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Comparative analysis of goitrogenic effects of phenylthiourea and methimazole in zebrafish embryos. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 57:10-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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52
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Bhat IA, Rather MA, Saha R, Ganie PA, Sharma R. Identification and Expression Analysis of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor (TSHR) in Fish Gonads Following LHRH Treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-015-0640-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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53
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Patiño R, Carr JA. Introduction to Special Issue: Disruption of thyroid, sex steroid, and adrenal hormone systems and their crosstalk in aquatic wildlife. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 219:1-5. [PMID: 26031188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reynaldo Patiño
- U.S. Geological Survey, Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and Departments of Natural Resources Management and Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2120, USA
| | - James A Carr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
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54
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Yu L, Han Z, Liu C. A review on the effects of PBDEs on thyroid and reproduction systems in fish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 219:64-73. [PMID: 25585150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this review was to summarize and discuss the effects of Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on thyroid and reproduction systems in fish. We reviewed the evidences and mechanisms for PBDEs-induced thyroid and reproduction disruption, as well as the cross-talk between the two systems in fish. In thyroid disruption, we mainly paid attention to the effects of PBDEs on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, thyroid hormones (THs) transport and metabolism, thyroid receptors (TRs) and thyroid follicle histology. In reproduction disruption, we focused on the effects of PBDEs on steroid hormone production, expression of genes involved in steroidogenesis, and gonadal development. Despite that there is an interaction between thyroid and reproductive systems in fish, it is still remains unclear that PBDE-induced reproductive impairments are caused by direct effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) functioning or by indirect action through cross-talk between the two systems. Future studies are needed to explore the relationships between reproductive toxicity and thyroid system disruption after PBDEs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Yu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhihua Han
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEP, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China.
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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55
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Furin CG, von Hippel FA, Postlethwait JH, Buck CL, Cresko WA, O'Hara TM. Developmental timing of sodium perchlorate exposure alters angiogenesis, thyroid follicle proliferation and sexual maturation in stickleback. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 219:24-35. [PMID: 25865142 PMCID: PMC4508251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Perchlorate, a common aquatic contaminant, is well known to disrupt homeostasis of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis. This study utilizes the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) fish to determine if perchlorate exposure during certain windows of development has morphological effects on thyroid and gonads. Fish were moved from untreated water to perchlorate-contaminated water (30 and 100mg/L) starting at 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 42, 154 and 305 days post fertilization until approximately one year old. A reciprocal treatment (fish in contaminated water switched to untreated water) was conducted on the same schedule. Perchlorate exposure increased angiogenesis and follicle proliferation in thyroid tissue, delayed gonadal maturity, and skewed sex ratios toward males; effects depended on concentration and timing of exposure. This study demonstrates that perchlorate exposure beginning during the first 42 days of development has profound effects on stickleback reproductive and thyroid tissues, and by implication can impact population dynamics. Long-term exposure studies that assess contaminant effects at various stages of development provide novel information to characterize risk to aquatic organisms, to facilitate management of resources, and to determine sensitive developmental windows for further study of underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoff G Furin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA; Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 902 N. Koyukuk Dr., P.O. Box 757000, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.
| | - Frank A von Hippel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.
| | - John H Postlethwait
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1254 University of Oregon, 324 Huestis Hall, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
| | - C Loren Buck
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - William A Cresko
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, 312 Pacific Hall, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
| | - Todd M O'Hara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Alaska Fairbanks, P.O. Box 757750, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7750, USA.
