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Rozmer Z, Perjési P. Naturally occurring chalcones and their biological activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2016. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-014-9387-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
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52
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Sulzberger M, Worthmann AC, Holtzmann U, Buck B, Jung K, Schoelermann A, Rippke F, Stäb F, Wenck H, Neufang G, Grönniger E. Effective treatment for sensitive skin: 4-t-butylcyclohexanol and licochalcone A. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30 Suppl 1:9-17. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Sulzberger
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | | | - U. Holtzmann
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - B. Buck
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - K.A. Jung
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | | | - F. Rippke
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - F. Stäb
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - H. Wenck
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - G. Neufang
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - E. Grönniger
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
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Nrf2–ARE pathway: An emerging target against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 157:84-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Hofmann E, Webster J, Do T, Kline R, Snider L, Hauser Q, Higginbottom G, Campbell A, Ma L, Paula S. Hydroxylated chalcones with dual properties: Xanthine oxidase inhibitors and radical scavengers. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 24:578-87. [PMID: 26762836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the abilities of a series of chalcones to inhibit the activity of the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) and to scavenge radicals. 20 mono- and polyhydroxylated chalcone derivatives were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation reactions and then tested for inhibitory potency against XO, a known generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In parallel, the ability of the synthesized chalcones to scavenge a stable radical was determined. Structure-activity relationship analysis in conjunction with molecular docking indicated that the most active XO inhibitors carried a minimum of three hydroxyl groups. Moreover, the most effective radical scavengers had two neighboring hydroxyl groups on at least one of the two phenyl rings. Since it has been proposed previously that XO inhibition and radical scavenging could be useful properties for reduction of ROS-levels in tissue, we determined the chalcones' effects to rescue neurons subjected to ROS-induced stress created by the addition of β-amyloid peptide. Best protection was provided by chalcones that combined good inhibitory potency with high radical scavenging ability in a single molecule, an observation that points to a potential therapeutic value of this compound class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Sciences Center, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099-1905, USA
| | - Jonathan Webster
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Sciences Center, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099-1905, USA
| | - Thuy Do
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Sciences Center, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099-1905, USA
| | - Reid Kline
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Sciences Center, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099-1905, USA
| | - Lindsey Snider
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Sciences Center, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099-1905, USA
| | - Quintin Hauser
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Sciences Center, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099-1905, USA
| | - Grace Higginbottom
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084, USA
| | - Austin Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084, USA
| | - Lili Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Sciences Center, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099-1905, USA
| | - Stefan Paula
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Sciences Center, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099-1905, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, 175 South University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2063, USA.
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Kim HS, Im NR, Park SN. Enhanced Antimicrobial Activities and Physicochemical Characteristics of Isoliquiritigenin Encapsulated in Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin. APPLIED CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.14478/ace.2015.1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Aleixo de Carvalho LS, Geraldo RB, de Moraes J, Silva Pinto PL, de Faria Pinto P, Pereira ODS, Da Silva Filho AA. Schistosomicidal activity and docking of Schistosoma mansoni ATPDase 1 with licoflavone B isolated from Glycyrrhiza inflata (Fabaceae). Exp Parasitol 2015; 159:207-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lico A Enhances Nrf2-Mediated Defense Mechanisms against t-BHP-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cell Death via Akt and ERK Activation in RAW 264.7 Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:709845. [PMID: 26576227 PMCID: PMC4630662 DOI: 10.1155/2015/709845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Licochalcone A (Lico A) exhibits various biological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In this study, we investigated the antioxidative potential and mechanisms of Lico A against tert-butyl hydroperoxide- (t-BHP-) induced oxidative damage in RAW 264.7 cells. Our results indicated that Lico A significantly inhibited t-BHP-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and reduced glutathione (GSH) depletion but increased the glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier (GCLM) subunit and the glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) subunit genes expression. Additionally, Lico A dramatically upregulated the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which were associated with inducing Nrf2 nuclear translocation, decreasing Keap1 protein expression and increasing antioxidant response element (ARE) promoter activity. Lico A also obviously induced the activation of serine/threonine kinase (Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), but PI3K/Akt and ERK inhibitors treatment displayed clearly decreased levels of LicoA-induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation and HO-1 expression, respectively. Furthermore, Lico A treatment markedly attenuated t-BHP-induced oxidative damage, which was reduced by treatment with PI3K/Akt, ERK, and HO-1 inhibitors. Therefore, Lico A might have a protective role against t-BHP-induced cytotoxicity by modulating HO-1 and by scavenging ROS via the activation of the PI3K/Akt and ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Prasad AK, Mishra P. Mechanism of Action of Sulforaphane as a Superoxide Radical Anion and Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenger by Double Hydrogen Transfer: A Model for Iron Superoxide Dismutase. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:7825-36. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Kumar Prasad
- Department
of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - P.C. Mishra
- Department
of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
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Cardioprotective Effect of Licochalcone D against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Langendorff-Perfused Rat Hearts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128375. [PMID: 26058040 PMCID: PMC4461317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are important components of ‘functional foods’, with beneficial effects on cardiovascular function. The present study was designed to investigate whether licochalcone D (LD) could be a cardioprotective agent in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and to shed light on its possible mechanism. Compared with the I/R group, LD treatment enhanced myocardial function (increased LVDP, dp/dtmax, dp/dtmin, HR and CR) and suppressed cardiac injury (decreased LDH, CK and myocardial infarct size). Moreover, LD treatment reversed the I/R-induced cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP, resulting in a significant decrease in proinflammatory factors and an increase in antioxidant capacity in I/R myocardial tissue. The mechanisms underlying the antiapoptosis, antiinflammation and antioxidant effects were related to the activation of the AKT pathway and to the blockage of the NF-κB/p65 and p38 MAPK pathways in the I/R-injured heart. Additionally, LD treatment markedly activated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and reduced nitric oxide (NO) production. The findings indicated that LD had real cardioprotective potential and provided support for the use of LD in myocardial I/R injury.
