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Jeleń AM, Sałagacka A, Żebrowska MK, Mirowski M, Talarowska M, Gałecki P, Balcerczak EI. The Influence of C3435T Polymorphism of the ABCB1 Gene on Genetic Susceptibility to Depression and Treatment Response in Polish Population - Preliminary Report. Int J Med Sci 2015; 12:974-9. [PMID: 26664259 PMCID: PMC4661296 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high prevalence of depression, the mechanism of the origin of this disease as well as the causes of resistance to therapy in some patients are still not fully understood. Increasingly, the possible role of genetic factors is considered. One of them is polymorphisms in the ABCB1 (MDR1) gene which encodes P-glycoprotein, responsible for the transport of xenobiotics, including antidepressant drugs, through the blood-brain barrier. METHODS C3435T was evaluated in 90 patients with recurrent depressive disorders (rDD). Genotyping was performed using a polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS The obtained results indicate that the TT genotype occurred more frequently among patients with rDD than in healthy volunteers (p=0.0441). Also, at least one C allele was present significantly less frequent in the study group than in healthy individuals (p=0.0300). The severity of depressive symptoms was higher among patient with the CC genotype in comparison with the other genotypes (p=0.0106) but treatment response to antidepressants was better in this group than among patients with CT or TT genotypes (p=0.0301). Likewise, patients with the T allele have a significantly lower severity of symptoms (p=0.0026) and decreased therapy effectiveness (p=0.0142) than C allele carriers. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that C3435T polymorphisms in the ABCB1 gene are strongly associated with a predisposition to depression development, the severity of depressive symptoms and the effectiveness of therapy with using different groups of antidepressant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Maria Jeleń
- 1. Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Interdepartmental Chair of Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sałagacka
- 1. Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Interdepartmental Chair of Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Karolina Żebrowska
- 1. Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Interdepartmental Chair of Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Mirowski
- 1. Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Interdepartmental Chair of Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Talarowska
- 2. Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Gałecki
- 2. Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Izabela Balcerczak
- 1. Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Interdepartmental Chair of Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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Silva R, Vilas-Boas V, Carmo H, Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Carvalho F, de Lourdes Bastos M, Remião F. Modulation of P-glycoprotein efflux pump: induction and activation as a therapeutic strategy. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 149:1-123. [PMID: 25435018 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an ATP-dependent efflux pump encoded by the MDR1 gene in humans, known to mediate multidrug resistance of neoplastic cells to cancer therapy. For several decades, P-gp inhibition has drawn many significant research efforts in an attempt to overcome this phenomenon. However, P-gp is also constitutively expressed in normal human epithelial tissues and, due to its broad substrate specificity, to its cellular polarized expression in many excretory and barrier tissues, and to its great efflux capacity, it can play a crucial role in limiting the absorption and distribution of harmful xenobiotics, by decreasing their intracellular accumulation. Such a defense mechanism can be of particular relevance at the intestinal level, by significantly reducing the intestinal absorption of the xenobiotic and, consequently, avoiding its access to the target organs. In this review, the current knowledge on this important efflux pump is summarized, and a new focus is brought on the therapeutic interest of inducing and/or activating P-gp for limiting the toxicity caused by its substrates. Several in vivo and in vitro studies validating the use of such a therapeutic strategy are discussed. An extensive literature search for reported P-gp inducers/activators and for the experimental models used in their characterization was conducted. Those studies demonstrate that effective antidotal pathways can be achieved by efficiently promoting the P-gp-mediated efflux of deleterious xenobiotics, resulting in a significant reduction in their intracellular levels and, consequently, in a significant reduction of their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Vânia Vilas-Boas
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Helena Carmo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; INFACTS - Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, Advanced Institute of Health Sciences - North (ISCS-N), CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal; Department of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Félix Carvalho
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria de Lourdes Bastos
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Júnior MADR, de Faria ACM, Velozo EDS, Dalla Costa T, de Andrade FP, de Castro WV. Determination of fexofenadine in Hank's balanced salt solution by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection: application to Caco-2 cell permeability studies. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 29:537-44. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Liao HW, Tsai IL, Chen GY, Lu YS, Lin CH, Kuo CH. Quantification of target analytes in various biofluids using a postcolumn infused-internal standard method combined with matrix normalization factors in liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1358:85-92. [PMID: 25022483 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) has become one of the most widely used methods in pharmaceutical laboratories. Although LC-ESI-MS provides high sensitivity and high specificity for quantifying target analytes in complicated biofluids, the associated severe matrix effects (MEs) generally result in large quantification errors. Here, we propose a novel strategy for correcting MEs in various biofluids using a postcolumn infused-internal standard (PCI-IS) method in combination with matrix normalization factors (MNFs). We used the MNFs to normalize the encountered MEs in various biofluids to the MEs encountered in standard solutions. The use of a postcolumn infused-internal standard also corrects the MEs for individual samples. When using the PCI-IS method in combination with MNFs, the calibration curve generated from standard solutions can be applied to quantify the target analytes in various biofluids. We applied this new approach to quantify etoposide and etoposide catechol in plasma and CSF. The accuracy of the test results showed that over 93% of the data have quantification errors less than 20% and that 99% of the data have quantification errors less than 30%. The successful application of this method to evaluate real clinical samples revealed that our proposed MNFs in combination with the PCI-IS method largely simplifies the entire method development and validation processes, saves a great deal of time and cost without sacrificing quantification accuracy, and provides a simple means of quantifying target analytes in various biofluids. This method will be particularly useful in fields in which the same target analytes need to be quantified in various types of matrices, including bioanalysis, forensic toxicology, environmental studies, and food safety control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Wei Liao
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Lin Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yuan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Shen Lu
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hung Lin
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chimezie C, Ewing AC, Quadri SS, Cole RB, Boué SM, Omari CF, Bratton M, Glotser E, Skripnikova E, Townley I, Stratford RE. Glyceollin transport, metabolism, and effects on p-glycoprotein function in Caco-2 cells. J Med Food 2014; 17:462-71. [PMID: 24476214 PMCID: PMC3993029 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyceollins are phytoalexins produced in soybeans from their isoflavone precursor daidzein. Their impressive anticancer and glucose normalization effects in rodents have generated interest in their therapeutic potential. The aim of the present studies was to begin to understand glyceollin intestinal transport and metabolism, and their potential effects on P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in Caco-2 cells. At 10 and 25 μM, glyceollin permeability was 2.4±0.16×10(-4) cm/sec and 2.1±0.15×10(-4) cm/sec, respectively, in the absorptive direction. Basolateral to apical permeability at 25 μM was 1.6±0.10×10(-4) cm/sec. Results suggest high absorption potential of glyceollin by a passive-diffusion-dominated mechanism. A sulfate conjugate at the phenolic hydroxyl position was observed following exposure to Caco-2 cells. In contrast to verapamil inhibition of the net secretory permeability of rhodamine 123 (R123) and its enhancement of calcein AM uptake into Caco-2 cells, neither glyceollin nor genistein inhibited Pgp (MDR1; ABCB1) up to 300 μM. There was no significant change in MDR1 mRNA expression, Pgp protein expression, or R123 transport in cells exposed to glyceollin or genistein for 24 h up to 100 μM. Collectively, these results suggest that glyceollin has the potential to be well absorbed, but that, similar to the isoflavone genistein, its absorption may be reduced substantially by intestinal metabolism; further, they indicate that glyceollin does not appear to alter Pgp function in Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuemezie Chimezie
