51
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Della‐Felice F, Zanini M, Jie X, Tan E, Echavarren AM. Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Skipped Enynes via C(sp
3
)–H Alkynylation of Terminal Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franco Della‐Felice
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Margherita Zanini
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Xiaoming Jie
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Eric Tan
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
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52
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Della-Felice F, Zanini M, Jie X, Tan E, Echavarren AM. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Skipped Enynes via C(sp 3 )-H Alkynylation of Terminal Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5693-5698. [PMID: 33410209 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The RhIII -catalyzed allylic C-H alkynylation of non-activated terminal alkenes leads selectively to linear 1,4-enynes at room-temperature. The catalytic system tolerates a wide range of functional groups without competing functionalization at other positions. Similarly, the vinylic C-H alkynylation of α,β- and β,γ- unsaturated amides gives conjugated Z-1,3-enynes and E-enediynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Della-Felice
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Margherita Zanini
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xiaoming Jie
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eric Tan
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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53
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Mondal S, Pinkert T, Daniliuc CG, Glorius F. Regioselektive und redox‐neutrale Cp*Ir
III
‐katalysierte allylische C‐H‐Alkinylierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shobhan Mondal
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Tobias Pinkert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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54
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Kato H, Tsukada N. Palladium-catalyzed direct alkynylation of thiophenes with halosilylacetylenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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55
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Tan E, Nannini LJ, Stoica O, Echavarren AM. Rh-Catalyzed Ortho C–H Alkynylation of Aromatic Aldehydes. Org Lett 2021; 23:1263-1268. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Tan
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Leonardo J. Nannini
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Otilia Stoica
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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56
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Mondal S, Pinkert T, Daniliuc CG, Glorius F. Regioselective and Redox‐Neutral Cp*Ir
III
‐Catalyzed Allylic C−H Alkynylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5688-5692. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shobhan Mondal
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Tobias Pinkert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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57
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Karlinskii BY, Ananikov VP. Catalytic C-H Functionalization of Unreactive Furan Cores in Bio-Derived Platform Chemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:558-568. [PMID: 33207076 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
C-H functionalization is one of the most convenient and powerful tools in the arsenal of modern chemistry, deservedly nominated as the "Holy Grail" of organic synthesis. A frequent disadvantage of this method is the need for harsh reaction conditions to carry out transformations of inert C-H bonds, which limits the possibility of its use for modifying less stable substrates. Biomass-derived furan platform chemicals, which have a relatively unstable aromatic furan core and highly reactive side chain substituents, are extremely promising and valuable organic molecules that are currently widely used in a variety of research and industrial fields. The high sensitivity of furan derivatives to acids, strong oxidants, and high temperatures significantly limits the use of classical methods of C-H functionalization for their modification. New methods of catalytic functionalization of non-reactive furan cores are urgently required to obtain a new generation of materials with controlled properties and potentially bioactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Y Karlinskii
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospekt 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospekt 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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58
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Mondal A, van Gemmeren M. Catalyst-Controlled Regiodivergent C-H Alkynylation of Thiophenes*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:742-746. [PMID: 33044788 PMCID: PMC7839547 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alkynes are highly attractive motifs in organic synthesis due to their presence in natural products and bioactive molecules as well as their versatility in a plethora of subsequent transformations. A common procedure to insert alkynes into (hetero)arenes, such as the thiophenes studied herein, consists of a halogenation followed by a Sonogashira cross-coupling. The regioselectivity of this approach depends entirely on the halogenation step. Similarly, direct alkynylations of thiophenes have been described that follow the same regioselectivity patterns. Herein we report the development of a palladium catalyzed C-H activation/alkynylation of thiophenes. The method is applicable to a broad range of thiophene substrates. For 3-substituted substrates where controlling the regioselectivity between the C2 and C5 position is particularly challenging, two sets of reaction conditions enable a regiodivergent reaction, giving access to each regioisomer selectively. Both protocols use the thiophene as limiting reagent and show a broad scope, rendering our method suitable for late-stage modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Mondal
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
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59
