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Sabra M, Karbasiafshar C, Aboulgheit A, Raj S, Abid MR, Sellke FW. Clinical Application of Novel Therapies for Coronary Angiogenesis: Overview, Challenges, and Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3722. [PMID: 33918396 PMCID: PMC8038234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases continue to be the leading cause of death worldwide, with ischemic heart disease as the most significant contributor. Pharmacological and surgical interventions have improved clinical outcomes, but are unable to ameliorate advanced stages of end-heart failure. Successful preclinical studies of new therapeutic modalities aimed at revascularization have shown short lasting to no effects in the clinical practice. This lack of success may be attributed to current challenges in patient selection, endpoint measurements, comorbidities, and delivery systems. Although challenges remain, the field of therapeutic angiogenesis is evolving, as novel strategies and bioengineering approaches emerge to optimize delivery and efficacy. Here, we describe the structure, vascularization, and regulation of the vascular system with particular attention to the endothelium. We proceed to discuss preclinical and clinical findings and present challenges and future prospects in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sabra
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (M.S.); (C.K.); (A.A.); ; (M.R.A.)
| | - Catherine Karbasiafshar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (M.S.); (C.K.); (A.A.); ; (M.R.A.)
| | - Ahmed Aboulgheit
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (M.S.); (C.K.); (A.A.); ; (M.R.A.)
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA;
| | - Sidharth Raj
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA;
| | - M. Ruhul Abid
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (M.S.); (C.K.); (A.A.); ; (M.R.A.)
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA;
| | - Frank W. Sellke
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (M.S.); (C.K.); (A.A.); ; (M.R.A.)
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA;
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Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Zhang L, Liu L, Cao Y, Ran H, Tian J. A non-invasive nanoparticles for multimodal imaging of ischemic myocardium in rats. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:82. [PMID: 33752679 PMCID: PMC7986298 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00822-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and imposes a serious economic load. Thus, it is crucial to perform a timely and accurate diagnosis and monitoring in the early stage of myocardial ischemia. Currently, nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising tools for multimodal imaging, because of their advantages of non-invasion, high-safety, and real-time dynamic imaging, providing valuable information for the diagnosis of heart diseases. RESULTS In this study, we prepared a targeted nanoprobe (termed IMTP-Fe3O4-PFH NPs) with enhanced ultrasound (US), photoacoustic (PA), and magnetic resonance (MR) performance for direct and non-invasive visual imaging of ischemic myocardium in a rat model. This successfully designed nanoprobe had excellent properties such as nanoscale size, good stability, phase transformation by acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV), and favorable safety profile. Besides, it realized obvious targeting performance toward hypoxia-injured cells as well as model rat hearts. After injection of NPs through the tail vein of model rats, in vivo imaging results showed a significantly enhanced US/PA/MR signal, well indicating the remarkable feasibility of nanoprobe to distinguish the ischemic myocardium. CONCLUSIONS IMTP-Fe3O4-PFH NPs may be a promising nanoplatform for early detection of ischemic myocardium and targeted treatment under visualization for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiajing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingjuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Cao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Ran
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.
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53
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Extracellular Vesicle-Based Therapeutics for Heart Repair. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030570. [PMID: 33668836 PMCID: PMC7996323 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are constituted by a group of heterogeneous membrane vesicles secreted by most cell types that play a crucial role in cell–cell communication. In recent years, EVs have been postulated as a relevant novel therapeutic option for cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI), partially outperforming cell therapy. EVs may present several desirable features, such as no tumorigenicity, low immunogenic potential, high stability, and fine cardiac reparative efficacy. Furthermore, the natural origin of EVs makes them exceptional vehicles for drug delivery. EVs may overcome many of the limitations associated with current drug delivery systems (DDS), as they can travel long distances in body fluids, cross biological barriers, and deliver their cargo to recipient cells, among others. Here, we provide an overview of the most recent discoveries regarding the therapeutic potential of EVs for addressing cardiac damage after MI. In addition, we review the use of bioengineered EVs for targeted cardiac delivery and present some recent advances for exploiting EVs as DDS. Finally, we also discuss some of the most crucial aspects that should be addressed before a widespread translation to the clinical arena.
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Sullivan HL, Gianneschi NC, Christman KL. Targeted nanoscale therapeutics for myocardial infarction. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1204-1216. [PMID: 33367371 PMCID: PMC7932032 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01677b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale therapeutics have promise for the administration of therapeutic small molecules and biologics to the heart following myocardial infarction. Directed delivery to the infarcted region of the heart using minimally invasive routes is critical to this promise. In this review, we will discuss the advances and design considerations for two nanoscale therapeutics engineered to target the infarcted heart, nanoparticles and adeno-associated viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly L Sullivan
- Department of Bioengineering and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative, Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA.
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55
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Dang Y, Gao N, Niu H, Guan Y, Fan Z, Guan J. Targeted Delivery of a Matrix Metalloproteinases-2 Specific Inhibitor Using Multifunctional Nanogels to Attenuate Ischemic Skeletal Muscle Degeneration and Promote Revascularization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:5907-5918. [PMID: 33506676 PMCID: PMC8007230 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a severe form of peripheral artery disease (PAD). It is featured by degenerated skeletal muscle and poor vascularization. During the development of CLI, the upregulated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) degrades muscle extracellular matrix to initiate the degeneration. Meanwhile, MMP-2 is necessary for blood vessel formation. It is thus hypothesized that appropriate MMP-2 bioactivity in ischemic limbs will not only attenuate muscle degeneration but also promote blood vessel formation. Herein, we developed ischemia-targeting poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based nanogels to specifically deliver an MMP-2 inhibitor CTTHWGFTLC (CTT) into ischemic limbs to tailor MMP-2 bioactivity. Besides acting as an MMP-2 inhibitor, CTT promoted endothelial cell migration under conditions mimicking the ischemic limbs. The nanogels were sensitive to the pH of ischemic tissues, allowing them to largely aggregate in the injured area. To help reduce nanogel uptake by macrophages and increase circulation time, the nanogels were cloaked with a platelet membrane. An ischemia-targeting peptide CSTSMLKA (CST) was further conjugated on the platelet membrane for targeted delivery of nanogels into the ischemic area. CTT gradually released from the nanogels for 4 weeks. The nanogels mostly accumulated in the ischemic area for 28 days. The released CTT preserved collagen in the muscle and promoted its regeneration. In addition, CTT stimulated angiogenesis. Four weeks after CLI, the blood flow and vessel density of the ischemic limbs treated with the nanogels were remarkably higher than the control groups without CTT release. These results demonstrate that the developed nanogel-based CTT release system has the potential to stimulate ischemic limb regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ning Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Hong Niu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ya Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zhaobo Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jianjun Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Abstract
Exosomes are membrane-bound nano-vehicles shed by most eukaryotic cells. Exosomes contain specific proteins and RNAs from parent cells, and they play key signaling roles in cellular development, modulation, and tissue regeneration. Attempts to isolate and modify exosomes to increase their targeting efficiency to specific tissue are still in their infancy. Here, we describe generation of exosomes from biopsy, isolation of exosomes by centrifugal ultrafiltration method, and approaches for manipulation of cardiac homing exosomes by chemical engineering for the treatment of myocardial infarction.
