51
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Shibahara F, Bower JF, Krische MJ. Ruthenium-catalyzed C-C bond forming transfer hydrogenation: carbonyl allylation from the alcohol or aldehyde oxidation level employing acyclic 1,3-dienes as surrogates to preformed allyl metal reagents. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:6338-9. [PMID: 18444617 PMCID: PMC2842574 DOI: 10.1021/ja801213x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Under the conditions of ruthenium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation, commercially available acyclic 1,3-dienes, butadiene, isoprene, and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, couple to benzylic alcohols 1a-6a to furnish products of carbonyl crotylation 1b-6b, carbonyl isoprenylation 1c-6c, and carbonyl reverse 2-methyl prenylation 1d-6d. Under related transfer hydrogenation conditions employing isopropanol as terminal reductant, isoprene couples to aldehydes 7a-9a to furnish identical products of carbonyl isoprenylation 1c-3c. Thus, carbonyl allylation is achieved from the alcohol or the aldehyde oxidation level in the absence of preformed allyl metal reagents. Coupling to aliphatic alcohols (isoprene to 1-nonanol, 65% isolated yield) and allylic alcohols (isoprene to geraniol, 75% isolated yield) also is demonstrated. Isotopic labeling studies corroborate a mechanism involving hydrogen donation from the reactant alcohol or sacrificial alcohol (i-PrOH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitoshi Shibahara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - John F. Bower
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Michael J. Krische
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
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52
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Bower JF, Patman RL, Krische MJ. Iridium-catalyzed C-C coupling via transfer hydrogenation: carbonyl addition from the alcohol or aldehyde oxidation level employing 1,3-cyclohexadiene. Org Lett 2008; 10:1033-5. [PMID: 18254642 PMCID: PMC2860772 DOI: 10.1021/ol800159w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Under hydrogen autotransfer conditions employing a catalyst derived from [Ir(cod)Cl]2 and BIPHEP, 1,3-cyclohexadiene (CHD) couples to benzylic alcohols 1a-9a to furnish carbonyl addition products 1c-9c, which appear as single diastereomers with variable quantities of regioisomeric adducts 1d-9d. Under related transfer hydrogenation conditions employing isopropanol as terminal reductant, identical carbonyl adducts 1c-9c are obtained from the aldehyde oxidation level. Isotopic labeling studies corroborate a mechanism involving hydrogen donation from the reactant alcohol or sacrificial alcohol (i-PrOH).
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Bower
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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53
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Jeganmohan M, Cheng CH. Transition metal-catalyzed three-component coupling of allenes and the related allylation reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:3101-17. [DOI: 10.1039/b800440d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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54
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Shibahara F, Krische MJ. Formation of C-C Bonds via Ruthenium Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation: Carbonyl Addition from the Alcohol or Aldehyde Oxidation Level. CHEM LETT 2008; 37:1102-1107. [PMID: 21927534 PMCID: PMC3172969 DOI: 10.1246/cl.2008.1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Under the conditions of ruthenium catalyzed transfer hydrogenation employing isopropanol as terminal reductant, π-unsaturated compounds (1,3-dienes, allenes, 1,3-enynes and alkynes) reductively couple to aldehydes to furnish products of carbonyl addition. In the absence of isopropanol, π-unsaturated compounds couple directly from the alcohol oxidation level to form identical products of carbonyl addition. Such "alcohol-unsaturate C-C couplings" enable carbonyl allylation, propargylation and vinylation from the alcohol oxidation level in the absence of stoichiometric organometallic reagents or metallic reductants. Thus, direct catalytic C-H functionalization of alcohols at the carbinol carbon is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitoshi Shibahara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1167, U.S.A
| | - Michael J. Krische
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1167, U.S.A
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55