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Hedayati A, Ghoreishi S. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of glycyrrhizic acid from licorice plant root using binary entrainer: Experimental optimization via response surface methodology. J Supercrit Fluids 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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61
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Kühnl J, Roggenkamp D, Gehrke SA, Stäb F, Wenck H, Kolbe L, Neufang G. Licochalcone A activates Nrf2 in vitro and contributes to licorice extract-induced lowered cutaneous oxidative stress in vivo. Exp Dermatol 2014; 24:42-7. [PMID: 25381913 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The retrochalcone licochalcone A (LicA) has previously been shown to possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we focused on pathways responsible for the antioxidative properties of LicA. In vitro, LicA protected from oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating the expression of cytoprotective phase II enzymes. LicA induced nuclear translocation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in primary human fibroblasts and elevated the expression of the cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory enzymes heme oxygenase 1 and glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit. LicA-treated cells displayed a higher ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione and decreased concentrations of ROS in UVA-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts, as well as in activated neutrophils. In vivo, ultraweak photon emission analysis of skin treated with LicA-rich licorice extract revealed a significantly lowered UVA-induced luminescence, indicative for a decrease in oxidative processes. We conclude from these data that topical application of licorice extract is a promising approach to induce Nrf2-dependent cytoprotection in human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Kühnl
- Beiersdorf AG, Research Skin Care, Hamburg, Germany
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62
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Jung SK, Lee MH, Lim DY, Kim JE, Singh P, Lee SY, Jeong CH, Lim TG, Chen H, Chi YI, Kundu JK, Lee NH, Lee CC, Cho YY, Bode AM, Lee KW, Dong Z. Isoliquiritigenin induces apoptosis and inhibits xenograft tumor growth of human lung cancer cells by targeting both wild type and L858R/T790M mutant EGFR. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:35839-48. [PMID: 25368326 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.585513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with diverse genetic alterations including mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Isoliquiritigenin (ILQ), a chalcone derivative, possesses anticancer activities. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ILQ on the growth of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cells and elucidated its underlying mechanisms. Treatment with ILQ inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in both TKI-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cells. ILQ-induced apoptosis was associated with the cleavage of caspase-3 and poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase, increased expression of Bim, and reduced expression of Bcl-2. In vitro kinase assay results revealed that ILQ inhibited the catalytic activity of both wild type and double mutant (L858R/T790M) EGFR. Treatment with ILQ inhibited the anchorage-independent growth of NIH3T3 cells stably transfected with either wild type or double-mutant EGFR with or without EGF stimulation. ILQ also reduced the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2 in both TKI-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cells, and attenuated the kinase activity of Akt1 and ERK2 in vitro. ILQ directly interacted with both wild type and double-mutant EGFR in an ATP-competitive manner. A docking model study showed that ILQ formed two hydrogen bonds (Glu-762 and Met-793) with wild type EGFR and three hydrogen bonds (Lys-745, Met-793, and Asp-855) with mutant EGFR. ILQ attenuated the xenograft tumor growth of H1975 cells, which was associated with decreased expression of Ki-67 and diminished phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2. Taken together, ILQ suppresses NSCLC cell growth by directly targeting wild type or mutant EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Keun Jung
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, Division of Metabolism and Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746 Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 420-743 South Korea
| | - Do Young Lim
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | - Jong Eun Kim
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 443-270 South Korea
| | - Puja Singh
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | - Sung-Young Lee
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 704-701 South Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Lim
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanyong Chen
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | - Young-In Chi
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | | | - Nam Hyouck Lee
- Division of Metabolism and Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746 Republic of Korea
| | - Charles C Lee
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, and
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 420-743 South Korea
| | - Ann M Bode
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 443-270 South Korea, WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Republic of Korea, Research Institute of Bio Food Industry, Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 232-916, Republic of Korea
| | - Zigang Dong
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912,
