, Pêgo AP, Barrias CC, Araújo M. The interplay between chemical conjugation and biologic performance in the development of alginate-based 3D matrices to mimic neural microenvironments. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121412. [PMID: 37940293 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Biofunctionalization of polysaccharides is a widely used strategy for obtaining extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking biomaterials. Still, commonly employed chemistries present low reaction yields and the selection of the most adequate bioconjugation route can be challenging. Herein, we compared the performance of carbodiimide and reductive amination chemistries for the synthesis of tailored peptide-alginate hybrid hydrogels as neural tissue mimics. Reductive amination dramatically improved the peptide grafting efficiency, with yields of 50 % vs. 20 %, allowing 1.5 to 3-fold higher incorporation of cell-adhesive and matrix-metalloproteinases (MMP)-sensitive peptides, respectively. The conjugation of dual-end reactive MMP-sensitive peptides promoted a partial crosslinking, allowing adjusting gelation, stiffness, and degradability of hydrogels. Such parameters depended on the glycosidic position where the bioactive peptide binds, determined by the adopted chemical strategy, and this significantly impacted the biological response. Reductive amination provided softer (50-210 Pa) and fully degradable (60-100 % weight loss) hydrogels, depending on the amount of peptide in formulation, contrasting with the stiffer (400 Pa) and less degradable (40 % weight loss) carbodiimide-based hydrogels. Due to their opened polymer chain and increased peptide availability to cells, such hydrogels better supported the 3D culture of primary astrocytes, which present high complexity and process branching, allowing the development of improved brain ECM-mimicking systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva D Carvalho
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel R G Morais
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana P Pêgo
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina C Barrias
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marco Araújo
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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17
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Liu M, Zhang F, Xiao J, Liu B, Cespedes CL, Meng X. The M/G ratio of alginate oligosaccharides: The key to enhance the coloration of strawberries. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121422. [PMID: 37940253 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) have various biological activities in the regulation of plant growth and development. However, little is known about the effect on fruit coloration. We assessed the impacts of varying Mannuronate/Guluronate ratio (M/G ratios) of AOS, namely oligoguluronate (GAOS), oligomannuronate (MAOS), and heterogeneous AOS (HAOS), and delved into the structure-function relationship, as well as the mechanisms of regulation. The promotion of strawberry coloration was observed in HAOS (M/G ratio ≈ 1.58; Mw = 2800 Da) and MAOS (M/G ratio ≈ 6.77; Mw = 6000 Da), whereas GAOS (M/G ratio ≈ 0.2; Mw = 5500 Da) did not exhibit any significant effect. The metabolomics analysis revealed that the impact of AOS was predominantly observed on the biosynthesis of flavonoids. The predominant flavonoids present in strawberries were anthocyanins. The application of HAOS and MAOS on strawberries increased anthocyanin content. This was accompanied by an up-regulation of genes related to the JA synthesis pathway. Additionally, transcription factors and structural genes related to anthocyanin synthesis and transport were up-regulated. The findings suggest that HAOS and MAOS may trigger the JA pathway, leading to an elevation in anthocyanin metabolism and consequent enhancement of strawberry coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, Universidade de Vigo, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Bingjie Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Carlos L Cespedes
- Department of Basic Sciences, Research Group in Chemistry and Biotechnology of Bioactive Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences, University of Bio-Bío, Andrés Bello Avenue, Chillan, Chile
| | - Xianghong Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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18
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Jiang L, Gao T, Liu M, Li F. Chitosan-sodium alginate-polyethylene glycol-Ally isothiocyante nanocomposites ameliorates isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23531. [PMID: 37724821 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common type of ischemic heart disease that affects millions of people worldwide. In recent times, nanotechnology has become a very promising field with immense applications. The current exploration was conducted to synthesize the chitosan-sodium alginate-polyethylene glycol-Ally isothiocyanate nanocomposites (CSP-AIso-NCs) and evaluate their beneficial roles against the isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI in rats. The CSP-AIso-NCs were prepared and characterized by several characterization techniques. The MI was initiated in the rats by the administration of 85 mg/kg of ISO for 2 days and treated with 10 and 20 mg/kg of CSP-AIso-NCs for 1 month. The changes in heart weight and bodyweight were measured. The cardiac function markers were assessed with echocardiography. The lipid profiles, Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ions, cardiac biomarkers, antioxidant parameters, and inflammatory cytokines were assessed using corresponding assay kits. The histopathological study was done on the heart tissues. The UV spectral analysis revealed the maximum peak at 208 nm, which confirms the formation of CSP-AIso-NCs. The FT-IR analysis revealed the occurrence of different functional groups, and the crystallinity of the CSP-AIso-NCs was proved by the XRD analysis. DLS analysis indicated the size of the CSP-AIso-NCs at 146.50 nm. The CSP-AIso-NCs treatment increased the bodyweight and decreased the HW/BW ratio in the MI rats. The status of lipids was reduced, and HDL was elevated in the CSP-AIso-NCs administered to MI rats. CSP-AIso-NCs decreased the LVEDs, LVEDd, and NT-proBNP and increased the LVEF level. The oxidative stress markers were decreased, and the antioxidants were increased by the CSP-AIso-NCs treatment in the MI rats. The Na+ and Ca+ ions were reduced, and the K+ ions were increased by the CSP-AIso-NCs. The interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were also depleted, and Nrf-2 was improved in the CSP-AIso-NCs administered to MI rats. The histological study revealed the ameliorative effects of CSP-AIso-NCs. Overall, our outcomes revealed that the CSP-AIso-NCs are effective against the ISO-induced MI rats. Hence, it could be a hopeful therapeutic nanomedicine for MI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tingchao Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangxu Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Ummat V, Sivagnanam SP, Rameshkumar S, Pednekar M, Fitzpatrick S, Rai DK, Padamati RB, O'Donnell C, Tiwari BK. Sequential extraction of fucoidan, laminarin, mannitol, alginate and protein from brown macroalgae Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128195. [PMID: 38008143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The study involves development of a green biorefinery process for obtaining fucoidan, laminarin, mannitol, alginate and protein from dry and fresh Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum using hydrochloric acid and a green extraction solvent. After the extraction of fucoidan which was the targeted biomolecule, an extract and by-product (residual biomass) were obtained. The extract was passed through an ultrafiltration membrane, where fucoidan was obtained in the ultrafiltration retentate while ultrafiltration permeate was analysed for laminarin and mannitol. The residual biomass was used for obtaining alginate using ultrasound (20 kHz, 64 % amplitude and 32 min, optimum parameters for alginate extraction based on our previous study). All the samples, showed good results for alginate, laminarin and mannitol, indicating that the by-products can be utilised using this green extraction process. The comparison of both dry and fresh seaweed is relevant from an industry perspective, as fresh seaweed can directly be used for extraction, avoiding drying which adds significantly to the cost of the process. Life cycle impact assessment of the complete seaweed value chain has been carried out to identify the energy demand and key environmental hotspots. This biorefinery process can be used by industry to improve their processes and utilise the by-products generated efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viruja Ummat
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland; BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Saravana Periaswamy Sivagnanam
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Chemical and BioPharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin 24, Ireland
| | - Saranya Rameshkumar
- BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; CRANN, School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mukesh Pednekar
- School of Physics, CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Dilip K Rai
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ramesh Babu Padamati
- BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; CRANN, School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Colm O'Donnell
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Brijesh Kumar Tiwari
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland; BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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20
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Xiao WN, Nunn GM, Fufeng AB, Belu N, Brookman RK, Halim A, Krysmanski EC, Cameron RK. Exploring Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato biofilm-like aggregate formation in susceptible and PTI-responding Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol Plant Pathol 2024; 25:e13403. [PMID: 37988240 PMCID: PMC10799205 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilm-like aggregates have been observed in plants, but their role in pathogenicity is underinvestigated. In the present study, we observed that extracellular DNA and polysaccharides colocalized with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) aggregates in Arabidopsis leaves, suggesting that Pst aggregates are biofilms. GFP-expressing Pst, Pst ΔalgU ΔmucAB (Pst algU mutant), and Pst ΔalgD ΔalgU ΔmucAB (Pst algU algD mutant) were examined to explore the roles of (1) alginate, a potential biofilm component; (2) Pst AlgU, thought to regulate alginate biosynthesis and some type III secretion system effector genes; and (3) intercellular salicylic acid (SA) accumulation during pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). Pst formed extensive aggregates in susceptible plants, whereas aggregate numbers and size were reduced in Pst algU and Pst algD algU mutants, and both multiplied poorly in planta, suggesting that aggregate formation contributes to Pst success in planta. However, in SA-deficient sid2-2 plants, Pst algD algU mutant multiplication and aggregate formation were partially restored, suggesting plant-produced SA contributes to suppression of Pst aggregate formation. Pst algD algU mutants formed fewer and smaller aggregates than Pst algU mutants, suggesting both AlgU and AlgD contribute to Pst aggregate formation. Col-0 plants accumulated low levels of SA in response to Pst and both mutants (Pst algU and Pst algD algU), suggesting the regulatory functions of AlgU are not involved in suppressing SA-mediated plant defence. Plant PTI was associated with highly reduced Pst aggregate formation and accumulation of intercellular SA in flg22-induced PTI-responding wild-type Col-0, but not in PTI-incompetent fls2, suggesting intercellular SA accumulation by Arabidopsis contributes to suppression of Pst biofilm-like aggregate formation during PTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantao N. Xiao