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57
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Riaud M, Martinez MC, Montero-Menei CN. Scaffolds and Extracellular Vesicles as a Promising Approach for Cardiac Regeneration after Myocardial Infarction. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1195. [PMID: 33317141 PMCID: PMC7763019 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies have demonstrated the regenerative potential of stem cells for cardiac repair over the past decades, but their widespread use is limited by the poor tissue integration and survival obtained. Natural or synthetic hydrogels or microcarriers, used as cell carriers, contribute to resolving, in part, the problems encountered by providing mechanical support for the cells allowing cell retention, survival and tissue integration. Moreover, hydrogels alone also possess mechanical protective properties for the ischemic heart. The combined effect of growth factors with cells and an appropriate scaffold allow a therapeutic effect on myocardial repair. Despite this, the effects obtained with cell therapy remain limited and seem to be equivalent to the effects obtained with extracellular vesicles, key actors in intercellular communication. Extracellular vesicles have cardioprotective effects which, when combined proangiogenic properties with antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory actions, make it possible to act on all the damages caused by ischemia. The evolution of biomaterial engineering allows us to envisage their association with new major players in cardiac therapy, extracellular vesicles, in order to limit undesirable effects and to envisage a transfer to the clinic. This new therapeutic approach could be associated with the release of growth factors to potentialized the beneficial effect obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody Riaud
- SOPAM, U1063, INSERM, UNIV Angers, SFR ICAT, F-49800 Angers, France;
- CRCINA, UMR 1232, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, F-49933 Angers, France
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58
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Lin Y, Anderson JD, Rahnama LMA, Gu SV, Knowlton AA. Exosomes in disease and regeneration: biological functions, diagnostics, and beneficial effects. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H1162-H1180. [PMID: 32986962 PMCID: PMC7792703 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00075.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles. They range from 30 to 150 nm in diameter and originate from intraluminal vesicles. Exosomes were first identified as the mechanism for releasing unnecessary molecules from reticulocytes as they matured to red blood cells. Since then, exosomes have been shown to be secreted by a broad spectrum of cells and play an important role in the cardiovascular system. Different stimuli are associated with increased exosome release and result in different exosome content. The release of harmful DNA and other molecules via exosomes has been proposed as a mechanism to maintain cellular homeostasis. Because exosomes contain parent cell-specific proteins on the membrane and in the cargo that is delivered to recipient cells, exosomes are potential diagnostic biomarkers of various types of diseases, including cardiovascular disease. As exosomes are readily taken up by other cells, stem cell-derived exosomes have been recognized as a potential cell-free regenerative therapy to repair not only the injured heart but other tissues as well. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the biological functions of exosomes in heart disease and tissue regeneration. Therefore, state-of-the-art methods for exosome isolation and characterization, as well as approaches to assess exosome functional properties, are reviewed. Investigation of exosomes provides a new approach to the study of disease and biological processes. Exosomes provide a potential "liquid biopsy," as they are present in most, if not all, biological fluids that are released by a wide range of cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lin
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | | | - Lily M A Rahnama
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Shenwen V Gu
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Anne A Knowlton
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
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59
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Kulkarni P, Rawtani D, Kumar M, Lahoti SR. Cardiovascular drug delivery: A review on the recent advancements in nanocarrier based drug delivery with a brief emphasis on the novel use of magnetoliposomes and extracellular vesicles and ongoing clinical trial research. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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60
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Yang Q, Fang J, Lei Z, Sluijter JPG, Schiffelers R. Repairing the heart: State-of the art delivery strategies for biological therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 160:1-18. [PMID: 33039498 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. It is caused by an acute imbalance between oxygen supply and demand in the myocardium, usually caused by an obstruction in the coronary arteries. The conventional therapy is based on the application of (a combination of) anti-thrombotics, reperfusion strategies to open the occluded artery, stents and bypass surgery. However, numerous patients cannot fully recover after these interventions. In this context, new therapeutic methods are explored. Three decades ago, the first biologicals were tested to improve cardiac regeneration. Angiogenic proteins gained popularity as potential therapeutics. This is not straightforward as proteins are delicate molecules that in order to have a reasonably long time of activity need to be stabilized and released in a controlled fashion requiring advanced delivery systems. To ensure long-term expression, DNA vectors-encoding for therapeutic proteins have been developed. Here, the nuclear membrane proved to be a formidable barrier for efficient expression. Moreover, the development of delivery systems that can ensure entry in the target cell, and also correct intracellular trafficking towards the nucleus are essential. The recent introduction of mRNA as a therapeutic entity has provided an attractive intermediate: prolonged but transient expression from a cytoplasmic site of action. However, protection of the sensitive mRNA and correct delivery within the cell remains a challenge. This review focuses on the application of synthetic delivery systems that target the myocardium to stimulate cardiac repair using proteins, DNA or RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangbing Yang
- Division LAB, CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Juntao Fang
- Division Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Zhiyong Lei
- Division LAB, CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Division Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Division Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, Circulatory Health Laboratory, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond Schiffelers
- Division LAB, CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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61
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Huang C, Neupane YR, Lim XC, Shekhani R, Czarny B, Wacker MG, Pastorin G, Wang JW. Extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular disease. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 103:47-95. [PMID: 34229852 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a group of heterogeneous nanosized cell-derived vesicles, have attracted great interest as liquid biopsy material for biomarker discovery in a variety of diseases including cardiovascular disease. Because EVs inherit bioactive components from parent cells and are able to transfer their contents to recipient cells, EVs hold great promise as potential cell-free therapeutics and drug delivery systems. However, the development of EV-based diagnostics, therapeutics or drug delivery systems has been challenging due to the heterogenicity of EVs in biogenesis, size and cellular origin, the lack of standardized isolation and purification methods as well as the low production yield. In this review, we will provide an overview of the recent advances in EV-based biomarker discovery, highlight the potential usefulness of EVs and EV mimetics for therapeutic treatment and drug delivery in cardiovascular disease. In view of the fast development in this field, we will also discuss the challenges of current methodologies for isolation, purification and fabrication of EVs and potential alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyuan Huang
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yub Raj Neupane
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiong Chang Lim
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rawan Shekhani
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bertrand Czarny
- School of Materials, Science and Engineering, and Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Giorgia Pastorin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiong-Wei Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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62
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Bheri S, Hoffman JR, Park HJ, Davis ME. Biomimetic nanovesicle design for cardiac tissue repair. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:1873-1896. [PMID: 32752925 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Exosome therapies are promising for cardiac repair. Exosomes transfer cargo between cells, have high uptake by native cells and are ideal natural carriers for proteins and nucleic acids. Despite their proreparative potential, exosome production is dependent on parent cell state with typically low yields and cargo variability. Therefore, there is potential value in engineering exosomes to maximize their benefits by delivering customized, potent cargo for cardiovascular disease. Here, we outline several methods of exosome engineering focusing on three important aspects: optimizing cargo, homing to target tissue and minimizing clearance. Finally, we put these methods in context of the cardiac field and discuss the future potential of vesicle design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruti Bheri
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Jessica R Hoffman
- Molecular & Systems Pharmacology Graduate Training Program, Graduate Division of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hyun-Ji Park
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Michael E Davis