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Xie H, Zhong M, Wang XT, Wu JQ, Cai YQ, Liu J, Shu B, Che T, Zhang SS. Cp*Ir(iii)- and Cp*Rh(iii)-catalyzed C(sp2)–H amination of arenes using thioethers as directing groups. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01353f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A mild and selective Cp*Ir(iii)- and Cp*Rh(iii)-catalyzed direct C(sp2)–H amination of arenes and three types of nitrene precursor reagents is reported, with the assistance of a thioether directing group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- Center for Drug Research and Development
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Mei Zhong
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - Xiao-Tong Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - Jia-Qiang Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen 529020
- China
| | - Yan-Qu Cai
- Center for Drug Research and Development
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Jidan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou 510006
- People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Shu
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - Tong Che
- Center for Drug Research and Development
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- China
- Jiangxi Chinese Medicine Science Center of DICP
| | - Shang-Shi Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- China
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60
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Huo X, Chen X, Yu L, Zhang C, Zeng L, Zhu H, Shao J, Fu L, Zhang J. Transition-metal-free and facile synthesis of 3-alkynylpyrrole-2,4-dicarboxylates from methylene isocyanides and propiolaldehyde. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03596g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free, facile and efficient method for the synthesis of 3-alkynylpyrrole-2,4-dicarboxylates was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Huo
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China
| | - Liya Yu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Linghui Zeng
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Huajian Zhu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Jiaan Shao
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Liping Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, PR China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
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61
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Zhang J, Lu X, Shen C, Xu L, Ding L, Zhong G. Recent advances in chelation-assisted site- and stereoselective alkenyl C–H functionalization. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3263-3314. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00447b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights recent advances in vicinal- and geminal-group-directed alkenyl C–H functionalizations which proceeded by endo- and exo-cyclometallation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- China
| | - Xiunan Lu
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- China
| | - Cong Shen
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- China
| | - Liangyao Xu
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- China
| | - Liyuan Ding
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- China
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62
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Ni S, Hribersek M, Baddigam SK, Ingner FJL, Orthaber A, Gates PJ, Pilarski LT. Mechanochemical Solvent‐Free Catalytic C−H Methylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Ni
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matic Hribersek
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Swarna K. Baddigam
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström Laboratories Uppsala University Box 523 75120 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Paul J. Gates
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close, Clifton Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Lukasz T. Pilarski
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
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63
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Niu Y, Qi Z, Lou Q, Bai P, Yang S. Copper-catalyzed arylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by the P[double bond, length as m-dash]O group. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14721-14724. [PMID: 33174877 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06639g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first example of a directed and regioselective arylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by using a P[double bond, length as m-dash]O directing group is reported herein. The protocol uses a cheap copper catalyst, and results in a breakthrough meta-selective C-H functionalization of arylphosphine oxide compounds. Substrates with potential fluorescence properties, for example, pyrene and fluoranthene, were successfully arylated under the system, thus achieving an efficient modification of fluorescent molecules containing the P[double bond, length as m-dash]O functional group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
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64
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Zhu Y, Chen F, Cheng D, Chen Y, Zhao X, Wei W, Lu Y, Zhao J. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Alkenyl C-H Functionalization to Dienes and Allenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:8786-8790. [PMID: 33147030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An oxyacetamide-directed Rh(III)-catalyzed Z-type alkenyl C-H functionalization through a rare exo-rhodacyle intermediate is described, forming multisubstituted dienes and allenes. A variety of alkenes and propargylic carbonate coupling partners are suitable for this transformation with high regio- and stereoselectivity. The synthetic utility is demonstrated by the selective late-stage modification of the Z-type natural products as well as the synthesis of the unnatural β-amino acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Donghui Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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65
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Chatterjee B, Chang WC, Jena S, Werlé C. Implementation of Cooperative Designs in Polarized Transition Metal Systems—Significance for Bond Activation and Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Basujit Chatterjee
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Wei-Chieh Chang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Soumyashree Jena
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christophe Werlé
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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66
