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Wan F, Ping H, Wang W, Zou Z, Xie H, Su BL, Liu D, Fu Z. Hydroxyapatite-reinforced alginate fibers with bioinspired dually aligned architectures. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118167. [PMID: 34119140 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Biological materials have excellent mechanical properties due to their organized structures from nano- to macro-scale. Artificial manufacture of materials with anisotropic microstructures still remains challenging. We described a stress-induced method to fabricate anisotropic alginate fibers. Organic-inorganic composite fibers were obtained by incorporating aligned hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanowires into the alginate fiber. Detailed structural characterization revealed the bone-like structure of the HAP-reinforced alginate fibers. Tensile test results showed that the maximum Young's modulus and tensile strength were 4.3 GPa and 153.8 MPa, respectively. A multiscale reinforcing mechanism is proposed after the discussion of the structure-property relationship: highly ordered and compacted nanofibrils aligned along the longitudinal direction at the microscale, and two kinds of alginate gels with different mechanical behaviors at the nanoscale coexisted (acidic alginate gel and calcium-alginate gel). This work validates the effectiveness of the bioinspired fabrication strategy, which inspires further manufacturing and optimization of materials for diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road No. 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hang Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road No. 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road No. 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhaoyong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road No. 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hao Xie
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road No. 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bao-Lian Su
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, University of Namur, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Dabiao Liu
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Zhengyi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road No. 122, Wuhan 430070, China.
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2
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Wang Y, Shaghaleh H, Hamoud YA, Zhang S, Li P, Xu X, Liu H. Synthesis of a pH-responsive nano-cellulose/sodium alginate/MOFs hydrogel and its application in the regulation of water and N-fertilizer. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:262-271. [PMID: 34314793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to circumvent the water eutrophication caused by nitrogen loss in agriculture, slow-release and high-water containing fertilizers have captured much attention. Considering the unstable release of traditional slow-released fertilizers, novel strategies need to be designed to meet the steady release of fertilizers. Herein, by integrating cellulose-based hydrogel with MIL-100(Fe), a pH-sensitive Cellulose/MOFs hydrogel (CAM) with a high surface area (45.25 m2/g) was devised. The volume changes and the water adsorption of the hydrogels were uncovered from pH 3 to pH 11, where the highest water adsorption (100 g/g) was achieved at pH 11. Besides, a pH-sensitive urea slow release fertilizer (U-CAM) was also designed. The urea release of the U-CAM at pH 11 was much slower than that of the U-CAM at pH 3, which indicated its potential application in arid regions. In parallel with a favorable water-holding capacity, the totally loss of the soil moisture loaded with U-CAM was slowed down by 18 days as compared with the pure soil. The positive effect of the U-CAM on the growth of wheat was indexed with the germination rate, number of tillers, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of the crop, which verified their further application in irrigating farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hiba Shaghaleh
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Youself Alhaj Hamoud
- College of Agricultural Science and engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Shuangsheng Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Xu Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - He Liu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.
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3
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Ahn SH, Rath M, Tsao CY, Bentley WE, Raghavan SR. Single-Step Synthesis of Alginate Microgels Enveloped with a Covalent Polymeric Shell: A Simple Way to Protect Encapsulated Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:18432-18442. [PMID: 33871957 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microgels of biopolymers such as alginate are widely used to encapsulate cells and other biological payloads. Alginate is an attractive material for cell encapsulation because it is nontoxic and convenient: spherical alginate gels are easily created by contacting aqueous droplets of sodium alginate with divalent cations such as Ca2+. Alginate chains in the gel become cross-linked by Ca2+ cations into a 3-D network. When alginate gels are placed in a buffer, however, the Ca2+ cross-links are eliminated by exchange with Na+, thereby weakening and degrading the gels. With time, encapsulated cells are released into the external solution. Here, we describe a simple solution to the above problem, which involves forming alginate gels enveloped by a thin shell of a covalently cross-linked gel. The shell is formed via free-radical polymerization using conventional monomers such as acrylamide (AAm) or acrylate derivatives, including polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA). The entire process is performed in a single step at room temperature (or 37 °C) under mild, aqueous conditions. It involves combining the alginate solution with a radical initiator, which is then introduced as droplets into a reservoir containing Ca2+ and monomers. Within minutes of either simple incubation or exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, the droplets are converted into alginate-polymer microcapsules with a core of alginate and a shell of the polymer (AAm or PEGDA). The microcapsules are mechanically more robust than conventional alginate/Ca2+ microgels, and while the latter swell and degrade when placed in buffers or in chelators like sodium citrate, the former remain stable under all conditions. We encapsulate both bacteria and mammalian cells in these microcapsules and find that the cells remain viable and functional over time. Lastly, a variation of the synthesis technique is shown to generate multilayered microcapsules with a liquid core surrounded by concentric layers of alginate and AAm gels. We anticipate that the approaches presented here will find application in a variety of areas including cell therapies, artificial cells, drug delivery, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hyun Ahn
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Medha Rath
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Chen-Yu Tsao
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - William E Bentley
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Srinivasa R Raghavan
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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4
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Zhu M, He X, Xin C, Zhu Y, Liu Z. 3D printing of an integrated triphasic MBG-alginate scaffold with enhanced interface bonding for hard tissue applications. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2020; 31:113. [PMID: 33247359 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06459-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Osteochondral defects affect both of cartilage and subchondral areas, thus it poses a significant challenge to simultaneously regenerate two parts in orthopedics. Tissue engineering strategy is currently regarded as the most promising way to repair osteochondral defects. This study focuses on developing a multilayered scaffold with enhanced interface bonding through 3D printing. One-shot printing process enables control over material composition, pore structure, and size in each region of the scaffold, while realizes seamlessly integrated construct as well. The scaffold was designed to be triphasic: a porous bone layer composed of alginate sodium (SA) and mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG), an intermediate dense layer also composed of SA and MBG and a cartilaginous layer composed of SA. The mechanical strength including the interface adhesion strength between layers were characterized. The results indicated that SA crosslinking after 3D printing anchored different materials together and integrated all regions. Additional scaffold soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) and cell culture medium induced apatite deposition and had weakened the compressive and tensile strengths, while no layer dislocation or delamination occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Xin He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chen Xin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yufang Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhongtang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China.
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5
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Zhang C, Wang W, Zhao X, Wang H, Yin H. Preparation of alginate oligosaccharides and their biological activities in plants: A review. Carbohydr Res 2020; 494:108056. [PMID: 32559511 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) is the degradation product of alginates extracted from brown algae. As a multifunctional oligomer, it has attracted widespread attention in plant research. Different methods of preparation generate AOS possessing diverse structural properties, and result in differences in AOS activity. In this review, the methods of preparation and characterization of AOS are briefly summarized, followed by a systematic introduction to the activity and mechanisms of AOS in plants. AOS can act as a growth promoter at different growth stages of plants. AOS also enhances resistance to pathogens, drought, salt, heavy metals and other stressors by triggering plant immunity, exerting bioactivity just like a pathogen-associated molecular pattern. In addition, AOS can regulate ABA biosynthesis and metabolite to preserve fruit quality and enhance shelf life. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the biological activity of AOS in plants, which will support research and the application of AOS treatments for plants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China; Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Hongying Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
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6
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Bhagyaraj S, Krupa I. Alginate-Mediated Synthesis of Hetero-Shaped Silver Nanoparticles and Their Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing Ability. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030435. [PMID: 31972997 PMCID: PMC7038214 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A new method for the simple synthesis of stable heterostructured biopolymer (sodium alginate)-capped silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) based on green chemistry is reported. The as-prepared nanoparticles were characterized using the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. The results showed that the as-prepared Ag-NPs have a heterostructured morphology with particle size in the range 30 ± 18–60 ± 25 nm, showing a zeta potential of −62 mV. The silver nanoparticle formation was confirmed from UV-Vis spectra showing 424 nm as maximum absorption. The particle size and crystallinity of the as-synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed using TEM and XRD measurements, respectively. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of alginate as capping agent to stabilize the nanoparticles. The Ag-NPs also showed excellent sensing capability, with a linear response to hydrogen peroxide spanning a wide range of concentrations from 10−1 to 10−7 M, which indicates their high potential for water treatment applications, such as pollution detection and nanofiltration composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Bhagyaraj
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (I.K.); Tel.: +974-33384499 (S.B); +974-4403-5671 (I.K.)
| | - Igor Krupa
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (I.K.); Tel.: +974-33384499 (S.B); +974-4403-5671 (I.K.)