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Children's Heart Research & Outcomes (HeRO) Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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63
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Qi Z, Wu D, Li M, Yan Z, Yang X, Ji N, Wang Y, Zhang J. The pluripotent role of exosomes in mediating non-coding RNA in ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Life Sci 2020; 254:117761. [PMID: 32413403 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
With the increase of an aging population and the rising incidence of cardiovascular diseases, heart failure (HF) patients are on the rise every year. Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of HF in patients among cardiovascular diseases. In clinic, patients with MI are often assessed by biochemical indicators, electrocardiography, brain natriuretic peptide levels, myocardial enzymology, echocardiography and other means to predict the occurrence of HF and ventricular remodeling (VR). But there is still a lack of more accurate evaluation. VR is the basic mechanism of HF. In recent years, the molecular mechanism of VR has been studied mainly from the aspects of myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, myocardial energy disorder, apoptosis, autophagy and pyroptosis. Exosomes are considered as the main mediators of intercellular information transmission. In addition, exosomes can promote the migration and transformation of intercellular RNAs, which are highly conserved non-coding RNAs. They can mediate the process of cell proliferation and differentiation of the target cell membrane. Exosomes have protective effects on VR after MI by inhibiting fibrosis, promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting inflammation and pyroptosis. We reviewed the specific protective mechanisms of exosomes for VR after MI. In addition, we discussed the formation of targeted exosomes and the role of non-coding RNAs in VR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwen Qi
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300183, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Meng Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300183, China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xiaoya Yang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Nan Ji
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yueyao Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300183, China.
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64
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Prakash A, Crespo-Avilan GE, Hernandez-Resendiz S, Ong SG, Hausenloy DJ. Extracellular vesicles - mediating and delivering cardioprotection in acute myocardial infarction and heart failure. CONDITIONING MEDICINE 2020; 3:227-238. [PMID: 34296067 PMCID: PMC8294590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
New treatments are urgently needed to reduce myocardial infarct size and prevent adverse post-infarct left ventricular remodeling, in order to preserve cardiac function, and prevent the onset of heart failure in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this regard, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key mediators of cardioprotection. Endogenously produced EVs are known to play crucial roles in maintaining normal cardiac homeostasis and function, by acting as mediators of intercellular communication between different types of cardiac cells. Endogenous EVs have also been shown to contribute to innate cardioprotective strategies such as remote ischemic conditioning. In terms of EV-based therapeutics, stem cell-derived EVs have been shown to confer cardioprotection in a large number of small and large animal AMI models, and have the therapeutic potential to be applied in the clinical setting for the benefit of AMI patients, although several challenges need to be overcome. Finally, EVs may be used as vehicles to deliver therapeutics to the infarcted heart, providing a potential synergist approach to cardioprotection. In this review article, we highlight the various roles that EVs play as mediators and deliverers of cardioprotection, and discuss their therapeutic potential for improving clinical outcomes following AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Prakash
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorder Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Gustavo E. Crespo-Avilan
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorder Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Justus Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sauri Hernandez-Resendiz
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorder Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnologia-FEMSA, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Sang-Ging Ong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Derek J. Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorder Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taiwan
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65
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Fan C, Joshi J, Li F, Xu B, Khan M, Yang J, Zhu W. Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery for Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:687. [PMID: 32671049 PMCID: PMC7326780 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The regenerative capacity of an adult cardiac tissue is insufficient to repair the massive loss of heart tissue, particularly cardiomyocytes (CMs), following ischemia or other catastrophic myocardial injuries. The delivery methods of therapeutics agents, such as small molecules, growth factors, exosomes, cells, and engineered tissues have significantly advanced in medical science. Furthermore, with the controlled release characteristics, nanoparticle (NP) systems carrying drugs are promising in enhancing the cardioprotective potential of drugs in patients with cardiac ischemic events. NPs can provide sustained exposure precisely to the infarcted heart via direct intramyocardial injection or intravenous injection with active targets. In this review, we present the recent advances and challenges of different types of NPs loaded with agents for the repair of myocardial infarcted heart tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jyotsna Joshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jinfu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wuqiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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66
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Xu H, Cao B, Li Y, Mao C. Phage nanofibers in nanomedicine: Biopanning for early diagnosis, targeted therapy, and proteomics analysis. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 12:e1623. [PMID: 32147974 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Display of a peptide or protein of interest on the filamentous phage (also known as bacteriophage), a biological nanofiber, has opened a new route for disease diagnosis and therapy as well as proteomics. Earlier phage display was widely used in protein-protein or antigen-antibody studies. In recent years, its application in nanomedicine is becoming increasingly popular and encouraging. We aim to review the current status in this research direction. For better understanding, we start with a brief introduction of basic biology and structure of the filamentous phage. We present the principle of phage display and library construction method on the basis of the filamentous phage. We summarize the use of the phage displayed peptide library for selecting peptides with high affinity against cells or tissues. We then review the recent applications of the selected cell or tissue targeting peptides in developing new targeting probes and therapeutics to advance the early diagnosis and targeted therapy of different diseases in nanomedicine. We also discuss the integration of antibody phage display and modern proteomics in discovering new biomarkers or target proteins for disease diagnosis and therapy. Finally, we propose an outlook for further advancing the potential impact of phage display on future nanomedicine. This article is categorized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Binrui Cao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
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67
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Mentkowski KI, Lang JK. Exosomes Engineered to Express a Cardiomyocyte Binding Peptide Demonstrate Improved Cardiac Retention in Vivo. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10041. [PMID: 31296886 PMCID: PMC6624248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46407-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Injury to the heart results in cardiomyocyte cell death and can lead to pathological remodeling of remaining cells, contributing to heart failure. Despite the therapeutic potential of new drugs and small molecules, there remains a gap in the ability to efficiently deliver cardioprotective agents in a cell specific manner while minimizing nonspecific delivery to other organs. Exosomes derived from cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) have been shown to stimulate angiogenesis, induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and modulate cardiomyocyte apoptosis and hypertrophy. While innately cardioprotective at high doses, unmodified CDC-exosomes demonstrate limited cardiac tropism. To generate an efficient exosomal delivery system that can target cardiomyocytes, we engineered CDCs to express Lamp2b, an exosomal membrane protein, fused to a cardiomyocyte specific peptide (CMP), WLSEAGPVVTVRALRGTGSW. Exosomes isolated from engineered CDCs expressed CMP on their surface and retained their native physical properties. Targeted exosomes resulted in increased uptake by cardiomyocytes, decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and higher cardiac retention following intramyocardial injection when compared with non-targeted exosomes. Importantly, we established a novel targeting system to improve exosomal uptake by cardiomyocytes and laid the foundation for cell-specific exosomal delivery of drug and gene therapies to improve the functional capacity of the heart following both ischemic and non-ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle I Mentkowski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, N.Y., 14203, United States of America.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, N.Y., 14260, United States of America
| | - Jennifer K Lang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, N.Y., 14203, United States of America. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, N.Y., 14260, United States of America. .,VA WNY Healthcare System, Buffalo, N.Y., 14215, United States of America.