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Mondal A, Gemmeren M. Katalysatorkontrollierte regiodivergente C‐H‐Alkinylierung von Thiophenen**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arup Mondal
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Manuel Gemmeren
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
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67
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Song L, Zhang X, Tang X, Van Meervelt L, Van der Eycken J, Harvey JN, Van der Eycken EV. Ruthenium-catalyzed cascade C-H activation/annulation of N-alkoxybenzamides: reaction development and mechanistic insight. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11562-11569. [PMID: 34094402 PMCID: PMC8162874 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04434b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly selective ruthenium-catalyzed C–H activation/annulation of alkyne-tethered N-alkoxybenzamides has been developed. In this reaction, diverse products from inverse annulation can be obtained in moderate to good yields with high functional group compatibility. Insightful experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the reaction to the inverse annulation follows the Ru(ii)–Ru(iv)–Ru(ii) pathway involving N–O bond cleavage prior to alkyne insertion. This is highly different compared to the conventional mechanism of transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation/annulation with alkynes, involving alkyne insertion prior to N–O bond cleavage. Via this pathway, the in situ generated acetic acid from the N–H/C–H activation step facilitates the N–O bond cleavage to give the Ru-nitrene species. Besides the conventional mechanism forming the products via standard annulation, an alternative and novel Ru(ii)–Ru(iv)–Ru(ii) mechanism featuring N–O cleavage preceding alkyne insertion has been proposed, affording a new understanding of transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation/annulation. A highly selective ruthenium-catalyzed C–H activation/annulation through a pathway involving N–O bond cleavage prior to alkyne insertion is developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Song
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven 3001 Belgium
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven 3001 Belgium
| | - Xiao Tang
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology Gardens Point Campus Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia
| | - Luc Van Meervelt
- Biomolecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven 3001 Belgium
| | - Johan Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic and Bio-Organic Synthesis, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 (S.4) B-9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Jeremy N Harvey
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven 3001 Belgium
| | - Erik V Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven 3001 Belgium .,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Miklukho-Maklaya Street 6 Moscow 117198 Russia
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68
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Wang YC, Huang YH, Tsai HC, Basha RS, Chou CM. Palladium-Catalyzed Proaromatic C(Alkenyl)–H Olefination: Synthesis of Densely Functionalized 1,3-Dienes. Org Lett 2020; 22:6765-6770. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chang Tsai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - R. Sidick Basha
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Chou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
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69
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García-Fernández PD, Iglesias-Sigüenza J, Rivero-Jerez PS, Díez E, Gómez-Bengoa E, Fernández R, Lassaletta JM. AuI-Catalyzed Hydroalkynylation of Haloalkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16082-16089. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro D. García-Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - Javier Iglesias-Sigüenza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - Paula S. Rivero-Jerez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - Elena Díez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Bengoa
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica I, Universidad del Paı́s Vasco, UPV/EHU, San Sebastián 20080, Spain
| | - Rosario Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - José M. Lassaletta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Sevilla 41092, Spain
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70
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Rogge T, Oliveira JCA, Kuniyil R, Hu L, Ackermann L. Reactivity-Controlling Factors in Carboxylate-Assisted C–H Activation under 4d and 3d Transition Metal Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Torben Rogge
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lianrui Hu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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71
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Choi I, Messinis AM, Ackermann L. C7-Indole Amidations and Alkenylations by Ruthenium(II) Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12534-12540. [PMID: 32485007 PMCID: PMC7383588 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
C7-H-functionalized indoles are ubiquitous structural units of biological and pharmaceutical compounds for numerous antiviral agents against SARS-CoV or HIV-1. Thus, achieving site-selective functionalizations of the C7-H position of indoles, while discriminating among other bonds, is in high demand. Herein, we disclose site-selective C7-H activations of indoles by ruthenium(II) biscarboxylate catalysis under mild conditions. Base-assisted internal electrophilic-type substitution C-H ruthenation by weak O-coordination enabled the C7-H functionalization of indoles and offered a broad scope, including C-N and C-C bond formation. The versatile ruthenium-catalyzed C7-H activations were characterized by gram-scale syntheses and the traceless removal of the directing group, thus providing easy access to pharmaceutically relevant scaffolds. Detailed mechanistic studies through spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses shed light on the unique nature of the robust ruthenium catalysis for the functionalization of the C7-H position of indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Choi