- Department of BiologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Garrett M. Nunn
- Department of BiologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | | | - Natalie Belu
- Department of BiologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | | | - Abdul Halim
- Department of BiologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
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21
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Shuai Q, Liang Y, Xu X, Halbiyat Z, Wang X, Cheng J, Liu J, Huang T, Peng Z, Wang L, He S, Zhao H, Liu Z, Xu J, Xie J. Sodium alginate hydrogel integrated with type III collagen and mesenchymal stem cell to promote endometrium regeneration and fertility restoration. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127314. [PMID: 37827397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
A thinner endometrium has been linked to implantation failure, and various therapeutic strategies have been attempted to improve endometrial regeneration, including the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, low survival and retention rates of transplanted stem cells are main obstacles to efficient stem cell therapy in thin endometrium. Collagen type III is a key component of the extracellular matrix, plays a crucial role in promoting cell proliferation and differentiation, and has been identified as the major collagen expressed at the implantation site. Herein, composite alginate hydrogel containing recombinant type III collagen (rCo III) and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are developed. rCo III serves as favorable bioactive molecule, displaying that rCo III administration promotes MSCs proliferation, stemness maintenance and migration. Moreover, rCo III administration enhances cell viability and migration of mouse endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). In a mouse model of thin endometrium, the Alg-rCo III hydrogel loaded with MSCs (MSC/Alg-rCo III) significantly induces endometrial regeneration and fertility enhancement in vivo. Further studies demonstrate that the MSC/Alg-rCo III hydrogel promoted endometrial function recovery partly by regulating mesenchymal-epithelial transition of ESCs. Taken together, the combination of Alg-rCo III hydrogel and MSCs has shown promising results in promoting endometrium regeneration and fertility restoration, and may provide new therapeutic options for endometrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhi Shuai
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuxiang Liang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Human Disease and Animal Models, Experimental Animal Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinrui Xu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-Orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zulala Halbiyat
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaowan Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingwen Cheng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jialing Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Tingjuan Huang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhiwei Peng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Sheng He
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhizhen Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jun Xie
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Ministry of Education), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
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22
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Wang YQ, Yan JN, Du YN, Xu SQ, Zhang ZJ, Lai B, Wang C, Wu HT. Formation and microstructural characterization of scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) male gonad hydrolysates/sodium alginate coacervations as a function of pH. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126508. [PMID: 37633570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Studying the noncovalent interactions between proteins and polysaccharides is quite important mainly due to the wide number of applications such as developing pH-responsive complexes. Scallop Patinopecten yessoensis male gonad hydrolysates‑sodium alginate (SMGHs-SA) was investigated as noncovalent complexes at pH from 1 to 10. The critical pH values pHC (around 6) and pHφ (around 4) were independent of the SMGHs-SA ratio, indicating the formation of soluble and insoluble complexes. The pH response of SMGHs-SA complexes was evaluated by investigating the rheological behavior, moisture distribution, functional group change and microstructure. Compared to the co-soluble and soluble complexes phases, the SMGHs-SA complexes had a higher storage modulus and viscosity as well as a lower relaxation time (T23) in the insoluble complexes phase (pHφ>3). Additionally, the amide I band and COO- stretching vibration peaks were redshifted and the amide A band vibration peaks were blueshifted by acidification. Electrostatic interactions and intermolecular/intramolecular hydrogen bonding led to SMGHs-SA agglomeration at pH 3, forming a uniform and dense gel network structure with strong gel strength and water-retention capacity. This study provides a theoretical and methodological basis for the design of novel pH-responsive complexes by studying SMGHs-SA complex coacervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qiao Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Jia-Nan Yan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Yi-Nan Du
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Shi-Qi Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Zhu-Jun Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Bin Lai
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Ce Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian 116034, PR China.
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23
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Najafi R, Yazdian F, Pezeshki-Modaress M, Aleemardani M, Chahsetareh H, Hassanzadeh S, Farhadi M, Bagher Z. Fabrication and optimization of multilayered composite scaffold made of sulfated alginate-based nanofiber/decellularized Wharton's jelly ECM for tympanic membrane tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127128. [PMID: 37802440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we fabricated a novel multilayer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/alginate sulfate (ALG-S) nanofiber/decellularized Wharton's Jelly ECM (d-ECM) composite for tympanic membrane perforations (TMPs) tissue engineering (TE). Initially, electrospun PVA/ALG-S scaffolds with different blend ratios were fabricated. The influence of ALG-S ratio on surface morphology, mechanical, physical and biological properties of the nanofibers was studied. Secondly, 3-layer composites were developed as a combination of PVA/ALG-S nanofibers and d-ECM to take synergic advantages of electrospun mats and d-ECM. As part of the evaluation of the effects of d-ECM incorporation, the composite's mechanical properties, in vitro degradation, swelling ratio, and biological activities were assessed. The MTT assay showed that PVA/ALG-S nanofibers with 50:50 ratio provided a more desirable environment to support cell growth. A composite containing 25 mg/cm2 d-ECM was determined as the optimal composite through MTT assay, and this composite was used for animal studies inducing TMP regeneration. According to the in vivo studies, the optimal composite not only stimulated the healing of TMPs but also shortened the healing period. These results suggest that a multilayer nanofiber/hydrogel composite could be a potential platform for regenerating TMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Najafi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Science and Technologies, University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yazdian
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Science and Technologies, University of Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mina Aleemardani
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK
| | - Hadi Chahsetareh
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Science and Technologies, University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Hassanzadeh
- Eye Research Center, Five Senses Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farhadi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Bagher
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Zhang W, Ren H, Wang X, Dai Q, Liu X, Ni D, Zhu Y, Xu W, Mu W. Rational design for thermostability improvement of a novel PL-31 family alginate lyase from Paenibacillus sp. YN15. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126919. [PMID: 37717863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Currently, alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) become attractive due to their excellent physiological effects. AOS has been widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Generally, AOS can be produced from alginate using alginate lyase (ALyase) as the biocatalyst. However, most ALyase display poor thermostability. In this study, a thermostable ALyase from Paenibacillus sp. YN15 (Payn ALyase) was characterized. It belonged to the polysaccharide lyase (PL) 31 family and displayed poly β-D-mannuronate (Poly M) preference. Under the optimum condition (pH 8.0, 55 °C, 50 mM NaCl), it exhibited maximum activity of 90.3 U/mg and efficiently degraded alginate into monosaccharides and AOS with polymerization (DP) of 2-4. Payn ALyase was relatively stable at 55 °C, but the thermostability dropped rapidly at higher temperatures. To further improve its thermostability, rational design mutagenesis was carried out based on a combination of FireProt, Consensus Finder, and PROSS analysis. Finally, a triple-point mutant K71P/Y129G/S213G was constructed. The optimum temperature was increased from 55 to 70 °C, and the Tm was increased from 62.7 to 64.1 °C. The residual activity after 30 min incubation at 65 °C was enhanced from 36.0 % to 83.3 %. This study provided a promising ALyase mutant for AOS industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, Shandong 264333, China
| | - Hu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xinxiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Quanyu Dai
- China Rural Technology Development Center, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Xiaoyong Liu
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, Shandong 264333, China
| | - Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, Shandong 264333, China.