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7
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Ajdary R, Huan S, Zanjanizadeh Ezazi N, Xiang W, Grande R, Santos HA, Rojas OJ. Acetylated Nanocellulose for Single-Component Bioinks and Cell Proliferation on 3D-Printed Scaffolds. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2770-2778. [PMID: 31117356 PMCID: PMC6620719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose has been demonstrated as a suitable material for cell culturing, given its similarity to extracellular matrices. Taking advantage of the shear thinning behavior, nanocellulose suits three-dimensional (3D) printing into scaffolds that support cell attachment and proliferation. Here, we propose aqueous suspensions of acetylated nanocellulose of a low degree of substitution for direct ink writing (DIW). This benefits from the heterogeneous acetylation of precursor cellulosic fibers, which eases their deconstruction and confers the characteristics required for extrusion in DIW. Accordingly, the morphology of related 3D-printed architectures and their performance during drying and rewetting as well as interactions with living cells are compared with those produced from typical unmodified and TEMPO-oxidized nanocelluloses. We find that a significantly lower concentration of acetylated nanofibrils is needed to obtain bioinks of similar performance, affording more porous structures. Together with their high surface charge and axial aspect, acetylated nanocellulose produces dimensionally stable monolithic scaffolds that support drying and rewetting, required for packaging and sterilization. Considering their potential uses in cardiac devices, we discuss the interactions of the scaffolds with cardiac myoblast cells. Attachment, proliferation, and viability for 21 days are demonstrated. Overall, the performance of acetylated nanocellulose bioinks opens the possibility for reliable and scale-up fabrication of scaffolds appropriate for studies on cellular processes and for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Ajdary
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Siqi Huan
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Nazanin Zanjanizadeh Ezazi
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, FI 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wenchao Xiang
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Rafael Grande
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, FI 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
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Yu L, Sun Q, Hui Y, Seth A, Petrovsky N, Zhao CX. Microfluidic formation of core-shell alginate microparticles for protein encapsulation and controlled release. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 539:497-503. [PMID: 30611045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.12.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alginate hydrogel particles are promising delivery systems for protein encapsulation and controlled release because of their excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mild gelation process. In this study, a facile microfluidic approach is developed for making uniform core-shell hydrogel microparticles. To address the challenge of protein retention within the alginate gel matrix, poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI)- and chitosan-coated alginate microparticles were fabricated demonstrating improved protein retention as well as controlled release. Furthermore, a model protein ovalbumin was loaded along with delta inulin microparticulate adjuvant into the water-core of the alginate microparticles. Compared to those microparticles with only antigen loaded, the antigen + adjuvant loaded microparticles showed a delayed and sustained release of antigen. This microfluidic approach provides a convenient method for making well-controlled alginate microgel particles with uniform size and controlled properties, and demonstrates the ability to tune the release profiles of proteins by engineering microparticle structure and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Qi Sun
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yue Hui
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Arjun Seth
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nikolai Petrovsky
- Vaxine Pty Ltd, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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9
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Zhou L, Yi Y, Yuan Q, Zhang J, Li Y, Wang P, Xu M, Xie S. VAOS, a novel vanadyl complexes of alginate saccharides, inducing apoptosis via activation of AKT-dependent ROS production in NSCLC. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:177-185. [PMID: 30223019 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have confirmed that protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) can promote tumour progression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Vanadyl alginate oligosaccharides (VAOS) is a new coordination compounds that possesses a good PTP1B inhibitory activity. However, the potent anticancer efficacy of VAOS in human NSCLC requires further study. In this study, VAOS exhibited effective inhibitory effects in NSCLC both in cultured cells and in a xenograft mouse model. VAOS was further identified to induce NSCLC cell apoptosis through activating protein kinase B (AKT) to elevate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by increasing in oxygen consumption and impairing the ROS-scavenging system. Neither silencing of PTP1B by siRNA nor transient overexpression of PTP1B had an effect on the AKT phosphorylation triggered by VAOS, indicating that PTP1B inhibition was not involved in VAOS-induced apoptosis. Through phosphorus colorimetric assay, we demonstrated that VAOS notably inhibited phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) dephosphorylation activity, another member of the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases)-upstream factor of AKT. Interestingly, PTEN knockdown sensitized cells to VAOS, whereas ectopic expression of PTEN markedly rescued VAOS-mediated lethality. In vivo, VAOS treatment markedly reduced PTEN activity and tumour cell burden with low systemic toxicity. Thus, our data not only provided a new therapeutic drug candidate for NSCLC, but presented new understanding into the pharmacological research of VAOS.
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MESH Headings
- A549 Cells
- Alginates/chemical synthesis
- Alginates/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/antagonists & inhibitors
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1/genetics
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Reactive Oxygen Species/agonists
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Vanadates/chemical synthesis
- Vanadates/pharmacology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China
| | - Yuetao Yi
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China
| | - Youjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China
| | - Pingyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China
| | - Maolei Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China.
| | - Shuyang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China.
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10
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Sterner M, Edlund U. High-Performance Filaments from Fractionated Alginate by Polyvalent Cross-Linking: A Theoretical and Practical Approach. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:3311-3330. [PMID: 29954171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of alginate fractions with significant differences in molecular weight and uronic acid compositions were produced by consecutive fractionation and converted to thin and strong cross-linked polymer filaments via extrusion into calcium, aluminum, or polyaluminum (PolyAl) polyvalent solutions followed by drawing and drying. Models were elaborated to relate the alginate uronic acid composition to the tensile performance in both the wet gel filament and the dry filament states. The wet gel model was compared to the theory of the unidirectional elongation of charged polyelectrolyte gels based on the classical rubber elasticity of dilated polymer networks, extended to include the contributions of non-Gaussian chain extensions and the effect of electrostatic interactions. The theory of equilibrium swelling pressure was applied to describe the observed shrinkage of the alginate gels following immersion in a polyvalent solution. Congruent with the theoretical model of charged gels, the tensile performance of the gel filaments prepared from CaCl2 depended on the compositional ratio of guluronic acid dyads in the alginate fraction multiplied by the alginate concentration, while the tensile behavior of wet gel filaments prepared by AlCl3 instead resembled that of elastic solid materials and depended only on the alginate concentration. The dry filament tensile properties were greatly dependent on the preparation conditions, particularly the ratio of stress to alginate concentration and the nature of the ions present during filament drawing. The PolyAl solution effectively caused shrinkage of alginate to a strong extent, and the resulting filaments behaved as highly stiff materials able to withstand stresses of approximately 500 MPa and having elastic moduli as high as 28 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Sterner
- Fiber and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56 , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Ulrica Edlund
- Fiber and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56 , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
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Ribeiro C, Borges J, Costa AMS, Gaspar VM, Bermudez VDZ, Mano JF. Preparation of Well-Dispersed Chitosan/Alginate Hollow Multilayered Microcapsules for Enhanced Cellular Internalization. Molecules 2018; 23:E625. [PMID: 29534439 PMCID: PMC6017778 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hollow multilayered capsules have shown massive potential for being used in the biomedical and biotechnology fields, in applications such as cellular internalization, intracellular trafficking, drug delivery, or tissue engineering. In particular, hollow microcapsules, developed by resorting to porous calcium carbonate sacrificial templates, natural-origin building blocks and the prominent Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technology, have attracted increasing attention owing to their key features. However, these microcapsules revealed a great tendency to aggregate, which represents a major hurdle when aiming for cellular internalization and intracellular therapeutics delivery. Herein, we report the preparation of well-dispersed polysaccharide-based hollow multilayered microcapsules by combining the LbL technique with an optimized purification process. Cationic chitosan (CHT) and anionic alginate (ALG) were chosen as the marine origin polysaccharides due to their biocompatibility and structural similarity to the extracellular matrices of living tissues. Moreover, the inexpensive and highly versatile LbL technology was used to fabricate core-shell microparticles and hollow multilayered microcapsules, with precise control over their composition and physicochemical properties, by repeating the alternate deposition of both materials. The microcapsules' synthesis procedure was optimized to extensively reduce their natural aggregation tendency, as shown by the morphological analysis monitored by advanced microscopy techniques. The well-dispersed microcapsules showed an enhanced uptake by fibroblasts, opening new perspectives for cellular internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ribeiro
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- Department of Chemistry and CQ-VR, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - João Borges
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana M S Costa
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Vítor M Gaspar
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Verónica de Zea Bermudez
- Department of Chemistry and CQ-VR, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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12