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Seomoon D, Lee K, Kim H, Lee PH. Inter- and intramolecular palladium-catalyzed allyl cross-coupling reactions using allylindium generated in situ from allyl acetates, indium, and indium trichloride. Chemistry 2007; 13:5197-206. [PMID: 17367099 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Inter- and intramolecular palladium-catalyzed allyl cross-coupling reactions using allylindium generated in situ by treatment of allyl acetates with indium and indium trichloride in the presence of Pd(0) catalyst and nBuNMe(2) in DMF were successfully demonstrated. Allylindium species generated in situ by reductive transmetalation of pi-allylpalladium(II) complexes, obtained from a variety of allyl acetates in the presence of Pd(0) catalyst together with indium and indium trichloride, were found to be capable of acting as effective nucleophilic coupling partners in Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. A variety of allyl acetates such as but-1-en-3-yl acetate, crotyl acetate, and 2-methylallyl acetate afforded the corresponding allylic compounds in good yields in cross-coupling reactions. Various electrophilic cross-coupling partners such as aryl iodides and vinyl bromides and triflates participate in these reactions. Not only intermolecular but also intramolecular Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions work equally well to produce the desired allylic coupling products in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Seomoon
- National Research Laboratory of Catalytic Organic Reaction, Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Republic of Korea
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56
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Zanoni G, Pontiroli A, Marchetti A, Vidari G. Stereoselective Carbonyl Allylation by Umpolung of Allylpalladium(II) Complexes. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Zanoni
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Fax: +39‐0382‐987323
| | | | - Alberto Marchetti
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Fax: +39‐0382‐987323
| | - Giovanni Vidari
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Fax: +39‐0382‐987323
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57
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Horn S, Sergeeva NN, Senge MO. Conversion of Ni(II)-Allylporphyrins to α,β-Unsaturated Formylporphyrins via a Nickel-Promoted Reaction. J Org Chem 2007; 72:5414-7. [PMID: 17559274 DOI: 10.1021/jo070550g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new route to alpha,beta-unsaturated formylporphyrins begins with the synthesis of allyl-substituted porphyrins via the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of bromoporphyrins and allylboronic acid pinacol ester in 50-95% yield. Treatment of allyl-substituted porphyrins with nickel acetate in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) then affords mono- and diacroleinylporphyrins in up to 70% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Horn
- School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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58
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Álvarez R, de Lera AR, Aurrecoechea JM, Durana A. Bimetallic Intermediates in the Formation of Nucleophilic Allenylzincs from Allenylpalladiums: A DFT Study. Organometallics 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/om061148f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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59
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Yang Y, Zhu SF, Duan HF, Zhou CY, Wang LX, Zhou QL. Asymmetric Reductive Coupling of Dienes and Aldehydes Catalyzed by Nickel Complexes of Spiro Phosphoramidites: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Bishomoallylic Alcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:2248-9. [PMID: 17269780 DOI: 10.1021/ja0693183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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60
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61
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Piechaczyk O, Thoumazet C, Jean Y, le Floch P. DFT Study on the Palladium-Catalyzed Allylation of Primary Amines by Allylic Alcohol. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:14306-17. [PMID: 17076503 DOI: 10.1021/ja0621997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed allylation of primary amines has been investigated by DFT calculations (B3PW91, PCM method), and two potential mechanisms were studied. The first mechanism relies on the formation of cationic hydridopalladium complexes. Their formation involves a metal-assisted formal (1,3) shift of a proton from the nitrogen atom of an ammonium to the Cbeta carbon atom. The second part of the cycle relies on a ligand exchange through a pentacoordinated 18VE hydridopalladium complex. The last step likely proceeds through a bimolecular pathway and formally consists of a proton transfer from the allylammonium to the alcohol group of the complex. The second mechanism, which is closer to that currently admitted for nucleophilic allylic substitutions, relies on the decomplexation of the coordinated allylammonium and appears to be favored. This catalytic cycle was recomputed on model complexes varying the ligands, and a charge decomposition analysis was carried out to assess the influence of the electronic properties of the ligands. To compare our results with competitive experiments, CDA calculations were also performed on real ligands. In agreement with experimental observations, this process was found to be strongly ligand dependent, decomplexation being favored by strong pi-acceptor ligands. These calculations led us to show experimentally that complex [Pd(P(OPh)(3))(2)(eta(3)-C(3)H(5))][OTf] is an efficient catalyst for this allylation. Finally, this catalytic process proved to be sensitive to the nature of the amine, with poorly basic amines favoring the re-formation of the catalytic precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Piechaczyk