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Cha QQ, Liu SS, Dang YR, Ren XB, Xu F, Li PY, Chen XL, Wang P, Zhang XY, Zhang YZ, Qin QL. Ecological function and interaction of different bacterial groups during alginate processing in coastal seawater community. Environ Int 2023; 182:108325. [PMID: 37995388 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of high molecular weight organic matter (HMWOM) is a core process of oceanic carbon cycle, which is determined by the activity of microbial communities harboring hundreds of different species. Illustrating the active microbes and their interactions during HMWOM processing can provide key information for revealing the relationship between community composition and its ecological functions. In this study, the genomic and transcriptional responses of microbial communities to the availability of alginate, an abundant HMWOM in coastal ecosystem, were elucidated. The main degraders transcribing alginate lyase (Aly) genes came from genera Alteromonas, Psychrosphaera and Colwellia. Meanwhile, some strains, mainly from the Rhodobacteraceae family, did not transcribe Aly gene but could utilize monosaccharides to grow. The co-culture experiment showed that the activity of Aly-producing strain could promote the growth of Aly-non-producing strain when alginate was the sole carbon source. Interestingly, this interaction did not reduce the alginate degradation rate, possibly due to the easily degradable nature of alginate. This study can improve our understanding of the relationship between microbial community activity and alginate metabolism function as well as further manipulation of microbial community structure for alginate processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Cha
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sha-Sha Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan-Ru Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue-Bing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ping-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiu-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System & College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xi-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System & College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi-Long Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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Qiu XM, Lin Q, Zheng BD, Zhao WL, Ye J, Xiao MT. Preparation and potential antitumor activity of alginate oligosaccharides degraded by alginate lyase from Cobetia marina. Carbohydr Res 2023; 534:108962. [PMID: 37769377 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
It is of great significance to develop marine resources and study its potential biological activity by using alginate lyase produced by marine psychrophilic bacteria. In the previous study, a new marine psychrophilic bacterium (Cobetia marina HQZ08) was screened from the growth area of Laminaria japonica, and it was found that the strain could efficiently produce alginate-degrading enzyme (Aly30). In this paper, the ability of Aly30 to degrade alginate was optimized and the optimal degradation conditions were obtained. It was found that the main degradation product of alginate oligosaccharides was trisaccharide. In vitro cell experiments showed that the antitumor activity of low molecular weight alginate oligosaccharides was better than that of high molecular weight alginate oligosaccharides. In summary, Aly30 had the potential to produce alginate oligosaccharides with low degree of polymerization and antitumor activity, which provided a reference for the enzymatic preparation and application of alginate oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Qiu
- Food Engineering School, Zhangzhou Institute of Technology, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Qi Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Bing-De Zheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Wan-Lin Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jing Ye
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Mei-Tian Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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Silva A, Pereira Filho JM, Oliveira J, Lucena K, Mazza P, Silva Filho E, Nascimento A, Pereira E, Vaz A, Barbosa A, Oliveira R, Bezerra L. Effect of slow-release urea on intake, ingestive behavior, digestibility, nitrogen metabolism, microbial protein production, blood and ruminal parameters of sheep. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:414. [PMID: 37996715 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
We conducted two experiments. The first aimed to obtain and characterize microparticles of slow-release urea (SRU) using calcium alginate as the encapsulating agent. The second experiment evaluated their inclusion in sheep diets. In the first experiment, four treatments from a completely randomized design were employed to develop an SRU through the ionic gelification technique testing two drying methods (oven and lyophilizer) and addition or no of sulfur (S): SRU oven-dried with sulfur (MUSO) and without sulfur (MUO), SRU freeze-dried/lyophilized with (MUSL), and without sulfur (MUL). MUO exhibited better yield and encapsulation efficiency among these formulations than the others. Therefore, the second experiment was conducted to compare free urea (U) as control and three proportions (1%, 1.5%, and 2% of total dry matter) of MUO in the diet of sheep. Twenty-four non-castrated male Santa Ines lambs, with an average body weight of 22 ± 3.0 kg, were used and distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The inclusion of 1% alginate-encapsulated urea (MUO1%) resulted in higher dry matter (DM) intake than free urea (p ≤ 0.05). MUO2% inclusion promoted higher NDF digestibility than U and MUO1%. MUO1% showed higher DM than MUO2% and higher NFC digestibility than U and MUO2% (p ≤ 0.05). Sheep fed MUO1.5% and MUO2% exhibited similar nutrient intake and digestibility. Sheep receiving MUO1% had higher N-intake, N-urinary, N-excretion total, N-digested, and N-retained compared to U. Sheep fed MUO1% showed greater N-retained (as % ingested and digested), microbial protein production, and efficiency when compared to other treatments (p ≤ 0.05). MUO2% addition (SRU) promoted the lowest microbial protein production and efficiency in sheep. MUO dietary inclusion increased feeding time and reduced idleness time compared to U, regardless of the MUO level (p ≤ 0.05). Adding MUO1% improved the intake efficiency of DM and NDF and resulted in more feed boli than the other MUO levels (p ≤ 0.05). Sheep receiving U had (4 h after fending) higher NH3-N, pH, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and lower TGL serum compared to sheep fed MUO (p ≤ 0.05), without significant difference among MUO levels (p > 0.05), except NH3-N was higher in MUO1.5% and MUO2% compared to MUO1.0%. The external ionic gelation technique proved suitable for urea microencapsulation in calcium alginate (3%), demonstrating high quality, efficiency, and yield. MUO represents a promising slow-release urea for ruminants and is recommended for sheep diets at an inclusion level of 1.0%. This inclusion level improves intake efficiency and nutrient digestibility, increases rumen nitrogen retention, and reduces BUN without compromising sheep health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, 58708110, Brazil
| | - José Morais Pereira Filho
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, 58708110, Brazil
| | - Juliana Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Sergipe, Nossa Senhora da Gloria, Sergipe, 49680000, Brazil
| | - Kevily Lucena
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, 58708110, Brazil
| | - Pedro Mazza
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Adhemar de Barros Avenue, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170110, Brazil
| | - Edson Silva Filho
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piaui, Ininga, S/N, Teresina, Piauí, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Ariane Nascimento
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piaui, Ininga, S/N, Teresina, Piauí, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Elzânia Pereira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceara, Mister Hull Avenue, Fortaleza, Ceara, 60356000, Brazil
| | - Antônio Vaz
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, 58708110, Brazil
| | - Analivia Barbosa
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Adhemar de Barros Avenue, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170110, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Adhemar de Barros Avenue, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170110, Brazil
| | - Leilson Bezerra
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, 58708110, Brazil.