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-UniversitätTammanstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Antonis M. Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-UniversitätTammanstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-UniversitätTammanstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
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72
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Choi I, Messinis AM, Ackermann L. C7‐Indol‐Amidierung und ‐Alkenylierung durch Ruthenium(II)‐ Katalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Choi
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie und Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh) Georg-August-Universität Tammanstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Antonis M. Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie und Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh) Georg-August-Universität Tammanstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie und Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh) Georg-August-Universität Tammanstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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73
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Dhawa U, Tian C, Li W, Ackermann L. Cobalta-Electrocatalyzed C–H Allylation with Unactivated Alkenes. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Dhawa
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cong Tian
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Weizhao Li
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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74
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Meyer TH, Oliveira JCA, Ghorai D, Ackermann L. Mechanistische Studien zu Cobalta(III/IV/II)‐Elektrokatalyse: Oxidativ‐induzierte reduktive Eliminierung zur zweifachen C‐H‐Aktivierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tjark H. Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Debasish Ghorai
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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75
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Meyer TH, Oliveira JCA, Ghorai D, Ackermann L. Insights into Cobalta(III/IV/II)-Electrocatalysis: Oxidation-Induced Reductive Elimination for Twofold C-H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10955-10960. [PMID: 32154625 PMCID: PMC7318662 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The merger of cobalt‐catalyzed C−H activation and electrosynthesis provides new avenues for resource‐economical molecular syntheses, unfortunately their reaction mechanisms remain poorly understood. Herein, we report the identification and full characterization of electrochemically generated high‐valent cobalt(III/IV) complexes as crucial intermediates in electrochemical cobalt‐catalyzed C−H oxygenations. Detailed mechanistic studies provided support for an oxidatively‐induced reductive elimination via highly‐reactive cobalt(IV) intermediates. These key insights set the stage for unprecedented cobaltaelectro two‐fold C−H/C−H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjark H Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Gottingen, Germany
| | - João C A Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Debasish Ghorai
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Gottingen, Germany
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76
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Tan E, Zanini M, Echavarren AM. Iridium‐Catalyzed β‐Alkynylation of Aliphatic Oximes as Masked Carbonyl Compounds and Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10470-10473. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Tan
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica Universitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcel⋅li Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Margherita Zanini
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica Universitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcel⋅li Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica Universitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcel⋅li Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
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77
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Tan E, Zanini M, Echavarren AM. Iridium‐Catalyzed β‐Alkynylation of Aliphatic Oximes as Masked Carbonyl Compounds and Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Tan
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica Universitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcel⋅li Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Margherita Zanini
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica Universitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcel⋅li Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica Universitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcel⋅li Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
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78
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Mahato SK, Chatani N. The Iridium(III)-Catalyzed Direct C(sp2)– and C(sp3)–H Alkynylation of 2-Acylimidazoles with Various Alkynyl Bromides: Understanding the Full Catalytic Cycle. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit K. Mahato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoto Chatani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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79
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Schreib BS, Fadel M, Carreira EM. Palladium‐Catalyzed C−H Alkynylation of Unactivated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7818-7822. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt S. Schreib
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335 ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Marlene Fadel
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335 ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335 ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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80
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Schreib BS, Fadel M, Carreira EM. Palladiumkatalysierte C‐H‐Alkinylierung unaktivierter Alkene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt S. Schreib
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335 ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Marlene Fadel
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335 ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335 ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
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81