- Laboratoire Hétéroéléments et Coordination, UMR CNRS 7653, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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62
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Thoumazet C, Grützmacher H, Deschamps B, Ricard L, le Floch P. Testing Phosphanes in the Palladium Catalysed Allylation of Secondary and Primary Amines. Eur J Inorg Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200600592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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63
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García-Iglesias M, Buñuel E, Cárdenas DJ. Cationic (η1-Allyl)-palladium Complexes as Feasible Intermediates in Catalyzed Reactions. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om060199+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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64
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Takimoto M, Kajima Y, Sato Y, Mori M. Nickel-catalyzed enantioselective three-component coupling of bis-1,3-dienes, aldehydes, and dimethylzinc. J Org Chem 2006; 70:8605-8. [PMID: 16209620 DOI: 10.1021/jo051283m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nickel-catalyzed three-component coupling of bis-1,3-dienes, aldehyde, and dimethylzinc was investigated. In the presence of catalytic amounts of Ni(acac)2 and PPh3, bis-1,3-dienes smoothly react with an aldehyde and dimethylzinc via intramolecular cyclodimerization of bis-1,3-diene moiety. The reaction proceeds through formation of a cyclic bis-allylnickel complex, insertion of an aldehyde, and addition of dimethylzinc to the resulting oxanickellacycle intermediate. An enantioselective coupling was also achieved by the use of a chiral monodentate phosphine ligand, H-MOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Takimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
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65
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Chen YH, McDonald FE. New chiral synthons for efficient introduction of bispropionates via stereospecific oxonia-cope rearrangements. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:4568-9. [PMID: 16594682 PMCID: PMC4604445 DOI: 10.1021/ja061082f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Compounds 1 and 2 are novel synthons for bispropionate synthesis, undergoing stereospecific Lewis acid-catalyzed transfer of the bispropionate unit with a variety of aldehydes, including alpha-chiral aldehydes. Thus 1 leads to the E-alkene bispropionate 3 with anti-stereochemistry, whereas diastereomer 2 gives the Z-alkene product 4, under mild conditions and with complete stereospecificity. The efficacy of this methodology is demonstrated in a short synthesis of invictolide beginning with 2 and (R)-2-methylpentanal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
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66
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Dubs C, Yamamoto T, Inagaki A, Akita M. Synthesis of a Library of Iridium-Containing Dinuclear Complexes with Bridging PNNN and PNNP Ligands (BL), [LM(μ-BL)M‘L‘]BF4. 2. Preparation, Basic Coordination Properties, and Reactivity of the Carbonyl Complexes. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om050897e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dubs
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-27, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yamamoto
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-27, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Akiko Inagaki
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-27, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Munetaka Akita
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-27, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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67
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Howell GP, Minnaard AJ, Feringa BL. Asymmetric allylation of aryl aldehydes: studies on the scope and mechanism of the palladium catalysed diethylzinc mediated umpolung using phosphoramidite ligands. Org Biomol Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b518165h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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68
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Hirashita T, Kambe S, Tsuji H, Araki S. Nickel-catalyzed indium(i)-mediated double addition of aldehydes to 1,3-dienes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:2595-7. [PMID: 16779489 DOI: 10.1039/b603597c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of InI, Ni(acac)2 and PPh3, several 1,3-dienes were reacted with two molecules of aldehyde to give the corresponding 1,4- and 1,6-diols. The regioselectivity of the 1,4-/1,6-diol was efficiently regulated by the addition of water; the 1,6-diol was obtained selectively in dry THF, whereas the 1,4-diol was obtained predominantly in DMI containing a small amount of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunehisa Hirashita
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan.