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Chowdhury-Paul S, Martínez-Ortíz IC, Pando-Robles V, Moreno S, Espín G, Merino E, Núñez C. The Azotobacter vinelandii AlgU regulon during vegetative growth and encysting conditions: A proteomic approach. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286440. [PMID: 37967103 PMCID: PMC10651043 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the Pseduomonadacea family, the extracytoplasmic function sigma factor AlgU is crucial to withstand adverse conditions. Azotobacter vinelandii, a closed relative of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has been a model for cellular differentiation in Gram-negative bacteria since it forms desiccation-resistant cysts. Previous work demonstrated the essential role of AlgU to withstand oxidative stress and on A. vinelandii differentiation, particularly for the positive control of alginate production. In this study, the AlgU regulon was dissected by a proteomic approach under vegetative growing conditions and upon encystment induction. Our results revealed several molecular targets that explained the requirement of this sigma factor during oxidative stress and extended its role in alginate production. Furthermore, we demonstrate that AlgU was necessary to produce alkyl resorcinols, a type of aromatic lipids that conform the cell membrane of the differentiated cell. AlgU was also found to positively regulate stress resistance proteins such as OsmC, LEA-1, or proteins involved in trehalose synthesis. A position-specific scoring-matrix (PSSM) was generated based on the consensus sequence recognized by AlgU in P. aeruginosa, which allowed the identification of direct AlgU targets in the A. vinelandii genome. This work further expands our knowledge about the function of the ECF sigma factor AlgU in A. vinelandii and contributes to explains its key regulatory role under adverse conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangita Chowdhury-Paul
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Iliana C. Martínez-Ortíz
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Victoria Pando-Robles
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Soledad Moreno
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Guadalupe Espín
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Enrique Merino
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Cinthia Núñez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Rønne ME, Tandrup T, Madsen M, Hunt CJ, Myers PN, Moll JM, Holck J, Brix S, Strube ML, Aachmann FL, Wilkens C, Svensson B. Three alginate lyases provide a new gut Bacteroides ovatus isolate with the ability to grow on alginate. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0118523. [PMID: 37791757 PMCID: PMC10617595 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01185-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans consume alginate in the form of seaweed, food hydrocolloids, and encapsulations, making the digestion of this mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G) polymer of key interest for human health. To increase knowledge on alginate degradation in the gut, a gene catalog from human feces was mined for potential alginate lyases (ALs). The predicted ALs were present in nine species of the Bacteroidetes phylum, of which two required supplementation of an endo-acting AL, expected to mimic cross-feeding in the gut. However, only a new isolate grew on alginate. Whole-genome sequencing of this alginate-utilizing isolate suggested that it is a new Bacteroides ovatus strain harboring a polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) containing three ALs of families: PL6, PL17, and PL38. The BoPL6 degraded polyG to oligosaccharides of DP 1-3, and BoPL17 released 4,5-unsaturated monouronate from polyM. BoPL38 degraded both alginates, polyM, polyG, and polyMG, in endo-mode; hence, it was assumed to deliver oligosaccharide substrates for BoPL6 and BoPL17, corresponding well with synergistic action on alginate. BoPL17 and BoPL38 crystal structures, determined at 1.61 and 2.11 Å, respectively, showed (α/α)6-barrel + anti-parallel β-sheet and (α/α)7-barrel folds, distinctive for these PL families. BoPL17 had a more open active site than the two homologous structures. BoPL38 was very similar to the structure of an uncharacterized PL38, albeit with a different triad of residues possibly interacting with substrate in the presumed active site tunnel. Altogether, the study provides unique functional and structural insights into alginate-degrading lyases of a PUL in a human gut bacterium.IMPORTANCEHuman ingestion of sustainable biopolymers calls for insight into their utilization in our gut. Seaweed is one such resource with alginate, a major cell wall component, used as a food hydrocolloid and for encapsulation of pharmaceuticals and probiotics. Knowledge is sparse on the molecular basis for alginate utilization in the gut. We identified a new Bacteroides ovatus strain from human feces that grew on alginate and encoded three alginate lyases in a gene cluster. BoPL6 and BoPL17 show complementary specificity toward guluronate (G) and mannuronate (M) residues, releasing unsaturated oligosaccharides and monouronic acids. BoPL38 produces oligosaccharides degraded by BoPL6 and BoPL17 from both alginates, G-, M-, and MG-substrates. Enzymatic and structural characterization discloses the mode of action and synergistic degradation of alginate by these alginate lyases. Other bacteria were cross-feeding on alginate oligosaccharides produced by an endo-acting alginate lyase. Hence, there is an interdependent community in our guts that can utilize alginate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette E. Rønne
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tobias Tandrup
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Madsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Cameron J. Hunt
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Enzyme Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Pernille N. Myers
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Disease Systems Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Janne M. Moll
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Disease Systems Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jesper Holck
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Enzyme Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Susanne Brix
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Disease Systems Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mikael L. Strube
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Bacterial Ecophysiology and Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Finn L. Aachmann
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian Biopolymer Laboratory (NOBIPOL), NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Casper Wilkens
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Enzyme Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Structural Enzymology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Birte Svensson
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Shu Z, Wang G, Liu F, Xu Y, Sun J, Hu Y, Dong H, Zhang J. Genome Sequencing-Based Mining and Characterization of a Novel Alginate Lyase from Vibrio alginolyticus S10 for Specific Production of Disaccharides. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:564. [PMID: 37999388 PMCID: PMC10672080 DOI: 10.3390/md21110564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides prepared by alginate lyases attracted great attention because of their desirable biological activities. However, the hydrolysis products are always a mixture of oligosaccharides with different degrees of polymerization, which increases the production cost because of the following purification procedures. In this study, an alginate lyase, Alg4755, with high product specificity was identified, heterologously expressed, and characterized from Vibrio alginolyticus S10, which was isolated from the intestine of sea cucumber. Alg4755 belonged to the PL7 family with two catalytic domains, which was composed of 583 amino acids. Enzymatic characterization results show that the optimal reaction temperature and pH of Alg4755 were 35 °C and 8.0, respectively. Furthermore, Alg4755 was identified to have high thermal and pH stability. Moreover, the final hydrolysis products of sodium alginate catalyzed by Alg4755 were mainly alginate disaccharides with a small amount of alginate trisaccharides. The results demonstrate that alginate lyase Alg4755 could have a broad application prospect because of its high product specificity and desirable catalytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Shu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China;
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China; (G.W.)
| | - Gongming Wang
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China; (G.W.)
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China; (G.W.)
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Yingjiang Xu
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China; (G.W.)
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Jianan Sun
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; (J.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; (J.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; (J.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China; (G.W.)
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Yantai 264006, China
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Ferguson DL, Gloag ES, Parsek MR, Wozniak DJ. Extracellular DNA enhances biofilm integrity and mechanical properties of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Bacteriol 2023; 205:e0023823. [PMID: 37791754 PMCID: PMC10601617 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00238-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common biofilm-forming pathogens responsible for lung infections of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). P. aeruginosa becomes tolerant to antimicrobials in the biofilm state and is difficult to treat. Production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), such as alginate and extracellular DNA (eDNA), can allow adherence to abiotic and biotic surfaces, antimicrobial evasion, and resilience to environmental pressures. Alginate-producing mucoid variants of P. aeruginosa are frequently isolated from CF airway samples and are associated with worsening patient outcomes. While eDNA is a major structural component of nonmucoid P. aeruginosa biofilms, the potential role of eDNA in mucoid biofilms is unclear. Here, we investigate how eDNA contributes to clinical mucoid biofilm physiology and integrity. We predicted that eDNA plays a structural and mechanical role in mucoid biofilms. To test this, we quantified biofilm eDNA in mucoid biofilms and used microscopy and rheology to visualize eDNA and detect changes in biofilm structure and mechanics upon DNaseI treatment. We showed that biofilm eDNA abundance is diverse across clinical mucoid strains and observed a temporal increase in foci of eDNA within intact mucoid biofilms. Increased cell dispersal and reduced biomass were also observed following DNaseI treatment of mucoid biofilms. Degradation of eDNA also impacted the mechanical integrity of mucoid biofilms by increasing the stiffness and decreasing the cohesion of the biofilm. These findings advance our understanding of clinical mucoid P. aeruginosa biofilms and facilitate the development of new approaches to target biofilms by exploiting the functions of EPS components. IMPORTANCE Understanding the role of eDNA in mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms will lead to therapeutic strategies that combat the biophysical and structural function of EPS for the eradication of bacteria in mucoid biofilms during chronic infections. This knowledge can be used to further identify unknown matrix component interactions within pathogenic biofilm-forming clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L. Ferguson
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Erin S. Gloag
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Matthew R. Parsek
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Daniel J. Wozniak