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68
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Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Diseases: Alternative Biomarker Sources, Therapeutic Agents, and Drug Delivery Carriers. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133272. [PMID: 31277271 PMCID: PMC6650854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The emerging role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in intercellular communication has stimulated renewed interest in exploring the potential application of EVs as tools for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in CVD. The ubiquitous nature of EVs in biological fluids presents a technological advantage compared to current diagnostic tools by virtue of their notable stability. EV contents, such as proteins and microRNAs, represent specific signatures of cellular activation or injury. This feature positions EVs as an alternative source of biomarkers. Furthermore, their intrinsic activity and immunomodulatory properties offer EVs unique opportunities to act as therapeutic agents per se or to serve as drug delivery carriers by acting as miniaturized vehicles incorporating bioactive molecules. In this article, we aim to review the recent advances and applications of EV-based biomarkers and therapeutics. In addition, the potential of EVs as a drug delivery and theranostic platform for CVD will also be discussed.
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69
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Cao B, Li Y, Yang T, Bao Q, Yang M, Mao C. Bacteriophage-based biomaterials for tissue regeneration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 145:73-95. [PMID: 30452949 PMCID: PMC6522342 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriophage, also called phage, is a human-safe bacteria-specific virus. It is a monodisperse biological nanostructure made of proteins (forming the outside surface) and nucleic acids (encased in the protein capsid). Among different types of phages, filamentous phages have received great attention in tissue regeneration research due to their unique nanofiber-like morphology. They can be produced in an error-free format, self-assemble into ordered scaffolds, display multiple signaling peptides site-specifically, and serve as a platform for identifying novel signaling or homing peptides. They can direct stem cell differentiation into specific cell types when they are organized into proper patterns or display suitable peptides. These unusual features have allowed scientists to employ them to regenerate a variety of tissues, including bone, nerves, cartilage, skin, and heart. This review will summarize the progress in the field of phage-based tissue regeneration and the future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binrui Cao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Qing Bao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Mingying Yang
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China.
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70
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Lenhard SC, McAlexander A, Virtue A, Fieles W, Skedzielewski T, Rambo M, Trinh H, Cheng SH, Hong H, Isidro-Llobet A, Nadin A, Geske R, Klein JL, Lee D, Jucker BM, Hu E. In Vivo Imaging of Small Molecular Weight Peptides for Targeted Renal Drug Delivery: A Study in Normal and Polycystic Kidney Diseased Mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:786-795. [PMID: 30936291 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.257022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Lenhard
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Allen McAlexander
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony Virtue
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - William Fieles
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Tina Skedzielewski
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary Rambo
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Han Trinh
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Shih-Hsun Cheng
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Hyundae Hong
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Albert Isidro-Llobet
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Alan Nadin
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert Geske
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Jean-Louis Klein
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Dennis Lee
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Beat M Jucker
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Erding Hu
- Bioimaging (S.C.L., T.S., M.R., S.-H.C., H.H., B.M.J.), Renal Discovery Group, Future Pipeline Discovery (A.V, E.H.), Experimental Cell and Tissue Biology, Target and Pathway Validation (W.F., H.T., R.G., J.-L.K.), Drug Delivery (A.M., D.L.), and Drug Design and Selection (A.I.-L., A.N.), GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
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71
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Exosome in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Complex World Full of Hope. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020166. [PMID: 30781555 PMCID: PMC6406975 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a subgroup of extracellular vesicles containing a huge number of bioactive molecules. They represent an important means of cell communication, mostly between different cell populations, with the purpose of maintaining tissue homeostasis and coordinating the adaptive response to stress. This type of intercellular communication is important in the cardiovascular field, mainly due to the fact that the heart is a complex multicellular system. Given the growing interest in the role of exosomes in cardiovascular diseases and the numerous studies published in the last few decades, we focused on the most relevant results about exosomes in the cardiovascular filed starting from their characterization, passing through the study of their function, and ending with perspectives for their use in cardiovascular therapies.
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72
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Cheng Y, Liu DZ, Zhang CX, Cui H, Liu M, Zhang BL, Mei QB, Lu ZF, Zhou SY. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant delivery for precise treatment of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury through a multistage continuous targeted strategy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 16:236-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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73
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Huang K, Hu S, Cheng K. A New Era of Cardiac Cell Therapy: Opportunities and Challenges. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801011. [PMID: 30548836 PMCID: PMC6368830 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI), caused by coronary heart disease (CHD), remains one of the most common causes of death in the United States. Over the last few decades, scientists have invested considerable resources on the study and development of cell therapies for myocardial regeneration after MI. However, due to a number of limitations, they are not yet readily available for clinical applications. Mounting evidence supports the theory that paracrine products are the main contributors to the regenerative effects attributed to these cell therapies. The next generation of cell-based MI therapies will identify and isolate cell products and derivatives, integrate them with biocompatible materials and technologies, and use them for the regeneration of damaged myocardial tissue. This review discusses the progress made thus far in pursuit of this new generation of cell therapies. Their fundamental regenerative mechanisms, their potential to combine with other therapeutic products, and their role in shaping new clinical approaches for heart tissue engineering, are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Huang
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Pharmacoengineeirng and Molecular Pharmaceutics Division, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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74
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Cardiac Targeting Peptide, a Novel Cardiac Vector: Studies in Bio-Distribution, Imaging Application, and Mechanism of Transduction. Biomolecules 2018; 8:biom8040147. [PMID: 30441852 PMCID: PMC6315548 DOI: 10.3390/biom8040147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous work identified a 12-amino acid peptide that targets the heart, termed cardiac targeting peptide (CTP). We now quantitatively assess the bio-distribution of CTP, show a clinical application with the imaging of the murine heart, and study its mechanisms of transduction. Bio-distribution studies of cyanine5.5-N-Hydroxysuccinimide (Cy5.5) labeled CTP were undertaken in wild-type mice. Cardiac targeting peptide was labeled with Technetium 99m (99mTc) using the chelator hydrazino-nicotinamide (HYNIC), and imaging performed using micro-single photon emission computerized tomography/computerized tomography (SPECT/CT). Human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMCs) were incubated with dual-labeled CTP, and imaged using confocal microscopy. TriCEPs technology was utilized to study the mechanism of transduction. Bio-distribution studies showed peak uptake of CTP at 15 min. 99mTc-HYNIC-CTP showed heart-specific uptake. Robust transduction of beating human iPSC-derived CMCs was seen. TriCEPs experiments revealed five candidate binding partners for CTP, with Kcnh5 being felt to be the most likely candidate as it showed a trend towards being competed out by siRNA knockdown. Transduction efficiency was enhanced by increasing extracellular potassium concentration, and with Quinidine, a Kcnh5 inhibitor, that blocks the channel in an open position. We demonstrate that CTP transduces the normal heart as early as 15 min. 99mTc-HYNIC-CTP targets the normal murine heart with substantially improved targeting compared with 99mTc Sestamibi. Cardiac targeting peptide's transduction ability is not species limited and has human applicability. Cardiac targeting peptide appears to utilize Kcnh5 to gain cell entry, a phenomenon that is affected by pre-treatment with Quinidine and changes in potassium levels.