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Somo SI, Langert K, Yang CY, Vaicik MK, Ibarra V, Appel AA, Akar B, Cheng MH, Brey EM. Synthesis and evaluation of dual crosslinked alginate microbeads. Acta Biomater 2018; 65:53-65. [PMID: 29101016 PMCID: PMC5902406 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alginate hydrogels have been investigated for a broad variety of medical applications. The ability to assemble hydrogels at neutral pH and mild temperatures makes alginate a popular choice for the encapsulation and delivery of cells and proteins. Alginate has been studied extensively for the delivery of islets as a treatment for type 1 diabetes. However, poor stability of the encapsulation systems after implantation remains a challenge. In this paper, alginate was modified with 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride (AEMA) to introduce groups that can be photoactivated to generate covalent bonds. This enabled formation of dual crosslinked structure upon exposure to ultraviolet light following initial ionic crosslinking into bead structures. The degree of methacrylation was varied and in vitro stability, long term swelling, and cell viability examined. At low levels of the methacrylation, the beads could be formed by first ionic crosslinks followed by exposure to ultraviolet light to generate covalent bonds. The methacrylated alginate resulted in more stable beads and cells were viable following encapsulation. Alginate microbeads, ionic (unmodified) and dual crosslinked, were implanted into a rat omentum pouch model. Implantation was performed with a local injection of 100 µl of 50 µg/ml of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate a robust inflammatory challenge in vivo. Implants were retrieved at 1 and 3 weeks for analysis. The unmodified alginate microbeads had all failed by week 1, whereas the dual-crosslinked alginate microbeads remained stable up through 3 weeks. The modified alginate microbeads may provide a more stable alternative to current alginate-based systems for cell encapsulation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Alginate, a naturally occurring polysaccharide, has been used for cell encapsulation to prevent graft rejection of cell transplants for people with type I diabetes. Although some success has been observed in clinical trials, the lack of reproducibility and failure to reach insulin dependence for longer periods of time indicates the need for improvements in the procedure. A major requirement for the long-term function of alginate encapsulated cells is the mechanical stability of microcapsules. Insufficient mechanical integrity of the capsules can lead to immunological reactions in the recipients. In this work, alginate was modified to allow photoactivatable groups in order to allow formation of covalent crosslinks in addition to ionic crosslinking. The dual crosslinking design prevents capsule breakdown following implantation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami I Somo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA; Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. VA. Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
| | - Kelly Langert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA; Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. VA. Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
| | - Chin-Yu Yang
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Marcella K Vaicik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA; Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. VA. Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
| | - Veronica Ibarra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alyssa A Appel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Banu Akar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA; Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. VA. Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
| | - Ming-Huei Cheng
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Eric M Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA; Research Service, Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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13
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Takeshita S, Oda T. Usefulness of Alginate Lyases Derived from Marine Organisms for the Preparation of Alginate Oligomers with Various Bioactivities. Adv Food Nutr Res 2016; 79:137-160. [PMID: 27770859 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Alginate-degrading enzyme, alginate lyase, catalyzes the cleavage of glycosidic 1-4 O-linkages between uronic acid residues of alginate by a β-elimination reaction leaving a 4-deoxy-l-erythro-hex-4-ene pyranosyluronate as nonreducing terminal end. The enzymes from a wide variety of sources such as marine molluscs, seaweeds, and marine bacteria have been discovered and studied not only from a point of view of enzymological interest of enzyme itself but also for elucidation of fine chemical structure of alginate, structure-activity relationship of alginate, and biological activities and physicochemical features of the enzymatic digestion products. Based on the substrate specificities, alginate lyases are classified into three groups: poly(β-d-mannuronate) lyase, poly(α-l-guluronate) lyase, and bifunctional alginate lyase, which are specific to mannuronate, guluronate, and both uronic acid residues, respectively. We have studied enzymological aspects of these three types of alginate lyases, and bioactivities of enzymatically digested alginate oligomers. In this chapter, we described the purification and characterization of three types of alginate lyases from different marine origins and overviewed the bioactivities of alginate oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Takeshita
- Center for Industry, University and Government Cooperation, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - T Oda
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science & Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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14
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Rădulescu M, Holban AM, Mogoantă L, Bălşeanu TA, Mogoșanu GD, Savu D, Popescu RC, Fufă O, Grumezescu AM, Bezirtzoglou E, Lazar V, Chifiriuc MC. Fabrication, Characterization, and Evaluation of Bionanocomposites Based on Natural Polymers and Antibiotics for Wound Healing Applications. Molecules 2016; 21:E761. [PMID: 27294905 PMCID: PMC6273619 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our research activity was to obtain a biocompatible nanostructured composite based on naturally derived biopolymers (chitin and sodium alginate) loaded with commercial antibiotics (either Cefuroxime or Cefepime) with dual functions, namely promoting wound healing and assuring the local delivery of the loaded antibiotic. Compositional, structural, and morphological evaluations were performed by using the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analytical techniques. In order to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the biocompatibility of the obtained composites, we performed the tetrazolium-salt (MTT) and agar diffusion in vitro assays on the L929 cell line. The evaluation of antimicrobial potential was evaluated by the viable cell count assay on strains belonging to two clinically relevant bacterial species (i.e., Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Rădulescu
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alina Maria Holban
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Portocalelor Lane, Sector 5, 77206 Bucharest, Romania.
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Life, Environmental and Earth Sciences, Spl. Independentei 91-95, 0500088 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Laurențiu Mogoantă
- Research Center for Microscopic Morphology and Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, PetruRares Street, No. 2, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Tudor-Adrian Bălşeanu
- Research Center for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova 2 PetruRareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - George Dan Mogoșanu
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, PetruRares Street, No. 2, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Diana Savu
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, "HoriaHulubei" National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Magurele, 077125 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Roxana Cristina Popescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, "HoriaHulubei" National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Magurele, 077125 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Oana Fufă
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Magurele, 077125 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200 Orestiada, Greece.
| | - Veronica Lazar
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Portocalelor Lane, Sector 5, 77206 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Portocalelor Lane, Sector 5, 77206 Bucharest, Romania.
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Life, Environmental and Earth Sciences, Spl. Independentei 91-95, 0500088 Bucharest, Romania.
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He F, Wang W, He XH, Yang XL, Li M, Xie R, Ju XJ, Liu Z, Chu LY. Controllable Multicompartmental Capsules with Distinct Cores and Shells for Synergistic Release. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:8743-8754. [PMID: 26977710 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A facile and flexible approach is developed for controllable fabrication of novel multiple-compartmental calcium alginate capsules from all-aqueous droplet templates with combined coextrusion minifluidic devices for isolated coencapsulation and synergistic release of diverse incompatible components. The multicompartmental capsules exhibit distinct compartments, each of which is covered by a distinct part of a heterogeneous shell. The volume and number of multiple compartments can be well-controlled by adjusting flow rates and device numbers for isolated and optimized encapsulation of different components, while the composition of different part of the heterogeneous shell can be individually tailored by changing the composition of droplet template for flexibly tuning the release behavior of each component. Two combined devices are first used to fabricate dual-compartmental capsules and then scaled up to fabricate more complex triple-compartmental capsules for coencapsulation. The synergistic release properties are demonstrated by using dual-compartmental capsules, which contain one-half shell with a constant release rate and the other half shell with a temperature-dependent release rate. Such a heterogeneous shell provides more flexibilities for synergistic release with controllable release sequence and release rates to achieve advanced and optimized synergistic efficacy. The multicompartmental capsules show high potential for applications such as drug codelivery, confined reactions, enzyme immobilizations, and cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , No. 24, Southern 1 Section, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , No. 24, Southern 1 Section, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Heng He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , No. 24, Southern 1 Section, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Lan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , No. 24, Southern 1 Section, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , No. 24, Southern 1 Section, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xie
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , No. 24, Southern 1 Section, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jie Ju
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , No. 24, Southern 1 Section, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , No. 24, Southern 1 Section, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Yin Chu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , No. 24, Southern 1 Section, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, People's Republic of China
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16
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Préchoux A, Genicot S, Rogniaux H, Helbert W. Enzyme-Assisted Preparation of Furcellaran-Like κ-/β-Carrageenan. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2016; 18:133-143. [PMID: 26585588 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Carrageenans are sulfated galactans that are widely used in industrial applications for their thickening and gelling properties, which vary according to the amount and distribution of ester sulfate groups along the galactan backbone. To determine and direct the sulfation of κ-carrageenan moieties, we purified an endo-κ-carrageenan sulfatase (Q15XH1 accession in UniprotKB) from Pseudoalteromonas atlantica T6c extracts. Based on sequence analyses and exploration of the genomic environment of Q15XH1, we discovered and characterized a second endo-κ-carrageenan sulfatase (Q15XG7 accession in UniprotKB). Both enzymes convert κ-carrageenan into a hybrid, furcellaran-like κ-/β-carrageenan. We compared the protein sequences of these two new κ-carrageenan sulfatases and that of a previously reported ι-carrageenan sulfatase with other predicted sulfatases in the P. atlantica genome, revealing the existence of additional new carrageenan sulfatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Préchoux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Sabine Genicot
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Hélène Rogniaux
- INRA, Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - William Helbert
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France.