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Tang X, Wang Z, Khutsishvili D, Cheng Y, Wang J, Tang J, Ma S. Volumetric compression by heterogeneous scaffold embedding promotes cerebral organoid maturation and does not impede growth. Cell Syst 2023; 14:872-882.e3. [PMID: 37820730 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Although biochemical regulation has been extensively studied in organoid modeling protocols, the role of mechanoregulation in directing stem cell fate and organoid development has been relatively unexplored. To accurately replicate the dynamic organoid development observed in nature, in this study, we present a method of heterogeneous embedding using an alginate-shell-Matrigel-core system. This approach allows for cell-Matrigel remodeling by the inner layer and provides short-term moderate-normal compression through the soft alginate outer layer. Our results show that the time-limited confinement contributes to increased expression of neuronal markers such as neurofilament (NF) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2). Compared with non-alginate embedding and alginate compression groups, volume growth remains unimpeded. Our findings demonstrate the temporary mechanical regulation of cerebral organoid growth, which exhibits a regular growth profile with enhanced maturation. These results highlight the importance and potential practical applications of mechanoregulation in the establishment of brain organoids. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Tang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zitian Wang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Davit Khutsishvili
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yifan Cheng
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiyuan Tang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shaohua Ma
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Wei M, Zhu J, Gao H, Yao H, Zhai C, Nie Y. An efficient method for improving the stability of Monascus pigments using ionic gelation. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:6190-6197. [PMID: 37139630 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monascus pigments (Mps) are easily impacted by heating, pH and light, resulting in degradation. In this study, Mps were encapsulated by the ionic gelation method with sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC), as well as CaCl2 as a crosslinker. The encapsulated Mps SA/SC in four proportions (SA/SC: 1/4, 2/3, 3/2, 4/1, w/w). Then, the encapsulation efficiency and particle size of the SA/SC-Mps system were evaluated to obtain the optimal embedding conditions. Finally, the effects of heating, pH, light and storage on the stability of non-capsulated Mps and encapsulated Mps were assessed. RESULTS SA/SC = 2/3 (AC2) had higher encapsulation efficiency (74.30%) of Mps and relatively small particle size (2.02 mm). The AC2 gel beads were chosen for further investigating the stability of encapsulated Mps to heating, pH, light and storage. Heat stability experiments showed that the degradation of Mps followed first-order kinetics, and the encapsulated Mps had lower degradation rates than non-capsulated Mps. Encapsulation could reduce the effect of pH on Mps. The effects of ultraviolet light on the stability of Mps were considered, and showed that the retention efficiency of encapsulated Mps was 22.01% higher than that of non-capsulated Mps on the seventh day. Finally, storage stability was also evaluated under dark refrigerated conditions for 30 days, and the results indicated that encapsulation could reduce the degradation of Mps. CONCLUSION This study has proved that AC2 gel beads can improve the stability of Mps. Thus, the ionic gelation method is a promising encapsulation method to improve the stability of Mps. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Wei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongshuai Gao
- Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huanhuan Yao
- Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cuiping Zhai
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yi Nie
- Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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De S, Singh N. Collagen-alginate 3D microscaffolds for studying cellular migration. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 245:125308. [PMID: 37315661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is one of the major causes for cancer mortality. Its early steps comprise of invasion of basement membrane and migration. Thus, it is hypothesized that a platform, that allows quantification and grading of migration capability of cells can potentially be used for predicting metastatic potential. Two-dimensional (2D) models have been rendered inadequate for modelling in-vivo microenvironment due to various reasons. To attenuate homogeneity observed in 2D, three-dimensional (3D) platforms supplemented with bioinspired components have been designed. Unfortunately, till date there are no simple models to capture the migration of cells in 3D along with quantification of the process. In this study, we report an alginate-collagen based 3D model system, which can predict the migratory property of the cells within 72 h. The micron size of the scaffold enabled faster readout and the optimum pore-size provided conducive cellular growth environment. The platform's ability to allow observation of cellular migration was validated by encapsulating cells with transiently upregulated matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP9), which has been reported to play a significant role in migration of cells during metastasis. The readout for migration was clustering of cells in the microscaffolds detected in a short span of 48 h. The observed clustering in MMP9 upregulated cells was validated by observing changes in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. Thus, this simple 3D platform can be used to study migration and predict the metastatic potential of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreemoyee De
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Neetu Singh
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India; Biomedical Engineering Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
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Wang J, Liu S, Huang J, Ren K, Zhu Y, Yang S. Alginate: Microbial production, functionalization, and biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:125048. [PMID: 37236570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Alginates are natural polysaccharides widely participating in food, pharmaceutical, and environmental applications due to their excellent gelling capacity. Their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability further extend their application to biomedical fields. The low consistency in molecular weight and composition of algae-based alginates may limit their performance in advanced biomedical applications. It makes microbial alginate production more attractive due to its potential for customizing alginate molecules with stable characteristics. Production costs remain the primary factor limiting the commercialization of microbial alginates. However, carbon-rich wastes from sugar, dairy, and biodiesel industries may serve as potential substitutes for pure sugars for microbial alginate production to reduce substrate costs. Fermentation parameter control and genetic engineering strategies may further improve the production efficiency and customize the molecular composition of microbial alginates. To meet the specific needs of biomedical applications, alginates may need functionalization, such as functional group modifications and crosslinking treatments, to achieve enhanced mechanical properties and biochemical activities. The development of alginate-based composites incorporated with other polysaccharides, gelatin, and bioactive factors can integrate the advantages of each component to meet multiple requirements in wound healing, drug delivery, and tissue engineering applications. This review provided a comprehensive insight into the sustainable production of high-value microbial alginates. It also discussed recent advances in alginate modification strategies and alginate-based composites for representative biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Shijie Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States.
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; The Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS) at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - Kexin Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Siying Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
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Li L, Cao S, Zhu B, Yao Z, Zhu B, Qin Y, Jiang J. Efficient Degradation of Alginate and Preparation of Alginate Oligosaccharides by a Novel Biofunctional Alginate Lyase with High Activity and Excellent Thermophilic Features. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030180. [PMID: 36976229 PMCID: PMC10056287 DOI: 10.3390/md21030180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzymatic degradation of seaweed polysaccharides is gaining interest for its potential in the production of functional oligosaccharides and fermentable sugars. Herein, a novel alginate lyase, AlyRm3, was cloned from a marine strain, Rhodothermus marinus DSM 4252. The AlyRm3 showed optimal activity (37,315.08 U/mg) at 70 °C and pH 8.0, with the sodium alginate used as a substrate. Noticeably, AlyRm3 was stable at 65 °C and also exhibited 30% of maximal activity at 90 °C. These results indicated that AlyRm3 is a thermophilic alginate lyase that efficiently degrades alginate at high industrial temperatures (>60 °C). The FPLC and ESI−MS analyses suggested that AlyRm3 primarily released disaccharides and trisaccharides from the alginate, polyM, and polyG in an endolytic manner. In the saccharification process of sodium alginate (0.5%, w/v), the AlyRm3 yielded numerous reducing sugars (1.73 g/L) after 2 h of reaction. These results indicated that AlyRm3 has a high enzymatic capacity for saccharifying the alginate, and could be used to saccharify the alginate biomass before the main fermentation process for biofuels. These properties make AlyRm3 a valuable candidate for both fundamental research and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shengsheng Cao
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhong Yao
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Seaweed Fertilizers, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Yimin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Seaweed Fertilizers, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Jinju Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Seaweed Fertilizers, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266400, China
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Powell LC, Adams JYM, Quoraishi S, Py C, Oger A, Gazze SA, Francis LW, von Ruhland C, Owens D, Rye PD, Hill KE, Pritchard MF, Thomas DW. Alginate oligosaccharides enhance the antifungal activity of nystatin against candidal biofilms. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1122340. [PMID: 36798083 PMCID: PMC9927220 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1122340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing prevalence of invasive fungal infections in immuno-compromised patients is a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality. With the rapid emergence of antifungal resistance and an inadequate pipeline of new therapies, novel treatment strategies are now urgently required. Methods The antifungal activity of the alginate oligosaccharide OligoG in conjunction with nystatin was tested against a range of Candida spp. (C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. auris, C. tropicalis and C. dubliniensis), in both planktonic and biofilm assays, to determine its potential clinical utility to enhance the treatment of candidal infections. The effect of OligoG (0-6%) ± nystatin on Candida spp. was examined in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and growth curve assays. Antifungal effects of OligoG and nystatin treatment on biofilm formation and disruption were characterized using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ATP cellular viability assays. Effects on the cell membrane were determined using permeability assays and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results MIC and growth curve assays demonstrated the synergistic effects of OligoG (0-6%) with nystatin, resulting in an up to 32-fold reduction in MIC, and a significant reduction in the growth of C. parapsilosis and C. auris (minimum significant difference = 0.2 and 0.12 respectively). CLSM and SEM imaging demonstrated that the combination treatment of OligoG (4%) with nystatin (1 µg/ml) resulted in significant inhibition of candidal biofilm formation on glass and clinical grade silicone surfaces (p < 0.001), with increased cell death (p < 0.0001). The ATP biofilm disruption assay demonstrated a significant reduction in cell viability with OligoG (4%) alone and the combined OligoG/nystatin (MIC value) treatment (p < 0.04) for all Candida strains tested. TEM studies revealed the combined OligoG/nystatin treatment induced structural reorganization of the Candida cell membrane, with increased permeability when compared to the untreated control (p < 0.001). Conclusions Antimicrobial synergy between OligoG and nystatin against Candida spp. highlights the potential utility of this combination therapy in the prevention and topical treatment of candidal biofilm infections, to overcome the inherent tolerance of biofilm structures to antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia C. Powell