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Adina C. Ewing
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Syeda S. Quadri
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Richard B. Cole
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Laboratory of Organic and Biological Structural Chemistry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6), Paris, France
| | - Stephen M. Boué
- Southern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Christopher F. Omari
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Melyssa Bratton
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elena Glotser
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elena Skripnikova
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ian Townley
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Robert E. Stratford
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Tajima Y, Nakagawa H, Tamura A, Kadioglu O, Satake K, Mitani Y, Murase H, Regasini LO, Bolzani VDS, Ishikawa T, Fricker G, Efferth T. Nitensidine A, a guanidine alkaloid from Pterogyne nitens, is a novel substrate for human ABC transporter ABCB1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:323-332. [PMID: 24135452 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Pterogyne nitens (Fabaceae) tree, native to South America, has been found to produce guanidine alkaloids as well as bioactive flavonols such as kaempferol, quercetin, and rutin. In the present study, we examined the possibility of interaction between human ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1 and four guanidine alkaloids isolated from P. nitens (i.e., galegine, nitensidine A, pterogynidine, and pterogynine) using human T cell lymphoblast-like leukemia cell line CCRF-CEM and its multi-drug resistant (MDR) counterpart CEM/ADR5000. In XTT assays, CEM/ADR5000 cells were resistant to the four guanidine alkaloids compared to CCRF-CEM cells, although the four guanidine alkaloids exhibited some level of cytotoxicity against both CCRF-CEM and CEM/ADR5000 cells. In ATPase assays, three of the four guanidine alkaloids were found to stimulate the ATPase activity of ABCB1. Notably, nitensidine A was clearly found to stimulate the ATPase activity of ABCB1 as strongly as the control drug, verapamil. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect of nitensidine A on CEM/ADR5000 cells was synergistically enhanced by verapamil. Nitensidine A inhibited the extrusion of calcein by ABCB1. In the present study, the possibility of interaction between ABCB1 and two synthetic nitensidine A analogs (nitensidine AT and AU) were examined to gain insight into the mechanism by which nitensidine A stimulates the ATPase activity of ABCB1. The ABCB1-dependent ATPase activity stimulated by nitensidine A was greatly reduced by substituting sulfur (S) or oxygen (O) for the imino nitrogen atom (N) in nitensidine A. Molecular docking studies on human ABCB1 showed that, guanidine alkaloids from P. nitens dock to the same binding pocket as verapamil. Nitensidine A and its analogs exhibit similar binding energies to verapamil. Taken together, this research clearly indicates that nitensidine A is a novel substrate for ABCB1. The present results also suggest that the number, binding site, and polymerization degree of the isoprenyl moiety in the guanidine alkaloids and the imino nitrogen atom cooperatively contribute to their stimulation of ABCB1's ATPase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Tajima
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan; Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ai Tamura
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan; Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Onat Kadioglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kazuhiro Satake
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Yuji Mitani
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Hayato Murase
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Luis Octavio Regasini
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Toshihisa Ishikawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan; Omics Science Center, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Gert Fricker
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Kobori T, Harada S, Nakamoto K, Tokuyama S. Mechanisms of P-Glycoprotein Alteration During Anticancer Treatment: Role in the Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacological Effects of Various Substrate Drugs. J Pharmacol Sci 2014; 125:242-54. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.14r01cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Yamsani SK, Yamsani MR. Effect of silymarin pretreatment on the bioavailability of domperidone in healthy human volunteers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 29:261-7. [DOI: 10.1515/dmdi-2014-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of silymarin pretreatment on domperidone oral bioavailability in humans.The rats were pretreated with silymarin for 7 days. The transport of domperidone across the rat intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon) was studied by usingIn the everted sac and non-everted sac study with silymarin pretreatment, domperidone transport increased from the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon. The silymarin pretreatment increased the bioavailability of domperidone. There was a statistically significant difference in the pharmacokinetic parameters CThe significant difference in absorption of domperidone on pretreatment with silymarin is due to the inhibition of P-glycoprotein and CYP3A. Silymarin, which inhibits CYP3A4, should be contraindicated for domperidone.
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Chae SW, Han AR, Park JH, Rhie JY, Lim HJ, Seo EK, Lee HJ. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of phenylbutenoid dimers as inhibitors of P-glycoprotein. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:2277-2281. [PMID: 24266329 DOI: 10.1021/np4004917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-dependent efflux transporter, is closely associated with the failure of chemotherapy and drug absorption. Two synthesized optically active phenylbutenoid dimers, 3S-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4R-{(E)-3,4-dimethoxystyryl}cyclohex-1-ene (1) and 3R-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4S-{(E)-3,4-dimethoxystyryl}cyclohex-1-ene (2), were tested for their P-gp inhibitory effects by measuring cellular accumulation and efflux of daunomycin in P-gp-overexpressed human breast cancer cells (MCF-7/ADR). Compound 2 significantly increased the accumulation of daunomycin (539%) and decreased the efflux of this compound (55.4%), and similar results were observed for 1. ATPase assays and Western blot analysis were performed to identify the mechanisms by which compounds 1 and 2 inhibit P-gp. In addition, changes in the pharmacokinetic profile of paclitaxel coadministered with 2 in rats were evaluated. Paclitaxel (25 mg/kg) when orally administered with 2 (5 mg/kg) improved its relative bioavailability by 185%. Compound 2 effectively improved cellular accumulation by reducing the efflux of daunomycin and significantly enhanced oral exposure to paclitaxel. Therefore, compound 2 may be useful for improving oral exposure and cellular availability of drugs that are also substrates of P-gp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wha Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Ewha Global Top 5 Program), Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea
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Yao Y, Zhang X, Wang Z, Zheng C, Li P, Huang C, Tao W, Xiao W, Wang Y, Huang L, Yang L. Deciphering the combination principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine from a systems pharmacology perspective based on Ma-huang Decoction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:619-638. [PMID: 24064232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE The main therapeutic concept in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is herb formula, which treats various diseases via potential herb interactions to maximize the efficacy and minimize the adverse effects. However, the combination principle of herb formula still remains a mystery due to the lack of appropriate methods. METHODS A systems pharmacology method integrating the pharmacokinetic analysis, drug targeting, and drug-target-disease network is developed to dissect this rule embedded in the herbal formula. All these are exemplified by a representative TCM formula, Ma-huang decoction, made up of four botanic herbs. RESULTS Based on the deep investigation of the function and compatibility of each herb, in a molecular/systems level, we demonstrate the different pharmacological roles that each herb might play in the prescription. By the way of enhancing the bioavailability and/or making the pharmacological synergy among different herbs, the four herbs effectively combine together to be suitable for treating diseases. CONCLUSIONS The present work lays foundations for a more comprehensive understanding of the combination rule of TCM, which might also be beneficial to drug development and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Lanusse C, Alvarez L, Lifschitz A. Pharmacological knowledge and sustainable anthelmintic therapy in ruminants. Vet Parasitol 2013; 204:18-33. [PMID: 24315694 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Considering the increasing concern for the development of anthelmintic resistance, the use of pharmacology-based information is critical to design successful strategies for the future of parasite control in livestock. Integrated evaluation of the available knowledge on pharmacological features is required to optimize the activity and to achieve sustainable use of the existing anthelmintic drugs. The assessment of the drug disposition in the host and the comprehension of the