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Choi JS, Choi JS, Choi DH. Effects of licochalcone A on the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of nifedipine in rats: possible role of intestinal CYP3A4 and P-gp inhibition by licochalcone A. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2014; 35:382-90. [PMID: 24903704 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.1905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible effects of licochalcone A (a herbal medicine) on the pharmacokinetics of nifedipine and its main metabolite, dehydronifedipine, in rats. The pharmacokinetic parameters of nifedipine and/or dehydronifedipine were determined after oral and intravenous administration of nifedipine to rats in the absence (control) and presence of licochalcone A (0.4, 2.0 and 10 mg/kg). The effect of licochalcone A on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 activity was also evaluated. Nifedipine was mainly metabolized by CYP3A4. Licochalcone A inhibited CYP3A4 enzyme activity in a concentration-dependent manner with a 50% inhibition concentration (IC50 ) of 5.9 μm. In addition, licochalcone A significantly enhanced the cellular accumulation of rhodamine-123 in MCF-7/ADR cells overexpressing P-gp. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to infinity (AUC) and the peak plasma concentration (Cmax ) of oral nifedipine were significantly greater and higher, respectively, with licochalcone A. The metabolite (dehydronifedipine)-parent AUC ratio (MR) in the presence of licochalcone A was significantly smaller compared with the control group. The above data could be due to an inhibition of intestinal CYP3A4 and P-gp by licochalcone A. The AUCs of intravenous nifedipine were comparable without and with licochalcone A, suggesting that inhibition of hepatic CYP3A4 and P-gp was almost negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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64
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Kim SH, Yang M, Xu JG, Yu X, Qian XJ. Role of licochalcone A on thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression: implications for asthma. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 240:26-33. [PMID: 25055998 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214545020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the infiltration and accumulation of memory-like Th2 cells and eosinophils. Viral infection has emerged as the most common cause of severe episodes of asthma. For the treatment of bronchial asthma, the root of liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) has been used as a traditional medicine in the East and West. Licochalcone A is the predominant, characteristic chalcone in liquorice root. To determine whether licochalcone A possesses an anti-inflammatory effect, we tested its effect on the expression and production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in BEAS 2B cells and primary bronchial epithelial cells. We found that polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly-IC)-induced TSLP expression was suppressed by treatment with licochalcone A in a dose- and time-dependent manner. We also found that poly-IC-induced mRNA expression of other proinflammatory mediators such as MCP-1, RANTES, and IL-8 was suppressed by licochalcone A. Furthermore, licochalcone A suppressed poly-IC-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) nuclear translocation and DNA-binding activity by suppressing the Iκβ kinase (IKK) activity but not by direct phosphorylation of p65 at serine 276. Collectively, our findings suggest that licochalcone A suppresses poly-IC-induced TSLP expression and production by inhibiting the IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway, which might be involved in the pathogenesis of virus-exacerbated asthma. Further elucidation of the mechanisms underlying these observations can help develop therapeutic strategies for virally induced asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ho Kim
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jian-Gang Xu
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Qian
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
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Han JY, Park SH, Yang JH, Kim MG, Cho SS, Yoon G, Cheon SH, Ki SH. Licochalcone Suppresses LXRα-Induced Hepatic Lipogenic Gene Expression through AMPK/Sirt1 Pathway Activation. Toxicol Res 2014; 30:19-25. [PMID: 24795795 PMCID: PMC4007039 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2014.30.1.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone (LC), a major phenolic retrochalcone from licorice, has anti-inflammatory activity. This study investigated the effects of licochalcone A (LCA) and licochalcone E (LCE) on Liver X receptor-α (LXRα)-mediated lipogenic gene expression and the molecular mechanisms underlying those effects. LCA and LCE antagonized the ability of LXRα agonists (T0901317 or GW3965) to increase sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) expression and thereby inhibited target gene expression (e.g., FAS and ACC) in HepG2 cells. Moreover, treatment with LCA and LCE impaired LXRα/RXRα-induced CYP7A1-LXRE-luciferase (CYP7A1) transactivation. The AMPK-Sirt1 signaling pathway is an important regulator of energy metabolism and, therefore, a potential therapeutic target for metabolic diseases, including hepatic steatosis. We found here that LCE increased AMPK phosphorylation and Sirt1 expression. We conclude that LC inhibits SREBP-1c-mediated hepatic lipogenesis via activation of the AMPK/Sirt1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yun Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ji Hye Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Mi Gwang Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seung Sik Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Cheon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Ki
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
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Zhang X, Qiao H, Zhang T, Shi Y, Ni J. Enhancement of gastrointestinal absorption of isoliquiritigenin by nanostructured lipid carrier. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zeng G, Shen H, Yang Y, Cai X, Xun W. Licochalcone A as a potent antitumor agent suppresses growth of human oral cancer SCC-25 cells in vitro via caspase-3 dependent pathways. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:6549-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Qiao H, Zhang X, Wang T, Liang L, Chang W, Xia H. Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and bioavailability of isoliquiritigenin after intravenous and oral administration. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:228-236. [PMID: 24102672 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.832334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) has been shown to exhibit a variety of biological activities. However, there is little research on the pharmacokinetic behavior and tissues distribution of ISL. OBJECTIVE Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and bioavailability of ISL after intravenous and oral administration were determined by systematic investigation in Sprague-Dawley rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS ISL was dissolved in medicinal ethanol-Tween 80-0.9% sodium chloride saline in a volume ratio of 10:15:75. The ISL solution was injected in rats via a tail vein at a single dose of 10, 20 and 50 mg/kg and administered orally in rats at a single dose of 20, 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. Blood samples were collected at time intervals of 0.08, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 6, 8 and 12 h after intravenous injection. Tissues of interests in mice were collected immediately at each determined time point (0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 6 h) after cervical dislocation. RESULTS The dose-normalized AUC values were 7.3, 7.6 and 8.7 μg × h/ml (calculated based on the dose of 10 mg/kg) for intravenous doses of 10, 20 and 50 mg/kg, respectively. The elimination half-lifes (t1/2λ) were 4.9, 4.6 and 4.8 h at 10, 20 and 50 mg/kg intravenous doses, respectively. The F values were 29.86, 22.70, 33.62% for oral doses of 20, 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. Liver, heart and kidney were major distribution tissues of ISL in mice. The plasma protein binding of ISL in rats was 43.72%. CONCLUSION The work may useful for further study of the bioactive mechanism of ISL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qiao
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trial, First Hospital of Lanzhou University , Gansu , P.R. China and
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Kim SJ, Kim CG, Yun SR, Kim JK, Jun JG. Synthesis of licochalcone analogues with increased anti-inflammatory activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:181-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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71
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Hemamalini A, Das TM. Studies on the synthesis of a sugar triazole based ligand for protein and DNA binding. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04084h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bis-triazole derivatives accomplished by [3 + 2] cycloaddition methodology were well characterized. Interaction of bis-triazoles with BSA and CT-DNA had good correlation with experimental and docking studies. Compounds showed moderate to excellent antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thangamuthu Mohan Das
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Madras
- Chennai-600 025, India
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences
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72
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Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of six flavonoids separated from licorice. Food Chem 2013; 141:1063-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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73
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Sun C, Zhang H, Ma XF, Zhou X, Gan L, Liu YY, Wang ZH. Isoliquiritigenin enhances radiosensitivity of HepG2 cells via disturbance of redox status. Cell Biochem Biophys 2013; 65:433-44. [PMID: 23086355 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-012-9447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Redox balance plays an important role in the maintenance of cell growth and survival. Disturbance of this equilibrium can alter normal cellular processes. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) are often found in cancer cells. However, cancer cells have an efficient antioxidant system to counteract the increased generation of ROS. This high antioxidant capacity also favors resistance to drugs and radiation. Here, we show that isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a natural antioxidant, effectively decreased ROS in HepG2 cells in a time-dependant manner at 0.5, 1, and 2 h of treatment. The decreased ROS caused redox imbalance and reductive stress. To adapt to this state, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2, which regulates the antioxidant enzyme system, was significantly decreased. Antioxidant enzymes reached their lowest level at 6 h after ISL treatment. Endogenous ROS were still being generated so after 6 h of ISL treatment, ROS were clearly higher than before ISL treatment, causing redox imbalance in the HepG2 cells which changed from reductive to oxidative stress. At this stage, cells were irradiated with X-rays. The excess ROS induced serious oxidative stress, resulting in radiosensitization. Therefore, we concluded that ISL induced oxidative stress by disturbing the redox status and ultimately enhancing the radiosensitivity of HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
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74
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Sultan A, Raza AR, Abbas M, Khan KM, Tahir MN, Saari N. Evaluation of silica-H2SO4 as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of chalcones. Molecules 2013; 18:10081-94. [PMID: 23966089 PMCID: PMC6269839 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180810081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an efficient silica-H2SO4 mediated synthesis of a variety of chalcones that afforded the targeted compounds in very good yield compared to base catalyzed solvent free conditions as well as acid or base catalyzed refluxing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeysha Sultan
- Ibn e Sina Block, Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; E-Mails: (A.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Abdul Rauf Raza
- Ibn e Sina Block, Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; E-Mails: (A.S.); (M.A.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (A.R.R.); (N.S.); Tel.: +92-48-600-7432 (A.R.R.); +603-8946-8385 (N.S.); Fax: +92-48-923-0799 (A.R.R.); +603-8942-3552 (N.S.)
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Ibn e Sina Block, Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; E-Mails: (A.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical & Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; E-Mail:
| | - Muhammad Nawaz Tahir
- Ibn ul Haithum Block, Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; E-Mail:
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Department of Food Science, University Putra Malaysia, UPM 43400, Serdang, Malaysia; E-Mail:
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (A.R.R.); (N.S.); Tel.: +92-48-600-7432 (A.R.R.); +603-8946-8385 (N.S.); Fax: +92-48-923-0799 (A.R.R.); +603-8942-3552 (N.S.)