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56
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Matthiessen P, Weltje L. A review of the effects of azole compounds in fish and their possible involvement in masculinization of wild fish populations. Crit Rev Toxicol 2015; 45:453-67. [PMID: 25899164 DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2015.1018409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-mediated effects in fish populations have been widely documented. Most attention has been focused on feminization caused by estrogenic substances, but this paper reviews evidence for the effects of a group of fungicides and pharmaceuticals, the azoles, which have been reported to cause masculinization in fish. The paper considers information from laboratory studies on the effects of azole compounds on fish endocrinology, and on the potential existence of such effects in wild fish. The occurrence of some azoles in effluents and surface waters has also been briefly reviewed. Under laboratory conditions, many azoles are able to cause masculinization or defeminization in fish by inhibition of the P450 enzyme aromatase (CYP19). However, in no case where such effects have been observed in the field has a link been established with this group of substances. In most instances, other more convincing explanations have been proposed. Peak concentrations of some azoles in surface waters can approach those which, under continuous long-term exposure in the laboratory, might lead to some aromatase inhibition. However, available data on exposure and effects provide reassurance that the concentrations of azoles found in surface waters are too low to cause adverse effects in fish by interference with their endocrine system. Compared to the widespread observations of feminization and estrogenic effects in (male) fish, there are relatively few papers describing masculinization or defeminization in (female) wild fish populations, suggesting that this is quite a rare phenomenon. The significance of this result is emphasized by the fact that fish are among the best studied organisms in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Matthiessen
- Independent Consultant in Ecotoxicology, Old School House , Brow Edge, Backbarrow, Ulverston, Cumbria , UK
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57
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Petersen AM, Dillon D, Bernhardt RR, Torunsky R, Postlethwait JH, von Hippel FA, Loren Buck C, Cresko WA. Perchlorate disrupts embryonic androgen synthesis and reproductive development in threespine stickleback without changing whole-body levels of thyroid hormone. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 210:130-44. [PMID: 25448260 PMCID: PMC4280913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Perchlorate, an environmental contaminant, disrupts normal functioning of the thyroid. We previously showed that perchlorate disrupts behavior and gonad development, and induces external morphological changes in a vertebrate model organism, the threespine stickleback. Whether perchlorate alters these phenotypes via a thyroid-mediated mechanism, and the extent to which the effects depend on dose, are unknown. To address these questions, we chronically exposed stickleback to control conditions and to three concentrations of perchlorate (10, 30 and 100ppm) at various developmental stages from fertilization to reproductive maturity. Adults chronically exposed to perchlorate had increased numbers of thyroid follicles and decreased numbers of thyrocytes. Surprisingly, T4 and T3 levels in larval, juvenile, and adult whole fish chronically exposed to perchlorate did not differ from controls, except at the lowest perchlorate dose, suggesting a non-monotonic dose response curve. We found no detectable abnormalities in external phenotype at any dose of perchlorate, indicating that the increased number of thyroid follicles compensated for the disruptive effects of these doses. In contrast to external morphology, gonadal development was altered substantially, with the highest dose of perchlorate causing the largest effects. Perchlorate increased the number both of early stage ovarian follicles in females and of advanced spermatogenic stages in males. Perchlorate also disrupted embryonic androgen levels. We conclude that chronic perchlorate exposure may not result in lasting adult gross morphological changes but can produce lasting modifications to gonads when compensation of T3 and T4 levels occurs by thyroid follicle hyperplasia. Perchlorate may therefore affect vertebrate development via both thyroidal and non-thyroidal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M Petersen
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Danielle Dillon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - Richard R Bernhardt
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - Roberta Torunsky
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - John H Postlethwait
- Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Frank A von Hippel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - C Loren Buck
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - William A Cresko
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
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58