mechanisms of drug influx/efflux/detoxification in different target helminths, has signified a relevant progress on the understanding of the pharmacology of anthelmintic drugs in ruminant species. However, additional scientific knowledge on how to improve the use of available and novel molecules is required to avoid/delay resistance development. Different pharmacokinetic-based approaches to enhance parasite exposure and the use of mixtures of drugs from different chemical families have been proposed as valid strategies to delay the development of anthelmintic resistance. The rationale behind using drug combinations is based on the fact that individual worms may have a lower degree of resistance to a multiple component formulation (each chemical with different mode of action/resistance) compared to that observed when a single anthelmintic is used. However, the limited available information is unclear on the potential additive or synergistic effects occurring after co-administration of two (or more) drugs with different mode of action. This review article contributes to the topic with some pharmacology-based data emerging from the assessment of combined anthelmintic preparations. The activity against multi-drug-resistant isolates based on novel modes of action is a highly favorable element to judge the future of some of the recently developed anthelmintic compounds. More specific knowledge on the basic host-parasite kinetic behavior as well as a highly responsible use of those novel compounds will be necessary to secure their maximum lifespans. Overall, the outcome from integrated pharmaco-parasitological research approaches has greatly contributed to optimize drug activity, which seems relevant to preserve existing and particularly novel active ingredients as useful tools for parasite control in livestock animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Lanusse
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina.
| | - Luis Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - Adrian Lifschitz
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
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Härtter S, Sennewald R, Nehmiz G, Reilly P. Oral bioavailability of dabigatran etexilate (Pradaxa(®) ) after co-medication with verapamil in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 75:1053-62. [PMID: 22946890 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04453.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of the P-glycoprotein inhibitor verapamil on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dabigatran etexilate (DE). METHOD In this two part multiple crossover trial in 40 healthy subjects, DE 150 mg was given alone or with verapamil at different doses, duration of treatment (single vs. multiple dosing), formulations, and timings (before, concurrently or after DE). Primary pharmacokinetic endpoints were determined from concentrations of total dabigatran (unconjugated plus conjugated). Pharmacodynamic endpoints were determined from clotting time. RESULTS The greatest effect was observed with single dose verapamil 120 mg immediate release given 1 h before single dose DE. Geometric mean area under the plasma concentration curve [AUC(0,∞)] and maximum analyte concentration in the plasma (Cmax ) were increased by 143% [90% confidence interval (CI) 91, 208] and 179% (90% CI 115, 262), respectively. The effect was reduced to a 71% and 91% increase in AUC and Cmax , respectively, when DE was administered with verapamil 240 mg extended release. After multiple verapamil dosing, DE AUC(0,∞) and Cmax increases were 54% and 63%, respectively. However, DE given 2 h before verapamil increased DE AUC(0,∞) and Cmax by <20%. With regard to clotting prolongation, the dabigatran plasma concentration-effect relationship was generally not affected by the co-administration of verapamil. Concomitant administration of DE and verapamil did not reveal any unexpected safety findings. CONCLUSION Verapamil increased DE bioavailability, likely due to inhibition of P-glycoprotein. Our results suggest that an interaction between verapamil and DE can be minimized if DE is administered 2 h prior to verapamil.
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Surya Sandeep M, Sridhar V, Puneeth Y, Ravindra Babu P, Naveen Babu K. Enhanced oral bioavailability of felodipine by naringenin in Wistar rats and inhibition of P-glycoprotein in everted rat gut sacsin vitro. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:1371-7. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.819885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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64
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Sridhar V, Surya Sandeep M, Ravindra Babu P, Naveen Babu K. Evaluation of First-Pass Cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) and P-glycoprotein Activities Using Felodipine and Hesperetin in Combination in Wistar Rats and Everted Rat Gut Sacs in Vitro. Phytother Res 2013; 28:699-705. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Sridhar
- Division of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh 520010 India
| | - M. Surya Sandeep
- Division of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh 520010 India
| | - P. Ravindra Babu
- Division of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh 520010 India
| | - K. Naveen Babu
- Division of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh 520010 India
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Kim Y, Smith A, Wu AHB. C3435T polymorphism of MDR1 gene with warfarin resistance. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 425:34-6. [PMID: 23872171 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some patients show warfarin resistance needing more than 70 mg of warfarin per week. In this study, we examined if C3435T polymorphism of MDR1 gene could be a factor of warfarin resistance. METHODS We examined 196 blood specimens from the patients who took warfarin more than 42 mg/week for at least 1 year. The subjects consisted of 74 European Americans, 59 African Americans, 42 Hispanic Americans and 21 Asian Americans. Genotype of C3435T polymorphism was determined by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Ninety (45.9%) of the 196 patients had C3435T genotype and the remaining patients had C3435C genotype (35.7%) and T3435T genotype (18.4%). Mean dose of warfarin of patients with C3435C, C3435T and T3435T genotypes were 59.5mg/week, 56.9 mg/week and 55.6 mg/week, respectively. There was no statistical difference in the dose of warfarin between the 3 genotypes within each race. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that C3435T polymorphism of MDR1 gene is not associated with warfarin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongsic Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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66
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Neve EPA, Artursson P, Ingelman-Sundberg M, Karlgren M. An Integrated in Vitro Model for Simultaneous Assessment of Drug Uptake, Metabolism, and Efflux. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:3152-63. [DOI: 10.1021/mp400202d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne P. A. Neve
- Section of Pharmacogenetics,
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Artursson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg
- Section of Pharmacogenetics,
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Karlgren
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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Increased susceptibility of a triclabendazole (TCBZ)-resistant isolate of Fasciola hepatica to TCBZ following co-incubation in vitro with the P-glycoprotein inhibitor, R(+)-verapamil. Parasitology 2013; 140:1287-303. [PMID: 23756576 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182013000759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A study was carried out to investigate whether the action of triclabendazole sulphoxide (TCBZ.SO) against the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica is altered by inhibition of P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-linked drug efflux pumps. The Oberon TCBZ-resistant and Cullompton TCBZ-susceptible fluke isolates were used for this in vitro study and the Pgp inhibitor selected was R(+)-verapamil [R(+)-VPL]. For experiments with the Oberon isolate, flukes were incubated for 24 h with either R(+)-VPL (1×10-4 m) on its own, TCBZ.SO (15 μg mL-1) alone, a combination of R(+)-VPL (1×10-4 m) plus TCBZ.SO (15 μg mL-1), TCBZ.SO (50 μg mL-1) on its own, or a combination of TCBZ.SO (50 μg mL-1) plus R(+)-VPL (1×10-4 m). They were also incubated in TCBZ.SO (50 μg mL-1) alone or in combination with R(+)-VPL (1×10-4 m) until they became inactive; and in TCBZ.SO (50 μg mL-1) alone for a time to match that of the combination inactivity time. Flukes from the Cullompton isolate were treated with either TCBZ.SO (50 μg mL-1) alone or in combination with R(+)-VPL (1×10-4 m) until they became inactive, or with TCBZ.SO (50 μg mL-1) alone time-matched to the combination inactivity time. Morphological changes resulting from drug treatment and following Pgp inhibition were assessed by means of scanning electron microscopy. Incubation in R(+)-VPL alone had a minimal effect on either isolate. TCBZ.SO treatment had a relatively greater impact on the TCBZ-susceptible Cullompton isolate. When R(+)-VPL was combined with TCBZ.SO in the incubation medium, however, the surface disruption to both isolates was more severe than that seen after TCBZ.SO treatment alone; also, the time taken to reach inactivity was shorter. More significantly, though, the potentiation of drug activity was greater in the Oberon isolate; also, it was more distinct at the higher concentration of TCBZ.SO. So, the Oberon isolate appears to be particularly sensitive to efflux pump inhibition. The results of this study suggest that enhanced drug efflux in the Oberon isolate may be involved in the mechanism of resistance to TCBZ.