- Advanced Therapies Group, Cardiff University School of Dentistry, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Microbiology and Infectious Disease group, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Lydia C. Powell,
| | - Jennifer Y. M. Adams
- Advanced Therapies Group, Cardiff University School of Dentistry, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sadik Quoraishi
- Otolaryngology Department, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Charlène Py
- Advanced Therapies Group, Cardiff University School of Dentistry, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- School of Engineering, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Anaϊs Oger
- Advanced Therapies Group, Cardiff University School of Dentistry, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- School of Engineering, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Salvatore A. Gazze
- Centre for Nanohealth, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Lewis W. Francis
- Centre for Nanohealth, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher von Ruhland
- Central Biotechnology Services, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - David Owens
- Head and Neck Directorate, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Katja E. Hill
- Advanced Therapies Group, Cardiff University School of Dentistry, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Manon F. Pritchard
- Advanced Therapies Group, Cardiff University School of Dentistry, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - David W. Thomas
- Advanced Therapies Group, Cardiff University School of Dentistry, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Zhang C, Li M, Rauf A, Khalil AA, Shan Z, Chen C, Rengasamy KRR, Wan C. Process and applications of alginate oligosaccharides with emphasis on health beneficial perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:303-329. [PMID: 34254536 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1946008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alginates are linear polymers comprising 40% of the dry weight of algae possess various applications in food and biomedical industries. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS), a degradation product of alginate, is now gaining much attention for their beneficial role in food, pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. Hence this review was aimed to compile the information on alginate and AOS (prepared from seaweeds) during 1994-2020. As per our knowledge, this is the first review on the potential use of alginate oligosaccharides in different fields. The alginate derivatives are grouped according to their applications. They are involved in the isolation process and show antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihypertension, anticancer, and immunostimulatory properties. AOS also have significant applications in prebiotics, nutritional supplements, plant growth development and others products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Pu'er University, Pu'er, Yunnan, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Research Center of Tea and Tea Culture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zhiguo Shan
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Pu'er University, Pu'er, Yunnan, China
| | - Chuying Chen
- Research Center of Tea and Tea Culture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Green Biotechnologies Research Centre of Excellence, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Chunpeng Wan
- Research Center of Tea and Tea Culture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Pi Y, Zhang X, Wu Y, Wang Z, Bai Y, Liu X, Han D, Zhao J, Tobin I, Zhao J, Zhang G, Wang J. Alginate Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis by Promoting Bifidobacterium animalis and Intestinal Hyodeoxycholic Acid Synthesis in Mice. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0297922. [PMID: 36219101 PMCID: PMC9769733 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02979-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate (ALG) is known to alleviate intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease, but its mechanism of action remains elusive. In the present study, we studied the involvement of the intestinal microbiota and bile acid (BA) metabolism in ALG-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in mice. A combination of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, shotgun metagenomic sequencing, and targeted BA metabolomic profiling was employed to investigate structural and functional differences in the colonic microbiota and BA metabolism in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated mice with or without dietary supplementation of ALG. We further explored the role of the intestinal microbiota as well as a selected ALG-enriched bacterium and BA in DSS-induced colitis. Dietary ALG alleviated DSS-mediated intestinal inflammation and enriched a small set of bacteria including Bifidobacterium animalis in the colon (P < 0.05). Additionally, ALG restored several bacteria carrying secondary BA-synthesizing enzymes such as 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and BA hydrolase to healthy levels in DSS-treated mice. Although a majority of BAs were suppressed by DSS, a few secondary BAs such as hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) were markedly enriched by ALG. Furthermore, ALG significantly upregulated the expression of a major BA receptor, the farnesoid X receptor, while suppressing NF-κB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. Depletion of the intestinal microbiota completely abrogated the protective effect of ALG in DSS-treated mice. Similar to ALG, B. animalis and HDCA exerted a strong anti-inflammatory effect in DSS-induced colitis by downregulating inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β [IL-1β], IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]). Taken together, these results indicated that ALG achieves its alleviating effect on intestinal inflammation through regulation of the microbiota by enriching B. animalis to promote the biosynthesis of specific secondary BAs such as HDCA. These findings have revealed intricate interactions among the intestinal microbiota, BA metabolism, and intestinal health and further provided a novel strategy to improve intestinal health through targeted manipulation of the intestinal microbiota and BA metabolism. IMPORTANCE ALG has been shown to ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but little is known about the mechanism of its anti-inflammatory action. This study was the first to demonstrate that ALG provided a preventive effect against colitis in an intestinal microbiota-dependent manner. Furthermore, we confirmed that by selectively enriching intestinal B. animalis and secondary BA (HDCA), ALG contributed to the attenuation of DSS-induced colitis. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of action of ALG on the attenuation of colitis and provide new approaches to IBD therapy by regulating gut microbial BA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Isabel Tobin
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Lichtenberg M, Kvich L, Larsen SLB, Jakobsen TH, Bjarnsholt T. Inoculum Concentration Influences Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phenotype and Biofilm Architecture. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0313122. [PMID: 36354337 PMCID: PMC9769529 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03131-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In infections, bacterial cells are often found as relatively small multicellular aggregates characterized by a heterogeneous distribution of phenotype, genotype, and growth rates depending on their surrounding microenvironment. Many laboratory models fail to mimic these characteristics, and experiments are often initiated from planktonic bacteria given optimal conditions for rapid growth without concerns about the microenvironmental characteristics during biofilm maturation. Therefore, we investigated how the initial bacterial concentration (henceforth termed the inoculum) influences the microenvironment during initial growth and how this affects the sizes and distribution of developed aggregates in an embedded biofilm model-the alginate bead biofilm model. Following 24 h of incubation, the viable biomass was independent of starting inoculum but with a radically different microenvironment which led to differences in metabolic activity depending on the inoculum. The inoculum also affected the number of cells surviving treatment with the antibiotic tobramycin, where the highest inoculum showed higher survival rates than the lowest inoculum. The change in antibiotic tolerance was correlated with cell-specific RNA content and O2 consumption rates, suggesting a direct role of metabolic activity. Thus, the starting number of bacteria results in different phenotypic trajectories governed by different microenvironmental characteristics, and we demonstrate some of the possible implications of such physiological gradients on the outcome of in vitro experiments. IMPORTANCE Biofilm aggregates grown in the alginate bead biofilm model bear resemblance to features of in vivo biofilms. Here, we show that changing the initial concentration of bacteria in the biofilm model leads to widely different behavior of the bacteria following an incubation period. This difference is influenced by the local conditions experienced by the bacteria during growth, which impact their response to antibiotic treatment. Our study provides a framework for manipulating aggregate sizes in in vitro biofilm models. It underlines the importance of how experiments are initiated, which can profoundly impact the outcomes and interpretation of microbiological experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Lichtenberg
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kvich
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sara Louise Borregaard Larsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim Holm Jakobsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bjarnsholt
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zhang H, Wen H, Yin H, Qin W, Liu X, Wang Y, Liu Y. A novel approach for harvesting the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris with sodium alginate microspheres using buoy-bead flotation method. Sci Total Environ 2022; 851:158418. [PMID: 36055496 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to reduce the residue of buoy-beads and solve the problem of pollution caused by high flocculant consumption, SAMs1(sodium alginate microspheres) with sodium alginate were used as the raw material to harvest microalgae for the first time. In addition, during the manufacturing of SAMs, the re-frying oil was used as the dispersion system, which not only reduced the cost, but also provided new ideas for the treatment of re-frying oil. Response surface methodology was used to explore the influence of different factors and the interaction of variables, and the harvesting process was optimized using the multi-objective optimization. Based upon the calculation of XDLVO (extended Derjaguin-Laudau-Verwey-Overbeek) theory and the characterization of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, the harvesting mechanism of buoy-bead flotation method was clarified. The results showed that the combination of SAMs and a small amount of aluminum sulfate could replace air flotation and traditional buoy-bead flotation with solid particles as buoy-beads to harvest C. vulgaris (Chlorella vulgaris). For the multi-objective optimization with harvesting efficiency as the priority, the predicted pH, the concentrations of aluminum sulfate and buoy-beads and the dilution factor had values of 8.25, 56.09 mg/L, 17.46 mL/L, and 2.15, respectively. In the validation experiment, the harvesting efficiency and the enrichment ratio of C. vulgaris could reach the values of 97.51 % and 1.97 %, respectively. For the validation experiment of reverse optimization with focusing on enrichment ratio, the harvesting efficiency and the enrichment ratio of C. vulgaris had the values of 93.78 % and 2.65 %, respectively. The essence of improving the harvesting mechanism was the combination of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups between C. vulgaris and SAMs and the adsorption of positive ions by specific proteins on the surface of C. vulgaris to reduce electrostatic repulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Hao Wen
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.