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Duarte-Guterman P, Navarro-Martín L, Trudeau VL. Mechanisms of crosstalk between endocrine systems: regulation of sex steroid hormone synthesis and action by thyroid hormones. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 203:69-85. [PMID: 24685768 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs) are well-known regulators of development and metabolism in vertebrates. There is increasing evidence that THs are also involved in gonadal differentiation and reproductive function. Changes in TH status affect sex ratios in developing fish and frogs and reproduction (e.g., fertility), hormone levels, and gonad morphology in adults of species of different vertebrates. In this review, we have summarized and compared the evidence for cross-talk between the steroid hormone and thyroid axes and present a comparative model. We gave special attention to TH regulation of sex steroid synthesis and action in both the brain and gonad, since these are important for gonad development and brain sexual differentiation and have been studied in many species. We also reviewed research showing that there is a TH system, including receptors and enzymes, in the brains and gonads in developing and adult vertebrates. Our analysis shows that THs influences sex steroid hormone synthesis in vertebrates, ranging from fish to pigs. This concept of crosstalk and conserved hormone interaction has implications for our understanding of the role of THs in reproduction, and how these processes may be dysregulated by environmental endocrine disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Duarte-Guterman
- Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Laia Navarro-Martín
- Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vance L Trudeau
- Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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59
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Jenkins JA, Olivier HM, Draugelis-Dale RO, Eilts BE, Torres L, Patiño R, Nilsen E, Goodbred SL. Assessing reproductive and endocrine parameters in male largescale suckers (Catostomus macrocheilus) along a contaminant gradient in the lower Columbia River, USA. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 484:365-378. [PMID: 24182618 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organochlorine pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are stable, bioaccumulative, and widely found in the environment, wildlife, and the human population. To explore the hypothesis that reproduction in male fish is associated with environmental exposures in the lower Columbia River (LCR), reproductive and endocrine parameters were studied in male resident, non-anadromous largescale sucker (Catostomus macrocheilus) (LSS) in the same habitats as anadromous salmonids having conservation status. Testes, thyroid tissue and plasma collected in 2010 from Longview (LV), Columbia City (CC), and Skamania (SK; reference) were studied. Sperm morphologies and thyrocyte heights were measured by light microscopy, sperm motilities by computer-assisted sperm motion analysis, sperm adenosine triphosphate (ATP) with luciferase, and plasma vitellogenin (VTG), thyroxine (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3) by immunoassay. Sperm apoptosis, viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, nuclear DNA fragmentation, and reproductive stage were measured by flow cytometry. Sperm quality parameters (except counts) and VTG were significantly different among sites, with correlations between VTG and 7 sperm parameters. Thyrocyte heights, T4, T3, gonadosomatic index and Fulton's condition factor differed among sites, but not significantly. Sperm quality was significantly lower and VTG higher where liver contaminants and water estrogen equivalents were highest (LV site). Total PCBs (specifically PCB-138, -146, -151, -170, -174, -177, -180, -183, -187, -194, and -206) and total PBDEs (specifically BDE-47, -100, -153, and -154) were negatively correlated with sperm motility. PCB-206 and BDE-154 were positively correlated with DNA fragmentation, and pentachloroanisole and VTG were positively correlated with sperm apoptosis and negatively correlated with ATP. BDE-99 was positively correlated with sperm counts and motility; T4 was negatively correlated with counts and positively correlated with motility, thus indicating possible androgenic mechanisms and thyroid endocrine disruption. Male LSS proved to be an informative model for studying reproductive and endocrine biomarkers in the LCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Jenkins
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center, 700 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70506, USA.
| | - H M Olivier
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center, 700 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70506, USA
| | - R O Draugelis-Dale
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center, 700 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70506, USA
| | - B E Eilts
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - L Torres
- Department of Biological Sciences and Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131, USA
| | - R Patiño
- U.S. Geological Survey, Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Unit, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2120, USA; Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2120, USA
| | - E Nilsen
- U.S. Geological Survey, Oregon Water Science Center, 2130 S.W. 5th Avenue, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - S L Goodbred
- U.S. Geological Survey (Emeritus), High Point, NC 27262, USA
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60
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Johnson LL, Anulacion BF, Arkoosh MR, Burrows DG, da Silva DA, Dietrich JP, Myers MS, Spromberg J, Ylitalo GM. Effects of Legacy Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Fish—Current and Future Challenges. FISH PHYSIOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-398254-4.00002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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