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Han TH, Gopal AK, Ramchandren R, Goy A, Chen R, Matous JV, Cooper M, Grove LE, Alley SC, Lynch CM, O'Connor OA. CYP3A-mediated drug-drug interaction potential and excretion of brentuximab vedotin, an antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with CD30-positive hematologic malignancies. J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 53:866-77. [PMID: 23754575 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Brentuximab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that selectively delivers monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) into CD30-expressing cells. This study evaluated the CYP3A-mediated drug-drug interaction potential of brentuximab vedotin and the excretion of MMAE. Two 21-day cycles of brentuximab vedotin (1.2 or 1.8 mg/kg intravenously) were administered to 56 patients with CD30-positive hematologic malignancies. Each patient also received either a sensitive CYP3A substrate (midazolam), an effective inducer (rifampin), or a strong inhibitor (ketoconazole). Brentuximab vedotin did not affect midazolam exposures. ADC exposures were unaffected by concomitant rifampin or ketoconazole; however, MMAE exposures were lower with rifampin and higher with ketoconazole. The short-term safety profile of brentuximab vedotin in this study was generally consistent with historic clinical observations. The most common adverse events were nausea, fatigue, diarrhea, headache, pyrexia, and neutropenia. Over a 1-week period, ∼23.5% of intact MMAE was recovered after administration of brentuximab vedotin; all other species were below the limit of quantitation. The primary excretion route is via feces (median 72% of the recovered MMAE). These results suggest that brentuximab vedotin (1.8 mg/kg) and MMAE are neither inhibitors nor inducers of CYP3A; however, MMAE is a substrate of CYP3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae H Han
- Seattle Genetics, Inc., Bothell, WA 98021, USA.
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69
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Tempestilli M, Gentilotti E, Tommasi C, Nicastri E, Martini F, De Nardo P, Narciso P, Pucillo LP. Determination of P-glycoprotein surface expression and functional ability after in vitro treatment with darunavir or raltegravir in lymphocytes of healthy donors. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 16:492-7. [PMID: 23707228 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that P-glycoprotein (P-gp) can greatly affect the cell uptake of antiretroviral drugs, thus hampering their access to HIV-1 replication sites. Lymphocytes are important sites of replication of HIV and target of other drugs, modification on these cells of P-gp could have an effect on pharmacokinetic of antiretrovirals and drug substrates. Blood samples from 16 healthy volunteers were used to determine the expression of P-gp on total, T and T helper lymphocytes after exposure to darunavir, a second generation protease inhibitor, and raltegravir, the first approved integrase inhibitor. Moreover, the effect of the drugs on P-gp functional activity was also studied by the rhodamine-123 efflux test. Darunavir, but not raltegravir, exposure caused a moderate, dose-dependent increment in P-gp expression in total, T and T helper lymphocytes, as demonstrated by the relative frequency of P-gp+ cells and by the amount of P-gp molecules present on cell surface. Functionally, incubation with darunavir led to a marked inhibition of P-gp activity measured by the efflux of rhodamine-123 similar to that observed by verapamil, a specific P-gp inhibitor. Raltegravir was not able to modify the efflux of rhodamine-123 level. Data show that darunavir, unlike raltegravir, may modify the expression and functionality of P-gp on human lymphocytes, thus leading to potential changes in intracellular concentrations of darunavir in patients treated with other drugs substrate of P-gp and vice versa. Our study highlights the need for studies on drug interactions via the P-gp modulation mechanism, especially with the current multi-drug regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Tempestilli
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy.