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Zhu C, Kuniyil R, Jei BB, Ackermann L. Domino C–H Activation/Directing Group Migration/Alkyne Annulation: Unique Selectivity by d6-Cobalt(III) Catalysts. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuiju Zhu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Becky B. Jei
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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82
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Du X, Hou H, Zhao Y, Sheng S, Chen J. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Alkynylation of 4-Arylphthalazin-1(2 H
)-one Scaffolds via C-H Bond Activation. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuxin Du
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules; Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Jiangxi Normal University; 330022 Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Hongcen Hou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules; Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Jiangxi Normal University; 330022 Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Yongli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules; Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Jiangxi Normal University; 330022 Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Shouri Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules; Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Jiangxi Normal University; 330022 Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Junmin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules; Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Jiangxi Normal University; 330022 Nanchang P. R. China
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83
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Massignan L, Tan X, Meyer TH, Kuniyil R, Messinis AM, Ackermann L. C-H Oxygenation Reactions Enabled by Dual Catalysis with Electrogenerated Hypervalent Iodine Species and Ruthenium Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3184-3189. [PMID: 31777143 PMCID: PMC7027769 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic generation of hypervalent iodine(III) reagents by anodic electrooxidation was orchestrated towards an unprecedented electrocatalytic C-H oxygenation of weakly coordinating aromatic amides and ketones. Thus, catalytic quantities of iodoarenes in concert with catalytic amounts of ruthenium(II) complexes set the stage for versatile C-H activations with ample scope and high functional group tolerance. Detailed mechanistic studies by experiment and computation substantiate the role of the iodoarene as the electrochemically relevant species towards C-H oxygenations with electricity as a sustainable oxidant and molecular hydrogen as the sole by-product. para-Selective C-H oxygenations likewise proved viable in the absence of directing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Xuefeng Tan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Tjark H. Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Antonis M. Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
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84
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Pradhan S, Mishra M, De PB, Banerjee S, Punniyamurthy T. Weak Coordination Enabled Switchable C4-Alkenylation and Alkylation of Indoles with Allyl Alcohols. Org Lett 2020; 22:1720-1725. [PMID: 32065752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A weak carbonyl coordination facilitated tunable reactivity between alkenylation and alkylation of indoles at the C4 C-H site is presented using readily accessible allylic alcohols in the presence of Rh catalysis by switching the additives or directing group. Exclusive site selectivity, functional group tolerance, and late-stage modifications are the important practical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Manmath Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Pinaki Bhusan De
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Sonbidya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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85
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Porey S, Zhang X, Bhowmick S, Kumar Singh V, Guin S, Paton RS, Maiti D. Alkyne Linchpin Strategy for Drug:Pharmacophore Conjugation: Experimental and Computational Realization of a Meta-Selective Inverse Sonogashira Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3762-3774. [PMID: 31910623 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The late-stage functionalization (LSF) of pharmaceutical and agrochemical compounds by the site-selective activation of C-H bonds provides access to diverse structural analogs and expands synthetically-accessible chemical space. We report a C-H functionalization LSF strategy that hinges on the use of an alkyne linchpin to assemble conjugates of sp2-rich marketed pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals with sp3-rich 3D fragments and natural products. This is accomplished through a template-assisted inverse Sonogashira reaction that displays high levels of selectivity for the meta position. This protocol is also amenable to distal structural modifications of α-amino acids. The transformation of alkyne functionality to other functional groups further highlights the applicative potential. Computational and experimental mechanistic studies shed light on the detailed mechanism. Turnover-limiting 1,2-migratory insertion of the bromoalkyne coupling partner occurs after relatively fast C-H activation. While this insertion occurs unselectively, regioconvergence results from one of the adducts undergoing a 1,2-trialkylsilyl migration to form the alkynylated product. A heterobimetallic Pd-Ag transition structure is essential for product formation in the β-bromide elimination step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Porey
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Xinglong Zhang
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , University of Oxford , Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom
| | - Suman Bhowmick
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Srimanta Guin
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Robert S Paton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , University of Oxford , Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076 , India.,Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
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86