| | - Hongwei Yin
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Xu Liu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.
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Li H, Huang X, Yao S, Zhang C, Hong X, Wu T, Jiang Z, Ni H, Zhu Y. Characterization of a bifunctional and endolytic alginate lyase from Microbulbifer sp. ALW1 and its application in alginate oligosaccharides production from Laminaria japonica. Protein Expr Purif 2022; 200:106171. [PMID: 36103937 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The diverse biological activities of alginate oligosaccharides attracted extensive exploration of alginate lyases with various substrate specificity and enzymatic properties. In this study, an alginate lyase from Microbulbifer sp. ALW1, namely AlgL7, was phylogenetically classified into the polysaccharide lyase family 7 (PL7). The conserved amino acid residues Tyr606 and His499 in AlgL7 were predicted to act as the general acid/base catalysts. The enzyme was enzymatically characterized after heterologous expression and purification in E. coli. AlgL7 displayed optimal activity at 40 °C and pH 7.0. It had good stability at temperature below 35 °C and within a pH range of 5.0-10.0. AlgL7 exhibited good stability against the reducing reagent β-ME and the surfactants of Tween-20 and Triton X-100. The degradation profiles of alginate indicated AlgL7 was a bifunctional endolytic alginate lyase generating alginate oligosaccharides with the degrees of polymerization 2-4. The degradation products of sodium alginate exhibited stronger antioxidant activities than the untreated polysaccharide. In addition, AlgL7 could directly digest Laminaria japonica to produce alginate oligosaccharides. These characteristics of AlgL7 offer a great potential of its application in high-value utilization of brown algae resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361008, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Shuxiang Yao
- Xiamen Institute of Software Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Chenghao Zhang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xuan Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361008, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361008, China
| | - Zedong Jiang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yanbing Zhu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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Zhang MJ, Yun ST, Wang XC, Peng LY, Dou C, Zhou YX. Insights into the Influence of Signal Peptide on the Enzymatic Properties of Alginate Lyase AlyI1 with Removal Effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20120753. [PMID: 36547900 PMCID: PMC9787728 DOI: 10.3390/md20120753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Most reports on signal peptides focus on their ability to affect the normal folding of proteins, thereby affecting their secreted expression, while few studies on its effects on enzymatic properties were published. Therefore, biochemical characterization and comparison of alginate lyase rALYI1/rALYI1-1 (rALYI1: without signal peptides; rALYI1-1:with signal peptides) were conducted in our study, and the results showed that the signal peptide affected the biochemical properties, especially in temperature and pH. rALYI1 (32.15 kDa) belonging to polysaccharide lyase family 7 was cloned from sea-cucumber-gut bacterium Tamlana sp. I1. The optimum temperature of both rALYI1 and rALYI1-1 was 40 °C, but the former had a wider optimum temperature range and better thermal stability. The optimum pH of rALYI1 and rALYI1-1 were 7.6 and 8.6, respectively. The former was more stable and acid resistant. Noticeably, rALYI1 was a salt-activated enzyme and displayed remarkable salt tolerance. Alginate, an essential polysaccharide in algae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms, is composed of α-L-guluronate and β-D-mannuronate. It is also found in our study that rALYI1 is also effective in removing mature biofilms compared with controls. In conclusion, the signal peptide affects several biochemical properties of the enzyme, and alginate lyase rALYI1 may be an effective method for inhibiting biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuai-Ting Yun
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xiao-Chen Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Li-Yang Peng
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Chuan Dou
- Shangdong Kelun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Bingzhou 256600, China
| | - Yan-Xia Zhou
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
- Correspondence:
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Li B, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Li X, Xia K, Tian M, He X. Activity enhancement and the anammox mechanism under low temperature via PVA-SA and nano Fe 2O 3-PVA-SA entrapped beads. Sci Total Environ 2022; 845:157306. [PMID: 35839881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) have a long growth time and low activity at low temperatures. In suspended systems, sludge is easily lost, which limits the mainstream application of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox).Entrapment provides effective ideas for solving these problems. In this study, polyvinyl‑sodium alginate (PVA-SA) and nano Fe2O3-PVA-SA entrapment beads were prepared to discuss the effectiveness of entrapment enhanced anammox sludge at low temperatures. The differences in the entrapped beads and granules were compared to analyze the strengthening mechanism. The results show that the nitrogen removal performance of granules, PVA-SA and nano Fe2O3-PVA-SA entrapped beads, first decreased and then increased during the cooling and low-temperature operation. Nano Fe2O3-PVA-SA entrapped beads showed the smallest decline and the highest degree of recovery. Reaction metering ratio (△NO2--N/△NH4+-N and △NO3--N/△NH4+-N) showed that entrapment could realize Nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) inhibition and improve the activity of denitrifying bacteria (DNB) to promote the removal of total nitrogen by providing a strict anaerobic environment. The results demonstrate that entrapment is beneficial for maintaining the content of heme c, specifically, nano Fe2O3 can stimulate its production, and is beneficial for alleviating the reduction of hydrazine dehydrogenase (HDH) enzyme activity. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content and analysis showed that entrapment does not change the composition of EPS, and can maintain the EPS content. Nano Fe2O3 can stimulate AAOB to secrete more EPS to maintain sludge stability. From a molecular perspective, entrapment can maintain the expression of functional genes, promote the enrichment of AAOB, thus improving the nitrogen removal performance from the dual perspectives of "quality" and "quantity".