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75
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Wang Z, Cao Y, Paudel S, Yoon G, Cheon SH. Concise synthesis of licochalcone C and its regioisomer, licochalcone H. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 36:1432-6. [PMID: 23897165 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0222-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Licochalone C (7a) is a retrochalcone isolated from Glycyrrhiza inflata, which shows potent antioxidant properties and inhibition of bacterial growth and cellular respiration. Biological studies have suggested that licochalcone C attenuates the lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma induced inflammatory response by decreasing the expression and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase and modulating the antioxidant network activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activity. Licochalcone C also inhibits NADH-cytochrome C reductase in the membrane fraction of Micrococcus luteus. Since pharmacological activity studies of licochalcone C are ongoing and the yield of the compound is poor from natural product, we report a concise four step synthesis of licochalcone C (7a) and its regioisomer, tentatively called licochalcone H (7b), by employing acid-mediated Claisen-Schmidt condensation as a key step with 6 and 20 % overall yield, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengtao Wang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea
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76
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Zhao H, Yuan X, Li D, Chen H, Jiang J, Wang Z, Sun X, Zheng Q. Isoliquiritigen enhances the antitumour activity and decreases the genotoxic effect of cyclophosphamide. Molecules 2013; 18:8786-98. [PMID: 23887720 PMCID: PMC6270523 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18088786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antitumour activities and genotoxic effects of isoliquiritigenin (ISL) combined with cyclophosphamide (CP) in vitro and in vivo. U14 cells were treated with either of ISL (5-25 μg/mL) or CP (0.25-1.25 mg/mL) alone or with combination of ISL (5-25 μg/mL) and CP (1.0 mg/mL) for 48 h. The proliferation inhibitory effect in vitro was evaluated by MTT and colony formation assays. KM mice bearing U14 mouse cervical cancer cells were used to estimate the antitumour activity in vivo. The genotoxic activity in bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes was assayed by frequency of micronuclei. The DNA damage in peripheral white blood cells was assayed by single cell gel electrophoresis. The results showed that ISL enhanced antitumour activity of CP in vitro and in vivo, and decreased the micronucleus formation in polychromatic erythrocytes and DNA strand breaks in white blood cells in a dose-dependent way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Xuan Yuan
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Defang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Jiangtao Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiling Sun
- School of integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
- Life Science School, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China
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77
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Seo YH. Discovery of Licochalcone A as a Natural Product Inhibitor of Hsp90 and Its Effect on Gefitinib Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2013.34.6.1917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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78
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Rodríguez-Celma J, Lattanzio G, Jiménez S, Briat JF, Abadía J, Abadía A, Gogorcena Y, López-Millán AF. Changes induced by Fe deficiency and Fe resupply in the root protein profile of a peach-almond hybrid rootstock. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:1162-72. [PMID: 23320467 DOI: 10.1021/pr300763c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The changes in the root extract protein profile of the Prunus hybrid GF 677 rootstock (P. dulcis × P. persica) grown in hydroponics as affected by Fe deficiency and short-term (24 h) Fe resupply have been studied by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based techniques. A total of 335 spots were consistently found in the gels. Iron deficiency caused above 2-fold increases or >50% decreases in the relative abundance in 10 and 6 spots, respectively, whereas one spot was only detected in Fe-deficient plants. Iron resupply to Fe-deficient plants caused increases and decreases in relative abundance in 15 and 16 spots, respectively, and one more spot was only detected in Fe-resupplied Fe-deficient plants. Ninety-five percent of the proteins changing in relative abundance were identified using nanoliquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Defense responses against oxidative and general stress accounted for 50% of the changes in Fe-deficient roots. Also, a slight induction of the glycolysis-fermentation pathways was observed in GF 677 roots with Fe deficiency. The root protein profile of 24 h Fe-resupplied plants was similar to that of Fe-deficient plants, indicating that the deactivation of Fe-deficiency metabolic responses is slow. Taken together, our results suggest that the high tolerance of GF 677 rootstock to Fe deficiency may be related to its ability to elicit a sound defense response against both general and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Rodríguez-Celma
- Pomology Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station, CSIC, PO Box 13034, E-50080 Zaragoza, Spain
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79
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Han SY, Chin YW, Choi YH. A new approach for pharmacokinetic studies of natural products: measurement of isoliquiritigenin levels in mice plasma, urine and feces using modified automated dosing/blood sampling system. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 27:741-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yon Han
- College of Pharmacy; Dongguk University-Seoul; 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu; Goyang; Gyeonggi-do; 410-820; South Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- College of Pharmacy; Dongguk University-Seoul; 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu; Goyang; Gyeonggi-do; 410-820; South Korea
| | - Young Hee Choi
- College of Pharmacy; Dongguk University-Seoul; 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu; Goyang; Gyeonggi-do; 410-820; South Korea
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80
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Dehydroglyasperin C, a component of liquorice, attenuates proliferation and migration induced by platelet-derived growth factor in human arterial smooth muscle cells. Br J Nutr 2013; 110:391-400. [PMID: 23298457 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512005399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Liquorice is one of the botanicals used frequently as a traditional medicine in the West and in the East. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB is involved in the development of CVD by inducing abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. In our preliminary study, dehydroglyasperin C (DGC), an active compound of liquorice, showed strong antioxidant activity. Since phytochemicals with antioxidant activities showed beneficial effects on chronic inflammatory diseases, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of DGC on PDGF-induced proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC). Treatment of HASMC with DGC for 24 h significantly decreased PDGF-induced cell number and DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner without any cytotoxicity, as demonstrated by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test and thymidine incorporation. Upon cell cycle analysis, DGC blocked the PDGF-induced progression through the G0/G1 to S phase of the cell cycle, and down-regulated the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK); 2, cyclin E, CDK4 and cyclin D1. Furthermore, DGC significantly attenuated PDGF-stimulated phosphorylation of PDGF receptor-b, phospholipase C-g1, AKT and extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2, and DGC inhibited cell migration and the dissociation of actin filaments by PDGF. In a rat vascular balloon injury model, DGC suppressed an excessive reduction in luminal diameters and neointimal formation compared with the control group. These results demonstrate the mechanistic basis for the prevention of CVD and the potential therapeutic properties of DGC.