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Gupta VK, Bhalla Y, Jaitak V. Impact of ABC transporters, glutathione conjugates in MDR and their modulation by flavonoids: an overview. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0612-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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71
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Kobori T, Harada S, Nakamoto K, Tokuyama S. Time-Dependent Changes in the Activation of RhoA/ROCK and ERM/p-ERM in the Increased Expression of Intestinal P-Glycoprotein by Repeated Oral Treatment with Etoposide. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:1670-82. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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72
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Lee J, Moy S, Meijer J, Krauwinkel W, Sawamoto T, Kerbusch V, Kowalski D, Roy M, Marion A, Takusagawa S, van Gelderen M, Keirns J. Role of Cytochrome P450 Isoenzymes 3A and 2D6 in the In Vivo Metabolism of Mirabegron, a β3-Adrenoceptor Agonist. Clin Drug Investig 2013; 33:429-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s40261-013-0084-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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73
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Ruxrungtham K, Boyd M, Bellibas SE, Zhang X, Dorr A, Kolis S, Kinchelow T, Buss N, Patel IH. Lack of Interaction between Enfuvirtide and Ritonavir or Ritonavir-Boosted Saquinavir in HIV-1-Infected Patients. J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 44:793-803. [PMID: 15199084 DOI: 10.1177/0091270004266489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) is an HIV fusion inhibitor, the first drug in a new class of antiretrovirals. The HIV protease inhibitors ritonavir and saquinavir both inhibit cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoenzymes, and low-dose ritonavir is often used to boost pharmacokinetic exposure to full-dose protease inhibitors. These two studies were designed to assess whether ritonavir and ritonavir-boosted saquinavir influence the steady-state pharmacokinetics of enfuvirtide. Both studies were single-center, open-label, one-sequence crossover clinical pharmacology studies in 12 HIV-1-infected patients each. Patients received enfuvirtide (90 mg twice daily [bid], subcutaneous injection) for 7 days and either ritonavir (200 mg bid, ritonavir study, orally) or saquinavir/ritonavir (1000/100 mg bid, saquinavir/ritonavir study, orally) for 4 days on days 4 to 7. Serial blood samples were collected up to 24 hours after the morning dose of enfuvirtide on days 3 and 7. Plasma concentrations for enfuvirtide, enfuvirtide metabolite, saquinavir, and ritonavir were measured using validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry methods. Efficacy and safety were also monitored. Bioequivalence criteria require the 90% confidence interval (CI) for the least squares means (LSM) of C(max) and AUC(12h) to be between 80% and 125%. In the present studies, analysis of variance showed that when coadministered with ritonavir, the ratio of LSM for enfuvirtide was 124% for C(max) (90% confidence interval [CI]: 109%-141%), 122% for AUC(12h) (90% CI: 108%-137%), and 114% for C(trough) (90% CI: 102%-128%). Although the bioequivalence criteria were not met, the increase in enfuvirtide exposure was small (< 25%) and not clinically relevant. When administered with ritonavir-boosted saquinavir, the ratio of LSM for enfuvirtide was 107% for C(max) (90% CI: 94.3%-121%) and 114% for AUC(12h) (90% CI: 105%-124%), which therefore met bioequivalence criteria, and 126% for C(trough) (90% CI: 117%-135%). The pharmacokinetics of enfuvirtide are affected to a small extent when coadministered with ritonavir at a dose of 200 mg bid but not when coadministered with a saquinavir-ritonavir combination (1000/100 mg bid). However, previous clinical studies have shown that such increases in enfuvirtide exposure are not clinically relevant. Thus, no dosage adjustments are warranted when enfuvirtide is coadministered with low-dose ritonavir or saquinavir boosted with a low dose of ritonavir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiat Ruxrungtham
- Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Rama 4 Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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74
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Huang SM, Lesko LJ. Drug-Drug, Drug-Dietary Supplement, and Drug-Citrus Fruit and Other Food Interactions: What Have We Learned? J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 44:559-69. [PMID: 15145962 DOI: 10.1177/0091270004265367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Serious drug-drug interactions have contributed to recent U.S. market withdrawals and also recent nonapprovals of a few new molecular entities. Many of these interactions involved the inhibition or induction of metabolizing enzymes and efflux transporters, resulting in altered systemic exposure and adverse drug reactions or loss of efficacy. In addition to drug-drug interactions, drug-dietary supplement and drug-citrus fruit interactions, among others, could also cause adverse drug reactions or loss of efficacy and are important issues to consider in the evaluation of new drug candidates. This commentary reviews (1). the current understanding of the mechanistic basis of these interactions, (2). issues to consider in the interpretation of study results, and (3). recent labeling examples to illustrate the translation of study results to information useful for patients and health care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiew-Mei Huang
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmaceutics, HFD-850, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, PKLN 6A/19, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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Strouse JJ, Ivnitski-Steele I, Waller A, Young SM, Perez D, Evangelisti AM, Ursu O, Bologa CG, Carter MB, Salas VM, Tegos G, Larson RS, Oprea TI, Edwards BS, Sklar LA. Fluorescent substrates for flow cytometric evaluation of efflux inhibition in ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2 transporters. Anal Biochem 2013; 437:77-87. [PMID: 23470221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
ATP binding cassette (ABC) transmembrane efflux pumps such as P-glycoprotein (ABCB1), multidrug resistance protein 1 (ABCC1), and breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) play an important role in anticancer drug resistance. A large number of structurally and functionally diverse compounds act as substrates or modulators of these pumps. In vitro assessment of the affinity of drug candidates for multidrug resistance proteins is central to predict in vivo pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize new substrates for these transporters. As part of a collaborative project with Life Technologies, 102 fluorescent probes were investigated in a flow cytometric screen of ABC transporters. The primary screen compared substrate efflux activity in parental cell lines with their corresponding highly expressing resistant counterparts. The fluorescent compound library included a range of excitation/emission profiles and required dual laser excitation as well as multiple fluorescence detection channels. A total of 31 substrates with active efflux in one or more pumps and practical fluorescence response ranges were identified and tested for interaction with eight known inhibitors. This screening approach provides an efficient tool for identification and characterization of new fluorescent substrates for ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jacob Strouse
- Cytometry, Cancer Research and Treatment Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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Hassan HE, Myers AL, Lee IJ, Mason CW, Wang D, Sinz MW, Wang H, Eddington ND. Induction of Xenobiotic Receptors, Transporters, and Drug Metabolizing Enzymes by Oxycodone. Drug Metab Dispos 2013; 41:1060-9. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.112.050401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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77
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Wang SY, Duan KM, Li Y, Mei Y, Sheng H, Liu H, Mei X, Ouyang W, Zhou HH, Liu ZQ. Effect of quercetin on P-glycoprotein transport ability in Chinese healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67:390-4. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Ballent M, Wilkens MR, Maté L, Muscher AS, Virkel G, Sallovitz J, Schröder B, Lanusse C, Lifschitz A. P-glycoprotein in sheep liver and small intestine: gene expression and transport efflux activity. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2013; 36:576-82. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ballent
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Laboratorio de Farmacología; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); UNCPBA; Tandil Argentina
| | - M. R. Wilkens
- Department of Physiology; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - L. Maté
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Laboratorio de Farmacología; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); UNCPBA; Tandil Argentina
| | - A. S. Muscher
- Department of Physiology; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - G. Virkel
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Laboratorio de Farmacología; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); UNCPBA; Tandil Argentina
| | - J. Sallovitz
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Laboratorio de Farmacología; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); UNCPBA; Tandil Argentina
| | - B. Schröder
- Department of Physiology; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - C. Lanusse
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Laboratorio de Farmacología; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); UNCPBA; Tandil Argentina
| | - A. Lifschitz
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Laboratorio de Farmacología; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); UNCPBA; Tandil Argentina
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Kobori T, Harada S, Nakamoto K, Tokuyama S. Functional Alterations of Intestinal P-Glycoprotein under Diabetic Conditions. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 36:1381-90. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b13-00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Kobori