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680, Roscoff, France.
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV, UPR-CNRS 5301), Affiliated with the Université Joseph Fourier (UJF), BP53, 38041, Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble (ICMG, FR-CNRS 2607), Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
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17
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Grolman JM, Zhang D, Smith AM, Moore JS, Kilian KA. Rapid 3D Extrusion of Synthetic Tumor Microenvironments. Adv Mater 2015; 27:5512-7. [PMID: 26283579 PMCID: PMC4745120 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201501729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The spatial positioning of 3D tumor-mimetic microenvironments, containing multiple cell types, is controlled with a simple concentric flow device in a single step. A range of geometric architectures are demonstrated, and the migration of segregated tumor cells and macrophages is explored using drugs that inhibit heterotypic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M. Grolman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Douglas Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Andrew M. Smith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Moore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kristopher A. Kilian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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18
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Pistone S, Qoragllu D, Smistad G, Hiorth M. Formulation and preparation of stable cross-linked alginate-zinc nanoparticles in the presence of a monovalent salt. Soft Matter 2015; 11:5765-5774. [PMID: 26086433 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00700c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharide-based nanoparticles can be formed, under the right conditions, when a counterion is added to a dilute polysaccharide solution. In this study, the possibility of preparing stable alginate nanoparticles cross-linked with zinc was investigated. The effects of the ionic strength of the solvent and the concentration of zinc were studied. The nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and pH measurements. The results showed that an increase in the ionic strength of the solvent provided nanoparticles with considerably narrower size distributions compared to pure water, and a small size. The zinc content was shown to be an important factor for the formation of the nanoparticles. In fact, a critical zinc concentration was needed to obtain nanoparticles, and below this concentration particles were not formed. A stepwise increase in the amount of zinc revealed the process of formation of the nanoparticles. The stages of the nanoparticle formation process were identified, and differences according to the ionic strength of the solvent were also reported. Furthermore, the stability test of the most promising formulation showed a stability of over ten weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pistone
- SiteDel Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway.
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19
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Hassani Najafabadi A, Azodi-Deilami S, Abdouss M, Payravand H, Farzaneh S. Synthesis and evaluation of hydroponically alginate nanoparticles as novel carrier for intravenous delivery of propofol. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2015; 26:145. [PMID: 25743747 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Commercial lipid emulsion of propofol (CLE) has several drawbacks including pain on injection and emulsion instability. In this paper, a novel nanocarrier system is introduced to improve stability and solubility of the poorly soluble anesthetic drug, propofol, for intravenous administration. In this paper, alginate is modified using a facile method in which the carboxylic group of alginate is grafted to octanol. The octanol-grafted alginate (Alg-C8) is then employed to prepare nanoparticles which are subsequently used for encapsulation of propofol. The nanoparticles are analyzed for their pH, osmolarity, particle size, stability, morphology and sleep recovery and the results are compared with CLE as control. It is revealed that nanoparticles have the average particle size of 180 nm ± 1.2 and spherical morphology which is less than CLE while their pH, osmolarity and profile of release of formulated nanoparticles are similar to those of CLE. In addition, the results show good chemical and physical storage stability for the nanoparticles at room temperature for at least 6 months compared to CLE as control. The animal sleep recovery test on rats shows no significant difference in time of unconsciousness and recovery of the righting reflex between nanoparticles and CLE. It is concluded that encapsulated nanoparticles introduced here could be a promising clinical intravenous system for delivery of poorly soluble anesthetic propofol. In addition, this study provides an efficient and facile method for preparing a carrier system for water insoluble drugs.
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20
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Lee CS, Le Thanh T, Kim EJ, Gong J, Chang YY, Chang YS. Fabrication of novel oxygen-releasing alginate beads as an efficient oxygen carrier for the enhancement of aerobic bioremediation of 1,4-dioxane contaminated groundwater. Bioresour Technol 2014; 171:59-65. [PMID: 25189509 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen-releasing alginate beads (ORABs), a new concept of oxygen-releasing compounds (ORCs) designed to overcome some limitations regarding the fast oxygen release rate and the high pH equilibrium of ORCs, were fabricated to promote the stimulation of aerobic biodegradation in anaerobic groundwater. Slow oxygen-releasing rate and maintenance of constant pH were achieved by changing the parameters (ionic radius and valence) related to the cross-linking ions composing ORABs, and the best results were obtained for ORABs cross-linked with Al (Al-ORABs). Furthermore, the mechanism of the improved aerobic biodegradation using Al-ORABs under oxygen-limiting groundwater conditions was elucidated in batch and column studies with 1,4-dioxane and Mycrobacterium sp. PH-06 as a model contaminant and aerobic microbes, respectively. Maximum 1,4-dioxane degradations of 99% and 68.1% were achieved when Al-ORABs were applied in batch and column conditions, respectively, whereas 34.3% and 18% of 1,4-dioxane were degraded without Al-ORABs in batch and column conditions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Seop Lee
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Thao Le Thanh
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jianyu Gong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Young Chang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
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Duarte ARC, Ünal B, Mano JF, Reis RL, Jensen KF. Microfluidic production of perfluorocarbon-alginate core-shell microparticles for ultrasound therapeutic applications. Langmuir 2014; 30:12391-9. [PMID: 25263163 DOI: 10.1021/la502822v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of micrometer-sized core-shell particles for ultrasound-triggered delivery offers a variety of applications in medical research. In this work, we report the design and development of a glass capillary microfluidic system containing three concentric glass capillary tubes for the development of core-shell particles. The setup enables the preparation of perfluorocarbon-alginate core-shell microspheres in a single process, avoiding the requirement for further extensive purification steps. Core-shell microspheres in the range of 110-130 μm are prepared and are demonstrated to be stable up to 21 days upon immersion in calcium chloride solution or water. The mechanical stability of the particles is tested by injecting them through a 23 gauge needle into a polyacrylamide gel to mimic the tissue matrix. The integrity of the particles is maintained after the injection process and is disrupted after ultrasound exposure for 15 min. The results suggest that the perfluorcarbon-alginate microparticles could be a promising system for the delivery of compounds, such as proteins, peptides, and small-molecule drugs in ultrasound-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita C Duarte
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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22
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Singh V, Singh A, Singh D, Singh Y, Pandey AK. Synthesis and characterization of guar-alginate hybrid bead templated mercury sorbing titania spheres. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 72:261-8. [PMID: 25159880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Present communication reports on the synthesis and characterization of Hg(II) sorbing millimeter sized porous titania spheres (TSP). The synthesis utilizes guar gum-alginate hybrid beads as sacrificial template to polymerize titanium(IV) isopropoxide. The hybrid beads are crafted by pouring guar-alginate mixed solution to calcium bath. The mechanical strength of the beads depended on guar to alginate ratio in the mixed solution. The equal weight ratio of the two polysaccharides is appropriate for adequate mechanical strength beads. The unique performance of the templating beads is attributed to the synergistic interaction between guar gum and sodium alginate. FTIR, BET, SEM, TEM, XRD, TGA, and DTG analyses have been used for the characterization of the optimum performance TSP (TSPAG2). TSPAG2 is a mesoporous material that has higher surface area and narrower pore size distribution than pure alginate derived titania spheres (TSPA). TEM study demonstrated that TSPAG2 spheres are constituted of aggregated TiO2 nanoparticles of ∼ 10 nm size. TSPAG2 is able to capture >95% Hg(II) from synthetic Hg(II) solution in 10h at pH 5 as opposed to only 68% removal by TSPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India.