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69
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Kondo T, Mitsudo TA. Ruthenium-catalyzed Reconstructive Synthesis of Functional Organic Molecules via Cleavage of Carbon–Carbon Bonds. CHEM LETT 2005. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2005.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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70
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Shimizu M, Kimura M, Watanabe T, Tamaru Y. Palladium-Catalyzed Allylation of Imines with Allyl Alcohols. Org Lett 2005; 7:637-40. [PMID: 15704913 DOI: 10.1021/ol047609f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic system, Pd(OAc)2 (10 mol %)-P(n-Bu)3 (20 mol %)-Et3B (360 mol %), promotes allylic alcohols to undergo the allylation of anisidine-imines of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes and furnishes homoallylamines in good to moderate yields. The reaction shows unique stereoselectivity, giving anti-isomers selectively. [reaction: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Shimizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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71
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Lee P, Seomoon D, Lee K, Kim S, Kim H, Kim H, Shim E, Lee M, Lee S, Kim M, Sridhar M. Palladium-Indium-Indium(III) Chloride-Mediated Allyl Cross-Coupling Reactions Using Allyl Acetates. Adv Synth Catal 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200404125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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72
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Nii S, Terao J, Kambe N. Titanocene-catalyzed formation of allylsilanes from allyl ethers and chlorosilanes. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.12.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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73
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Cárdenas DJ, Echavarren AM. Mechanistic aspects of C–C bond formation involving allylpalladium complexes: the role of computational studies. NEW J CHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b315015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
This tutorial review deals with recent developments in the activation of C-C bonds in organic molecules that have been catalyzed by transition metal complexes. Many chemists have devised a variety of strategies for C-C bond activation and significant progress has been made in this field over the past few decades. However, there remain only a few examples of the catalytic activation of C-C bonds, in spite of the potential use in organic synthesis, and most of the previously published reviews have dwelt mainly on the stoichiometric reactions. Consequently, this review will focus mainly on the catalytic reaction of C-C bond cleavage by homogeneous transition metal catalysts. The contents include cleavage of C-C bonds in strained and unstrained molecules, and cleavage of multiple C-C bonds such as C[triple bond]C triple bonds in alkynes. Multiple bond metathesis and heterogeneous systems are beyond the scope of this review, though they are also fascinating areas of C-C bond activation. In this review, the strategies and tactics for C-C bond activation will be explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Ho Jun
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Bioactive Molecular Hybrid, Yonsei University, 134 Sinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-ku, Seoul 120-749, Korea.
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75
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Gómez AM, Barrio A, Pedregosa A, Valverde S, López J. A novel entry to C-glycals via diethylzinc-mediated umpolung of π-allyl palladium derived from 1-exo-methylene 2,3-anhydrofuranoses. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.09.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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76
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77
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Sebelius S, Wallner OA, Szabó KJ. Palladium-catalyzed coupling of allyl acetates with aldehyde and imine electrophiles in the presence of Bis(pinacolato)diboron. Org Lett 2003; 5:3065-8. [PMID: 12916982 DOI: 10.1021/ol035052i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] An efficient one-pot procedure was developed for palladium-catalyzed electrophilic substitution of allyl acetates (2a-h) in the presence of bis(pinacolato)diboron (1). These reactions proceed with an excellent regioselectivity and with a remarkably high stereoselectivity. The catalytic transformations take place via palladium-catalyzed formation of allyl boronates, which subsequently react with aldehyde (3) and sulfon-imine (4) electrophiles to afford homoallylic alcohols (5a-h) and amines (6a-d), respectively. A particularly interesting mechanistic feature is that the allylic substitution of the transient allyl boronate with sulfon-imine requires palladium catalysis. This finding indicates that the formation of the homoallylic amine derivatives (6a-d) involves bis-allylpalladium intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sebelius