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75
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Lung endothelial cell-targeted peptide-guided bFGF promotes the regeneration after radiation induced lung injury. Biomaterials 2018; 184:10-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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76
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Andrieu J, Re F, Russo L, Nicotra F. Phage-displayed peptides targeting specific tissues and organs. J Drug Target 2018; 27:555-565. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1531419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josu Andrieu
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Re
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Russo
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Nicotra
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Antes TJ, Middleton RC, Luther KM, Ijichi T, Peck KA, Liu WJ, Valle J, Echavez AK, Marbán E. Targeting extracellular vesicles to injured tissue using membrane cloaking and surface display. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:61. [PMID: 30165851 PMCID: PMC6116387 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and exosomes are nano-sized, membrane-bound vesicles shed by most eukaryotic cells studied to date. EVs play key signaling roles in cellular development, cancer metastasis, immune modulation and tissue regeneration. Attempts to modify exosomes to increase their targeting efficiency to specific tissue types are still in their infancy. Here we describe an EV membrane anchoring platform termed "cloaking" to directly embed tissue-specific antibodies or homing peptides on EV membrane surfaces ex vivo for enhanced vesicle uptake in cells of interest. The cloaking system consists of three components: DMPE phospholipid membrane anchor, polyethylene glycol spacer and a conjugated streptavidin platform molecule, to which any biotinylated molecule can be coupled for EV decoration. RESULTS We demonstrate the utility of membrane surface engineering and biodistribution tracking with this technology along with targeting EVs for enhanced uptake in cardiac fibroblasts, myoblasts and ischemic myocardium using combinations of fluorescent tags, tissue-targeting antibodies and homing peptide surface cloaks. We compare cloaking to a complementary approach, surface display, in which parental cells are engineered to secrete EVs with fusion surface targeting proteins. CONCLUSIONS EV targeting can be enhanced both by cloaking and by surface display; the former entails chemical modification of preformed EVs, while the latter requires genetic modification of the parent cells. Reduction to practice of the cloaking approach, using several different EV surface modifications to target distinct cells and tissues, supports the notion of cloaking as a platform technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis J. Antes
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Davis Building, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Ryan C. Middleton
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Davis Building, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Kristin M. Luther
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Davis Building, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Takeshi Ijichi
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Davis Building, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Kiel A. Peck
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Davis Building, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Weixin Jane Liu
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Davis Building, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Jackie Valle
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Davis Building, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Antonio K. Echavez
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Davis Building, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Davis Building, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
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Abstract
After a myocardial infarction, heart tissue becomes irreversibly damaged, leading to scar formation and inevitably ischemic heart failure. Of the many available interventions after a myocardial infarction, such as percutaneous intervention or pharmacological optimization, none can reverse the ischemic insult on the heart and restore cardiac function. Thus, the only available cure for patients with scarred myocardium is allogeneic heart transplantation, which comes with extensive costs, risks, and complications. However, multiple studies have shown that the heart is, in fact, not an end-stage organ and that there are endogenous mechanisms in place that have the potential to spark regeneration. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a potential tool to tap into and activate this endogenous framework. Particularly promising are stem cells derived from cardiac tissue itself, referred to as cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs). CDCs can be extracted and isolated from the patient's myocardium and then administered by intramyocardial injection or intracoronary infusion. After early success in the animal model, multiple clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of autologous CDC therapy in humans. Clinical trials with allogeneic CDCs showed early promising results and pose a potential "off-the-shelf" therapy for patients in the acute setting after a myocardial infarction. The mechanism responsible for CDC-induced cardiac regeneration seems to be a combination of triggering native cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruitment of endogenous progenitor cells, which most prominently occurs via paracrine effects. A further understanding of the mediators involved in paracrine signaling can help with the development of a stem cell-free therapy, with all the benefits and none of the associated complications.