| | - Angela Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Devendra Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Yadveer Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
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23
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Jeon O, Samorezov JE, Alsberg E. Single and dual crosslinked oxidized methacrylated alginate/PEG hydrogels for bioadhesive applications. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:47-55. [PMID: 24035886 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A degradable, cytocompatible bioadhesive can facilitate surgical procedures and minimize patient pain and post-surgical complications. In this study a bioadhesive hydrogel system based on oxidized methacrylated alginate/8-arm poly(ethylene glycol) amine (OMA/PEG) has been developed, and the bioadhesive characteristics of the crosslinked OMA/PEG hydrogels evaluated. Here we demonstrate that the swelling behavior, degradation profiles, and storage moduli of crosslinked OMA/PEG hydrogels are tunable by varying the degree of alginate oxidation. The crosslinked OMA/PEG hydrogels exhibit cytocompatibility when cultured with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, the adhesion strength of these hydrogels, controllable by varying the alginate oxidation level and measured using a porcine skin model, is superior to commercially available fibrin glue. This OMA/PEG hydrogel system with controllable biodegradation and mechanical properties and adhesion strength may be a promising bioadhesive for clinical use in biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, wound closure and healing, biomedical device implantation, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oju Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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24
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Meng S, Liu Y. Alginate block fractions and their effects on membrane fouling. Water Res 2013; 47:6618-6627. [PMID: 24070866 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Alginate has been commonly used as a model foulant in studies of membrane organic fouling. As a complex polymer, alginate is composed of two different monomers, namely M ((1 → 4) linked β-D-mannopyranuronic acid) and G ((1 → 4) linked α-L-gulopyranuronic acid) which are randomly arranged into MG-, MM- and GG-blocks. So far, little information is available about fouling propensity of each block in microfiltration. In this study, microfiltration experiments were conducted respectively with MG-, MM- and GG-blocks separated from alginate under defined conditions. Results showed the severest fouling in the filtration of MG-block, and the least flux decline in the filtration of MM-block. The initial pore blocking was found to be responsible for the fouling observed in MG-block filtration, while the cake layer formed on membrane surface during the MM-block filtration could serve as a pre-filter that prevented membrane from further pore blocking. In order to look into fouling mechanisms, the effects of transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) on membrane fouling were also studied. TEP were found to form through aggregation or cross-link of alginate blocks. As TEP were bigger than original alginate blocks, they could facilitate the formation of cake layer on membrane surface. It was observed that more TEP were produced from MM-blocks than from MG-blocks in solutions. This in turn explained why cake resistance was dominant in the filtration of MM-blocks as compared to MG-blocks. The analysis by the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory further revealed that MM-blocks had lowest cohesive interaction energy among all three alginate blocks, which favoured aggregation of MM-blocks, and ultimately leading to the formation of more TEP. This study provided insights into the roles of different alginate blocks in development of membrane fouling, and suggested that the membrane fouling would be related to molecular structure of alginate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Meng
- Division of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore; Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
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25
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Huang KS, Lin YS, Chang WR, Wang YL, Yang CH. A facile fabrication of alginate microbubbles using a gas foaming reaction. Molecules 2013; 18:9594-602. [PMID: 23941880 PMCID: PMC6269812 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18089594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbubble particles have been extensively utilized as temporal templates for various biomedical applications. This study proposes a facile strategy to obtain microbubble-containing alginate particles (i.e., microbubbles inside alginate gel particles, called alginate microbubbles). The chemical reaction of sodium bicarbonate and hydrogen peroxide to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and oxygen was utilized to form microbubbles within alginate particles. Uniform alginate particles were obtained by a stable needle-based droplet formation process. Kinetic reaction of gas formation was monitored for 2% alginate particles. The gas formation increased with the concentrations of sodium bicarbonate (1-5 wt%) and hydrogen peroxide (0-36.5 wt%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Shiang Huang
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Yung-Sheng Lin
- Department of Applied Cosmetology and Master Program of Cosmetic Science, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Wan-Ru Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-R.C.); (Y.-L.W.)
| | - Yi-Ling Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-R.C.); (Y.-L.W.)
| | - Chih-Hui Yang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-R.C.); (Y.-L.W.)
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26
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Li Q, Huang J, He F, He Q, Cao C, Wang S. [Study of the preparation of silk fibroin gel and its morphology as drug release matrix in vitro and in vivo]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2013; 30:794-811. [PMID: 24059058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF)/sodium alginate (SA) hydrogels can be used as drug injection materials. Homogenate was prepared by centrifugation of the pig myocardial extracellular matrix (PMM) and its modification of SF gel material. This paper observes and compares the different components SF, SF/SA, SF/SA/PMM to illustrate the SF/SA/PMM ternary material as a drug delivery composition material. This ternary material can shorten the gel time, and can make the gel form to be maintained better. Meanwhile, it makes the internal structure of the gel looser so that the hole wall becomes thinner and more conducive to the drug release. In addition, it has good biocompatibility proved by pathological analysis, and is able to enhance the mesenchymal stem cells growth activity, which has great significance in carrying out drug control release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Material Science, School of Materials and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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27
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Hsu FY, Yu DS, Huang CC. Development of pH-sensitive pectinate/alginate microspheres for colon drug delivery. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2013; 24:317-323. [PMID: 23104086 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-012-4798-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to develop and evaluate calcium pectinate/alginate microspheres (PAMs) and to exploit their pH-sensitive properties for colon-targeted delivery of encapsulated cisplatin. PAMs were prepared using an electrospraying method. The PAMs, as cores, were then coated with Eudragit S100 using a polyelectrolyte multilayer coating technique in aqueous solution. The morphology of the microspheres was observed under scanning electron microscopy. In vitro drug release studies were performed in simulated gastrointestinal fluid, and the results indicated that approximately 5 % of the cisplatin was released from the Eudragit S100-coated PAMs, and 51 % of the cisplatin was released from the uncoated PAMs at 1 h. The release of cisplatin from the Eudragit S100-coated PAMs was more sustained in simulated gastric fluid than in simulated intestinal fluid due to the increased solubility of the coating polymer in media with pH >7.0. Drug release from the Eudragit S100-coated PAMs was best described by the Higuchi's square root model. From these results, it was concluded that Eudragit S100-coated PAMs are a potential carrier for delivery of cisplatin to the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Yin Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC.
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28
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Ito T, Saito M, Uchino T, Senna M, Iafisco M, Prat M, Rimondini L, Otsuka M. Preparation of injectable auto-forming alginate gel containing simvastatin with amorphous calcium phosphate as a controlled release medium and their therapeutic effect in osteoporosis model rat. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2012; 23:1291-1297. [PMID: 22391994 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-012-4597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Highly soluble amorphous calcium phosphate powder (ACP) was added to the alginate gel as a buffering agent, in an attempt to enable widely controlled release while avoiding an acidification of the gel-environment. Therapeutic effects of the ACP-containing alginate gel which slowly releases a drug, simvastatin, on osteoporosis model rats were examined. A model drug, simvastatin, incorporated in the alginate gel with ACP up to 0.5%, was continuously released for a long time under the acidic condition. The release rate was controlled by the amount of ACP, serving as a buffer to suppress acidity. When the alginate solution intramuscularly injected in the rat, a soft gel was formed in the injected site. Simvastatin released from the gel containing 0.5% of ACP showed high therapeutic effect on osteoporosis rat. Thus, the present injectable long-sustained release system is expected to be a novel drug delivery controlling device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ito
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Ye S, Wang C, Liu X, Tong Z. Multilayer nanocapsules of polysaccharide chitosan and alginate through layer-by-layer assembly directly on PS nanoparticles for release. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition 2012; 16:909-23. [PMID: 16128296 DOI: 10.1163/1568562054255691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharide multilayer nanocapsules have been fabricated in aqueous media by the layer-by-layer self-assembly of chitosan (CHI) and sodium alginate (ALG) on monodisperse polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles with a diameter of 180 nm as template, followed by removal of the templates through dissolving in THF. The pH and added salt concentration of the polyelectrolyte deposition solutions were optimized to ensure the alternating deposition. Consequently, the most suitable pH values were found to be 6.0-8.0 for ALG and 3.5 for CHI and were used in the deposition. The concentration of added NaCl used in the adsorption solutions was 0.5 M, which led to an average thickness of about 13 nm for 5 bilayers of CHI/ALG shell-wall. zeta-potential indicated the stepwise and alternating adsorption of CHI and ALG to form multilayer film on the PS nanoparticles. The characteristic bands of PS residue almost disappeared in the IR spectrum of the nanocapsule after dipped in THF, confirming thorough removal of PS templates from the core-shell particles. TEM, SEM and AFM were utilized to observe the nanocapsules of about 225 nm in diameter (by TEM). A hydrophilic drug model, acridine hydrochloride (AH), was chosen to investigate the loading and release properties of the nanocapsules. The positively charged AH spontaneously deposited into the capsule due to the electrostatic interaction with the negatively charged styrene sulfonate residues from the PS template inside the capsule. The rate of AH release became slightly slower when the capsule wall was cross-linked with glutaraldehyde, but the accumulative released amount for the cross-linked capsule was obviously reduced. These nanocapsules made from nature polysaccharides have a potential application in controlled drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqu Ye
- Research Institute of Materials Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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30
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Abstract
We have synthesized a novel mucoadhesive polymer, alginate-polyethylenglycol acrylate (alginate-PEGAc), in which an alginate backbone carries acrylated polyethylenglycol. This polymer combines the strength, simplicity and gelation ability of alginate with the mucoadhesion properties arising from the characteristics and acrylate functionality of PEG. The strong bonding to the mucus results from a combination of PEG's ability to interpenetrate the mucus surface and a Michael-type addition reaction between an acrylate end group on a polymer and the sulfide end group of the mucin-type glycoprotein. We have synthesized alginate-PEGAc, verified the formation of the desired product by nuclear magnetic resonance, demonstrated the lack of cytotoxicity, and evaluated the ability of this polymer to function as a novel mucoadhesive material for controlled drug release. Based on our findings we believe that modifying other polymers with PEG-acrylate can open the way for the development of many other multifunctional biomaterials for a variety of biotechnological and biomedical applications.