- Stockholm University, Arrhenius Laboratory, Department of Organic Chemistry, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
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78
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Redón R, Torrens H, Ekkehardt Hahn F, Lügger T, Hernández-Ortega S, Toscano RA, Morales-Morales D. X-ray structural and dynamic behaviour study of allyl palladium compounds with fluorinated benzenethiolate bridges. J Mol Struct 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(03)00291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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79
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Aurrecoechea JM, Arrate M, Gil JH, López B. Direct carbohydrate to carbocycle conversions via intramolecular allylation with Et2Zn/Pd(0). Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00825-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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80
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Wallner OA, Szabó KJ. Palladium-catalyzed electrophilic substitution of allyl chlorides and acetates via bis-allylpalladium intermediates. J Org Chem 2003; 68:2934-43. [PMID: 12662072 DOI: 10.1021/jo026767m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed electrophilic allylic substitution of functionalized allyl chlorides and allyl acetates can be achieved in the presence of hexamethylditin under mild and neutral reaction conditions. This efficient one-pot procedure involves palladium-catalyzed formation of transient allylstannanes followed by generation of a bis-allylpalladium intermediate, which subsequently reacts with electrophiles. Using this catalytic transformation, various aldehydes and imines can be allylated providing highly functionalized homoallyl alcohols and amines. Furthermore, tandem bis-allylation reactions could be performed by employing tosyl isocyanate and benzylidenemalonitrile as substrates. A particularly interesting mechanistic feature of this reaction is that palladium catalyzes up to three different transformations in each catalytic cycle. Various allylic functionalities, including COOEt, CONH(2), COCH(3), CN, Ph, and CH(3), are tolerated in the catalytic reactions due to the application of neutral and mild reaction conditions. The substitution reaction occurs with very high regioselectivity at the branched allylic terminus. Moreover, in several reactions, a high stereoselectivity was observed indicating that this new catalytic process has a high potential for stereoselective synthesis. The regioselectivity of the reaction can be explained on the basis of DFT calculations. These studies indicate that the allylic substituent prefers the gamma-position of the eta(1)-allyl moiety of the reaction intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olov A Wallner
- Arrhenius Laboratory, Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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81
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82
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Loh TP, Song HY, Zhou Y. Nickel-catalyzed homoallylation reaction of aldehydes with 1,3-dienes: stereochemical and mechanistic studies. Org Lett 2002; 4:2715-7. [PMID: 12153217 DOI: 10.1021/ol026216i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Contrary to what was reported, the coupling reaction of nickel-catalyzed cyclic diene such as cyclohexadiene with carbonyl compounds in the presence of diethyl zinc afforded gamma,delta-alkenyl alcohols in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teck-Peng Loh
- Department of Chemistry, Nantional University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singpaore.
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83
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Iwata A, Tang H, Kunai A, Ohshita J, Yamamoto Y, Matui C. Ring-opening reactions of cyclic acetals and 1,3-oxazolidines with halosilane equivalents. J Org Chem 2002; 67:5170-5. [PMID: 12126402 DOI: 10.1021/jo020019f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of acetal and 1,3-oxazolidine rings were examined using two kinds of iodosilane equivalent reagents, a 1:2 mixture of Me3SiNEt2 and MeI (reagent 1a) and a 1:1 mixture of Et3SiH and MeI containing a catalytic amount of PdCl2 (reagent 1b). In the reactions of alkanone ethylene acetals with reagent 1a, a C-O bond in the acetal ring readily cleaved to give 2-(trimethylsiloxy)ethyl enol ethers. Similarly, the C-O bond of 1,3-oxazolidine rings cleaved to give ring-opened imine or enamine derivatives. The reactions of aromatic ketone ethylene acetals and cyclohexanone trimethylene acetal led to deprotection of the acetal unit to liberate free ketones. With reagent 1b, cycloalkanone ethylene acetal afforded a dimeric product with 2-iodoethyl alkenoate moieties, while aromatic ketone ethylene or trimethylene acetals produced deprotected ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arihiro Iwata