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81
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Abstract
A new class of alkylated chalcones and flavanones was synthesised and screened for antituberculosis, antixoidant, and cytotoxic activities. The desired compounds were synthesised using methyl substituted 2-hydroxyacetophenone as a key intermediate. The acetophenone derivative having methyl substitution was prepared in turn from methtylated phloroglucinol by formylation (by Vilsmeier-Haack reaction), followed by reduction with Wolf-Kishnner approach, and finally acetylation was involved. Among 17 compounds, compound5and compound4ainhibitedM. tuberculosisat minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in the range between 25 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL. The remaining other 15 compounds also potently inhibitedM. tuberculosisat MIC in range between 50 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL. Some of these compounds also showed moderate antioxidant and cytotoxic activities.
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82
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Kim SS, Lim J, Bang Y, Gal J, Lee SU, Cho YC, Yoon G, Kang BY, Cheon SH, Choi HJ. Licochalcone E activates Nrf2/antioxidant response element signaling pathway in both neuronal and microglial cells: therapeutic relevance to neurodegenerative disease. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 23:1314-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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83
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Molecular signatures in response to Isoliquiritigenin in lymphoblastoid cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 427:392-7. [PMID: 22995316 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) has been known to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of various cancer cells. However, genetic factors regulating ISL effects remain unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the molecular signatures involved in ISL-induced cell death of EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) using microarray analyses. For gene expression and microRNA (miRNA) microarray experiments, each of 12 LCL strains was independently treated with ISL or DMSO as a vehicle control for a day prior to total RNA extraction. ISL treatment inhibited cell proliferation of LCLs in a dose-dependent manner. Microarray analysis showed that ISL-treated LCLs represented gene expression changes in cell cycle and p53 signaling pathway, having a potential as regulators in LCL survival and sensitivity to ISL-induced cytotoxicity. In addition, 36 miRNAs including five miRNAs with unknown functions were differentially expressed in ISL-treated LCLs. The integrative analysis of miRNA and gene expression profiles revealed 12 putative mRNA-miRNA functional pairs. Among them, miR-1207-5p and miR-575 were negatively correlated with p53 pathway- and cell cycle-associated genes, respectively. In conclusion, our study suggests that miRNAs play an important role in ISL-induced cytotoxicity in LCLs by targeting signaling pathways including p53 pathway and cell cycle.
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84
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Licorice isoliquiritigenin suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro and prevents inflammatory bone loss in vivo. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:1139-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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85
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Kim MJ, Lee YH, Kwak J, Na Y, Yoon HG. Protective effects of a chalcone derivative against Aβ-induced oxidative stress and neuronal damage. BMB Rep 2012; 44:730-4. [PMID: 22118539 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2011.44.11.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid Β-peptide (AΒ-peptide)-induced oxidative stress is thought to be a critical component of the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). New chalcone derivatives, the Chana series, were recently synthesized from the retrochalcones of licorice. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of the Chana series against neurodegenerative changes in vitro and in vivo. Among the Chana series, Chana 30 showed the highest free radical scavenging activity (90.7%) in the 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl assay. Chana 30 also protected against AΒ-induced neural cell injury in vitro. Furthermore, Chana 30 reduced the learning and memory deficits of AΒ(1-42)-peptide injected mice. Taken together, these results suggest that Chana 30 may be a promising candidate as a potent therapeutic agent against neurodegenerative diseases. [BMB reports 2011; 44(11): 730-734].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Jeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
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86
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Han B, Chen W, Zheng Q, Wang X, Yan H, Li L, Aisa H. Determination of isoliquiritigenin and its distribution in mice by synchronous fluorescence spectrometry. ANAL SCI 2012; 27:1115-9. [PMID: 22076338 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to develop a new method using synchronous fluorescence spectrometry (SFS) to determine the concentration of isoliquiritigenin (ISL) in mouse blood and tissues, and to investigate ISL's distribution among organs after an intraperitoneal (IP) dose of ISL. The synchronous fluorescence method was optimized with the sample pH, stability, metal ions, concentration of Al(3+), and surfactants. The proposed method was used to determine the ISL concentration in mouse blood, brain, heart, kidney, liver, spleen and lung after an IP injection of ISL. The optimal conditions for the determination of ISL using SFS were found to be: excitation and emission wavelengths of 469 and 557 nm, respectively; the use of 3% AlCl(3) as a fluorescence intensity enhancer; measuring samples within 1 h of collection, sample pH 7-8, isolation of samples from surfactants; and wavelength interval (Δλ) = 70 nm. After IP injection, the distribution of ISL in mouse organs was: liver > kidney > spleen > blood > lung > brain > heart. The blood concentration of ISL peaked at 60 min; concentrations of ISL in liver, kidney and spleen achieved maxima at 120 min. SFS provides a simple, but effective analytical method that will benefit the study of in vivo biological effects of ISL, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Han