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Abstract
In this report, we present a non-lithographic embedded template method for rapid and cost-effective fabrication of a monolithic microfluidic device with channels of various sizes. The procedure presented here enables the preparation of microchannels with varying dimensions in a single device without using any sophisticated micromachining instrumentation. In addition, this non-lithographic technique has also been used to fabricate a multilayer-multilevel biopolymer microdevice in a single step. To demonstrate the versatility of the presented method, we have fabricated microfluidic devices with four different materials under different curing/cross linking conditions. We have also demonstrated the application of the fabricated device to generate structured copper alginate microbeads, in vitro protein synthesis in three phase flow, and alternate plugs with liquid spacers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Asthana
- Department of Fine Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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Abstract
This work describes a convenient microfluidic strategy with a simple and minimal-requirement design for the generation of uniformly-sized alginate gel fibers with diameters one order of magnitude smaller than those formed in conventional methods. Different from common microfluidic methods, our system contains a single microchannel through which alginate solutions are transported and squeezed into a calcium chloride solution. Ca2+ ions immediately cross link the alginate solution into a gel state that is collected with a rotor. We use microchannels to define the initial size of the alginate fibers and a roller to further reduce the fiber size (diameter) by one order of magnitude down to approximately 1 microm. The size of the formed fibers can be well controlled by adjusting the corresponding parameters, and be predicted with a simple equation. In addition, various functional materials (colloidal particles, bacteria and nanoparticles) have been encapsulated into the gel fibers with this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Su
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Jay SM, Saltzman WM. Controlled delivery of VEGF via modulation of alginate microparticle ionic crosslinking. J Control Release 2009; 134:26-34. [PMID: 19027807 PMCID: PMC2678414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2008] [Revised: 10/10/2008] [Accepted: 10/30/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Clinical application of therapeutic angiogenesis is hampered by a lack of viable systems that demonstrate controlled, sustained release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Alginate has emerged as a popular material for VEGF delivery; however most alginate-based systems offer limited means to control the rate of VEGF release beyond reducing the VEGF:alginate ratio to suboptimal efficiency. This study describes methods to control the release of VEGF from small (<10 microm mean diameter) alginate microparticles via the use of different ionic crosslinkers. Crosslinking with Zn(2+) versus Ca(2+) reduced VEGF diffusional release and the combination of discrete populations of either Zn(2+)- or Ca(2+)-crosslinked particles allowed for control over the sustained release profiles for VEGF. The particle preparations were non-toxic and VEGF was bioactive after release. These results demonstrate that ionic modulation of alginate crosslinking is a viable strategy for controlling release of VEGF while retaining the high protein:polymer ratio that makes alginate an attractive carrier for delivery of protein therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M. Jay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | - W. Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
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Sone H, Fugetsu B, Tanaka S. Selective elimination of lead(II) ions by alginate/polyurethane composite foams. J Hazard Mater 2009; 162:423-9. [PMID: 18602212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Revised: 05/14/2008] [Accepted: 05/14/2008] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A new type of adsorbent which is capable of selectively adsorbing lead(II) ions (Pb(2+)) was developed. The adsorbent was generated by reaction of sodium alginate with NB-9000B, a polyisocyanate type of prepolymer of polyurethane. The adsorbent was a hydrophilic and flexible alginate/polyurethane composite foam (ALG/PUCF) with the alginate chemically immobilized in the cell walls of the foam. Acid-base titration was used to quantify the concentration of carboxyl groups, which are present on the alginate molecules of the ALG/PUCF, functioning as the essential sites for binding Pb(2+). For the optimized ALG/PUCF, the carboxyl was found to be 38.2+/-1.2mumol/g of dry weight. The capacity for adsorbing Pb(2+) ions in 1.0g of dry weight of the optimized ALG/PUCF was found to be 16.0+/-2.1mumol, indicating that ion exchange was the essential mechanism for adsorbing Pb(2+) ions. The adsorption capacity was found to be highly sensitive to the pH of the sample solution; lower pH (<3) significantly decreased the adsorption. Competing ions such as Mg(2+), Ca(2+), and Cd(2+) also caused a decrease in selectivity and capacity for Pb(2+) adsorption, although the effect was less pronounced than the effect of pH. The ALG/PUCF is highly stable, flexible and easy to use. ALG/PUCF is also reusable after regeneration with ethylenediamine-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, disodium salt (EDTA-2Na). Due to these features, this adsorbent may be highly useful for elimination of Pb(2+) ions from contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Sone
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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Capretto L, Mazzitelli S, Balestra C, Tosi A, Nastruzzi C. Effect of the gelation process on the production of alginate microbeads by microfluidic chip technology. Lab Chip 2008; 8:617-21. [PMID: 18369518 DOI: 10.1039/b714876c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The present paper reports the production of Ba-alginate microspheres by microfluidic chip technology. The general production strategy is based on the formation of an alginate multiphase flow by a 'Y' junction squeezing mechanism. Special emphasis is given to the relationship existing between the gelation process and the final morphological characteristics of the produced microbeads. A series of different gelation strategies, namely: 'external gelation', 'internal gelation' and 'partial gelation' were compared in terms of size, size distribution and morphology of the produced microbeads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Capretto
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06100, Perugia, Italy
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Abstract
Degeneration of intervertebral discs is the most common cause of back pain. The first phase of this degenerative process involves the nucleus pulposus (NP). A rapid recovery of this structure can prevent further degradation of the annulus fibrosus. A new amidic derivative of alginate (AAA) was developed to obtain a polysaccharide possessing some of the physical-chemical properties of Hyal (i.e. viscosity) without losing the rigidity of the native alginate structure. The modified polysaccharide was crosslinked using 1.3 diaminopropane as crosslinking agent. The hydrogel obtained was characterized in terms of water uptake and rheological behavior. In particular, the viscoelastic behavior of the hydrogel was determined in shear stress under dynamic conditions and compared with the behavior of nondegenerated human lumbar NP. We then assessed the effect of the AAA hydrogel on NHC (Normal Human Chondrocyte) cell viability and on the production of important extracellular matrix factors, such as glycosaminoglycans and Type II collagen. In conclusion, the results achieved in this study demonstrated that the amidic alginate-based scaffold is a promising material to be utilized in the replacement of NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Leone
- CRISMA, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Abstract
The swelling behavior of the structural material of cell-enclosing capsules is a key factor for the successful transplantation of these capsules in the treatment of diseases. The present study aimed to develop cell-enclosing capsules displaying minimal swelling under physiological conditions. We investigated the use of an alginate-tyramine conjugate synthesized by a carbodiimide/active-ester coupling reaction. The conjugate gel crosslinked by calcium ions and peroxidase-catalyzed oxidative coupling of phenols swelled less in saline than in unmodified alginate. The degree of swelling could be controlled by conjugate preparation conditions. The conjugate gel showed no obvious cytotoxicity for cells, including the process of oxidative coupling generation. Further, encapsulated cells could be cultured for up to 2 months and achieve approximately 5.2-fold greater mitochondrial activity after 51 days of encapsulation than after 1 day. These results show that this alginate-tyramine conjugate is a promising material for use in cell-enclosing capsules for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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Zhao Y, Carvajal MT, Won YY, Harris MT. Preparation of calcium alginate microgel beads in an electrodispersion reactor using an internal source of calcium carbonate nanoparticles. Langmuir 2007; 23:12489-12496. [PMID: 17990899 DOI: 10.1021/la701795y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
An electrodispersion reactor has been used to prepare calcium alginate (Ca-alginate) microgel beads in this study. In the electrodispersion reactor, pulsed electric fields are utilized to atomize aqueous mixtures of sodium alginate and CaCO3 nanoparticles (dispersed phase) from a nozzle into an immiscible, insulating second liquid (continuous phase) containing a soluble organic acid. This technique combines the features of the electrohydrodynamic force driven emulsion processes and externally triggered gelations in microreactors (the droplets) ultimately to yield soft gel beads. The average particle size of the Ca-alginate gels generated by this method changed from 412 +/- 90 to 10 +/- 3 microm as the applied peak voltage was increased. A diagram depicting structural information for the Ca-alginate was constructed as a function of the concentrations of sodium alginate and CaCO3 nanoparticles. From this diagram, a critical concentration of sodium alginate required for sol-gel transformation was observed. The characteristic highly porous structure of Ca-alginate particles made by this technique appears suitable for microencapsulation applications. Finally, time scale analysis was performed for the electrodispersion processes that include reactions in the microreactor droplets to provide guidelines for the future employment of this technique. This electrodispersion reactor can be used potentially in the formation of many reaction-based microencapsulation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyan Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2100, USA