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79
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Wang X, Chen Y, Zhao Z, Meng Q, Yu Y, Sun J, Yang Z, Chen Y, Li J, Ma T, Liu H, Li Z, Yang J, Shen Z. Engineered Exosomes With Ischemic Myocardium-Targeting Peptide for Targeted Therapy in Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e008737. [PMID: 30371236 PMCID: PMC6201471 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.008737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Exosomes are membranous vesicles generated by almost all cells. Recent studies demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes possessed many effects, including antiapoptosis, anti-inflammatory effects, stimulation of angiogenesis, anticardiac remodeling, and recovery of cardiac function on cardiovascular diseases. However, targeting of exosomes to recipient cells precisely in vivo still remains a problem. Ligand fragments or homing peptides discovered by phage display and in vivo biopanning methods fused to the enriched molecules on the external part of exosomes have been exploited to improve the ability of exosomes to target specific tissues or organs carrying cognate receptors. Herein, we briefly elucidated how to improve targeting ability of exosomes to ischemic myocardium. Methods and Results We used technology of molecular cloning and lentivirus packaging to engineer exosomal enriched membrane protein (Lamp2b) fused with ischemic myocardium-targeting peptide CSTSMLKAC (IMTP). In vitro results showed that IMTP-exosomes could be internalized by hypoxia-injured H9C2 cells more efficiently than blank-exosomes. Compared with blank-exosomes, IMTP-exosomes were observed to be increasingly accumulated in ischemic heart area ( P<0.05). Meanwhile, attenuated inflammation and apoptosis, reduced fibrosis, enhanced vasculogenesis, and cardiac function were detected by mesenchymal stem cell-derived IMTP-exosome treatment in ischemic heart area. Conclusions Our research concludes that exosomes engineered by IMTP can specially target ischemic myocardium, and mesenchymal stem cell-derived IMTP-exosomes exert enhanced therapeutic effects on acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yihuan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zhenao Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Qingyou Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - You Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jiacheng Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Ziying Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yueqiu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Hanghang Liu
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear MedicineSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zhen Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear MedicineSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringMolecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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80
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Martinez MD, Trac DQ, Brown ME, Maher KO, Davis ME. Identification of targeting peptides for the diagnosis of myocarditis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:787-801. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Current diagnostic tests for myocarditis are invasive and have low diagnostic value. Our aim was to identify potential targeting peptides to detect early myocarditis following intravenous delivery. Materials & methods: We used an animal model of experimental autoimmune myocarditis and a phage display library to identify potential targeting peptides. After several steps, we selected two peptides, MyH-PhD-05 and MyH-PhD-120, for in vivo screening using fluorescent imaging. Immunofluorescence and proteonomic analysis was used to identify potential cellular and molecular targets of MyH-PhD-05. Echocardiography was used to assess functional changes. Results: Peptide MyH-PhD-05 was able to detect animals with severe myocarditis even in the absence of functional changes. Immunofluorescence demonstrated that MyH-PhD-05 colocalizes with CD4+ T cells and monocytes (CD11b+) in cardiac infiltrates. Conclusion: We identified potential targeting peptides for the diagnosis of myocarditis. Future studies will focus on better identification of potential targets and translating this technology to clinically relevant imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario D Martinez
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University & Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - David Q Trac
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University & Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Milton E Brown
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University & Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kevin O Maher
- Children's Heart Research & Outcomes Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael E Davis
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University & Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Children's Heart Research & Outcomes Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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81
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Characterization of In Vivo Selected Bacteriophage for the Development of Novel Tumor-Targeting Agents with Specific Pharmacokinetics and Imaging Applications. Methods Mol Biol 2018. [PMID: 28299705 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6911-1_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Bacteriophage (phage) display technology is a powerful strategy for the identification of peptide-based tumor targeting agents for drug discovery. Phage selections performed in vitro often result in many phage clones/peptides with similar properties and often similar sequence. However, these phage and corresponding peptides are selected, validated, and characterized outside the complicated milieu of a living animal. Thus, there is no guarantee that peptides from in vitro selections will successfully meet the requirements of an in vivo targeting compound. In comparison, in vivo phage display selections have the distinct advantage of identifying phage clones with robust pharmacokinetics and tumor/tissue targeting ability. This capacity has allowed for the identification of peptides with specific in vivo localization and/or clearance profiles. However, in vivo phage display selections also have the potential to result in an array of phage clones with various and unknown targets and little to no sequence similarity. Given these shortcomings, we have developed methods to select phage peptide display libraries in living mice to identify phage (and corresponding synthesized peptides) with specific clearance and/or tumor-targeting propensity. Additionally, we describe the use of labeled phage clones for the efficient screening of selected phage/peptides to aid in the identification and characterization of a phage clone with an optimal and specific pharmacokinetic profile.
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82
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Vandergriff A, Huang K, Shen D, Hu S, Hensley MT, Caranasos TG, Qian L, Cheng K. Targeting regenerative exosomes to myocardial infarction using cardiac homing peptide. Theranostics 2018; 8:1869-1878. [PMID: 29556361 PMCID: PMC5858505 DOI: 10.7150/thno.20524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Cardiac stem cell-derived exosomes have been demonstrated to promote cardiac regeneration following myocardial infarction in preclinical studies. Recent studies have used intramyocardial injection in order to concentrate exosomes in the infarct. Though effective in a research setting, this method is not clinically appealing due to its invasive nature. We propose the use of a targeting peptide, cardiac homing peptide (CHP), to target intravenously-infused exosomes to the infarcted heart. Methods: Exosomes were conjugated with CHP through a DOPE-NHS linker. Ex vivo targeting was analyzed by incubating organ sections with the CHP exosomes and analyzing with fluorescence microscopy. In vitro assays were performed on neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cells. For the animal study, we utilized an ischemia/reperfusion rat model. Animals were treated with either saline, scramble peptide exosomes, or CHP exosomes 24 h after surgery. Echocardiography was performed 4 h after surgery and 21 d after surgery. At 21 d, animals were sacrificed, and organs were collected for analysis. Results: By conjugating the exosomes with CHP, we demonstrate increased retention of the exosomes within heart sections ex vivo and in vitro with neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. In vitro studies showed improved viability, reduced apoptosis and increased exosome uptake when using CHP-XOs. Using an animal model of ischemia/reperfusion injury, we measured the heart function, infarct size, cellular proliferation, and angiogenesis, with improved outcomes with the CHP exosomes. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate a novel method for increasing delivery of for treatment of myocardial infarction. By targeting exosomes to the infarcted heart, there was a significant improvement in outcomes with reduced fibrosis and scar size, and increased cellular proliferation and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Vandergriff
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Deliang Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Michael Taylor Hensley
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Thomas G. Caranasos
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ke Cheng
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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83
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Evaluation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of liposomes for the cell type-specific delivery of small molecule drugs. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:2565-2574. [PMID: 28754465 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Liposome-based drug formulations represent an exciting avenue of research as they increase efficacy to toxicity ratios. Current formulations rely on passive accumulation to the disease site where drug is taken up by the cells. Ligand mediated targeting increases the net accumulation of liposomes, however, an unexplored benefit is to potentially refine pharmacodynamics (PD) of a drug specifically to different cell types within diseased tissue. As a model system, we engineered cardiomyocyte- (I-1) and endothelial-targeted (B-40) liposomes to carry a VEGFR2 inhibitor (PTK787), and examined the effect of cell type-specific delivery on both pharmacokinetics (PK) and PD. Neovascularization in post-myocardial infarction was significantly reduced by B-40 liposomes loaded with PTK787 as compared to animals injected with I-1 liposomes, and profoundly more as compared to free PTK787. This study thus shows that the intraorgan targeting of drugs through cell type-specific delivery holds substantial promise towards lowering the minimal efficacious dose administered systemically.