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Just-Baringo X, Shin Y, Panigrahi A, Zarattini M, Nagyte V, Zhao L, Kostarelos K, Casiraghi C, Larrosa I. Palladium catalysed C-H arylation of pyrenes: access to a new class of exfoliating agents for water-based graphene dispersions. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2472-2478. [PMID: 34084412 PMCID: PMC8157272 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05101e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A new and diverse family of pyrene derivatives was synthesised via palladium-catalysed C-H ortho-arylation of pyrene-1-carboxylic acid. The strategy affords easy access to a broad scope of 2-substituted and 1,2-disubstituted pyrenes. The C1-substituent can be easily transformed into carboxylic acid, iodide, alkynyl, aryl or alkyl functionalities. This approach gives access to arylated pyrene ammonium salts, which outperformed their non-arylated parent compound during aqueous Liquid Phase Exfoliation (LPE) of graphite and compare favourably to state-of-the-art sodium pyrene-1-sulfonate PS1. This allowed the production of concentrated and stable suspensions of graphene flakes in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Just-Baringo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Yuyoung Shin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Adyasha Panigrahi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Marco Zarattini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Vaiva Nagyte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester AV Hill Building, Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Igor Larrosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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87
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Abstract
To improve the efficacy of molecular syntheses, researchers wish to capitalize upon the selective modification of otherwise inert C-H bonds. The past two decades have witnessed considerable advances in coordination chemistry that have set the stage for transformative tools for C-H functionalizations. Particularly, oxidative C-H/C-H and C-H/Het-H transformations have gained major attention because they avoid all elements of substrate prefunctionalization. Despite considerable advances, oxidative C-H activations have been dominated by precious transition metal catalysts based on palladium, ruthenium, iridium, and rhodium, thus compromising the sustainable nature of the overall C-H activation approach. The same holds true for the predominant use of stoichiometric chemical oxidants for the regeneration of the active catalyst, prominently featuring hypervalent iodine(III), copper(II), and silver(I) oxidants. Thereby, stoichiometric quantities of undesired byproducts are generated, which are preventive for applications of C-H activation on scale. In contrast, the elegant merger of homogeneous metal-catalyzed C-H activation with molecular electrosynthesis bears the unique power to achieve outstanding levels of oxidant and resource economy. Thus, in contrast to classical electrosyntheses by substrate control, metalla-electrocatalysis holds huge and largely untapped potential for oxidative C-H activations with unmet site selectivities by means of catalyst control. While indirect electrolysis using precious palladium complexes has been realized, less toxic and less expensive base metal catalysts feature distinct beneficial assets toward sustainable resource economy. In this Account, I summarize the emergence of electrocatalyzed C-H activation by earth-abundant 3d base metals and beyond, with a topical focus on contributions from our laboratories through November 2019. Thus, cobalt electrocatalysis was identified as a particularly powerful platform for a wealth of C-H transformations, including C-H oxygenations and C-H nitrogenations as well as C-H activations with alkynes, alkenes, allenes, isocyanides, and carbon monoxide, among others. As complementary tools, catalysts based on nickel, copper, and very recently iron have been devised for metalla-electrocatalyzed C-H activations. Key to success were detailed mechanistic insights, prominently featuring oxidation-induced reductive elimination scenarios. Likewise, the development of methods that make use of weak O-coordination benefited from crucial insights into the catalyst's modes of action by experiment, in operando spectroscopy, and computation. Overall, metalla-electrocatalyzed C-H activations have thereby set the stage for molecular syntheses with unique levels of resource economy. These electrooxidative C-H transformations overall avoid the use of chemical oxidants and are frequently characterized by improved chemoselectivities. Hence, the ability to dial in the redox potential at the minimum level required for the desired transformation renders electrocatalysis an ideal platform for the functionalization of structurally complex molecules with sensitive functional groups. This strategy was, inter alia, successfully applied to scale-up by continuous flow and the step-economical assembly of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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88
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Massignan L, Tan X, Meyer TH, Kuniyil R, Messinis AM, Ackermann L. Zusammenwirken von Rutheniumkatalysatoren und elektrokatalytisch generierten, hypervalenten Iodreagenzien für die C‐H‐Oxygenierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Xuefeng Tan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Tjark H. Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Antonis M. Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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89
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Mei R, Fang X, He L, Sun J, Zou L, Ma W, Ackermann L. Cobaltaelectro-catalyzed oxidative allene annulation by electro-removable hydrazides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:1393-1396. [PMID: 31912810 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09076b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient C-H/N-H functionalization with allenes was enabled via versatile electro-oxidative cobalt catalysis. Thus, electrochemical C-H activations were accomplished with high levels of chemoselectivity and regioselectivity in an operationally simple undivided cell setup. The user-friendly nature of this protocol was highlighted by excellent functional group tolerance, an electro-reductive removable hydrazide directing group and easy scalability. Experimental mechanistic studies were indicative of a facile BIES C-H cobaltation event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhuai Mei
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China. and Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Fang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, P. R. China
| | - Liang He
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China.