- Silicone-Electronic Materials Research Center, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., 1-10 Hitomi, Matsuida, Gunma 379-0224, Japan
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84
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Wallner OA, Szabó KJ. Regioselective palladium-catalyzed electrophilic allylic substitution in the presence of hexamethylditin. Org Lett 2002; 4:1563-6. [PMID: 11975629 DOI: 10.1021/ol0257777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text]. Palladium-catalyzed electrophilic allylic substitution of functionalized allyl chlorides and allyl acetates can be achieved in the presence of hexamethylditin under mild reaction conditions. The substitution reaction occurs with very high regioselectivity at the branched allylic terminus. Regioselective tandem bisallylation reaction could be performed by employing benzylidenemalonitrile as substrate. The reaction mechanism can be explained by involvement of a bisallylpalladium intermediate. A particularly interesting mechanistic feature of this reaction is that palladium catalyzes up to three different transformations in the same catalytic cycle. DFT calculations indicate that the regioselectivity is determined by the location of the allylic substituent in the eta1-allyl moiety of the reaction intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olov A Wallner
- Arrhenius Laboratory, Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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85
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Allyl–palladium compounds with fluorinated benzenethiolate ligands. X-ray crystal structure of [(η3-C3H5)Pd(μ-SC6H4F-4)2Pd(η3-C3H5)]. Polyhedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(01)00934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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86
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Carde L, Llebaria A, Delgado A. A solid-phase version of the palladium-catalyzed carbonyl allylation by allylic alcohols with SnCl2. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)00434-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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87
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Selvakumar K, Valentini M, Pregosin PS, Albinati A, Eisenträger F. Catalytic and Structural Studies on Complexes of a Binaphthyl−Phosphino−Oxazoline Auxiliary: The Meta Dialkyl Effect on Enantioselectivity. Organometallics 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/om990892f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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88
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Regio- and diastereocontrol in carbonyl allylation by 1-halobut-2-enes with Tin(II) halides. J Org Chem 2000; 65:494-8. [PMID: 10813962 DOI: 10.1021/jo991403o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Regio- and diastereoselective carbonyl allylations of 1-halobut-2-enes with tin(II) halides are described. Tin(II) bromide in a dichloromethane-water biphasic system is an effective reagent for unusual alpha-regioselective carbonyl allylation of 1-bromobut-2-ene to produce 1-substituted pent-3-en-1-ols. The addition of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr) to the biphasic system produces 1-substituted 2-methylbut-3-en-1-ols via usual gamma-addition which is opposite to the alpha-addition without TBABr. The gamma-addition to aromatic aldehydes exhibits anti-diastereoselectivity, while that to aliphatic aldehydes is not diastereoselective. The allylation of benzaldehyde by 1-chlorobut-2-ene in 1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-2-one (DMI) does not occur with tin(II) chloride or bromide but does proceed with tin(II) iodide and exhibits gamma-syn selectivity which is unusual for a Barbier-type carbonyl allylation. In the carbonyl allylation by 1-chlorobut-2-ene with any tin(II) halide, the addition of tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) accelerates the reaction and enhances gamma-syn selectivity. The use of tin(II) iodide and TBAI produces 2-methyl-1-phenylbut-3-en-1-ol with high yield and high syn-diastereoselectivity. The syn-diastereoselective carbonyl allylation of 1-chlorobut-2-ene using tin(II) iodide, a catalytic amount of TBAI, and NaI in DMI-H(2)O is applied to various aldehydes.
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89
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Bonding of the β-pinene allyl, η3-C10H15 to Pd(II): X-ray structure of [Pd(η3-C10H15)(Josiphos)]CF3SO3. Inorganica Chim Acta 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(99)00326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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90
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Kimura M, Kiyama I, Tomizawa T, Horino Y, Tanaka S, Tamaru Y. Allylation of aldehydes via Umpolung of π-allylpalladium(II) with triethylborane. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)01359-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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