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84
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Long-term regulation of gene expression in muscle cells by systemically delivered siRNA. J Control Release 2017; 256:101-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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85
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Ferreira MPA, Ranjan S, Correia AMR, Mäkilä EM, Kinnunen SM, Zhang H, Shahbazi MA, Almeida PV, Salonen JJ, Ruskoaho HJ, Airaksinen AJ, Hirvonen JT, Santos HA. In vitro and in vivo assessment of heart-homing porous silicon nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2016; 94:93-104. [PMID: 27107168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic heart failure, predominantly developed after myocardial infarction, is a leading cause of high mortality worldwide. As existing therapies have still limited success, natural and/or synthetic nanomaterials are emerging alternatives for the therapy of heart diseases. Therefore, we aimed to functionalize undecylenic acid thermally hydrocarbonized porous silicon nanoparticles (NPs) with different targeting peptides to improve the NP's accumulation in different cardiac cells (primary cardiomyocytes, non-myocytes, and H9c2 cardiomyoblasts), additionally to investigate the behavior of the heart-targeted NPs in vivo. The toxicity profiles of the NPs evaluated in the three heart-type cells showed low toxicity at concentrations up to 50 μg/mL. Qualitative and quantitative cellular uptake revealed a significant increase in the accumulation of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)-modified NPs in primary cardiomyocytes, non-myocytes and H9c2 cells, and in hypoxic primary cardiomyocytes and non-myocytes. Competitive uptake studies in primary cardiomyocytes showed the internalization of ANP-modified NPs takes place via the guanylate cyclase-A receptor. When a myocardial infarction rat model was induced by isoprenaline and the peptide-modified [(111)In]NPs administered intravenously, the targeting peptides, particularly peptide 2, improved the NPs' accumulation in the heart up to 3.0-fold, at 10 min. This study highlights the potential of these peptide-modified nanosystems for future applications in heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica P A Ferreira
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Sanjeev Ranjan
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexandra M R Correia
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ermei M Mäkilä
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Sini M Kinnunen
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; School of Applied Science and Engineering, Harvard University, 02138 Cambridge MA, USA
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrick V Almeida
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jarno J Salonen
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki J Ruskoaho
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu J Airaksinen
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni T Hirvonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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86
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Ongstad E, Kohl P. Fibroblast-myocyte coupling in the heart: Potential relevance for therapeutic interventions. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 91:238-46. [PMID: 26774702 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac myocyte-fibroblast electrotonic coupling is a well-established fact in vitro. Indirect evidence of its presence in vivo exists, but few functional studies have been published. This review describes the current knowledge of fibroblast-myocyte electrical signaling in the heart. Further research is needed to understand the frequency and extent of heterocellular interactions in vivo in order to gain a better understanding of their relevance in healthy and diseased myocardium. It is hoped that associated insight into myocyte-fibroblast coupling in the heart may lead to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and the development of agents for improving outcomes of myocardial scarring and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Ongstad
- Clemson University, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson, SC, USA; Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA.
| | - Peter Kohl
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Centre Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University Freiburg, Germany; Cardiac Biophysics and Systems Biology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK
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87
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Xitong D, Xiaorong Z. Targeted therapeutic delivery using engineered exosomes and its applications in cardiovascular diseases. Gene 2016; 575:377-384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Yang Y, Shi C, Hou X, Zhao Y, Chen B, Tan B, Deng Z, Li Q, Liu J, Xiao Z, Miao Q, Dai J. Modified VEGF targets the ischemic myocardium and promotes functional recovery after myocardial infarction. J Control Release 2015; 213:27-35. [PMID: 26144351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes angiogenesis and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). However, the non-targeted delivery of VEGF decreases its therapeutic efficacy due to an insufficient local concentration in the ischemic myocardium. In this study, we used a specific peptide to modify VEGF and determined that this modified VEGF (IMT-VEGF) localized to the ischemic myocardium through intravenous injection by interacting with cardiac troponin I (cTnI). When IMT-VEGF was used to mediate cardiac repair in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury, we observed a decreased scar size, enhanced angiogenesis and improved cardiac function. Moreover, an alternative treatment using the repeated administration of a low-dose IMT-VEGF also promoted angiogenesis and functional recovery. The therapeutic effects of IMT-VEGF were further confirmed in a pig model of MI as the result of the conserved properties of its interacting protein, cTnI. These results suggest a promising therapeutic strategy for MI based on the targeted delivery of IMT-VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Nanyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China; Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Nanyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chunying Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Nanyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China; Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xianglin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Nanyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China; Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Road, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Nanyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China; Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Road, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Nanyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China; Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Road, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zongwu Deng
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qingguo Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jianzhou Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Nanyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China; Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Road, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qi Miao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Nanyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China; Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Road, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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89
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Nguyen MM, Gianneschi NC, Christman KL. Developing injectable nanomaterials to repair the heart. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2015; 34:225-31. [PMID: 25863496 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Injectable nanomaterials have been designed for the treatment of myocardial infarction, particularly during the acute stages of inflammation and injury. Among these strategies, injectable nanofibrous hydrogel networks or nanoparticle complexes may be delivered alone or with a therapeutic to improve heart function. Intramyocardial delivery of these materials localizes treatments to the site of injury. As an alternative, nanoparticles may be delivered intravenously, which provides the ultimate minimally invasive approach. These systems take advantage of the leaky vasculature after myocardial infarction, and may be designed to specifically target the injured region. The translational applicability of both intramyocardial and intravenous applications may provide safe and effective solutions upon optimizing the timing of the treatments and biodistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Karen L Christman
- Department of Bioengineering and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, United States.
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90
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Lv PC, Zhu HL. EGFR-binding peptide: a patent evaluation of WO2014002836. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2014; 24:1409-11. [PMID: 25407285 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.964686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Peptide ligands have many desirable features enabling them to act as drug molecules and are valuable in the drug discovery processes because of their fewer side effects and great potential to cure diseases. In this patent, three kinds of peptide ligands with 12-50 amino acid residues were identified by phase display technology. Some of them not only could be used as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of EGFR-overexpressed cancers, but also show promising application in detecting cancer tissue or cancer cells that express the EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Lv
- Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Nanjing 210093 , People's Republic of China +86 25 8359 2672 ; +86 25 8359 2672 ; ;
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91
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Won YW, Bull DA, Kim SW. Functional polymers of gene delivery for treatment of myocardial infarct. J Control Release 2014; 195:110-9. [PMID: 25076177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is rapidly growing as the common cause of death in the world. It is a disease that occurs as a result of coronary artery stenosis and is caused by the lack of oxygen within cardiac muscles due to an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand. The conventional medical therapy is focused on the use of drug eluting stents, coronary-artery bypass graft surgery and anti-thrombosis. Gene therapy provides great opportunities for treatment of cardiovascular disease. In order for gene therapy to be successful, the development of proper gene delivery systems and hypoxia-regulated gene expression vectors is the most important factors. Several non-viral gene transfer methods have been developed to overcome the safety problems of viral transduction. Some of which include plasmids that regulate gene expression that is controlled by environment specific promoters in the transcriptional or the translational level. This review explores polymeric gene carriers that target the myocardium and hypoxia-inducible vectors, which regulate gene expression in response to hypoxia, and their application in animal myocardial infarction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Wook Won