| | - Junmei Sun
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China.
| | - Liang Zou
- Affiliated Hospital & Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610081, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Ma
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, P. R. China
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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90
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Wang CA, Chatani N. Ruthenium(ii)-catalyzed acyloxylation of the ortho-C–H bond in 2-aroyl-imidazoles with carboxylic acids. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00920b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of 2-aroyl-imidazoles with carboxylic acids using [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 as the catalyst and Ag2CO3 as the oxidant results in ortho-C–H acyloxylation to afford acyloxylation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-an Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Suita
- Japan
| | - Naoto Chatani
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Suita
- Japan
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91
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Richa, Kumar R, Zhang X, Su W. Direct remote δ-C(sp2)–H olefination of β-aryl-substituted aliphatic aldehydes via palladium/enamine co-catalysis. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00911c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed direct remote δ-C(sp2)–H olefination of β-aryl-substituted aliphatic aldehydes has been achieved using a catalytic amount of secondary amine (n-Bu)2NH as a co-catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- People's Republic of China
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- People's Republic of China
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92
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Zhu C, Stangier M, Oliveira JCA, Massignan L, Ackermann L. Iron-Electrocatalyzed C-H Arylations: Mechanistic Insights into Oxidation-Induced Reductive Elimination for Ferraelectrocatalysis. Chemistry 2019; 25:16382-16389. [PMID: 31658385 PMCID: PMC6972497 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite major advances, organometallic C-H transformations are dominated by precious 5d and 4d transition metals, such as iridium, palladium and rhodium. In contrast, the unique potential of less toxic Earth-abundant 3d metals has been underexplored. While iron is the most naturally abundant transition metal, its use in oxidative, organometallic C-H activation has faced major limitations due to the need for superstoichiometric amounts of corrosive, cost-intensive DCIB as the sacrificial oxidant. To fully address these restrictions, we describe herein the unprecedented merger of electrosynthesis with iron-catalyzed C-H activation through oxidation-induced reductive elimination. Thus, ferra- and manganaelectro-catalyzed C-H arylations were accomplished at mild reaction temperatures with ample scope by the action of sustainable iron catalysts, employing electricity as a benign oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiju Zhu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Maximilian Stangier
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
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93
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Pradhan S, De PB, Punniyamurthy T. Weak Coordination-Guided Regioselective Direct Redox-Neutral C4 Allylation of Indoles with Morita-Baylis-Hillman Adducts. Org Lett 2019; 21:9898-9903. [PMID: 31794238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A weak carbonyl coordination-guided regioselective C4 allylation of indoles is demonstrated using the versatile Morita-Baylis-Hillman adduct in the presence of Rh catalysts in a redox-neutral fashion. The substrate scope, functional group diversity, oxidant free character, mechanistic aspects, and synthetic utilities are important practical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati 781039 , India
| | - Pinaki Bhusan De
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati 781039 , India
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94
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Mokar BD, Yi CS. Scope and Mechanism of the Ruthenium-Catalyzed Dehydrative C–H Coupling of Phenols with α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds: Expedient Synthesis of Chromene and Benzoxacyclic Derivatives. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chae S. Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
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95
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Geminal group-directed olefinic C-H functionalization via four- to eight-membered exo-metallocycles. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5109. [PMID: 31704916 PMCID: PMC6841671 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Great efforts have been made in the activation of a C(alkenyl)-H bond vicinal to the directing group to proceed via five- or six-membered endo-metallocycles. In stark contrast, functionalization of a C(alkenyl)-H bond geminal to the directing group via exo-metallocycle pathway continued to be elusive. Here we report the selective transformation of an olefinic C-H bond that is geminal to the directing group bearing valuable hydroxyl, carbamate or amide into a C-C bond, which proceeds through four- to eight-membered exo-palladacycles. Compared to the reported mechanisms proceeding only through six-membered exo-palladacycles via N,N-bidentate chelation, our weak and O-monodentate chelation-assisted C(alkenyl)-H activations tolerate longer or shorter distances between the olefinic C-H bonds and the coordinating groups, allowing for the functionalizations of many olefinic C-H bonds in alkenyl alcohols, carbamates and amides. The synthetic applicability has been demonstrated by the preparative scale and late-stage C-H functionalization of steroid and ricinoleate derivatives. Identifying distinct cyclometallation pathways is essential to new types of C-H activation and functionalization in organic synthesis. Here, the authors show the activation of an olefinic C-H bond geminal to the directing group via four- to eight-membered exo-palladacycles with broad substrate scope.