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Shinichi Harada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Kazuo Nakamoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Shogo Tokuyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
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Lee KS, Chae SW, Park JH, Park JH, Choi JM, Rhie SJY, Lee HJ. Effects of single or repeated silymarin administration on pharmacokinetics of risperidone and its major metabolite, 9-hydroxyrisperidone in rats. Xenobiotica 2012. [PMID: 23205514 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2012.731092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
1. The interactions between herbal dietary supplements and therapeutic drugs have emerged as an important issue and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) has been reported as one of the significant factors of these interactions. 2. The objective of this article is to examine the effects of single and repeated administrations of silymarin on pharmacokinetics of a P-gp substrate, risperidone, and its major metabolite, 9-hydroxyrisperidone, in rats. 3. To determine the plasma levels of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone in rats, a HPLC method was developed using a liquid-liquid acid back extraction. When risperidone (6 mg/kg) was co-administered with silymarin (40 mg/kg) to rats orally, the C(max) of 9-hydroxyrisperidone was significantly increased to1.3-fold (p < 0.05), while the other pharmacokinetic parameters did not show any significant differences. Expanding the experiment where rats were repeatedly administered with silymarin for 5 days prior to giving risperidone, the C(max) of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone were significantly increased to 2.4-fold (p < 0.001) and 1.7-fold (p < 0.001), respectively, and the AUC(0-t), as well to 1.7-fold (p < 0.05) and 2.1-fold (p < 0.01), respectively. 4. The repeated exposures of silymarin, compared to single administration of silymarin, increased oral bioavailability and affected the pharmacokinetics of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone, by inhibiting P-gp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Sin Lee
- Center for Cell Signaling & Drug Discovery Research, Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Lloberas M, Alvarez L, Entrocasso C, Virkel G, Ballent M, Mate L, Lanusse C, Lifschitz A. Comparative tissue pharmacokinetics and efficacy of moxidectin, abamectin and ivermectin in lambs infected with resistant nematodes: Impact of drug treatments on parasite P-glycoprotein expression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2012; 3:20-7. [PMID: 24533290 PMCID: PMC3862411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The high level of resistance to the macrocyclic lactones has encouraged the search for strategies to optimize their potential as antiparasitic agents. There is a need for pharmaco-parasitological studies addressing the kinetic-dynamic differences between various macrocyclic lactones under standardized in vivo conditions. The current work evaluated the relationship among systemic drug exposure, target tissue availabilities and the pattern of drug accumulation within resistant Haemonchus contortus for moxidectin, abamectin and ivermectin. Drug concentrations in plasma, target tissues and parasites were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Additionally, the efficacy of the three molecules was evaluated in lambs infected with resistant nematodes by classical parasitological methods. Furthermore, the comparative determination of the level of expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp2) in H. contortus recovered from lambs treated with each drug was performed by real time PCR. A longer persistence of moxidectin (P < 0.05) concentrations in plasma was observed. The concentrations of the three compounds in the mucosal tissue and digestive contents were significant higher than those measured in plasma. Drug concentrations were in a range between 452 ng/g (0.5 day post-treatment) and 32 ng/g (2 days post-treatment) in the gastrointestinal (GI) contents (abomasal and intestinal). Concentrations of the three compounds in H. contortus were in a similar range to those observed in the abomasal contents (positive correlation P = 0.0002). Lower moxidectin concentrations were recovered within adult H. contortus compared to abamectin and ivermectin at day 2 post-treatment. However, the efficacy against H. contortus was 20.1% (ivermectin), 39.7% (abamectin) and 89.6% (moxidectin). Only the ivermectin treatment induced an enhancement on the expression of P-gp2 in the recovered adult H. contortus, reaching higher values at 12 and 24 h post-administration compared to control (untreated) worms. This comparative pharmacological evaluation of three of the most used macrocyclic lactones compounds provides new insights into the action of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Lloberas
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Balcarce, Balcarce 7620, Argentina
| | - Luis Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - Carlos Entrocasso
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Balcarce, Balcarce 7620, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Virkel
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - Mariana Ballent
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - Laura Mate
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - Carlos Lanusse
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - Adrian Lifschitz
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
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Kobori T, Kobayashi M, Harada S, Nakamoto K, Fujita-Hamabe W, Tokuyama S. RhoA affects oral morphine analgesia depending on functional variation in intestinal P-glycoprotein induced by repeated etoposide treatment. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 47:934-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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83
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Wang GY, Tu P, Chen X, Guo YG, Jiang SX. Effect of three polyether ionophores on pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in male broilers. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36:494-501. [PMID: 23067134 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) may adversely affect the prevention and cure of diseases. The effects of three polyether ionophore antibiotics, salinomycin (SAL), monensin (MON), and maduramycin (MAD) on the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol (FFC) were investigated in broilers. The chickens were fed rations with or without SAL (60 mg/kg feeds), MON (120 mg/kg feeds), or MAD (5 mg/kg feeds) for 14 consecutive days. FFC was given to the chickens either intravenously (i.v.) or orally (p.o.) at a single dose of 30 mg/kg body weight. Blood samples were taken from each chicken at 0-24 h postadministration of FFC. The plasma concentration of FFC was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The plasma concentration of FFC decreased with i.v. or p.o. co-administration of SAL, MON, or MAD in broilers, implying occurrence of DDIs during the co-administration of FFC with these ionophores. Our findings suggest that more attention should be given to the use of FFC to treat bacterial infections in chickens supplemented with polyether ionophore antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- G-Y Wang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Animal College of Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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84
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Van der Veldt AAM, Lammertsma AA, Smit EF. Scheduling of anticancer drugs: timing may be everything. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:4339-43. [PMID: 23032365 DOI: 10.4161/cc.22187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cancer patients are treated with a combination of anticancer drugs. Here, we discuss the importance of drug scheduling and the need for studies that investigate the optimal timing of the various anticancer drugs. Positron emission tomography (PET) using radiolabeled anticancer drugs could be an important tool for those studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid A M Van der Veldt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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85
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Comparison of brain capillary endothelial cell-based and epithelial (MDCK-MDR1, Caco-2, and VB-Caco-2) cell-based surrogate blood–brain barrier penetration models. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 82:340-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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86
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Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a transmembrane permeability glycoprotein, is a member of ATP binding cassette (ABC) super family that functions specifically as a carrier mediated primary active efflux transporter. It is widely distributed throughout the body and has a diverse range of substrates. Several vital therapeutic agents are substrates to P-gp and their bioavailability is lowered or a resistance is induced because of the protein efflux. Hence P-gp inhibitors were explored for overcoming multidrug resistance and poor bioavailability problems of the therapeutic P-gp substrates. The sensitivity of drug moieties to P-gp and vice versa can be established by various experimental models in silico, in vitro and in vivo. Ever since the discovery of P-gp, the research plethora identified several chemical structures as P-gp inhibitors. The aim of this review was to emphasize on the discovery and development of newer, inert, non-toxic, and more efficient, specifically targeting P-gp inhibitors, like those among the natural herb extracts, pharmaceutical excipients and formulations, and other rational drug moieties. The applications of cellular and molecular biology knowledge, in silico designed structural databases, molecular modeling studies and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analyses in the development of novel rational P-gp inhibitors have also been mentioned.