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Sakai S, Kawakami K. Synthesis and characterization of both ionically and enzymatically cross-linkable alginate. Acta Biomater 2007; 3:495-501. [PMID: 17275429 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2006.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Revised: 10/31/2006] [Accepted: 12/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Alginate with phenol moieties in the polymer side chains was synthesized through the conjugation reaction of alginate and tyramine. Immersing an aqueous solution of the alginate containing horseradish peroxidase into a solution containing H(2)O(2) caused the solution to gel via peroxidase-catalyzed oxidative coupling of the phenols. In addition, alginate prepared under appropriate reaction conditions retained the attractive properties associated with unmodified alginate; spherical gel beads were formed by dropping an aqueous alginate solution (1.0wt.%) into a solution containing calcium ions. The oxidative coupling of the phenols was effective for suppressing the destabilization of the alginate gel resulting from a loss of bonding between the divalent cations and alginate. The mechanical properties of the resultant gels were influenced by the preparation conditions of the alginate and the type of cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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Kim YS, Kim HW, Lee SH, Shin KS, Hur HW, Rhee YH. Preparation of alginate–quaternary ammonium complex beads and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2007; 41:36-41. [PMID: 17222452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2006.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2006] [Revised: 12/11/2006] [Accepted: 12/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alginate-quaternary ammonium complex beads with antimicrobial activity were prepared by the reaction of sodium alginate (SA) with 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl-octadecyldimethylammonium chloride (TSA) in acid solution, followed by crosslinking with CaCl(2). FTIR spectroscopy analysis showed that the resulting complex was formed mainly through covalent bonds between the hydroxyl groups of SA and the methoxysilyl groups of TSA. The complex beads exhibited a maximum swelling of 20% in water at 37 degrees C and were not hydrolyzed in water during experiments lasting for 30 days. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the complex beads was evaluated against four species of bacteria and fungi. The test microorganisms were completely eliminated within 20 min when treated with 5% (v/v) complex beads, which showed a wide spectrum of excellent antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity of the complex beads was retained after 10 cycles of washing and drying. The present results indicate that these SA-TSA complex beads are a new type of insoluble cationic polymer that can kill or remove microorganisms in water by mere contact without releasing the reactive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Seok Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
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41
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Olmez SS, Korkusuz P, Bilgili H, Senel S. Chitosan and alginate scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration. Pharmazie 2007; 62:423-31. [PMID: 17663189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric scaffold for tissue regeneration was developed for veterinary applications. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC), which is a widely used antibiotic in veterinary medicine was chosen as the model compound. Gel formulations using chitosan and alginate were prepared in distilled water or in 1% (v/v) acetic acid solution. Sponges were also prepared by a freeze-drying process. Tripolyphosphate was used for cross-linking. Viscosity was decreased in the presence of OTC in chitosan gels whereas no difference was found with alginate gels. All gels showed pseudoplastic behaviour. Water absorption capacity was highest with chitosan/alginate sponges. The solvent used for preparation of the chitosan gels was found to affect the release of OTC. The release of OTC from the sponges was increased by cross-linking. Chitosan/alginate sponges showed the slowest and lowest drug release among the developed sponge formulations in this study. The formulations were found to be biocompatible, inducing no adverse reaction in vivo on surgically formed bone defects of radius of rabbits. The level of organization of the remodelled new bone in the treatment groups was better than that of control. Incorporation of OTC into formulations did not show any considerable enhancing effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Olmez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Turkey
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42
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Kawaguchi M, Fukushima T, Hayakawa T, Nakashima N, Inoue Y, Takeda S, Okamura K, Taniguchi K. Preparation of carbon nanotube-alginate nanocomposite gel for tissue engineering. Dent Mater J 2007; 25:719-25. [PMID: 17338306 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.25.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel scaffold material based on an alginate hydrogel which contained carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was prepared, and its mechanical property and biocompatibility evaluated. Soluble CNTs were prepared with acid treatment and dispersed in sodium alginate solution as a cross-linker. After which, the mechanical property (elastic deformation), saline sorption, histological reaction, and cell viability of the resultant nanocomposite gel (CNT-Alg gel) were evaluated. The CNT-Alg gel showed faster gelling and higher mechanical strength than the conventional alginate gel. Saline sorption amount of freeze-dried CNT-Alg gel was equal to that of the alginate gel. In terms of histological evaluation and cell viability assay, CNT-Alg gel exhibited a mild inflammatory response and non-cytotoxicity. These results thus suggested that CNT-Alg gel could be useful as a scaffold material in tissue engineering with the sidewalls of CNTs acting as active sites for chemical functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Kawaguchi
- Bioengineering Section, Department of Dental Engineering, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
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Abstract
Microscale hydrogels of controlled sizes and shapes are useful for cell-based screening, in vitro diagnostics, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. However, the rapid cross-linking of many chemically and pH cross-linkable hydrogel materials prevents the application of existing micromolding techniques. In this work we present a method for fabricating micromolded calcium alginate and chitosan structures through controlled release of the gelling agent from a hydrogel mold. Replica molding was employed to generate patterned membranes, whereas microtransfer molding was used to produce microparticles of controlled shapes. To explore the viability of this technique for producing complex tissue engineering micro-architectures, this approach was used to generate cell-laden size- and shape-controlled 3D microgels as well as composite hydrogels with well-defined spatially segregated regions. In addition, shape-controlled microstructures that can exhibit differential release properties were loaded with macromolecules to verify the potential of this approach for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Talei Franzesi
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Huang KS, Lai TH, Lin YC. Manipulating the generation of Ca-alginate microspheres using microfluidic channels as a carrier of gold nanoparticles. Lab Chip 2006; 6:954-7. [PMID: 16804602 DOI: 10.1039/b606424h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper the manipulation of Ca-alginate microspheres, using a microfluidic chip, for the encapsulation of gold nanoparticles is presented. Our strategy is based on hydrodynamic-focusing on the forming of a series of self-assembling sphere structures, the so-called water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions, in the cross-junction microchannel. These fine emulsions, consisting of aqueous Na-alginates, are then dripped into a solution of 20% calcium salt to accomplish Ca-alginate microspheres in an efficient manner. Experimental data show that microspheres with diameters ranging from 50 microm to 2000 microm with a variation less than 5% were precisely generated. The size and gap of the droplets are tunable by adjusting the relative sheath/sample flow rate ratio. Furthermore, we applied them to encapsulated gold nanoparticles, and this one shot operation performs the 'Lab on a Chip'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Shiang Huang
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, 701 Tainan, Taiwan
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Silva CM, Ribeiro AJ, Figueiredo M, Ferreira D, Veiga F. Microencapsulation of hemoglobin in chitosan-coated alginate microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation. AAPS J 2006; 7:E903-13. [PMID: 16594643 PMCID: PMC2750960 DOI: 10.1208/aapsj070488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan-coated alginate microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation were chosen as carriers for a model protein, hemoglobin (Hb), owing to nontoxicity of the polymers and mild conditions of the method. The influence of process variables related to the emulsification step and microsphere recovering and formulation variables, such as alginate gelation and chitosan coating, on the size distribution and encapsulation efficiency was studied. The effect of microsphere coating as well its drying procedure on the Hb release profile was also evaluated. Chitosan coating was applied by either a continuous microencapsulation procedure or a 2-stage coating process. Microspheres with a mean diameter of less than 30 microm and an encapsulation efficiency above 90% were obtained. Calcium alginate cross-linking was optimized by using an acid/CaCO(3) molar ratio of 2.5, and microsphere-recovery with acetate buffer led to higher encapsulation efficiency. Hb release in gastric fluid was minimal for air-dried microspheres. Coating effect revealed a total release of 27% for 2-stage coated wet microspheres, while other formulations showed an Hb release above 50%. Lyophilized microspheres behaved similar to wet microspheres, although a higher total protein release was obtained with 2-stage coating. At pH 6.8, uncoated microspheres dissolved in less than 1 hour; however, Hb release from air-dried microspheres was incomplete. Chitosan coating decreased the release rate of Hb, but an incomplete release was obtained. The 2-stage coated microspheres showed no burst effect, whereas the 1-stage coated microspheres permitted a higher protein release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina M. Silva