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Li
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Yuqing Jiang
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Kai Xia
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Mengyuan Tian
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaoman He
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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Hills OJ, Yong CW, Scott AJ, Smith J, Chappell HF. Polyguluronate simulations shed light onto the therapeutic action of OligoG CF-5/20. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 72:116945. [PMID: 36037625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic mucoid P. aeruginosa cystic fibrosis (CF) lung infections are associated with the development of a biofilm composed of anionic acetylated exopolysaccharide (EPS) alginate, electrostatically stabilised by extracellular Ca2+ ions. OligoG CF-5/20, a low molecular weight guluronate rich oligomer, is emerging as a novel therapeutic capable of disrupting mature P. aeruginosa biofilms. However, its method of therapeutic action on the mucoid biofilm EPS is not definitively known at a molecular level. This work, utilising molecular dynamics (MD) and Density-Functional Theory (DFT), has revealed that OligoG CF-5/20 interaction with the EPS is facilitated solely through bridging Ca2+ ions, which are not liberated from their native EPS binding sites upon OligoG CF-5/20 dispersal, suggesting that OligoG CF-5/20 does not cause disruptions to mature P. aeruginosa biofilms through breaking EPS-Ca2+-EPS ionic cross-links. Rather it is likely that the therapeutic activity arises from sequestering free Ca2+ ions and preventing further Ca2+ induced EPS aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Hills
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Chin W Yong
- Scientific Computing Department, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Daresbury Laboratory, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Warrington, WA4 4AD, UK; Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Andrew J Scott
- School of Chemical & Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - James Smith
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Helen F Chappell
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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Petersen AB, Christensen IA, Rønne ME, Stender EGP, Teze D, Svensson B, Aachmann FL. 1H, 13C, 15N resonance assignment of the enzyme KdgF from Bacteroides eggerthii. Biomol NMR Assign 2022; 16:343-347. [PMID: 36042150 PMCID: PMC9510102 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-022-10102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To fully utilize carbohydrates from seaweed biomass, the degradation of the family of polysaccharides known as alginates must be understood. A step in the degradation of alginate is the conversion of 4,5-unsaturated monouronates to 4-deoxy-L-erythro-5-hexoseulose catalysed by the enzyme KdgF. In this study BeKdgF from Bacteroides eggerthii from the human gut microbiota has been produced isotopically labelled in Escherichia coli. Here the 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR chemical shift assignment for BeKdgF is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Beenfeldt Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, DTU Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Idd Andrea Christensen
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mette E Rønne
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, DTU Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Emil G P Stender
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, DTU Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David Teze
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, DTU Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Birte Svensson
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, DTU Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Finn Lillelund Aachmann
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
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Deering J, Lin DSY, D'Elia A, Zhang B, Grandfield K. Fabrication of succinate-alginate xerogel films for in vitro coupling of osteogenesis and neovascularization. Biomater Adv 2022; 141:213122. [PMID: 36162345 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The osseointegration of metallic implants is reliant on a cascade of molecular interactions and the delivery of macromolecules to the implant environment that occurs before substantial bone formation. Early blood vessel formation is a requisite first step in the healing timeline for osteoid formation, where vascular development can be accelerated as a result of controlled hypoxic conditioning. In this study, alginate-derived xerogel films containing varied concentrations of disodium succinate salt which has been shown to induce pseudohypoxia (short-term hypoxic effects while maintaining an oxygenated environment) were developed. Xerogels were characterized for their morphology, succinate release over time and cellular response with osteoblast-mimicking Saos-2 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Scanning electron microscopy revealed a multiscale topography that may favour osseointegration and alamarBlue assays indicated no cytotoxic effects during in vitro proliferation of Saos-2 cells. pH measurements of eluted succinate reach 95 % of peak value after 7 h of immersion for all gels containing 10 mM of succinate or less, and 60 % within the first 40 min. In vitro exposure of HUVECs to succinate-conditioned media increased the net concentration of total proteins measured by bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay and maintains stable vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and extracellular platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) for vessel formation through comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) of the culture media and cell lysate. Tube formation assays also showed a sustained increase in tube diameter across the first 48 h of HUVEC culture when succinate concentrations of 1 and 10 μM in the xerogel. Overall, the succinate-alginate films serve as a prospective organic coating for bone-interfacing implant materials which may induce temporary pseudohypoxic conditions favourable for early angiogenesis and bone regeneration in vivo at succinate concentrations of 1 or 10 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Deering
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dawn S Y Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew D'Elia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Boyang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kathryn Grandfield
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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48
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Yang Y, Liang M, Ouyang D, Tong H, Wu M, Su L. Research Progress on the Protective Effect of Brown Algae-Derived Polysaccharides on Metabolic Diseases and Intestinal Barrier Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10784. [PMID: 36142699 PMCID: PMC9503908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the human body, the intestine is the largest digestive and immune organ, where nutrients are digested and absorbed, and this organ plays a key role in host immunity. In recent years, intestinal health issues have gained attention and many studies have shown that oxidative stress, inflammation, intestinal barrier damage, and an imbalance of intestinal microbiota may cause a range of intestinal diseases, as well as other problems. Brown algae polysaccharides, mainly including alginate, fucoidan, and laminaran, are food-derived natural products that have received wide attention from scholars owing to their good biological activity and low toxic side effects. It has been found that brown algae polysaccharides can repair intestinal physical, chemical, immune and biological barrier damage. Principally, this review describes the protective effects and mechanisms of brown algae-derived polysaccharides on intestinal health, as indicated by the ability of polysaccharides to maintain intestinal barrier integrity, inhibit lipid peroxidation-associated damage, and suppress inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, our review aims to provide new ideas on the prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases and act as a reference for the development of fucoidan as a functional product for intestinal protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Meina Liang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Dan Ouyang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Haibin Tong
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Mingjiang Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Laijin Su
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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Wu S, Hao P, Lv Z, Zhang X, Wang L, Basang W, Zhu Y, Gao Y. Construction of Magnetic Composite Bacterial Carrier and Application in 17β-Estradiol Degradation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185807. [PMID: 36144543 PMCID: PMC9504236 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen contamination is widespread and microbial degradation is a promising removal method; however, unfavorable environments can hinder microbial function. In this study, a natural estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2) was introduced as a degradation target, and a new combination of bacterial carrier was investigated. We found the best combination of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) was 4% total concentration, PVA:SA = 5:5, with nano-Fe3O4 at 2%, and maltose and glycine added to promote degradation, for which the optimal concentrations were 5 g·L−1 and 10 g·L−1, respectively. Based on the above exploration, the bacterial carrier was made, and the degradation efficiency of the immobilized bacteria reached 92.3% in 5 days. The immobilized bacteria were reused for three cycles, and the degradation efficiency of each round could exceed 94%. Immobilization showed advantages at pH 5, pH 11, 10 °C, 40 °C, and 40 g·L−1 NaCl, and the degradation efficiency of the immobilized bacteria was higher than 90%. In the wastewater, the immobilized bacteria could degrade E2 to about 1 mg·L−1 on the 5th day. This study constructed a bacterial immobilization carrier using a new combination, explored the application potential of the carrier, and provided a new choice of bacterial immobilization carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Peng Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zongshuo Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiqing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Wangdui Basang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa 850009, China
| | - Yanbin Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa 850009, China
| | - Yunhang Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-131-5975-2912
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50
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Cheon GJ, Park HS, Lee EY, Kim MJ, You YH, Rhee M, Kim JW, Yoon KH. Differentiation of Microencapsulated Neonatal Porcine Pancreatic Cell Clusters in Vitro Improves Transplant Efficacy in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Mice. Diabetes Metab J 2022; 46:677-688. [PMID: 35124687 PMCID: PMC9532182 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2021.0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal porcine pancreatic cell clusters (NPCCs) have been proposed as an alternative source of β cells for islet transplantation because of their low cost and growth potential after transplantation. However, the delayed glucose lowering effect due to the immaturity of NPCCs and immunologic rejection remain as a barrier to NPCC's clinical application. Here, we demonstrate accelerated differentiation and immune-tolerant NPCCs by in vitro chemical treatment and microencapsulation. METHODS NPCCs isolated from 3-day-old piglets were cultured in F-10 media and then microencapsulated with alginate on day 5. Differentiation of NPCCs is facilitated by media supplemented with activin receptor-like kinase 5 inhibitor II, triiodothyronine and exendin-4 for 2 weeks. Marginal number of microencapsulated NPCCs to cure diabetes with and without differentiation were transplanted into diabetic mice and observed for 8 weeks. RESULTS The proportion of insulin-positive cells and insulin mRNA levels of NPCCs were significantly increased in vitro in the differentiated group compared with the undifferentiated group. Blood glucose levels decreased eventually after transplantation of microencapsulated NPCCs in diabetic mice and normalized after 7 weeks in the differentiated group. In addition, the differentiated group showed nearly normal glucose tolerance at 8 weeks after transplantation. In contrast, neither blood glucose levels nor glucose tolerance were improved in the undifferentiated group. Retrieved graft in the differentiated group showed greater insulin response to high glucose compared with the undifferentiated group. CONCLUSION in vitro differentiation of microencapsulated immature NPCCs increased the proportion of insulin-positive cells and improved transplant efficacy in diabetic mice without immune rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong-Jin Cheon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heon-Seok Park
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Division of Intractable Diseases, Department of Chronic Diseases Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young-Hye You
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Marie Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Kim
- Recombinant Protein Products Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Yoon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding author: Kun-Ho Yoon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9109-2208 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea E-mail:
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