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87
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88
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Härtter S, Sennewald R, Schepers C, Baumann S, Fritsch H, Friedman J. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of comedication of clopidogrel and dabigatran etexilate in healthy male volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012; 69:327-39. [PMID: 22782539 PMCID: PMC3572379 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-012-1304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of concomitant administration of single loading doses of clopidogrel or multiple doses of clopidogrel with multiple doses of dabigatran etexilate. Methods This was an open-label trial in healthy male subjects. In part 1 (pilot, n = 8) and part 3 (n = 12), a single dose of clopidogrel (300 or 600 mg, respectively) was given concomitantly with dabigatran etexilate at steady state; part 2 was a randomized, multiple-dose, crossover study with the test treatment being clopidogrel at steady state [300 mg loading dose on day 1, then 75 mg once daily (qd)] with concomitant dabigatran. Results Bioavailability was moderately increased when a loading dose of clopidogrel (300 mg in part 1 and 600 mg in part 3) was administered concomitantly with dabigatran etexilate 150 mg twice daily (bid). Test/reference ratios for AUCτ,ss were 135% (90% CI 107–169%) and 132% (90% CI 112–156%), respectively. Steady-state dosing of clopidogrel 75 mg qd and dabigatran etexilate 150 mg bid (part 2) demonstrated minor effects on dabigatran pharmacokinetics (AUCτ,ss ratio test/reference: 91.9%, 90% CI 78.7–107%) or its pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships (activated partial thromboplastin time, ecarin clotting time, thrombin time). Similarly, clopidogrel bioavailability remained unchanged by chronic administration of dabigatran etexilate (part 3: ratio test/reference for AUC0−24 was 103%; 90% CI 80.3–131%), as did its pharmacodynamic effects on the inhibition of platelet aggregation. Conclusions When given concomitantly, dabigatran etexilate and clopidogrel at clinically relevant doses did not appear to have significant effects on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of either agent. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00228-012-1304-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Härtter
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Regina Sennewald
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schepers
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Medical Data Services, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Sybille Baumann
- CRS, Clinical Research Services Mannheim GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Holger Fritsch
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
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89
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Leong MK, Chen HB, Shih YH. Prediction of promiscuous p-glycoprotein inhibition using a novel machine learning scheme. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33829. [PMID: 22439003 PMCID: PMC3306300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an ATP-dependent membrane transporter that plays a pivotal role in eliminating xenobiotics by active extrusion of xenobiotics from the cell. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is highly associated with the over-expression of P-gp by cells, resulting in increased efflux of chemotherapeutical agents and reduction of intracellular drug accumulation. It is of clinical importance to develop a P-gp inhibition predictive model in the process of drug discovery and development. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS An in silico model was derived to predict the inhibition of P-gp using the newly invented pharmacophore ensemble/support vector machine (PhE/SVM) scheme based on the data compiled from the literature. The predictions by the PhE/SVM model were found to be in good agreement with the observed values for those structurally diverse molecules in the training set (n = 31, r(2) = 0.89, q(2) = 0.86, RMSE = 0.40, s = 0.28), the test set (n = 88, r(2) = 0.87, RMSE = 0.39, s = 0.25) and the outlier set (n = 11, r(2) = 0.96, RMSE = 0.10, s = 0.05). The generated PhE/SVM model also showed high accuracy when subjected to those validation criteria generally adopted to gauge the predictivity of a theoretical model. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This accurate, fast and robust PhE/SVM model that can take into account the promiscuous nature of P-gp can be applied to predict the P-gp inhibition of structurally diverse compounds that otherwise cannot be done by any other methods in a high-throughput fashion to facilitate drug discovery and development by designing drug candidates with better metabolism profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max K Leong
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan.
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90
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Ma RH, Yang J, Qi LW, Xin GZ, Wang CZ, Yuan CS, Wen XD, Li P. In vivo microdialysis with LC–MS for analysis of spinosin and its interaction with cyclosporin A in rat brain, blood and bile. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 61:22-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Revised: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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91
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Abuznait AH, Patrick SG, Kaddoumi A. Exposure of LS-180 cells to drugs of diverse physicochemical and therapeutic properties up-regulates P-glycoprotein expression and activity. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2012; 14:236-48. [PMID: 21733412 DOI: 10.18433/j36016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Drug transporters are increasingly recognized as important determinants of variability in drug disposition and therapeutic response, both in pre-clinical and clinical stages of drug development process. The role P-glycoprotein (P-gp) plays in drug interactions via its inhibition is well established. However, much less knowledge is available about drugs effect on P-gp up-regulation. The objective of this work was to in vitro investigate and rank commonly used drugs according to their potencies to up-regulate P-gp activity utilizing the same experimental conditions. METHODS The in vitro potencies of several drugs of diverse physicochemical and therapeutic properties including rifampicin, dexamethasone, caffeine, verapamil, pentylenetetrazole, hyperforin, and β-estradiol over broad concentration range to up-regulate P-gp expression and activity were examined. For dose-response studies, LS-180 cells were treated with different concentrations of the selected drugs followed by P-gp protein and gene expressions analyses. P-gp functionality was determined by uptake studies with rhodamine 123 as a P-gp substrate, followed by Emax/EC50 evaluation. RESULTS The results demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in P-gp expression and activity following treatments. At 50 uM concentration (hyperforin, 0.1 uM), examined drugs increased P-gp protein and gene expressions by up to 5.5 and 6.2-fold, respectively, while enhanced P-gp activity by 1.8-4-fold. The rank order of these drugs potencies to up-regulate P-gp activity was as following: hyperforin >>> dexamethasone ~ beta-estradiol > caffeine > rifampicin ~ pentylenetetrazole > verapamil. CONCLUSIONS These drugs have the potential to be involved in drug interactions when administered with other drugs that are P-gp substrates. Further studies are needed to in vivo evaluate these drugs and verify the consequences of such induction on P-gp activity for in vitro-in vivo correlation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa H Abuznait
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, USA
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92
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A semimechanistic pharmacokinetic-enzyme turnover model for rifampin autoinduction in adult tuberculosis patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56:2091-8. [PMID: 22252827 DOI: 10.1128/aac.05792-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The currently recommended doses of rifampin are believed to be at the lower end of the dose-response curve. Rifampin induces its own metabolism, although the effect of dose on the extent of autoinduction is not known. This study aimed to investigate rifampin autoinduction using a semimechanistic pharmacokinetic-enzyme turnover model. Four different structural basic models were explored to assess whether different scaling methods affected the final covariate selection procedure. Covariates were selected by using a linearized approach. The final model included the allometric scaling of oral clearance and apparent volume of distribution. Although HIV infection was associated with a 30% increase in the apparent volume of distribution, simulations demonstrated that the effect of HIV on rifampin exposure was slight. Model-based simulations showed close-to-maximum induction achieved after 450-mg daily dosing, since negligible increases in oral clearance were observed following the 600-mg/day regimen. Thus, dosing above 600 mg/day is unlikely to result in higher magnitudes of autoinduction. In a typical 55-kg male without HIV infection, the oral clearance, which was 7.76 liters · h⁻¹ at the first dose, increased 1.82- and 1.85-fold at steady state after daily dosing with 450 and 600 mg, respectively. Corresponding reductions of 41 and 42%, respectively, in the area under the concentration-versus-time curve from 0 to 24 h were estimated. The turnover of the inducible process was estimated to have a half-life of approximately 8 days in a typical patient. Assuming 5 half-lives to steady state, this corresponds to a duration of approximately 40 days to reach the induced state for rifampin autoinduction.