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96
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Kong WJ, Finger LH, Messinis AM, Kuniyil R, Oliveira JCA, Ackermann L. Flow Rhodaelectro-Catalyzed Alkyne Annulations by Versatile C-H Activation: Mechanistic Support for Rhodium(III/IV). J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17198-17206. [PMID: 31549815 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A flow-metallaelectro-catalyzed C-H activation was realized in terms of robust rhodaelectro-catalyzed alkyne annulations. To this end, a modular electro-flow cell with a porous graphite felt anode was designed to ensure efficient turnover. Thereby, a variety of C-H/N-H functionalizations proved amenable for alkyne annulations with high levels of regioselectivity and functional group tolerance, viable in both an inter- or intramolecular manner. The electro-flow C-H activation allowed easy scale up, while in-operando kinetic analysis was accomplished by online flow-NMR spectroscopy. Mechanistic studies suggest an oxidatively induced reductive elimination pathway on rhodium(III) in an electrocatalytic regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jun Kong
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Lars H Finger
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Antonis M Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - João C A Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
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97
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Saxena P, Maida N, Kapur M. Dioxazolones as masked ester surrogates in the Pd(ii)-catalyzed direct C-H arylation of 6,5-fused heterocycles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11187-11190. [PMID: 31465039 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05563k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A simple and effective Pd(ii)-catalyzed regioselective C(2)-H arylation of 6,5-fused heterocycles with dioxazolones as a masked ester surrogate under mild conditions is reported. The significance of the arylation is highlighted by the new reactivity demonstrated in dioxazolones via proximal C-H activation of the cyclic carbonate of the hydroxamic acid functionality under protic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paridhi Saxena
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462066, MP, India.
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98
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Mei R, Ma W, Zhang Y, Guo X, Ackermann L. Cobaltaelectro-Catalyzed Oxidative C–H/N–H Activation with 1,3-Diynes by Electro-Removable Hydrazides. Org Lett 2019; 21:6534-6538. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruhuai Mei
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Ma
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, P. R. China
| | - Yin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Guo
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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99
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Magnetic Cu–Schiff base complex with an ionic tail as a recyclable bifunctional catalyst for base/Pd-free Sonogashira coupling reaction. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-019-01732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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100
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Sau SC, Mei R, Struwe J, Ackermann L. Cobaltaelectro-Catalyzed C-H Activation with Carbon Monoxide or Isocyanides. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3023-3027. [PMID: 30897295 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical oxidative C-H/N-H activations with isocyanides have been realized with a versatile cobalt catalyst. The widely applicable cobalt catalysis manifold further enabled electrooxidative C-H/N-H carbonylations with carbon monoxide under ambient conditions. The C-H functionalizations were efficiently realized with ample scope and outstanding functional group tolerance in a user-friendly undivided cell setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaresh Chandra Sau
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ruhuai Mei
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia Struwe
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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