- />Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António J. Ribeiro
- />Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, North Health Sciences Superior Institute, Gandra, Paredes, Portugal
| | - Margarida Figueiredo
- />Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Domingos Ferreira
- />Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Oporto, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- />Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Adinarayana K, Jyothi B, Ellaiah P. Production of alkaline protease with immobilized cells of Bacillus subtilis PE-11 in various matrices by entrapment technique. AAPS PharmSciTech 2005; 6:E391-7. [PMID: 16353996 PMCID: PMC2750382 DOI: 10.1208/pt060348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of Bacillus subtilis PE-11 cells immobilized in various matrices, such as calcium alginate, k-Carrageenan, ployacrylamide, agar-agar, and gelatin, for the production of alkaline protease. Calcium alginate was found to be an effective and suitable matrix for higher alkaline protease productivity compared to the other matrices studied. All the matrices were selected for repeated batch fermentation. The average specific volumetric productivity with calcium alginate was 15.11 U/mL/hour, which was 79.03% higher production over the conventional free-cell fermentation. Similarly, the specific volumetric productivity by repeated batch fermentation was 13.68 U/mL/hour with k-Carrageenan, 12.44 U/mL/hour with agar-agar, 11.71 U/mL/hour with polyacrylamide, and 10.32 U/mL/hour with gelatin. In the repeated batch fermentations of the shake flasks, an optimum level of enzyme was maintained for 9 days using calcium alginate immobilized cells. From the results, it is concluded that the immobilized cells of B subtilis PE-11 in calcium alginate are more efficient for the production of alkaline protease with repeated batch fermentation. The alginate immobilized cells of B subtilis PE-11 can be proposed as an effective biocatalyst for repeated usage for maximum production of alkaline protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunamneni Adinarayana
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, 530 003 Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Bezawada Jyothi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, 530 003 Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Poluri Ellaiah
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, 530 003 Visakhapatnam, India
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Taha MO, Aiedeh KM, Al-Hiari Y, Al-Khatib H. Synthesis of zinc-crosslinked thiolated alginic acid beads and their in vitro evaluation as potential enteric delivery system with folic acid as model drug. Pharmazie 2005; 60:736-42. [PMID: 16259119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the potential of synthetic modifications of alginic acid as a method to enhance the stability of its complexes with divalent cations under physiological conditions. A fraction of algin's carboxylic acid moieties was substituted with thiol groups to different substitution degrees through conjugating alginate to cysteine to produce alginate-cysteine (AC) conjugates. Infrared spectrophotometry and iodometry were used to characterize the resulting polymeric conjugates in terms of structure and degree of substitution. Moreover, zinc ions were used to crosslink the resulting AC polymers. Folic acid loaded beads were prepared from Zinc-crosslinked AC polymers (AC-Zn) of different cysteine substitution degrees. The generated beads were then investigated in vitro for their capacity to modify folic acid release. AC-Zn polymeric beads resisted drug release under acidic conditions (pH 1.0). However, upon transfer to a phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) they released most of their contents almost immediately. This change in drug release behavior is most probably due to the sequestering of zinc cations by phosphate ions within the buffer solution to form insoluble chelates and, to a lesser extent, the ionization of the carboxylic acid and thiol moieties. Removal of zinc ions from the polymeric matrix seems to promote polymeric disintegration and subsequent drug release. A similar behavior is expected in vivo due to the presence of natural zinc sequestering agents in the intestinal fluids. AC-Zn polymers provided a novel approach for enteric drug delivery as drug release from these matrices complied with the USP specifications for enteric dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Taha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
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Sankalia MG, Mashru RC, Sankalia JM, Sutariya VB. Papain entrapment in alginate beads for stability improvement and site-specific delivery: physicochemical characterization and factorial optimization using neural network modeling. AAPS PharmSciTech 2005; 6:E209-22. [PMID: 16353980 PMCID: PMC2750534 DOI: 10.1208/pt060231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This work examines the influence of various process parameters (like sodium alginate concentration, calcium chloride concentration, and hardening time) on papain entrapped in ionotropically cross-linked alginate beads for stability improvement and site-specific delivery to the small intestine using neural network modeling. A 3(3) full-factorial design and feed-forward neural network with multilayer perceptron was used to investigate the effect of process variables on percentage of entrapment, time required for 50% and 90% of the enzyme release, particle size, and angle of repose. Topographical characterization was conducted by scanning electron microscopy, and entrapment was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Times required for 50% (T(50)) and 90% (T(90)) of enzyme release were increased in all 3 of the process variables. Percentage entrapment and particle size were found to be directly proportional to sodium alginate concentration and inversely proportional to calcium chloride concentration and hardening time, whereas angle of repose and degree of cross-linking showed exactly opposite proportionality. Beads with >90% entrapment and T(50) of <10 minutes could be obtained at the low levels of all 3 of the process variables. The inability of beads to dissolve in acidic environment, with complete dissolution in buffer of pH >or=6.8, showed the suitability of beads to release papain into the small intestine. The shelf-life of the capsules prepared using the papain-loaded alginate beads was found to be 3.60 years compared with 1.01 years of the marketed formulation. It can be inferred from the above results that the proposed methodology can be used to prepare papain-loaded alginate beads for stability improvement and site-specific delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur G. Sankalia
- Center of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Fatehgunj, 390 002 Vadodara, Gujarat India
| | - Rajshree C. Mashru
- Center of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Fatehgunj, 390 002 Vadodara, Gujarat India
| | - Jolly M. Sankalia
- Center of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Fatehgunj, 390 002 Vadodara, Gujarat India
| | - Vijay B. Sutariya
- Center of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Fatehgunj, 390 002 Vadodara, Gujarat India
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Del Gaudio P, Colombo P, Colombo G, Russo P, Sonvico F. Mechanisms of formation and disintegration of alginate beads obtained by prilling. Int J Pharm 2005; 302:1-9. [PMID: 16102925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2004] [Revised: 05/04/2005] [Accepted: 05/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, compendial sodium alginate beads have been manufactured by laminar jet break-up technology. The effect of polymer concentration, viscosity and polymeric solution flow rate on the characteristics of beads was studied. Size distribution of alginate beads in the hydrated state was strongly dependent on the flow rate and viscosity of polymer solutions, since a transition from laminar jet break-up conditions to vibration-assisted dripping was observed. The re-hydration kinetics of dried beads in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) showed that the maximum swelling of beads was reached after 1-2 h, with an increase in volume of two to three times and a time lag dependent on the polymer concentration. The re-hydration swelling profiles in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) showed no time lag and higher swelling volume; moreover, in this medium after the maximum swelling was reached, the bead structure was quickly disaggregated because of the presence in the medium of phosphate able to capture calcium ions present in the alginate gel structure.
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Donati I, Draget KI, Borgogna M, Paoletti S, Skjåk-Braek G. Tailor-made alginate bearing galactose moieties on mannuronic residues: selective modification achieved by a chemoenzymatic strategy. Biomacromolecules 2005; 6:88-98. [PMID: 15638508 DOI: 10.1021/bm040053z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
1-Amino-1-deoxygalactose (12%, mole) has been chemically introduced on a mannuronan sample via an N-glycosidic bond involving the uronic group of the mannuronic acid (M) residues. The unsubstituted M residues in the modified polymer were converted into guluronic moieties (G) by the use of two C-5 epimerases, resulting in an alginate-like molecule selectively modified on M residues. The molecular details of the newly formed polymer, in terms of both composition and molecular dimensions, were disclosed by use of (1)H NMR, intrinsic viscosity, and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography-multiple-angle laser light scattering (HPSEC-MALLS). Circular dichroism has revealed that the modified alginate-like polymer obtained after epimerization was able to bind calcium due to the introduction of alternating and homopolymeric G sequences. The gel-forming ability of this M-selectively modified material was tested and compared with an alginate sample containing 14% galactose introduced on G residues. Mechanical spectroscopy pointed out that the modified epimerized material was able to form stable gels and that the kinetics of the gel formation was similar to that of the unsubstituted sample. In contrast, the G-modified alginate samples showed a slower gel formation, eventually leading to gel characterized by a reduced storage modulus. The advantage of the selective modification on M residues was confirmed by measuring the Young's modulus of gel cylinders of the different samples. Furthermore, due to the high content in alternating sequences, a marked syneresis was disclosed for the modified-epimerized sample. Finally, calcium beads obtained from selectively M-modified alginate showed a higher stability than those from the G-modified alginate, as evaluated upon treatment with nongelling ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Donati
- Institute of Biotechnology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands vei 6-8, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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