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93
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Gulseth MP, Wittkowsky AK, Fanikos J, Spinler SA, Dager WE, Nutescu EA. Dabigatran Etexilate in Clinical Practice: Confronting Challenges to Improve Safety and Effectiveness. Pharmacotherapy 2011; 31:1232-49. [DOI: 10.1592/phco.31.12.1232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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94
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Palmason S, Marty FM, Treister NS. How Do We Manage Oral Infections in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation and Other Severely Immunocompromised Patients? Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2011; 23:579-99, vii. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2011.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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95
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Srirangam P, Vidya SJ. Modulation of the p-glycoproein-mediated intestinal secretion of glibenclamide: in vitro and in vivo assessments. J Young Pharm 2011; 2:379-83. [PMID: 21264098 PMCID: PMC3019377 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1483.71632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The everted gut sac method was used to assess the role of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) on the intestinal secretion of glibenclamide, a prototype of drug used to treat diabetic mellitus. The study included the evaluation of a P-gp modulator carbamazepine used at equimolar doses in the rat. Furthermore, the influence of carbamazepine on the disposition kinetics of glibenclamide in plasma was characterized. For the in vitro experiments, ileal sacs were incubated with glibenclamide in the presence or absence of carbamazepine. In the in vivo experiments, albino rats of either sex were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 6) and oral treatment with glibenclamide (3.6 mg/kg), alone and coadministration with carbamazepine (90 mg/kg). Blood samples were collected at an interval of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h, respectively. Glibenclamide concentrations in both in vitro and in vivo samples were estimated by a sensitive RP-HPLC method. The rate of glibenclamide accumulation in the intestine wall of everted sacs was significantly lower after its incubation with carbamazepine when compared to glibenclamide alone treated. In the agreement with the in vivo and in vitro experiments, the presence of carbamazepine induced an enhancement in the concentrations of glibenclamide in plasma and gastrointestinal tract. The results obtained in this study, both under in vivo and in vitro conditions confirm the relevance of P-gp-mediated transport to the intestinal secretion of glibenclamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Srirangam
- Department of Pharmacology, Vaagdevi College of Pharmacy, Warangal, AP, India
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96
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Dodds-Ashley E. Management of drug and food interactions with azole antifungal agents in transplant recipients. Pharmacotherapy 2011; 30:842-54. [PMID: 20653361 DOI: 10.1592/phco.30.8.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Azole antifungal agents are frequently used in hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients for prevention or treatment of invasive fungal infections. However, because of metabolism by or substrate activity for various isoenzymes of the cytochrome P450 system and/or P-glycoprotein, azole antifungals have the potential to interact with many of the drugs commonly used in these patient populations. Thus, to identify drug interactions that may result between azole antifungals and other drugs, we conducted a literature search of the MEDLINE database (1966-December 2009) for English-language articles on drug interaction studies involving the azole antifungal agents fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole. Another literature search between each of the azoles and the immunosuppressants cyclosporine, tacrolimus, and sirolimus, as well as the corticosteroids methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, prednisolone, and prednisone, was also conducted. Concomitant administration of azoles and immunosuppressive agents may cause clinically significant drug interactions resulting in extreme immunosuppression or toxicity. The magnitude and duration of an interaction between azoles and immunosuppressants are not class effects of the azoles, but differ between drug combinations and are subject to interpatient variability. Drug interactions in the transplant recipient receiving azole therapy may also occur with antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, and acid-suppressive therapies, among other drugs. Initiation of an azole antifungal in transplant recipients nearly ensures a drug-drug interaction, but often these drugs are required. Management of these interactions first involves knowledge of the potential drug interaction, appropriate dosage adjustments when necessary, and therapeutic or clinical monitoring at an appropriate point in therapy to assess the drug-drug interaction (e.g., immunosuppressive drug concentrations, signs and symptoms of toxicity). These aspects of drug interaction management are essential not only at the initiation of azole antifungal therapy, but also when these agents are removed from the regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Dodds-Ashley
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.
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97
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Chen L, Li Y, Zhao Q, Peng H, Hou T. ADME Evaluation in Drug Discovery. 10. Predictions of P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors Using Recursive Partitioning and Naive Bayesian Classification Techniques. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:889-900. [DOI: 10.1021/mp100465q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Youyong Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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98
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Homology modeling and binding site assessment of the human P-glycoprotein. Future Med Chem 2011; 3:297-307. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.10.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to its impact on multidrug resistance and pharmacokinetics P-glycoprotein (P-gp) has been identified as an important anti-target in pharmaceutical research. Recent publication of the mouse P-gp structure prompted us to build a new model for human P-gp and investigate its binding-site characteristics. Results: We developed and validated the human P-gp model that was used for induced-fit docking of experimentally characterized P-gp substrates. Residues located in the binding pocket are in good correlation with the results of side-directed mutagenesis studies. However, enrichment studies aimed at discriminating inhibitors and substrates from decoys resulted in only limited enrichments. Conclusion: A mouse P-gp-based homology model might be useful when analyzing protein–ligand interactions of known human P-gp substrates if induced-fit effects are considered.
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99
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Teratogenic and cytogenetic effects of ivermectin and its interaction with P-glycoprotein inhibitor. Res Vet Sci 2011; 90:116-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Revised: 04/30/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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100
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Hon YY, Chamberlain CE, Kleiner DE, Ring MS, Hale DA, Kirk AD, Mannon RB. Evaluation of tacrolimus abbreviated area-under-the-curve monitoring in renal transplant patients who are potentially at risk for adverse events. Clin Transplant 2011; 24:557-63. [PMID: 19925470 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2009.01143.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In a cohort of 32 renal transplant patients who are potentially at risk for adverse events, we compared tacrolimus (TAC) abbreviated AUC values calculated by a method developed in Asians (AUCw) with those derived for Caucasians (AUCa). The relationships between TAC trough (C0), abbreviated AUC, and biopsy results were also assessed. Forty-eight AUCs and 15 associated biopsies were evaluated. For AUCs obtained only from Caucasian patients, median AUCw value was lower than that of AUCa (104 vs. 115 ng×h/mL, n=29, p<0.0001). AUCs obtained from the two methods for all patients correlated with C0 (rs>0.72, n=48, p<0.0001). Median AUCw (72.9 vs. 174 ng×h/mL, p=0.043) and AUCa (81.0 vs. 203 ng×h/mL, p=0.043) were lower in patients experiencing biopsy-proven acute rejection (AR) than those with normal histology. C0 tended to be lower in biopsies showing AR>6 months post-transplant (5.80 vs. 11.0 ng/mL, p=0.110). Thus, lower abbreviated AUCs were obtained for Caucasians using a method developed in Asians. C0 correlated well with abbreviated AUCs. Lower C0 and AUC appeared to be associated with biopsy-proven AR>6 months post-transplant. Further prospective evaluation of TAC AUC and C0 monitoring in a larger cohort of patients is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Yi Hon
- Pharmacy Department, Clinical Center, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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