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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87
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Bak EJ, Park HG, Lee C, Lee TI, Woo GH, Na Y, Yoo YJ, Cha JH. Effects of novel chalcone derivatives on α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, and adipocyte differentiation in vitro. BMB Rep 2011; 44:410-4. [PMID: 21699755 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2011.44.6.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chana series are new chalcone derivatives. To evaluate the possibility of Chana series as therapeutic agents of type 2 diabetes, the inhibitory effects of Chana series on the activities of α-glucosidase and DPP-4 were investigated using in vitro enzyme assays, and their effects on adipocyte differentiation were investigated in C3H10T1/2 cells. Chana 1 and Chana 7 among the Chana series showed significant inhibition of α-glucosidase activity. In DPP-4 enzyme assay, Chana 1 exhibited the highest inhibitory activity while Chana 7 did not. In MTT assay, Chana 1 did not show significant cytotoxicity up to a concentration of 250 μM, whereas cytotoxicity was observed with Chana 7 at a concentration of 300 μM. In addition, Chana 1 induced adipocyte differentiation. Therefore, Chana 1 showed inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and DPP-4 as well as a stimulatory effect on adipocyte differentiation, suggesting that Chana 1 may be a potential beneficial agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Bak
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749 Korea
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88
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Li YJ, Chen J, Li Y, Li Q, Zheng YF, Fu Y, Li P. Screening and characterization of natural antioxidants in four Glycyrrhiza species by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8181-91. [PMID: 21968349 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Licorice, derived from the dried roots and rhizomes of several species of genus Glycyrrhiza L. (Leguminosae family), has been traditionally used in herbal medicine for over 4000 years. In recent years, the interest in antioxidative constituents in licorice has greatly increased. In this work, a new method based on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) spiking test combined with HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (Q-TOF MS/MS) analysis was developed to screen and identify the antioxidants in licorice. The results of the method validation indicated that the developed method was reliable and repeatable. Compared with DPPH on-line method, the HPLC-Q-TOF MS/MS method combined with DPPH spiking test offered much higher sensitivity and resolution. Using this method, 35 radical scavengers were screened from four Glycyrrhiza species (G. inflata, G. glabra, G. pallidiflora and G. uralensis), and 21 of them were unambiguously or tentatively identified by HPLC-Q-TOF MS/MS. Among the 21 identified flavonoids, 10 compounds had been reported to possess antioxidative activities in the previous studies, and the radical scavenging activities of the other 11 compounds were reported for the first time. The effects of six purified flavonoids on DPPH radical and lipid peroxidation were evaluated for validation of the developed method. The results indicated that HPLC-Q-TOF MS/MS coupled with DPPH treatment is an efficient and powerful method to discover the potential antioxidative compounds from the complex natural product mixtures. In this study, the identified components with free radical scavenging activity, would help to explain the therapeutic benefit of licorice in the treatment of human disease associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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89
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Licocalchone-C extracted from Glycyrrhiza glabra inhibits lipopolysaccharide-interferon-γ inflammation by improving antioxidant conditions and regulating inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. Molecules 2011; 16:5720-34. [PMID: 21734629 PMCID: PMC6264366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16075720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Glycyrrhiza consists of about 30 species, amoung these, G. glabra is the source of several phenolic compounds, known as flavonoids, such as licoagrodin, licoagrochalcones, licoagroaurone and licochalcone C, kanzonol Y, glyinflanin B and glycyrdione A, which have shown various pharmacological activities, including antitumor, antiparasitic, antileishmanial, anti-ulcer and antioxidative effects. Among these compounds, licochalcone C was isolated but its biology has not been fully examined. In our study we reproduced an inflammatory state by treating THP-1 (human myelomonocytic leukaemia) cells with pro-inflammatory stimuli, such as LPS and IFN-γ and we investigated the possible antioxidant activity of licochalcone C at a concentration of 50 μM. Our results show that treatment with licochalcone C attenuates the LPS-IFN-γ-induced inflammatory response by significantly decreasing the expression and activity of iNOS via NFκB (nuclear factor kappa-B), by influencing extracellular O₂⁻ production, and by modulating the antioxidant network activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase) and GPx (glutathione peroxidase) activity. Based on these results we hypothesize that Licochalcone C has antioxidant properties since it reduces the production of superoxide radicals and consequently reduces the activity of iNOS.