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - David A Bull
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sung Wan Kim
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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92
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D'Onofrio N, Caraglia M, Grimaldi A, Marfella R, Servillo L, Paolisso G, Balestrieri ML. Vascular-homing peptides for targeted drug delivery and molecular imaging: meeting the clinical challenges. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1846:1-12. [PMID: 24704283 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The vasculature of each organ expresses distinct molecular signatures critically influenced by the pathological status. The heterogeneous profile of the vascular beds has been successfully unveiled by the in vivo phage display, a high-throughput tool for mapping normal, diseased, and tumor vasculature. Specific challenges of this growing field are targeted therapies against cancer and cardiovascular diseases, as well as novel bioimaging diagnostic tools. Tumor vasculature-homing peptides have been extensively evaluated in several preclinical and clinical studies both as targeted-therapy and diagnosis. To date, results from several Phase I and II trials have been reported and many other trials are currently ongoing or recruiting patients. In this review, advances in the identification of novel peptide ligands and their corresponding receptors on tumor endothelium through the in vivo phage display technology are discussed. Emphasis is given to recent findings in the clinical setting of vascular-homing peptides selected by in vivo phage display for the treatment of advanced malignancies and their altered vascular beds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Grimaldi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Servillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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93
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Powell Gray
- Department of Internal Medicine and The Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-8807, United States
| | - Kathlynn C. Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine and The Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-8807, United States
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94
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Bábíčková J, Tóthová Ľ, Boor P, Celec P. In vivo phage display--a discovery tool in molecular biomedicine. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:1247-59. [PMID: 23623852 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In vivo phage display is a high-throughput method for identifying target ligands specific for different vascular beds. Targeting is possible due to the heterogeneous expression of receptors and other antigens in a particular vascular bed. Such expression is additionally influenced by the physiological or pathological status of the vasculature. In vivo phage display represents a technique that is usable in both, vascular mapping and targeted drug development. In this review, several important methodological aspects of in vivo phage display experiments are discussed. These include choosing an appropriate phage library, an appropriate animal model and the route of phage library administration. In addition, peptides or antibodies identified by in vivo phage display homing to specific types of vascular beds, including the altered vasculature present in several types of diseases are summarized. Still, confirmation in independent experiments and reproduction of identified sequences are needed for enhancing the clinical applicability of in vivo phage display research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janka Bábíčková
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Division of Nephrology, RWTH University, Aachen, Germany
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95
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Won YW, McGinn AN, Lee M, Bull DA, Kim SW. Targeted gene delivery to ischemic myocardium by homing peptide-guided polymeric carrier. Mol Pharm 2012; 10:378-85. [PMID: 23214982 DOI: 10.1021/mp300500y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia needs an alternative treatment such as gene therapy for the direct protection of cardiomyocytes against necrosis or apoptosis and to prevent the development of myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction. Despite the utility of gene therapy, its therapeutic use is limited due to inadequate transfection in cardiomyocytes and difficulty in directing to ischemic myocardium. Here, we present a polymeric gene carrier that is capable of targeting ischemic myocardium, resulting in high localization within the ischemic zone of the left ventricle (LV) of an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) rat model upon systemic administration. Cystamine bisacrylamide-diamino hexane (CD) polymer was modified with the ischemic myocardium-targeted peptide (IMTP) and D-9-arginine (9R) for dual effects of the homing to ischemic myocardium and enhanced transfection efficiency with minimized polymer use. Conjugation of IMTP and 9R to CD led to an increase in transfection under hypoxia and significantly reduced the amount of polymer required for high transfection. Finally, we confirmed targeting of IMTP-CD-9R/DNA polyplex to ischemic myocardium and enhanced gene expression in LV of the I/R rat after tail vein injection. This study provides a clue that gene therapy for the treatment of myocardial ischemia can be achieved by using homing peptide-guided gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Wook Won
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
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96
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Saracino GAA, Cigognini D, Silva D, Caprini A, Gelain F. Nanomaterials design and tests for neural tissue engineering. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 42:225-62. [PMID: 22990473 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35065c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured scaffolds recently showed great promise in tissue engineering: nanomaterials can be tailored at the molecular level and scaffold morphology may more closely resemble features of extracellular matrix components in terms of porosity, framing and biofunctionalities. As a consequence, both biomechanical properties of scaffold microenvironments and biomaterial-protein interactions can be tuned, allowing for improved transplanted cell engraftment and better controlled diffusion of drugs. Easier said than done, a nanotech-based regenerative approach encompasses different fields of know-how, ranging from in silico simulations, nanomaterial synthesis and characterization at the nano-, micro- and mesoscales to random library screening methods (e.g. phage display), in vitro cellular-based experiments and validation in animal models of the target injury. All of these steps of the "assembly line" of nanostructured scaffolds are tightly interconnected both in their standard analysis techniques and in their most recent breakthroughs: indeed their efforts have to jointly provide the deepest possible analyses of the diverse facets of the challenging field of neural tissue engineering. The purpose of this review is therefore to provide a critical overview of the recent advances in and drawbacks and potential of each mentioned field, contributing to the realization of effective nanotech-based therapies for the regeneration of peripheral nerve transections, spinal cord injuries and brain traumatic injuries. Far from being the ultimate overview of such a number of topics, the reader will acknowledge the intrinsic complexity of the goal of nanotech tissue engineering for a conscious approach to the development of a regenerative therapy and, by deciphering the thread connecting all steps of the research, will gain the necessary view of its tremendous potential if each piece of stone is correctly placed to work synergically in this impressive mosaic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria A A Saracino
- Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering, A.O. Ospedale Niguarda Cà Granda, Milan, 20162, Italy
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97
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Zhang H, Li N, Sirish P, Mahakian L, Ingham E, Curry FR, Yamada S, Chiamvimonvat N, Ferrara KW. The cargo of CRPPR-conjugated liposomes crosses the intact murine cardiac endothelium. J Control Release 2012; 163:10-7. [PMID: 22776291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-conjugated liposomes and other nano-sized constructs are attractive drug carriers due to their extended plasma circulation; however, limited data are available as to whether their cargo can traverse the endothelium of solid organs. To determine whether the cargo of endothelially targeted liposomes is internalized by endothelial cells and transported into tissue, and to evaluate whether such liposomes can accumulate in models of cardiovascular disease, we tracked the fate of the cargo (a hydrophilic fluorescent dye) and shell (conjugated with a radioisotope) of a heart-homing liposome (CRPPR-conjugated). The ex vivo heart was imaged with confocal microscopy and the in vivo heart with positron emission tomography in sham-treated mice and models of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and myocardial infarction (MI). Within 30 min of injection of 20mg/kg CRPPR liposomes, fluorescence increased by 47 fold in the tissue surrounding the vascular lumen, as compared with non-targeted liposomes. Both the accumulation on the endothelium and the interstitial fluorescence saturated at an injected dose of 20mg/kg. In both I/R and MI models, CRPPR liposomes accumulated in diseased sites, although less than in surrounding healthy tissue. The accumulation in the diseased sites increased with time post-injury: the ratio of accumulated radioactivity in the diseased and healthy cardiac tissue increased from 0.20±0.04, to 0.58±0.12 and 0.61±0.19 for 1, 7, and 99 days post-MI, indicating the potential for adequate delivery and therapeutic efficacy if the targeted particles are injected at 7 or more days post-MI. In summary, CRPPR- liposomes accumulated in normal and diseased hearts, and the cargo accumulated in the tissue within minutes and remained detectable after 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UC Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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98
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Li H, Cao Y, Wu X, Ye Z, Li G. Peptide-based electrochemical biosensor for amyloid β 1–42 soluble oligomer assay. Talanta 2012; 93:358-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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