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90
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Birari RB, Gupta S, Mohan CG, Bhutani KK. Antiobesity and lipid lowering effects of Glycyrrhiza chalcones: experimental and computational studies. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:795-801. [PMID: 21315569 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Twelve flavonoids (1-12), isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra roots were evaluated for their pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibitory activity in vitro. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Amongst all the compounds 7, 8, 10 and 11 showed strong inhibition against PL with IC(50) values of 7.3 μM, 35.5 μM, 14.9 μM and 37.6 μM, respectively. Molecular docking studies on the most active compound 7 revealed that it binds with the key amino acid residues of the PL active site. In silico absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) parameters were also computed on the active compounds to determine their preliminary pharmacokinetic properties. Further, investigations were carried out to determine the antiobesity and lipid lowering effects of 7 and 10 in high fat diet (HFD) fed male SD rats. In the rats supplemented with compound 7 the body weight increase was only 23.2±3.6 g as compared to 64.2±0.5 g in the HFD control group while in the rats treated with compound 10 showed 23.2±3.6 g weight gain only. Compound 7 decreased the levels of plasma total cholesterol (TC) to 84.6±1.4 mg/dl and plasma total triglycerides (TG) to 128.8±6.0 mg/dl. Compound 10 also lowered the plasma TC and TG levels considerably. The results indicate the potential of the chalcone scaffold as a source of PL inhibitors for preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul B Birari
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali, Punjab, India
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91
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Takhshid MA, Mehrabani D, Ai J, Zarepoor M. The healing effect of licorice extract in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rat model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-011-1249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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92
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Lamoke F, Labazi M, Montemari A, Parisi G, Varano M, Bartoli M. Trans-Chalcone prevents VEGF expression and retinal neovascularization in the ischemic retina. Exp Eye Res 2011; 93:350-4. [PMID: 21354136 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a critical pathological event and a major cause of blindness. Vascular inflammation and oxidative stress have been shown to play a key role in the induction and progression of RNV. Trans-Chalcone-derived flavonoids have been previously shown to be negative modulators of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses as well as tumor angiogenesis. In this study, we characterized the effects of the flavonoid trans-Chalcone in preventing RNV in a model of ischemic retinopathy. Ischemic retinopathy was induced in neonatal mice subjected to oxygen-induced retinopathy. Trans-Chalcone was administered intra-peritoneum at the dose of 25 mg/kg/day. Vascular density was assessed by morphometric analysis of flat mounted retinas stained with Texas red-Isolectin B4. Western blotting analysis was conducted to determine protein levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), inter-cellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and the transcriptional activators' signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB). Treatment with trans-Chalcone significantly inhibited RNV in the ischemic retina, as shown by decreased number of neovascular tufts. Trans-Chalcone also blocked ischemia-induced VEGF and ICAM-1 expression and this effect correlated with inhibition of activated STAT3 and NF-κB. Our results show that trans-Chalcone effectively prevents RNV in the murine retina thus suggesting that Chalcone-derived flavonoids may be beneficial in preventing pathological neovascularization in the ischemic retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folami Lamoke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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93
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Niu Y, Zhu H, Liu J, Fan H, Sun L, Lu W, Liu X, Li L. 3,5,2′,4′-Tetrahydroxychalcone, a new non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Chem Biol Interact 2011; 189:161-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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94
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Kim YM, Kim TH, Kim YW, Yang YM, Ryu DH, Hwang SJ, Lee JR, Kim SC, Kim SG. Inhibition of liver X receptor-α-dependent hepatic steatosis by isoliquiritigenin, a licorice antioxidant flavonoid, as mediated by JNK1 inhibition. Free Radic Biol Med 2010; 49:1722-34. [PMID: 20840863 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Isoliquiritigenin (ILQ), a flavonoid obtained from Glycyrrhizae species, has an antioxidant effect. This study investigated the potential of ILQ for inhibiting liver X receptor-α (LXRα)-mediated lipogenesis and steatosis in hepatocytes and its underlying molecular basis. Treatment with ILQ antagonized the ability of an LXRα agonist (T0901317) to activate sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), thereby repressing transcription of fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ATP-binding cassette transporter-A1, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1. ILQ treatment inhibited activating phosphorylation of JNK1 elicited by palmitate or TNFα. JNK1, but not JNK2, increased LXRα phosphorylation at serine residues, promoting LXRα activation. The ability of ILQ to inhibit JNK1 downstream of ASK1-MKK7 led to the repression of T0901317-inducible LXRα and SREBP-1c activation. In mice fed a high-fat diet, ILQ treatment inhibited hepatic steatosis, as shown by a decrease in fat accumulation and repression of lipogenic genes. The results of blood biochemistry and histopathology confirmed attenuation of high-fat diet-induced liver injury by ILQ. Moreover, ILQ inhibited oxidative stress, as indicated by decreases in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance formation, iNOS and COX2 induction, and nitrotyrosinylation. Our results demonstrate that ILQ has the ability to repress LXRα-dependent hepatic steatosis through JNK1 inhibition and protect hepatocytes from oxidative injury inflicted by fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Mi Kim
- Innovative Drug Research Center for Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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95
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(E)-1-(2-Hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-[4-methoxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)phenyl]prop-2-en-1-one. MOLBANK 2010. [DOI: 10.3390/m708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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96
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Cho YC, Lee SH, Yoon G, Kim HS, Na JY, Choi HJ, Cho CW, Cheon SH, Kang BY. Licochalcone E reduces chronic allergic contact dermatitis and inhibits IL-12p40 production through down-regulation of NF-κB. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 10:1119-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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97
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Han B, Zheng Q, Wang J, Chen W, Tang H, Wang Q, Wang X, Li J. Isoliquiritigenin extracted from licorice Glycyrrhiza uralensis roots by a facile conversion technique. Chem Nat Compd 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-010-9668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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98
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Reddy NP, Aparoy P, Reddy TCM, Achari C, Sridhar PR, Reddanna P. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of prenylated chalcones as 5-LOX inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:5807-15. [PMID: 20667741 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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99
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Tanifuji S, Aizu-Yokota E, Funakoshi-Tago M, Sonoda Y, Inoue H, Kasahara T. Licochalcones suppress degranulation by decreasing the intracellular Ca2+ level and tyrosine phosphorylation of ERK in RBL-2H3 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 10:769-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2009] [Revised: 03/30/2010] [Accepted: 04/10/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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100
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Yoon G, Oak MH, Lee JO, Cheon SH. Semisynthesis of Licochalcone E and Biological Evaluation as Vasorelaxant Agents. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.04.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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